ASTM D8279 - 21
Standard Test Method for Determination of Timing-Chain Wear in a Turbocharged, Direct-Injection, Spark-Ignition, Four-Cylinder Engine
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Significance and Use
5.1 This test method evaluates an automotive engine oil's lubricating efficiency in inhibiting timing-chain lengthening under operating conditions selected to accelerate timing-chain wear. Varying quality reference oils of known wear performance were used in developing the operating conditions of the test procedure.
5.2 The test method can be used to screen lubricants for satisfactory lubrication of an engine timing chain and has application in gasoline, automotive, engine-oil specifications. It is expected to be used in specifications and classifications of engine lubricating oils, such as the following:
5.2.1 ILSAC GF-6.
5.2.2 Specification D4485.
5.2.3 SAE Classification J183.
1. Scope
1.1 Undesirable timing-chain wear has been observed with gasoline, turbocharged, direct-injection (GTDI) engines in field service, and data from correlating laboratory engine tests have shown that chain wear can be affected by appropriately formulated engine lubricating. A laboratory engine test has been developed to provide a means for screening lubricating oils for that specific purpose. The laboratory engine test is 216 h in length, conducted under varying conditions, and the increase in timing-chain length determined at the end of test is the primary result. This test method is commonly known as the Sequence X, Chain Wear (CW) Test.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. The values given in parentheses after SI units are provided for information only and are not considered standard.
1.2.1 Exception—Where there is no direct SI equivalent such as screw threads, national pipe threads/diameters, tubing size, or specified single source equipment.
1.3 Table of Contents:
|
| Section |
| Scope | 1 |
| Referenced Documents | 2 |
| Terminology | 3 |
| Summary of Test Method | 4 |
| Significance and Use | 5 |
| Apparatus | 6 |
| Test Engine | 6.1 |
| Reagents and Materials | 7 |
| Preparation of Apparatus | 8 |
| Timing-chain Preparation, Installation, and Measurement | 8.20 |
| Test Stand Installation | 8.21 |
| Electronic Throttle Controller | 8.21.17 |
| Temperature Measurement | 8.23 |
| Pressure Measurement | 8.24 |
| Flowrate Measurement | 8.25 |
| Blowby Flowrate | 8.26 |
| Stand Calibration | 9 |
| Test Procedure | 10 |
| Pre-Test Procedure and Engine Break-In | 10.1 |
| Engine Start-up Procedures | 10.2 |
| Test Sequence | 10.3 |
| Engine Shutdown Procedures | 10.4 |
| Blowby Flowrate Measurement | 10.5 |
| Parameter Logging | 10.6 |
| Oil Consumption Calculation | 10.7 |
| General Maintenance | 10.8 |
| Special Maintenance Procedures | 10.9 |
| Blowby Flowrate Adjustment | 10.10 |
| Diagnostic Data Review | 11 |
| Test Results | 12 |
| Report | 13 |
| Precision and Bias | 14 |
| Keywords | 15 |
| ANNEXES |
|
| ASTM TMC Organization | Annex A1 |
| ASTM TMC: Calibration Procedures | Annex A2 |
| ASTM TMC: Maintenance Activities | Annex A3 |
| ASTM TMC: Related Information | Annex A4 |
| Engine and Stand Parts | Annex A5 |
| Safety Precautions | Annex A6 |
| Engine Rebuild Templates | Annex A7 |
| Engine Build Records | Annex A8 |
| Cylinder Head Build | A8.1 |
| Cylinder Bore Measurement | A8.2 |
| Bearing Journal Measurements | A8.3 |
| Engine Part Photographs, Schematics and Figures | Annex A9 |
| Control and Data Acquisition Requirements | Annex A10 |
| Dipstick Oil Level to Charge Conversions | Annex A11 |
| Sequence X Report Forms and Data Acquisition | Annex A12 |
| APPENDIXES |
|
| Sources of Materials and Information | Appendix X1 |
| Suggested Designs for Engine Fixing Brackets | Appendix X2 |
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents (purchase separately) The documents listed below are referenced within the subject standard but are not provided as part of the standard.
ASTM Standards
D235 Specification for Mineral Spirits (Petroleum Spirits) (Hydrocarbon Dry Cleaning Solvent)
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
D664 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Titration
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
D4485 Specification for Performance of Active API Service Category Engine Oils
D4739 Test Method for Base Number Determination by Potentiometric Hydrochloric Acid Titration
D5185 Test Method for Multielement Determination of Used and Unused Lubricating Oils and Base Oils by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES)
D5967 Test Method for Evaluation of Diesel Engine Oils in T-8 Diesel Engine
D6304 Test Method for Determination of Water in Petroleum Products, Lubricating Oils, and Additives by Coulometric Karl Fischer Titration
D6593 Test Method for Evaluation of Automotive Engine Oils for Inhibition of Deposit Formation in a Spark-Ignition Internal Combustion Engine Fueled with Gasoline and Operated Under Low-Temperature, Light-Duty Conditions
D8047 Test Method for Evaluation of Engine Oil Aeration Resistance in a Caterpillar C13 Direct-Injected Turbocharged Automotive Diesel Engine
D8291 Test Method for Evaluation of Performance of Automotive Engine Oils in the Mitigation of Low-Speed, Preignition in the Sequence IX Gasoline Turbocharged Direct-Injection, Spark-Ignition Engine
American National Standards Institute Standard
ANSI MC96.1 Temperature Measurement Thermocouples Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.Other Document
2012 Ford Explorer 2.0 L-4V TiVCT GTDi Build Manual Available from Helminc, https://www.helminc.com/helm/homepage.asp.ICS Code
ICS Number Code 43.040.01 (Road vehicle systems in general)
Referencing This Standard
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DOI: 10.1520/D8279-21
Citation Format
ASTM D8279-21, Standard Test Method for Determination of Timing-Chain Wear in a Turbocharged, Direct-Injection, Spark-Ignition, Four-Cylinder Engine, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2021, www.astm.org
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