ASTM D4865 - 09(2014)
Standard Guide for Generation and Dissipation of Static Electricity in Petroleum Fuel Systems
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Significance and Use
4.1 Pumping, filtering, and tank filling of petroleum products, particularly refined distillates, can cause the generation and accumulation of electrostatic charges and can result in static discharges capable of causing fires and explosions. This guide provides an overview of the factors involved in the generation of such electrostatic charges. Methods are described for the alleviation of the problem, and cited authoritative references contain more details.
4.2 This guide is not intended to provide operating or safety rules for the handling of petroleum products to avoid electrostatic hazards.
1. Scope
1.1 This guide describes how static electricity may be generated in petroleum fuel systems, the types of equipment conducive to charge generation, and methods for the safe dissipation of such charges. This guide is intended to increase awareness of potential operating problems and hazards resulting from electrostatic charge accumulation.
1.2 This guide is not intended to provide specific solutions but indicates available techniques the user may wish to investigate to alleviate electrostatic charges. This guide does not cover the effects of stray currents or of lightning, either of which can also produce sparks leading to fires or explosions.
1.3 This guide is not intended to address detailed safety practices associated with static electricity in petroleum product systems.
1.4 The values in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values in parentheses are for information only.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents (purchase separately) The documents listed below are referenced within the subject standard but are not provided as part of the standard.
ASTM Standards
D56 Test Method for Flash Point by Tag Closed Cup Tester
D93 Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Tester
D323 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Reid Method)
D396 Specification for Fuel Oils
D910 Specification for Leaded Aviation Gasolines
D975 Specification for Diesel Fuel Oils
D1655 Specification for Aviation Turbine Fuels
D2276 Test Method for Particulate Contaminant in Aviation Fuel by Line Sampling
D2624 Test Methods for Electrical Conductivity of Aviation and Distillate Fuels
D2880 Specification for Gas Turbine Fuel Oils
D3699 Specification for Kerosine
D3948 Test Method for Determining Water Separation Characteristics of Aviation Turbine Fuels by Portable Separometer
D4306 Practice for Aviation Fuel Sample Containers for Tests Affected by Trace Contamination
D4308 Test Method for Electrical Conductivity of Liquid Hydrocarbons by Precision Meter
D5191 Test Method for Vapor Pressure of Petroleum Products (Mini Method)
D5452 Test Method for Particulate Contamination in Aviation Fuels by Laboratory Filtration
D6615 Specification for Jet B Wide-Cut Aviation Turbine Fuel
National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) Standards
NFPA Standard No. 30 Flammable and Combustible Liquid Code NFPA Standard No. 407 Standard on Aircraft Fuel ServicingCanadian General Standard Board (CGSB) Specification
CAN/CGSB 3.517 Automotive Low Sulphur Diesel Fuel CAN/CGSB 3.6 Regular Sulphur Diesel FuelBritish Standards Institute (BSI) Standard
BS 5958 (Part 2) Recommendations for Particular Industrial Situations Part 2 of British Standard Code of Practice for Control of Undesirable Static Electricity, available from British Standards Institute, 2 Park St., London, England WIA2B5.ICS Code
ICS Number Code 23.020.10 (Stationary containers and tanks)
UNSPSC Code
UNSPSC Code 15101500(Petroleum and distillates)
Referencing This Standard
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DOI: 10.1520/D4865-09R14
Citation Format
ASTM D4865-09(2014), Standard Guide for Generation and Dissipation of Static Electricity in Petroleum Fuel Systems, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2014, www.astm.org
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