Standard Active Last Updated: Oct 17, 2023 Track Document
ASTM D8114-23a

Standard Test Method for Measurement of Effects of Automotive Engine Oils on Fuel Economy of Passenger Cars and Light-Duty Trucks in Sequence VIE Spark Ignition

Standard Test Method for Measurement of Effects of Automotive Engine Oils on Fuel Economy of Passenger Cars and Light-Duty Trucks in Sequence VIE Spark Ignition D8114-23A ASTM|D8114-23A|en-US Standard Test Method for Measurement of Effects of Automotive Engine Oils on Fuel Economy of Passenger Cars and Light-Duty Trucks in Sequence VIE Spark Ignition Standard new BOS Vol. 05.04 Committee D02
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Significance and Use

5.1 Test Method—The data obtained from the use of this test method provide a comparative index of the fuel-saving capabilities of automotive engine oils under repeatable laboratory conditions. A BL has been established for this test to provide a standard against which all other oils can be compared. The BL oil is an SAE 20W-30 grade fully formulated lubricant. The test procedure was not designed to give a precise estimate of the difference between two test oils without adequate replication. The test method was developed to compare the test oil to the BL oil. Companion test methods used to evaluate engine oil performance for specification requirements are discussed in the latest revision of Specification D4485.

5.2 Use—The Sequence VIE test method is useful for engine oil fuel economy specification acceptance. It is used in specifications and classifications of engine lubricating oils, such as the following:

5.2.1 Specification D4485.

5.2.2 API 1509.

5.2.3 SAE Classification J304.

5.2.4 SAE Classification J1423.

Scope

1.1 This test method covers an engine test procedure for the measurement of the effects of automotive engine oils on the fuel economy of passenger cars and light-duty trucks with gross vehicle weight 3856 kg or less. The tests are conducted using a specified spark-ignition engine with a displacement of 3.6 L (General Motors)4 on a dynamometer test stand. It applies to multi-viscosity oils used in these applications.

1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.

1.2.1 Exceptions—Where there is no direct equivalent such as the units for screw threads, National Pipe threads/diameters, tubing size, and single source supply equipment specifications. Additionally, Brake Specific Fuel Consumption (BSFC) is measured in kilogram per kilowatt hour.

1.3 This test method is arranged as follows:

Subject

Section

Introduction

 

Scope

1

Referenced Documents

2

Terminology

3

Summary of Test Method

4

Significance and Use

5

Apparatus

6

General

6.1

Test Engine Configuration

6.2

Laboratory Ambient Conditions

6.3

Engine Speed and Torque Control

6.4

Dynamometer

6.4.1

Dynamometer Torque

6.4.2

Engine Cooling System

6.5

External Oil System

6.6

Fuel System

6.7

Fuel Flow Measurement

6.7.2

Fuel Temperature and Pressure Control to the Fuel Flow Meter

6.7.3

Fuel Temperature and Pressure Control to Engine Fuel Rail

6.7.4

Fuel Supply Pumps

6.7.5

Fuel Filtering

6.7.6

Engine Intake Air Supply

6.8

Intake Air Humidity

6.8.1

Intake Air Filtration

6.8.2

Intake Air Pressure Relief

6.8.3

Temperature Measurement

6.9

Thermocouple Location

6.9.5

AFR Determination

6.10

Exhaust and Exhaust Back Pressure Systems

6.11

Exhaust Manifolds

6.11.1

Laboratory Exhaust System

6.11.2

Exhaust Back Pressure

6.11.3

Pressure Measurement and Pressure Sensor Locations

6.12

Engine Oil

6.12.2

Fuel to Fuel Flow Meter

6.12.3

Fuel to Engine Fuel Rail

6.12.4

Exhaust Back Pressure

6.12.5

Intake Air

6.12.6

Intake Manifold Vacuum/Absolute Pressure

6.12.7

Coolant Flow Differential Pressure

6.12.8

Crankcase Pressure

6.12.9

Engine Hardware and Related Apparatus

6.13

Test Engine Configuration

6.13.1

ECU (Power Control Module)

6.13.2

Thermostat Block-Off Adapter Plate

6.13.3

Wiring Harness

6.13.4

Thermostat Block-Off Plate

6.13.5

Oil Filter Adapter Plate

6.13.6

Modified Throttle Body Assembly

6.13.7

Fuel Rail

6.13.8

Miscellaneous Apparatus Related to Engine Operation

6.14

Reagents and Materials

7

Engine Oil

7.1

Test Fuel

7.2

Engine Coolant

7.3

Cleaning Materials

7.4

Preparation of Apparatus

8

Test Stand Preparation

8.2

Engine Preparation

9

Cleaning of Engine Parts

9.2

Engine Assembly Procedure

9.3

General Assembly Instructions

9.3.1

Bolt Torque Specifications

9.3.2

Sealing Compounds

9.3.3

Harmonic Balancer

9.3.5

Thermostat

9.3.6

Coolant Inlet

9.3.7

Oil Filter Adapter

9.3.8

Dipstick Tube

9.3.9

Sensors, Switches, Valves, and Positioners

9.3.10

Ignition System

9.3.11

Fuel Injection System

9.3.12

Intake Air System

9.3.13

Engine Management System

9.3.14

Accessory Drive Units

9.3.15

Exhaust Manifolds

9.3.16

Engine Flywheel and Guards

9.3.17

Lifting of Assembled Engines

9.3.18

Engine Mounts

9.3.19

Non-Phased Camshaft Gears

9.3.20

Internal Coolant Orifice

9.3.21

Calibration

10

Stand/Engine Calibration

10.1

Procedure

10.1.1

Reporting of Reference Results

10.1.2

Analysis of Reference/Calibration Oils

10.1.3

Instrument Calibration

10.2

Engine Torque Measurement System

10.2.3

Fuel Flow Measurement System

10.2.4

Coolant Flow Measurement System

10.2.5

Thermocouple and Temperature Measurement System

10.2.6

Humidity Measurement System

10.2.7

Other Instrumentation

10.2.8

Test Procedure

11

External Oil System

11.1

Flush Effectiveness Demonstration

11.2

Preparation for Oil Charge

11.3

Initial Engine Start-Up

11.4

New Engine Break-In

11.5

Oil Charge for Break-In

11.5.2

Break-In Operating Conditions

11.5.3

Standard Requirements for Break-In

11.5.4

Routine Test Operation

11.6

Start-Up and Shutdown Procedures

11.6.1

Flying Flush Oil Exchange Procedures

11.6.2

Test Operating Stages

11.6.3

Stabilization to Stage Conditions

11.6.4

Stabilized BSFC Measurement Cycle

11.6.5

BLB1 Oil Flush Procedure for BL Oil Before Test Run 1

11.6.6

BSFC Measurement of BLB1 Oil Before Test Oil Run 2

11.6.7

BLB2 Oil Flush Procedure for BL Oil Before Test Oil

11.6.8

BSFC Measurement of BLB2 Oil Before Test Oil

11.6.9

Percent Delta Calculation for BLB1 vs. BLB2

11.6.10

Test Oil Flush Procedure

11.6.11

Test Oil Aging, Phase I

11.6.12

BSFC Measurement of Aged (Phase I) Test Oil

11.6.13

Test Oil Aging, Phase II

11.6.14

BSFC Measurement of Aged (Phase II) Test Oil

11.6.15

Oil Consumption and Sampling

11.6.16

Flush Procedure for BL Oil (BLA) After Test Oil

11.6.17

General Test Data Logging Forms

11.6.18

Diagnostic Review Procedures

11.6.19

Determination of Test Results

12

Final Test Report

13

Precision and Bias

14

Keywords

15

Annexes

 

ASTM Test Monitoring Center Organization

Annex A1

ASTM Test Monitoring Center: Calibration Procedures

Annex A2

ASTM Test Monitoring Center: Maintenance Activities

Annex A3

ASTM Test Monitoring Center: Related Information

Annex A4

Detailed Specifications and Drawings of Apparatus

Annex A5

Oil Heater Bolton 255 Refill Procedure

Annex A6

Engine Part Number Listing

Annex A7

Safety Precautions

Annex A8

Sequence VIE Test Report Forms and Data Dictionary

Annex A9

Statistical Equations for Mean and Standard Deviations

Annex A10

Determining the Oil Sump Full Level and Consumption

Annex A11

Fuel Injection Evaluation

Annex A12

Pre-test Maintenance Checklist

Annex A13

Blow-by Ventilation System Requirements

Annex A14

Calculation of Test Results

Annex A15

Calculation of Un-weighted Baseline Shift

Annex A16

Non-Phased Cam Gear and Position Actuator Installation and
 GM Short Block Assembly Procedure

Annex A17

Procedure

 

Procurement of Test Materials

Annex A18

Alternate Fuel Approval Requirements

Annex A19

Appendix

 

Useful Information

Appendix X1

1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.

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Details
Book of Standards Volume: 05.04
Developed by Subcommittee: D02.B0.01
Pages: 80
DOI: 10.1520/D8114-23A
ICS Code: 75.100