=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI10611
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI10611$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI10611$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRC489.A7
=082  04$a615.85156$223
=100  1\$aKirk, MT.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aTransition Toughness Modeling of Steels Since RKR /$cMT. Kirk, MAE Natishan, M. Wagenhofer.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (17 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b38
=520  3\$aIn this paper we trace the development of transition fracture toughness models from the landmark paper of Ritchie, Knott, and Rice in 1973 up through the current day. While such models have become considerably more sophisticated since 1973, none have achieved the goal of blindly predicting fracture toughness data. In this paper we suggest one possible way to obtain such a predictive model.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aArt therapy.
=650  \0$aModeling Therapeutic use.
=650  \0$aCleavage fracture.
=650  \0$aRitchie-Knott-Rice.
=650  \0$aTransition fracture.
=650  \0$aModeling.
=650  \0$aFerritic steels.
=650  14$aRitchie-Knott-Rice.
=650  24$aCleavage fracture.
=650  24$aTransition fracture.
=650  24$aModeling.
=650  24$aFerritic steels.
=700  1\$aNatishan, MAE,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWagenhofer, M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI10611.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI10614
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI10614$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI10614$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD381.9.S65
=082  04$a530.4/13$223
=100  1\$aNatishan, ME.,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Physics-Based Predictive Model for Fracture Toughness Behavior /$cME. Natishan, M. Wagenhofer, ST. Rosinski.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b22
=520  3\$aUsing the Zerilli-Armstrong (ZA) constitutive model for BCC materials and a combined strength-strain model of fracture, a physics model suitable for predicting the fracture toughness transition behavior of ferritic steels has been developed. The model predicts an exponential dependence of the plastic work on temperature and thus is comparable to the exponential dependence of plastic work predicted by Wallin et al. for the Master Curve. Exploring the limits of applicability of the ZA equation used as the basis for this model provides the information required to firmly establish the limits of material condition applicability of the Master Curve. Calculations based on limited data provide validation of the proposed model. The models' ability to predict shifts in transition temperature with irradiation and its application to RP vessel integrity assessment will also be discussed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aGlass transition temperature.
=650  \0$aChemistry.
=650  \0$aPolymer solutions.
=650  \0$aCleavage fracture.
=650  \0$aDislocation mechanics.
=650  \0$aSteels.
=650  14$aCleavage fracture.
=650  24$aSteels.
=650  24$aTransition temperature.
=650  24$aDislocation mechanics.
=650  24$aCharacteristic distance.
=700  1\$aWagenhofer, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRosinski, ST.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI10614.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI10615
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI10615$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI10615$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQ295
=082  04$a620.1126$223
=100  1\$aMinami, F.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aConstraint Correction of Fracture Toughness CTOD for Fracture Performance Evaluation of Structural Components /$cF. Minami, K. Arimochi.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (19 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b31
=520  3\$aA correction of CTOD for constraint loss in large-scale yielding conditions is made on the basis of the Weibull stress fracture criterion that eliminates an excessive conservatism in the conventional fracture assessment and material fracture toughness requirement. A CTOD ratio β = δ3P / δWP (<1) is proposed, where δWP is the CTOD of a wide plate component and δ3P is an equivalent CTOD of the fracture toughness specimen at which the toughness specimen gives a compatible Weibull stress with the wide plate. The CTOD ratio β is decreased to a large extent after full yielding of the wide plate component, which is more significant for a high yield ratio YR and a deep surface crack in the wide plate. The Weibull modulus m exerts a marginal influence on β. A case study is presented on the application of the CTOD ratio β to the fracture performance assessment of full-scale column-to-beam connections subjected to cyclic and dynamic loading.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$afracture.
=650  \0$aSelf organizing systems.
=650  \0$aEquivalent CTOD.
=650  \0$aBrittle fracture.
=650  \0$aFracture performance.
=650  \0$aFracture toughness.
=650  \0$aStructural steels.
=650  \0$aConstraint effect.
=650  14$aBrittle fracture.
=650  24$aConstraint effect.
=650  24$aTransferability analysis.
=650  24$aFracture toughness.
=650  24$aFracture performance.
=650  24$aEquivalent CTOD.
=650  24$aWeibull stress criterion.
=650  24$aStructural steels.
=700  1\$aArimochi, K.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI10615.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI10616
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI10616$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI10616$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQA76.612
=082  04$a5.116$223
=100  1\$aNikbin, KM.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSensitivity in Creep Crack Growth Predictions of Components Due to Variability in Deriving the Fracture Mechanics Parameter C* /$cKM. Nikbin.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b18
=520  3\$aIn this paper the uncertainties in estimating C* creep fracture mechanics parameter, on component defect assessment, is considered. Comparisons of reference stress σref and the stress intensity factor K for a surface cracked plate under tension and bending and a pipe geometry under internal pressure and external bending using formulae from available codes of practices such as the R5/R6 [1-2], BS7901 [3] and A16 [4] are made with three-dimensional Finite Element (3D FE) analysis calculations. It is shown, using the same material properties and specimen dimensions, that the uncertainty associated with calculating σref could be as much as ±40% whereas for the stress intensity K it is about ±10%. The σref values are used to calculate C* using the mean properties of a base 316LN type stainless steel plate tested at 650 °C and a cross-weld P22 circumferentially welded pipe tested at 565 °C. Both the pipe and the plate were tested within a European collaborative programme ‘HIDA’ between (1996–2000) [5]. The tendency is that ‘global’ limit load analysis will give a lower and more conservative C* than the ‘local’ analysis. From the comparisons of the pipe and plate initial cracking rates, using different C* estimations, with standard creep crack growth rate data on compact tensions (CT) specimens, using the ASTME1457-2002 to evaluate C*, it is shown that predictions of cracking rates could vary by as much as two decades in magnitude. This inconsistency yields itself to an analysis based on an empirical model for predicting crack growth in components.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aConstraint programming.
=650  \0$aDigital electronics.
=650  \0$aIntegrated circuits.
=650  \0$aCrack growth rate.
=650  \0$aCreep.
=650  \0$aFracture mechanics.
=650  \0$aLimit analysis.
=650  \0$aReference stress.
=650  \0$aSteels.
=650  \0$aConstraint.
=650  \0$aLife assessment.
=650  14$aCreep.
=650  24$aCrack growth rate.
=650  24$aFracture mechanics.
=650  24$aK.
=650  24$aLimit analysis.
=650  24$aReference stress.
=650  24$aHigh temperature testing.
=650  24$aLife assessment.
=650  24$aSteels.
=650  24$aConstraint.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI10616.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI10617
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI10617$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI10617$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC661
=082  04$a621.3813$223
=100  1\$aPoussard, C.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aOn the Identification of Critical Damage Mechanisms Parameters to Predict the Behavior of Charpy Specimens on the Upper Shelf /$cC. Poussard, C. Sainte Catherine, P. Forget, B. Marini.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (18 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b22
=520  3\$aThe use of sub-sized Charpy-V specimens to monitor the mechanical properties of reactor pressure vessel (RPV) steels is receiving increasing attention. It is motivated by the fact that a smaller amount of material can be used to obtain the fracture properties, which can be of great economical interest when dealing with activated materials. Prior to use reduced-size specimens, investigations are still necessary to verify that the properties obtained from sub-sized specimens are comparable to those obtained from standard size specimens. Amongst the approaches that are available, the local approach to failure, which combines a description of the material microstructure (void density, distance between inclusions…) and empirical observations, is a promising way to investigate the transferability of mechanical properties. It has been successfully used to describe the macroscopic behavior of a wide range of cracked or notched specimens and components of various dimensions but restricted so far to quasi-static loading conditions. The results discussed in the paper are focused on the upper shelf behavior of the French RPV material, equivalent to the American ASTM A508 Cl.3 material. Modeling of the material is achieved using the Rousselier coupled damage constitutive equations. This model is implemented in CAST3M, a general-purpose finite element code developed by the French Atomic Energy Agency. Comparisons between the numerical results and the experimental observations are given and the computed local temperature elevations and plastic strain rates discussed to explain the behavior of the specimens.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFinite element method.
=650  \0$aElectromagnetic waves.
=650  \0$aUpper shelf.
=650  14$aDamage fracture mechanics.
=650  24$aRPV steel.
=650  24$aUpper shelf.
=650  24$aConventional and sub-sized Charpy specimens.
=650  24$aFinite element modeling.
=700  1\$aSainte Catherine, C.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aForget, P.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMarini, B.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI10617.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI10618
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI10618$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI10618$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aPN56.M5363
=082  04$a809/.93356$223
=100  1\$aLaukkanen, A.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aTransferability Properties of Local Approach Modeling in the Ductile to Brittle Transition Region /$cA. Laukkanen, K. Wallin, P. Nevasmaa, S. Tähtinen.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (26 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aQualitative descriptive potential of local approach models for upper shelf and transition region has been well established. Models such as the Gurson-Tvergaard-Needleman and the Beremin model have been demonstrated to enable characterization of fracture phenomena over the entire transition regime. The foundation for consistent local approach characterization of material failure has been set, but quantitative application is still at developing stages. Current work addresses properties of a modified Beremin model in terms of material parameter consistency and transferability, which are taken as measures of performance with respect to quantitative applicability. Three-point bend specimen fracture toughness data of sizes 3×4×27 mm, 5×5×27 mm, 5×10×55 mm and 10×10×55 mm are simulated in the ductile to brittle transition region using finite element methods and inference of local approach parameters is performed using pointwise collocation and stochastic methods. The suitability of the calibration methods and overall model performance are evaluated and demonstrated.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMiniature dolls.
=650  \0$aSplit self in literature.
=650  \0$aBrittle fracture.
=650  \0$aLocal approach.
=650  \0$aBeremin model.
=650  \0$aMiniature specimens.
=650  \0$aTransferability.
=650  14$aBrittle fracture.
=650  24$aBeremin model.
=650  24$aMiniature specimens.
=650  24$aLocal approach.
=650  24$aTransferability.
=700  1\$aWallin, K.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNevasmaa, P.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTähtinen, S.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI10618.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI10624
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI10624$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI10624$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.9.C6
=082  04$a620.1/18$223
=100  1\$aMinami, F.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aInterface Strength Evaluation of LSI Devices Using the Weibull Stress /$cF. Minami, W. Takahara, T. Nakamura.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b23
=520  3\$aInterface fracture strength is evaluated by the Weibull stress criterion for LSI devices composed of epoxy resin and Fe-Ni alloy sheet. The difference in coefficient of thermal expansion of the epoxy resin and Fe-Ni sheet causes a stress singularity at the corner ends of the device in the cooling process during LSI packaging, which is responsible for the interface fracture of the device. It is shown that the critical Weibull stress, an integrated stress over the stressed body along the interface, at fracture initiation is almost independent of the package geometry, although both the local stresses and the singularity parameters in the LSI device significantly depend on it. Shape design to decrease the Weibull stress values would be effective to improve the LSI devices reliability.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aLaminated wood Testing.
=650  \0$aInterface strength.
=650  \0$aLocal approach.
=650  \0$aDelamination.
=650  \0$aLSI devices.
=650  \0$aWeibull stress.
=650  \0$aPackage geometry.
=650  14$aInterface strength.
=650  24$aDelamination.
=650  24$aDissimilar material joints.
=650  24$aLSI devices.
=650  24$aPackage geometry.
=650  24$aLocal approach.
=650  24$aWeibull stress.
=700  1\$aTakahara, W.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNakamura, T.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI10624.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI10626
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI10626$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI10626$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRC78.7.T6
=082  04$a616.07572$223
=100  1\$aQidwai, MA.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aImage-Based Characterization and Finite Element Analysis of Porous SMA Behavior /$cMA. Qidwai, VG. DeGiorgi, RK. Everett.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b15
=520  3\$aPorous shape memory alloys (SMAs) are a relatively new group of materials that are of interest because of their potential use in the design of damping and shock mitigation systems. Benefits of the material include reduced weight, high level of energy absorption through phase transformation and possible increased energy absorption through wave scattering due to porosity. Essential to the use of these materials is an understanding of the structural and shock absorbing response of the material. Constitutive models that accurately represent these characteristics are necessary. The emphasis of this research is to develop a computational methodology that will bridge the mesostructural and macrostructural features of porous SMAs. The first step in the process involves the detailed characterization of the relevant mesostructure, i.e., information about pore shape, size, volume fraction and distribution. This representative characterization can be used to produce realistic image-based finite element models. Because the resultant models have large degrees of freedom they cannot be employed to analyze large-scale structural problems. However, simply designed boundary value problems such as the dynamic uniaxial compressive loading of a bar can be used as benchmarks for the verification of phenomenological macro-constitutive models, or models that are derived using averaging methods such as the Mori-Tanaka method or the self-consistent method. In this study, an attempt is made to analyze numerically porous SMA behavior under dynamic conditions based on the representative mesostructural features. Preliminary results are obtained for selected pore volume fractions and distinct trends in material behavior are observed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aX-ray computed tomography.
=650  \0$aSpiral computed tomography.
=650  \0$aSmart material.
=650  \0$aPseudoelasticity.
=650  14$aPorous shape memory alloy.
=650  24$aSmart material.
=650  24$aComputational modeling.
=650  24$aX-ray computed tomography.
=650  24$aDynamic constitutive behavior.
=650  24$aPseudoelasticity.
=700  1\$aDeGiorgi, VG.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aEverett, RK.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI10626.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI10628
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI10628$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI10628$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC173.4.P67
=082  04$a620.1/16$223
=100  1\$aGeltmacher, AB.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aComputational Estimation of Multiaxial Yield Surface Using Microyield Percolation Analysis /$cAB. Geltmacher, RK. Everett, P. Matic, CT. Dyka.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aMeasurements of multiaxial properties of materials, such as yield surfaces, damage surfaces and fracture limit surfaces, are a time and resource intensive problem. For three-dimensional (3D) multiaxial yield of a complex microstructure, hundreds of points are required at different 3D strain states to define a full yield surface to the resolution required for constitutive model implementation. Experimental determination of the effects generated by a specific microstructure on a multiaxial yield surface is hindered by the inability to produce multiple specimens with the exact same microstructure or the inability to subject the same specimen to multiple stress or strain states without changing its response. Full nonlinear analysis of a specific microstructure for such a large set of points is also prohibitive, due to the time constraints of solving large, 3D nonlinear problems. A technique has been developed that uses high resolution 3D tomographic images and finite element simulations to track the development of microplastic connectivity for actual material microstructures in an 1100 aluminum/TiB2 particle composite. This information is then used to estimate the 3D multiaxial yield surface of the material in strain space for the imaged microstructures. The multiaxial yield surface is estimated using linear superposition and load scaling of three orthogonal displacement basis loads. Macroscopic yielding is defined as the percolation of microplastic elements across the model. Interval halving is used to solve for the scaling parameter, iterating to the value at which plastic flow percolation occurs and defining a point on the yield surface. Percolation can occur across one or more of the three directions defined by the model, but it need not occur simultaneously. A small selected set of nonlinear analyses is used as calibration for the estimated yield surface. The aim of this approach is to accelerate the process of building 3D multiaxial yield surfaces from microstructures and to gain insight into the material microstructure performance.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$apercolation.
=650  \0$aHydrophobic surfaces.
=650  \0$aPorous materials.
=650  \0$aImage-based modeling.
=650  \0$aMaterial properties.
=650  \0$aPercolation analysis.
=650  14$aMultiaxial yield surfaces.
=650  24$aMaterial properties.
=650  24$aX-ray computed microtomography.
=650  24$aImage-based modeling.
=650  24$aPercolation analysis.
=700  1\$aEverett, RK.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMatic, P.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDyka, CT.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI10628.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI10933
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI10933$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI10933$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aBM645.P7
=082  04$a296.3/11$223
=100  1\$aNehdi, M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFlexible Crumb Tire Rubber-Filled Cement Mortars as a Protective System for Buried Infrastructure /$cM. Nehdi, A. Khan, J. Sumner.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aDue to population growth and urban congestion, the space available for the development of public infrastructure is sharply decreasing. Engineers are therefore resorting to the efficient use of underground space, which involves the construction of tunnels and other underground structures. Many such projects will be located in rock/soil with time-dependent behavior or under high overburden pressure. Thus, under such stress conditions, there may be a need for a deformable supporting system that can serve as a buffer layer to protect tunnel linings from time-dependent deformations of the excavated rock/soil. This paper investigates the use of cement mortars containing crumb recycled tire rubber to develop a flexible interface material for such applications. The effects of the w/c ratio, rubber content, and particle size on the mechanical properties of rubber filled mortars were studied using uniaxial and triaxial compression tests. A statistical factorial experimental plan was designed to obtain response surfaces for the parameters under study. A model tunnel was made, instrumented, and tested in a specially designed pressure cell under hydrostatic pressure to investigate the effect of using flexible rubber-filled mortar layers around tunnel linings on the development of stresses. The findings of this research suggest that cement mortars containing crumb tire rubber have superior ductility and may be used to accommodate deformations around tunnel linings, pipelines, and other buried infrastructure.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPsychological.
=650  \0$aPastoral counseling.
=650  \0$aBuried infrastructure.
=650  \0$aRecycling.
=650  \0$aTriaxial.
=650  \0$aCompression.
=650  \0$aStrain.
=650  \0$aUniaxial compression.
=650  \0$aTire rubber.
=650  \0$aFactorial experiments.
=650  \0$aStress.
=650  \0$aTunnel linings.
=650  14$aRecycling.
=650  24$aTire rubber.
=650  24$aStress.
=650  24$aStrain.
=650  24$aUniaxial compression.
=650  24$aTriaxial.
=650  24$aCompression.
=650  24$aTunnel linings.
=650  24$aBuried infrastructure.
=650  24$aFactorial experiments.
=700  1\$aKhan, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSumner, J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI10933.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI10983
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI10983$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI10983$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aNA4830
=082  04$a726/.6$223
=100  1\$aWolf, AT.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aConcepts for Development of a Service Life Prediction Methodology for Sealed Building and Construction Joints—Review and Roadmap for Future Research /$cAT. Wolf.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b33
=520  3\$aDespite extensive research on durability of building materials and components performed over the past two decades, no reliable quantitative method of service life prediction (SLP) has gained wide acceptance. Generic guidance is provided in documents published by ASTM, RILEM, EOTA and ISO. Although the methodology is logical and easy to understand, its application is not simple, since much judgement is required in the interpretation of the results. Recently, a more specific method of estimating the service life of sealed joints has been proposed. The paper discusses the key requirements relevant to any service-life-prediction methodology, critiques the preliminary method proposed in the literature, and proposes a possible extension of this method.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBuilding trades.
=650  \0$aArchitecture.
=650  \0$aService life.
=650  \0$aBuilding.
=650  \0$aConstruction.
=650  \0$aSealant.
=650  \0$aSealed joint.
=650  14$aService life.
=650  24$aSealed joint.
=650  24$aSealant.
=650  24$aBuilding.
=650  24$aConstruction.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI10983.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI10986
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI10986$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI10986$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTS1927.S55
=082  04$a678.72$223
=100  1\$aWang, Y-L,$eauthor.
=245  10$aHistorical Development and Future Prospects of Structural Silicone Sealants in China /$cY-L Wang, H-M Wang, L-M Wu.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b3
=520  3\$aIn China, the first four-sided structurally glazed curtain wall building, the Beijing Great Wall Hotel, was constructed in 1987. Since then, glass curtain wall buildings have become popular, and it is estimated that about 5 million m2 of coated glass are fabricated and installed by way of Structural Silicone Glazing (SSG) every year. Structural silicone sealants from Dow Corning and General Electric (GE) held the largest share of China's market until 1998. China developed and decreed its own national standard GB 16776-1997 for structural silicone sealants that is comparable with ASTM C 1184 but that has more stringent requirements in terms of tensile strength and adhesion to substrates. All structural silicone sealants, whether they are manufactured domestically or overseas, are required to be approved by the Chinese government based on the GB 16776 specification, and only certified products are permitted for use in Chinese glass curtain wall engineering. There are currently eight foreign structural silicone sealants and ten domestic products approved for installation of glass curtain walls in China. This paper covers China's market, national standard, and prospects of structural silicone sealants.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSilicone rubber.
=650  \0$aGlass curtain wall.
=650  14$aChina.
=650  24$aGlass curtain wall.
=650  24$aStructural silicone sealant.
=650  24$aGB 16776 standard.
=700  1\$aWang, H-M,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWu, L-M,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI10986.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11151
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11151$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11151$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aHD9000.9.U5
=082  04$a640.73$223
=100  1\$aChin, IR.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEvolution of the Development of the Chicago Facade Inspection Ordinance /$cIR. Chin, H. Gerberding.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (19 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aIn Chicago, IL, there are hundreds of high-rise buildings that were constructed starting in the 1890s. The exterior facade on these buildings includes terra cotta panels, thick stone panels, thin stone panels, brick veneer, precast concrete, poured-in-place concrete, steel panels, aluminum panels, and glass/aluminum curtain wall. After pieces of a terra cotta facade fell from a building in 1974 and killed a pedestrian, Chicago prepared its 1978 facade inspection. This ordinance was the first facade inspection ordinance in the United States. This ordinance was subsequently repealed. Due to subsequent facade failures, Chicago prepared its 1996 facade ordinance and amended this ordinance in 2000, 2001, and 2002. The amended ordinance is currently the most comprehensive facade ordinance in the United States. Approximately 70 % of eligible buildings in Chicago have complied with the ordinance. This paper presents information on the evolution and development of the ordinance.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFood adulteration and inspection.
=650  \0$aPharmacology.
=650  \0$aOrdinance.
=650  \0$aInspection.
=650  \0$aFailures.
=650  14$aFacade.
=650  24$aFailures.
=650  24$aInspection.
=650  24$aOrdinance.
=700  1\$aGerberding, H.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11151.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11161
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11161$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11161$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRM843
=082  04$a615.5/3$223
=100  1\$aPetermann, MA.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSeeing and Photographing Your Visual Observations /$cMA. Petermann.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b7
=520  3\$aLight can play tricks on your eyes. Deficiencies that are observable at 1:00 PM are not necessarily observable at 3:00 PM. Depending on the nature of the light, sunlight vs. daylight, an inspector may or may not observe a bowing stone panel. Depending on the building facade material, configuration, or texture, light may or may not illuminate a facade deficiency. Ornate facades cast shadows in sunlight. A crack or spall can be lurking in those shadows. The inspector's choice of binoculars, experience, and possibly his psychological disposition may influence whether or not he observes an existing facade deficiency. Recognizing the deficiency may truly be a challenge, but photographing the deficiency may be a greater challenge. The crack or spall that lurks in the shadow on a sunny day may be nearly impossible to photograph. Excessive sunlight that reflects off the facade may wash out a photograph. Automatic cameras typically grab all surrounding light for a photograph, but this may be too much or too little depending upon the item to be photographed within the frame. The ability to set your camera manually may be necessary. This paper discusses the nature of light and suggestions for observing building facades and for recording deficiencies.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSun-baths.
=650  \0$aSolar radiation Physiological effect.
=650  \0$aBorescope.
=650  \0$aFacade ordinance.
=650  \0$aDaylight.
=650  \0$aLight.
=650  \0$aSunlight.
=650  \0$aTangential light.
=650  \0$aShadow.
=650  14$aLight.
=650  24$aSunlight.
=650  24$aDaylight.
=650  24$aTangential light.
=650  24$aBorescope.
=650  24$aSingle reflex lens cameras.
=650  24$aShade.
=650  24$aShadow.
=650  24$aFacade ordinance.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11161.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11165
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11165$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11165$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aHV6533.N8
=082  04$a364.1/523/09756186$223
=100  1\$aMcGinley, WM.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFacade Inspections a Must for Both New and Old Buildings—A Case Study of Two High Rise Structures /$cWM. McGinley, CL. Ernest.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b4
=520  3\$aTo the untrained eye of a nonprofessional and even to the trained eye of many professionals, it is not uncommon for casual observance of the facade of a high-rise structure to suggest all is well. However, one must look deeper to uncover obscure telltale signs that may reveal underlying problems of great significance. Two case studies illustrate that what is not readily obvious may be critical to public safety in facade inspection. These two studies include a 20-story building built in the mid 1920s with a steel frame and masonry cladding that had developed vertical cracking extending up the corners and a 29-story building barely a decade old which signaled distress when a panel of brick masonry veneer fell to the sidewalk below.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMurder.
=650  \0$aFacade.
=650  \0$aBuilding.
=650  \0$aCladding.
=650  \0$aInspection.
=650  \0$aCase studies.
=650  \0$aFailures.
=650  \0$aMasonry.
=650  14$aBuilding.
=650  24$aFacade.
=650  24$aInspection.
=650  24$aCladding.
=650  24$aMasonry.
=650  24$aFailures.
=650  24$aCase studies.
=700  1\$aErnest, CL.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11165.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11172
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11172$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11172$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.26
=082  04$a620.112$223
=100  1\$aSchwartz, TA.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aGlass Facade Assessment /$cTA. Schwartz.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references.
=520  3\$aGlass is the most widely used building facade material. No other material matches its combination of optical clarity, durability, economy, and ability to control light and heat transfer. Despite these attractive properties, the inherent brittleness and potentially dangerous fracture characteristics of glass will continue to challenge cladding designers and building owners. Since glass makes up such a substantial portion of contemporary building facades, the economic consequences of poor glass performance are significant.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHeat resistant materials.
=650  \0$aAnnealed.
=650  \0$aFully tempered.
=650  \0$aHeat-strengthened.
=650  \0$aLaminated.
=650  \0$aCoating.
=650  \0$aHermetic seal.
=650  \0$aInterlayer.
=650  \0$aFrost point.
=650  14$aAnnealed.
=650  24$aFully tempered.
=650  24$aHeat-strengthened.
=650  24$aLaminated.
=650  24$aHermetic seal.
=650  24$aInterlayer.
=650  24$aEtch.
=650  24$aGASP.
=650  24$aCoating.
=650  24$aFrost point.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11172.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11202
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11202$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11202$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP1180.P653
=082  04$a615/.19$223
=100  1\$aSprecher, CM.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aGeneralized Size and Shape Description of UHMWPE Wear Debris — A Comparison of Cross-Linked, Enhanced Fused, and Standard Polyethylene Particles /$cCM. Sprecher, E. Schneider, MA. Wimmer.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b24
=520  3\$aReleased wear debris of implants causes local inflammation of the host tissue if it is in a phagocytosable size. The purpose of this study was to compare particle size, shape, and number of three different types of UHMWPE. After wear testing, particles were isolated from the serum and analyzed using SEM. The parameters ‘equivalent circle diameter’ (ECD) and ‘equivalent shape ratio’ (ESR) were determined. Most of the generated debris was sub-micron in size. Classifying the particles into size groups demonstrated a non-linear correlation between size and shape for all three types of polyethylene: small particles were more round, large particles were more elongated. Based on this relationship, the generated number of particles and their total surface area were estimated and compared with calculations based on size alone.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPolyethylene glycol.
=650  \0$aProtein drugs.
=650  \0$aPharmacy.
=650  \0$aPolyethylene.
=650  \0$aHip prostheses.
=650  14$aWear.
=650  24$aParticle characterization.
=650  24$aPolyethylene.
=650  24$aHip prostheses.
=700  1\$aSchneider, E.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWimmer, MA.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11202.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11207
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11207$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11207$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTL795.5
=082  04$a629.4/16$223
=100  1\$aBragdon, CR.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDevelopment of a Model for Testing Third Body Wear of UHMWPE Acetabular Components /$cCR. Bragdon, D. O'Connor, OK. Muratoglu, WH. Harris.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aThe purpose of this paper is to describe the development of a new wear test protocol utilizing third body particulate debris in order to assess conventional and highly cross-linked polyethylene components. A series of tests were performed using the Boston Hip Simulator to evaluate different types of particles for possible use. Modifications to the simulator are described which ensure that the third body particles can be maintained in suspension. In this series of studies, alumina particles in a concentration of 0.15mg/cc appeared to provide the most effective challenge to the wear resistance of UHMWPE while at the same time not creating unrealistic destruction to the femoral head. In all of the experiments, under all conditions, the WIAM highly crosslinked polyethylene acetabular components resisted the effects of the third body particles and the concomitant changes in the femoral heads distinctly better than the conventional UHMWPE.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSpace debris.
=650  \0$aMeteoroids.
=650  \0$aCrosslinked.
=650  \0$aPolyethylene.
=650  \0$aSimulator.
=650  \0$aWear.
=650  \0$aDebris.
=650  \0$aThird body.
=650  14$aPolyethylene.
=650  24$aCrosslinked.
=650  24$aWear.
=650  24$aThird body.
=650  24$aSimulator.
=650  24$aDebris.
=700  1\$aO'Connor, D.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMuratoglu, OK.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHarris, WH.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11207.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11217
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11217$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11217$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRD737
=082  04$a617.47 MED$223
=100  1\$aGreer, KW.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Effects of Raw Material, Irradiation Dose, and Irradiation Source on Crosslinking of UHMWPE /$cKW. Greer, RS. King, FW. Chan.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aFour Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) materials were evaluated after various irradiation crosslinking processes to determine the effects of the materials and processes on their properties for orthopaedic applications. The materials and processes included two molecular weight materials (GUR 1020 and GUR 1050), two fabricated forms (ram extruded bar and compression-molded sheet), two irradiation sources (gamma and e-beam) and multiple irradiation doses ranging from 30–120 kGy. Increasing irradiation dose led to increased crosslinking, decreased wear, and decreased toughness. The molecular weight of the starting material and the irradiation source both had effects on the final properties while the fabricated form did not. Wear testing of selected groups indicated that there was a direct correlation with irradiation dose but not with the crosslink density (as calculated from the swell ratio)
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aorthopaedic medical devices.
=650  \0$aGunshot wounds.
=650  \0$aMedicine, Military.
=650  \0$aCrosslinking.
=650  \0$aWear testing.
=650  \0$aE-beam irradiation.
=650  \0$aGamma irradiation.
=650  \0$aTensile properties.
=650  \0$aIzod impact.
=650  \0$aDensity.
=650  14$aUltra-high molecular weight polyethylene.
=650  24$aGamma irradiation.
=650  24$aE-beam irradiation.
=650  24$aCrosslinking.
=650  24$aFourier-Transform infrared analysis.
=650  24$aDensity.
=650  24$aTensile properties.
=650  24$aIzod impact.
=650  24$aWear testing.
=650  24$aOrthopaedic medical devices.
=650  24$aTotal joint replacement.
=700  1\$aKing, RS.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aChan, FW.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11217.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11218
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11218$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11218$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQL116
=082  04$a591.9095$223
=100  1\$aVillarraga, ML.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMultiaxial Fatigue Behavior of Oxidized and Unoxidized UHMWPE During Cyclic Small Punch Testing at Body Temperature /$cML. Villarraga, AA. Edidin, M. Herr, SM. Kurtz.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (19 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b39
=520  3\$aWe hypothesized that oxidation would influence the resistance to fatigue crack initiation and propagation of Ultra-High molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE). We subjected tibial insert surrogates (ram extruded GUR 1050) to accelerated aging protocols following ASTM F 2003-00 (14, 21 and 28 days). Subsurface disc specimens from the control and aged materials at each time period were subjected to cyclic small punch loading to failure (modification of ASTM F 2183-02). A significant decrease in fatigue loading was observed, relative to the un-aged controls, starting at three weeks of accelerated aging. Furthermore, SEM examination of the failed aged specimens revealed a network of multiple secondary initiation sites, which was also confirmed by observation with endoscopy, and microCT. Thus, in contrast to the unoxidized highly crosslinked conventional materials evaluated previously, the oxidized materials failed by the initiation and propagation of cracks from numerous initiation sites with the brittle appearance increasing with oxidation time. These results suggest that oxidized UHMWPE exhibits a different fatigue crack initiation and propagation behavior compared to unoxidized virgin, and crosslinked UHMWPE. Future studies will be needed to increase our understanding of the clinically acceptable fatigue properties for new tibial bearing materials, such as highly crosslinked UHMWPEs.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHeat Physiological effect.
=650  \0$aDesert Climate.
=650  \0$aBody temperature.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aAccelerated aging.
=650  \0$aCrosslinking.
=650  \0$aCyclic loading.
=650  \0$aOxidative degradation.
=650  14$aUltra-high molecular weight polyethylene.
=650  24$aUHMWPE.
=650  24$aFatigue.
=650  24$aCrosslinking.
=650  24$aOxidative degradation.
=650  24$aAccelerated aging.
=650  24$aCyclic loading.
=650  24$aBody temperature.
=700  1\$aEdidin, AA.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHerr, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKurtz, SM.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11218.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11243
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11243$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11243$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN775
=082  04$a673.3$223
=100  1\$aMuroga, T.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMicrostructure Response in Copper and Copper Alloys Irradiated with Fission Neutrons with Controlled Temperature Variations /$cT. Muroga, H. Watanabe.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aThe effects of temperature variation on microstructural evolution were investigated for Cu, Cu-5Ni, Cu-3.5Zn, and Cu-5Ni-2Zn irradiated in JMTR and HFIR. The low temperature pre-irradiation at 477 K to 533 K was shown not to influence microstructural evolution significantly during the following irradiation at 613 K to 693 K. On the other hand, downward temperature shift during irradiation was shown to produce void formation in Cu and Cu-3.5Zn. The mechanism of the temperature variation effects was discussed based on the defect properties and the details of the temperature transient history during irradiation.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAluminiumbronze.
=650  \0$aMicrostructure.
=650  \0$aNeutron irradiation.
=650  \0$aCopper.
=650  \0$aCopper alloys.
=650  14$aMicrostructure.
=650  24$aNeutron irradiation.
=650  24$aTemperature variation effects.
=650  24$aCopper.
=650  24$aCopper alloys.
=700  1\$aWatanabe, H.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11243.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11246
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11246$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11246$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTD1060
=082  04$a628.1/68$223
=100  1\$aEnglish, CA.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCritical Review of Through-Wall Attenuation of Mechanical Properties in RPV Steels /$cCA. English, WL. Server, ST. Rosinski.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (23 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b18
=520  3\$aThis paper reviews the current state of knowledge on attenuation of damage parameters in reactor pressure vessels (RPVs). There are two methods for evaluating attenuation of properties through a reactor pressure vessel wall. The first is by direct measurement of the change in mechanical properties from decommissioned RPV sections or from simulated RPV wall experiments. It is shown that, although this approach is appealing, issues associated with knowledge of the start-of-life properties throughout the vessel wall sample and material property data scatter have made past measurements non-definitive in establishing attenuation changes. There is a need for further data on the direct measurement of attenuation, and an experiment is described, that is planned in 2002 under IAEA sponsorship. An alternative method for evaluating embrittlement is the use of a neutron damage exposure parameter and attenuation model coupled with an embrittlement correlation developed from surveillance capsule testing. The significant change in neutron flux spectrum when neutrons are attenuated through the RPV wall defines the need for a suitable neutron exposure damage parameter. The best available neutron exposure damage parameter is dpa. It is shown that plant-specific calculation of dpa through the RPV wall is the best method to be used for the neutron exposure. However, it can lead to slightly less attenuated values for damage at ¼-T and ¾-T for the vessel, as compared to using the simple exponential model quoted in Regulatory Guide 1.99, Rev. 2. Finally it is concluded that when using a surveillance correlation model to predict the attenuation of mechanical properties through the RPV wall, the use of a mechanistically guided model appears to be more appropriate than the embrittlement correlation provided in Regulatory Guide 1.99, Revision 2.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aGroundwater.
=650  \0$aAttenuation.
=650  \0$aRPV embrittlement.
=650  14$aRPV embrittlement.
=650  24$aAttenuation.
=650  24$aDose-damage correlations.
=650  24$aDpa.
=700  1\$aServer, WL.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRosinski, ST.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11246.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11252
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11252$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11252$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA404.2
=082  04$a620.1/1$223
=100  1\$aAllen, TR.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aProperties of 20% Cold-Worked 316 Stainless Steel Irradiated at Low Dose Rate /$cTR. Allen, H. Tsai, JI. Cole, J. Ohta, K. Dohi, H. Kusanagi.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aTo assess the effects of long-term, low-dose-rate neutron exposure, tensile, hardness, and fracture properties were measured, and microstructural characterization was performed on irradiated 20% cold-worked Type 316 stainless steel. Samples were prepared from reactor core components retrieved from the EBR-II reactor following final shutdown. Sample locations were chosen to cover a dose range of 1–56 dpa at temperatures from 371–390°C and dose rates from 0.8–3.3 × 10−7 dpa/s. Irradiation caused hardening, with the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) reaching about 800 MPa near 20 dpa and appearing to saturate at higher doses. The yield strength (YS) follows approximately the same trend as the ultimate tensile strength. The work-hardening capability of the material decreases with increasing dose. While the material retained respectable ductility at 20 dpa, the uniform and total elongation decreased to <1 and <3%, respectively, at 47 dpa. Fracture in the 30 dpa specimen is mainly ductile but with local regions of mixed-mode failure, consisting mainly of dimples and microvoids. The fracture surface of the higher-exposure 47 dpa specimen displays more brittle features. Changes in yield strength predicted from the microstructural components are roughly consistent with the measured changes in yield strength.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMorphology.
=650  \0$aMaterials Research.
=650  \0$aMicrostructure.
=650  \0$aStainless steel.
=650  \0$aIrradiation effects.
=650  \0$aMechanical properties.
=650  \0$aTransmission electron microscopy.
=650  14$aMechanical properties.
=650  24$aIrradiation effects.
=650  24$aMicrostructure.
=650  24$aTransmission electron microscopy.
=650  24$aStainless steel.
=700  1\$aTsai, H.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aCole, JI.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aOhta, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDohi, K.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKusanagi, H.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11252.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11258
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11258$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11258$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD921
=082  04$a548.5$223
=100  1\$aGrossbeck, ML.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCreep Deformation in V-4Cr-4Ti in a Low-Oxygen Lithium Environment /$cML. Grossbeck.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b21
=520  3\$aVanadium alloys, especially V-Cr-Ti alloys, are candidates for first wall and blanket structures of fusion reactors. However, a major vulnerability of this class of alloys is the affinity for oxygen and other interstitial solutes. Oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, and hydrogen can severely harden and embrittle vanadium alloys. Oxygen is particularly troublesome because of its prevalence and its relatively high diffusivity. In determining creep behavior, the effects of oxygen must be understood. In the present study, specimens, in the form of pressurized tubes, were exposed to liquid lithium, the coolant of choice for vanadium systems, at temperatures of 665, 765, and 800°C. Under these conditions, oxygen is removed from the vanadium alloy by the lithium. The data produced were compared with data from similar specimens tested in a high vacuum environment, where the oxygen level in the alloy is expected to slowly increase, at Pacific Northwest National Laboratory in order to evaluate the effect of oxygen. The Li-exposure resulted in higher creep rates and shorter rupture times. The effect was most clear at 800°C, where deformations 4–6 times higher were observed for the Li-exposed specimens.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMetal crystals.
=650  \0$aElectric properties.
=650  \0$aLithium.
=650  \0$aVanadium.
=650  \0$aFusion.
=650  14$aVanadium.
=650  24$aLithium.
=650  24$aCreep.
=650  24$aFusion.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11258.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11279
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11279$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11279$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD181.H4
=082  04$a546/.751$223
=100  1\$aKadyrzhanov, KK.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMartensitic Transformations in Neutron Irradiated and Helium Implanted Stainless Steels /$cKK. Kadyrzhanov, OP. Maksimkin.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b19
=520  3\$aResults of experiments aimed at revealing the phase-structure stability as well as mechanisms of the mechanical property changes formation in austenitic chrome-nickel and manganese steels irradiated with high-energy nuclear particles and subjected to elevated temperatures are presented and discussed. Influence of the phase-structure transformations on radiation hardening and embrittlement of steels used in nuclear power industry is analyzed. Change in the experimentally determined “true” values of critical strains and peculiarities of the α'-phase initiation in deformed steels Cr18Ni9Ti, 12Cr18Ni10Ti as a function of temperature and deformation rate, type and fluence of the bombarding particles are discussed. Influence of irradiation on the martensitic structure morphology, critical γ→α' transformation parameters, and thermal effects accompanying the nondiffusion phase transformation is analyzed. The revealed effects are discussed in terms of the internal strength field changes due to thermal and radiation effects.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aChemistry Inorganic.
=650  \0$aBeryllium coated.
=650  \0$aHelium.
=650  \0$aMechanical properties.
=650  14$aAustenitic stainless steel.
=650  24$aMechanical properties.
=650  24$aMartensite transformation.
=650  24$aHelium.
=650  24$aBeryllium coated.
=700  1\$aMaksimkin, OP.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11279.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11291
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11291$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11291$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aHV883.C2
=082  04$a362.7/6/092$223
=100  1\$aCrawford, BJ.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aIntimidation in Ice Hockey :$bAn Exploratory Assessment /$cBJ. Crawford, MJ. Stuart, AM. Smith, RD. Brennan.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b24
=520  3\$aThe purpose of this investigation was to examine the components of intimidation in ice hockey and to determine their effects on players, coaches, and referees. In a pilot test, hockey coaches (N = 17) from three levels of participation were invited to an informal, exploratory symposium to assess their opinions on the role of intimidation in ice hockey. The following themes emerged: a) coaches' behavior and expectations, b) observable behavior, c) player's perceived role, and d) sociological factors. A preliminary intimidation model was developed. A survey including 80 open-ended questionnaires designed to stimulate discussion on the definition of intimidation, methods used to intimidate, and factors perceived as intimidating, was distributed to players (N = 66), coaches (N = 8), and referees (N = 6). The data were analyzed using qualitative methods [1,2] and intimidation was defined. Results support a theoretical model, which serves as a point of departure for future research and visually depicts the components of intimidation and their interactions.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAbused children.
=650  \0$aFamily violence.
=650  \0$aDomestic violence.
=650  \0$aViolence.
=650  \0$aAggression.
=650  \0$aIntimidation.
=650  \0$aIce hockey.
=650  14$aIce hockey.
=650  24$aIntimidation.
=650  24$aAggression.
=650  24$aViolence.
=700  1\$aStuart, MJ.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSmith, AM.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBrennan, RD.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11291.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11293
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11293$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11293$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRC387.5
=082  04$a617.4/81044$223
=100  1\$aStuart, MJ.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Power of the Denominator :$bA Proposal for More Comprehensive Modeling of Risk Factors in Ice Hockey Injuries /$cMJ. Stuart, AM. Smith, DR. Larson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b14
=520  3\$aIn the sport of ice hockey, the incidence of injury has been investigated at multiple levels of participation based on collective player exposure, which assumes equal playing time among participants. However, playing time varies enormously between individual players on a given team because of variability in the number and length of shifts. Individual player monitoring, although laborintensive, more accurately identifies risk factors for sustaining injuries. Specific player exposure data are necessary for detailed analysis of factors such as style of play, illegal activities, equipment, player size, and officiating. In addition, prospective, uniform and accurate collection of exposure data may permit meaningful comparison of injury rates between levels of participation in ice hockey and also among different sports. Refinement of data collection tools that determine individual player injury exposure will increase the power of the denominator and facilitate prevention of ice hockey injuries.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBrain Injury, Chronic.
=650  \0$aCognition Disorders.
=650  \0$aInjury risk.
=650  \0$aPopulation-at-risk.
=650  \0$aStatistical methods.
=650  14$aInjury risk.
=650  24$aStatistical methods.
=650  24$aPopulation-at-risk.
=700  1\$aSmith, AM.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLarson, DR.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11293.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11302
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11302$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11302$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aKK7130
=082  04$a345.430233$223
=100  1\$aMontelpare, WJ.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMeasuring the Effects of Initiating Body Checking at the Atom Age Level /$cWJ. Montelpare, MN. McPherson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aThe purpose of this study was to determine the effects of initiating body checking at the Atom age level. The study used an experimental design in which teams from the Ottawa District Minor Hockey Association (ODMHA) represented the control group, while teams from the Ontario Hockey Federation (OHF) represented the treatment group. The study was conducted over a 3-year period from 1998 to 2001. The comparison sampling between the two leagues was as follows: ODMHA Yr1 = 69 teams versus OHF Yr1 = 74 teams, ODMHA Yr2 = 59 teams versus OHF Yr2 = 101 teams, ODMHA Yr3 = 46 teams versus OHF Yr3 = 90 teams. Measures of interest reported here included player selection bias, injury incidence, and variables that describe the characteristics of the flow of the game such as goals for, goals against, and number of penalties. Athlete exposures for each league by year were computed using 15 players per team for a 20 game plus 20 practice schedule. Statistical analysis of the difference in proportions of injuries reported by the two leagues based on the CHA injury insurance dataset showed that no significant difference occurred per year of the study. In addition, the rates of injuries were lower in each year than those reported by previously published studies. Body checking, which includes body contact is considered by many to be a skill within the game of ice hockey that can be taught at the younger age levels in a manner that does not lead to a higher incidence of injuries, or unfavorable changes in the game. The results of this study support that contention. In the present study, it was assumed that education was an essential component of the introduction process and that coaches were provided the necessary background to enable them to teach the introduction of body checking as a skill.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aTax penalties.
=650  \0$aPresumptions (Law)
=650  \0$aBody checking.
=650  \0$aInjuries.
=650  \0$aPenalties.
=650  \0$aGoals for/against.
=650  \0$aRelative age effect.
=650  14$aBody checking.
=650  24$aInjuries.
=650  24$aRelative age effect.
=650  24$aPenalties.
=650  24$aGoals for/against.
=700  1\$aMcPherson, MN.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11302.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11305
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11305$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11305$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aGV848.4.C89
=082  04$a796.966$223
=100  1\$aSmith, AM.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPsychophysiologic Factors and Performance in Ice Hockey Goalies During Competition /$cAM. Smith, SB. Finnie, MJ. Stuart, J. Meis, KM. Beaver, ER. Laskowski, WF. Young.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (17 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b46
=520  3\$aStudying goalies, who play a key position in hockey requires examining psychophysiologic variables and their relationship to performance during games when the outcome is important [15]. This investigation tested all three aspects of emotion (subjective, physiologic changes, and performance). Nine male goalies completed questionnaires and provided salivary cortisol before, during, and after each game. Heart rate (ECG signal) was integrated with the goalie's performance video. Goalies rated on Likert Scales; headaches, stomach aches, insomnia, nervousness, and awareness of heart pounding. Data from 16 games were obtained. Of nine, two goalies provided data on three games each; one goalie was classified as a responder and the other a non-responder, based on salivary cortisol levels (SCL). The responder's SCL increased 572 % between baseline and post-period assessments, whereas SCL in the non-responder increased 50 % above baseline. The responder's SCL increased eight times baseline when he faced 16 shots in a period. The responder goalie's game heart rates (HRs) were 160, 152, and 167 beats per minute (bpm) and the non-responder's HRs were 147, 132, and 142 bpm for three games. Game performance was similar for both goalies.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSports.
=650  \0$aPerformance.
=650  \0$aGoalies.
=650  \0$aIce hockey.
=650  14$aGoalies.
=650  24$aIce hockey.
=650  24$aPsychophysiologic response.
=650  24$aGames.
=650  24$aPerformance.
=700  1\$aFinnie, SB.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aStuart, MJ.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMeis, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBeaver, KM.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLaskowski, ER.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aYoung, WF.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11305.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11312
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11312$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11312$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTL1490
=082  04$a629.4/16$223
=100  1\$aSokolov, MA.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFracture Toughness and Atom Probe Characterization of a Highly Embrittled RPV Weld /$cMA. Sokolov, RK. Nanstad, MK. Miller.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aThe Heavy-Section Steel Irradiation Program at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) includes a task to investigate the shape of the fracture toughness master curve for reactor pressure vessel steel highly embrittled as a consequence of irradiation exposure. A radiation-sensitive reactor pressure vessel (RPV) weld with intentionally enhanced copper content, designed KS-01, is characterized in terms of static initiation (KIc, KJc) and Charpy impact toughness in the unirradiated and irradiated conditions. The objective of this project is to investigate the ability of highly embrittled material to maintain the shape of the unirradiated transition fracture toughness curve, as well as to examine the ability of the Charpy 41-J shift to predict the fracture toughness shift at such a high level of embrittlement. Irradiation of this weld was performed at the University of Michigan Ford Reactor. Specimens of KS-01 weld were irradiated to about 0.74 × 1019 neutron/cm2 at 288°C. Irradiation resulted in Charpy ductile-to-brittle transition temperature (DBTT) shift of 169°C. It was anticipated that this shift would result in a fracture toughness transition temperature (at 100 MPa√m) in the irradiated condition near or slightly above the pressurized thermal shock screening criterion for weld metals, ToPTS = 129°C. The fracture toughness characterization of KS-01 weld in the unirradiated and irradiated conditions was mainly performed by testing 1T C(T), although some 0.5T C(T) and precracked Charpy specimens were used in this study. The master curve analysis showed that this material exhibited shift of reference fracture toughness transition temperature, To, of 165°C as result of radiation, which is in remarkable agreement with Charpy DBTT shift. The absolute value of To in the irradiated condition was determined to be equal to 139°C. This weld exhibited a low ductile initiation toughness (JQ) after irradiation. It left a relatively narrow temperature window to examine the shape of the transition region. Irradiated median fracture toughness values up to 148 MPa√m follow the master curve shape. However, low toughness brittle fractures occurred at temperatures further above To (To + 61°C) than expected with a leveling of the KJc data from the master curve shape. The microstructure of the weld was characterized with the ORNL's energy-compensated optical position-sensitive atom probe. Atom probe tomography revealed a high number density (∼3 × 1024 m−3) of Cu-, Mn-, Ni-, Si-, and P-enriched precipitates and a lower number density (∼1 × 1023 m−3) of P clusters.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aradiation.
=650  \0$aSpace stations.
=650  \0$aAtom probe.
=650  \0$aMaster curve.
=650  \0$aFracture toughness.
=650  \0$aPrecipitates.
=650  \0$aCharpy.
=650  14$aFracture toughness.
=650  24$aRadiation embrittlement.
=650  24$aCharpy.
=650  24$aTo.
=650  24$aAtom probe.
=650  24$aPrecipitates.
=650  24$aMaster curve.
=650  24$aJIc.
=650  24$aReactor pressure vessel.
=700  1\$aNanstad, RK.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMiller, MK.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11312.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11315
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11315$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11315$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA460
=082  04$a620.11$223
=100  1\$aHall, JB.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffect of Stress Relief Time on the Transition Temperature of Linde 80 Welds /$cJB. Hall, KK. Yoon.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b15
=520  3\$aThe Babcock & Wilcox Company used Mn-Mo-Ni automatic submerged-arc welds with the Linde 80 flux type for the fabrication of 14 currently operating PWR reactor vessels. Due to the fact that the weld wire was copper-coated (high copper content) and that they have low upper-shelf toughness properties, the welds are limiting with respect to pressurized thermal shock analysis. The welds (reactor vessel, surveillance, and nozzle dropouts) were exposed to stress relief times (postweld heat treatment) ranging from 10–53 h between 593°C (1100°F) and 621°C (1150°F). In analyzing recently acquired master curve reference temperature data (ASTM E1921), it was discovered that there is a stress relief time effect on the transition temperature. The stress relief time effect can be seen in the drop weight TNDT data, but its effect is less clear in the 41 J (30ft-lb) Charpy impact data. In addition, the stress relief time has an effect on yield stress. The stress relief time may have an effect on the irradiation embrittlement of the welds, but the trend is not conclusive. Since there is an effect of stress relief time on the initial transition temperature, it is felt that it is important to test surveillance welds with similar stress relief times as the vessel welds that are being evaluated. Surveillance welds with longer stress relief times can be used to conservatively represent the vessel welds.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSteel Corrosion.
=650  \0$aLinde 80.
=650  \0$aStress relief time.
=650  \0$aReactor vessel.
=650  \0$aCopper precipitation.
=650  \0$aNeutron irradiation.
=650  \0$aSubmerged-arc welds.
=650  \0$aEmbrittlement.
=650  14$aLinde 80.
=650  24$aReactor vessel.
=650  24$aStress relief time.
=650  24$aPostweld heat treatment.
=650  24$aTransition temperature.
=650  24$aSubmerged-arc welds.
=650  24$aNeutron irradiation.
=650  24$aEmbrittlement.
=650  24$aCopper precipitation.
=700  1\$aYoon, KK.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11315.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11316
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11316$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11316$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK9207.5
=082  04$a621.48/332$223
=100  1\$aZu, XT.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffect of Ion Irradiation on Microstructure and Hardness in Zircaloy-4 /$cXT. Zu, M. Atzmon, LM. Wang, LP. You, FR. Wan, GS. Was, RB. Adamson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b21
=520  3\$aIn studies of radiation effects on materials for reactor applications, it is desirable to identify irradiation methods that induce microstructural effects similar to those of neutrons, but at reduced time and expense. In the present study, 2 MeV protons were used to introduce up to seven displacements per atom in Zircaloy 4 at 350°C. The effect on the intermetallic precipitates, the formation of dislocation loops and hardness were investigated by analytical and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In addition, the precipitate evolution during 600 keV Ne ion irradiation at 350°C was monitored by in situ TEM. The results are compared with literature data for neutron-irradiated Zircaloy. While Ne irradiation leads to precipitate amorphization, no amorphization or chemical redistribution is observed in the proton-irradiated sample. The dislocation-loop size and density in the Zr matrix of the proton-irradiated alloy are similar to those in the neutron-irradiated alloys.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aNuclear fuel claddings Congresses.
=650  \0$aZirconium alloys.
=650  \0$aAmorphization.
=650  \0$aHardness.
=650  \0$aPrecipitates.
=650  \0$aTransmission electron microscopy.
=650  \0$aZircaloy.
=650  14$aZircaloy.
=650  24$aTransmission electron microscopy.
=650  24$aPrecipitates.
=650  24$aAmorphization.
=650  24$aHardness.
=700  1\$aAtzmon, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWang, LM.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aYou, LP.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWan, FR.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWas, GS.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAdamson, RB.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11316.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11317
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11317$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11317$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA479.S7
=082  04$a620.1/7$223
=100  1\$aBusby, JT.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Role of Fine Defect Clusters in Irradiation-Assisted Stress Corrosion Cracking of Proton-Irradiated 304 Stainless Steel /$cJT. Busby, MM. Sowa, GS. Was, EA. Kenik.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b21
=520  3\$aThe influence of small defect clusters on irradiation-assisted stress corrosion cracking (IASCC) of austenitic stainless steels has been examined. A CP-304 SS alloy was irradiated with 3.2 MeV protons to 1.0 dpa at 360°C and then annealed for 45 min. to 1 h at temperatures ranging from 400–600°C. Dislocation microstructure was analyzed using both bright field and dark field techniques and cracking susceptibility was measured in an oxygenated water environment. Intergranular cracking was mitigated following annealing at 500°C/45 min. while only the smallest dislocation loops had been removed. Analysis of the slip step bands on the surface of deformed samples indicates that deformation mode may be important in determining cracking susceptibility. Low-temperature irradiation (< 75°C) was also used to create a high population of small defects without radiation-induced segregation. Samples were then annealed at 350°C for 8 or 15 min. to grow the dislocation loop microstructure, resulting in an irradiated hardness similar to the 1.0 dpa at 360°C case. No segregation was measured in the asirradiated specimens. The change in hardness resulting from 0.3 dpa at 75°C was 73.8 kg/mm2, greater than that for 1.0 dpa at 360°C. Following annealing at 350°C for 8 min., the change in hardness was reduced to 60.8 kg/mm2, similar to 1.0 dpa at 360°C (65.3 kg/mm2). Samples were also strained to 29.6 % strain in an oxygenated water environment at 288°C. No cracking was observed on any specimen. The small defect damage may have been annealed during the constant extension rate test.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBuilding materials.
=650  \0$aMicrostructure.
=650  \0$aHardening.
=650  \0$aStainless steel.
=650  14$aStainless steel.
=650  24$aIASCC.
=650  24$aPost-irradiation annealing.
=650  24$aMicrostructure.
=650  24$aHardening.
=700  1\$aSowa, MM.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWas, GS.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKenik, EA.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11317.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11329
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11329$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11329$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA467
=082  04$a620.1/723$223
=100  1\$aLott, RG.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Technical Foundations of a Unified Adjusted Reference Temperature for RPV Fracture Toughness /$cRG. Lott, ST. Rosinski, WL. Server.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aThe use of a reference temperature to define the transition from ductile-to-brittle behavior is a well-established practice in reactor pressure vessel integrity analysis. Current procedures for analysis of irradiated pressure vessel steels use an Adjusted Reference Temperature (ART or RTPTS) that shift the unirradiated RTDNT value based on Charpy data and apply additional margins. The recent adoption of an ASTM Standard Test Method for Determination of Reference Temperature, To, for Ferritic Steels in the Transition Range (E 1921) has made direct determinations of fracture toughness reference temperature in irradiated materials using Master Curve feasible. ASME Code Case N629 recognizes the potential of this new technology as an alternative means of determining an ART value for use in reactor pressure vessel integrity analysis. This alternative approach has been used in recent plant specific submittals to the NRC. ASTM sub-committee E10.02 is currently considering adopting a standard to provide a unified definition of the Adjusted Reference Temperature. This unified definition would provide consistent procedures for using either RTNDT or Master Curve based definitions of ART. This unified definition would provide common margins for the two approaches and assure a consistent level of confidence in the analysis. The statistical basis of the Master Curve makes it possible to establish a more rational basis for the margins applied in both approaches.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aIron alloys Corrosion.
=650  \0$aSteel alloys Deterioration.
=650  \0$aEmbrittlement.
=650  \0$aIntegrity assessment.
=650  14$aEmbrittlement.
=650  24$aEmbrittlement correlation.
=650  24$aIntegrity assessment.
=700  1\$aRosinski, ST.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aServer, WL.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11329.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11334
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11334$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11334$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aKF5130.S9
=082  04$aKF5130.S8$223
=100  1\$aLi, M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFatigue Response and Life Prediction of Selected Reactor Materials /$cM. Li, JF. Stubbins.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b22
=520  3\$aThis paper analyzes experimental fatigue response for selected unirradiated and irradiated reactor materials: AISI 316 stainless steel, ferritic/martensitic MANET and HT9 steels. Available tensile test results on the same or similar materials are used to predict changes in fatigue response using the Universal Slopes method. The predictions are compared with the experimental data to assess the potential for using tensile data to predict reactor component fatigue response. It was found that the effect of irradiation on fatigue life was less severe than on tensile properties. However, tensile properties are useful for qualitative predictions of fatigue response.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$amartensitic steel.
=650  \0$aConstitutional law.
=650  \0$aFatigue response.
=650  \0$aRadiation exposure.
=650  \0$aTensile properties.
=650  \0$aUniversal Slopes.
=650  14$aRadiation exposure.
=650  24$aFatigue response.
=650  24$aTensile properties.
=650  24$aFatigue life prediction.
=650  24$aUniversal Slopes.
=650  24$aAustenitic stainless steel.
=650  24$aFerritic/martensitic steel.
=700  1\$aStubbins, JF.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11334.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11335
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11335$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11335$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP1180.P39
=082  04$a668/.374$223
=100  1\$aNogami, S.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMechanical and Structural Property Changes of Monolithic SiC and Advanced SiC/SiC Composites due to Low Temperature He+-Ion Irradiation and Post-Irradiation High Temperature Annealing /$cS. Nogami, S. Miwa, A. Hasegawa, K. Abe.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aThe hardness and elastic modulus of monolithic β-SiC and advanced SiC/SiC composites irradiated to He-concentrations of from 1000 to 20 000 at.ppm at a temperature below 100°C were investigated. Changes in the hardness and elastic modulus were correlated with He release behavior and with irradiation-induced microstructural changes and swelling. The hardness and elastic modulus of the irradiated specimens decreased with He concentration. Amorphized regions were observed in the He-irradiated monolithic β-SiC. The mechanical property changes likely were due to irradiation-induced amorphization. By the annealing at 1200°C, nearly full recovery was achieved. He release peaks from the pyrolitic graphite, monolithic SiC, and the SiC/SiC composites at 250, 700, 1000, and 1150°C, were identified. The correlation between the mechanical property and microstructural changes and the He release behavior are discussed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$athermal.
=650  \0$aThermosetting composites.
=650  \0$aMicrostructure.
=650  \0$aSiC/SiC composite.
=650  \0$aHelium.
=650  \0$aIon irradiation.
=650  \0$aNano-indentation.
=650  \0$aThermal desorption.
=650  14$aSiC/SiC composite.
=650  24$aHelium.
=650  24$aIon irradiation.
=650  24$aNano-indentation.
=650  24$aMicrostructure.
=650  24$aThermal desorption.
=700  1\$aMiwa, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHasegawa, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAbe, K.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11335.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11337
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11337$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11337$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTD898.12.I2
=082  04$a621.48/38$223
=100  1\$aKlueh, RL.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffect of Heat Treatment and Tantalum on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Fe-9Cr-2W-0.25V Steel /$cRL. Klueh, N. Hashimoto, MA. Sokolov.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b18
=520  3\$aAn Fe-9Cr-2W-0.25V-0.07Ta-0.1C (9Cr-2WVTa) steel has a smaller prior-austenite grain size than this same composition without tantalum (9Cr-2WV) when the steels are given a similar heat treatment. Except for prior-austenite grain size, the microstructures of the steels are similar before irradiation, and they develop similar changes in microstructure during irradiation. Nevertheless, the 9Cr-2WVTa shows less effect of irradiation on the Charpy behavior. To determine the effect of grain size on the Charpy properties of the 9Cr-2WV and 9Cr-2WVTa, specimens of the two steels were given various normalization heat treatments to produce different prior austenite grain sizes, and the tensile and impact properties were determined. For the smaller prior-austenite grain sizes, the 9Cr-2WV steel had impact properties similar to or better than those of the 9Cr-2WVTa steel. Differences in the microstructures of the steels were used to explain the observations and what they mean for developing steels with improved properties.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aRadioactive wastes.
=650  \0$aImpact properties.
=650  \0$aTensile properties.
=650  \0$aHeat treatment.
=650  14$aFerritic/martensitic steels.
=650  24$aTensile properties.
=650  24$aImpact properties.
=650  24$aPrior-austenite grain size.
=650  24$aHeat treatment.
=700  1\$aHashimoto, N.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSokolov, MA.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11337.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11342
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11342$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11342$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA711.5
=082  04$a624.1/51$223
=100  1\$aKonobeev, YV.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aIrradiation Creep and Swelling of Russian Ferritic-Martensitic Steels Irradiated to Very High Exposures in the BN-350 Fast Reactor at 305–335°C /$cYV. Konobeev, AM. Dvoriashin, SI. Porollo, SV. Shulepin, NI. Budylkin, EG. Mironova, FA. Garner.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b6
=520  3\$aRussian ferritic/martensitic (F/M) steels EP-450, EP-852, and EP-823 were irradiated in the BN-350 fast reactor in the form of gas-pressurized creep tubes. The first steel is used in Russia for hexagonal wrappers in fast reactors. The other steels were developed for compatibility with Pb-Bi coolants and serve to enhance our understanding of the general behavior of this class of steels.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSoil-structure interaction.
=650  \0$aSwelling soils.
=650  \0$aSwelling.
=650  \0$aIrradiation creep.
=650  14$aFerritic/martensitic steels.
=650  24$aIrradiation creep.
=650  24$aSwelling.
=700  1\$aDvoriashin, AM.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPorollo, SI.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aShulepin, SV.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBudylkin, NI.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMironova, EG.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGarner, FA.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11342.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11351
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11351$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11351$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQA402.5
=082  04$a519$223
=100  1\$aValo, M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDependence of Re-embrittlement Rate After Annealing on the Copper, Nickel and Phosphorus Contents in Model Alloys /$cM. Valo, U. Ehrnstén, J. Kohopää, L. Debarberis, A. Kryukov, R. Rintamaa.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b5
=520  3\$aIrradiation embrittlement rate as well as the re-embrittlement rate after annealing of pressure vessel steels can in general be described by the copper, phosphorus and nickel contents of the materials. In the current study embrittlement and re-embrittlement rate of 32 different model alloys were measured using sub-size CH-V specimens of dimensions 3 × 4 × 27 mm. The impurity and alloy elements of the model alloys were varied within the limits Cu: 0−1.0 wt-%, P = 0−0.040 wt-% and Ni: 0−2.0 wt-% relatively evenly. The specimens were originally irradiated in the high flux reactor in Petten into a neutron fluence of 0.3×1019n/cm2, E >1 MeV and re-irradiated after the annealing treatment in the Loviisa power reactor into a fluence of 1.0 × 1019n/cm2, E > 1 MeV. In the paper the irradiation and re-irradiation embrittlement rate has been modeled based on the Cu, P and Ni contents of the alloys. Re-irradiation rate was found to be clearly lower than the original irradiation rate except for small corner in the element space, i.e., no nickel, low copper and high phosphorus alloys. Phosphorus coefficient in the re-irradiation shift function is relatively two times higher than in the original irradiation shift function. Many of the alloys in the IAI-condition show intergranular type fracture (IGF). However, the effect of the change of the fracture mode from cleavage to IGF on transition temperature shift remains open. The dependence of irradiation embrittlement, annealing and re-embrittlement behavior on the copper, phosphorus and nickel contents is still not solved, one reason being the relatively limited variation of the key elements in the materials. Model alloys offer a good variation matrix of the elements even, if the measured data cannot be directly applied to real steels.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSimulated annealing.
=650  \0$aMachine theory.
=650  \0$aNeural computers.
=650  \0$aCleavage fracture.
=650  \0$aAnnealing.
=650  \0$aRe-embrittlement.
=650  \0$aSubsize CH-V test.
=650  14$aIrradiation embrittlement.
=650  24$aAnnealing.
=650  24$aRe-embrittlement.
=650  24$aSubsize CH-V test.
=650  24$aCleavage fracture.
=650  24$aIntergranular fracture.
=700  1\$aEhrnstén, U.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKohopää, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDebarberis, L.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKryukov, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRintamaa, R.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11351.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11355
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11355$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11355$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC721
=082  04$a539.7/213$223
=100  1\$aStoller, RE.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Effect of Neutron Flux on Radiation-Induced Embrittlement in Reactor Pressure Vessel Steels /$cRE. Stoller.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b22
=520  3\$aThe effect of neutron flux level is a longstanding concern for determining the applicability of test reactor data or high lead-factor surveillance data to the prediction of embrittlement in commercial reactor pressure vessels (RPV). However, as operating reactors reach higher fluences, the question of flux effects is becoming increasingly relevant for situations such as embrittlement attenuation through the (RPV) and the comparison of boiling and pressurized reactor RPVs. In spite of its technological importance and extensive experimental and theoretical investigation, the issue of neutron flux effects on radiation-induced embrittlement in RPV steels remains unresolved. For neutron fluxes much greater than RPV operating conditions (>100 times higher), a regime exists in which the effects of flux are well defined experimentally and are well predicted by current models. These same models predict that the effect of flux should be relatively weak for values near those obtained in commercial RPVs, but may increase at lower fluxes. However, it is difficult to obtain sufficient data at low to intermediate fluxes to unambiguously determine the effects of flux since the time required to reach the desired fluences is necessarily long. In order to demonstrate the potential effects of flux on RPV embrittlement, and to help interpret the available experiments, a kinetic embrittlement model has been used in an analysis of the primary variables involved. The results of the analysis are consistent with a modest effect of flux on embrittlement for fluxes near those typical of commercial RPVs.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aNeutron flux standards.
=650  \0$aNeutrons Measurement.
=650  \0$aRadiation damage.
=650  \0$aModeling.
=650  \0$aFerritic steels.
=650  \0$aPoint defects.
=650  \0$aPressure vessels.
=650  \0$aEmbrittlement.
=650  \0$aNeutron flux.
=650  14$aNeutron flux.
=650  24$aEmbrittlement.
=650  24$aFerritic steels.
=650  24$aModeling.
=650  24$aPoint defects.
=650  24$aPressure vessels.
=650  24$aRadiation damage.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11355.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11365
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11365$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11365$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRA1247.C65
=082  04$a615.9/02$223
=100  1\$aGreenwood, LR.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSurprisingly Large Generation and Retention of Helium and Hydrogen in Pure Nickel Irradiated at High Temperatures and High Neutron Exposures /$cLR. Greenwood, FA. Garner, BM. Oliver, ML. Grossbeck, WG. Wolfer.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aHydrogen and helium measurements in pure nickel irradiated to 100 dpa in HFIR at temperatures between 300 and 600°C show higher gas concentrations than predicted from fast-neutron reactions and the two-step 58Ni(n,γ)59Ni (n,p and n,α) reactions. This additional gas production suggests previously unidentified nuclear sources of helium and possibly hydrogen that assert themselves at very high neutron exposure. The elevated hydrogen measurements are especially surprising since it is generally accepted that hydrogen is very mobile in nickel at elevated temperatures and therefore is easily lost, never reaching large concentrations. However, it appears that relatively large hydrogen concentrations can be reached and retained for many years after irradiation at reactor-relevant temperatures. These new effects may have a significant impact on the performance of nickel-bearing alloys at high neutron fluences in both fission and fusion reactor irradiations.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHydrogen chloride.
=650  \0$aNitrogen dioxide.
=650  \0$aRockets (Aeronautics) Fuel Toxicology.
=650  \0$aNickel.
=650  \0$aHelium.
=650  \0$aHydrogen.
=650  14$aNickel.
=650  24$aHydrogen.
=650  24$aHelium.
=700  1\$aGarner, FA.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aOliver, BM.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGrossbeck, ML.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWolfer, WG.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11365.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11369
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11369$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11369$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA706
=082  04$a624.1/5132$223
=100  1\$aKimura, A.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aGrain Boundary Phosphorous Segregation and Its Influence on the Ductile Brittle Transition Temperature in Reactor Pressure Vessel Steels /$cA. Kimura, M. Shibata, R. Kasada, H. Nakata, K. Fujii, K. Fukuya.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aThe materials used for this work were two sorts of reactor pressure vessel (RPV) steels, which contain different amounts of phosphorous (P), namely 0.011 and 0.002 wt%. The specimens for Charpy V-notch (CVN) impact test, Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), and tensile test were thermally aged at 400, 450, and 500°C for 1000, 3000, and 5000 h. After the thermal aging, the AES specimens were broken in the AES chamber to measure the P concentration at grain boundaries. The AES measurements for as-received specimens were carried out following hydrogen charging so that grain boundary facets were available even without P segregation. The AES measurements revealed that the peak height ratio (PHR) of P/Fe at the grain boundaries of the high-P steel were 0.066, 0.141, and 0.120 in the specimens aged at 400°C for 3000 h, 450°C for 3000 h, and 500°C for 1000 h, respectively. The ductile-brittle transition temperature (DBTT) was measured for the aged specimens, and the ΔDBTT of 15K was observed only for the specimen aged at 450°C for 3000 h, although no changes in the hardness and tensile properties were observed. The grain boundary fracture ratio (GBFR) increased with increasing the PHR of P/Fe. Grain boundary fracture mode was located at the area close to the V-notch root. There was a good relationship among PHR, GBFR, and DBTT, indicating directly that the shift in the DBTT was due to grain boundary embrittlement caused by P segregation.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aRocks Fracture.
=650  \0$aHydrogeology.
=650  \0$aSynergistic effects.
=650  14$aGrain boundary fracture ratio.
=650  24$aDBTT shift.
=650  24$aGrain boundary phosphorous segregation.
=650  24$aNon-hardening embrittlement.
=650  24$aSynergistic effects.
=700  1\$aShibata, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKasada, R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNakata, H.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFujii, K.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFukuya, K.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11369.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11372
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11372$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11372$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA710
=082  04$a624.1/5136$223
=100  1\$aToloczko, MB.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aStress and Temperature Dependence of Irradiation Creep of Selected FCC and BCC Steels at Low Swelling /$cMB. Toloczko, FA. Garner.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b38
=520  3\$aA large amount of data on irradiation creep of face centered cubic (FCC) and body centered cubic (BCC) steels have been analyzed and published by the present authors, but a recent reanalysis of these data have provided further insight into irradiation creep behavior. The present paper looks at the stress and temperature dependence of creep at low swelling for selected 316 stainless steels and HT9 steels irradiated at temperatures from 400–670°C. Analysis of the creep data has revealed that a transition from a lower creep rate with a stress exponent of one to a higher creep rate with an unknown stress exponent occurs in FCC and BCC steels at moderate stresses, and the transition stress is approximately the same for both classes of steels. Due to limited data at higher stresses, the nature of the creep behavior at stresses greater than the transition stress cannot be unambiguously defined. One possibility is that the stress exponent is transitioning from a value of one to a value greater than one. Another possibility is that the creep compliance value is transitioning to a higher value while the stress exponent remains at a value of one. The creep compliance coefficients of the FCC and BCC steels have also been carefully reanalyzed in the regime where the stresses are lower than the transition stress, and in this regime there is a clear delineation in the creep compliance values between 316 stainless steels, titanium-modified 316 steels, and HT9 steels as a function of temperature.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSoil mechanics.
=650  \0$aSwelling soils.
=650  \0$aZone of aeration.
=650  \0$aSwelling.
=650  \0$aIrradiation creep.
=650  \0$aThermal creep.
=650  14$aIrradiation creep.
=650  24$aThermal creep.
=650  24$aSwelling.
=650  24$aSteel.
=700  1\$aGarner, FA.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11372.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11373
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11373$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11373$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTD898.14.M35
=082  04$a621.48/38$223
=100  1\$aWang, JA.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aNew Methodologies for Developing Radiation Embrittlement Models and Trend Curves of the Charpy Impact Test Data /$cJA. Wang, NSV Rao.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (19 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b21
=520  3\$aA new methodology is developed for the prediction of RPV embrittlement that utilizes a combination of domain models and nonlinear estimators including neural networks and nearest neighbor regressions. The Power Reactor Embrittlement Database is used in this study. The results from newly developed nearest neighbor projective fuser indicate that the combined embrittlement predictor achieved about 67.3% and 52.4% reductions in the uncertainties for General Electric Boiling Water Reactor plate and weld data compared to Regulatory Guide 1.99, Revision 2, respectively. The implications of irradiation temperature effects to the development of radiation embrittlement models are then discussed. A new methodology that incorporates the chemical compositions into the Charpy trend curve is also developed. The purpose of this new fitting procedure is to generate a new multi-space topography that can properly reflect the inhomogeneity of the surveillance materials and utilize this multi-space trend surface to link and project the surveillance test results to that of reactor pressure vessel steels.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSpent reactor fuels.
=650  \0$aRadioactive waste disposal Management.
=650  \0$aCharpy curve fitting.
=650  \0$aMaterial modeling.
=650  \0$aInformation fusion.
=650  \0$aBoiling water reactor.
=650  \0$aPower reactor.
=650  14$aRadiation embrittlement.
=650  24$aReactor vessel integrity.
=650  24$aInformation fusion.
=650  24$aPower reactor.
=650  24$aBoiling water reactor.
=650  24$aMaterial modeling.
=650  24$aCharpy curve fitting.
=700  1\$aRao, NSV,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11373.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11417
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11417$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11417$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQA377
=082  04$a515/.35$223
=100  1\$aLuo, D.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Macro-Microscopic Numerical Simulation of the Mechanical Behavior of CFCC with Matrix Anisotropic Damage by Homogenization Method /$cD. Luo, S. Takezono, K. Tao, H. Minamoto.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (19 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b21
=520  3\$aIn this paper, a damage constitutive model based on a micro-mechanical approach is established and used to predict the macro-microscopic elastic-brittle mechanical behavior of continuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites (CFCC). Anisotropic damage is applied to describe the matrix phase damage which reflects all types of damage such as nucleation and coalescence of voids and micro-cracks that the matrix material undergoes. The asymptotic expansion homogenization method is used to obtain the effective mechanical properties of composites and to derive the homogenized damage elastic concentration factor and the gross stiffness matrix of unidirectional and cross-ply laminate composite materials. Internal variables are introduced to describe the evolution of the damage state and the degradation of the material stiffness. Using the proposed theory, the unidirectional composite and the cross-ply laminate composites with /03/90/03/, /03/902/03/, and /03/903/03/ stacking sequences are analyzed, and the numerical results are consistent with those of the experiments.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aDifferential equations.
=650  \0$aMathematical analysis.
=650  \0$aHomogenization method.
=650  \0$aAnisotropic damage.
=650  \0$aMechanical behavior.
=650  14$aAnisotropic damage.
=650  24$aHomogenization method.
=650  24$aContinuous fiber reinforced ceramic matrix composites (CFCC)
=650  24$aMechanical behavior.
=700  1\$aTakezono, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTao, K.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMinamoto, H.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11417.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11510
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11510$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11510$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aR857.T55
=082  04$a571.5/38$223
=100  1\$aTomlins, P.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMeasurement of Pore Size and Porosity of Tissue Scaffolds /$cP. Tomlins, P. Grant, S. Mikhalovsky, S. James, L. Mikhalovska.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b3
=520  3\$aTissue engineering involves seeding the patient's cells on to a three-dimensional temporary scaffold. It is becoming increasingly obvious that cells used to seed the scaffold have very specific requirements concerning the morphology and chemistry of the surface of the scaffold and its interconnectivity. A range of techniques has been examined in relation to key measurements such as pore size and porosity. Since capillary flow porometry measures a pore solely at its most constricted point, the method is unable to provide characterisation of other aspects of the pore. Scanning Electron Microscopy is limited to examining surface pores in ‘stiff’ scaffolds. Although cryo-SEM reduces the amount of ice-induced damage generated in ‘soft’ scaffolds upon freezing, the technique is limited to the same constraints. Images produced via scanning confocal microscopy are probably more representative of the true structure of the scaffold than that implied by cryo-SEM, although due to the diffuse nature of the image it is difficult to measure pore sizes.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aTransplantation of organs.
=650  \0$aPore size.
=650  \0$aTissue engineering.
=650  \0$aCharacterisation.
=650  \0$aTissue scaffolds.
=650  \0$aPorosity.
=650  14$aTissue engineering.
=650  24$aTissue scaffolds.
=650  24$aCharacterisation.
=650  24$aPore size.
=650  24$aPorosity.
=700  1\$aGrant, P.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMikhalovsky, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aJames, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMikhalovska, L.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11510.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11515
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11515$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11515$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aHD9652.5
=082  04$a338.8/3$223
=100  1\$aDornish, M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aIs There a Need for TEMP Standards? A Perspective from a Biomaterials Manufacturer /$cM. Dornish, A. Dessen.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b35
=520  3\$aMore often than not users of biopolymers obtain their starting materials from a chemical supply company. Documentation is often lacking and the user is not aware of the fact that a biopolymer's functionality in an application is inherently linked to its characteristics. As a manufacturer of ultrapure biopolymers we have often heard the comment that “your biopolymer didn't work!” More often than not, however, the functional properties of the polymer were not appropriate for the intended use. Variability in naturally occurring biopolymers can lead to failed formulations. Alginate and chitosan are biopolymers that may be used in TEMPs. Derived from natural sources, these materials are particularly complex, and thus exhibit significant variability. Consequently, in order to understand the full range of their properties there is a need for accurate characterization of these materials. The development of standards for such TEMP starting materials is necessary to ensure product uniformity, enable more complete and precise characterization and to inform both users and manufacturers of the relationships among composition, functional properties and utility. This can only lead to more successful TEMP formulations.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aChemical industry.
=650  \0$aAlginate.
=650  \0$aChitosan.
=650  \0$aEncapsulation.
=650  \0$aBiopolymers.
=650  \0$aScaffolds.
=650  14$aAlginate.
=650  24$aChitosan.
=650  24$aF 2064.
=650  24$aF2103.
=650  24$aEncapsulation.
=650  24$aScaffolds.
=650  24$aBiopolymers.
=700  1\$aDessen, A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11515.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11517
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11517$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11517$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQH509
=082  04$a571.6/4$223
=100  1\$aPorter, TJ.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aBiomolecules in Tissue Engineered Medical Products (TEMPs) :$bA Case Study of Recombinant Human Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 (rhBMP-2) /$cTJ. Porter, S. Rathore, J. Rouse, M. Denton.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (21 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b17
=520  3\$arhBMP-2 is an osteoinductive protein that, when administered locally, results in the induction of new bone tissue at the site of implantation. The osteoinductive properties of rhBMP-2 first were demonstrated by implantation at ectopic (nonbony) sites in rodents. BMPs are the only protein factors known to induce new, ectopic bone. rhBMP-2/Absorbable Collagen Sponge (ACS) is a TEMP that combines rhBMP-2 with a matrix for implantation. rhBMP-2/ACS is used in long bone fracture repair and spinal fusion. The development of rhBMP-2 protein as the active ingredient in the rhBMP-2/ACS product is summarized. Four aspects of rhBMP-2 development are covered: protein structural characterization, functional characterization, purity analysis and design of comparability studies to support changes in the manufacturing process. Topics discussed include rhBMP-2 as a “biologic” and as a constituent of a combination TEMP. The lessons learned during the development of rhBMP-2/ACS may allow general insight into the development of future standards for TEMPs that contain biologically active proteins.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBiological transport.
=650  \0$aTransport theory.
=650  \0$aBiologic.
=650  \0$aOsteoinductive.
=650  \0$aFracture repair.
=650  14$aRecombinant bone morphogenetic protein.
=650  24$aAbsorbable collagen sponge.
=650  24$aRhBMP-2.
=650  24$aRhBMP-2/ACS.
=650  24$aBiologic.
=650  24$aFracture repair.
=650  24$aOsteoinductive.
=700  1\$aRathore, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRouse, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDenton, M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11517.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11553
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11553$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11553$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aZ5814.P8
=082  04$a16.1512$223
=100  1\$aShepherd, DP.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Prediction of Fatigue Life Distributions from the Analysis of Plain Specimen Data /$cDP. Shepherd.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b10
=520  3\$aFor any structurally critical component subject to fatigue, the safety of the structure depends on an accurate prediction of the life under this failure mode. However, in such circumstances it is insufficient to consider only the mean behavior of the material. To ensure structural integrity, a model for the distribution of life to failure is required, which will allow lives to be assessed relative to acceptable safety levels.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aEducational tests and measurements.
=650  \0$aPsychological tests.
=650  \0$aLow cycle fatigue.
=650  \0$aStatistics.
=650  14$aLow cycle fatigue.
=650  24$aStatistics.
=650  24$aProbability distribution.
=650  24$a3-parameter Weibull.
=650  24$aS-N curve.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11553.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11557
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11557$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11557$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aT57.6
=082  04$a658.2/101156$223
=100  1\$aAnnis, C.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aProbabilistic Life Prediction Isn't as Easy as It Looks /$cC. Annis.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aMany engineers effect “probabilistic life prediction” by replacing constants with probability distributions and carefully modeling the physical relationships among the parameters. Surprisingly, the statistical relationships among the “constants” are often given short shrift, if not ignored altogether. Few recognize that while this simple substitution of distributions for constants will indeed produce a nondeterministic result, the corresponding “probabilities” are often woefully inaccurate. In fact, even the “trend” can be wrong, so these results can't even be used for sensitivity studies. This paper explores the familiar Paris equation relating crack growth rate and applied stress intensity to illustrate many statistical realities that are often ignored by otherwise careful engineers. Although the examples are Monte Carlo, the lessons also apply to other methods of probabilistic life prediction, including FORM/SORM (First/Second Order Reliability Method) and related “fast probability integration” methods.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aIndustrial location Mathematical models.
=650  \0$aDiscrete location.
=650  \0$aProbabilistic models.
=650  \0$aNondeterministic.
=650  \0$aProbabilistic.
=650  \0$aMultivariate.
=650  \0$aCrack growth.
=650  \0$aConditional.
=650  \0$aMarginal.
=650  \0$aLife prediction.
=650  \0$aParis equation.
=650  \0$aSimulation.
=650  \0$aMonte Carlo.
=650  \0$aStatistics.
=650  \0$aProbability.
=650  14$aLife prediction.
=650  24$aCrack growth.
=650  24$aParis equation.
=650  24$aProbability.
=650  24$aStatistics.
=650  24$aSimulation.
=650  24$aMonte Carlo.
=650  24$aNondeterministic.
=650  24$aProbabilistic.
=650  24$aJoint.
=650  24$aConditional.
=650  24$aMarginal.
=650  24$aMultivariate.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11557.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11560
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11560$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11560$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA463
=082  04$a669.95$223
=100  1\$aChamis, CC.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aProbabilistic Fatigue :$bComputational Simulation /$cCC. Chamis, SS. Pai.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b14
=520  3\$aProbabilistic computational simulation of fatigue-life is illustrated in terms of several sample cases that have been generated over the past ten years. The cases are selected to illustrate applications to multi-scale, multi-discipline, and multi-physics. These cases include composite laminate; coupled thermal, mechanical, fatigue, and creep, pressurized tank; engine blades; engine rotor; and composite combustor liner. The fundamentals for probabilistic computational fatigue are briefly described, and general comments are included on what it takes to perform probabilistic computational fatigue and to validate it. Typical results show that fatigue-life can be evaluated for complex components and for complex loadings. Probability of survival curves can be generated, and probabilistic sensitivities influencing fatigue-life can be determined. The paper describes what can be done rather than details of a specific case.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aLiquid metals.
=650  \0$aNitrogen content.
=650  \0$aSteel.
=650  \0$aComposite.
=650  \0$aComponents.
=650  \0$aMetals.
=650  \0$aResults.
=650  \0$aSensitivities.
=650  14$aComposite.
=650  24$aMetals.
=650  24$aComponents.
=650  24$aSensitivities.
=650  24$aResults.
=700  1\$aPai, SS.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11560.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11561
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11561$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11561$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTJ184
=082  04$a621.8/33$223
=100  1\$aSocie, DF.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aModeling Variability in Service Loading Spectra /$cDF. Socie, MA. Pompetzki.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aThis paper describes a methodology for statistically extrapolating a single measured service loading history to the expected long-term service usage spectra. The measured time history first is processed into a rainflow counted histogram. Nonparametric kernel smoothing techniques are employed to convert the rainflow histogram of cycles into a probability density histogram. Once the probability density histogram is obtained, Monte Carlo methods are used to produce a rainflow histogram of any desired number of cycles. A new loading history then is reconstructed from the expected rainflow histogram, which can be combined with a probabilistic fatigue analysis to obtain an estimate of the durability of a structure. Obtaining an estimate of the loading spectra for a ground vehicle is difficult because there are many users, each with different service usage. The extrapolating methodology is extended to combine data from several users to obtain loading spectra that represent more severe users in the population.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aLubrication.
=650  \0$aGear.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aExtrapolation.
=650  \0$aStatistical methods.
=650  \0$aRainflow.
=650  \0$aDurability.
=650  \0$aVariability.
=650  14$aFatigue.
=650  24$aRainflow.
=650  24$aDurability.
=650  24$aVariability.
=650  24$aExtrapolation.
=650  24$aStatistical methods.
=700  1\$aPompetzki, MA.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11561.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11563
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11563$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11563$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aHM851
=082  04$a303.48/33$223
=100  1\$aMcClung, RC.,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Software Framework for Probabilistic Fatigue Life Assessment of Gas Turbine Engine Rotors /$cRC. McClung, MP. Enright, HR. Millwater, GR. Leverant, SJ. Hudak.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b14
=520  3\$aAn enhanced life management process based on probabilistic damage tolerance methods has been developed to address material anomalies in titanium rotating components of gas turbine engines. Related methods are being used as tools to investigate the impact of engine monitoring and usage variability on prognosis for field readiness and life management. This paper begins with an overview of the process of probabilistic damage tolerant design, using the DARWIN® computer program to illustrate the interplay between various random variables and the conventional elements of structural design and life prediction. Special attention is then given to the initial distribution of material anomalies, scatter in fatigue crack growth data, and variability in complex mission histories. The significance of each source of variability for different applications is discussed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aInformation technology.
=650  \0$aSocial aspects.
=650  \0$aHuman-computer interaction.
=650  \0$aHard alpha.
=650  \0$aDamage tolerance.
=650  \0$aSoftware.
=650  \0$aFatigue crack growth.
=650  \0$aLife scatter.
=650  \0$aGas turbine engines.
=650  \0$aReliability.
=650  14$aFatigue crack growth.
=650  24$aDamage tolerance.
=650  24$aSoftware.
=650  24$aGas turbine engines.
=650  24$aProbabilistic methods.
=650  24$aReliability.
=650  24$aHard alpha.
=650  24$aLife scatter.
=700  1\$aEnright, MP.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMillwater, HR.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLeverant, GR.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHudak, SJ.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11563.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11565
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11565$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11565$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA404.2
=082  04$a620.1/1$223
=100  1\$aHighsmith, S.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aScatter in Fatigue Crack Growth Rate in a Directionally Solidified Nickel-Base Superalloy /$cS. Highsmith, WS. Johnson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aDirectional solidification of nickel-base superalloy components for gas turbine rotor blades offers a significant improvement in creep strength while at the same time yielding an anisotropic, heterogeneous microstructure. In such a material, some of the continuum assumptions of linear elastic fracture mechanics begin to break down, and local (microscopic) conditions can lead to significant deviation in fatigue crack growth rate from the global (macroscopic) trend. Fatigue crack life prediction for a large population of fielded components requires a probabilistic treatment of the material fatigue crack growth behavior. A common approach to probabilistic fatigue crack life prediction involves sampling the Paris law coefficients from a large number of crack growth experiments, which can lead to effectively “smoothing” the local intraspecimen variability out of the model. The length scale of variability is discussed as it relates to material microstructure and crack life prediction. Results from fatigue crack growth experiments on a directionally solidified superalloy are presented and spatial variation in the fatigue crack growth rate is examined. Periodicity of the crack growth rate variation is compared with the scale of microstructural heterogeneity.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMorphology.
=650  \0$aSynthetic products.
=650  \0$aMicrostructure.
=650  \0$aCrack growth.
=650  14$aProbabilistic fracture mechanics.
=650  24$aCrack growth.
=650  24$aDirectionally solidified.
=650  24$aNickel-base superalloy.
=650  24$aMicrostructure.
=700  1\$aJohnson, WS.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11565.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11566
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11566$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11566$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC174.85.S34
=082  04$a530.13$223
=100  1\$aEnright, MP.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aExtension of a Microstructure-Based Fatigue Crack Growth Model for Predicting Fatigue Life Variability /$cMP. Enright, KS. Chan.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aMost of the existing crack growth models rely on empirical constants derived from curve fits of data at specific test conditions. Although statistical information can be obtained for many of these constants, multiple experimental tests typically must be performed to represent the wide range of the response. In this paper, an alternative approach is presented that links fatigue crack growth parameters to material and microstructural size parameters via a microstructure-based fatigue crack growth (FCG) model. In addition, variation of initial crack size due to microstructural variation is modeled in terms of a crack-size-based fatigue crack initiation model. Variations of microstructural parameters are described in terms of a probabilistic framework. The probabilistic, microstructure-based, FCG approach is illustrated for a Ni-based superalloy in which the influence of changes in the main descriptors of the individual microstructural parameters on initial crack size, crack growth rate, and fatigue life is shown. Stochastic model results are compared with existing experimental data to illustrate the feasibility of the approach for predicting da/dN variability due to microstructure variations.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aStatistical mechanics.
=650  \0$aScaling laws (Statistical physics)
=650  \0$aFatigue crack growth.
=650  \0$aMicromechanics.
=650  \0$aNickel-based alloys.
=650  14$aFatigue life variability.
=650  24$aMicrostructure variations.
=650  24$aFatigue crack growth.
=650  24$aFatigue crack initiation.
=650  24$aMicromechanics.
=650  24$aNickel-based alloys.
=650  24$aProbabilistic methods.
=700  1\$aChan, KS.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11566.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11567
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11567$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11567$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQA371
=082  04$a515.35$223
=100  1\$aSharpe, PS.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFatigue Life Variability Prediction Based on Crack Forming Inclusions in a High Strength Alloy Steel /$cPS. Sharpe, BM. Hillberry, BA. Craig.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aFatigue cracks in metals have been observed to form at nonmetallic inclusions in the matrix of the material, with the size of such features influencing fatigue life. A probabilistic method was used to predict the variability of fatigue life in quenched and tempered AISI 4340 steel. Crack growth analyses, presented as cumulative distribution functions of probability of failure, were made at two stress levels by growing inclusion size fracture mechanics flaws using an existing linear elastic fracture mechanics crack growth model. Initial flaw sizes were obtained from two separate distributions: one representing the overall inclusion population, and the other a subdistribution representing crack forming inclusions. In general, analyses correlated well with experimental lives, typically being within 25 %. The two initial flaw size distributions produced similar results; however, predictions based on the total inclusion distribution were heavily dependent on the threshold value. With the appropriate value of crack growth threshold, good correlation with variability can be made without requiring fatigue testing, particularly for the more critical shorter lives.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aDifferential equations.
=650  \0$aNumerical solutions.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aCrack propagation.
=650  \0$aInclusions.
=650  \0$aVariability.
=650  14$aFatigue.
=650  24$aVariability.
=650  24$aCrack propagation.
=650  24$aInclusions.
=650  24$aStatistical distribution.
=700  1\$aHillberry, BM.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aCraig, BA.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11567.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11570
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11570$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11570$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQE604
=082  04$a551.8$223
=100  1\$aJha, SK.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMechanism-Based Variability in Fatigue Life of Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-6Mo /$cSK. Jha, JM. Larsen, AH. Rosenberger, GA. Hartman.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b18
=520  3\$aThe variability in fatigue life of a Ti-6Al-2Sn-4Zr-6Mo alloy was studied. The cumulative life distribution plot was found to be composed of two distinct failure mechanisms, designated as Type-I and Type-II. The likelihood of Type-I vs. Type-II failure shifted with respect to the stress level, such that at lower stress levels, there was increased probability of Type-II failure. It also was found that the variability in life was introduced primarily at the crack nucleation stage, specifically, formation of a stage-I crack across an equiaxed primary-α particle.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aContinental margins.
=650  \0$aEarth Crust.
=650  \0$aMicrostructure.
=650  \0$aCrack growth.
=650  \0$aCrack nucleation.
=650  \0$aDeformation.
=650  \0$aSlip transfer.
=650  14$aMicrostructure.
=650  24$aFatigue life variability.
=650  24$aCrack nucleation.
=650  24$aCrack growth.
=650  24$aProbability of failure.
=650  24$aDeformation.
=650  24$aSlip transfer.
=700  1\$aLarsen, JM.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRosenberger, AH.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHartman, GA.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11570.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11571
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11571$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11571$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTD898.14.M35
=082  04$a621.48/38$223
=100  1\$aDeBartolo, EA.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPredicting Fatigue Life Under Spectrum Loading in 2024-T3 Aluminum Using a Measured Initial Flaw Size Distribution /$cEA. DeBartolo, BM. Hillberry.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b18
=520  3\$aMeasured cracked particle distributions were used in conjunction with a closure-based life prediction package (FASTRAN 3.8 [1]) to predict fatigue life distributions under a spectrum load (FALSTAFF — Fighter Aircraft Loading STAndard For Fatigue [2]) in 2024-T3 aluminum. A single crack model was assumed and no threshold stress intensity factor was used. Simulations were done at maximum stress levels of 175, 205, and 275 MPa. The resulting fatigue life distributions were compared at different levels of probability of failure. At all levels, predicted fatigue lives were within a factor of two or better of experimental fatigue lives. This indicates both that the single-flaw model can be a reasonable approximation for life prediction and that it is not necessary to truncate initial flaw size distributions at some threshold level.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aRadioactive waste disposal Management.
=650  \0$aSpent reactor fuels.
=650  \0$aSpectrum loading.
=650  \0$aAluminum.
=650  \0$aLife prediction.
=650  \0$aCracked particles.
=650  14$aSpectrum loading.
=650  24$aCracked particles.
=650  24$aFlaw size distribution.
=650  24$aAluminum.
=650  24$aLife prediction.
=700  1\$aHillberry, BM.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11571.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11573
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11573$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11573$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aPS3557.R489137
=082  04$a813/.54$223
=100  1\$aLiao, M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCorrosion Risk Assessment of Aircraft Structures /$cM. Liao, JP. Komorowski.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b24
=520  3\$aThis paper presents a comprehensive summary of IAR/NRC research on risk assessment of aging aircraft structures in the presence of corrosion and fatigue. Extensive test data, especially for fuselage splices containing corrosion and multiple site fatigue damage (MSD) and coupons cut from service exposed aircraft lap joints, have been generated under previous projects. Based on these test data, an empirical stochastic crack growth model was first developed to analyze the probabilistic fatigue characteristics of the splices. Risk analysis was then performed on the fuselage splices using the computer codes PRISM (Bombardier Aerospace, Inc.) and PROF (United States Air Force). Holistic life assessment methodology (HLAM), which aims to quantify structural integrity in the entire life cycle by addressing the interaction effects of corrosion and fatigue, has advanced considerably during the past five years. Risk analysis based on HLAM was carried out on the fuselage splices. The analytical results, which were obtained at different stages, are compared with the test results. It is shown that corrosion in lap joints, even at the levels less than the typical maintenance limit (i.e., 10 % material loss), could significantly increase the risk level of structural failure.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHijacking of aircraft.
=650  \0$aAir pilots.
=650  \0$aMilitary.
=650  \0$aCorrosion and fatigue.
=650  \0$aFuselage splices.
=650  \0$aAircraft.
=650  \0$aRisk assessment.
=650  14$aRisk assessment.
=650  24$aProbability of failure.
=650  24$aCorrosion and fatigue.
=650  24$aAircraft.
=650  24$aFuselage splices.
=650  24$aMultiple site fatigue damage.
=700  1\$aKomorowski, JP.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11573.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11574
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11574$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11574$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRB150.F37
=082  04$a616/.0478$223
=100  1\$aZhao, W.,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Methodology for Assessing Fatigue Crack Growth Reliability of Railroad Tank Cars /$cW. Zhao, MA. Sutton, J. Penã.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b27
=520  3\$aA methodology for assessing structural reliability of railroad tank cars undergoing fatigue crack growth is being developed. A three-degree-of freedom (3-dof) surface crack is employed to account for an asymmetric stress field existing at a fatigue critical location in tank car structures. A fatigue life prediction program using the Walker equation to account for stress ratio effects is developed for the 3-dof surface crack model. A component reliability problem is formulated as a limit state function and solved using a first-order reliability method along with importance sampling method within the commercial reliability software, STRUREL. The methodology is demonstrated using illustrative railroad tank car examples. The results show that: (a) failure probability, Pf, increases as tank car mileage increases; (b) welding residual stresses in the tank structure can significantly increase Pf; (c) uncertainty in the stress amplitude also has a significant effect on Pf; and (d) the correlation between initial crack depth and initial crack aspect ratio is an important parameter.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$afatigue.
=650  \0$aChronic fatigue syndrome.
=650  \0$aFatigue crack growth.
=650  \0$aSurface crack.
=650  \0$aRailroad tank car.
=650  14$aStructural reliability.
=650  24$aFatigue crack growth.
=650  24$aRailroad tank car.
=650  24$aSurface crack.
=700  1\$aSutton, MA.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPenã, J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11574.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11575
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11575$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11575$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRC377
=082  04$a616.8/34$223
=100  1\$aYatomi, M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aApplication of Probabilistic Fracture Mechanics in Structural Design of Magnet Component Parts Operating Under Cyclic Loads at Cryogenic Temperatures /$cM. Yatomi, A. Nyilas, A. Portone, C. Sborchia, N. Mitchell, K. Nikbin.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (21 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b27
=520  3\$aThis paper presents a methodology for the use of probabilistic fracture mechanics concepts to estimate the design fatigue life and reliability of structural materials used in superconducting coils and magnet intercoil components of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER). The orbitally welded conductor jackets of superconducting coils are subjected to fluctuating tensile stresses. The paper uses fatigue crack growth (FCGR) data at 7K from type 316LN stainless steel, in parent and weld material conditions, to predict fatigue crack growth rates using Monte Carlo analysis. Two stages are considered in which scatter could be quantified in the analysis. Initially, the unknown in crack length is taken as a stochastic variable. Secondly, the model assumes that the scatter observed in the correlation of the FCGR data versus ΔK is directly due to factors such as testing methods, measurement, material, and geometric variability and can therefore be quantified statistically. Either a normal or lognormal distribution of the scatter is assumed depending on the parameter. The purpose of this approach is to illustrate some of the advantages over a deterministic approach that most design codes use. An example is presented that compares the design life of a conductor jacket section containing a single crack and multiple cracks. A comparison of a sensitivity analysis for multiple cracks, for failure times at probabilities of 1 % and 0.001 %, with times calculated from a deterministic analysis using appropriate safety factors, suggests that the deterministic analysis give less conservative failure times.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aNeurology.
=650  \0$aMultiple sclerosis.
=650  \0$aFatigue crack.
=650  \0$aLife prediction.
=650  14$aITER.
=650  24$aFatigue crack.
=650  24$aLife prediction.
=650  24$a316LN.
=650  24$aProbabilistic fracture mechanics.
=700  1\$aNyilas, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPortone, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSborchia, C.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMitchell, N.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNikbin, K.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11575.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11577
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11577$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11577$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTL215.C55
=082  04$a629.222$223
=100  1\$aZaretsky, EV.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffect of Individual Component Life Distribution on Engine Life Prediction /$cEV. Zaretsky, RC. Hendricks, SM. Soditus.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (18 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aThe effect of individual engine component life distributions on engine life prediction was determined. A Weibull-based life and reliability analysis of the NASA Energy Efficient Engine was conducted. The engine's life at a 95 and 99.9 % probability of survival was determined based on the engine manufacturer's original life calculations and assumed values of each of the component's cumulative life distributions as represented by a Weibull slope. The lives of the high-pressure turbine (HPT) disks and blades also were evaluated individually and as a system in a similar manner. Knowing the statistical cumulative distribution of each engine component with reasonable engineering certainty is a condition precedent to predicting the life and reliability of an entire engine. The life of a system at a given reliability will be less than the lowest-lived component in the system at the same reliability (probability of survival). Where Weibull slopes of all the engine components are equal, the Weibull slope had a minimal effect on engine L0.1 life prediction. However, at a probability of survival of 95 % (L5 life), life decreased with increasing Weibull slope.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aGas-turbine.
=650  \0$aAutomobiles.
=650  \0$aExperimental automobiles.
=650  \0$aBlade.
=650  \0$aEngine life.
=650  \0$aTurbine.
=650  \0$aWeibull analysis.
=650  \0$aDisk reliability.
=650  14$aEngine life.
=650  24$aWeibull analysis.
=650  24$aTurbine.
=650  24$aBlade.
=650  24$aDisk reliability.
=700  1\$aHendricks, RC.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSoditus, SM.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11577.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11578
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11578$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11578$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aCC79.E85
=082  04$a930.1$223
=100  1\$aNemeth, NN.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPredicting the Reliability of Ceramics Under Transient Loads and Temperatures with CARES/Life /$cNN. Nemeth, OM. Jadaan, T. Palfi, EH. Baker.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (19 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b25
=520  3\$aA methodology is shown for predicting the time-dependent reliability of ceramic components against catastrophic rupture when subjected to transient thermomechanical loads (including cyclic loads). The methodology takes into account the changes in material response that can occur with temperature or time (i.e., changing fatigue and Weibull parameters with temperature or time). This capability has been added to the NASA CARES/Life (Ceramic Analysis and Reliability Evaluation of Structures/Life) code. The code has been modified to have the ability to interface with commercially available finite element analysis (FEA) codes executed for transient load histories. Examples are provided to demonstrate the features of the methodology as implemented in the CARES/Life program.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aEthnoarchaeology.
=650  \0$aMaterial culture.
=650  \0$aCyclic.
=650  \0$aFailure.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aWeibull.
=650  \0$aCeramics.
=650  \0$aTransient.
=650  \0$aReliability.
=650  14$aReliability.
=650  24$aTransient.
=650  24$aWeibull.
=650  24$aCyclic.
=650  24$aFatigue.
=650  24$aFailure.
=650  24$aCARES.
=650  24$aCeramics.
=700  1\$aJadaan, OM.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPalfi, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBaker, EH.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11578.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11593
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11593$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11593$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP248.65.P58
=082  04$a668.4/23$223
=100  1\$aWang, A.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aWear and Structural Fatigue Simulation of Crosslinked Ultra-High Molecular Weight Polyethylene for Hip and Knee Bearing Applications /$cA. Wang, M. Manley, P. Serekian.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b53
=520  3\$aThere have been increasing concerns about the structural fatigue resistance of crosslinked UHMWPE devices due to deterioration of certain mechanical properties. However, due to the lack of clear correlation between specific mechanical properties and clinical performance, these concerns remain theoretical. In order to evaluate the potential benefits and risks of various crosslinked polyethylene materials for hip and knee bearing applications, two clinically relevant worst-case scenarios were simulated on functional devices. In the first worst-case scenario, cemented all-poly patellar components were tested under simulated stair-climbing conditions with rotational misalignment. In the second worst-case scenario, metal-backed thin acetabular liners were tested in a hip joint simulator under rim-loading conditions. Various types of crosslinked UHMWPE were prepared according to published process descriptions of commercial materials. While significant levels of volumetric wear reduction were confirmed by both the patellar and hip simulator tests, mixed results were obtained on the structural integrity of the devices. The latter was more significantly affected by the post-irradiation thermal treatment history than by the total dose of irradiation. Re-melting following irradiation led to catastrophic fractures of both rim-loaded liners and rotational-malaligned patellar pegs. The key mechanical property that was positively identified to correlate with the structural fatigue performance of crosslinked polyethylene materials was the ultimate tensile strength, whereas tensile elongation within 250% and 400% range had no effect on structural integrity. However, the results presented in this study should not be misconstrued with respect to the potential clinical performance of irradiation crosslinked and re-melted polyethylene liners with proper designs. In fact, the true outcome of all the crosslinked materials can only be revealed by long-term clinical follow-up.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPolyethylene glycol.
=650  \0$aNanostructured materials.
=650  \0$aStructural fatigue.
=650  \0$aAnnealing.
=650  \0$aRemelting.
=650  \0$aWear.
=650  14$aCrosslinked polyethylene.
=650  24$aStructural fatigue.
=650  24$aWear.
=650  24$aAnnealing.
=650  24$aRemelting.
=700  1\$aManley, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSerekian, P.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11593.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11601
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11601$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11601$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aT385
=082  04$a006.6/01/516$223
=100  1\$aHagl, A.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDurability by Design :$bLoad Carrying Silicone Bonding, Herz Jesu Church, Munich /$cA. Hagl.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b7
=520  3\$aThe design of conventional glass façades in Germany is typically based on the extensive use of point supports that keep the glass panels in position and which provide the load transfer of the façade. Besides the aesthetic disadvantage of discrete elements being visible in the glass façade, the application of point supports leads to highly concentrated stress regions substantially affecting sizing and durability of the façade components. In order to overcome these limitations, a new approach has been chosen for the design of the glass façade of the Herz Jesu Church, Munich. One peculiarity of the overall glass façade of this box-shaped building consists in horizontal and vertical glass beams used for the support of the façade. Silicone adhesives bond steel stringers along the main edges of the horizontal and vertical glass beams in order to establish load paths between beams and façade. The hereby-realized bonding design offers special features being favorable for the durability of the building. Load carrying capacities have been provided by line-type connections, substantially reducing stress concentrations. Major attention has been given to the geometric layout of the bonding. Thus, detailed finite element (FE) analysis has guided the careful selection of an adequate channel cross section for the stringers. The design philosophy of the bonding is characterized by a small exposed surface of the silicone adhesive, offering only a very small area of attack for environmental degradation. Additionally, the exposed surface is only stressed at a low level avoiding the critical combination of highly loaded areas exposed to aggressive environmental conditions. Furthermore, two principal load paths (tension and shear) are established, leading to a fail-safe design principle of the bonding. These key considerations provide major contributions to the high durability design of the glass façade bonding.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$ageometry.
=650  \0$aComputer graphics.
=650  \0$aStructural glazing.
=650  \0$aDurability design.
=650  \0$aJoint geometry.
=650  14$aStructural glazing.
=650  24$aDurability design.
=650  24$aJoint geometry.
=650  24$aFE analysis.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11601.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11602
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11602$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11602$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTL725.3.N6
=082  04$a387.7/4042$223
=100  1\$aLacasse, MA.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDeveloping a Performance-Based Joint Sealant Specification for Airport PCC Pavements /$cMA. Lacasse, JF. Masson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b18
=520  3\$aDespite recent progress to develop a performance-based specification for bituminous sealants applied to asphalt concrete (AC) roadways and runways, a performance-based specification for cold-applied joint sealants for Portland cement concrete (PCC) aprons, taxiways, and parking areas has yet to be mapped and developed. Unique in-service conditions exist on these PCC pavements, where sealants are not only exposed to climatic effects and heavy traffic loads, but also to jet fuel and de-icing fluids. Installation and maintenance conditions are also unique in that it is often necessary to install or replace joint sealants at night or in a very short time so that aircraft traffic disruption is avoided. Hence, special consideration must be provided to ascertain that joint sealants are effective and durable. Recent studies on joint and crack sealants used on airport pavements that experience cold climates indicate that current specifications do not necessarily allow for the selection of durable sealants, and therefore sealant failure can be rapid. To address the issue of premature failure and to extend joint sealant service life, the elements of a performance-based specification for cold-applied joint sealants for PCC airport pavements is reviewed. The benefits of such a specification include the selection of joint sealants for specific local needs, reduced airport pavement maintenance costs, and extended airport PCC pavement service life.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aairport.
=650  \0$aNoise control.
=650  \0$aMaintenance.
=650  \0$aPerformance.
=650  \0$aJoint sealing.
=650  \0$aSpecification.
=650  \0$aSealants.
=650  \0$aConcrete pavement.
=650  14$aAirport.
=650  24$aConcrete pavement.
=650  24$aJoint sealing.
=650  24$aMaintenance.
=650  24$aPerformance.
=650  24$aSealants.
=650  24$aSpecification.
=700  1\$aMasson, JF.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11602.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11603
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11603$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11603$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC183
=082  04$a530.427$223
=100  1\$aWolf, AT.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMaterial Properties for Use in FEA Modeling :$bSealant Behavior with Ambient Laboratory Climate Aging /$cAT. Wolf, HL. Cleland-Host.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b5
=520  3\$aStress relaxation uniaxial testing is used to define the behavior of elastomeric materials in their functional range. The stress-strain data obtained by this method are used in finite element analysis (FEA) to model the behavior of the material in a given application. The objective of this study is to determine the effect of aging on the uniaxial stress-strain properties of silicone sealants. This paper examines the material behavior changes that occur as these sealants continue to cure at ambient laboratory conditions. The study is intended as a first step toward developing simple working models that account for the effects of sealant aging in FEA modeling. Uniaxial stress relaxation testing was conducted on six commercially available silicone structural glazing, insulating glazing, and weatherproofing sealants in tension and in compression at temperatures of −20°C, 22°C, and 80°C. Testing was carried out immediately after cure, i.e., after three days for two-part and after 30 days for one-part sealants, and after an additional one-year storage period at ambient laboratory conditions. The test specimens were pre-loaded prior to testing in order to eliminate the Mullins effect. Testing was carried out over a strain range of −45–90%. The specimen was loaded to the desired strain level and then allowed to relax. The load at the end of the relaxation period was used to calculate the engineering stress. Coefficient of variance (CoV) was used to determine the significance of material property changes with continued sealant cure. No significant changes in engineering properties were observed for two sealants. For two further sealants, half or more of the test results were within CoV, and no clear trends in property drift could be derived. The changes in material properties of the final two sealants were well outside the CoV limit, and moderate to strong stiffening was observed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSurface tension.
=650  \0$aWetting.
=650  \0$aHysteresis.
=650  \0$aUniaxial load.
=650  \0$aStress-strain curve.
=650  \0$aCompression.
=650  \0$aStress relaxation.
=650  \0$aTension.
=650  14$aUniaxial load.
=650  24$aStress relaxation.
=650  24$aTension.
=650  24$aCompression.
=650  24$aStress-strain curve.
=650  24$aFinite element analysis.
=700  1\$aCleland-Host, HL.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11603.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11604
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11604$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11604$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQP552.C42
=082  04$a571.6$223
=100  1\$aWolf, AT.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffect of Float Glass Surface Composition on Silicone Sealant Adhesion Tested After Simultaneous Exposure to Hot Water and Ultraviolet Light /$cAT. Wolf, CS. McMillan, W. Stiell, K. Lieb.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aThe objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of float glass surface composition on silicone sealant adhesion in a wet environment. Float glass samples obtained from six different European glass manufacturers were characterized analytically (XPS) and tested for their hydrolytic stability (DIN 52296). Fifteen tensile/adhesion joints (H-pieces) were prepared for each float glass sample using a two-part, tin-catalyzed, condensation-cure silicone sealant containing a controlled amount of free aminosilane adhesion promoter. Five H-pieces each were tested after four weeks of ambient cure conditioning (reference specimens) as well as after an additional 500 h and 1000 h immersion in 45°C hot water with simultaneous UV exposure. As expected, all reference specimens failed cohesively in the tensile/adhesion test. All specimens exposed to the additional 500 h of hot water immersion and UV also showed cohesive failure. However, after 1000 h of exposure, differences in adhesion behavior could be observed. While the sealant failed cohesively (all five specimens) on one float glass, partial adhesive failure was observed on the other glass samples. For these glasses, the average extent of adhesive failure varied between 4–19%. Because of the limited amount of float glass samples studied, the experimental results must be interpreted cautiously. No correlation is observed between the hydrolytic stability of float glass samples and sealant adhesion. However, the chemical surface composition of the float glass appears to affect sealant adhesion. Low levels of Na and K (added to the glass composition as alkaline oxides) result in better sealant adhesion. Higher surface concentrations of these ions can be tolerated if the glass surface is also rich in Al ions. Poorer adhesion results, however, when high levels of alkaline Na or K oxides are combined with a low level of Al.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCell adhesion molecules.
=650  \0$achemistry.
=650  \0$aUV exposure.
=650  \0$aAdhesion.
=650  \0$aSurface composition.
=650  \0$aWater immersion.
=650  \0$aFloat glass.
=650  \0$aSilicone sealant.
=650  14$aSilicone sealant.
=650  24$aFloat glass.
=650  24$aSurface composition.
=650  24$aAdhesion.
=650  24$aWater immersion.
=650  24$aUV exposure.
=700  1\$aMcMillan, CS.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aStiell, W.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLieb, K.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11604.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11605
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11605$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11605$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQH75
=082  04$a333.95/22$223
=100  1\$aMiyauchi, H.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aArtificial Weathering and Cyclic Movement Test Results Based on the RILEM TC139-DBS Durability Test Method for Construction Sealants /$cH. Miyauchi, N. Enomoto, S. Sugiyama, K. Tanaka.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b4
=520  3\$aThe purpose of this study was to assess the effect of artificial weathering and cyclic movement in a laboratory test based on the RILEM Technical Recommendation (RTR) “Durability Test Method for Curtain Wall Joint Sealants.” Eleven sealants being used in Japan were tested, including two silicones, two silicon-modified polyethers, two polysulfides, two polyurethanes — each as one- and two-part products — one two-part silicon-modified polyisobutylene, one two-part urethane cure acrylic, and one one-part water-borne acrylic. The two-part polyurethane, the two-part urethane-cure acrylic, and the one-part water-borne acrylic were also evaluated with and without painting the sealant surface. Test specimens were prepared using anodized aluminum and mortar as substrate materials; primers were used for all sealant/substrate combinations as recommended by the manufacturers. All sealant specimens were conditioned according to Method A. The durability test, consisting of weathering and thermo-mechanical cycling, was carried out both with and without the influence of fatigue cycling. The durability cycles were repeated three times. Weathering was conducted in a fully automatic weathering machine using a xenon arc light source. Sealants without painting were observed to chalk and craze at an earlier stage in the durability cycles than the ones with painted surfaces, confirming the effectiveness of painting the sealant surface in protecting organic sealants from aging. A substantial difference in the behavior of sealants was observed for exposures with and without fatigue cycling, confirming the importance of fatigue cycling in the degradation of sealants. In order to obtain a good correlation between accelerated weathering and actual service performance, a proper balance of degradation factors is essential.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aEnvironmental degradation.
=650  \0$aNature conservation.
=650  \0$aEndangered species.
=650  \0$aFatigue cycling.
=650  \0$aDegradation.
=650  \0$aXenon-light.
=650  14$aRILEM TC139-DBS.
=650  24$aDurability test method.
=650  24$aFatigue cycling.
=650  24$aXenon-light.
=650  24$aDegradation.
=700  1\$aEnomoto, N.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSugiyama, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTanaka, K.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11605.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11607
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11607$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11607$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA357.5.M43
=082  04$a620.1/064/0287$223
=100  1\$aWhite, CC.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aIssues Related to the Mechanical Property Characterization of Sealants /$cCC. White, DL. Hunston.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b20
=520  3\$aQuantification of the mechanical properties of cured sealant is complicated by the presence of the Mullins effect. This paper examines the Mullins effect using five different sealants encompassing the range of properties and formulations found in commercial sealants. Three main observations include: the Mullins effect was observed in all sealant formulations studied, the Mullins effect was observed in both tension and compression strains, and there was a recovery of the Mullins effect after sufficient periods of time between repeated loading cycles. Simple rules were formulated to describe the Mullins effect. Moreover, the tests show that understanding the Mullins effect is crucial in characterizing the mechanical properties of a sealant.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aComplex fluids.
=650  \0$aFluid dynamic measurements.
=650  \0$aStress-extension.
=650  \0$aElastomer.
=650  \0$aMaterial properties.
=650  \0$aMullins effect.
=650  \0$aSealant.
=650  \0$aDurability.
=650  \0$aRheology.
=650  \0$aViscoelasticity.
=650  14$aDurability.
=650  24$aElastomer.
=650  24$aMaterial properties.
=650  24$aMullins effect.
=650  24$aRheology.
=650  24$aSealant.
=650  24$aStress-extension.
=650  24$aViscoelasticity.
=700  1\$aHunston, DL.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11607.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11609
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11609$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11609$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aHJ2599.5
=082  04$a336.2$223
=100  1\$aSearle, ND.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aHarmonization and Optimization of Weathering Test Methods for Building and Construction Sealants and Adhesives /$cND. Searle.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (17 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b15
=520  3\$aSealants and adhesives play a vital role in building engineering and are expected to perform well for at least 20 years. However, many fail prematurely, partly because of inadequate information on their long-term resistance to the effects of solar radiation, heat/cold, moisture, atmospheric pollutants and mechanical strain. The laboratory accelerated weathering tests, a necessity for determining in a short time whether products are suitable for the intended use, often fail to identify products with poor in-use performance. The validity of the test results depends on optimization of the test parameters so that aging effects of field conditions on sealants can be closely simulated. Simulation of the spectrum of solar radiation by the artificial light source is a critical factor. Simulation of the temperature, amount and type of moisture and mechanical strain that sealants experience under use conditions is also significant.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aharmonization of tax.
=650  \0$aNeumark Report.
=650  \0$aXenon arc.
=650  \0$aHarmonization.
=650  \0$aCarbon arcs.
=650  \0$aFluorescent UV lamps.
=650  \0$aISO standards.
=650  \0$aDurability.
=650  14$aASTM C24 standards.
=650  24$aISO standards.
=650  24$aXenon arc.
=650  24$aFluorescent UV lamps.
=650  24$aCarbon arcs.
=650  24$aDurability.
=650  24$aHarmonization.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11609.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11620
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11620$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11620$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP156.R45
=082  04$a531.113402454092$223
=100  1\$aO'Connor, AE.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSilyl-Terminated Polyurethanes for Construction Sealants /$cAE. O'Connor, T. Kingston.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b15
=520  3\$aConstruction sealants produced through the curing of silyl-terminated oligomers (STO) display properties similar to conventional polyurethanes, but they possess several distinct advantages. This paper provides a state-of-the-art review of silane-functional polymers for sealants in construction. Properties of silyl-terminated polyurethanes (STPU) are compared with traditional polyurethanes as well as silyl-terminated polyether (STPE) sealants. Urethane prepolymers, prepared from the reaction of a diisocyanate and a conventional polyol, are end-capped with an organo-functional silane. As a consequence, there are no free isocyanate molecules in the sealant. These sealants show improved adhesion to glass, UV stability, and weatherability. Sealants based on STPU chemistry are presently in use for industrial and transportation applications, which require medium to high modulus. Current work explores methods to reduce the modulus and increase elongation while retaining good cohesive properties. STPU sealants have been prepared with varying isocyanates, polyols, and silanes. They have been evaluated in accordance with several ASTM tests, including those in the ASTM Standard Specification for Elastomeric Joint Sealants (C920). The glass-transition temperatures and rheological characterizations of STO-based sealants are presented. Correlations are made between these fundamental material properties and the sealant's behavior in use, as measured by ASTM test methods. These measurements could provide a method for identifying candidate formulations that are expected to pass more extensive ASTM testing. These material characterizations as well as the results of mechanical property testing are compared for selected STPU, STPE, polyurethane, and silicone sealants.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPhysical chemistry.
=650  \0$aStates of matter.
=650  \0$aPeel adhesion.
=650  \0$aBond durability.
=650  \0$aRheology.
=650  14$aSilyl-terminated polyurethane.
=650  24$aSTPU.
=650  24$aSTPE.
=650  24$aGlass-transition temperature.
=650  24$aRheology.
=650  24$aPeel adhesion.
=650  24$aBond durability.
=700  1\$aKingston, T.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11620.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11624
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11624$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11624$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aR850.A1
=082  04$a616.079$223
=100  1\$aThomas, CB.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aComparative Study of Bone Cell Culture Methods for Tissue Engineering Applications /$cCB. Thomas, JF. Kellam, KJL Burg.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (17 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b26
=520  3\$aCells are used in bone tissue engineering applications to facilitate new bone formation in implants. Enzymatic digestion and marrow removal by either centrifugal force or syringe are three methods used to isolate the cells for culture, but each technique has benefits and drawbacks. This comparative study evaluated the effects of the three cell isolation techniques on the attachment, proliferation, and mineralization of rat bone cells. Cells were isolated, seeded, and cultured following standard protocols for each isolation method. Quantitative assays to determine metabolic activity, lactic acid production, glucose consumption, and amounts of intracellular protein, alkaline phosphatase activity, and extracellular calcium were performed. In addition, cell morphology and viability were examined qualitatively. The results indicate that the cell isolation method affects the attachment, proliferation, and type of tissue formed by cells cultured under identical conditions.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aImmunology.
=650  \0$aCell culture.
=650  \0$aTissue engineering.
=650  \0$aMesenchymal cells.
=650  \0$aOsteoblasts.
=650  14$aTissue engineering.
=650  24$aBone.
=650  24$aOsteoblasts.
=650  24$aMesenchymal cells.
=650  24$aCell culture.
=700  1\$aKellam, JF.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBurg, KJL,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11624.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11641
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11641$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11641$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQA564
=082  04$a516.3/5; 516.35$223
=100  1\$aMiyauchi, H.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEstimation of the Fatigue Resistance of Sealants to Movement at Intersections of Sealed Joints and Improvements in the Joint Design Method /$cH. Miyauchi, K. Tanaka.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aThe paper investigates the fatigue resistance of sealants to movement at the intersections of sealed joints and proposes improvements to the method of joint design. As a first step, the fatigue resistance of sealed joint intersections to shear movement caused by the sliding motion of curtain wall panels was studied experimentally. Three types of building sealants were evaluated. Shear movement consistently deformed both the intersectional and linear sectional areas of joint specimens. Cracks formed within the intersectional area earlier than in the linear sections of the joints. As a second step, the fatigue resistance of sealed joint intersections to the rocking motion of curtain wall panels was studied experimentally. Two rocking motion types were evaluated. A rocking fatigue apparatus for the intersectional joint specimens was developed, and the number of cycles until crack formation was determined for given movements. We successfully obtained data on fatigue resistance of sealants using the new apparatus. Fatigue resistance of sealed joints is lower in the intersectional area than in the linear sections of the joints and is particularly lowest with simultaneous movements occurring in longitudinal and horizontal joints. Finally, the effect of curvature radii of curtain wall panel corners on fatigue resistance was studied at intersections of sealed joints. The fatigue test was carried out employing specimens with curvature radii varying from 0–8 mm. Shear movement consistently deformed the intersectional area of the joint specimens. A relation was found between curvature radius and the number of cycles to crack formation, i.e., the larger the curvature radius was, the higher the observed fatigue resistance was to joint movement.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAlgebraic varieties.
=650  \0$ageometry.
=650  \0$aFatigue resistance.
=650  \0$aIntersection.
=650  \0$aRocking movement.
=650  \0$aSealed joint.
=650  \0$aShear movement.
=650  14$aFatigue resistance.
=650  24$aIntersection.
=650  24$aSealed joint.
=650  24$aShear movement.
=650  24$aRocking movement.
=650  24$aFinite element analysis.
=700  1\$aTanaka, K.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11641.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11731
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11731$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11731$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD271
=082  04$a543$223
=100  1\$aOsicki, RS.,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Simple Compatibility Testing Protocol for Bentonite-Based Barrier Systems /$cRS. Osicki, IR. Fleming, MD. Haug.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aThis paper investigates macroscopically observable properties of bentonite. Bentonite slurries were prepared with varying pore water chemistry, using salt solutions for which compatibility problems have been shown. Using these samples, a rapid testing protocol was developed for evaluation of compatibility. Fann viscometer and filter press testing are well-established methods to examine bentonite quality and expected permeability of bentonite based barrier systems. This paper presents new research into the use of these simple tools to examine potential alteration or compatibility problems. Bentonite slurries made using the permeant of interest can be quickly evaluated for comparison with water-hydrated slurries. These results were confirmed with permeameter tests using GCLs. The permeability from the GCLs can be compared with the relative values inferred from the filter press and viscometer testing related to the double layer thickness. The authors believe that this work suggests that a few quick and simple tests can be done to evaluate potential compatibility issues with bentonite in natural form or in prefabricated geosynthetics. For industry, this will have the advantage of a very quick and cheap test that may be carried out to evaluate compatibility issues.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aLeachate Analysis.
=650  \0$aChemistry, Analytic.
=650  \0$aBentonite.
=650  \0$aLeachate.
=650  \0$aAlteration.
=650  \0$aCompatibility.
=650  14$aBentonite.
=650  24$aCompatibility.
=650  24$aAlteration.
=650  24$aLeachate.
=650  24$aGeosynthetic clay liner (GCL)
=700  1\$aFleming, IR.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHaug, MD.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11731.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11740
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11740$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11740$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP363
=082  04$a660$223
=100  1\$aSouthen, JM.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aInvestigation of the Behavior of Geosynthetic Clay Liners Subjected to Thermal Gradients in Basal Liner Applications /$cJM. Southen, RK. Rowe.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b17
=520  3\$aComposite liners comprised of geomembranes and geosynthetic clay liners can be an effective means of minimizing fluid flow and associated groundwater contamination from municipal solid waste landfills. There remains uncertainty, however, regarding the long-term performance of such systems under conditions of elevated temperature that may occur at the base of landfills attributable to exothermic waste degradation processes. The heat generated by these processes may lead to the development of a thermal gradient through the lining system that creates a risk of desiccation within the uppermost portion of the subsoil and the geosynthetic clay liner itself. To investigate this issue, a series of small-scale laboratory experiments were developed in an effort to simulate the hydraulic and thermal conditions existing at the base of a landfill. This paper presents the results of investigations into the influence of various parameters on the behavior of a composite liner. The distribution of temperature and water content over time is discussed, as well as potential impacts on the performance of the geosynthetic clay liner.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aDrying Periodicals.
=650  \0$aDesiccation.
=650  \0$aMoisture distribution.
=650  \0$aLandfills.
=650  \0$aLiners.
=650  \0$aTemperature effects.
=650  14$aGeosynthetic clay liners.
=650  24$aDesiccation.
=650  24$aTemperature effects.
=650  24$aLandfills.
=650  24$aLiners.
=650  24$aMoisture distribution.
=700  1\$aRowe, RK.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11740.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11741
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11741$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11741$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTE210
=082  04$a624.7/3$223
=100  1\$aRowe, RK.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffect of Freeze-Thaw on the Permeation of Arctic Diesel Through a GCL /$cRK. Rowe, T. Mukunoki, MH. Li, RJ. Bathurst.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b15
=520  3\$aThe hydraulic conductivity of a scrim reinforced nonwoven thermal locked geosynthetic clay liner (GCL) with respect to both de-aired distilled water and arctic diesel (jet fuel) are examined for different numbers of freeze and thaw cycles. The hydraulic conductivity of jet fuel is found to be about one order of magnitude smaller than that for de-aired water. Increasing numbers of freeze and thaw cycles, did not significantly change the hydraulic conductivity although the permittivity with respect to water decreased. The intrinsic permeability of the GCL permeated by jet fuel increased slightly with an increasing number of freeze-thaw cycles. It is shown that under the conditions examined, the GCL performed very well.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSoil stabilization.
=650  \0$aGeotechnical engineering.
=650  \0$aArctic diesel.
=650  \0$aJet fuel.
=650  \0$aFreeze-thaw.
=650  14$aGeosynthetic clay liners.
=650  24$aArctic diesel.
=650  24$aJet fuel.
=650  24$aHydraulic conductivity.
=650  24$aFreeze-thaw.
=700  1\$aMukunoki, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLi, MH.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBathurst, RJ.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11741.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11771
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11771$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11771$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTJ1075
=082  04$a621.8/9$223
=100  1\$aBernard, ES.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Role of Friction in Post-Crack Energy Absorption of Fiber Reinforced Concrete in the Round Panel Test /$cES. Bernard.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b8
=520  3\$aThe Round Panel test has recently become standardized as C-1550 for post-crack performance assessment of Fiber Reinforced Concrete (FRC) and Shotcrete (FRS). This test involves the imposition of an out-of-plane point load at a constant rate of displacement to the center of a round panel supported on three symmetrically arranged pivots. Performance is measured in terms of the energy absorbed by the specimen up to a specified central deflection. Most of this energy is expended in the process of fiber deformation and pull-out from the concrete across cracks that form during the test. A significant proportion of the energy apparently absorbed by the specimen is actually lost to friction, however, as the panel fragments that form after cracking of the concrete slide outward in a radial direction across the supports. This investigation has been undertaken to determine the proportion of total energy absorption that is lost to friction as a result of this failure mechanism and to identify thereby how much energy is actually absorbed by the specimen.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aLubrication and lubricants.
=650  \0$aSurface preparation.
=650  \0$aPanel testing.
=650  \0$aFriction.
=650  14$aFiber reinforced concrete.
=650  24$aPanel testing.
=650  24$aPost-crack performance.
=650  24$aFriction.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11771.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11773
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11773$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11773$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC794.6.P678
=082  04$a539.7/214$223
=100  1\$aBurke, MG.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMicrostructural Aspects of Irradiation Damage in A508 Gr 4N Forging Steel :$bComposition and Flux Effects /$cMG. Burke, RJ. Stofanak, JM. Hyde, CA. English, WL. Server.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b14
=520  3\$aNeutron irradiation can promote significant changes in the microstructure and associated mechanical properties of low alloy steels. In particular, irradiation can induce the formation of non-equilibrium phases and segregation, which may lead to a degradation in toughness. In this study, the microstructural changes caused by neutron irradiation have been characterized in A508 Grade (Gr) 4N-type steels (∼3.5% Ni) using a variety of state-of-the-art analytical techniques including 3D-Atom Probe Field-Ion Microscopy and Small Angle Neutron Scattering, along with post-irradiation annealing studies combining Positron Annihilation Lineshape Analysis and hardness measurements. Important differences between conventional and “superclean” A508 Gr 4N steel have been identified in this investigation. The data indicate that Ni is not the controlling factor in the irradiation damage behavior of these materials; rather, the Mn content of the steel is a dominant factor in the irradiation-induced microstructural development of solute-related hardening features.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$apositron annihilation.
=650  \0$aAnnihilation reactions.
=650  \0$aIrradiation damage.
=650  \0$aMn effects.
=650  14$aIrradiation damage.
=650  24$aAtom probe field-ion microscopy.
=650  24$aSmall angle neutron scattering.
=650  24$aPositron annihilation.
=650  24$aPost-irradiation annealing.
=650  24$aNi effects.
=650  24$aMn effects.
=650  24$aSolute-related hardening.
=650  24$aA508 Gr 4N steel.
=650  24$aMicrostructural characterization.
=700  1\$aStofanak, RJ.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHyde, JM.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aEnglish, CA.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aServer, WL.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11773.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11785
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11785$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11785$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC100
=082  04$a621.381/73$223
=100  1\$aCollazo, A.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aElectrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy as a Tool for Studying Steel Corrosion Inhibition in Simulated Concrete Environments—Red Mud Used as Rebar Corrosion Inhibitor /$cA. Collazo, MJ. Cristóbal, XR. Nóvoa, G. Pena, MC. Pérez.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aRed mud is the main by-product of the Bayer process for alumina extraction from bauxite. Rich in iron, aluminum and silicon oxides, it is believed to have corrosion protection properties. Some are studied in the present paper. The corrosion behavior of steel rebars in chlorine containing solutions and mortars is studied and compared with the same systems containing red mud in suspension (case of solutions) or added as powder to the mix (case of mortars). The results in solution show that red mud is able to maintain steel passivity for more than 90 days in highly chlorinated alkaline solutions while in NaOH and Ca(OH)2 solutions having the same pH pit formation is observable at 25 and 55 days, respectively. Additions of red mud to mortar as powder representing 2 % by weight of cement are able to block chloride depassivation. EIS data allow understanding the protecting mechanism and comparing the behavior in mortar and in solution.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aIntegrated circuits.
=650  \0$aProtective coatings Testing.
=650  \0$aRed mud.
=650  \0$aSteel in concrete.
=650  \0$aPassivation.
=650  \0$aRebars corrosion.
=650  14$aPassivation.
=650  24$aSteel in concrete.
=650  24$aRebars corrosion.
=650  24$aRed mud.
=650  24$aElectrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS)
=700  1\$aCristóbal, MJ.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNóvoa, XR.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPena, G.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPérez, MC.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11785.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11788
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11788$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11788$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA462
=082  04$a620.1/1223$223
=100  1\$aKranc, SC.,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Numerical Method for the Recovery of Local Potentials and Currents Due to Corrosion of Steel in Concrete /$cSC. Kranc, AA. Sagüés.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b26
=520  3\$aDiagnostic electrical measurements intended to quantify the rate of corrosion often prove difficult to interpret due to the distribution of currents within the concrete electrolyte. In this paper an inverse method to recover estimates of local values for the potential and current density at the concrete-steel interface from measurements at the exterior surface is presented. An idealized model system has been investigated in a series of numerical experiments. Several example problems in corrosion diagnostics have been analyzed and the results compared favorably to direct solutions.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMetals Defects.
=650  \0$aAnticorrosion.
=650  \0$aConcrete.
=650  \0$aInverse.
=650  \0$aModeling.
=650  \0$aMacrocell.
=650  \0$aCorrosion.
=650  14$aCorrosion.
=650  24$aRebar.
=650  24$aConcrete.
=650  24$aMacrocell.
=650  24$aInverse.
=650  24$aModeling.
=700  1\$aSagüés, AA.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11788.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11789
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11789$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11789$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA658.44
=082  04$a624.18341$223
=100  1\$aGepraegs, OK.,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Comparative Evaluation of Three Commercial Instruments for Field Measurements of Reinforcing Steel Corrosion Rates /$cOK. Gepraegs, CM. Hansson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b33
=520  3\$aIn this study, a comparative evaluation was made of three instruments, designed for field monitoring of reinforcing steel corrosion rates. The electrochemical operating principles of each instrument were determined by monitoring the potential and current of each electrode during operation.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aReinforced concrete construction.
=650  \0$aTall buildings.
=650  \0$aConcrete.
=650  \0$aCorrosion rate.
=650  \0$aGalvanostatic pulse.
=650  \0$aReinforcing steel.
=650  \0$aProbes.
=650  14$aCorrosion rate.
=650  24$aReinforcing steel.
=650  24$aLinear polarization resistance.
=650  24$aGalvanostatic pulse.
=650  24$aProbes.
=650  24$aConcrete.
=700  1\$aHansson, CM.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11789.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11793
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11793$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11793$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA683.5.B3
=082  04$a624.1/83423$223
=100  1\$aBrown, MC.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aService Life Extension of Virginia Bridge Decks Afforded by Epoxy-Coated Reinforcement /$cMC. Brown, RE. Weyers, MM. Sprinkel.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b22
=520  3\$aA study was conducted on concrete core samples each containing a single top-mat reinforcing steel bar from ten bridge decks in Virginia. Two of the bridges contained conventional, uncoated mild reinforcing steel (Bare), and eight of the bridges were constructed with epoxy-coated reinforcement (ECR). The bridges ranged in age from 4 to 18 years, and were built under same specifications for concrete water-to-cement ratio (w/c) and cover depth. In the laboratory, the subject cores were prepared and corrosion activity was monitored via electrochemical impedance spectroscopy while subject to cyclic ponding of a 3 % NaCl solution over a 22-month exposure period. The relative corrosion performance of the Bare and ECR bars were evaluated, by comparison of the time to corrosion initiation and time to failure, as designated by visible cracking of the concrete cover. A stochastic model was employed, using bootstrap resampling techniques, to project the corrosion protection service life extension provided by epoxy-coated reinforcement as compared to Bare steel for the population of Virginia bridge decks. Less than 25 % of all Virginia bridge decks built under specifications in place since 1981 were projected to corrode sufficiently to require rehabilitation within 100 years, regardless of bar type. The corrosion service life extension attributable to ECR in bridge decks was found to be approximately 5 years beyond that of Bare steel.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aConcrete beams Testing.
=650  \0$aReinforced concrete construction.
=650  \0$aConcrete.
=650  \0$aImpedance.
=650  \0$aService life.
=650  \0$aEpoxy coating.
=650  \0$aCorrosion.
=650  \0$aReinforcement.
=650  14$aCorrosion.
=650  24$aEpoxy coating.
=650  24$aConcrete.
=650  24$aReinforcement.
=650  24$aImpedance.
=650  24$aService life.
=700  1\$aWeyers, RE.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSprinkel, MM.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11793.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11796
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11796$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11796$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.84
=082  04$a620.1/127$223
=100  1\$aWheat, HG.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEfforts to Determine the Relationship Between Corrosion Rate and Concrete Damage Using Acoustic Emission /$cHG. Wheat, M. Thakar.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b17
=520  3\$aOver the past 20 years, the linear polarization resistance (LPR) technique has become one of the most popular techniques for determining the corrosion rate of steel in concrete. The results are then related to the amount of damage, and this parameter becomes very important in determining the amount of remaining service life of the concrete structure. Corrosion investigations that utilize polarization resistance (Rp), which is inversely related to the corrosion rate of the steel, are carried out with the knowledge that in laboratory specimens, and especially in field situations, the steel is not corroding uniformly, the changing conditions of the concrete play a major role in the corrosion rates determined, and the area over which polarization takes place is not well defined. All of these aspects become even more important when the concrete/reinforcement system is changed because the choice of the metallic material changes or the concrete changes due to the addition of admixtures. These factors will be discussed based on an investigation in which LPR was used in combination with Acoustic Emission (AE), which can offer more direct information about the extent of damage. The goal is to be able to provide insight into the complicated relationship between the corrosion rate of the metal reinforcement, the damage to the surrounding concrete, and the remaining life of the concrete structure.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aNanoscience.
=650  \0$aSteel in concrete.
=650  \0$aAcoustic emission.
=650  \0$aCorrosion.
=650  14$aCorrosion.
=650  24$aSteel in concrete.
=650  24$aAcoustic emission.
=700  1\$aThakar, M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11796.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11797
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11797$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11797$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQH541.15.I5
=082  04$a363.7/063/0973$223
=100  1\$aIslam, M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aUse of Electrochemical Techniques to Assess Performance of Corrosion Protection Systems for Reinforced Concrete Structures—A Review /$cM. Islam, SF. Daily.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b38
=520  3\$aElectrochemical methods for controlling corrosion of reinforcing steel in concrete involve techniques that interfere with the electrochemical reactions occurring on the embedded steel surface. Included in this category are cathodic protection, electrochemical chloride extraction, re-alkalization (for carbonation damage), and corrosion inhibitors. Assessing and monitoring the performance of these corrosion protection systems for steel in concrete can sometimes be challenging. Several techniques and devices are available. In recent years different electrochemical techniques have been utilized. The present paper discusses the use of the older devices and the more recently developed devices such as the “ladder” probe and the microprocessor controlled electrical resistance probe for evaluating and monitoring the performance of reinforced concrete corrosion protection systems. Remote monitoring options are also discussed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aEnvironmental monitoring.
=650  \0$aIndicators (Biology)
=650  \0$aReinforced concrete.
=650  \0$aMonitoring.
=650  14$aReinforced concrete.
=650  24$aElectrochemical techniques.
=650  24$aCorrosion protection systems.
=650  24$aPerformance assessment.
=650  24$aMonitoring.
=700  1\$aDaily, SF.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11797.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11863
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11863$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11863$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP860.5
=082  04$a666.1$223
=100  1\$aGarcia, MA.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aVariations in the Mechanical Strength of a Composite Material of Thermoplastic Matrix Reinforced with Woven Glass-Fabric After Being Submitted to Diverse Damage Sequences :$bA Statistical Analysis /$cMA. Garcia, A. Argüelles, I. Viña, A. Fernández-Canteli, J. Viña.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b14
=520  3\$aThe aim of the present study is to characterize statistically the degradation produced in the tensile breaking strength of a material composed of a PEI thermoplastic matrix reinforced with woven glass fiber under a sequential permutation of damage. To do so, the statistical theory of extreme values was applied to the experimental results, which enabled us to calculate the probability of failure of the material. The simulated damage corresponding to said series was the following: fatigue up to one million cycles at a maximum stress of 20% of the tensile strength, impact damage with an energy of 5.07 J, accelerated aging under conditions of 95% relative humidity, a temperature of 70°C for a period of 360 h, and finally, thermal aging at 150°C for 360 h. The experimental results obtained show losses in residual strength of between 20 and 35% of that presented by the material in its original state.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aChemical & Biochemical.
=650  \0$aResidual strength.
=650  \0$aGlass fiber.
=650  \0$aExtreme value theory.
=650  14$aGlass fiber.
=650  24$aPEI.
=650  24$aResidual strength.
=650  24$aExtreme value theory.
=700  1\$aArgüelles, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aViña, I.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFernández-Canteli, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aViña, J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11863.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11868
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11868$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11868$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP325
=082  04$a553.2$223
=100  1\$aButalia, TS.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFlowable Fill Using Flue Gas Desulfurization Material /$cTS. Butalia, WE. Wolfe, B. Zand, JW. Lee.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b6
=520  3\$aFlowable fills are an effective and practical alternative to commonly used compacted earth backfills. Flowable fill is a cementious material, commonly a blend of cement, fly ash, sand, and water, that does not require compaction, may be self-leveling at time of placement, may harden quickly within a few hours, and can be excavated in the future if need be. Many flue gas desulfurization (FGD) materials have low unit weight and good shear strength characteristics and thus hold promise for flowable fill applications. This paper focuses on the potential of using two types of FGD materials (spray dryer and wet fixated FGD material) in flowable fill as a replacement for conventional fly ash. Several design mixes were considered. The design mixes consisted of varying amounts of FGD material, cement, lime, and water. The mixes were tested in the laboratory for flowability, unit weight, moisture content, unconfined compressive strength, erodibility, set-time, penetration, and long-term strength characteristics. Tests were conducted for up to 90 d of curing. Without any additives, the FGD material was observed to be as good as a regular (normal set) flowable fill in terms of placeability, unconfined compressive strength, and diggability. FGD material flowable fill with additives and admixtures compares favorably with the characteristics of conventional quick set flowable fills.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$acoal combustion.
=650  \0$aGeology.
=650  \0$aFGD material.
=650  14$aFGD material.
=650  24$aCoal combustion products.
=700  1\$aWolfe, WE.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aZand, B.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLee, JW.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11868.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11869
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11869$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11869$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA439
=082  04$a620.136$223
=100  1\$aDingrando, JS.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aBeneficial Reuse of Foundry Sands in Controlled Low Strength Material /$cJS. Dingrando, TB. Edil, CH. Benson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aA study was conducted to determine how the unconfined compressive strength and flow of flowable fills prepared with foundry sand depends on the bentonite content of the sand. The study showed that there are several advantages of using foundry sands with bentonite content > 6% as the fine aggregate in flowable fill. These advantages include: (i) lower long-term strength gain (making the design of excavatable mixtures simpler and less risky), (ii) less flow loss, (iii) fewer components and fewer interactions between components that are difficult to characterize, and (iv) a larger fraction of inexpensive foundry sand being used in the mixture. The unconfined compressive strength (UCS) of flowable fills prepared with foundry sands is sensitive to the water-cement ratio (W/C), at least when the W/C spans a broad range (4–11). Mixtures with W/C < 6.5 generally will have excessive UCS, whereas a suitable UCS is generally associated with W/C > 6.5. Bentonite content does not affect the UCS systematically, but it does have an indirect effect in that foundry sands with more bentonite require more water to flow, which affects strength. The amount of water required to achieve adequate flow primarily is a function of the bentonite content of the foundry sand. In general, as the bentonite content of the foundry sand increases, the water content of the mixture should increase correspondingly. The amount of fly ash has only a modest effect on the amount of water required. The most important factor affecting flow loss is the presence of cementitious fly ash in the mixture. Flow loss can be reduced appreciably by using a foundry sand with at least 6% bentonite so that fly ash fines need not be added to the mixture.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aConcrete.
=650  \0$aFoundry sand.
=650  \0$aBentonite.
=650  \0$aCompressive strength.
=650  \0$aFly ash.
=650  \0$aFlowable fill.
=650  \0$aCement.
=650  \0$aFlow.
=650  14$aFlowable fill.
=650  24$aFoundry sand.
=650  24$aBentonite.
=650  24$aFly ash.
=650  24$aCement.
=650  24$aFlow.
=650  24$aCompressive strength.
=700  1\$aEdil, TB.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBenson, CH.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11869.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11870
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11870$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11870$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTJ940
=082  04$a621.5/5$223
=100  1\$aŞimşek, O.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffects of Vacuum Processing on Strength and Surface Hardness Properties of Concrete /$cO. Şimşek.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aIn this experimental study, the effects of vacuum process on mechanical and physical properties of concrete were investigated by comparing mechanical properties of vacuum processed and half vacuum processed concrete specimens with those of control specimens. Vacuum equipment was used to apply vacuum to fresh concrete in order to extract water from floor concrete. Compressive strength and some other test results obtained from both vacuum processed and plain concrete core specimens were evaluated and then compared. Test results have shown that the compressive strength of vacuum processed concrete specimens increased substantially due to the decrease in water/cement ratio by dewatering process. The effects of the process on compressive strength at early ages and on surface placement are much more pronounced. Some of the other properties such as dry density, unit weight, surface hardness, and surface porosity are also improved by vacuum dewatering process.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBrazing.
=650  \0$aMetals Heat treatment.
=650  \0$aVacuum concrete.
=650  \0$aVacuum.
=650  \0$aConcrete tests.
=650  \0$aMechanical properties.
=650  14$aVacuum concrete.
=650  24$aVacuum.
=650  24$aMechanical properties.
=650  24$aConcrete tests.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11870.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11871
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11871$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11871$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQP321
=082  04$a573.7/528$223
=100  1\$aNaik, TR.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aProperties of Controlled Low-Strength Materials Made with Wood Fly Ash /$cTR. Naik, RN. Kraus, R. Siddique, Y-M Chun.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b27
=520  3\$aControlled low-strength materials (CLSM) were made in the field using one source of wood fly ash as a major component. CLSM Mixtures S-1 and S-3 contained cement, wood fly ash (81 and 89%, respectively, by mass of cementitious materials [Cm]), and sand; whereas, Mixture S-2 contained cement, wood fly ash (11% of Cm), Class C coal fly ash (67% of Cm), and sand. Mixtures S-1, S-2, and S-3 showed respective compressive strength values of 0.8, 0.3, and 0.6 MPa at 28 d, and 1.4, 14.4, and 1.0 MPa at one year. Combination of wood and coal fly ashes might have caused the drastic increase in the strength of Mixture S-2 at late ages. The respective water permeability values of Mixtures S-2 and S-3 decreased from 68 and 33 μm/s at 63 d to 6 and 12 μm/s at 227 d due to the improvement of microstructure of these CLSM mixtures.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aNeurons physiology.
=650  \0$aSynaptic Transmission physiology.
=650  \0$aClass C fly ash.
=650  \0$aCompressive strength.
=650  \0$aWood fly ash.
=650  \0$aBleedwater.
=650  \0$aFlowable slurry.
=650  \0$aPermeability.
=650  14$aBleedwater.
=650  24$aClass C fly ash.
=650  24$aCompressive strength.
=650  24$aFlowable slurry.
=650  24$aPermeability.
=650  24$aWood fly ash.
=700  1\$aKraus, RN.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSiddique, R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aChun, Y-M,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11871.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11874
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11874$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11874$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aP601
=082  04$a410$223
=100  1\$aCrouch, LK.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aRapid Set, High-Early Strength, Non-Excavatable Flowable Fill /$cLK. Crouch, V. James Dotson, L. Clouse, B. Egan, SM. Hall.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b3
=520  3\$aA high-flow, rapid-set, non-excavatable CLSM mixture called ZOOM was developed for applications where time was critical using normal concrete component materials. The following criteria were established for the ZOOM mixture:.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aVowel gradation.
=650  \0$aIndo-European languages.
=650  \0$aFine aggregate.
=650  \0$aParticle shape.
=650  \0$aCompressive strength.
=650  \0$aControlled low-strength material.
=650  \0$aGradation.
=650  \0$aBall drop apparatus.
=650  \0$aAir content.
=650  \0$aAngularity.
=650  \0$aFlow consistency.
=650  14$aControlled low-strength material.
=650  24$aAir content.
=650  24$aFlow consistency.
=650  24$aBall drop apparatus.
=650  24$aCompressive strength.
=650  24$aFine aggregate.
=650  24$aAngularity.
=650  24$aParticle shape.
=650  24$aGradation.
=700  1\$aJames Dotson, V.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aClouse, L.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aEgan, B.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHall, SM.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11874.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11875
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11875$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11875$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN752.C3
=082  04$a671.3/6$223
=100  1\$aTripathi, H.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMethods for Field and Laboratory Measurement of Flowability and Setting Time of Controlled Low-Strength Materials /$cH. Tripathi, CE. Pierce, SL. Gassman, TW. Brown.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b10
=520  3\$aFlow consistency and setting time are two important properties of controlled low-strength materials (CLSM). This paper describes and evaluates several standard and non-standard methods to measure these properties. Several mixtures with a range of water-to-binder ratios were investigated through a series of field and laboratory experiments. A linear relationship was observed between the flowability measured by the flow cylinder method (ASTM D 6103) and the inverted slump cone method. Pocket penetrometer and Torvane measurements were compared to the Kelly Ball method (ASTM D 6024) for estimating sufficient bearing capacity. Pocket penetrometer resistance correlates well, but its capacity was often exceeded. Volume stability should be controlled to avoid softening of the surface and subsequent delays in measured hardening time.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCase hardening.
=650  \0$aSteel Heat treatment.
=650  \0$aHardening.
=650  \0$aSetting.
=650  \0$aCompressive strength.
=650  \0$aControlled low-strength material.
=650  \0$aFlowable fill.
=650  \0$aFlowability.
=650  14$aControlled low-strength material.
=650  24$aFlowable fill.
=650  24$aFlowability.
=650  24$aSetting.
=650  24$aHardening.
=650  24$aCompressive strength.
=700  1\$aPierce, CE.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGassman, SL.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBrown, TW.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11875.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11876
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11876$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11876$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTD883.17
=082  04$a363.738$223
=100  1\$aCrouch, LK.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aLong Term Study of 23 Excavatable Tennessee Flowable Fill Mixtures /$cLK. Crouch, VJ. Dotson, DA. Badoe, RA. Maxwell, TR. Dunn, A. Sparkman.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b5
=520  3\$aTwenty-three different EFF mixtures were placed in trenches simulating utility cuts during March through May of 2001. All EFF mixtures were tested for flow, unit weight, gravimetric air content, suitability for load application, and compressive strength development over time. The trenches were excavated in March 2003. Excavation difficulty was correlated with laboratory compressive strength for non-air-entrained mixtures. Bearing capacity estimates with the dynamic cone penetration apparatus were determined for all trenches. Nine EFF mixtures were used to assess the impact of Portland cement content and ASTM C 618 Class F fly ash content. Portland cement contents of 17.8, 26.7, and 35.6 kg/m3 and ASTM C 618 Class F fly ash contents of 178, 219.5, and 261 kg/m3 were used to evaluate the impact of component proportions. Proportions for the EFF mixtures were chosen using Kentucky Transportation Cabinet and Tennessee Ready Mixed Concrete Association (TRMCA) recommendations as well as a previous Tennessee Technological University research mixture. Six EFF mixtures were used to assess the impact of Portland cement content and high-unburned carbon fly ash content. Portland cement contents of 26.7 and 35.6 kg/m3 and high-unburned carbon fly ash contents of 219.5, 261, and 302.5 kg/m3 were used to evaluate the impact of component proportions. The influence of aggregate type on EFF mixtures was evaluated by using five different aggregate types in the EFF mixture recommended by TRMCA (26.7 kg/m3 Portland cement and 219.5 kg/m3 ASTM C 618 Class F fly ash). In addition, four comparison EFF mixtures were also used in the study (1 Tennessee Department of Transportation (TDOT) and 3 air-entrained EFF mixtures)
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aRadon Air content Measurement.
=650  \0$aAir Pollution.
=650  \0$aCompressive strength.
=650  \0$aBackfill.
=650  \0$aControlled low-strength material.
=650  \0$aBall drop apparatus.
=650  \0$aAir content.
=650  \0$aExcavatability.
=650  \0$aFlow consistency.
=650  14$aControlled low-strength material.
=650  24$aCompressive strength.
=650  24$aBackfill.
=650  24$aExcavatability.
=650  24$aBall drop apparatus.
=650  24$aFlow consistency.
=650  24$aAir content.
=650  24$aInnovations in controlled low-strength material (flowable fill)
=700  1\$aDotson, VJ.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBadoe, DA.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMaxwell, RA.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDunn, TR.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSparkman, A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11876.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11879
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11879$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11879$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD272.C444
=082  04$a543/.8$223
=100  1\$aJones, MR.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aThermally Insulating Foundations and Ground Slabs Using Highly-Foamed Concrete /$cMR. Jones, A. Giannakou.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b18
=520  3\$aFoamed concrete, comprising a cementitious paste or mortar together with preformed foam, has many attractive properties, perhaps the most useful being its excellent thermal insulation properties, and therefore it can be classified as controlled thermal fill (CTF). Although widely used as a simple backfill, foamed concrete can be designed easily for particular densities (800–1600 kg/m3), flow characteristics (100–300 mm spread), strength (typically less than 10 MPa), and thermal insulation performance (0.2–0.6 W/mK). These properties make it an ideal material for house construction, in particular, for enhancing the thermal efficiency of the foundations and ground slab. This paper examines the performance of a range of foamed concretes for trench fill foundations and ground slabs in terms of thermal performance and main engineering, permeation, and durability properties. The consonant advantages of using fly ash (low-lime, fine, and coarse) technology will also be discussed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aGel permeation chromatography.
=650  \0$aChromatographic analysis.
=650  \0$aGround slab.
=650  \0$aFoamed concrete.
=650  \0$aEngineering.
=650  \0$aFine low-lime fly ash.
=650  \0$aPermeation.
=650  \0$aThermal insulation.
=650  \0$aDurability properties.
=650  \0$aHousing foundations.
=650  14$aFoamed concrete.
=650  24$aThermal insulation.
=650  24$aHousing foundations.
=650  24$aGround slab.
=650  24$aFine low-lime fly ash.
=650  24$aCoarse low-lime fly ash.
=650  24$aEngineering.
=650  24$aPermeation.
=650  24$aDurability properties.
=700  1\$aGiannakou, A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11879.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11880
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11880$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11880$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQH105.V8
=082  04$a508.755/1$223
=100  1\$aMasada, T.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aField Demonstration Test on Construction and Strength of Flexible Pipe Drainage System Using Flowable Fill /$cT. Masada, SM. Sargand.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b5
=520  3\$aA team at Ohio University recently completed a research project related to flowable fill. The main objective of the project was to evaluate the feasibility of constructing an economical drainage pipe system using a flexible thermoplastic pipe and flowable fill. The project tasks were divided into three phases (laboratory characterization tests, field demonstration tests, and engineering analysis). This technical paper summarizes mainly data obtained during one of the Phase 2 field demonstration tests conducted at the load frame site, utilizing a corrugated HDPE pipe, flowable fill, and a variety of sensors. The test results confirmed many previously cited advantages of using flowable fill as pipe backfill material and also showed that some potential problems could be overcome easily. Finite element analysis simulated the field performance of the flexible pipe-flowable fill system reasonably well. In summary, it was concluded that it was quite feasible to construct a sound subsurface drainage system using flexible pipe and flowable fill.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aEcology.
=650  \0$aEnvironmental aspects.
=650  \0$aDrainage pipe.
=650  \0$aFlexible pipe.
=650  \0$aPerformance.
=650  \0$aStrength.
=650  \0$aControlled low-strength material.
=650  \0$aFlowable fill.
=650  \0$aField test.
=650  14$aControlled low-strength material.
=650  24$aFlowable fill.
=650  24$aFlexible pipe.
=650  24$aField test.
=650  24$aPerformance.
=650  24$aStrength.
=650  24$aDrainage pipe.
=700  1\$aSargand, SM.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11880.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11882
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11882$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11882$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTE153
=082  04$a625.7$223
=100  1\$aHooper, FP.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFreeze-Thaw Effects and Gas Permeability of Utility Line Backfill /$cFP. Hooper, W. Allen Marr, RB. Drefus, K. Farrag.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b2
=520  3\$aBackfill materials used in utility trenches must maintain physical and mechanical integrity when subjected to the seasonal effects of freezing and thawing. Materials used over gas utility lines must also have adequate permeability to allow any leaking gas to flow upward and out. To help determine how soils and flowable fills might perform as backfill over utility lines, we conducted laboratory tests to measure the permeability of backfill materials before freezing, during freezing, and after thawing. The two materials investigated in this study were a silty sand, and a flowable fill made with Type F fly ash. Our work also examined the susceptibility of these materials to frost heave and thaw weakening. An apparatus and standard test method for performing permeability during freezing and after subsequent thawing did not exist. We developed a method by adapting the ASTM Standard Test Method for Frost Heave and Thaw Weakening Susceptibility of Soils (D 5918) and the ASTM Standard Test Method for Measurement of Pneumatic Permeability of Partially Saturated Porous Materials by Flowing Air (D 6539). Although more data are needed to confirm specific conclusions determined from this study, the test method developed here appears to be useful for evaluating the effects of freeze-thaw on backfill materials for utility trenches. Additional work is needed to demonstrate whether these laboratory results correspond to actual field conditions.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFreeze thaw durability.
=650  \0$aRoads Frost damage.
=650  \0$aFrozen ground.
=650  \0$aFly ash.
=650  \0$aBackfill.
=650  \0$aFlowable fill.
=650  \0$aUtility lines.
=650  \0$aFreeze-thaw.
=650  \0$aGas permeability.
=650  14$aFly ash.
=650  24$aGas permeability.
=650  24$aFreeze-thaw.
=650  24$aUtility lines.
=650  24$aBackfill.
=650  24$aControlled low-strength material (CLSM)
=650  24$aFlowable fill.
=700  1\$aAllen Marr, W.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDrefus, RB.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFarrag, K.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11882.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11907
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11907$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11907$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD474
=082  04$a537.6/23$223
=100  1\$aChen, L.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aApplication of Moire Interferometry for Mode II Testing of Stitched Composites /$cL. Chen, BV. Sankar, PG. Ifju.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b14
=520  3\$aIn this paper, two experimental approaches were used to quantify the Mode II fracture toughness of stitched composites. In the End Notched Flexure (ENF) test, which is the traditional Mode II test, the delamination does not open, but slides. This makes it difficult to locate the crack-tip as the crack propagates and hence to estimate the length of crack propagation. This uncertainty introduces significant errors in the estimated value of Mode II fracture toughness, especially of stitched composite laminates. In the present study high sensitive moiré interferometry was used to obtain the full-field displacements as well as the crack tip location in ENF specimens. By using linear elastic fracture mechanics for orthotropic materials, the stress intensity factor can be determined from the relative crack surface displacements behind the crack tip. The results from the displacement matching method are compared with the conventional area method for calculating fracture toughness. It is found that stitching can increase the Mode II fracture toughness of laminated composites by a factor of 2 to 3 depending on the stitch density.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$agraphite.
=650  \0$aClathrate compounds.
=650  \0$aSuperconductivity.
=650  \0$aGraphite/epoxy.
=650  \0$aMoire interferometry.
=650  14$aENF test.
=650  24$aGraphite/epoxy.
=650  24$aMode II fracture toughness.
=650  24$aMode II stress intensity factor.
=650  24$aMoire interferometry.
=650  24$aStitched laminated composites.
=650  24$aTranslaminar reinforcements.
=700  1\$aSankar, BV.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aIfju, PG.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11907.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11912
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11912$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11912$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA681
=082  04$a624.1/834$223
=100  1\$aNaik, TR.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDecing Salt-Scaling Resistance :$bLaboratory and Field Evaluation of Concrete Containing up to 70 % Class C and Class F Fly Ash /$cTR. Naik, RN. Kraus, BW. Ramme, Y-M Chun.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b19
=520  3\$aLaboratory mixtures, pilot mixtures, and field construction mixtures were made to evaluate salt-scaling resistance of concrete incorporating large amounts of either Class C fly ash obtained from several different sources or Class F fly ash. The laboratory mixtures that incorporated Class C fly ash up to a fly ash to cementitious materials ratio (FA/Cm) of 60 % by mass exhibited very slight to moderate scaling. Results from the pilot mixtures indicate that it is possible to produce structural-grade, salt-scaling resistant concrete using up to 56 % Class C fly ash. Specimens of a field mixture containing 50 % Class C fly ash showed moderate to severe scaling, and specimens of a field concrete with 40 % Class F fly ash showed slight to moderate scaling. These field mixtures exhibited satisfactory salt-scaling resistance in actual pavements. Comparisons of strength and scaling results suggest that it would be beneficial to allow sufficient time for high-volume fly ash concrete to develop strength before it is subjected to salt-scaling actions.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aConcrete construction.
=650  \0$aWaterproofing.
=650  \0$aConcrete.
=650  \0$aFreezing and thawing.
=650  \0$aCompressive strength.
=650  \0$aFly ash.
=650  \0$aDurability.
=650  14$aCompressive strength.
=650  24$aConcrete.
=650  24$aDurability.
=650  24$aFly ash.
=650  24$aFreezing and thawing.
=650  24$aSalt-scaling resistance.
=700  1\$aKraus, RN.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRamme, BW.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aChun, Y-M,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11912.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11934
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11934$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11934$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA480.A6
=082  04$a620.1/866$223
=100  1\$aAl-Ostaz, A.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFiber-Matrix Adhesion Measured By the Micro-Indentation Test :$bData Reduction Based On Real Time Simulation /$cA. Al-Ostaz, LT. Drzal, RL. Schalek.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (23 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b21
=520  3\$aIn this paper, we present a real time data reduction technique for calculating the interfacial shear stress measured by the micro indentation test in real composite samples, which can significantly improve the quality of the data. The model takes into account selected local geometric distribution of the fibers, shape and size of the indenter, friction between the indenter and the fiber, and residual stresses due to thermal loading. Material properties can be nonlinear and non-isotropic. As a result, fiber selection for testing is less restrictive, residual stresses can be included in the IFSS calculation, indenter size and shape are included in the calculation, and the fiber end/free surface singularity is taken into account. In addition to the Interfacial Failure Shear Stress (IFSS) calculation, the tensile stress in the fiber is calculated, and the load-displacement curve is generated. As a result, this real-time model significantly reduces the standard deviation and covariance compared to the conventional model, thermal and mechanical contributions to the measured interfacial shear strength are decoupled, and incorporation of continuous loading testing is possible.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFracture mechanics.
=650  \0$aAluminum alloys.
=650  \0$aMechanical properties.
=650  \0$aComposite.
=650  \0$aFracture.
=650  \0$aInterface.
=650  \0$aShear strength.
=650  \0$aIndentation.
=650  14$aComposite.
=650  24$aInterface.
=650  24$aIndentation.
=650  24$aShear strength.
=650  24$aFracture.
=700  1\$aDrzal, LT.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSchalek, RL.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11934.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11969
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11969$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11969$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aPZ7.D128
=082  04$a121$223
=100  1\$aRichter, S.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aWinter Sports in an Indoor Facility—Accident and Injury Trends /$cS. Richter, G. Jendrusch, H. Henke, HG. Hermichen, H. Heck.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b6
=520  3\$aAlong with the increasing popularity of indoor winter sport activities, the need for specific investigations with respect to injury prevention is growing. This statement was the background for a one-year study in which all sports injuries/accidents reported at the indoor artificial ski slope in Neuss (Germany) were documented and evaluated by way of an accident protocol. Injuries requiring medical attention or treatment were documented in the casualty department and injured persons were interviewed by a telephone survey regarding cause, type, degree, and possible consequences of their injury. A total of 372 skiing accidents were reported, 64.5% concerning men, 35.5% women. While the majority of ski hall visitors are skiers (57.9%) compared to snowboarders (40.1%, tire-tubing or others: 2.0%), more accidents happened to snowboarders (55.6%) than to skiers (33.3%; tubing: 3.8%, others: 1.1%, not known 6.2%). Winter sport beginners account for the largest group of accidents victims (> 40 %). Snowboarders seem to suffer a particular risk since they prefer to use the very challenging funpark section of the indoor facility, which is provoking more dangerous situations leading to accidents as a consequence.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aVacation.
=650  \0$aGiants.
=650  \0$aIndoor skiing.
=650  \0$aSkiing.
=650  \0$aSnowboarding.
=650  \0$aInjury.
=650  14$aIndoor skiing.
=650  24$aIndoor artificial ski slope.
=650  24$aInjury.
=650  24$aSkiing.
=650  24$aSnowboarding.
=650  24$aSafety in winter sports.
=700  1\$aJendrusch, G.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHenke, H.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHermichen, HG.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHeck, H.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11969.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11970
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11970$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11970$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA357.5.G47
=082  04$a531/.163$223
=100  1\$aKietlinski, K.,$eauthor.
=245  13$aAn Attempt to Predict a Risk of Some of the Knee Region Ski Injuries by Means of Computer Simulations /$cK. Kietlinski, C. Rzymkowski.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aThe thesis presented tries to explain some aspects of the phenomenon of ski injuries and also shows the mechanisms through which there is high risk of soft tissue injury. Based on studies about possible injury mechanisms to the soft tissues of the knee joint, two common knee injuries were selected to be studied: “Two-skier impact” and “Boot Induced Anterior Drawer.” A multi-body skier model with flexible elements equipped with a FEM model of the knee joint was developed for the presented work. The solutions obtained confirmed by a majority that for the previously listed mechanisms a high risk of cruciate ligaments injury occurs, especially for the ACL. No damage to the collateral ligaments, the MCL and the LCL, was noticed in any of the cases considered.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMultibody systems.
=650  \0$aDiscrete element method.
=650  \0$aBoot induced.
=650  \0$aKnee injury mechanism.
=650  \0$aACL injury.
=650  \0$aMultibody.
=650  \0$aSkiing safety.
=650  14$aSkiing safety.
=650  24$aKnee injury mechanism.
=650  24$aBoot induced.
=650  24$aACL injury.
=650  24$aMultibody.
=700  1\$aRzymkowski, C.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11970.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11972
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11972$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11972$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQH84.1
=082  04$a577.5/86$223
=100  1\$aLingelbach, B.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aContrast Enhancing Filters in Ski Sports /$cB. Lingelbach, G. Jendrusch.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aThe need to visually recognize irregularities in the terrain, such as hummocks or hollows, is necessary for the skier to react appropriately. The state of the art is to use blue attenuator filters or grey filters as sunglasses. But without knowledge of the spectra, e.g., the surface of the slope, it is impossible to choose or develop an optimal filter. We measured the spectra of snow under various conditions. These data served as a base to develop a new kind of filter suitable for skiing. Some physiological evidence is given why this new kind of filter is optimal for skiing. The filters are already used by the German Ski Federation World Cup team (women) in both training and competition.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAlpine regions.
=650  \0$aMountain ecology.
=650  \0$aSkiing goggle.
=650  \0$aAlpine skiing.
=650  \0$aColor vision.
=650  \0$aContrast perception.
=650  14$aContrast perception.
=650  24$aColor vision.
=650  24$aSkiing goggle.
=650  24$aSafety in winter sports.
=650  24$aAlpine skiing.
=700  1\$aJendrusch, G.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11972.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11986
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11986$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11986$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQP363.3
=082  04$a573.8$223
=100  1\$aDodds, RH.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aModeling of Three-Dimensional Effects on Fatigue Crack Closure Processes in Small-Scale Yielding /$cRH. Dodds, S. Roychowdhury.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (19 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b36
=520  3\$aIn ductile metals, plasticity-induced closure of fatigue cracks often retards significantly measured crack growth rates in the Paris regime and contributes strongly to the observed R-ratio effect in experimental data. This work describes a similarity scaling relationship based on the 3D small-scale yielding framework wherein the thickness, B, defines the only geometric length-scale of the model. Dimensional analysis suggests a scaling relationship for the crack opening loads relative to the maximum cyclic loads (Kop/Kmax) governed by the non-dimensional load parameter ) governed by the non-dimensional load parameter  = Kmax/σ0 √B, i.e., a measure of the in-plane plastic zone size normalized by the thickness. Both Kop and Kmax refer to remotely applied values of the mode I stress-intensity factor. Large-scale, 3D finite element analyses described here demonstrate that Kop/Kmax values vary strongly across the crack front in thin sheets but remain unchanged when values vary strongly across the crack front in thin sheets but remain unchanged when Kmax, B, and σ0 vary to maintain  = constant. The paper also includes results to demonstrate that the scaling relationship holds for non-zero values of the T-stress (which affect the Kop/Kmax values) and for an overload interspersed in the otherwise constant amplitude cycles. The present results focus on values) and for an overload interspersed in the otherwise constant amplitude cycles. The present results focus on R = Kmin/Kmax = 0 loading, although the scaling relationship has been demonstrated to hold for other = 0 loading, although the scaling relationship has been demonstrated to hold for other R > 0 loadings as well. The new similarity scaling relationship makes possible more realistic estimates of crack closure loads for a very wide range of practical conditions from just a few analyses of the type described here.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aNeuronal Plasticity.
=650  \0$aSynapses physiology.
=650  \0$aCrack closure.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aSimilarity scaling.
=650  \0$aThree dimensional.
=650  \0$aFinite elements.
=650  \0$aContact.
=650  \0$aPlasticity.
=650  14$aFatigue.
=650  24$aCrack closure.
=650  24$aPlasticity.
=650  24$aThree dimensional.
=650  24$aFinite elements.
=650  24$aContact.
=650  24$aSimilarity scaling.
=700  1\$aRoychowdhury, S.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11986.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11987
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11987$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11987$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTL721.B5
=082  04$a629.13/092/4$223
=100  1\$aAltus, E.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSize Effect of Microdamage Growth and Its Relation to Macro Fatigue Life /$cE. Altus.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b14
=520  3\$aIn its initial evolution stage, fatigue damage consists of many microdamage sites, having random sizes and locations. The way in which these sites grow and coalesce has a crucial effect on the macro fatigue life. A statistical micromechanic fatigue model has been developed, in which the material is composed of microelements of random strength with a certain probabilistic dispersion parameter (β). In addition, the model takes into account local interactions between damaged microelements and their first neighbors by considering a failure sensitivity factor (c), which is the probability that the neighbor will survive the local (micro) stress concentration. It was shown analytically in previous studies that β is proportional to the S-N power intensity, and ln(1-c) is proportional to the macro endurance limit. In this study, the analysis is generalized to the case where the growth of each micro-damage is size dependent, i.e., each damage site grows at a rate which depends on its current size. The strength of this rate-size relation controls the order of the governing differential equation. It was found that certain “microdamage growth laws” still preserve the macro power law, so that the power on the S-N diagram can be directly related to the local microdamage evolution. While the analytical micro-macro relation is still under current study, a numerical simulation of fatigue damage evolution has been obtained and revealed that the macro S-N power law prevails in spite of the noticable complexity.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aEndurance flights.
=650  \0$aAir pilots.
=650  \0$aFlying-machines.
=650  \0$aDamage.
=650  \0$aEndurance.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aFractals.
=650  \0$aMicromechanics.
=650  \0$aPower laws.
=650  \0$aStatistics.
=650  14$aMicromechanics.
=650  24$aDamage.
=650  24$aFatigue.
=650  24$aFractals.
=650  24$aEndurance.
=650  24$aStatistics.
=650  24$aPower laws.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11987.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11988
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11988$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11988$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRC963.48
=082  04$a155.9/042$223
=100  1\$aDaniewicz, SR.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Effect of Load Reduction Scheme on Crack Closure in the Near-Threshold Regime /$cSR. Daniewicz.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b20
=520  3\$aThree-dimensional elastic-plastic finite element analyses were conducted to model fatigue crack growth in an M(T) specimen. Variable amplitude loading with a continual load reduction was used to simulate the load history associated with fatigue crack growth threshold measurement. Load reductions with both constant load ratio R and constant maximum stress intensity Kmax were used.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aJob stress.
=650  \0$aWork Schedule Tolerance$xpsychology.
=650  \0$aWorkload.
=650  \0$aThreshold.
=650  \0$aCrack closure.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aCrack propagation.
=650  14$aFatigue.
=650  24$aCrack propagation.
=650  24$aThreshold.
=650  24$aCrack closure.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11988.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11990
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11990$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11990$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.42
=082  04$a620.1/126$223
=100  1\$aKondo, Y.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aInterpretation of Material Hardness, Stress Ratio, and Crack Size Effects on the ΔKth of Small Cracks Based on Crack Closure Measurement /$cY. Kondo, C. Sakae, M. Kubota, M. Kashiwagi.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aFatigue tests were performed on materials containing small cracks to investigate the effects of material hardness, mean stress, and crack size on the threshold stress intensity factor of small cracks. The crack closure measurement on a very small crack was done. Although most of those effects could be explained by the characteristic behavior of crack closure in small cracks, it was also shown that (ΔKeff)th was also affected by crack size. The combination of (ΔKeff)th and the crack closure behaviors caused the peculiar characteristics of ΔKth in small cracks. At an extremely high R region, an unusual decrease in ΔKth was found to occur. The large reduction occurred under the conjunction of three factors: extremely high stress ratio higher than 0.8, shallow crack less than a few tenths of a millimeter, and hard material whose HV is higher than 300. The near-threshold fatigue crack propagation rate could be uniquely evaluated even in such a short crack regime using the effective stress intensity factor with the following modification {ΔKeff − (ΔKeff)th,a}. This expression could be applicable in the short crack regime. ΔKeff still plays a role as the governing parameter for fatigue crack propagation of short crack as short as 0.04 mm.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFracture Mechanics.
=650  \0$aFatigue threshold.
=650  \0$aCrack closure.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aSmall crack.
=650  \0$aStress ratio.
=650  \0$aHardness.
=650  \0$aFatigue limit.
=650  14$aFatigue.
=650  24$aFatigue limit.
=650  24$aSmall crack.
=650  24$aFatigue threshold.
=650  24$aHardness.
=650  24$aStress ratio.
=650  24$aCrack closure.
=650  24$aThreshold stress intensity factor.
=700  1\$aSakae, C.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKubota, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKashiwagi, M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11990.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11991
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11991$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11991$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRC963.48
=082  04$a155.9/042$223
=100  1\$aJoyce, JA.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEvaluation of the Effect of Crack Tip Constraint on Fatigue Crack Growth Rate in Inconel 718 /$cJA. Joyce.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (18 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aThe objective of this work has been to characterize the fatigue crack growth rate of Inconel 718 in the elastic and elastic-plastic regimes. The major new contribution here is to develop fatigue crack growth rate data on this alloy using shallow crack specimens subjected to cyclic loadings that involve material plasticity exceeding what is allowed by the standard Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics (LEFM) procedures of ASTM E 647.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aJob stress.
=650  \0$apsychology.
=650  \0$aCyclic J-integral.
=650  \0$aShallow cracks.
=650  14$aHigh cycle fatigue crack growth.
=650  24$aElastic-plastic fatigue crack growth.
=650  24$aCyclic J-integral.
=650  24$aShallow cracks.
=650  24$aLow cycle fatigue crack growth.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11991.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11997
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11997$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11997$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRC455.2.C4
=082  04$a616.89/075$223
=100  1\$aPokluda, J.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAnalysis of Roughness-Induced Crack-Tip Shielding in Terms of Size Ratio Effect /$cJ. Pokluda, P. Šandera, J. Horniková.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b35
=520  3\$aA new theoretical concept is introduced to describe the roughness-induced shielding effects in metallic materials. It is based on the statistics of the local ratio between the characteristic microstructure distance and the plastic zone size. Both the crack branching and the crack closure phenomena are generally described in the frame of linear elastic fracture mechanics under the assumption of the remote Mode I loading. Using this approach, intrinsic values of fracture toughness and fatigue crack growth threshold can be determined, and the roughness-induced component can be separated from other closure components, such as plasticity or oxide induced closure. In order to estimate the total RIS effect, standard material data as the yield stress, the mean grain size, the surface roughness, and the fracture mode are only necessary. Application examples concerning static fracture and fatigue are presented for UHSLA steels, ARMCO iron, aluminum, and titanium alloys.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aDiagnostic and statistical manual.
=650  \0$aMental illness.
=650  \0$aCrack closure.
=650  \0$aCrack branching.
=650  \0$aStatistical approach.
=650  14$aRoughness-induced shielding.
=650  24$aCrack branching.
=650  24$aCrack closure.
=650  24$aSize ratio.
=650  24$aStatistical approach.
=700  1\$aŠandera, P.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHorniková, J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11997.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI11999
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI11999$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI11999$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aKF5130.S9
=082  04$a342.7302/9$223
=100  1\$aHöhler, S.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSelection of Material for Welded Steel Structures Based on Fracture Mechanics /$cS. Höhler, G. Sedlacek.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aThe European technical rules for the design of steel structures (Eurocode 3) offer a method to select steels to avoid brittle fracture. This concept is available for members subject to fatigue loads and is based on a safety assessment using fracture mechanics, applying stress intensity factors (K-concept). In order to extend these rules to members with predominant static loads, investigations have been carried out for typical details as used in buildings, both experimentally and theoretically. The details investigated were welded connections of solid bars or I-profiles with slotted gusset plates. The experimental studies included large scale tests using test specimens with initial cracks at locations of high stress concentrations. For the theoretical studies, the K-concept was applied. Formulae for K-requirements were developed for such details with numerical simulations using BE- (Boundary Element-) methods. The results allow an extension of the rules in Eurocode 3.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSteel industry and trade.
=650  \0$aConstitutional law.
=650  \0$aBrittle fracture.
=650  \0$aCrack growth.
=650  \0$aSteel structures.
=650  14$aBrittle fracture.
=650  24$aSteel structures.
=650  24$aToughness requirements.
=650  24$aBoundary element methods.
=650  24$aCrack growth.
=700  1\$aSedlacek, G.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI11999.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12002
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12002$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12002$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRA648
=082  04$a614$223
=100  1\$aMueller, F.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aInfluence of Crack-Surface Oxidation on Creep-Fatigue Crack Behavior of 1Cr- and 10Cr-Steels /$cF. Mueller, A. Scholz, C. Berger.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aHigh temperature components with notches, defects, and flaws can introduce crack initiation and crack propagation under service conditions. Fracture mechanics procedures are needed to study crack problems and to support an advanced remnant life evaluation. Since a more flexible service mode of steam power plants causes a higher number of start-up and shut-down events, creep-fatigue crack behavior is decisive for life assessment and integrity of components. Usually, fracture mechanics experiments are carried out under air conditions, although in cases of internal cracks they are not in contact with air. Therefore, it is of interest to realize the degree to which environmental conditions, e.g., crack-tip oxidation, can influence crack initiation and crack growth behavior.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$ashielded gas.
=650  \0$aMustard gas Toxicology.
=650  \0$aChemical agents.
=650  \0$aCrack initiation.
=650  \0$aCrack propagation.
=650  \0$aAir and shielded gas.
=650  14$aCreep-fatigue conditions.
=650  24$aCrack propagation.
=650  24$aCrack initiation.
=650  24$aModified Two-Criteria-Diagram.
=650  24$aAir and shielded gas.
=650  24$a1CrMo(Ni)V-steel.
=650  24$a10CrMoWVNbN-steel.
=700  1\$aScholz, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBerger, C.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12002.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12003
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12003$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12003$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQP458
=082  04$a612.8/6$223
=100  1\$aSunder, R.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFractographic Reassessment of the Significance of Fatigue Crack Closure /$cR. Sunder.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (18 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b22
=520  3\$aExperiments were performed on Al-alloy test coupons under specially programmed variable amplitude load sequences to assess crack closure as well as actual microscopic crack extension. Quantitative fractography of the fractures suggests that closure can account for only a fraction of observed load interaction effects. Much of the observed retardation may be attributed to the shielding effect of the overload plastic zone, which can occur even if the crack is fully open. The study also indicates that load sequence effects attributed to notch root stress-strain hysteresis can occur only if closure is absent.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSensory Thresholds.
=650  \0$aReference Standards.
=650  \0$aCrack closure.
=650  \0$aThresholds.
=650  14$aFatigue crack growth mechanisms.
=650  24$aThresholds.
=650  24$aResidual stress effect.
=650  24$aCrack closure.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12003.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12004
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12004$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12004$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTE7
=082  04$a388.1068$223
=100  1\$aSunder, R.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffect of Periodic Overloads on Threshold Fatigue Crack Growth in Al-Alloys /$cR. Sunder.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b22
=520  3\$aExperiments were performed on 10 mm thick C(T) specimens cut from Al-alloys to assess fatigue crack growth behavior under periodic overloads by comparison to constant amplitude loading. The tests were performed at a sufficiently high stress ratio to avoid crack closure, whose absence was confirmed from Load-COD response. ΔKth values were determined under these loadings in air, salt water, and vacuum. Even though closure was absent, ΔKth shows a systematic dependence on overload plastic zone ratio. Similar results were obtained in both air and salt water. In vacuum however, near threshold crack growth is accelerated by comparison to no-overload conditions, while higher growth rates see a reversal in this trend. These results appear to support the possibility that residual stress moderates crack-tip surface chemistry in near-threshold fatigue, an effect that ceases in vacuum.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBridge design.
=650  \0$aOptimization.
=650  \0$aCrack closure.
=650  \0$aEnvironmental action.
=650  \0$aPeriodic overloads.
=650  \0$aThresholds.
=650  14$aCrack growth mechanisms.
=650  24$aThresholds.
=650  24$aResidual stress effect.
=650  24$aCrack closure.
=650  24$aPeriodic overloads.
=650  24$aEnvironmental action.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12004.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12005
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12005$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12005$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQP363.3
=082  04$a573.8$223
=100  1\$aBahr, DM.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aTemperature Dependent Fracture Toughness of a Single Crystal Nickel Superalloy /$cDM. Bahr, W. Steven Johnson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aAn important application of nickel base superalloys is in the industrial gas turbine (IGT) industry, where the high temperature capabilities of these alloys are exploited. Extensive testing has focused on the tensile and fatigue properties of single crystal versions of these alloys. The single crystals are utilized in the hottest parts of the turbine, where a detailed knowledge of material behavior is critical to design and life assessment. However, studies on the effects of temperature on fracture toughness have largely been absent in both past and present literature. Therefore, the goal of this research is to characterize the fracture toughness properties of a second-generation single crystal nickel superalloy at elevated temperatures. The experimental methods follow ASTM guidelines, as does the analysis for the elastic (K) and plastic (J integral) deformation. The toughness values were invalid for plain strain fracture toughness, but this should be expected from a structural material. In spite of this fact, both the K- and J-based analyses reveal consistent trends. Increased plasticity at elevated temperatures results in an overall increase in toughness as temperature increases. Unusual cases with inclined pre-cracks and microstructural defects did not technically yield valid results, although they were consistent with the nominal cases. Overall, the results indicate that the toughness of single crystal nickel alloys is actually quite high. Thus, the lack of work in this subject is understandable. However, it would seem that any design and lifting work would benefit from an understanding of such a fundamental property.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aNeuronal Plasticity.
=650  \0$aSynapses physiology.
=650  \0$aElevated temperature.
=650  \0$aAngled pre-crack.
=650  \0$aPlasticity.
=650  14$aPlasticity.
=650  24$aElevated temperature.
=650  24$aAngled pre-crack.
=700  1\$aSteven Johnson, W.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12005.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12010
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12010$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12010$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA658.44
=082  04$a624.18341$223
=100  1\$aSmaoui, N.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMechanical Properties of ASR-Affected Concrete Containing Fine or Coarse Reactive Aggregates /$cN. Smaoui, B. Bissonnette, M-A Bérubé, B. Fournier, B. Durand.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b27
=520  3\$aThis experimental study was conducted to investigate the effects of the alkali-silica reactivity (ASR) on the mechanical properties of concrete, and in particular the strength and the modulus of elasticity under direct tension. Two highly reactive aggregates, a coarse (Québec City limestone) and a fine (Texas sand) were used. The results suggest that the effects of ASR on the mechanical properties of concrete may vary with the reactive aggregate involved. At least, they depend on the particle size and/or the degree of reactivity of this aggregate. The direct tensile strength was the mechanical property of concrete, the most affected and the most-rapidly affected by ASR. At 0.1 % expansion, for instance, concrete cylinders cast with the Québec City limestone showed moderate losses of 16 % in compressive strength and in splitting strength (Brazilian test), but as high as 48 % in direct tensile strength. The modulus of elasticity presented similar values in compression and in direct tension, and its reduction also gives a very good idea of the progress of the damage due to ASR. At 0.1 % expansion, for instance, concrete cylinders containing the Québec City limestone showed a loss in modulus of 19 % in direct tension and 23 % in compression.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aTall buildings.
=650  \0$aConcrete.
=650  \0$aCompressive strength.
=650  \0$aSplitting strength.
=650  \0$aAggregates.
=650  \0$aMechanical properties.
=650  \0$aModulus of elasticity.
=650  14$aAggregates.
=650  24$aAlkali-aggregate reaction.
=650  24$aAlkali-silica reaction.
=650  24$aCompressive strength.
=650  24$aConcrete.
=650  24$aDirect tensile strength.
=650  24$aMechanical properties.
=650  24$aModulus of elasticity.
=650  24$aSplitting strength.
=700  1\$aBissonnette, B.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBérubé, M-A,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFournier, B.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDurand, B.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12010.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12013
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12013$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12013$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA459
=082  04$a620.1623$223
=100  1\$aZhao, W.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aStructural Reliability Analysis of Railroad Tank Cars Subjected to Fatigue and Corrosion /$cW. Zhao, MA. Sutton.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b25
=520  3\$aReliability analysis of tank car structures undergoing fatigue crack growth and general corrosion (tank wall thinning) is illustrated to support informed decision-making and planning for reliability-centered maintenance. Two specific mechanisms that contribute to tank car deterioration are considered: (1) corrosion with negligible fatigue crack growth; and (2) corrosion-accelerated fatigue crack growth. Reliability analysis of corrosion-accelerated fatigue crack growth is performed with a time-dependent tank wall thickness reduction and a fatigue crack growth model that incorporates a three-degrees-of-freedom surface crack obeying Walker crack growth law under tank car spectrum loading. System reliability problems involving multiple corrosion sites are considered to illustrate important features of failure probability for a series system in relation to failure probability of individual corrosion sites.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMetals.
=650  \0$aCorrosion and anti-corrosives.
=650  \0$aAlloys.
=650  \0$aFatigue crack growth.
=650  \0$aSurface crack.
=650  \0$aSeries system.
=650  \0$aGeneral corrosion.
=650  \0$aRailroad tank car.
=650  \0$aFailure probability.
=650  \0$aSystem reliability.
=650  14$aStructural reliability.
=650  24$aFailure probability.
=650  24$aSeries system.
=650  24$aSystem reliability.
=650  24$aGeneral corrosion.
=650  24$aFatigue crack growth.
=650  24$aRailroad tank car.
=650  24$aSurface crack.
=700  1\$aSutton, MA.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12013.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12017
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12017$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12017$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aLB1576
=082  04$a808/.042/071$223
=100  1\$aKujawski, D.,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA New Method for Opening Load Determination from Compliance Measurements /$cD. Kujawski, S. Stoychev.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aA brief review of the most popular compliance based methods for determination of the crack opening load is included in the introduction. This review reveals the demand for a noise resistant method that is especially needed in the near-threshold region where a partial crack closure prevails and the existing ASTM method does not calculate the correct opening load. With this in mind, a new technique was developed (‘Q’ method). It uses integration instead of differentiation of the compliance data. It also accounts for the partial crack closure situations. The derivation of the Q method is discussed together with its relation to the ASTM procedure, and both methods were used to analyze experimental data of 2324-T39 and 7475-T7351 Al alloys tested at 0.1 and 0.9 load ratios. On average the crack opening load values from the Q method are smaller by the factor of about 2/π in comparison to those obtained from the ASTM procedure.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCorrelation with content subjects.
=650  \0$aEnglish language.
=650  \0$aComposition and exercises.
=650  \0$aCrack opening load.
=650  \0$aCompliance.
=650  \0$aCrack closure.
=650  \0$aPartial crack closure.
=650  \0$aCorrelation.
=650  \0$aLoad ratio.
=650  14$aCrack opening load.
=650  24$aCrack closure.
=650  24$aPartial crack closure.
=650  24$aCompliance.
=650  24$aLoad ratio.
=650  24$aCorrelation.
=700  1\$aStoychev, S.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12017.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12022
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12022$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12022$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQA935
=082  04$a531/.1133$223
=100  1\$aJoyce, JA.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEvaluation of the Effect of Biaxial Loading on the To Reference Temperature Using a Cruciform Specimen Geometry /$cJA. Joyce, RE. Link, J. Gaies.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (18 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b15
=520  3\$aA series of 12 cruciform geometry fracture toughness specimens has recently been tested using A533B base plate obtained from the decommissioned Shoreham plant pressure vessel. Specimens were tested at −100°C, placing them in the lower ductile to brittle transition of this ferritic structural steel. The overall objective of this work is to compare the results of these biaxial cruciform tests to the results of standard and shallow crack fracture toughness tests to assess the effect of biaxial loading on the measured master curve and the To reference temperature as defined by ASTM E 1921. Previous work done at Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) appeared to demonstrate an increase in the To reference temperature due to the presence of the biaxial stress field established in the cruciform test geometry. Because of the cost of the ORNL tests, only a few specimens could be run, and full statistical support of the “biaxial effect” could not be demonstrated. A second goal is to demonstrate that smaller size specimens, and hence lower cost tests, can be used to evaluate the magnitude of the biaxial effect in nuclear reactor pressure vessel materials. This report presents a brief overview of the test procedure, presents the test results, and compares the results to the database available on standard and shallow crack fracture toughness results available for the Shoreham plate material.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aElastic waves.
=650  \0$aWaves & Wave Mechanics.
=650  \0$aMaster Curve.
=650  \0$aBi-axial loading.
=650  \0$aJ-integral.
=650  14$aJ-integral.
=650  24$aElastic-plastic fracture.
=650  24$aBi-axial loading.
=650  24$aDuctile to brittle transition.
=650  24$aMaster Curve.
=650  24$aTo reference temperature.
=700  1\$aLink, RE.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGaies, J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12022.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12023
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12023$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12023$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRC377
=082  04$a616.8/34$223
=100  1\$aZonker, HR.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aUse of ACR Method to Estimate Closure and Residual Stress Free Small Crack Growth Data /$cHR. Zonker, GH. Bray, K. George, MD. Garratt.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b14
=520  3\$aLife predictions for small cracks emanating from material inhomogeneities or small flaws caused by manufacturing or corrosion damage are becoming increasingly important for several reasons, including: concerns over widespread fatigue damage; a shift in philosophy for fatigue initiation design from stress-life (S-N) to the equivalent initial flaw size (EIFS) approach, and the greater usage of unitized structure. For these reasons, development of accurate fatigue crack growth rate (FCGR) data in the near threshold region is needed, which is not influenced by closure or residual stress. Threshold data ARE often generated from long crack specimens by load shedding as outlined in ASTM E 647. However, this data can be non-conservative and variable due to load history effects caused by crack closure. Generating closure-free short crack FCGR data requires much more sophisticated instrumentation and testing techniques than long crack testing, making it prohibitively expensive to perform on a routine basis. Small crack tests also sample only a small volume of material and typically exhibit large scatter, so multiple tests must be performed in order to determine the typical or average behavior of the material. As a result of these disadvantages, use of long crack tests to estimate short crack behavior is the preferred approach.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aNeurology.
=650  \0$aExercise therapy.
=650  \0$aFatigue threshold.
=650  \0$aCrack closure.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aCrack propagation.
=650  \0$aResidual stress.
=650  14$aFatigue.
=650  24$aFatigue threshold.
=650  24$aCrack propagation.
=650  24$aEffective stress intensity.
=650  24$aCrack closure.
=650  24$aResidual stress.
=650  24$aAdjusted compliance ratio.
=700  1\$aBray, GH.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGeorge, K.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGarratt, MD.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12023.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12024
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12024$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12024$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRG628.3.U58
=082  04$a618.3207543$223
=100  1\$aMorrissey, RJ.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aUltrasonic Fatigue Testing of Ti-6Al-4V /$cRJ. Morrissey, PJ. Golden.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aThe objective of this research was to investigate the high cycle fatigue behavior of a titanium alloy using an ultrasonic fatigue system. Fatigue testing up to one billion cycles under fully reversed loading conditions was performed to determine the ultra-high cycle fatigue behavior of Ti-6Al-4V. Endurance limit results were compared to similar data generated on conventional servohydraulic test systems and electromagnetic shaker systems to determine if there are any frequency effects. In addition, specimens were tested with and without cooling air to determine the effects of temperature on the fatigue behavior. Results indicate that the fatigue strength determined from ultrasonic testing was consistent with conventional testing. However, preliminary results indicate that cooling air may increase the fatigue limit stress at very long lives.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFetus Ultrasonic imaging Social aspects.
=650  \0$aUltrasonography, Prenatal utilization.
=650  \0$aUltrasonic.
=650  \0$aHigh cycle fatigue.
=650  \0$aEndurance limit.
=650  14$aHigh cycle fatigue.
=650  24$aUltrasonic.
=650  24$aTi-6Al-4V.
=650  24$aEndurance limit.
=700  1\$aGolden, PJ.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12024.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12025
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12025$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12025$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRB127
=082  04$a616/.0472$223
=100  1\$aJames, MA.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aLoad History Effects Resulting from Compression Precracking /$cMA. James, SC. Forth, JA. Newman.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (17 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b26
=520  3\$aCompression precracking (CPC) has seen renewed interest as a possible alternative procedure for generating fatigue crack growth threshold data with minimal load history effects, but recent testing confirms results from the literature that compression precracking does induce load history effects through residual stresses that influence subsequent fatigue crack growth test data. Using the CPC method, specimens are precracked with both maximum and minimum compressive loads. Compressive yielding occurs at the crack-starter notch, resulting in a local tensile residual stress field through which the fatigue crack must propagate. Although the tensile residual stress field contributes to the driving force for precracking, it also introduces the possibility of history effects that may affect subsequent fatigue crack growth. The tensile residual stress field elevates the local driving force at the crack tip, promoting higher crack growth rates than would be expected from the applied loading. This paper presents three-dimensional finite element results and experimental data for compact tension specimens that characterize the load history effects induced by compression precracking. The analysis results indicate that for low tensile loading levels near the threshold region, the residual stresses cause the calculated crack tip driving force to increase from the applied driving force by 25% or more. In addition, significant crack growth of about two times the estimated plastic zone size is needed to grow away from the residual stress field and reduce the calculated crack tip driving force to within 5% of the applied driving force. Experimental results show that growth of about two to three times the estimated plastic zone size is necessary to establish steady growth rates under constant ΔK loading for the materials and loading levels evaluated. Constant ΔK testing following compression precracking will demonstrate when residual stress effects are no longer significant and will ensure consistent growth rates.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPain perception.
=650  \0$aPain Medicine.
=650  \0$aThreshold.
=650  \0$aResidual stress.
=650  14$aCompression precracking.
=650  24$aResidual stress.
=650  24$aThreshold.
=650  24$aFinite element analysis.
=700  1\$aForth, SC.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNewman, JA.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12025.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12026
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12026$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12026$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTD898.14.M35
=082  04$a621.48/38$223
=100  1\$aForth, SC.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFatigue Crack Growth Rate and Stress-Intensity Factor Corrections for Out-of-Plane Crack Growth /$cSC. Forth, DJ. Herman, MA. James, WM. Johnston.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b10
=520  3\$aFatigue crack growth rate testing is performed using automated data collection systems that assume straight crack growth in the plane of symmetry and that use standard polynomial solutions to compute crack length and stress-intensity factors from compliance or potential drop measurements. Visual measurements used to correct the collected data typically include only the horizontal crack length, which underestimates the crack growth rates for cracks that propagate out-of-plane. The authors have devised an approach for correcting both the crack growth rates and stress-intensity factors based on two-dimensional mixed mode-I/II finite element analysis (FEA). The approach is used to correct out-of-plane data for 7050-T7451 and 2025-T6 aluminum alloys. Results indicate the correction process works well for high ΔK levels, but it fails to capture the mixed-mode effects at ΔK levels approaching threshold (da/dN ∼ 10−10 meter/cycle). Based on the results presented in this paper, the authors propose modifications to ASTM E 647: to be more restrictive on the limits for out-of-plane cracking (15°); to add a requirement for a minimum of two visual measurements (one at test start and one at test completion); and to include a note on crack twisting angles, with a limit of 10° being acceptable.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aRadioactive waste disposal.
=650  \0$aSpent reactor fuels.
=650  \0$aMixed-mode.
=650  \0$aOut-of-plane.
=650  \0$aFatigue crack growth.
=650  \0$aAluminum.
=650  14$aFatigue crack growth.
=650  24$aMixed-mode.
=650  24$aStress-intensity factor.
=650  24$aAluminum.
=650  24$aOut-of-plane.
=700  1\$aHerman, DJ.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aJames, MA.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aJohnston, WM.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12026.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12027
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12027$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12027$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQ295
=082  04$a620.1126$223
=100  1\$aMeshii, T.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAssessment for Decrease in Threshold Stress Intensity Factor (SIF) Range Due to High Maximum SIF /$cT. Meshii, K. Ishihara, K. Watanabe.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b17
=520  3\$aIn this paper, we consider the decrease in threshold stress intensity factor (SIF) range ΔKth due to high maximum SIF K, which is observed for several materials in the tests with the Kmax constant method when closure-free conditions are realized. We proposed an assessment criterion to predict this phenomenon from the past data for Al and Ti and showed that the criterion is valid also for steels. Finally, we proposed a simplified model to explain the phenomenon, considering the fact that marks of static fracture are observed on the fracture surface.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSelf-organizing systems.
=650  \0$aMetals Fracture.
=650  \0$aStatic fracture mode.
=650  \0$aFatigue crack growth.
=650  \0$aFracture mechanics.
=650  14$aFracture mechanics.
=650  24$aFatigue crack growth.
=650  24$aThreshold stress intensity factor range.
=650  24$aStatic fracture mode.
=700  1\$aIshihara, K.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWatanabe, K.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12027.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12030
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12030$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12030$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.22
=082  04$a620.11217$223
=100  1\$aWasmer, K.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSensitivity of Creep Crack Initiation and Growth in Plates to Material Properties Variations /$cK. Wasmer, KM. Nikbin, GA. Webster.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b21
=520  3\$aIn this paper, creep crack initiation and growth data are reported on type 316L(N) stainless steel at 650°C on compact tension (CT) specimens and on plates containing a semi-elliptical surface defect. The compact tension tests were carried out according to standard ASTM E 1457 procedures, and the results are plotted against experimental determinations of the creep fracture mechanics parameter C* derived from load-line displacement rate. Generally, satisfactory agreement is found between the CT specimen and plate results, although longer initiation times and slower cracking rates were observed in the plates consistent with the lower constraint anticipated in this specimen geometry. Also, predictions of the cracking behavior of the plates have been made using deterministic and probabilistic methods. In the former case, combinations of upper and lower bound material properties were used, which were based on the ± 2 standard deviation (± 2SD) limits obtained from the measured scatter in the data. In the latter, a Monte Carlo simulation was adopted. It is found that the combination of bounds (± 2SD) giving the shortest failure time corresponds with a failure probability of about 0.05 % from the probabilistic calculations.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMicrostructure.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aCrack growth.
=650  \0$aCrack initiation.
=650  \0$aLife prediction.
=650  \0$aCreep.
=650  \0$aProbabilistics.
=650  14$aCreep.
=650  24$aFatigue.
=650  24$aCrack growth.
=650  24$aCrack initiation.
=650  24$aLife prediction.
=650  24$a316L(N)
=650  24$aProbabilistics.
=700  1\$aNikbin, KM.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWebster, GA.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12030.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12031
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12031$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12031$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD933
=082  04$a548/.842$223
=100  1\$aLee, H.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFretting Fatigue and Stress Relaxation Behaviors of Shot-Peened Ti-6Al-4V /$cH. Lee, S. Mall.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b17
=520  3\$aRelaxation behavior of residual stress and its effect on fretting fatigue response of shot-peened titanium alloy, Ti-6Al-4V were investigated at room and elevated temperatures under constant amplitude cycling condition using two contact configurations, cylinder on flat and flat on flat. Measurements by X-ray diffraction method before and after tests showed that residual compressive stress relaxed during fretting fatigue. Fretting fatigue life depended on the amount of stress relaxation as well as on the applied stress range. Elevated temperature induced more residual stress relaxation relative to that at room temperature, which, in turn, resulted in a reduction of fretting fatigue life. There was no effect of contact geometry on fretting fatigue life on the basis of the applied cyclic stress on the specimen, which did not account for any effects from contact stresses, even though less residual stress relaxation occurred with flat pad. A critical plane based fatigue crack initiation model, modified shear stress range parameter (MSSR), was computed from finite element analysis for tests incorporating various levels of stress relaxation. It showed that not only crack initiation but also crack propagation should be considered to characterize fretting fatigue behavior of shot-peened specimens.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aInternal friction.
=650  \0$aFretting fatigue.
=650  \0$aShot-peening.
=650  \0$aStress relaxation.
=650  \0$aResidual stress.
=650  14$aFretting fatigue.
=650  24$aResidual stress.
=650  24$aShot-peening.
=650  24$aStress relaxation.
=650  24$aCrack initiation parameter.
=700  1\$aMall, S.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12031.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12035
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12035$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12035$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aML420.C257C6
=082  04$a782.421660922$223
=100  1\$aPaffumi, E.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCrack Initiation, Propagation, and Arrest in 316L Model Pipe Components under Thermal Fatigue /$cE. Paffumi, K-F Nilsson, N. Taylor, R. Hurst, M. Bache.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (18 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b25
=520  3\$aThere is a continuing need for reliable thermal fatigue analysis tools to ensure that high safety levels are maintained in the main coolant lines of light water reactors. As a contribution to this effort, a combined experimental and numerical investigation has been conducted on cylindrical components of 316L stainless steel subjected to cyclic thermal shocks of varying intensity. It exploits a dedicated rig in which the tubular test pieces are subjected to induction heating and water quenching. Under the applied loading, a network of cracks initiates at the inner surface; some of these propagate further through the wall thickness. The number of cycles to crack initiation is estimated from surface replicas taken during intermittent stops, whereas the crack depth of fatigue cracks is measured using an ultrasound time of flight diffraction technique (TOFD). The analysis is done by a sequentially coupled thermal-stress finite element analysis using a cyclic plasticity model. Predictions of the crack initiation life (based on crack initiation curves as well as crack propagation models for microstructurally short cracks) are in good agreement with the test results. Crack propagation for small fatigue cracks was estimated by plastic strain amplitude based propagation formulas, whereas long crack propagation is analyzed by Paris law type criteria using ΔK as well as ΔCTOD.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFine Arts.
=650  \0$aReplica.
=650  \0$aThermal fatigue.
=650  \0$aCrack initiation.
=650  \0$aCrack propagation.
=650  \0$aCrack arrest.
=650  14$aThermal fatigue.
=650  24$a316L.
=650  24$aReplica.
=650  24$aTOFD.
=650  24$aCrack initiation.
=650  24$aCrack propagation.
=650  24$aCrack arrest.
=700  1\$aNilsson, K-F,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTaylor, N.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHurst, R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBache, M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12035.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12036
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12036$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12036$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aN8790
=082  04$a069/.54$223
=100  1\$aGubeljak, N.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffect of Residual Stresses on the Fatigue Crack Propagation in Welded Joints /$cN. Gubeljak, J. Predan, R. Pippan, M. Oblak.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (18 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aThe effect of residual stress on the fatigue crack growth was investigated for cyclic tension. Three-point bend specimens were used with through thickness notches at the center line of the welded joint. The experiments were performed for different load amplitudes and load ratios under conditions of small-scale yielding. The influence of the residual stresses on fatigue crack growth was estimated by experimentally observed fatigue crack growth rate and measurement of residual stresses at the surface of specimen. This paper describes an approach taken in two models to estimate the residual stress effect on fatigue crack propagation and to predict remaining service life of a welded structure.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aX-ray.
=650  \0$aRadiography.
=650  \0$aResidual stresses.
=650  14$aFatigue crack propagation.
=650  24$aResidual stresses.
=650  24$aX-ray.
=650  24$aFatigue crack growth rate.
=700  1\$aPredan, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPippan, R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aOblak, M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12036.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12037
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12037$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12037$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRA972
=082  04$a610.71/55$223
=100  1\$aOwolabi, GM.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aNotch-Root Elastic-Plastic Strain-Stress in Particulate Metal Matrix Composites Subjected to General Loading Conditions /$cGM. Owolabi, MNK Singh.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b20
=520  3\$aDetermining the stress and strain history at the point of highest stress concentration in particulate metal matrix composites (PMMCs) is complicated, particularly when they have a finite concentration of inclusions, the matrix material in the vicinity of the notch is elastic-plastic, and when multiaxial cyclic loads are applied to the component. In this paper, an analytical tool is developed to approximate notch root elastic-plastic strains and stresses in PMMC components subjected to multiaxial cyclic loads. The model consists of a set of linear relations that can be solved to estimate a notch root elastic-plastic strain and stress history in PMMCs from an elastic analysis. The model is developed using assumptions about notch root behavior, the incremental mean field theory, and the endochronic theory of plasticity. The model presented provides an easy to implement approximation to the otherwise rather complex non-linear problem. The analytical results are compared to the local strains, obtained using 3D image correlation technology, at the depth of a circumferential notch in a PMMC bar subjected to proportional and non-proportionally applied monotonic and cyclic axial-torsional loads. The results of the comparison show that the proposed model works well for the geometry and load paths considered.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$afatigue.
=650  \0$aSleep deprivation.
=650  \0$aResidents (Medicine)
=650  \0$aLow cycle fatigue.
=650  \0$aNeuber's Rule.
=650  \0$aEndochronic theory.
=650  \0$aMean field theory.
=650  14$aParticulate metal matrix composites.
=650  24$aMean field theory.
=650  24$aEndochronic theory.
=650  24$aLow cycle fatigue.
=650  24$aNeuber's Rule.
=700  1\$aSingh, MNK,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12037.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12038
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12038$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12038$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQA76.612
=082  04$a5.11$223
=100  1\$aWang, X.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aOn the Constraint-Based Failure Assessment of Surface Cracked Plates under Biaxial Loading /$cX. Wang, X. Yu.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b23
=520  3\$aSurface cracked plates under biaxial loading represent an excellent model of cracked welded structures experiencing complex loadings. For example, girth and seam welds in pressure vessels are subject to biaxial stress fields. In this paper, the constraint-based failure assessment of surface cracked plates under biaxial tension loading is presented. As a comparison, the assessment of surface cracked plates under uniaxial tension loading is also presented. The elastic T-stress is used as the constraint parameter. The calculation of the stress intensity factors, T-stresses and limit loads for surface cracks under biaxial/uniaxial loadings are discussed. Failure assessments for typical points along the crack front for surface cracks are conducted. The failure assessment results are compared with available experimental observations.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aConstraint programming.
=650  \0$aComputer science.
=650  \0$aLimit load.
=650  \0$aBiaxial loading.
=650  \0$aSurface crack.
=650  \0$aT-stress.
=650  \0$aConstraint.
=650  14$aSurface crack.
=650  24$aBiaxial loading.
=650  24$aFailure assessment diagram (FAD)
=650  24$aConstraint.
=650  24$aT-stress.
=650  24$aStress intensity factor.
=650  24$aLimit load.
=700  1\$aYu, X.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12038.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12040
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12040$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12040$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTJ181.5
=082  04$a621.8$223
=100  1\$aBeretta, S.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSimulation of Fatigue Crack Propagation in Railway Axles /$cS. Beretta, M. Carboni.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b22
=520  3\$aThe need for optimizing inspection intervals of wheelsets has led to increasing attention to those of railway axles. This paper addresses this issue by comparing predictions obtained by an EPFM model and two widely used fatigue crack growth softwares (namely AFGROW and NASGRO) with a set of propagation data derived from small and full-scale specimens made of 30NiCrMoV12, a high strength steel used for railway axles. Comparisons, made under constant amplitude and block loading, support the application of the considered fatigue crack growth algorithms to the estimation of inspection intervals.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aWheels.
=650  \0$aStrip-yield.
=650  \0$aBlock loading.
=650  \0$aFatigue crack growth.
=650  \0$aAxles.
=650  14$aAxles.
=650  24$aFatigue crack growth.
=650  24$aAFGROW.
=650  24$aNASGRO.
=650  24$aStrip-yield.
=650  24$aBlock loading.
=700  1\$aCarboni, M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12040.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12041
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12041$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12041$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.16
=082  04$a620.1/126$223
=100  1\$aDonoso, JR.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aConstruction of J-R Curves Using the Common and Concise Formats /$cJR. Donoso, J. Zahr, JD. Landes.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (17 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aA new method for constructing J-R curves is presented, which directly generates the J-Δa relation in a closed, analytical form. This new method makes use of the Concise Format and the Common Format, both developed by Donoso and Landes. These formats relate load, P, to ligament length, b, and displacement — in the elastic and in the plastic deformation ranges, respectively — and have proved useful in calculations in fracture mechanics. Key to the method is the postulate of a “crack growth law” —a power-law relation between crack extension, Δa, and plastic displacement — used to express Jpl in terms of material properties, size parameters, and crack extension, giving rise to a Jpl-Δa analytical expression, similar to the power law J = CI(Δa)C2 suggested in ASTM Standard Test Method for Measurement of Fracture Toughness (E 1820). A few examples are included to show the use of the method, and comparisons are made with suggested in ASTM Standard Test Method for Measurement of Fracture Toughness (E 1820). A few examples are included to show the use of the method, and comparisons are made with J-Δa curves calculated as per ASTM E 1820.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFracture Mechanics.
=650  \0$aBrittleness.
=650  \0$aTensiometers.
=650  \0$aTest evaluation.
=650  \0$aFracture toughness.
=650  \0$aJ-R curves.
=650  \0$aCommon format.
=650  \0$aConcise format.
=650  14$aJ-R curves.
=650  24$aTest evaluation.
=650  24$aDuctile fracture methodology.
=650  24$aCommon format.
=650  24$aConcise format.
=650  24$aFracture toughness.
=700  1\$aZahr, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLandes, JD.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12041.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12042
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12042$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12042$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA480.A6
=082  04$a620.1/866$223
=100  1\$aGolden, PJ.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Effect of Negative Stress Ratio Load History on High Cycle Fatigue Threshold /$cPJ. Golden, T. Nicholas.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (17 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b18
=520  3\$aThe objective of this research was to measure the load history effects of negative stress ratio loading on the high cycle fatigue (HCF) crack growth threshold of Ti-6Al-4V. Previous work has shown an increase in the HCF threshold that is dependent on the Kmax during the low cycle fatigue loading that nucleated a crack. The increase in fatigue limit was attributed to an overload effect from the LCF loading and was quantified through the use of a simple overload model. On the contrary, evidence from R = −1 testing suggests that negative overloads, referred to as underloads, may reduce this Kmax load history effect and even lower the threshold below long crack values. To investigate this further, smooth and notched Ti-6Al-4V specimens were pre-loaded in fatigue below their endurance limit at stresses expected to nucleate cracks in approximately 10 million and 100 000 cycles, respectively, and at stress ratios of −3.5 and −3, respectively. Although the smooth specimens could not be monitored for crack nucleation, the notched specimens allowed the use of an infrared damage detection system to monitor the localized region at the notch root for indications of crack nucleation. These cracked specimens were then heat tinted, and several were also stress relieved to remove load history effects. All of the preloaded specimens were then HCF step tested to determine the fatigue limit stress or threshold. Although the smooth bars showed little effect due to the preloading at negative R, the threshold results on the notched specimens that developed measurable cracks seem to show competing effects of underloading and Kmax overloading, dependent somewhat on precrack length. The specimens with smaller cracks nucleated at R = −3 tend to have a reduced HCF threshold compared to the conventional long crack threshold. Short crack effects and load-history effects are quantitatively explained with the aid of a Kitagawa diagram with an El Haddad short crack correction.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAluminum alloys.
=650  \0$aMechanical properties.
=650  \0$aOverload.
=650  \0$aThreshold.
=650  \0$aHigh cycle fatigue.
=650  \0$aFracture mechanics.
=650  \0$aSmall cracks.
=650  \0$aLoad history.
=650  14$aHigh cycle fatigue.
=650  24$aThreshold.
=650  24$aLoad history.
=650  24$aSmall cracks.
=650  24$aTi-6Al-4V.
=650  24$aOverload.
=650  24$aFracture mechanics.
=700  1\$aNicholas, T.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12042.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12044
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12044$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12044$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK7871.58.P6
=082  04$a621.384/12$223
=100  1\$aLee, EU.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEnvironmentally Influenced Fatigue in High Strength Steels /$cEU. Lee, AK. Vasudevan.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b34
=520  3\$aA study was conducted to identify the environmental influence on fatigue crack growth behavior of three high strength steels: AerMet 100, 300M, and 4340. These steels were subjected to fatigue tests under constant amplitude loading of frequency 10 Hz and stress ratios R = 0.1 and 0.9, in vacuum, air, and 3.5 % NaCl solution. The fatigue crack growth was characterized with two driving force parameters, stress intensity range, ΔK, and maximum stress intensity, Kmax. Especially, the variation of fatigue crack growth per time, da/dt, with Kmax in 3.5 % NaCl solution was evaluated with respect to R, environment, and threshold stress intensity for environmentally assisted cracking (EAC), KIEAC. In addition, the environmental influence on fatigue crack growth was examined with the fractographic features and trajectory path, drawn with the limiting values of ΔK and Kmax, ΔK* and Kmax*.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPower amplifiers.
=650  \0$aRadio frequency.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aTrajectory path.
=650  \0$aStress ratio.
=650  \0$aEnvironment.
=650  \0$aFrequency.
=650  14$aFatigue.
=650  24$aEnvironment.
=650  24$aConstant amplitude loading.
=650  24$aFrequency.
=650  24$aStress ratio.
=650  24$aEnvironmentally assisted cracking (EAC)
=650  24$aFractographic features.
=650  24$aTrajectory path.
=700  1\$aVasudevan, AK.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12044.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12045
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12045$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12045$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRC268.4
=082  04$a616.994$223
=100  1\$aNaumenko, VP.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAssessment of Plane Stress Tearing in Terms of Various Crack Driving Parameters /$cVP. Naumenko, GS. Volkov.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (21 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b49
=520  3\$aThe important role of mechanical parameters characterizing the global fracture behavior of a thin rectangular plate is demonstrated through comparison of various approaches to the investigation of ductile tearing at large amounts of stable crack extension. Tensile tests have been performed on middle-cracked specimens at different in-plane constraint states and on cruciform specimens. The latter geometry is treated as a physical counterpart of the basic structural element usually considered in model descriptions of tension- and/or compression-dominant crack geometries. Attention is focused on the simplest practical problem, namely, assessing the critical states of a center through crack under remote uniaxial tension. The case in point is a comprehensive assessment of the structural behavior of a thin-wall component where failure loads, displacements, and subcritical crack extensions must all be predicted from the crack growth data for a laboratory-size specimen of standard geometry.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMutation.
=650  \0$aGenomics.
=650  \0$aPlane stress tearing.
=650  \0$aCrack volume ratio.
=650  \0$aBoundary constraint.
=650  \0$aInstability.
=650  \0$aStress biaxiality.
=650  14$aPlane stress tearing.
=650  24$aBoundary constraint.
=650  24$aStress biaxiality.
=650  24$aInstability.
=650  24$aEnergy dissipation rate.
=650  24$aCrack-tip opening angle.
=650  24$aCrack-mouth opening angle.
=650  24$aCrack volume ratio.
=650  24$aDuctile aluminum alloy.
=700  1\$aVolkov, GS.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12045.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12050
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12050$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12050$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.38
=082  04$a624.1/8$223
=100  1\$aSchneider, JA.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMicrostructural Influences on the Development and Growth of Small Fatigue Cracks in the Near Threshold Regime /$cJA. Schneider, E. Kenik.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b15
=520  3\$aOrientation imaging microscopy (OIM) is being used to investigate the microstructural influence on small crack growth at the crack tip. Although grain and grain boundary orientations have been reported to influence small crack growth, the effect has been difficult to quantify. OIM uses electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) patterns in a scanning electron microscope (SEM) to form a spatially resolved map of crystal orientation, providing information on intra- and inter-grain orientation relationships.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$afatigue.
=650  \0$aBuilding materials.
=650  \0$aFatigue cracks.
=650  14$aFatigue cracks.
=650  24$aMicrostructural influence.
=650  24$aOIM.
=700  1\$aKenik, E.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12050.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12051
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12051$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12051$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA409
=082  04$a620.1/26$223
=100  1\$aWallin, KRW,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCritical Assessment of the Standard ASTM E 399 /$cKRW Wallin.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (21 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aThe plane-strain fracture toughness, KIC, defined by ASTM E 399, is assumed to represent a size insensitive lower bound value. The interpretation is due to the original work by George Irwin. In this work the consistency of the ASTM KIC plane-strain fracture toughness standard (ASTM E 399) is examined by reassessing the original data used to develop the standard, based on present knowledge about fracture micromechanisms. Originally, the standard was based on continuum mechanics assumptions, which have later been found inadequate to describe the real physical fracture process. The materials used for the development of ASTM E 399 were generally aluminum and titanium alloys or extra high strength steels. The materials had in common that their fracture micro-mechanism was ductile fracture, i.e., the materials showed a rising tearing resistance curve. Therefore, the fracture toughness did not show the expected decreasing trend with increasing specimen size, but generally the opposite trend. The specimen thickness was assumed to be the limiting dimension, even though much of the experimental data indicated that the specimen ligament size, not the thickness, controlled the fracture toughness value.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFracture mechanics.
=650  \0$aStructural dynamics.
=650  \0$aMaterial Science.
=650  \0$aTearing resistance.
=650  \0$aPlane-strain.
=650  \0$aFracture toughness.
=650  \0$aSize effects.
=650  14$aKIC.
=650  24$aE 399.
=650  24$aSize effects.
=650  24$aPlane-strain.
=650  24$aFracture toughness.
=650  24$aTearing resistance.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12051.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12053
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12053$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12053$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA347.F5
=082  04$a620.001/51825$223
=100  1\$aJames, MA.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCharacterization of Crack Length Measurement Methods for Flat Fracture with Tunneling /$cMA. James, JC. Newman.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b24
=520  3\$aThis paper compares area-average and unloading compliance crack-growth values with experimental crack-front shapes recorded at various stages of crack growth during fracture tests conducted on 2024-T351 aluminum alloy plate. Crack-front shapes were determined by fracturing the specimen up to a predetermined amount of crack growth and fatigue cycling the specimen for about 4000 cycles at a high stress ratio to mark the crack-front location. For each shape, the area-average and unloading compliance crack lengths were determined. Boundary collocation results provide an approximation to the δ5 unloading compliance crack length. The crack tunneling results show that the area-average technique produces crack-length measurements more representative of the straight-front finite element analyses than optical based surface measurements. The δ5 technique is significantly more sensitive to tunneling than the CMOD technique and is easier to apply than the area-average technique.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFinite element method.
=650  \0$aEngineering mathematics.
=650  \0$aArea-average.
=650  \0$aResistance curve.
=650  \0$aUnloading compliance.
=650  \0$aTunneling.
=650  \0$aCrack growth.
=650  14$aCTOA.
=650  24$aCrack growth.
=650  24$aUnloading compliance.
=650  24$aArea-average.
=650  24$aTunneling.
=650  24$aδ5.
=650  24$aResistance curve.
=650  24$aFinite-element analysis.
=700  1\$aNewman, JC.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12053.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12072
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12072$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12072$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aHD9540.5
=082  04$a553.2/4$223
=100  1\$aRose, CD.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCalibration and Testing of On-Line Coal Analyzers /$cCD. Rose.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (23 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b8
=520  3\$aClassical least squares regression is commonly used for straight line fitting in field calibration of coal analyzers. The assumption in using ordinary least squares regression that the independent variable is not subject to error, when in fact both the independent and dependent variables are subject to error, leads to calibration biases. Also, Grubbs' estimators are often used in tests of analyzer measurement precision. The inherent assumption with use of Grubbs methodology for estimating analyzer precision that the analyzer is perfectly calibrated can result in test acceptance of an analyzer that is not measuring anything. This paper proposes use of a latent variables statistical model for both calibration and precision testing. Use of the latent variables model will result in better calibrations and more reliable assessments of analyzer performance. Application is demonstrated using data from a recent analyzer test.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$acoal.
=650  \0$aPollutants.
=650  \0$aEnvironmental aspects.
=650  \0$aPrecision testing.
=650  \0$aCoal analysis.
=650  \0$aCoal analyzers.
=650  \0$aGrubbs estimators.
=650  \0$aOn-line analysis.
=650  \0$aXRF analysis.
=650  14$aOn-line analysis.
=650  24$aCoal analyzers.
=650  24$aCoal analysis.
=650  24$aPGNAA analysis.
=650  24$aXRF analysis.
=650  24$aLatent variables model.
=650  24$aGrubbs estimators.
=650  24$aInstrument calibration.
=650  24$aPrecision testing.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12072.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12076
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12076$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12076$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aHD9540.5
=082  04$a553.2/4$223
=100  1\$aMcDonough, WG.,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Test Method to Determine the Fiber and Void Contents of Carbon/Glass Hybrid Composites /$cWG. McDonough, JP. Dunkers, KM. Flynn, DL. Hunston.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b3
=520  3\$aHybrid composites are increasingly being used in infrastructure, oil recovery, and aerospace applications. These hybrids generally combine two different types of fibers to reinforce the resin, thereby gaining some of the advantageous properties of both fibers. Typically, carbon and glass are used since this combines the high performance of the carbon with the low cost of the glass. The performance of such materials depends on a number of factors, including the mix ratio of the fibers as well as the fiber and void contents. At present, there is no simple way to determine these features. Although a number of techniques exist for measuring such parameters when only a single reinforcement is present, extension of these methods to hybrids can be difficult. The work here, however, shows that one technique, the burn off test in ASTM D 3171-99, can be extended to characterize carbon/glass hybrids. To verify this procedure, data were obtained for a series of samples with known compositions, and the agreement was excellent. The proposed method has minimal equipment requirements and provides a simple way to obtain important compositional information.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aElectrical and Electronic Engineering.
=700  1\$aDunkers, JP.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFlynn, KM.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHunston, DL.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12076.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12081
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12081$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12081$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aHD7262
=082  04$a363.11072/7$223
=100  1\$aLangran, M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSkiboard Injuries—A Three-Year Comparison with Alpine Skiing /$cM. Langran.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aSkiboarding is a relatively new snow sport that has increased in popularity in Scotland. All skiboard and alpine ski injuries over a three-year period at ski areas in Scotland were recorded and comparative data collected from uninjured skiboarders. 136 skiboard and 1362 alpine ski injuries were recorded, as well as data from 174 uninjured skiboarders. The profile of a typical skiboarder was a young male with little experience of the sport. Compared to alpine skiing, skiboarding was associated with a higher overall risk of injury and the highest fracture rate of any snow sport reported to date. Compared to alpine skiers, skiboarders sustained more injuries to the lower limb and higher rates of lower leg fractures. The nonrelease nature of a skiboard binding appears to be a major factor in the pattern of injuries seen on skiboards. Attention should be directed towards the development of an appropriate release binding mechanism for skiboards.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aoccupational injury.
=650  \0$aIndustrial accidents.
=650  \0$aHousing surveys.
=650  \0$aSkiboard.
=650  \0$aFracture.
=650  \0$aBinding.
=650  \0$aSkiing.
=650  \0$aRisk.
=650  \0$aInjury.
=650  14$aSkiboard.
=650  24$aSkiing.
=650  24$aInjury.
=650  24$aFracture.
=650  24$aRisk.
=650  24$aBinding.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12081.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12087
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12087$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12087$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aPN1997.B596
=082  04$a791.43/72$223
=100  1\$aRebouillat, S.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCut Performance Fundamentals and Norms Harmonization /$cS. Rebouillat, B. Steffenino.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (21 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aThe cut performance of articles made of high performance materials is currently evaluated using several norm procedures. These tend to diverge, in their predictiveness of the “real” in use performance of the considered protective articles, when the cut resistance of the compounding fiber increases. Although relationships exist between the various cut performance levels obtained using ASTM, ISO, and EN norms, the ASTM and ISO approaches remain the most suitable methods for cut level exceeding 3, as defined by the European EN388 standard, this normalized cut resistance measurement procedure is part of the ANSI/ISEA 105-2000 guidance. Various studies, such as the effect of the cutting speed and the speed profile, the force distributions, the artefacts generated by various spot coatings, etc., aim at improving the interpretation of the measured cut level. Therewith, substantial potential improvements of the cut fundamental understanding and the norm harmonization are brought to the attention of the end-users of mechanically resistant articles made of high performance fibers, such as para-aramid.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBlade runner.
=650  \0$aMotion picture.
=650  \0$aPara-aramid.
=650  \0$aCut mechanism.
=650  \0$aBlade profiles.
=650  \0$aCut fundamentals.
=650  \0$aKnitted structures.
=650  14$aCut mechanism.
=650  24$aHigh performance fibers.
=650  24$aKnitted structures.
=650  24$aCoated textile materials.
=650  24$aBlade profiles.
=650  24$aCut fundamentals.
=650  24$aPara-aramid.
=700  1\$aSteffenino, B.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12087.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12092
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12092$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12092$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aHE5614
=082  04$a363.125 C342$223
=100  1\$aShealy, JE.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aHow Fast Do Winter Sports Participants Travel on Alpine Slopes? /$cJE. Shealy, CF. Ettlinger, RJ. Johnson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b8
=520  3\$aThis study was developed to empirically determine the impact of the following variables on the speeds of skiers and snowboarders: activity [skiing versus snowboarding], visibility [clear and sunny sky versus cloudy, overcast conditions], type of resort [day, destination, or combination], and helmets [use or not of helmet]. The study also evaluated differences in speed between males and females and the ability of subjects to estimate their speed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aTraffic safety.
=650  \0$aCrash injuries Prevention.
=650  \0$aGender.
=650  \0$aHelmets.
=650  \0$aVisibility.
=650  14$aAlpine skiing and snowboarding.
=650  24$aSpeed.
=650  24$aHelmets.
=650  24$aVisibility.
=650  24$aGender.
=700  1\$aEttlinger, CF.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aJohnson, RJ.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12092.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12093
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12093$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12093$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aBF698.9.O3
=082  04$a155.2/64$223
=100  1\$aEttlinger, CF.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMethods for Improving the Efficiency of Alpine Ski Equipment Rental Operations /$cCF. Ettlinger, J. Shealy, RJ. Johnson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b4
=520  3\$aThe objective of this study was to develop principles and practices which could improve the efficiency and reliability of alpine ski equipment rental facilities operating in compliance with ASTM or ISO rental standards.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aindicator value.
=650  \0$aPersonality and occupation.
=650  \0$aSki equipment rental.
=650  \0$aCorrection factor.
=650  14$aSki equipment rental.
=650  24$aCorrection factor.
=650  24$aRelease indicator value.
=700  1\$aShealy, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aJohnson, RJ.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12093.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12095
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12095$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12095$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQH84.1
=082  04$a577.5/86$223
=100  1\$aShealy, JE.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aUsing Signal Detection Theory as a Model to Evaluate Release/Retention Criteria in Alpine Skiing /$cJE. Shealy, CF. Ettlinger, RJ. Johnson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b6
=520  3\$aThis study uses a methodology similar to Signal Detective Theory (SDT) to empirically evaluate the effectiveness of current release value recommendations as set by ASTM F 939 and ISO 8061. A ski-binding-boot system can be viewed as a signal detection device that must make a binary decision (release or retain) on the basis of a signal (the load passing through the boot-binding interfaces). The study population is what has come to be known as the Sugarbush study. This study of alpine ski injuries began in 1972 and continues to this day. For this analysis, we used the first 30 seasons of data (1972/73 through 2002/03) that consists of 6.08 million skier visits, 17 184 recorded injuries, 3458 controls, and more than 16 000 parking lot surveys. In this analysis, the rate of injuries due to self identified inadvertent releases (also known as ‘False Alarms’ or ‘FAs’) and the rate of mid-shaft tibial fractures (also known as ‘Misses’) were calculated and compared. Several analyses were made. SDT considers both failure modes: misses and false alarms. The results show strong evidence of improvement in SDT first 15 seasons and evidence of deterioration of the standard of care in the last 15 seasons versus the first 15 seasons. When the analysis was limited to the last ten seasons (1993/94 through 2002/03), we found that for all males versus all females the rate of the two failure modes was about equal for females, but males experienced about 50 % more FAs than Misses. This finding is significant at p<0.05. The analysis for different age groups indicates that for the 0–9 age group, the p(Miss) is 14.75 times higher than p(FA), which is significant at p<0.01. For the 10–16 age group, the p(Miss) is 1.26 times higher than p(FA), and this difference is not significant. For the 17–49 age group, the p(Miss) is 0.43 times p(FA), which is significant at p<0.005. For the 50 and older group, p(Miss) is 0.93 times p(FA), which is not significant. The binding release setting points for males and females under 10 appear to be too high in the sense that p(Miss) is much more likely than p(FA). ChiSq = 20.81. For skiers 10–16 years of age, no significant difference was noted between Miss and FA rates for males or females, or combined; thus, there is no basis for recommending any change in the setting recommendations for this group. Males 17–49, as well as 50 and older, are more likely to experience a FA than a Miss (2.1 × to 2.4 × higher). Females 17–49 are also more likely to experience a FA than a Miss (1.57 × higher). For both male and female 17–49 year age groups, the difference in FA and Miss rates is highly significant. Thus, skiers in the 17–49 age range are about twice as likely to experience a FA as a Miss, suggesting that the binding release setting points for these skiers may already be too low because FAs are more likely than Misses. This suggests a need to consider higher, not lower, settings for this age group, especially for males. For skiers 50 and over, there are no significant differences in the rates, so no change is recommended.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAlpine regions.
=650  \0$aPolar Regions.
=650  \0$aMountain ecology.
=650  \0$aAlpine skiing.
=650  \0$aInadvertent releases.
=650  14$aAlpine skiing.
=650  24$aInadvertent releases.
=650  24$aMid-shaft tibial fractures.
=700  1\$aEttlinger, CF.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aJohnson, RJ.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12095.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12098
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
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=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12098$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12098$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aHF5549.5.R3
=082  04$a658.3/125$223
=100  1\$aMcCullough, EA.,$eauthor.
=245  13$aAn Explanation and Comparison of Sweating Hot Plate Standards /$cEA. McCullough, J. Huang, CS. Kim.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b14
=520  3\$aThere are several standards that require the use of a hot plate apparatus for measuring the dry thermal resistance (insulation) and the evaporative resistance of fabrics: ASTM D 1518, ASTM F 1868, and ISO 11092. In addition, several National Fire Protection Association standards for protective clothing (NFPA 1951, 1971, 1977, and 1999) specify the use of this method. All of these methods measure the total resistance (i.e., the resistance of the fabric and the resistance of the surface air layer). The resistance of the air layer alone is determined by conducting a “bare plate” test. This air layer resistance is often subtracted from the total resistance to determine the fabric resistance values. Different standards use different terms for these resistances (Ret or Ref), and they report the resistances in different units (m2 · kPa/W or m2 · Pa/W). In addition, some methods call for guarded plates, whereas others use smaller plates, for which the experimenter must adjust the data for thick specimens to compensate for the lack of a guard. Some methods control the air velocity over the specimen, while others allow any air speed, as long as the calibration requirements on standard fabrics are met. This paper discusses the differences in test instruments, conditions, measured parameters, and units so that data from different labs can be compared and understood. In addition, data from an ASTM interlaboratory study is presented so that the repeatability and reproducibility of the different test protocols on a variety of materials can be discussed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPerformance standards.
=650  \0$aEmployees Rating of.
=650  \0$aSweating hot plate.
=650  \0$aFabric insulation.
=650  \0$aStandards.
=650  14$aSweating hot plate.
=650  24$aFabric insulation.
=650  24$aEvaporative resistance.
=650  24$aStandards.
=700  1\$aHuang, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKim, CS.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12098.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12099
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12099$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12099$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aKJE8781.E58
=082  04$a345/.0245$223
=100  1\$aYarborough, P.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aImprovements in the Measurement of Cut Protection Performance :$bRevisions to ASTM F 1790 /$cP. Yarborough, P. Schiffelbein.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (5 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b2
=520  3\$aWorkers exposed to mechanical hazards that could cause cuts or lacerations to the hands and arms have a need to understand the cut protection performance of protective apparel. Cut protection performance of clothing can be measured using CEN 388, ASTM International standard F 1790-97, and ISO 13997. The ASTM and ISO test methods employ force-distance testers to determine the cut resistance of a material when exposed to a cutting edge under specified loads. The latter two test methods provide a process for differentiating the cut protection performance of various materials such as cotton, leather, and high performance fibers.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aharmonization.
=650  \0$aEnvironmental law.
=650  \0$aCriminal law.
=650  \0$aCut resistance.
=650  \0$aCut test.
=650  14$aCut resistance.
=650  24$aCut test.
=650  24$aCPPT.
=650  24$aTDM.
=650  24$aHand and arm protection.
=650  24$aStandard harmonization.
=700  1\$aSchiffelbein, P.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12099.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12100
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12100$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12100$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aHD8039.C6
=082  04$a331.7/687$223
=100  1\$aCao, H.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDevelopment of a Cooling Capability Test Method for Liquid-Cooled Textile System /$cH. Cao, DH. Branson, J. Nam, S. Peksoz, CA. Farr.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aA test method to evaluate the cooling capability of a 30.5 cm × 30.5 cm or smaller liquid-cooled textile system used in liquid cooling garment development has been developed. The equipment used in this method is the sweating guarded hotplate, which is used primarily to measure thermal and evaporative resistance of clothing materials in accordance with ASTM F 1868. Using the sweating guarded hotplate, a constant heat flux from the hotplate to cold liquid can be obtained. Using the conductive heat transfer equation for data analysis, this test method provides consistent and reliable evaluation of the cooling capability over a wide range of cold liquid temperatures. This method can differentiate the cooling capabilities of alternative textile systems that might vary by fabric composition, tubing material, total tubing length, and other variables of interest. Based on the zero-intercept linear regression, the thermal resistance of the textile system can be estimated, and the cold temperature requirement for a target cooling capability can be predicted.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aClothing workers.
=650  \0$aSweating-system.
=650  \0$aHeat flux.
=650  \0$aCooling capability.
=650  14$aCooling capability.
=650  24$aLiquid cooling garment.
=650  24$aLiquid-cooled textile system.
=650  24$aSweating guarded hotplate.
=650  24$aHeat flux.
=700  1\$aBranson, DH.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNam, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPeksoz, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFarr, CA.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12100.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12103
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12103$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12103$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC981.8.C5
=082  04$a363.738/746071173$223
=100  1\$aSemeniuk, KM.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEvaluating the Physiological Performance of a Liquid Cooling Garment Used to Control Heat Stress in Hazmat Protective Ensembles /$cKM. Semeniuk, J-P Dionne, A. Makris, TE. Bernard, CD. Ashley, T. Medina.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the physiological performance of a liquid cooling garment in controlling heat stress in individuals wearing Hazmat protective ensembles. Five heat-acclimated male subjects completed three trials each: standard work clothing (WC), Hazmat suit (H), and a Hazmat suit with torso cooling (HC). All testing took place in an environmental chamber (35°C and 50 % relative humidity) with subjects walking on a treadmill at a metabolic rate of 300 W. Trials were performed until subjects completed the maximum 90 min, achieved the predetermined endpoints in core temperature (38.5°C) or heart rate (95 % of age predicted maximum), or symptoms of fatigue, disorientation, and discomfort forced the participant to discontinue or the researchers to end the test. A significant difference (P<0.05) between HC and H was found in final heart rate and core temperature (Tre), rate of change in heart rate and Tre, and exposure time. As well, HC was similar to WC in all measured physiological variables. It was concluded that a liquid cooling vest was beneficial in alleviating the heat stress caused by Hazmat protective ensembles.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aClimatic changes.
=650  \0$aGlobal environmental change.
=650  \0$aCore temperature.
=650  \0$aHeat stress.
=650  \0$aHazmat.
=650  \0$aVapor permeability.
=650  14$aLiquid cooling garment.
=650  24$aVapor permeability.
=650  24$aHazmat.
=650  24$aHeat stress.
=650  24$aThermoregulatory response.
=650  24$aCore temperature.
=700  1\$aDionne, J-P,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMakris, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBernard, TE.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAshley, CD.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMedina, T.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12103.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12104
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12104$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12104$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aE470.2
=082  04$a973.736$223
=100  1\$aWinterhalter, CA.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDevelopment of Electronic Textiles to Transport Data and Power in Future U.S. Military Protective Clothing Systems /$cCA. Winterhalter, J. Teverovsky, P. Wilson, J. Slade, B. Farell, W. Horowitz, E. Tierney.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b15
=520  3\$aThe focus of this paper is on the development of textile-based wearable electronics that can be integrated into military protective clothing. A materials and manufacturing survey was conducted to determine the best performing and most durable materials to withstand the rigors of textile manufacturing and potential military use. Narrow woven technology was selected as the most appropriate manufacturing method. A working wearable narrow fabric version of the Universal Serial Bus (USB), as well as a radiating conductor, were successfully developed and fabricated. Military products developed include components of a personal area network providing data and power transport and a body borne antenna integrated into a load-bearing vest.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAppomattox Campaign.
=650  \0$aMilitary campaigns.
=650  \0$aArmy.
=650  \0$aWearable antenna.
=650  \0$aSoldier.
=650  \0$aElectronic textiles.
=650  \0$aMilitary.
=650  14$aElectronic textiles.
=650  24$aTextile data and power bus.
=650  24$aPersonal area network.
=650  24$aWearable antenna.
=650  24$aMilitary.
=650  24$aArmy.
=650  24$aSoldier.
=700  1\$aTeverovsky, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWilson, P.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSlade, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFarell, B.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHorowitz, W.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTierney, E.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12104.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12105
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12105$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12105$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTJ163.3
=082  04$a658.2/6$223
=100  1\$aBranson, DH.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDevelopment of a Prototype Personal Cooling System for First Responders :$bUser Feedback /$cDH. Branson, CA. Farr, S. Peksoz, J. Nam, H. Cao.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b5
=520  3\$aA series of six focus groups in five U.S. cities was conducted as a component in a 3-year project to develop a prototype personal cooling system for first responders. The target user was a HAZMAT worker wearing level A and B ensembles, with a 30-min mission and an average body heat dissipation of 180 W. The purpose of the focus groups was to determine user needs, wants, and concerns early and progressively throughout the development of the prototype system to serve as design input. The first two focus groups provided information on the use of HAZMAT ensembles and thermal comfort problems associated with wearing the ensembles while working an incident, and reaction to a mock-up cooler system. Focus groups 3-6 provided user feedback on an alpha prototype system. All groups confirmed the need for a cooling system and the problem with moisture build-up within level A and B encapsulated suits. Reaction to the liquid-cooled vest was positive. An exterior location for the cooler unit was acceptable if users' concerns were addressed adequately.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aLiquid-cooling garment.
=650  \0$aUser feedback.
=650  \0$aCooling system.
=650  \0$aThermal comfort.
=650  14$aCooling system.
=650  24$aLiquid-cooling garment.
=650  24$aLevel A chemical protection.
=650  24$aLevel B chemical protection.
=650  24$aUser feedback.
=650  24$aThermal comfort.
=700  1\$aFarr, CA.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPeksoz, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNam, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aCao, H.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12105.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12109
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12109$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12109$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH7005
=082  04$a697$223
=100  1\$aRichards, MGM,$eauthor.
=245  10$aRevised Interlaboratory Study of Sweating Thermal Manikins Including Results from the Sweating Agile Thermal Manikin /$cMGM Richards, EA. McCullough.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b17
=520  3\$aRecently thermal and evaporative resistances of five clothing ensembles were measured using thermal manikins at six laboratories. For evaporative resistances, the manikin surfaces were wetted prior to or constantly during measurement. In this paper, previous resistance values are combined with results from the Sweating Agile Thermal Manikin of EMPA. For all ensembles, reproducibility of the intrinsic thermal resistance between labs improved by 4–9% after including EMPA results and a further 16–39% for four ensembles after excluding results from another lab. The intrinsic evaporative resistance reproducibility for three ensembles improved by 7–9% after including EMPA and by 7–29% excluding the other lab. In spite of these improvements, differences in manikin design, measurement, and calculation methodologies still account for the large reproducibilities ranging from 22–46% and from 41–38% for the intrinsic thermal and evaporative resistances, respectively. Presently, ASTM is drafting a new standard for sweating thermal manikins. Standardization and methodological improvement, including proposals presented here, should help to reduce these reproducibilities in future.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aProtective clothing.
=650  \0$aSweating.
=650  \0$aClothing insulation.
=650  \0$aThermal manikin.
=650  14$aThermal manikin.
=650  24$aSweating.
=650  24$aEvaporative resistance.
=650  24$aClothing insulation.
=650  24$aProtective clothing.
=700  1\$aMcCullough, EA.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12109.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12114
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12114$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12114$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRC87.7
=082  04$a617.11$223
=100  1\$aKeltner, NR.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEvaluating Thermal Protective Performance Testing /$cNR. Keltner.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b20
=520  3\$aEven as better materials are developed for protective clothing, NFPA data indicate the number of burn related fire fighter deaths and severe injuries is increasing. These injuries are unexpected for the most part. As a result, questions arise about Thermal Protective Performance (TPP) ratings and whether performance changes are due to use or the effects of aging. As part of a NIST-sponsored Small Business Innovative Research project, current TPP test techniques were evaluated. Some changes and extensions are suggested.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aThermal protective performance.
=650  \0$aBurn damage.
=650  \0$aTest.
=650  \0$aHeat flux.
=650  14$aThermal protective performance.
=650  24$aThermal skin simulant.
=650  24$aTest.
=650  24$aBurn damage.
=650  24$aHeat flux.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12114.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12115
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12115$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12115$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH9372
=082  04$a628.9/25$223
=100  1\$aTorvi, DA.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffects of Thermal Properties on Skin Burn Predictions in Longer Duration Protective Clothing Tests /$cDA. Torvi.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b15
=520  3\$aDifferent methods of predicting skin burns during bench top and full-scale tests of protective clothing are compared. A skin heat transfer and burn prediction model is also used to determine the effects of thermal properties of skin and blood flow rates on first, second, and third degree skin burn predictions for exposures used in longer duration tests of single and multiple-layer protective fabrics. Epidermis thickness can have a large effect on second degree burn predictions, while the dermis thickness can have a very large effect on third degree burn predictions. Subcutaneous thickness does not significantly affect burn predictions, while blood flow can affect third degree burn predictions. Results also indicate that care must be taken when analyzing burn predictions, as relatively small differences in skin temperatures can produce deceptively large differences in burn predictions when Henriques' burn integral is used.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aProtective clothing.
=650  \0$aSkin burn.
=650  \0$aBioheat transfer.
=650  \0$aFirefighter.
=650  \0$aTurnout gear.
=650  14$aProtective clothing.
=650  24$aSkin burn.
=650  24$aFirefighter.
=650  24$aBioheat transfer.
=650  24$aTurnout gear.
=650  24$aThermal protective performance test.
=650  24$aRadiant protective performance test.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12115.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12116
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12116$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12116$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aSD11
=082  04$a634.9$223
=100  1\$aSong, G.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffects of Simulated Flash Fire and Variations in Skin Model on Manikin Fire Test /$cG. Song, R. Barker, D. Thompson, R. Grimes.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b14
=520  3\$aAn established numerical model of a manikin fire test, which has the capability of predicting heat transfer through thermally protective clothing exposed to an intense heat environment, is described in this paper. The model considers the fire characteristics simulated in a manikin chamber as well as the insulating air layers between protective garments and the skin surface. The numerical model is applied to analyze the effects of simulated flash fire and variations in a skin model on a manikin test. The study demonstrates that the heat flux measured by 122 thermal sensors over the surface of the manikin exhibits a bell-shaped Gaussian distribution for a short duration in calibration burn. A series of flash fire data with different distributions was generated statistically, and the effects on burn predictions were investigated. The results suggest that the fire distribution affects the burn predictions for 4 s of exposure. The effects of initial temperature distribution, thermal properties, as well as involvement of blood perfusion in a skin model on burn predictions are also discussed. The model predictions demonstrate that the initial temperature distribution in a skin model has a large effect on burn predictions for a one-layer garment exposed to short duration flash fire conditions.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFlash fire.
=650  \0$aSkin model.
=650  \0$aBlood perfusion.
=650  \0$aFire distribution.
=650  \0$aManikin fire test.
=650  14$aSkin model.
=650  24$aFlash fire.
=650  24$aManikin fire test.
=650  24$aFire distribution.
=650  24$aThermal protective performance.
=650  24$aTemperature distribution.
=650  24$aBlood perfusion.
=700  1\$aBarker, R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aThompson, D.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGrimes, R.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12116.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12117
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12117$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12117$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC911
=082  04$a551.5/27$223
=100  1\$aSong, G.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aComparison of Methods Used to Predict the Burn Injuries in Tests of Thermal Protective Fabrics /$cG. Song, R. Barker, DR. Grimes, D. Thompson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aA study was conducted to compare the two methods, Henriques Burn Integral and Stoll criteria, in thermal protective performance evaluation on firefighter clothing composites exposed to various thermal hazards. The thermal hazards that the firefighter may encounter during fire fighting are low level thermal radiation and high intensity flashover fire. With the simulation of these thermal hazards in the lab, the heat flux behind exposed clothing composites are characterized with flux rise rate and peak heat flux. Comparisons were performed on the prediction differences of clothing system made using Henriques Burn integral and Stoll criteria under different conditions. The study demonstrated that in some cases less difference is predicted by the two methods, while in other cases a significant difference is observed. Several recommendations were made for the qualitative prediction of garment and fabric thermal protective performance under different situations.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aThermal protective performance.
=650  \0$aStoll criteria.
=650  \0$aFlash fire.
=650  \0$aThermal radiation.
=650  14$aThermal protective performance.
=650  24$aRadiant protective performance.
=650  24$aHenriques Burn Integral.
=650  24$aStoll criteria.
=650  24$aThermal radiation.
=650  24$aFlash fire.
=650  24$aTPP.
=650  24$aRPP.
=700  1\$aBarker, R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGrimes, DR.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aThompson, D.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12117.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12118
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12118$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12118$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP267
=082  04$a677/.689$223
=100  1\$aWinterhalter, CA.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aNovel Approach to Soldier Flame Protection /$cCA. Winterhalter, RA. Lomba, DW. Tucker, OD. Martin.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b23
=520  3\$aThe U.S. Army desires low cost combat uniform fabrics that provide flame protection, visual and near infrared camouflage, comfort, and durability. Prior to material development, the flame threat and hazard was investigated and characterized. Flammability related test methods were reviewed and pass/fail criteria for instrumented manikin testing was established based on military medical doctrine. Various fibers, fiber blends, and functional finishes were investigated and novel blend materials were developed. Textile manufacturing methods not traditionally used in military protective clothing such as core-spun yarn spinning and direct fiber-to-fabric non-woven technologies were also investigated. When compared to the standard issue combat uniform, the best performing protective clothing configuration demonstrated a reduction in total body burn from 88% to 8%. Safe exposure limits of up to 5 s were established.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFire resistant textiles.
=650  \0$aFlame resistant textiles.
=650  \0$aSoldier.
=650  \0$aMilitary.
=650  14$aFlame protective clothing systems.
=650  24$aFlame resistant textiles.
=650  24$aCombat uniform fabrics.
=650  24$aMilitary.
=650  24$aArmy.
=650  24$aSoldier.
=700  1\$aLomba, RA.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTucker, DW.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMartin, OD.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12118.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12119
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12119$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12119$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH9372
=082  04$a628.9/25$223
=100  1\$aThorpe, PA.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDevelopment of Non-Destructive Test Methods for Assessing Effects of Thermal Exposures on Fire Fighters' Turnout Gear /$cPA. Thorpe, DA. Torvi.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b10
=520  3\$aThe clothing that serves to protect a fire fighter in the line of duty experiences a wide range of exposures. Specifications for turnout gear focus primarily on pre-use performance. There is no standard for the performance of in-use fire fighter protective clothing. This paper outlines a research program designed to develop non-destructive test methods to provide users with an indication of how their in-use gear would conform to standards for new gear. Three non-destructive test methods (Raman luminescence, digital image analysis and colorimetry) are developed and correlated with established destructive tests to indicate useful service life. The paper concludes that among the methods examined in this study, digital image analysis offers the most promise for providing an economical and effective technique to assess the condition of in-use garments.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aProtective clothing.
=650  \0$aDegradation.
=650  \0$aFire fighter.
=650  \0$aHeat transfer.
=650  \0$aTurnout gear.
=650  14$aProtective clothing.
=650  24$aHeat transfer.
=650  24$aNon-destructive testing.
=650  24$aTurnout gear.
=650  24$aFire fighter.
=650  24$aDegradation.
=650  24$aDigital image analysis.
=700  1\$aTorvi, DA.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12119.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12121
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12121$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12121$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTS1175
=082  04$a676$223
=100  1\$aMäkinen, H.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCan Laboratory Pre-Treatment Of Welders' Protective Clothing Simulate Their Aging Process In Normal Use? /$cH. Mäkinen, S. Karkkula, K. Jaakkola, P. von Nandelstadh.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b15
=520  3\$aThe fabrics of welders' protective garments can be worn out after only one or two use-wash cycles. It is probable that the by-products in the welding process, i.e., ultraviolet C-type (UVC) radiation, ozone, metal fumes, can contribute to the molecular changes responsible for the degradation. In this study we simulated the normal use of garments by cycling UVC/ozone and washing pre-treatments in the laboratory. In parallel, garments of the same five study fabrics were used by welders in a shipyard until the end of their service life. Properties defined in prEN ISO 11611 were measured from the laboratory-treated and the normally used fabrics. The laboratory cycling treatment affected tear resistance more than the tensile strength of the study fabrics. Both pre-treatments seemed to have affected the flammability of the fabrics similarly. The results of this study support the conception that it is possible to simulate the aging process of normally used garments by laboratory pre-treatments.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFlame spread.
=650  \0$aWelding.
=650  \0$aTear strength.
=650  \0$aTensile strength.
=650  \0$aDegradation.
=650  \0$aPre-treatment.
=650  14$aFabric.
=650  24$aUVC.
=650  24$aOzone.
=650  24$aWelding.
=650  24$aPre-treatment.
=650  24$aDegradation.
=650  24$aTensile strength.
=650  24$aTear strength.
=650  24$aFlame spread.
=700  1\$aKarkkula, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aJaakkola, K.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$avon Nandelstadh, P.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12121.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12128
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12128$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12128$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD116.I57
=082  04$a543/.4$223
=100  1\$aShah, PH.,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Simple Methodology For Determining Electrical Conductivity of Soils /$cPH. Shah, DN. Singh.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b36
=520  3\$aElectrical conductivity of soils has been demonstrated to be an important parameter for determining their basic properties. As measurement of soil conductivity using the DC field is limited by irreversible changes in the state of the soil and the errors due to electrode polarization, application of an AC field has been recommended. However, it has been noted that researchers have resorted to the ‘single frequency measurements’, considering that impedance is purely resistive, which may not always be true. Hence, it becomes essential to study electrical conductivity of soils in a broad frequency range. With this in view, using the concept of Impedance Spectroscopy (IS), conductivity measurements were carried out on different type of soils in the 20 Hz to 1 MHz frequency range, and details of the study are presented in this paper. Measured data has also been analyzed using Nyquist and Bode formats, and a good matching of the results has been noted. This demonstrates utility of the developed methodology and the ease with which electrical conductivity of soils can be determined in the laboratory.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aImpedance spectroscopy.
=650  \0$aEthermal analysis.
=650  \0$aSoil.
=650  \0$aBode format.
=650  \0$aNyquist format.
=650  \0$aConductivity.
=650  14$aSoil.
=650  24$aConductivity.
=650  24$aElectrode polarization.
=650  24$aImpedance spectroscopy.
=650  24$aNyquist format.
=650  24$aBode format.
=700  1\$aSingh, DN.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12128.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12133
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12133$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12133$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA409
=082  04$a620.1/126$223
=100  1\$aStull, JO.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEvaluation of Three Chemical Protective Clothing Materials for Selected Performance Properties /$cJO. Stull, RE. McManus.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b6
=520  3\$aA study was conducted to evaluate selected properties of three different chemical protective clothing materials that are being considered for use by Dupont's DeLisle Site in Pass Christian, Mississippi for titanium chloride and related chemical service. Two of the materials represented new product offerings based on unique PTFE/fabric (HSF) laminates, while the third was a PVC/Nomex material currently used in chemical protective clothing at the Dupont DeLisle Site. The two PTFE/fabric laminates were further distinguished by the film thickness and type of surface finish. A number of tests were performed to measure permeation resistance against specific chemicals of interest: physical property testing to assess material strength and specialized tests to determine how the materials hold up to different environmental challenges (high temperature, cold temperature, and flame exposure). The study demonstrated how a series of test methods established by Committee F23 can be used to evaluate the material choices effectively for a specific set of chemical and physical exposure conditions.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFabric Laminates.
=650  \0$aTitanium chloride.
=650  \0$aPermeation testing.
=650  14$aChemical protective clothing.
=650  24$aPTFE/fabric laminates.
=650  24$aPermeation testing.
=650  24$aPhysical property testing.
=650  24$aTitanium chloride.
=700  1\$aMcManus, RE.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12133.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12143
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12143$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12143$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aHF5415.3
=082  04$a658.8/3$223
=100  1\$aZuo, J.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aHeat Transfer Characteristics of Sports Apparel /$cJ. Zuo, EA. McCullough.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aThe protective clothing and equipment required for certain sports may inhibit heat loss from the body and contribute to potentially harmful heat stress injuries. This study measured the thermal resistance (insulation) and evaporative resistance of a variety of sports ensembles worn for football, basketball, baseball, soccer, track, tennis, golf, and cycling. The thermal resistance was measured with a heated sweating manikin in an environmental chamber according to ASTM F 1291. The intrinsic insulation values (Rcl) ranged from a low of 0.018 m2.0 C/W for running/aerobic ensemble consisting of a sports bra and compression shorts to 0.152 m2.0 C/W for a football uniform. The intrinsic evaporative resistance values (Rccl) ranged from 0.004–0.028 m2kPa/W for the same ensembles, respectively. Sports uniforms that cover a large portion of the body surface or provide impact protection substantially reduced heat loss from the body. The data presented in this paper can be used in the solution of heat balance equations to predict physiological responses of athletes when wearing uniforms under different conditions.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSports apparel.
=650  \0$aSweating manikin.
=650  \0$aAthletics.
=650  \0$aHeat stress.
=650  14$aHeat stress.
=650  24$aSports apparel.
=650  24$aSweating manikin.
=650  24$aAthletics.
=700  1\$aMcCullough, EA.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12143.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12147
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12147$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12147$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRD73.G5--N4432012eb
=082  04$a617.0028$223
=100  1\$aThang Nguyen, C.,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Study on the Puncture Resistance of Rubber Materials Used in Protective Clothing /$cC. Thang Nguyen, T. Vu-Khanh, J. Lara.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b18
=520  3\$aThe aim of this work is to investigate the intrinsic parameters that control the puncture resistance of materials used in protective clothing. The effect of various probe geometries and sample holder sizes on puncture tests results were investigated. Medical needles of different diameters and tip angles were also used as puncture probes. Various available commercial rubbers used in protective gloves were characterized. The findings of this study will be useful for recommendations for standard test method protocols to characterize the puncture resistance of protective clothing materials. When cylindrical probes with flat and rounded tip geometries are used, material puncture occurs when the strain reaches one material failure value independent of tip geometry. The failure strain is also independent of sample thickness, probe tip diameter, and the sample holder size. The results demonstrated that the tip angle of conical probes has a dramatic effect on puncture test results. The material puncture resistance obtained with conical probes with different tip angles having a tip diameter d1 and a rod diameter d2 can be interpolated from the corresponding values obtained with cylindrical probes having the same d1 and d2 diameters. On the other hand, cylindrical probes provide a more straightforward characterization of puncture and also eliminate the complex effect of conical probe-tip geometry. Test results with medical needles showed that the puncturing mechanism is different from that of conical and cylindrical probes. Puncture by medical needles involves cutting and fracture energy, whereas puncture by conical and cylindrical probes relates to failure strain.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPuncture probe.
=650  \0$aPuncture resistance.
=650  \0$aProtective clothing.
=650  \0$aGlove material.
=650  14$aPuncture resistance.
=650  24$aGlove material.
=650  24$aProtective clothing.
=650  24$aPuncture probe.
=700  1\$aVu-Khanh, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLara, J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12147.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12148
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12148$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12148$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA401.3
=082  04$a620.11$223
=100  1\$aVu, TBN,$eauthor.
=245  10$aProgress in the Characterization of the Cutting Resistance of Protective Materials /$cTBN Vu, T. Vu-Khanh, J. Lara.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aA sliding sharp edge that penetrates a material is one of the most dangerous cases of cutting because it requires the smallest applied normal load. This study aims to analyze the cutting mechanics and mechanism of protective rubber materials in the presence of friction and the effect of the material's mechanical behavior and the blade's sliding velocity on the material's cut resistance. The International Standard ISO 13997 cut test method, which consists of measuring the distance that a straight blade slides horizontally to cut through a material under a constant applied normal force, was used to investigate the cutting phenomena. In practice, the cut resistance of a material is given by the contribution of the material's intrinsic strength and the frictional distribution between the material and the blade that slides and penetrates it. This study demonstrates that two types of friction are involved in material cutting: a macroscopic friction induced by the gripping of the material and by the applied normal load on the two sides of the blade; and a sliding friction associated with cut-through of the material that occurs along the face of the blade tip. For rubber materials, commonly used in protective gloves, the adhesion force due to the gripping of the material on the blade edge could be several times greater than the friction due to the applied normal force. Thus, the cutting energy required to break the molecular chains in rubber materials is much smaller than the energy dissipated by friction. For these materials, the elastic modulus, the structure of the material, as well as the sliding velocity, have a significant effect on the friction. Therefore, all of these properties can affect the cutting resistance results. A better understanding of the cutting mechanism in protective materials is a fundamental step in developing better performing protective materials.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCut test method.
=650  \0$aCut resistance.
=650  \0$aProtective glove.
=650  \0$aGlove material.
=650  \0$aRubber material.
=650  14$aCut test method.
=650  24$aCut resistance.
=650  24$aProtective glove.
=650  24$aGlove material.
=650  24$aRubber material.
=700  1\$aVu-Khanh, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLara, J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12148.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12154
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12154$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12154$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP857
=082  04$a666.1$223
=100  1\$aOkoro, OI.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSimplified Thermal Analysis of Asynchronous Machine /$cOI. Okoro.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (20 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b22
=520  3\$aThe simplified thermal network model for Asynchronous machine is developed in this paper. The differential set of equations governing the thermal behavior of the machine under transient state conditions is derived and solved using a commercial software package. MATLAB®. The simulated mean temperatures for the various machine parts are compared with the measured results. It is observed that the predicted stator temperature is in good agreement with the measured temperature.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAsynchronous machine.
=650  \0$aThermal capacitance.
=650  \0$aThermal resistance.
=650  \0$aHeat transfer.
=650  \0$aLumped parameter.
=650  \0$aPower losses.
=650  \0$aThermal analysis.
=650  14$aThermal analysis.
=650  24$aAsynchronous machine.
=650  24$aLumped parameter.
=650  24$aThermal resistance.
=650  24$aThermal capacitance.
=650  24$aPower losses.
=650  24$aHeat transfer.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12154.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12156
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12156$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12156$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTD427.G55
=082  04$a363.7384$223
=100  1\$aYoung, BG.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffect of Adjuvant on the Efficacy of Glyphosate Applied at Different Times of Day /$cBG. Young, JM. Young.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aGlyphosate was applied alone and with either ammonium sulfate (AMS) or RUSA 703 (a premix of hydroxypropyl guar and AMS). Herbicide treatments were applied at 3-h intervals starting at 6:00 am and ending at 9:00 pm. The efficacy of glyphosate was dependent on the application time of day for all weed species tested, except for common waterhemp in the greenhouse. In general, applications at 6:00 am and 9:00 pm resulted in the least control of all weed species. The efficacy of glyphosate was often improved with the addition of AMS when glyphosate was applied at a suboptimal time of day. RUSA 703 did not result in any benefit in glyphosate efficacy beyond AMS. The addition of RUSA 703 to glyphosate improved the efficacy of glyphosate as often as AMS in greenhouse studies, but not in field studies.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAmmonium sulfate.
=650  \0$aGlyphosate.
=650  \0$aVelvetleaf.
=650  \0$aGiant foxtail.
=650  \0$aHydroxypropyl guar.
=650  14$aGlyphosate.
=650  24$aApplication time of day.
=650  24$aAmmonium sulfate.
=650  24$aHydroxypropyl guar.
=650  24$aGiant foxtail.
=650  24$aVelvetleaf.
=650  24$aCommon cocklebur.
=650  24$aCommon waterhemp.
=700  1\$aYoung, JM.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12156.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12157
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12157$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12157$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP223
=082  04$a541/.34$223
=100  1\$aPenner, D.,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Novel Water Conditioning Adjuvant for Use with Formulated and Nonformulated Glyphosate /$cD. Penner, J. Michael, WG. Brown.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b5
=520  3\$aGlyphosate is a weak acid, sold as the isopropylamine, ammonium, potassium, or trimethylsulfonium salt. A water conditioning adjuvant such as diammonium sulfate is commonly recommended for glyphosate application in hard water. This is especially necessary for applications to velvetleaf, which has calcium-rich leaves. There is an application preference to handle liquids rather than solids. Our goal was to identify a liquid water conditioning adjuvant with high specific activity, which is cost effective, as well as efficacious across herbicides and weed species. The specific objective of the research was to evaluate the performance characteristics of NT3 as a water conditioning adjuvant for various glyphosate formulations on several weed species. Studies were conducted in the greenhouse with supplemental lighting. Ammonium sulfate was a more effective water conditioning adjuvant than ammonium nitrate, ammonium hydroxide, or sulfuric acid for use with glyphosate on velvetleaf. The novel water conditioning adjuvant, NT, at 1 % was as effective as or more effective than ammonium sulfate at 2 % with glyphosate across various glyphosate salts and formulations and across the weed species, velvetleaf, giant foxtail, and common lambsquarters. Furthermore, it provided limited rainfastness. NT is a liquid, it has a higher specific activity than ammonium sulfate, and it is efficacious across weed species.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAmmonium nitrate.
=650  \0$aDiammonium sulfate.
=650  \0$aRainfastness.
=650  14$aDiammonium sulfate.
=650  24$aAmmonium nitrate.
=650  24$aRainfastness.
=700  1\$aMichael, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBrown, WG.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12157.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12158
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12158$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12158$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP983
=082  04$a668/.5$223
=100  1\$aSingh, S.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEvaluation of Some Adjuvants for Improving Glyphosate Efficacy /$cS. Singh, M. Singh.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b25
=520  3\$aGlyphosate is the most common non-selective post-emergence herbicide used under diverse conditions. The efficacy of foliar applied herbicides is greatly influenced by adjuvants, but not all adjuvants have a synergistic effect. Greenhouse experiments were conducted using weed species of Echinochola crus-galli, Panicum maximum, Bidens pilosa, and Abutilon theophrasti to evaluate glyphosate efficacy by tank mixing with 0.5 % of Blaze®, Condition®, Improve®, and Induce®. Glyphosate at 0, 0.14, 0.28, and 0.56 kg ae/ha alone and with adjuvants was sprayed at the 4 leaf stage of weeds. Surface tension and contact angle were measured under lab conditions.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aContact angle.
=650  \0$aGlyphosate.
=650  \0$aSurface tension.
=650  \0$aSurfactants.
=650  \0$aBioefficacy.
=650  14$aSurfactants.
=650  24$aSurface tension.
=650  24$aContact angle.
=650  24$aGlyphosate.
=650  24$aBioefficacy.
=700  1\$aSingh, M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12158.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12159
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12159$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12159$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aR857.O6
=082  04$a616.07/54$223
=100  1\$ade Ruiter, H.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFluorescence Imaging for Investigating the Efficiency of Formulations, Adjuvants, and Application Systems /$cH. de Ruiter, R. van der Schoor, H. Jalink.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b10
=520  3\$aSeveral herbicides reduce, directly or indirectly, the efficiency of photosynthesis of plants. As a consequence, the fluorescence of the chlorophyll increases. The relative increase of fluorescence [(Fm-F0)/Fm] can be used to compare the influence of formulations and adjuvants on the activity of herbicides. This procedure allows the accurate and non-destructive screening of sprayed plants in the first minutes and hours after treatment. A new development is the automated imaging and quantification of the relative increase of fluorescence at the whole plant level. Use of a robot-arm enables a laser-camera to take pictures of the chlorophyll fluorescence of different plants with short time intervals between plants. This procedure makes it possible to screen hundreds of plants simultaneously. Individual pictures can be used, or pictures can be used to compose a video demonstrating the dynamics of the herbicide action. The potency of this technology for monitoring bentazon, glufosinate and glyphosate action is demonstrated. In addition to investigating the influence of formulations and adjuvants on herbicide activity, the fluorescence imaging technology can be used to monitor phytotoxicity of formulations and spray application parameters like water volume and drop size.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFluorescence.
=650  \0$aFluorescence imaging.
=650  \0$aImaging.
=650  \0$aFormulation.
=650  \0$aAdjuvant.
=650  \0$aSurfactant.
=650  14$aFluorescence.
=650  24$aImaging.
=650  24$aFluorescence imaging.
=650  24$aAdjuvant.
=650  24$aFormulation.
=650  24$aSurfactant.
=700  1\$avan der Schoor, R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aJalink, H.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12159.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12160
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12160$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12160$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQH366.2
=082  04$a576.8$223
=100  1\$aBergström, K.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aImproved Formulations through Synergistic Combinations Based on Alkyl Glucosides /$cK. Bergström, IM. Johansson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aSugar surfactants have attracted a lot of interest in the last decades, both due to technical properties as well as to the extremely favorable ecological and toxicological properties. It is well known that alcohol glucosides have excellent aqueous solubility, a low temperature dependence compared to nonionic ethoxylates, and are stable in the presence of high levels of electrolytes. Furthermore, they are compatible with anionic, cationic, and other nonionic surfactants, making them extremely suitable for formulating concentrated products in the agrochemical area. In this paper, the synergistic effect of short-chained alkyl glucosides mixed with alcohol ethoxylates or amine derivatives have been investigated. These synergies have been manifested by lowering both surface tension and cmc as well as increasing wetting properties towards hydrophobic surfaces. The model system used contained agrochemical electrolytes such as glyphosate, MCPA-DMA salt and fertilizers. The relevance of the finding is supported by the increased bio-efficacy of a mixed adjuvant seen in a greenhouse test. Furthermore, this study shows that short-chained glucosides can be used as efficient solubilizers for adjuvants or wetting agents in high electrolyte system (i.e., fertilizers, active ingredients) to avoid phase separation. The effect has been assessed by studying the influence on cloud point as well as the amount of glucoside needed to solubilizer a nonionic wetting agent into a high electrolyte solution.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAlkyl glucoside.
=650  \0$aAmine oxide.
=650  \0$aElectrolytes.
=650  \0$aFertilizers.
=650  \0$aSurfactants.
=650  \0$aSynergies.
=650  14$aAmine oxide.
=650  24$aAlkyl glucoside.
=650  24$aSurfactants.
=650  24$aAgrochemical formulations.
=650  24$aSynergies.
=650  24$aFertilizers.
=650  24$aElectrolytes.
=700  1\$aJohansson, IM.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12160.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12161
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12161$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12161$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRA1242.T44
=082  04$a363.17/9$223
=100  1\$aVolgas, GC.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aBenefits of a 2,4-D Acid Herbicide Formulation /$cGC. Volgas, RE. Mack, JR. Roberts.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b4
=520  3\$aResearch was conducted on a new formulation of 2,4-dichlorophenoxy-acetic acid (2,4-D). Unlike many of today's commercial products that contain ester or amine forms of 2,4-D, this new formulation contains the acid form of 2,4-D. Comparisons of this new formulation with amine and ester formulations include herbicide efficacy data, surfactant properties, and fertilizer compatibility.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHerbicide.
=650  \0$aSurfactant.
=650  14$a2,4-D.
=650  24$aSurfactant.
=650  24$aFertilizer compatibility.
=650  24$aHerbicide.
=700  1\$aMack, RE.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRoberts, JR.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12161.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12164
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12164$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12164$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aSB953
=082  04$a632.94$223
=100  1\$aTeske, ME.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPredicted Deposition Variability Due to Fluctuations in Release Height and Drop Size Distribution /$cME. Teske, HW. Thistle, RC. Reardon, G. Cormier, P. Amirault, DC. Davies, R. Scott Cameron, G. Dorr, AJ. Hewitt, JR. Brown, MY. LeClerc, A. Karipot.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b18
=520  3\$aAn extensive field study has been undertaken to quantify the aerial release of spray material through the changes in meteorology as the day progresses. An important subset of these collected data is one-second interval data of the aircraft behavior and the mechanical release systems. These unique data provide an excellent source of information on bounding the variability in the expected deposition patterns, and how this variability might impact any error bounds established around the time-averaged predictions generated by the AGDISP model. This paper quantifies the variability in aerial application parameters and makes suggestions with regard to possible implications of this variability on the variability of deposition predictions in the flight line direction.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAerial spray.
=650  \0$aFlight line variability.
=650  \0$aAerial spraying.
=650  \0$aModeling.
=650  \0$aDeposition.
=650  14$aAerial spraying.
=650  24$aDeposition.
=650  24$aFlight line variability.
=650  24$aModeling.
=700  1\$aThistle, HW.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aReardon, RC.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aCormier, G.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAmirault, P.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDavies, DC.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aScott Cameron, R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDorr, G.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHewitt, AJ.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBrown, JR.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLeClerc, MY.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKaripot, A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12164.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12166
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12166$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12166$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRA1270.P4
=082  04$a363.17/92/01732$223
=100  1\$aSmith, DB.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aImproving the Effectiveness of Aerial Pesticide Sprays /$cDB. Smith, IW. Kirk, JB. Ross.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b35
=520  3\$aThirty-eight aircraft setups were submitted in order to have droplet size and drift analyses performed. Four of the eleven insecticides predicted Dv0.5s were in the 351–400 µm range. Seven of the herbicide setups had predicted Dv0.5s in the 205–250 µm range, while ten Dv0.5s were > 351 µm. Five of the ten predicted Dv0.5s were between 386 and 413 μm. Twelve different herbicides were reported as having been applied with aircraft setups that had predicted Dv0.5s between 386 and 413 µm. A summary of the prior swath deposit data indicated that the percent recovery generally increased as the Dv0.5 increased. The magnitudes of the deposits on inert targets and cotton leaves appeared to be about equal for a given Dv0.5. The correlation coefficient between the “percent of the spray volume in droplets ≤100 µm and ≤200 µm in diameter” was 0.983. This result is consistent with prior results and indicates that either 100 or 200 µm can be effectively used as the upper limit when studying the “small droplet” component in sprays. We found several similarities or differences in the “small droplet” components based on data from different atomization tests. According to one set of atomization models, agricultural aircraft will be limited to about 225 km/h (i.e., 140 mph) in order to produce a 400 µm Dv0.5 spray when using currently available nozzles and water plus one or more pesticides. The extremes of the predicted drift deposits for 38 agricultural aircraft setups were over 30-fold apart.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aDroplet size.
=650  \0$aAerial application.
=650  \0$aPesticides.
=650  \0$aSmall droplets.
=650  \0$aDrift.
=650  14$aAerial application.
=650  24$aDrift.
=650  24$aDroplet size.
=650  24$aSmall droplets.
=650  24$aPesticides.
=700  1\$aKirk, IW.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRoss, JB.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12166.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12167
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12167$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12167$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aSB994.M5
=082  04$a632/.693233$223
=100  1\$aFarooq, M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aComparison of Abscission Spray Application Practices for Mechanical Harvesting of Oranges /$cM. Farooq, M. Salyani, JD. Whitney.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b17
=520  3\$aTwo air-carrier sprayers were used to investigate the feasibility of applying abscission materials from one side of the tree in a two-row bedded orange grove. One-sided (bed side) and two-sided (both bed and ditch side) applications at 2.4 and 4.8 km/h were compared using each sprayer. Tank mixture contained active ingredient (a.i.) 5-chloro-3-methyl-4-nitro-1-H-pyrazole (CMN-P) at about 350 mg/L a.i., a surfactant, a drift retardant, and a fluorescent tracer. Leaf samples were collected from different locations on the bed and ditch sides, and deposition was determined by fluorometry. The efficacy of abscission application was assessed in terms of fruit detachment force (FDF) and percent fruit removal (PFR) by trunk shakers.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPyranine.
=650  \0$aFruit removal.
=650  \0$aTrunk shaker.
=650  \0$aDrift-retardant.
=650  \0$aSurfactant.
=650  \0$aEfficacy.
=650  14$aCitrus.
=650  24$aDrift-retardant.
=650  24$aEfficacy.
=650  24$aFruit detachment force.
=650  24$aFruit removal.
=650  24$aPyranine.
=650  24$aSurfactant.
=650  24$aTrunk shaker.
=700  1\$aSalyani, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWhitney, JD.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12167.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12172
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12172$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12172$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTD427.G55
=082  04$a363.7384$223
=100  1\$aLei, Y.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aApplications of Ether Amine Surfactants in Agricultural Formulations :$bThe Known and Unexplored /$cY. Lei.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b6
=520  3\$aEther amines, ether amine alkoxylates, and their derivatives have found increased use as agricultural surfactants in the past decade. Most of the documented applications of ether amine surfactants have been limited to glyphosate formulations, where ether amine ethoxylates, oxides, and quats have been demonstrated to be excellent adjuvants. Because of regulatory status and availability, their application potentials in agricultural formulations have not been fully explored. In this paper, we will review the unique physical properties of ether amines and amine ethoxylates and their applications as agricultural adjuvants. The potentials of these molecules in other formulations will be explored with exemplary formulations.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHydroxypropyl guar.
=650  \0$aSoluble liquid.
=650  \0$aEther amine.
=650  \0$aGlyphosate.
=650  \0$aSurfactants.
=650  \0$aCloud point.
=650  14$aEther amine.
=650  24$aEther amine alkoxylates.
=650  24$aSurfactants.
=650  24$aGlyphosate.
=650  24$aSoluble liquid.
=650  24$aCloud point.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12172.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12175
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12175$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12175$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTS933.L5
=082  04$a661/.802$223
=100  1\$aWinowiski, T.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Effect of Dispersant Solubility, Dispersant Dosage, Granule Diameter, and Dome Versus Radial Extrusion on Granule Spontaneity of Disintegration and Resistance to Attrition /$cT. Winowiski, S. Lebo, J. Gustafsson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b3
=520  3\$aDissolution rate of 16 sulfonated dispersants was measured in both water and 32-0-0 liquid fertilizer. Two dispersants, BNA and UCA, having different dissolution rates, were used to granulate a 70 % Amicarbazone formulation. Extrusions were made on a MG-55 Multigranulator using both the dome and radial modes with 0.8 mm and 1.0 mm screens. BNA and UCA were included at levels of 5, 10, and 15 % of the formulation. The remaining 14 dispersants were compared at fixed levels of 10 % using only the 0.8 mm screen and dome mode. Premix water requirements varied according to dispersant chemistry. Granule disintegration was measured in hard water by number of inversions, ASTM E1945, and CIPAC MT-174. High level of dispersant, slow dissolution rate of dispersant, and larger diameter granules lead to reduced disintegration rate in water. In addition to these factors, disintegration in 32-0-0 was further affected by porosity of the granule.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aGranule.
=650  \0$aLignosulfonate.
=650  \0$aDisintegration.
=650  \0$aDispersant.
=650  14$aGranule.
=650  24$aDisintegration.
=650  24$aDispersant.
=650  24$aLignosulfonate.
=700  1\$aLebo, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGustafsson, J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12175.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12180
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12180$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12180$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRA1270.F86
=082  04$a363.1792$223
=100  1\$aNarayanan, KS.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aNew Value-Added Polymeric Dispersants and Uses Thereof in Agricultural Formulations /$cKS. Narayanan, DI. Jon, J. Patel.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b10
=520  3\$aPolymeric dispersants are dispersants of choice for formulating suspension concentrates, suspoemulsions, and solid delivery systems (WP, WDG, and Tablets). We have developed a new line of polymeric dispersants, as 25 % aqueous solution, based on partially neutralized methyl vinyl ether maleic acid half esters (ethyl/butyl) copolymers (MVE-MAHE), (with trade name EASY-SPERSE®). They were used in formulating suspension concentrates and aqueous dispersions for a host of active ingredients like herbicides, insecticides, fungicides, and other growth regulators, organic dyes, inorganic pigments, including certain water-insoluble polymers. Some of these dispersions also showed suspensibility above 80 % and rainfastness at use level concentrations.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSuspension concentrates.
=650  \0$aPolyvinylpyrrolidone.
=650  \0$aAtrazine.
=650  \0$aMetaldehyde.
=650  \0$aCarbaryl.
=650  \0$aChlorothalonil.
=650  \0$aDispersants.
=650  \0$aLignosulfonates.
=650  \0$aRain-fastness.
=650  \0$aSuspensibility.
=650  \0$aSynergy.
=650  24$aMVE-MAHE.
=650  24$aDispersants.
=650  24$aSuspension concentrates.
=650  24$aLignosulfonates.
=650  24$aNaphthalene-sulfonate-formaldehyde-condensate (NSFC)
=650  24$aPolyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP K - 30)
=650  24$aSynergy.
=650  24$aChlorothalonil.
=650  24$aCarbaryl.
=650  24$aAtrazine.
=650  24$aMetaldehyde.
=650  24$aSuspensibility.
=650  24$aRain-fastness.
=650  24$aSolid composites (PVP/MVE-MAHE)
=700  1\$aJon, DI.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPatel, J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12180.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12181
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12181$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12181$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aS593
=082  04$a630/.2/43$223
=100  1\$aGoss, GR.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAgricultural Granule Particle Size Considerations /$cGR. Goss.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aWhen developing a granular pesticide formulation, the choice of an appropriate particle size is crucial. Particle size may or may not affect the desired performance parameters. Some of the properties to consider are sorptivity, bulk density, particle count per unit weight, hardness, drift potential, and application pattern. Depending on the nature of the carrier, particle size has little effect on bulk density and sorptivity. Particle size affects particle count per unit weight, drift potential, and possibly application pattern.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aGranule.
=650  \0$aParticle size.
=650  \0$aAgricultural chemical.
=650  \0$aFormulation.
=650  \0$aCarrier.
=650  14$aAgricultural chemical.
=650  24$aGranule.
=650  24$aCarrier.
=650  24$aParticle size.
=650  24$aFormulation.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12181.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12190
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12190$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12190$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA1800
=082  04$a621.382/75$223
=100  1\$aYu, X.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDensity Compensation of TDR Calibration for Geotechnical Applications /$cX. Yu, VP. Drnevich.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b31
=520  3\$aTime Domain Reflectometry (TDR) technology has been widely used in areas such as agricultural science, soil science, and water resources for measuring soil volumetric water content and is beginning to be used in geotechnical engineering. Calibration relationships, which generally relate the soil volumetric water content to TDR measured dielectric constant, are critical for the accuracy of TDR measurements. For TDR technology to be useful for geotechnical engineering practice, the calibration relationship needs to be expressed in terms of gravimetric water content. Besides, geotechnical engineering deals with more compacted earth materials, where the effects of soil density on TDR calibration are significant. This paper introduces an improved TDR calibration relation that accounts for the density of soil skeleton while at the same time is simple in format. Application of this calibration relationship shows that it significantly reduces data scatter and achieves more accurate results than other existing calibration relationships.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aTime-domain reflectometry.
=650  \0$aTDR calibration.
=650  \0$aWater content.
=650  \0$aDensity.
=650  14$aTime Domain Reflectometry (TDR)
=650  24$aWater content.
=650  24$aDensity.
=650  24$aTDR calibration.
=650  24$aGeotechnical engineering.
=700  1\$aDrnevich, VP.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12190.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12198
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12198$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12198$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aPS3569.I295
=082  04$a811/.54$223
=100  1\$aKapoor, K.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aOn Secondary β-Nb Phase Precipitation within Primary α-Zr Phase in Zr-Nb Alloys During Tensile Deformation /$cK. Kapoor, C. Padmaprabu, S. Saroja, T. Paul, SVR Rao, T. Sanyal, M. Narayan Rao, N. Saibaba, BP. Kashyap.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (27 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b39
=520  3\$aTwo-phase alloys of zirconium, Zr-1wt% Nb and Zr-2.5wt% Nb, are widely used in nuclear reactors as fuel-clad and structural material, respectively. Post-irradiation studies on Zr-Nb alloys have shown Nb rich β (containing more than 50wt% Nb) precipitation within the α-Zr phase. In the present study, slow deformation of the two alloys at elevated temperature was carried out on unirradiated material at different temperature up to 873 K. Secondary phase (β-Nb), identified by TEM, micro diffraction and Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy, was observed to precipitate within the primary phase (α-Zr), which is similar to the observations in the irradiated material. The precipitation was dependent on temperature and imposed strain. Measurements of the lattice parameter of the α-Zr phase using X-ray diffraction show a sharp increase in samples deformed above 550 K, where the precipitation was also observed. This change is due to Nb drawn out of the supersaturated α-Zr phase during precipitation. There is a progressive increase in the dislocation density, measured by X-ray diffraction, due to strain on elevated temperature tensile deformation (up to 723 K). No such change in lattice parameter was observed in the case of samples aged at test temperatures without deformation. Dislocations generated during deformation provide enhanced Nb diffusivity, increased preferential nucleation sites, and reduced the strain energy required for nucleation of the β-Nb phase within the existing α-Zr phase. The similarity in the secondary phase precipitation observed between slow deformation at elevated temperature and irradiation is explained on the basis of dislocation-enhanced precipitation. The change in the texture due to the uniaxial tensile deformation at elevated temperature gives information on the acting deformation mechanisms. By measurement of texture at each test temperature, the deformation mechanisms were determined, which is related to the observed precipitation behavior.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSecondary phase.
=650  \0$aTexture.
=650  14$aZr-1 wt% Nb.
=650  24$aZr-2.5 wt% Nb.
=650  24$aSecondary phase.
=650  24$aTexture.
=700  1\$aPadmaprabu, C.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSaroja, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPaul, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRao, SVR,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSanyal, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNarayan Rao, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSaibaba, N.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKashyap, BP.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12198.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12199
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12199$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12199$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRD925
=082  04$a616.74/06/99$223
=100  1\$aFischman, G.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aValidated Microstructural Assessment of Femoral Heads /$cG. Fischman.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b17
=520  3\$aThe method developed and outlined in this paper, Validated Microstructural Assessment, can be used to better ensure that components are more consistent than the current single micrograph methods. This paper shows that predictable microstructural variances occur even in components with materials and processes that have been optimized for production. Further, it is demonstrated that by using this technique these variances can be evaluated to create a typing of this optimized material-component system. Results show that one micrograph is not sufficient to describe this component using the protocol designed for this analysis, but an appropriate micrographic sampling of five components is sufficient for such a description.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMicrostructure.
=650  \0$aQuality assurance.
=650  \0$aCeramics.
=650  \0$aOrthopedics.
=650  \0$aProperties.
=650  \0$aAssessment.
=650  14$aOrthopedics.
=650  24$aCeramics.
=650  24$aMicrostructure.
=650  24$aMicrostructural assessment.
=650  24$aAssessment.
=650  24$aProperties.
=650  24$aQuality assurance.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12199.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12213
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12213$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12213$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQA76.9.D343.I3842014
=082  04$a006.312$223
=100  1\$aFiletin, T.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDetermining Nitriding Parameters with Neural Networks /$cT. Filetin, I. Žmak, D. Novak.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b3
=520  3\$aThe choice of correct plasma nitriding parameters is usually experience-based. There are no successful mathematical models for the nitriding process simulation. An attempt has been made to accurately determine required nitriding time for the specified effective nitriding layer thickness, sum of weight contents of nitride forming elements in steel, and nitriding temperature. Two methods were used to solve this problem: the statistical multiple regression and the artificial neural network. It is not possible to find a regression model that would relate the three variables to nitriding time, whereas good results were achieved with neural networks. The second problem that was investigated was the determination of post-nitriding surface hardness on the basis of three known parameters: nitriding time and temperature, and the sum of weight contents of nitride forming elements in steel. Again, a general regression model was not found, and the neural networks produced very good results.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aRegression method.
=650  \0$aNeural network.
=650  \0$aNitriding parameters.
=650  14$aNitriding parameters.
=650  24$aRegression method.
=650  24$aNeural network.
=700  1\$aŽmak, I.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNovak, D.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12213.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12222
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12222$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12222$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP691;
=082  04$a665.538$223
=100  1\$aHashem, EY.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCharacterization and Analytical Application of the Ion-Association Complex of Nickel with Alizarin Yellow R and Eosin /$cEY. Hashem.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aThe reaction of nickel (II) with [5-(4-nitrophenylazo)salicylic acid] Alizarin yellow R (AYR) as a primary ligand and eosin as a secondary ligand was studied spectrophotometrically in the presence of Tween 80, 50 % (v/v) ethanol-water medium and an ionic strength of 0.1 M (NaClO4). The solution spectra of the mixed-ligand complex formed are characterized by high intensity (ɛ = 3.3 × 105 L mol-1cm-1) charge transfer at 575 nm. The study reveals the formation of an ion-association complex having the composition Ni: AYR: eosin (2: 1: 2), and the corresponding molecular formula is (Ni)2(AYR)(eosin)2. The optimum conditions for the spectrophotometric determination of Ni (II) have been established. A simple, sensitive, and selective method was proposed for the determination of Ni (II). The method has been applied successfully for the micro determination of Ni(II) in pharmaceutical samples. The mechanism of the reaction was also discussed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aNickel Determination.
=650  14$aIon-association complex.
=650  24$aNickel(II) determination.
=650  24$aTween 80.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12222.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12227
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12227$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12227$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aML3920
=082  04$a615.8/5154$223
=100  1\$aSuvorovs, T.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aInvestigation of Burning Iron in Oxygen-Enriched Atmospheres through Microanalysis Techniques /$cT. Suvorovs, JR. DeWit, BP. Osborne, TA. Steinberg.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aPromoted-ignition testing of 3.2-mm diameter iron rods was performed in high purity oxygen at 0.69 and 6.9 MPa, with the samples subjected to a comprehensive visual and compositional microanalysis. Scanning electron microscopy and electron probe microanalysis, utilizing both energy and wavelength dispersive spectroscopy, were performed to clarify the burning process and aid in the development of a qualitative model of the burning iron rod system. The detached drops and rods of both self-extinguished and quenched samples were examined revealing that a drop, on detachment, is comprised of a significant proportion of unreacted metal. A high concentration of oxygen was detected within the unburned (melted and resolidifed) metal, enhancing the combustion process within the detached slag. The analysis also revealed a detached sphere of melted and resolidified (but unreacted) iron within the attached molten oxide drop on a quenched rod.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBurning metal.
=650  \0$aIron.
=650  \0$aOxidation.
=650  \0$aPromoted-ignition.
=650  \0$aMicroanalysis.
=650  14$aPromoted-ignition.
=650  24$aIron.
=650  24$aMicroanalysis.
=650  24$aSEM.
=650  24$aBurning metal.
=650  24$aOxidation.
=700  1\$aDeWit, JR.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aOsborne, BP.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSteinberg, TA.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12227.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12229
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12229$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12229$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTT325
=082  04$a698.3$223
=100  1\$aDobson, LR.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEvaluation of Quartz Residue on Cassette Interiors of AIHA Proficiency Samples /$cLR. Dobson, L. Reichmann, D. Popp.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b10
=520  3\$aAir generated quartz samples have been used for many years in the American Industrial Hygiene Association (AIHA) Proficiency Analytical Testing (PAT) program. It has been observed by the Wisconsin Occupational Health Laboratory (WOHL) that there is material adhering to the cassette interior of several PAT samples. WOHL has collected data on this problem for a number of AIHA PAT rounds and found that the cassette tops can contain a significant amount of quartz. Using data collected from PAT Rounds 146–155, it was found that half of the samples contained quartz on the cassette interior above the WOHL reporting level (RL) of 10 µg. The quartz on the cassette interior is one possible explanation for some of the performance issues found in laboratories participating in the AIHA PAT proficiency program. This problem is not unique to PAT samples. WOHL has noticed the same issue with field samples, which can lead to lower levels of quartz being reported.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSilica.
=650  \0$aCassette interior.
=650  \0$aAIHA proficiency.
=650  \0$aQuartz.
=650  14$aSilica.
=650  24$aQuartz.
=650  24$aCassette interior.
=650  24$aAIHA proficiency.
=700  1\$aReichmann, L.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPopp, D.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12229.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12231
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12231$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12231$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD95
=082  04$a544.6$223
=100  1\$aAinsworth, SM.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aInfrared Analysis of Respirable Coal Mine Dust for Quartz :$bThirty-Five Years /$cSM. Ainsworth.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b15
=520  3\$aThe Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) analyzes respirable coal mine dust samples for quartz content using infrared spectrometry. Samples are low-temperature ashed in an oxygen plasma, suspended in isopropanol, and redeposited onto a vinyl/acrylic copolymer filter for analysis using a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer. The on-filter infrared method was developed by the United States Bureau of Mines and collaboratively tested by Stanford Research Institute (SRI) under contract to the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health and the Bureau of Mines. The results of the collaborative study were published in 1983. Although much work has been performed since then to improve the precision of the method, details of those improvements have not always been published. Standard methods often do not discuss analytical theory and the preliminary steps necessary to achieve precise results. This paper gives a brief background of the changes that have been made in the procedures used for the analysis of respirable coal mine dust samples for quartz and discusses the current procedures used by MSHA to analyze such samples. Factors affecting the analysis such as optimization of the deposit size of the ashed sample, the importance of centering the sample in the infrared beam, baseline selection points, and peak measurement techniques, as well as the quality assurance procedure and the precision of the analysis, are discussed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSilica.
=650  \0$aInfrared analysis.
=650  \0$aCoal mine dust.
=650  \0$aQuartz.
=650  14$aQuartz.
=650  24$aSilica.
=650  24$aCoal mine dust.
=650  24$aInfrared analysis.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12231.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12236
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12236$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12236$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRB48.5.C951983
=082  04$a616.0756$223
=100  1\$aPage, SJ.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCrystalline Silica Analysis :$bA Comparison of Calibration Materials and Recent Coal Mine Dust Size Distributions /$cSJ. Page.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b27
=520  3\$aSince 1982 standard calibration materials recommended for respirable crystalline silica analysis by the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) P7 Infrared Method and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) X-ray Diffraction (XRD) Analytical Method 7500 have undergone minor changes in size distribution. However, a critical assumption has been made that the crystalline silica in ambient mine atmosphere respirable dust samples has also remained essentially unchanged in particle size distribution. The objective of this work, therefore, is to compare recent particle size distributions of underground coal mine dust and the silica component of these dusts with estimated aerodynamic particle size distributions of calibration standard materials MIN-U-SIL 5, Berkeley 5, and SRM 1878 used by two crystalline silica analysis techniques. This work provides resolution to a previously reported discrepancy involving the proper sample dilution for the particle sizing method used.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSilica.
=650  \0$aInfrared.
=650  \0$aAnalysis.
=650  \0$aCalibration materials.
=650  14$aSilica.
=650  24$aCoal.
=650  24$aAnalysis.
=650  24$aXRD.
=650  24$aInfrared.
=650  24$aCalibration materials.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12236.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12239
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12239$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12239$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN23
=082  04$a333.76/5/0973$223
=100  1\$aYu, LL.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDevelopment of SRMs 295x and 296x, Respirable Crystalline Silica on Filter /$cLL. Yu, JD. Fassett, BS. MacDonald, TA. Butler, DM. Ramsey, RJ. Key-Schwartz, TC. Rains.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b8
=520  3\$aStandard Reference Material (SRM®) series 2951 to 2958 (5 μg to 1000 μg) Respirable Alpha Quartz on Filter and SRM series 2961 to 2967 (5 μg to 1000 μg) Respirable Cristobalite on Filter were prepared gravimetrically by depositing SRM 1878a Respirable Alpha Quartz and SRM 1879a Respirable Cristobalite on filters, respectively. These new SRMs are developed to assure the quality of respirable crystalline silica measurements using x-ray diffraction and infrared spectrometry around the regulatory limits that are enforced by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA). The mass of silica determined by highly sensitive, but non-polymorph-specific, inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) was successfully used to calculate the mass of polymorphspecific crystalline silica on filter after all sources of Si on the new SRMs were carefully analyzed. The certified values of alpha quartz in SRMs 2951 to 2958 and cristobalite in SRMs 2961 to 2967, respectively, were established from the gravimetric preparation values and the spectrometric measurement values.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCristobalite.
=650  \0$aRespirable.
=650  \0$aCombining results.
=650  \0$aUncertainty budget.
=650  14$aRespirable.
=650  24$aAlpha quartz.
=650  24$aCristobalite.
=650  24$aICP-OES.
=650  24$aStandard Reference Material.
=650  24$aSRM.
=650  24$aUncertainty budget.
=650  24$aCombining results.
=700  1\$aFassett, JD.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMacDonald, BS.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aButler, TA.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRamsey, DM.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKey-Schwartz, RJ.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRains, TC.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12239.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12240
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12240$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12240$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP270
=082  04$a662.2$223
=100  1\$aStacey, PR.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Performance of Different Analytical Approaches Measuring Respirable Quartz In the Workplace Analysis Scheme for Proficiency (WASP) and the Precision and Limit of Detection of the Direct On-Air-Filter Analysis Methods /$cPR. Stacey.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b17
=520  3\$aThis paper describes the technique used to prepare replicate samples of respirable α-quartz on GLA5000 filters and the precision of the samples, and it compares the performance of different analytical methods for the measurement of quartz in air, used by laboratories that participate in the United Kingdom (UK) proficiency-testing program the Workplace Analysis Scheme for Proficiency (WASP). The average within laboratory relative standard deviation (RSD) of results submitted by a laboratory using an on-filter analysis method was 8.8%. The small number of laboratories using indirect methods in the program produced the most variable data (6–34 % RSD). A robust estimate of analytical precision for an 8-h sample containing 0.05 mg/m3 of quartz (53 μg on the filter) is about ± 12 % (1σ) for the direct on-filter XRD method and about ± 14 % (1σ) for the direct on-filter infrared method. The analytical precision estimates for a 4-h sample (26 μg on the filter) are likely to exceed 30 % (1.96σ). The limits of detection for the direct on-filter analysis methods are comparable with those stated in the NIOSH methods [1,2], and a comparison of the performance of X-ray diffraction and infrared analysis shows that the difference between results produced from the two techniques is insignificant for some types of dust(s)
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSilica.
=650  \0$aMethod performance.
=650  \0$aProficiency-testing.
=650  \0$aX-ray diffraction.
=650  \0$aInfrared analysis.
=650  \0$aQuartz.
=650  14$aSilica.
=650  24$aQuartz.
=650  24$aMethod performance.
=650  24$aProficiency-testing.
=650  24$aX-ray diffraction.
=650  24$aInfrared analysis.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12240.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12242
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12242$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12242$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTS183
=082  04$a670.42$223
=100  1\$aQi, C.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aStatistical Significance of the Restrained Slab Test for Quantifying Plastic Cracking in Fiber Reinforced Concrete /$cC. Qi, J. Weiss, J. Olek.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (18 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b28
=520  3\$aFiber reinforcement has been shown to reduce the detrimental aspects of plastic shrinkage cracking in concrete. However, no standard test method currently exists to quantify the efficiency of various types or volumes of fiber reinforcement. This study was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of the restrained slab test for assessing plastic shrinkage cracking. Plastic cracking was initiated in a drying environment, and the cracks that developed in the restrained slab were analyzed using both optical microscopy and automated image analysis. The crack width data were analyzed to determine the number of measurements that are required to provide reasonable statistical significance. Statistical analysis was used to establish the variability that can be expected with this test method. The crack reduction ratio (CRR) was assessed to determine the number of replicate specimens required for a given level of statistical significance. In addition, a modified Weibull approach was used to quantify the variable nature of crack width measurements using three parameters that are related to physical features of the crack.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPlastic Shrinkage-Cracking.
=650  \0$aFiber reinforced concrete.
=650  \0$aShrinkage.
=650  \0$aCrack width.
=650  \0$aWeibull distribution.
=650  \0$aImage analysis.
=650  14$aCrack width.
=650  24$aFiber reinforced concrete.
=650  24$aImage analysis.
=650  24$aPlastic shrinkage cracking.
=650  24$aShrinkage.
=650  24$aWeibull distribution.
=700  1\$aWeiss, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aOlek, J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12242.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12243
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12243$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12243$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC457
=082  04$a621.36/2$223
=100  1\$aHayes, T.,$eauthor.
=245  13$aAn Evaluation of Aerosol- and Liquid-Generated Silica Samples for Proficiency Analytical Testing /$cT. Hayes, H. Parish, R. Key-Schwartz, D. Popp.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b4
=520  3\$aSRI International has prepared dynamically generated silica samples since 1980 for the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) and the American Industrial Hygiene Association (AIHA) Proficiency Analytical Testing (PAT) programs. Aerosol-generated samples were developed in 1980 to more closely approximate real world samples and to improve intrabatch precision. Liquid-generated samples may provide tighter control limits, and this method has been reexamined as the generation procedure of choice. Sample preparation procedures have also been investigated to minimize analytical uncertainty and, hence, obtain a true evaluation of the sampling error. Samples were analyzed by SRI, NIOSH, and the Wisconsin Occupational Health Laboratory, using X-ray diffraction or Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR). Results were plotted and statistically evaluated, then compared to the existing PAT interlaboratory database.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aOptics.
=650  \0$aBiochemistry.
=650  \0$aQualitative analysis.
=650  \0$aInfrared spectroscopy.
=650  \0$aInfrared technology.
=650  \0$aSilica.
=650  \0$aAerosol-generation.
=650  \0$aLiquid-generation.
=650  14$aProficiency analytical testing.
=650  24$aFourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR)
=650  24$aX-ray diffraction (XRD)
=650  24$aSilica.
=650  24$aAerosol-generation.
=650  24$aLiquid-generation.
=700  1\$aParish, H.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKey-Schwartz, R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPopp, D.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12243.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12246
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12246$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12246$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRC965.S5
=082  04$a615.9/256832$223
=100  1\$aAbrams, AL.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSilica Sampling and Analysis :$bLegal Issues Evolving from Regulatory Standards and the Role of ASTM E 1132 /$cAL. Abrams.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b39
=520  3\$aRegulation of crystalline silica is a current priority on the rulemaking agendas of both the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA). OSHA's draft standard has raised issues concerning which sampling and analytical procedures will be incorporated into the new regulation, and utilization of ASTM E 1132 is being considered as part of a comprehensive regulatory scheme for respirable crystalline silica. Citations supported by governmental determinations form the basis for “negligence per se” findings in tort litigation and constitute evidence of overexposure relative to worker's compensation and personal injury claims. This paper analyzes health issues associated with crystalline silica exposure, the rise of silica-related tort litigation, regulatory developments at the federal governmental level, the role of voluntary consensus standards, and recommendations for remedial action to minimize risk of harm to workers and the general public.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aOSHA Method ID-142.
=650  \0$aCrystalline silica.
=650  \0$aMining.
=650  \0$aConstruction.
=650  \0$aTort litigation.
=650  \0$aLung cancer.
=650  \0$aSophisticated user.
=650  \0$aAir contaminants.
=650  \0$aSilicosis.
=650  \0$aPersonal injury.
=650  14$aCrystalline silica.
=650  24$aOSHA.
=650  24$aMSHA.
=650  24$aTort litigation.
=650  24$aPersonal injury.
=650  24$aConstruction.
=650  24$aMining.
=650  24$aAir contaminants.
=650  24$aSophisticated user.
=650  24$aLung cancer.
=650  24$aSilicosis.
=650  24$aASTM E 1132.
=650  24$aNIOSH Method 7500.
=650  24$aOSHA Method ID-142.
=650  24$aXRD.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12246.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12254
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12254$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12254$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.9.S62
=082  04$a624.18$223
=100  1\$aZhang, J.,$eauthor.
=245  13$aAn Overview of Fundamental and Simulative Performance Tests for Hot Mix Asphalt /$cJ. Zhang, E. Ray Brown, PS. Kandhal, R. West.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b48
=520  3\$aNumerous fundamental and simulative test methods are being used to evaluate the performance of Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA). Permanent deformation, fatigue cracking, thermal cracking, loss of surface friction, and stripping are the five main distress types for HMA pavements. All of these distresses can result in loss of performance, but rutting is the one distress that is most likely to be a sudden failure as a result of unsatisfactory HMA. Other distresses are typically long term and show up after a few years of traffic.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPermanent deformation.
=650  \0$aSimulative.
=650  \0$aEmpirical.
=650  \0$aFundamental.
=650  \0$aHot Mix Asphalt.
=650  \0$aPerformance test.
=650  14$aHot Mix Asphalt.
=650  24$aPerformance test.
=650  24$aPermanent deformation.
=650  24$aFundamental.
=650  24$aEmpirical.
=650  24$aSimulative.
=700  1\$aRay Brown, E.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKandhal, PS.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWest, R.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12254.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12255
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12255$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12255$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTE7
=082  04$a625.7 s$223
=100  1\$aKandhal, PS.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSimulative Performance Test for Hot Mix Asphalt Using Asphalt Pavement Analyzer /$cPS. Kandhal, LA. Cooley.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b14
=520  3\$aPermanent deformation, or rutting, has been and continues to be a problem in the performance of hot mix asphalt (HMA) pavements. This paper presents a summary of work conducted under National Cooperative Highway Research Program (NCHRP) Project 9-17. This research project was undertaken to evaluate the Asphalt Pavement Analyzer (APA) to determine its suitability as a general method of predicting rut potential. There was a need to identify test conditions within the APA that produced results most related to field rutting performance. Ten HMA mixes of known field rutting performance were tested within a full factorial experiment designed to determine the combination of testing conditions for the APA that best predicts field rutting. The experimental plan consisted of different specimen types (beam and cylinder), air void contents in compacted test specimen (4 and 7 %), hose diameters (25 and 38 mm), and test temperatures (high temperature of standard PG grade based upon climate and 6°C higher temperature). Based upon the test results and analysis, a tentative standard method of test was developed and recommended. A standard practice for establishing maximum specified rut depth for APA by highway agencies has also been recommended.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAsphalt pavement analyzer.
=650  \0$aAsphalt concrete.
=650  \0$aAsphalt mixture.
=650  \0$aRutting.
=650  \0$aLoaded wheel tester.
=650  \0$aAsphalt.
=650  \0$aHot mix asphalt.
=650  \0$aPerformance test.
=650  14$aAsphalt Pavement Analyzer (APA)
=650  24$aLoaded wheel tester.
=650  24$aPerformance test.
=650  24$aRutting.
=650  24$aPermanent deformation.
=650  24$aHot mix asphalt.
=650  24$aAsphalt concrete.
=650  24$aAsphalt mixture.
=650  24$aAsphalt.
=700  1\$aCooley, LA.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12255.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12256
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12256$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12256$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQE516.C37
=082  04$a551.9$223
=100  1\$aNazarian, S.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMechanistic Quality Management of Hot Mix Asphalt Layers with Seismic Methods /$cS. Nazarian, V. Tandon, D. Yuan.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b5
=520  3\$aRealistic field-test protocols and equipment, which in a rational manner, combine the results from laboratory and field tests with those used for quality control during construction, have been developed. Seismic nondestructive testing technology has been used for this purpose. Simple laboratory tests that are compatible with the field tests have been recommended. All these tests have several features in common. They can be performed rapidly (less than 3 min.), and their data reduction processes are simple and almost instantaneous.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aQuality control.
=650  \0$aModulus.
=650  \0$aSeismic methods.
=650  14$aQuality control.
=650  24$aSeismic methods.
=650  24$aMechanistic pavement design.
=650  24$aModulus.
=700  1\$aTandon, V.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aYuan, D.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12256.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12258
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
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=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12258$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12258$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.9.C6
=082  04$a620.118$223
=100  1\$aPellinen, TK.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDynamic Modulus Testing of Thin Pavement Cores /$cTK. Pellinen, S. Xiao, SY. Raval.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aA novel method of testing thin surface cores using the dynamic (complex) modulus test is proposed that utilizes composite mechanics theory. Rectangular specimens are sawed from the round surface layer cores, and the sawed blocks are simply stacked horizontally without bonding. Two hydrostone caps are made to provide flat and smooth loading ends, as well as to restrain the blocks from moving during loading. Two Linear Vertical Differential Transformers are attached 180° apart to the flat uniform side of the horizontally stacked cores to obtain the strain response without measuring over the joint of the cores. The advantage of this approach over the diametral loading mode, used for resilient modulus testing, is that it provides homogenous testing conditions, which gives direct access to stress and strain and, therefore, constitutive equations.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aDynamic complex modulus.
=650  \0$aCapping.
=650  \0$aPerformance testing.
=650  \0$aMix design.
=650  \0$aPavement design.
=650  \0$aThin pavement cores.
=650  \0$aHot mix asphalt.
=650  \0$aComposite theory.
=650  14$aHot mix asphalt.
=650  24$aDynamic complex modulus.
=650  24$aThin pavement cores.
=650  24$aPavement design.
=650  24$aMix design.
=650  24$aPerformance testing.
=650  24$aCapping.
=650  24$aComposite theory.
=700  1\$aXiao, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRaval, SY.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12258.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
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=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12259$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12259$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTE275
=082  04$a625.8/5$223
=100  1\$aReinke, G.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aLaboratory Investigation of HMA Performance Using Hamburg Wheel Tracking and DSR Torsional Creep Tests /$cG. Reinke, S. Glidden, D. Herlitzka, J. Jorgenson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (32 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b15
=520  3\$aLack of existing fundamental mechanistic tests to evaluate performance potential of HMA mixtures has given rise to a number of empirical and mechanical-empirical test procedures. In an effort to understand how one of these tests, the Hamburg rutting test, was impacted by differences in HMA mixture variables, the following experimental work was conducted. Three aggregate types consisting of a crushed granite, a crushed siliceous gravel, and a crushed limestone were evaluated at four design ESAL levels. These four ESAL levels were 300 000, 1 million, 3 million, and 10 million. For each of these aggregate types and ESAL levels, 5 PG graded binders were investigated. The binders were PG 58-28, PG 64-28C (chemically modified), PG 64-28P, PG 64-34, and PG 70-28; the latter 3 binders were polymer modified. For all mixtures, Hamburg Wheel Tracking tests were performed under water at 50°C. In addition, a DSR Creep Test developed at MTE was performed on each mixture at 58°C and 34 kPa stress to determine the dry strength characteristics. The Hamburg test showed consistently better results as the ESAL level of the mix increased and as the high temperature PG grade of the binder increased for a given base asphalt. In the Hamburg test, mixes produced with PG 64-34 did not perform as well as PG 70-28 or PG 64-28P, while in the DSR Creep Test, mixes produced with PG 64-34 performed significantly better than PG 64-28P. This leads to speculation that the modulus of the base asphalt plays a more significant role in stress applied moisture resistance tests and that dry high temperature permanent deformation tests are influenced by the modified binder properties.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPolymers Modified Binders.
=650  \0$aMultiple linear regression.
=650  \0$aP-value.
=650  \0$aHamburg Rut Tester.
=650  \0$aZero shear viscosity.
=650  14$aHamburg Rut Tester.
=650  24$aDSR Creep Test.
=650  24$aESAL.
=650  24$aPolymer Modified Binders.
=650  24$aVMA.
=650  24$aVFA.
=650  24$aANOVA.
=650  24$aP-value.
=650  24$aMultiple linear regression.
=650  24$aCumulative strain test.
=650  24$aZero shear viscosity.
=700  1\$aGlidden, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHerlitzka, D.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aJorgenson, J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12259.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12261
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12261$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12261$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTE270
=082  04$a639.9/7573$223
=100  1\$aMcDaniel, RS.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aUse of HMA Stiffness Results as a Referee Test in Indiana /$cRS. McDaniel, VL. Gallivan, GA. Huber, DH. Andrewski, M. Miller.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b6
=520  3\$aThe Indiana Department of Transportation (INDOT) began implementing volumetric acceptance of hot mix asphalt (HMA) mixtures in 2001. In some cases the air void contents of the plant-produced mixtures have been less than 2.0%. Rather than require removal and replacement of low air void mixes in all cases, INDOT implemented an optional referee testing procedure. This procedure allows contractors to leave low air void material in place, at reduced pay, if the stiffness of the placed material is equal to or greater than a specified minimum. If the stiffness is less, that sublot must be removed and replaced. The rationale is that if the stiffness is high enough, even if the air voids are low, the material would be expected to perform adequately. If the low air voids are accompanied by low stiffness, rutting performance would likely be compromised. This paper describes the rationale, development, and implementation of this program.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aVolumetric acceptance.
=650  \0$aReferee testing.
=650  \0$aFrequency sweep.
=650  \0$aAir voids.
=650  \0$aStiffness.
=650  \0$aHot mix asphalt.
=650  14$aHot mix asphalt.
=650  24$aAir voids.
=650  24$aStiffness.
=650  24$aVolumetric acceptance.
=650  24$aReferee testing.
=650  24$aFrequency sweep.
=700  1\$aGallivan, VL.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHuber, GA.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAndrewski, DH.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMiller, M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12261.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12262
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12262$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12262$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.9.C
=082  04$a620.1/92$223
=100  1\$aFwa, TF.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aC-φ Characterization Model for Design of Asphalt Mixtures and Asphalt Pavements /$cTF. Fwa, SA. Tan.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b14
=520  3\$aThis paper reports the results of a research effort initiated in the early 1990s to develop a C-φ (cohesion-angle of friction) characterization model for the design of asphalt mixtures and asphalt pavements. It is demonstrated that, since the model is based on the fundamental material properties represented by C and φ, it can derive analytically other asphalt mix design parameters such as Marshall stability and flow, and indirect tensile strength. The C-φ characterization model therefore offers a useful basis for the development of a comprehensive design framework that integrates asphalt mix design with asphalt pavement structural design. To demonstrate this capability, the research developed an empirical-mechanistic rutting prediction model of asphalt pavement layer using the C-φ characterization model. In addition, the model allows stresses and strains under design loading to be computed, which can be applied as input to structural analysis for asphalt material selection and pavement thickness design.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFriction angle.
=650  \0$aCohesion.
=650  \0$aMix design.
=650  \0$aPavement design.
=650  \0$aRutting prediction.
=650  \0$aAsphalt mixtures.
=650  \0$aElastic modulus.
=650  \0$aTriaxial test.
=650  14$aTriaxial test.
=650  24$aAsphalt mixtures.
=650  24$aMix design.
=650  24$aCohesion.
=650  24$aFriction angle.
=650  24$aElastic modulus.
=650  24$aPavement design.
=650  24$aRutting prediction.
=700  1\$aTan, SA.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12262.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12263
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12263$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12263$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.2
=082  04$a620.1/1233$223
=100  1\$aKim, J.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aObtaining Creep Compliance Parameters Accurately from Static or Cyclic Creep Tests /$cJ. Kim, R. Roque, B. Birgisson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (21 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b17
=520  3\$aObtaining creep compliance parameters that accurately represent the creep response of asphalt mixtures is critical for proper evaluation of the thermal cracking performance, as well as load induced cracking performance of asphalt pavements. A power law, which uses three parameters to describe the creep compliance curve, is commonly used for asphalt mixtures. However, the specific values of the parameters obtained can depend on both the testing and the data interpretation methods used. Different testing methods (for example, static versus cyclic creep) offer different advantages and disadvantages related to complexity in testing, as well as in the sensitivity of the data obtained from each test to the compliance parameters of interest. In general, cyclic creep tests provide greater sensitivity and accuracy at shorter loading times, while static creep tests are more accurate and reliable for the determination of the long-term creep response.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCreep compliance.
=650  \0$aComplex modulus.
=650  \0$aIndirect tension test.
=650  14$aComplex modulus.
=650  24$aCreep compliance.
=650  24$aIndirect tension test.
=700  1\$aRoque, R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBirgisson, B.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12263.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12264
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12264$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12264$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTE7
=082  04$a625.85$223
=100  1\$aWu, Z.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFracture Resistance Characterization of Superpave Mixtures Using the Semi-Circular Bending Test /$cZ. Wu, LN. Mohammad, LB. Wang, MA. Mull.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b10
=520  3\$aThe fracture resistance of asphalt mixture is an important property directly related to pavement distresses, such as cracking. This paper reports the investigation of a newly-developed semicircular bending (SCB) test as a candidate test for the fracture resistance characterization of asphalt mixtures. Thirteen Superpave mixtures, designed with four different binder types (AC-30, PAC-40, PG70-22M, and PG76-22M) and four different compaction levels (Ndesign = 75, 97, 109, and 125), were considered in this study. The SCB tests were conducted at 25°C using a three-point bending fixture in a MTS testing system. The fracture resistance was analyzed based on an elasto-plastic fracture mechanics concept of critical strain energy release rate, also called the critical value of J-integral (JC). Preliminary results indicate that the JC values were fairly sensitive to changes in binder type and nominal maximum aggregate size (NMAS) used in Superpave mixtures. This study suggests that the SCB test could be a valuable correlative tool in the evaluation of fracture resistance of asphalt mixtures.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aEnergy release rate.
=650  \0$aFracture resistance.
=650  \0$aSuperpave mixture.
=650  14$aSuperpave mixture.
=650  24$aFracture resistance.
=650  24$aSemi-circular bending.
=650  24$aEnergy release rate.
=700  1\$aMohammad, LN.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWang, LB.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMull, MA.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12264.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12268
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12268$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12268$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTE7
=082  04$a625.7 s$223
=100  1\$aWilliams, RC.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aUtilization of an Asphalt Pavement Analyzer for Hot Mix Asphalt Laboratory Mix Design /$cRC. Williams, DW. Hill, MP. Rottermond.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (25 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b28
=520  3\$aThe Superpave volumetric mix design system, developed by SHRP in the 1990s, has continued to gain widespread acceptance across the United States. Although it is widely believed to be an improvement over past mix design systems, it does have an inherent flaw. It does not include a performance test to assess HMA's resistance to rutting, fatigue, or low temperature cracking. With the development and implementation of newer performance test specifications, it is an appropriate time to work on integrating a performance based test for construction specifications. Rather than being based on material properties or construction practices, the payment for an HMA pavement could then be based primarily on the performance based specification. The results of this study indicate that although the APA works well as the pass/fail criterion used by state agencies, the variability of APA cycles to failure make it impractical to base a rut prediction model on data obtained from it.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAsphalt pavement analyzer.
=650  \0$aSuperpave.
=650  14$aAsphalt pavement analyzer.
=650  24$aSuperpave.
=650  24$aWesTrack.
=700  1\$aHill, DW.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRottermond, MP.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12268.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12276
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12276$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12276$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTE221
=082  04$a625.7$223
=100  1\$aWang, L.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCharacterization of Asphalt Concrete by Multi-Stage True Triaxial Testing /$cL. Wang, LR. Hoyos, L. Mohammad, C. Abadie.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b17
=520  3\$aThe feasibility of an existing servo-controlled true triaxial (cubical) apparatus for evaluating the mechanical response of nominal 4-in. cubical specimens of asphalt concrete (AC) under multi-axial stress states has been investigated. The apparatus allows the testing of specimens along a wide range of stress paths and stress levels that are not achievable in a conventional uniaxial or cylindrical apparatus. A multi-stage testing scheme can be followed by simultaneous control of the major, intermediate, and minor principal stresses directly applied to the specimens. Two cubical AC specimens cut from two WestTrack block samples were subjected to a series of multi-stage stress paths that included triaxial compression (TC), triaxial extension (TE), simple shear (SS), conventional triaxial compression (CTC), conventional triaxial extension (CTE), and cyclic conventional triaxial extension (CCTE). Experimental data were analyzed to assess volumetric creeping properties, resilient response, plastic deformation response, Poisson's ratio, loss angle, and dilatancy of asphalt concrete under general stress states. Test results highlight the potential of the cubical cell for mechanical characterization of asphalt concrete in a broad range of applications involving true triaxial stress states. Analysis of test results indicates all of the following: (a) Modulus of AC shows significant anisotropy in different orientations; (b) Volumetric creeping of AC is considerably significant at relatively high pressures; (c) AC shows significant dilatancy; and (d) Cubical Device can distinguish mixes of different performance.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aTriaxial testing.
=650  \0$aCubical apparatus.
=650  \0$aStress states.
=650  \0$aAnisotropy.
=650  14$aCubical apparatus.
=650  24$aStress states.
=650  24$aTriaxial testing.
=650  24$aAnisotropy.
=700  1\$aHoyos, LR.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMohammad, L.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAbadie, C.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12276.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12281
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12281$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12281$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTE270
=082  04$a625.8/5$223
=100  1\$aZhang, J.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aField Validation of Superpave Shear Test on NCAT Test Track /$cJ. Zhang, H. Xie, PS. Kandhal, RD. Powell.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aWhen the National Center for Asphalt Technology Test Track was built in 2000, one of the primary objectives was to determine the ability of a number of laboratory tests to predict the permanent deformation of various mixtures. Repeated Shear at Constant Height (RSCH) was included as one of the tests in the laboratory study. The subject of this paper is field validation of the Superpave Shear Tester (SST) based on the field rutting data from the Test Track. Permanent shear strain, slope of the deformation rate, repetitions to a certain strain level, and shear modulus were the parameters evaluated for RSCH. The sensitivity of SST test to asphalt binder type in the various test track sections was analyzed. The relationship between RSCH test results and field rut depth was poor. This was partly due to the good quality of the track construction, thick pavement structure, and mild summers during the loading of the 2000 track, which did not cause any significant rutting. The sensitivity study indicated that PG 76-22 binder performed better than the PG 67-22 binder in the RSCH test. The criteria developed by the Asphalt Institute seem to be in a reasonable range.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAsphalt concrete.
=650  \0$aRutting.
=650  \0$aNCAT Test Track.
=650  \0$aSuperpave Shear Test.
=650  14$aSuperpave Shear Test.
=650  24$aRepeated Shear at Constant Height.
=650  24$aNCAT Test Track.
=650  24$aHMA.
=650  24$aRutting.
=650  24$aPermanent deformation.
=650  24$aSST.
=650  24$aAsphalt concrete.
=700  1\$aXie, H.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKandhal, PS.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPowell, RD.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12281.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12292
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12292$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12292$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQA278.2
=082  04$a001.4/22$223
=100  1\$aChan, C.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSpatial Variations in Material Properties of Segmental Retaining Wall (SRW) Units, Part I :$bObserved Variations /$cC. Chan, KC. Hover, KJ. Folliard.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (17 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b1
=520  3\$aAn experimental program was conducted to examine the variations and distribution of measured properties in Segmental Retaining Wall (SRW) units. Flexural strength, flexural elastic modulus, and rate of absorption tests were conducted on specimens extracted from various split face SRW units and whose locations within the parent blocks were known. In general, material existing in regions at the bottommost layer of a block (i.e., material first deposited during casting) and farthest away from the split face displayed highest flexural strengths and elastic moduli and lowest absorptions out of all sampling locations considered. On the other hand, material in the middle layer and closest to the split face displayed lowest flexural strength and elastic moduli and highest absorptions. In addition, the SRW material also exhibited anisotropy with respect to flexural elastic modulus among samples taken at the same location within a block. These observations suggest that the blocks cannot be considered homogeneous throughout and that attention must be paid to possible spatial variations in measured properties when sampling specimens for testing.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSpatial analysis (Statistics)
=650  \0$aConcrete.
=650  \0$aSampling.
=650  \0$aFlexural strength.
=650  \0$aAbsorption.
=650  \0$aSpatial variation.
=650  14$aSegmental retaining wall (SRW)
=650  24$aFlexural strength.
=650  24$aFlexural elastic modulus.
=650  24$aAbsorption.
=650  24$aSampling.
=650  24$aSpatial variation.
=650  24$aConcrete.
=700  1\$aHover, KC.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFolliard, KJ.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12292.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12296
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12296$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12296$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQP623;
=082  04$a572.8/8$223
=100  1\$aSandberg, PJ.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCement-Admixture Interactions Related to Aluminate Control /$cPJ. Sandberg, LR. Roberts.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aProper aluminate control has a strong effect on the performance of most portland cement based mixtures. Insufficient aluminate control typically results in poor admixture dosage efficiency, loss of workability, and in extreme cases abnormal retardation of strength development. The amount of soluble sulfate needed for proper aluminate control depends on the reactivity of the aluminate phases, not the nominal amount given by chemical analysis. Many admixtures impact both the reactivity of the cement phases, the dispersion and wetting of cement grains, and sometimes also the rate of dissolution of the sulfates. Hence, it is imperative that cement and admixture must be tested together in performance tests. This paper reviews some basic cement-admixture chemical interactions and presents some examples of the application of isothermal calorimetry as a performance test of the hydration kinetics of portland cement in the presence of admixtures.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAluminate.
=650  \0$aSulfate.
=650  \0$aCalorimetry.
=650  \0$aReactivity.
=650  14$aCement-admixture interaction.
=650  24$aAluminate.
=650  24$aSulfate.
=650  24$aReactivity.
=650  24$aCalorimetry.
=700  1\$aRoberts, LR.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12296.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12318
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12318$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12318$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTE270
=082  04$a625.8/5$223
=100  1\$aDrakos, CA.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aIdentification of a Physical Model to Evaluate Rutting Performance of Asphalt Mixtures /$cCA. Drakos, R. Roque, B. Birgisson, M. Novak.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (21 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b19
=520  3\$aThe objective of this study is to identify a physical model that can provide reliable predictions about a mixture's ability to resist permanent deformation under realistic stress states. Key differences were identified between stress states under the existing Asphalt Pavement Analyzer (APA) loading device (hose) and stress states under radial truck tires, which may indicate potentially different rutting mechanisms. It was shown that the APA hose was not capturing the critical lateral stresses found to be detrimental to rutting and cracking of HMA pavements. A new loading device (rib) was designed and constructed for use in the APA that more closely represents stress states found under radial tires.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aRutting.
=650  \0$aInstability.
=650  14$aRutting.
=650  24$aInstability.
=650  24$aHMA.
=650  24$aAPA.
=700  1\$aRoque, R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBirgisson, B.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNovak, M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12318.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12321
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12321$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12321$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQB464.4
=082  04$a523.01/975$223
=100  1\$aToffolon-Masclet, C.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aStudy of Nb and Fe Precipitation in α-Phase Temperature Range (400 to 550°C) in Zr-Nb-(Fe-Sn) Alloys /$cC. Toffolon-Masclet, P. Barberis, J-C Brachet, J-P Mardon, L. Legras.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (18 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aThis work is aimed at improving our knowledge of the Nb and Fe precipitation in the low α-temperature range as a function of Fe and Sn contents in ZrNb based alloys. Several experimental variants, with Nb contents ranging from 0.3–0.8 wt%, Fe from 0.01–0.5 wt% (and also Sn additions), have been studied, with special attention paid to the residual Nb content in the matrix, and to the SPP crystallographic nature and chemical composition as a function of the nominal alloy composition, annealing time/temperature, and initial metallurgical condition.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aThermodynamic equilibrium.
=650  \0$aMicrostructure.
=650  \0$aCold work.
=650  \0$aComposition.
=650  \0$aKinetics.
=650  \0$aZirconium alloys.
=650  14$aZirconium alloys.
=650  24$aZrNbFe intermetallic precipitates.
=650  24$aComposition.
=650  24$aMicrostructure.
=650  24$aThermodynamic equilibrium.
=650  24$aKinetics.
=650  24$aCold work.
=700  1\$aBarberis, P.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBrachet, J-C,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMardon, J-P,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLegras, L.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12321.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12323
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12323$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12323$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.26
=082  04$a620.11233$223
=100  1\$aDubinko, V.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aModeling of the Simultaneous Evolution of Vacancy and Interstitial Dislocation Loops in hcp Metals Under Irradiation /$cV. Dubinko, A. Turkin, A. Abyzov, M. Griffiths.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (18 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b29
=520  3\$aWe present a model of the homogeneous nucleation and growth of vacancy and interstitial loops in irradiated hcp metals, which allows one to find the size distribution function, the dose dependence of the mean parameters of the dislocation system, and to describe effects due to temperature, material parameters, and initial microstructure. The model is based on a hierarchy of coupled ordinary differential equations. The first two equations are the rate equations for vacancy and interstitial concentrations. Other equations describe random walks of interstitial and vacancy clusters in a size space, i.e., the time dependence of loop densities. As an input, the model contains the capture efficiencies of point defects by loops, which depend self-consistently on the loop size and dislocation density. We have considered two possible scenarios depending on the point defect dilatation volume ratio: (i) dislocation bias for interstitial atoms and (ii) dislocation bias for vacancies. The model results are qualitatively consistent with experimental observations of a coexistence of interstitial and vacancy dislocation loops on the same habit planes in Zr and other hcp metals. The temperature dependence of the resulting loop size distributions depends strongly on the material properties and the initial microstructure.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMicrostructure Evolution.
=650  \0$aIrradiation.
=650  \0$aDislocation loops.
=650  14$aIrradiation.
=650  24$aDislocation loops.
=650  24$aMicrostructure evolution.
=700  1\$aTurkin, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAbyzov, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGriffiths, M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12323.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12332
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12332$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12332$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA460
=082  04$a620.1/6/28$223
=100  1\$aDoriot, S.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMicrostructural Stability of M5™ Alloy Irradiated up to High Neutron Fluences /$cS. Doriot, D. Gilbon, J-L Béchade, M-H Mathon, L. Legras, J-P Mardon.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (24 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b30
=520  3\$aThe present paper is focused on the microstructural stability of the Framatome-ANP M5™ (Zr-1%NbO) alloy. Thin foils were cut from M5 cladding tubes irradiated from 1 to 6 annual cycles in EDF PWRs, and examined by analytical transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results show that within the wide range of irradiation conditions investigated, the initial β-Nb particles undergo no amorphisation and only minor evolutions in size distribution, number density, and composition. Finally, very few c component basal loops were detected, so that no sign of accelerated growth regime has to be feared for the fuel burn-ups currently considered (∼70 GWd/t) for PWRs.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMicrostructure.
=650  \0$aIrradiation.
=650  \0$aGrowth behavior.
=650  \0$aDislocation loops.
=650  \0$aPrecipitates.
=650  14$aMicrostructure.
=650  24$aPrecipitates.
=650  24$aIrradiation.
=650  24$aDislocation loops.
=650  24$aGrowth behavior.
=700  1\$aGilbon, D.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBéchade, J-L,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMathon, M-H,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLegras, L.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMardon, J-P,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12332.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12333
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12333$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12333$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC173.458.C78
=082  04$a660/.284298$223
=100  1\$aGélébart, L.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aIdentification of Crystalline Behavior on Macroscopic Response and Local Strain Field Analysis :$bApplication to Alpha Zirconium Alloys /$cL. Gélébart, J. Crépin, M. Dexet, M. Sauzay, A. Roos.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (17 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b14
=520  3\$aThe purpose of this paper is to present an identification method of the crystalline behavior of a material from a mechanical test performed on a polycrystalline sample. Because of the lack of knowledge about its crystalline behavior, this method is applied to a Zirconium alloy. This identification is based on a finite element modeling of the microstructure, and the results are compared to both the macroscopic and the microscopic experimental results. On the microscopic scale, the plastic strains are obtained using a micro-extensometry technique and the crystalline orientation using an EBSD technique. In order to validate the method, an identification is performed with only two free parameters: the evolutions of the macroscopic and microscopic errors appear to be regular and exhibit a well-defined minimum so that the parameters can be clearly identified.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCrystalline plasticity.
=650  \0$aZirconium.
=650  \0$aIdentification.
=650  \0$aFinite-element.
=650  \0$aMicro-extensometry.
=650  14$aIdentification.
=650  24$aCrystalline plasticity.
=650  24$aZirconium.
=650  24$aFinite-element.
=650  24$aMicro-extensometry.
=650  24$aEBSD.
=700  1\$aCrépin, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDexet, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSauzay, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRoos, A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12333.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12334
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12334$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12334$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTS253
=082  04$a621.984$223
=100  1\$aHarada, M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSimulation of Cold Pilgering Process by a Generalized Plane Strain FEM /$cM. Harada, A. Honda, S. Toyoshima.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aIn order to attain a defect-free operation in the cold pilgering process, one must understand the material behavior through both experimental and computational study, optimization of the tool profile (mandrel and rolls), and appropriate selection of the tool material. Until now, several simplified computational methods have been presented, because 3-dimensional analysis is still far away in such a complicated forming process. In this paper, a generalized plane strain model has been employed for the simulations of cold pilgering of fuel cladding for nuclear applications. In this model, the tube material is considered to be viscoplastic at the loading stage of pilgering and totally elastic after every stroke. Therefore, considering the tube springs back after each stroke, it can be investigated how the tube shape affects deformation in the next pilgering stroke. A cold pilgering of zirconium alloy by two types of tools has been computed and compared. Moreover, computed results are compared with experimental results. Throughout the studies, the effect of tube spring back and the effect of design parameters on the deformation behavior are demonstrated.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFinite element method.
=650  \0$aDamage.
=650  \0$aZircaloy tube.
=650  \0$aCold pilgering.
=650  \0$aNumerical modeling.
=650  \0$aSpring back.
=650  \0$aComputational model.
=650  \0$aTool design.
=650  \0$aTool optimization.
=650  \0$aSurface defects.
=650  14$aZircaloy tube.
=650  24$aCold pilgering.
=650  24$aDamage.
=650  24$aSurface defects.
=650  24$aTool design.
=650  24$aTool optimization.
=650  24$aComputational model.
=650  24$aNumerical modeling.
=650  24$aSpring back.
=650  24$aFinite element method.
=700  1\$aHonda, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aToyoshima, S.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12334.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12335
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12335$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12335$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA480.Z65
=082  04$a620.1/89352$223
=100  1\$aBocharov, O.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aTemperature and Strain Rate Effects on Zr-1%Nb Alloy Deformation /$cO. Bocharov, S. Zavodchikov, V. Belov, A. Kabanov, V. Kotrekhov, V. Rozhdestvenski, V. Filippov, A. Losistskiy, A. Shikov.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b7
=520  3\$aA series of investigations has been performed to determine the maximum plasticity of Zr1%Nb alloy material. Also, the deformation limits for Zr1%Nb alloy material were determined. Tests in tension and compression were performed. During these tests the basic value of resistance to deformation and plasticity of the Zr-1%Nb alloy was determined under the temperature and strain rate conditions typical of hot deformation processing. The best temperature range is identified for the hot deformation processing of the Zr-1%Nb alloy. Also, a mathematical model is identified for the maximum plasticity as a function of the deformation conditions. That dependence has been used for the development of the high-tech processes for zirconium product manufacturing for nuclear application.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aStrain rate.
=650  \0$aHot extrusion.
=650  \0$aPlasticity.
=650  \0$aZirconium alloy.
=650  14$aZirconium alloy.
=650  24$aStrain rate.
=650  24$aPlasticity.
=650  24$aResistance to deformation.
=650  24$aHot extrusion.
=700  1\$aZavodchikov, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBelov, V.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKabanov, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKotrekhov, V.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRozhdestvenski, V.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFilippov, V.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLosistskiy, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aShikov, A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12335.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12336
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12336$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12336$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTJ1296
=082  04$a621.8$223
=100  1\$aZuev, LB.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPhase Composition, Structure, and Plastic Deformation Localization in Zr1%Nb alloys /$cLB. Zuev, SY. Zavodchikov, TM. Poletika, GS. Cheremnykh, VB. Filippov, VI. Belov, VM. Arzhakova, OV. Bocharov, AK. Shikov.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aThe feasibility of strengthening the Zrl%Nb alloy by achieving a non-uniform solid solution oxygen distribution in the α grains is considered. Technology employing Nb2O5 as an oxygen source has been developed, which permits introduction into the alloy additional oxygen up to 0.06–0.09 wt. %. Using the method of electron microscopy, the oxygen distribution of the as-produced alloy was examined. The material was found to contain Zr and Nb oxides of non-stoichiometric compositions. The regular features of plastic deformation localization were investigated. These features as revealed by the deforming material may be regarded as forerunners of necking in the course of Zr alloy tube manufacture and are indicative of probable material fracture.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aStrain hardening.
=650  \0$aOxygen.
=650  \0$aPlastic deformation.
=650  \0$aCladding tubes.
=650  \0$aZirconium alloy.
=650  14$aZirconium alloy.
=650  24$aOxygen.
=650  24$aCladding tubes.
=650  24$aPlastic deformation.
=650  24$aStrain hardening.
=650  24$aDeformation localization.
=700  1\$aZavodchikov, SY.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPoletika, TM.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aCheremnykh, GS.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFilippov, VB.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBelov, VI.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aArzhakova, VM.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBocharov, OV.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aShikov, AK.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12336.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12337
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12337$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12337$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD921
=082  04$a548.8$223
=100  1\$aDahlbäck, M.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Effect of Beta-Quenching in Final Dimension on the Irradiation Growth of Tubes and Channels /$cM. Dahlbäck, M. Limbäck, L. Hallstadius, P. Barberis, G. Bunel, C. Simonot, T. Andersson, P. Askeljung, J. Flygare, B. Lehtinen, AR. Massih.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (28 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b31
=520  3\$aThe effect of β-quenching performed in the final size of Zircaloy-4 guide tubes and Zircaloy-2 sheets during fabrication process on the products' mechanical properties, crystallographic texture, microstructure, and corrosion behavior has been investigated and presented in this paper. Moreover, the impact of this processing on the irradiation growth of pressurized water reactor Zircaloy-4 guide tubes in a test reactor and Zircaloy-2 fuel channels in boiling water reactors has been evaluated. The results indicate that the irradiation growth rates of the final dimension β-quenched (FDBQ) products are substantially lower than those fabricated by conventional (Standard) techniques. BWR channels irradiated up to a fast neutron fluence of about 9 × 1025 m−2 maintain this low growth behavior. Corrosion properties of FDBQ products have been made similar to that of the Standard material by performing an α-annealing step after the β-quenching. The annealing temperature and annealing time have been optimized in order to obtain good corrosion resistance. In-reactor data on Zircaloy-2 channels irradiated to a fuel assembly exposure of about 50 MWd/kgU indicate similar corrosion performance for the FDBQ and Standard materials. Finally, the in-reactor data on Zircaloy-2 channels show that bowing of the FDBQ and Standard channels is comparable up to a fast neutron fluence of about 7 × 1025 m−2.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCrystallographic texture.
=650  \0$aIrradiation growth.
=650  \0$aCorrosion.
=650  \0$aZircaloy.
=650  14$aZircaloy.
=650  24$aβ-quenching.
=650  24$aCrystallographic texture.
=650  24$aIrradiation growth.
=650  24$aCorrosion.
=700  1\$aLimbäck, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHallstadius, L.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBarberis, P.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBunel, G.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSimonot, C.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAndersson, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAskeljung, P.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFlygare, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLehtinen, B.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMassih, AR.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12337.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12339
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12339$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12339$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP151
=082  04$a660$223
=100  1\$aGrytsyna, V.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDestruction of Crystallographic Texture in Zirconium Alloy Tubes /$cV. Grytsyna, A. Stukalov, T. Chernyayeva, V. Krasnorutskyy, D. Malykhin, V. Voyevodin, V. Bryk.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (22 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b18
=520  3\$aThe paper investigates the dependence of the transformation texture of Zr-2.5wt%Nb tubes and rods on the initial texture, the method of heating (furnacing, conductive heating, inductive heating) and cooling (furnace cooling, water quenching, water shower), stress, and thermal cycling. It was demonstrated that the primary factors determining the transformation texture are the initial texture and the heating rate for quenching. From the investigation results, a method of final thermal treatment of finished zirconium reactor core components (pressure tubes, guide tubes, and cladding fuel rods) is suggested, allowing the destruction of their texture without changing the well-established manufacturing process. The suggested SHF heating includes the use of the α→β→α transformation with fast heating up to the β-phase, subsequent quenching for texture destruction, and annealing for transformation from the metastable α'-state to the equilibrium double-phase αZr + βNb state.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMicrostructure.
=650  \0$aTexture.
=650  \0$aInductive heating.
=650  \0$aIrradiation growth.
=650  \0$aGrowth coefficient.
=650  14$aZr-2.5%Nb alloy.
=650  24$aInductive heating.
=650  24$aβ-quenching.
=650  24$aGrowth coefficient.
=650  24$aTexture.
=650  24$aα→β→α phase transformation.
=650  24$aMicrostructure.
=650  24$aIrradiation growth.
=700  1\$aStukalov, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aChernyayeva, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKrasnorutskyy, V.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMalykhin, D.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aVoyevodin, V.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBryk, V.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12339.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12340
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12340$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12340$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aML3920
=082  04$a615.8/5154$223
=100  1\$aSuvorovs, T.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aInvestigation of Burning Aluminum in Oxygen-Enriched Atmospheres through Microanalysis Techniques /$cT. Suvorovs, JR. DeWit, BP. Osborne, TA. Steinberg.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b20
=520  3\$aPromoted-ignition testing of 3.2 mm diameter aluminum rods in high purity oxygen was performed. The rod and detached drops of both self-extinguished and water quenched samples were examined using scanning electron microscopy and electron probe microanalysis to analyze the physical structure of the sample and gather compositional data. A comparison of the micrographs of self-extinguished and quenched samples reveals clear differences in the extent of melted and re-solidified (unreacted) material and the thickness of the oxide layer, highlighting the effect of cooling rate on the burning system. A qualitative physical model for the burning of bulk aluminum in gaseous oxygen is presented. The model, incorporating a molten drop growth and detachment cycle, is based on an initial heterogeneous burning phase leading to a second phase of combined heterogeneous and homogeneous burning.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBurning metal.
=650  \0$aAluminum.
=650  \0$aOxidation.
=650  \0$aPromoted-ignition.
=650  \0$aMicroanalysis.
=650  14$aPromoted-ignition.
=650  24$aAluminum.
=650  24$aMicroanalysis.
=650  24$aSEM.
=650  24$aBurning metal.
=650  24$aOxidation.
=700  1\$aDeWit, JR.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aOsborne, BP.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSteinberg, TA.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12340.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12342
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12342$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12342$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQE516.S1
=082  04$a628.1/6832$223
=100  1\$aBahurmuz, AA.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPredicting Oxidation and Deuterium Ingress for Zr-2.5Nb CANDU Pressure Tubes /$cAA. Bahurmuz, IJ. Muir, VF. Urbanic.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b10
=520  3\$aThe pressure boundary of a CANDU® fuel channel is composed of a cold-worked Zr-2.5Nb pressure tube, which has each end rolled into a stainless-steel end fitting. Heavy-water (D2O) coolant (250–310°C) flows over and through twelve or thirteen fuel bundles contained in each pressure tube. During operation, some deuterium generated by aqueous corrosion of the tube surface enters the metal. Additional deuterium also enters through the rolled joint between the tube and the end fitting.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aDeuterium uptake.
=650  \0$aCorrosion.
=650  \0$aOxidation kinetics.
=650  \0$aPressure tubes.
=650  14$aZr-Nb alloys.
=650  24$aPressure tubes.
=650  24$aCorrosion.
=650  24$aDeuterium uptake.
=650  24$aOxidation kinetics.
=650  24$aSecondary Ion Mass Spectrometry.
=700  1\$aMuir, IJ.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aUrbanic, VF.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12342.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12344
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12344$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12344$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN756
=082  04$a669$223
=100  1\$aYueh, HK.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aImproved ZIRLOTM Cladding Performance through Chemistry and Process Modifications /$cHK. Yueh, RL. Kesterson, RJ. Comstock, HH. Shah, DJ. Colburn, M. Dahlback, L. Hallstadius.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b8
=520  3\$aSince the introduction of the ZIRLO™ alloy for use in commercial nuclear light water reactors (LWRs) in the early nineties, work has continued on identifying chemistry and process changes to improve further the in-reactor corrosion performance of the alloy. Relative to the reference ZIRLO chemistry of Zr-1%Nb-1%Sn-0.1%Fe, a series of Zr-xNb-ySn-zFe alloys was fabricated to strip material and autoclave tested. The goal was to identify Zr-Nb-Sn-Fe compositions that would result in lower uniform corrosion rates in pure water and steam environments, while retaining resistance to accelerated corrosion in abnormal chemistry conditions, such as elevated lithium levels. The results of the study identified a reduction in tin content as having the greatest impact on improving the uniform corrosion performance. However, a minimum tin content was required to avoid accelerated corrosion in water containing 70-ppm Li. In the processing area, an extensive study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between thermal-mechanical processing, alloy microstructure (e.g., second phase particles), and corrosion performance. Processing variables following β-phase heat treatments included cold work, annealing temperature, and annealing time. Long-term autoclave tests performed in 633°K water containing 70-ppm lithium showed the uniform corrosion rate of the alloy is essentially optimized in cold-worked material after only 1 h of anneal at temperatures higher than 823°K. The autoclave results also showed a lower corrosion rate with decreasing processing temperatures. A low tin version of the ZIRLO alloy, with approximately 0.75 % tin content, was fabricated into fuel cladding and inserted as fuel rods in a commercial pressurized water reactor. After two 18-month cycles at high fuel duty and average burnups greater than 52 GWD/MTU, the peak oxide thickness in the low tin ZIRLO was significantly lower than reference ZIRLO.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aThermal/mechanical processing.
=650  \0$aCorrosion.
=650  14$aZIRLO.
=650  24$aCorrosion.
=650  24$aSecond phase particle (SPP)
=650  24$aThermal-mechanical processing.
=700  1\$aKesterson, RL.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aComstock, RJ.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aShah, HH.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aColburn, DJ.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDahlback, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHallstadius, L.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12344.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12346
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12346$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12346$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA460
=082  04$a620.1/6/28$223
=100  1\$aYoshitake, T.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aBehavior of Irradiated Type 316 Stainless Steels under Low-Strain-Rate Tensile Conditions /$cT. Yoshitake, I. Yamagata, N. Akasaka, Y. Nakamura, H. Tsai, J. Cole, T. Allen.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b10
=520  3\$aThe effects of lower strain rate on the tensile behavior of 12 % cold-worked type 316 stainless steels irradiated in the EBR-II reactor under low-dose-rate and moderate temperature conditions were investigated. Tensile tests were carried out at a strain rate of 1 × 10−7/s. Post-test fractography and microstructural characterization were also performed. Irradiation temperature and dose appeared to have the greatest effect on hardening and ductility loss, whereas dose rate appeared to have less apparent effects. In conjunction with earlier work performed on the same material at a strain rate of 1 × 10−3/s, there was no significant effect of strain rate on tensile behavior under the irradiation conditions examined. For fracture behavior, the material after irradiation exhibited typical ductile fracture during both high and low-strain-rate tests.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aLow-strain-rate.
=650  \0$aIrradiation hardening.
=650  \0$aTensile properties.
=650  \0$aEBR-II reflector duct.
=650  \0$aEmbrittlement.
=650  \0$aDuctility.
=650  14$aIrradiation hardening.
=650  24$aDuctility.
=650  24$aEmbrittlement.
=650  24$aType 316 stainless steels.
=650  24$aTensile properties.
=650  24$aLow-strain-rate.
=650  24$aLower dose rate irradiation.
=650  24$aEBR-II reflector duct.
=650  24$aFast reactor core materials.
=700  1\$aYamagata, I.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAkasaka, N.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNakamura, Y.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTsai, H.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aCole, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAllen, T.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12346.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12348
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12348$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12348$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD606
=082  04$a545.82$223
=100  1\$aObata, M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aRadiation-Induced Stress Relaxation of Welded Type 304 Stainless Steel Evaluated by Neutron Diffraction /$cM. Obata, JH. Root, Y. Ishiyama, K. Nakata, H. Sakamoto, H. Anzai, K. Asano.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (17 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aThe welded Type 304 stainless steel specimens were neutron-irradiated up to 2 × 1025 n/m2 (E > 1MeV) at 561K in the Japan Material Testing Reactor (JMTR). The residual stresses in the test specimens were measured by neutron diffraction, and the radiation-induced stress relaxation was evaluated from the change of stress distributions along the direction transverse to the weld bead. The magnitudes of σX (transverse to the weld) and σY (longitudinal to the weld) residual stresses decreased steadily with increasing neutron fluence. The irradiation dose dependence and the mechanism for the relaxation were examined using an equation derived from the irradiation creep equation. There was a steep stress relaxation, which might correspond to transient creep, at the early stage of neutron irradiation near the weld, and the different radiation-induced relaxation behaviors could be observed depending on the distance from the weld. The radiation-induced stress relaxation for welding-induced residual stress, which was generated under a three-dimensional restriction, indicated the tendency to be slower compared to the fundamental results for mechanically applied stress.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aType 304 stainless steel.
=650  \0$aNeutron diffraction.
=650  \0$aNeutron irradiation.
=650  \0$aIrradiation creep.
=650  \0$aResidual stress.
=650  14$aRadiation-induced stress relaxation.
=650  24$aType 304 stainless steel.
=650  24$aNeutron irradiation.
=650  24$aIrradiation dose dependence.
=650  24$aNeutron diffraction.
=650  24$aIrradiation creep.
=650  24$aResidual stress.
=700  1\$aRoot, JH.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aIshiyama, Y.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNakata, K.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSakamoto, H.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAnzai, H.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAsano, K.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12348.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12352
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12352$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12352$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP359.H8
=082  04$a665.81$223
=100  1\$aKakiuchi, K.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aRole of Iron for Hydrogen Absorption Mechanism in Zirconium Alloys /$cK. Kakiuchi, N. Itagaki, T. Furuya, A. Miyazaki, Y. Ishii, S. Suzuki, T. Terai, M. Yamawaki.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aThe latest PIE results of Zry-2 and HiFi alloy (0.4 %Fe-Zry2) showed that iron addition reduces the hydrogen pick-up ratio. In order to clarify this lower hydrogen absorption mechanism, three types of experiments were carried out for both alloys:.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCorrosion.
=650  \0$aHydrogen absorption.
=650  \0$aZirconium alloy.
=650  14$aHydrogen absorption.
=650  24$aCorrosion.
=650  24$aZirconium alloy.
=650  24$aElectrochemical property.
=650  24$aIntermetallic compound.
=700  1\$aItagaki, N.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFuruya, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMiyazaki, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aIshii, Y.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSuzuki, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTerai, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aYamawaki, M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12352.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12354
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12354$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12354$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD606
=082  04$a545.82$223
=100  1\$ade Carlan, Y.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPost-Irradiation Tensile Behavior and Residual Activity of Several Ferritic/Martensitic and Austenitic Steels Irradiated in Osiris Reactor at 325°C up to 9 dpa /$cY. de Carlan, X. Averty, J-C Brachet, J-L Bertin, F. Rozenblum, O. Rabouille, A. Bougault.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (19 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b25
=520  3\$aAn experimental irradiation, named “Alexandre,” has been carried out in the Osiris experimental reactor to perform a generic study on the mechanical behavior after irradiation at 325°C of different kinds of steels suitable for use as irradiated components in a nuclear reactor [1]. The irradiated steels were austenitic stainless, martensitic (conventional and reduced activation), and ferritic-martensitic Oxide Dispersion Strengthened steels in various initial metallurgical conditions. The final dose was 9 dpa, which represents nearly a “saturation” dose for the hardening/embrittlement of both austenitic and martensitic steels. At this dose, the Yield Strength and the Ultimate Tensile Strengths are almost equal, and strong localization of the plastic deformation is often observed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aNeutron irradiation.
=650  \0$aDose rate.
=650  \0$aReduced activation.
=650  \0$aTensile properties.
=650  \0$aActivity.
=650  14$a304/316.
=650  24$a8–12%Cr martensitic steels.
=650  24$aReduced activation.
=650  24$aODS.
=650  24$aNeutron irradiation at 325°C.
=650  24$aTensile properties.
=650  24$aActivity.
=650  24$aDose rate.
=700  1\$aAverty, X.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBrachet, J-C,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBertin, J-L,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRozenblum, F.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRabouille, O.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBougault, A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12354.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12355
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12355$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12355$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP786
=082  04$a620.1/4$223
=100  1\$aGupta, G.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Role of Grain Boundary Engineering on the High Temperature Creep of Ferritic-Martensitic Alloy T91 /$cG. Gupta, GS. Was.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b38
=520  3\$aFerritic-Martensitic alloys are expected to play a major role in supercritical water reactor internals. These steels offer better swelling resistance than austenitic alloys but may suffer from grain boundary or matrix creep and loss of strength at higher temperatures and unacceptably low toughness at lower temperatures. The focus of this investigation is to improve the creep resistance of T91 by grain boundary engineering. By increasing the fraction of coincident site lattice (CSL), or special boundaries, the grain boundaries are strengthened against sliding and deformation, thus improving the creep resistance. Thermo-mechanical treatment for coincident site lattice enhancement of T91 has already been developed. High temperature (500°C) creep experiments in argon are conducted to assess the effectiveness of the CSL enhanced microstructure on the creep rate. Experimental analysis shows that the CSL-enhanced condition results in a lower creep rate by a factor of 3-4 as-compared to A/R condition for T91 at a temperature of 500°C and in the stress range of 200–225 MPa by reducing the effective stress.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aGrain boundary engineering.
=650  \0$aCoincident site lattice.
=650  \0$aCreep.
=650  14$aCreep.
=650  24$aT91.
=650  24$aGrain boundary engineering.
=650  24$aCoincident site lattice.
=700  1\$aWas, GS.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12355.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12357
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12357$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12357$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQH212.T7
=082  04$a620.1/1299$223
=100  1\$aTakagawa, Y.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Correlation Between Microstructures and in-BWR Corrosion Behavior of Highly Irradiated Zr-based Alloys /$cY. Takagawa, S. Ishimoto, Y. Etoh, T. Kubo, K. Ogata, O. Kubota.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b28
=520  3\$aThe microstructures of four kinds of Zircaloy-2-type materials with neutron exposure up to about 15 × 1025 n/m2 (E>1MeV) were examined to investigate the microstructural evolution and to correlate it with the in-reactor corrosion behavior at very high fluences. The materials examined in this study included two advanced Zr-based alloys with good corrosion resistance, namely High Fe Zry and High FeNi Zry, and two other kinds of Zry-2 materials with slightly different elemental compositions and fabrication processes producing differing second phase particle sizes. All alloys showed good corrosion behavior and low hydrogen pickup when irradiated up to four cycles in dummy neutron source holders located outside of channel boxes. After six irradiation cycles, all four of the alloys had an increase in the rate of uniform corrosion and hydrogen pickup. The results of the microstructure examinations after six-cycle irradiation indicated two interesting points: (1) increased insight into the dissolution process for Zr-Fe-Cr particles, and (2) a correlation between the number density of Zr-Fe-Cr particles surviving through irradiation and the corrosion behavior at high fluences. From these results, it is suggested that increasing the initial particle size and/or controlling the alloy chemistry would be beneficial to improve the uniform corrosion performance and to lower hydrogen pickup, especially at very high fluences.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSecond-phase particles.
=650  \0$aMicrostructure.
=650  \0$aCorrosion.
=650  \0$aHigh bumup.
=650  \0$aTransmission electron microscopy.
=650  14$aZr-based alloys.
=650  24$aBWR.
=650  24$aCorrosion.
=650  24$aHigh bumup.
=650  24$aMicrostructure.
=650  24$aSecond-phase particles.
=650  24$aTransmission electron microscopy.
=700  1\$aIshimoto, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aEtoh, Y.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKubo, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aOgata, K.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKubota, O.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12357.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12371
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12371$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12371$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTS1175
=082  04$a676$223
=100  1\$aCho, H-S,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDevelopment of Fuel Clad Materials for High Burn-up Operation of LWR /$cH-S Cho, A. Kimura, S. Ukai, M. Fujiwara.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aOxide dispersion strengthening (ODS) steels have been considered to be very promising for fuel clad materials for high burn-up operation of light water reactor and super critical water reactor. For improving the corrosion resistance, increasing chromium concentration, which often resulted in degradation of mechanical properties and thermal embrittlement, has been required. In this work, the effects of aluminum addition on the mechanical properties of high chromium ODS steels have been investigated. Various ODS steels which have 14 ∼ 22 wt% Cr concentrations were made by mechanical alloying method. In order to evaluate the mechanical properties and the effect of thermal aging, a miniaturized Charpy V notch test and tensile test were performed before and after aging. 1) The addition of Al resulted in the decrease in anisotropy of tensile properties, although it reduced the tensile stress. 2) The impact properties of 19Cr-ODS steel are improved by the addition of Al.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAging effect.
=650  \0$aImpact property.
=650  \0$aTensile property.
=650  14$aImpact property.
=650  24$aTensile property.
=650  24$aAging effect.
=700  1\$aKimura, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aUkai, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFujiwara, M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12371.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12372
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12372$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12372$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA483
=082  04$a669$223
=100  1\$aSell, H-J,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffect of Alloying Elements and Impurities on in-BWR Corrosion of Zirconium Alloys /$cH-J Sell, S. Trapp-Pritsching, F. Garzarolli.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aThe data base on the corrosion behavior of Zr alloy materials under BWR conditions was evaluated with respect to the burnup target of 70 MWd/kgU. At high burnups, corrosion rate and the rate of hydrogen pickup (HPU) may increase. This onset of increase obviously depends on the material, but also seems to be significantly affected by the coolant water chemistry. Because small differences in corrosion behavior at lower burnup might become more and more important with increasing burnup, Framatome ANP has performed several studies on the separate and combined effects of (1) alloying content of the claddings, (2) cladding material condition, (3) impurity content of the cladding, and (4) the coolant chemistry. This paper focuses on the effects the concentration of alloying elements and of impurities (including microstructural differences imposed by the annealing treatment) have on corrosion. The corrosion effects were evaluated in material test irradiation programs in two BWRs. Zircaloy type materials processed at low temperatures (LTP), defined by a low particle growth parameter (PGP) value, exhibit a maximum corrosion resistance between 1.2 and 1.5 % Sn. Impurities, such as C, O, and P can increase the corrosion of Zircaloy in BWRs at high burnup. The higher the corrosion resistance of the base material, the more pronounced is the increase seen at high burnup. Above a critical PGP value, in-pile corrosion increases. At high burnups, Zry-4 shows a higher increase with increasing PGP than Zry-2, whereas at lower burnups both behave similarly. The critical PGP value varies with the chemical composition, such as Fe, Cr, and Ni content and the distribution of second phase particles (SPP). The effect of Si is more complex. Si increases in-pile corrosion at contents in excess of 140 ppm. Contents at 80 to 140 ppm can be beneficial, when the β-quench rate applied during fabrication is not high enough to ensure a uniform distribution of the SPP, and the alloying composition and the concentration of impurities is in a beneficial range. The hydrogen pickup fraction (HPUF) of Zircaloy type samples in BWRs decreases with decreasing corrosion resistance but differs from plant to plant. There are indications that the difference can partially be attributed to the Fe content in the coolant.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aIncreased corrosion.
=650  \0$aIn-pile corrosion.
=650  \0$aShadow corrosion.
=650  \0$aHydrogen pickup.
=650  \0$aAlloying elements.
=650  \0$aImpurities.
=650  14$aBWR.
=650  24$aZr alloy.
=650  24$aZircaloy-2/4.
=650  24$aIncreased corrosion.
=650  24$aIn-pile corrosion.
=650  24$aShadow corrosion.
=650  24$aHydrogen pickup.
=650  24$aAlloying elements.
=650  24$aImpurities.
=650  24$aPrecipitate distribution.
=700  1\$aTrapp-Pritsching, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGarzarolli, F.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12372.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12373
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12373$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12373$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH2431
=082  04$a695$223
=100  1\$aShimada, S.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aIn-Core Tests of Effects of BWR Water Chemistry Impurities on Zircaloy Corrosion /$cS. Shimada, B. Cheng, D. Lutz, O. Kubota, N. Ichikawa, H. Ibe.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (26 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b15
=520  3\$aThere have been several cases of fuel failures resulting from localized corrosion acceleration of the Zircaloy-2 cladding in BWRs over the last 25 years [1–3]. Some of the failures resulted from localized crud deposition, but others appear to be related to accelerated corrosion of the cladding, possibly due to certain chemical attacks of the cladding. The corrosion variability of Zircaloy-2 in BWRs has been attributed to a synergistic effect of Zircaloy-2 material variability, water chemistry impurities, and in-core service duty. Through extensive research efforts, the susceptibility of Zircaloy-2 cladding to nodular corrosion has been mitigated through improvements in the thermo-mechanical processing and surface finish since the mid-1980s. However, isolated cases of enhanced nodular corrosion have been reported recently in US BWRs [3]. Since such corrosion variability of Zircaloy-2 is undesirable, particularly for high burnup fuel components, candidate new Zr-alloys that are expected to have better nodular corrosion resistance than Zircaloy-2 have been developed [4–6].
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCladding systems.
=650  \0$aZircaloy-2.
=650  \0$aCladding.
=650  \0$aCorrosion.
=650  14$aZircaloy-2.
=650  24$aCorrosion.
=650  24$aCladding.
=700  1\$aCheng, B.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLutz, D.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKubota, O.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aIchikawa, N.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aIbe, H.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12373.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12374
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12374$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12374$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD131
=082  04$a669/.92$223
=100  1\$aLysell, G.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aShadow Corrosion Mechanism of Zircaloy /$cG. Lysell, A-C Nystrand, M. Ullberg.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (17 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b10
=520  3\$aThe mechanism of Zircaloy shadow corrosion was studied theoretically and experimentally. The theoretical study showed shadow corrosion, with a few exceptions, to be remarkably consistent with a galvanic corrosion mechanism. The exceptions may be explained as radiation effects. An experiment was therefore devised to test the galvanic hypothesis, based on the fact that galvanic corrosion requires a closed current loop. Three pieces of Zircaloy cladding with stainless steel counter electrodes were exposed in-pile. Two of the claddings were galvanically coupled to the counters. The third cladding was well insulated by fitting it to a 100 mm sapphire tube. The claddings were irradiated together in oxidizing water chemistry for one reactor period. The galvanically coupled claddings developed shadow corrosion, but not the well insulated cladding.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCladding.
=650  \0$aRadiation.
=650  \0$aShadow corrosion.
=650  \0$aBoiling water reactor.
=650  \0$aZircaloy.
=650  14$aZircaloy.
=650  24$aShadow corrosion.
=650  24$aCladding.
=650  24$aRadiation.
=650  24$aBoiling water reactor.
=700  1\$aNystrand, A-C,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aUllberg, M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12374.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12375
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12375$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12375$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA480.Z65
=082  04$a620.1/89352$223
=100  1\$aMotta, AT.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMicrostructure and Growth Mechanism of Oxide Layers Formed on Zr Alloys Studied with Micro-Beam Synchrotron Radiation /$cAT. Motta, A. Yilmazbayhan, RJ. Comstock, J. Partezana, GP. Sabol, B. Lai, Z. Cai.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (26 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b40
=520  3\$aThe structures of oxides formed in water and lithiated water on three Zr-based alloys with varied corrosion behavior were studied with micro-beam synchrotron radiation and optical microscopy. Micro-beam synchrotron radiation (0.2 μm spot) has a unique combination of high elemental sensitivity (ppm level) and fine spatial resolution that allowed the determination of various oxide characteristics such as phase content, texture, grain size, and composition as a function of distance from the oxide-metal interface.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aZirconium Alloy.
=650  \0$aOxide microstructure.
=650  \0$aCorrosion.
=650  \0$aX-ray diffraction.
=650  \0$aZirconium alloys.
=650  14$aZirconium alloys.
=650  24$aCorrosion.
=650  24$aSynchrotron radiation.
=650  24$aX-ray diffraction.
=650  24$aOxide microstructure.
=700  1\$aYilmazbayhan, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aComstock, RJ.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPartezana, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSabol, GP.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLai, B.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aCai, Z.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12375.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12376
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12376$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12376$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA460
=082  04$a620.1/6/28$223
=100  1\$aGan, J.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMicrostructure Evolution in ZrC Irradiated with Kr ions /$cJ. Gan, MK. Meyer, RC. Birtcher, TR. Allen.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aThe gas-cooled fast reactor (GFR) is one of six concepts for the Generation-IV nuclear energy system. The fuel for the GFR requires both a high heavy metal loading and the ability to withstand temperatures up to 1600°C during a loss of coolant accident. ZrC is among the few potential refractory ceramic materials with necessary properties to be considered as matrix materials for a dispersed carbide fuel. The radiation response of ZrC to high dose and temperature is a critical research need. This work investigated the microstructure of ZrC irradiated with 1 MeV Kr ions to doses of 10 and 30 dpa at 27°C and 10 and 70 dpa at 800°C with a damage rate approximately 3.0 × 10−3 dpa/s. No radiation-induced amorphization was found. A lattice expansion of approximately 7 % was observed for ZrC irradiated to 70 dpa at 800°C.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMicrostructure.
=650  \0$aDislocation.
=650  \0$aIrradiation.
=650  \0$aLattice expansion.
=650  14$aZrC.
=650  24$aKr ions.
=650  24$aMicrostructure.
=650  24$aIrradiation.
=650  24$aDislocation.
=650  24$aLattice expansion.
=700  1\$aMeyer, MK.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBirtcher, RC.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAllen, TR.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12376.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12377
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12377$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12377$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD606
=082  04$a545.82$223
=100  1\$aKatoh, Y.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMechanical Properties of Cubic Silicon Carbide after Neutron Irradiation at Elevated Temperatures /$cY. Katoh, LL. Snead.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b25
=520  3\$aMechanical properties of high-purity polycrystalline cubic SiC was characterized after neutron irradiation. Bar samples were irradiated in target position capsules in the High Flux Isotope Reactor (HFIR, Oak Ridge, Tennessee) to nominal fluence levels up to 7.7 dpa at temperatures of 300, 500, and 800°C. A decrease in Young's modulus was observed after irradiation, and its irradiation temperature dependence qualitatively agreed with the calculated modulus change due to point defect swelling. Irradiation caused a significant modification of statistical flexural strength but caused only minor increase in nano-indentation hardness. The irradiation effect on fracture initiation through an enhanced cleavage resistance likely is primarily responsible for the major change in flexural strength properties.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSilicon carbide.
=650  \0$aFlexural strength.
=650  \0$aNano-indentation.
=650  \0$aNeutron irradiation.
=650  \0$aElastic modulus.
=650  14$aSilicon carbide.
=650  24$aNeutron irradiation.
=650  24$aNano-indentation.
=650  24$aElastic modulus.
=650  24$aFlexural strength.
=700  1\$aSnead, LL.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12377.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12380
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12380$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12380$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRJ482.R48
=082  04$a618.92/7$223
=100  1\$aLi, M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCreep-Fatigue Behavior in High Strength Copper Alloys /$cM. Li, JF. Stubbins.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b10
=520  3\$aCopper alloys are found to experience a stress relaxation during holds at maximum tension and maximum compression during cyclic loading patterns. This stress relaxation response has an effect on fatigue life by reducing the numbers of cycles to failure, particularly in the high cycle fatigue, long life regime. The stress relaxation behavior is found even for room temperature loading conditions, well below the temperature regime normally associated with creep and stress relaxation. It is suggested that the creep and stress relaxation deformation modes during hold periods is predominantly through primary creep process.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aShear strain.
=650  \0$aFatigue life.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aStress relaxation.
=650  \0$aCopper alloys.
=650  14$aFatigue.
=650  24$aCreep.
=650  24$aStress relaxation.
=650  24$aFatigue life.
=650  24$aCopper alloys.
=700  1\$aStubbins, JF.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12380.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12381
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12381$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12381$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA401.3
=082  04$a620.1$223
=100  1\$aMathon, M-H,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSmall Angle Neutron Scattering Study of Irradiated Martensitic Steels :$bRelation Between Microstructural Evolution and Hardening /$cM-H Mathon, Y. de Carlan, X. Averty, A. Alamo, C-H de Novion.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b19
=520  3\$aMartensitic/ferritic steels (containing 7–13 % Cr) are candidate materials for internal structures in pressurized water, fast breeder, and fusion reactors. Approval for use requires verification of structural stability under neutron irradiation in relation to the evolution of mechanical properties. In this context, several conventional and Reduced Activation (RA) martensitic materials were neutron irradiated at 325°C up to 6 dpa. They were investigated by Small Angle Neutron Scattering (SANS) under a magnetic field after various doses.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aODS steel.
=650  \0$aReduced activation.
=650  14$a7–12%Cr martensitic steels.
=650  24$aReduced activation.
=650  24$aODS steel.
=650  24$aNeutron irradiation at 325°C.
=650  24$aSmall Angle Neutron Scattering.
=650  24$aα′ precipitation.
=700  1\$ade Carlan, Y.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAverty, X.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAlamo, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$ade Novion, C-H,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12381.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12382
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12382$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12382$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA404.6
=082  04$a620.11$223
=100  1\$aAllen, TR.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aRadiation Resistance of Advanced Ferritic-Martensitic Steel HCM12A /$cTR. Allen, L. Tan, JD. Tucker, J. Gan, G. Gupta, GS. Was, S. Shutthanandan, S. Thevuthasan.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b22
=520  3\$aHCM12A is an advanced 12 Cr ferritic-martensitic steel designed for higher temperature operation than could be achieved using earlier generation steels such as HT9. HCM12A is one of the advanced alloys under consideration for application in core components in Generation IV nuclear energy systems, and is of particular interest to the supercritical water reactor, sodium fast reactor, and lead fast reactor designs. The radiation resistance of HCM12A has not previously been studied. This work provides information on the hardening and microstructural changes in HCM12A after irradiation using 2.0 MeV protons at 400°C to 10 dpa and 5 MeV Ni-ions at 500°C to 50 dpa. Following irradiation, changes in hardness were measured using Vickers hardness indentation, changes in microstructure and phase stability were studied using transmission electron microscopy, and changes in microchemistry were measured using scanning Auger microscopy. The hardness increases by roughly 70 % and saturates by roughly 5 dpa. The changes to the microstructure contributing to this hardness increase are primarily due to the formation of precipitate phases, with some contribution from changes in dislocation density. Chromium is enriched at grain boundaries prior to irradiation, likely due to grain boundary carbides, and increases further during the irradiation.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFerritic-martensitic steel.
=650  \0$aMicrostructure.
=650  \0$aRadiation.
=650  \0$aSegregation.
=650  14$aFerritic-martensitic steel.
=650  24$aMicrostructure.
=650  24$aRadiation.
=650  24$aSegregation.
=700  1\$aTan, L.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTucker, JD.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGan, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGupta, G.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWas, GS.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aShutthanandan, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aThevuthasan, S.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12382.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12385
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12385$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12385$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK9185
=082  04$a621.48/332$223
=100  1\$aUlbricht, A.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMicrostructural and Mechanical Characterization of Radiation Effects in Model Reactor Pressure Vessel Steels /$cA. Ulbricht, J. Böhmert, H-W Viehrig.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b29
=520  3\$aThis paper presents results of radiation-induced nanoscale microstructural changes measured by Small-Angle Neutron Scattering (SANS) on ASTM-type reactor pressure vessel (RPV) steels. Five different base metals and one weld metal were investigated. The irradiation was performed in a VVER-type power reactor to three different dose levels, maximally 0.14 dpa, at an irradiation temperature of 255°C. The volume content of the micostructural features measured is correlated with the irradiation hardening and embrittlement.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMicrostructure.
=650  \0$aRadiation hardening.
=650  \0$aEmbrittlement.
=650  14$aMicrostructure.
=650  24$aSANS.
=650  24$aRadiation hardening.
=650  24$aEmbrittlement.
=700  1\$aBöhmert, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aViehrig, H-W,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12385.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12386
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12386$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12386$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK9211.5
=082  04$a621.48/332$223
=100  1\$aFaulkner, RG.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffects of Neutron Irradiation on Precipitation in Reactor Pressure Vessel Steels /$cRG. Faulkner, Z. Lu, D. Ellis, TJ. Williams.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b10
=520  3\$aSeveral MnMoNi pressure vessel steels with varying Ni, Cu, and Mo contents have been investigated in the irradiated and unirradiated condition. Examination using analytical transmission electron microscopy was performed in order to understand more fully the nature of both the inter- and intra-granular precipitation in these alloys. In particular, attention has been paid to the carbide population, which exists in the material in addition to the copper precipitates, which have received detailed study elsewhere. The most dramatic revelations concern the discovery that fine, intra-granular (10 nm diameter) Fe3C particles are present in these steels, in addition to the normally expected copper-rich precipitates of a similar size. Neutron irradiation increases the volume fractions of inter- and intra-granular precipitation of all phases (Fe3C, Cu-rich, and Mo2C). Neutron irradiation has the least effect in increasing volume fraction in high Ni; high Cu alloys (WV). The effects of neutron irradiation on precipitation rates are greatest in low Ni; high Cu alloys (SG (SH)). Inter-granular precipitation is most prevalent in the high Ni; low Cu material (WF). It is significant that this material contains the least intra-granular fine-scale precipitation. This is probably because the Cu precipitation is minimal. Mo and C have an important influence on the amount of Mo2C phase formed, with large amounts being observed in high Mo-C, irradiated material (SH) (0.48 % Mo). These results are discussed in terms of various models for inter-and intra-granular precipitate nucleation and growth.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPressure vessel steels.
=650  \0$aCarbide precipitation.
=650  \0$aCopper precipitation.
=650  \0$aNeutron irradiation.
=650  14$aCopper precipitation.
=650  24$aPressure vessel steels.
=650  24$aCarbide precipitation.
=650  24$aNeutron irradiation.
=700  1\$aLu, Z.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aEllis, D.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWilliams, TJ.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12386.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12387
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12387$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12387$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC176.8.R3
=082  04$a530.4/16$223
=100  1\$aLu, Z.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aRadiation- and Thermally-Induced Phosphorus Inter-Granular Segregation in Pressure Vessel Steels /$cZ. Lu, RG. Faulkner, RB. Jones, PEJ Flewitt.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aA survey of neutron- and thermally-induced phosphorus inter-granular segregation behavior in C-Mn welds, LWR plates, LWR HAZ materials, and VVER steels is described in this paper. The materials were irradiated up to doses of 0.13 dpa (fast neutron energy > 1 MeV), with dose rates ranging from 1.75 × 10−8 dpa/s to 10−12 dpa/s, at temperatures between 190°C and 400°C. Irradiation-induced P inter-granular segregation has been found in LWR and VVER materials at high doses (generally 10–130 mdpa) but is absent in all Magnox C-Mn submerged-arc welds at lower doses (1.5–13 mdpa). The dose sensitivity of the irradiation-induced P monolayer coverage depends on the material examined, being highest for VVER plates and weld, lower for the LWR materials, and zero for the C-Mn welds. There are high initial P segregations (arising from pre-heat-treatment) in C-Mn weld and LWR HAZ materials and low initial P segregation in LWR and VVER steels. Comparisons of the experimental data with model predictions are made. The amount of phosphorus segregation is shown via site competition models to be related to free carbon concentration. The model results show a good agreement with experimental measurements.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aRadiation-Induced Segregation.
=650  \0$aReactor vessel steel.
=650  \0$aPhosphorus.
=650  14$aRadiation-induced segregation.
=650  24$aThermally-induced segregation.
=650  24$aPhosphorus.
=650  24$aReactor vessel steel.
=700  1\$aFaulkner, RG.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aJones, RB.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFlewitt, PEJ,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12387.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12390
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12390$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12390$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA480.Z65
=082  04$a620.1/89352$223
=100  1\$aAbolhassani, S.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aTEM Examinations of the Metal-Oxide Interface of Zirconium Based Alloys Irradiated in a Pressurized Water Reactor /$cS. Abolhassani, R. Restani, T. Rebac, F. Groeschel, W. Hoffelner, G. Bart, W. Goll, F. Aeschbach.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (25 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b32
=520  3\$aMetal-oxide interfaces of three different materials irradiated in a pressurized water reactor have been analyzed by TEM and AEM. Standard Zircaloy-4, low-tin Zircaloy-4, and Zr-2.5%Nb were used for this study. The microstructure of the material on the two sides of the metal-oxide interface, the geometry of the interface, the distribution of different alloying elements, and the oxygen profile have been examined in each material. Results of the examinations showed that the three materials had different microstructure and oxygen distribution on the two sides of the metal-oxide interface. In particular, the following parameters were noticed: a) the geometry of the interface seems to be of a different nature in the case of Zr-2.5%Nb alloy. Unlike the Zircaloy-4 alloys, which show an undulated interface, this material has a “jigsaw” type interface. This point is discussed, and its role on the oxidation is considered. b) Hydrides are observed and analyzed in the vicinity of the interface in the case of low-tin Zircaloy-4, and it is shown that they can have an influence on the occurrence of cracks in this material. c) The origins of stress are discussed, and it is shown that it can have different sources. The crystal structure of the oxides is mainly monoclinic. A tetragonal oxide is observed at some regions, in particular in the standard Zircaloy-4.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aZirconium Alloy.
=650  \0$aMetal-oxide interface.
=650  \0$aEDS mapping.
=650  \0$aOxidation.
=650  \0$aZirconium alloys.
=650  14$aZirconium alloys.
=650  24$aOxidation.
=650  24$aMetal-oxide interface.
=650  24$aTEM observations.
=650  24$aEDS mapping.
=700  1\$aRestani, R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRebac, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGroeschel, F.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHoffelner, W.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBart, G.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGoll, W.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAeschbach, F.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12390.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12398
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12398$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12398$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP786
=082  04$a620.1/4$223
=100  1\$aKimura, A.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAssessment of Neutron Irradiation-Induced Grain Boundary Embrittlement by Phosphorous Segregation in a Reactor Pressure Vessel Steel /$cA. Kimura, M. Shibata, R. Kasada, K. Fujii, K. Fukuya, H. Nakata.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b14
=520  3\$aThe materials used were two sorts of reactor pressure vessel steels (RPVSs), which contain different amounts of impurity phosphorous (P) and copper (Cu). The specimens for Charpy V-notch impact tests and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) were irradiated in the Japan Materials Test Reactor (JMTR) at 290°C up to fluences of 6 × 1021 and 1 × 1024 n/m2 using a multi-division temperature control capsule which enables removal of a part of the sub-capsules during operation of the reactor.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aGrain boundary fracture ratio.
=650  \0$aPhosphorous segregation.
=650  14$aGrain boundary fracture ratio.
=650  24$aDBTT shift.
=650  24$aPhosphorous segregation.
=650  24$aNon-hardening embrittlement.
=700  1\$aShibata, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKasada, R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFujii, K.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFukuya, K.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNakata, H.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12398.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12399
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12399$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12399$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK9185.A1
=082  04$a621.4833$223
=100  1\$aKasada, R.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffects of Neutron Dose, Dose Rate, and Irradiation Temperature on the Irradiation Embrittlement of a Low-Copper Reactor Pressure Vessel Steel /$cR. Kasada, T. Kudo, A. Kimura, H. Matsui, M. Narui.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b23
=520  3\$aA series of irradiation experiments to investigate the effects of neutron fluence and flux on reactor pressure vessel (RPV) steels has been performed using the Japan Material Testing Reactor (JMTR). The irradiation temperature has been precisely controlled at 290°C within an error of ±2°C during reactor operation. The neutron fluence and flux ranged from 9.3 × 1017 to 1.1 × 1020 n/cm2 and from 1.4 × 1011 to 6.3 × 1013 n/cm2/s, respectively. The material used in the present study was an A533B RPV steel in which the copper and phosphorous concentrations are 0.03 and 0.002 wt%, respectively. Charpy impact test results with one-third sized specimens showed no dose-rate dependence. Microstructural observation revealed that a higher irradiation temperature at around 340°C resulted in formation of rather large dislocation loops and smaller microvoids.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aReactor pressure vessel.
=650  \0$aNeutron spectra measurement.
=650  \0$aPhoton spectra measurement.
=650  \0$aIrradiation hardening.
=650  \0$aDose rate effects.
=650  \0$aCharpy impact test.
=650  14$aReactor pressure vessel steel.
=650  24$aIrradiation embrittlement.
=650  24$aIrradiation hardening.
=650  24$aCharpy impact test.
=650  24$aDose rate effects.
=700  1\$aKudo, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKimura, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMatsui, H.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNarui, M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12399.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
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=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
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=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12400$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12400$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA479.S7
=082  04$a620.1/7$223
=100  1\$aCole, JI.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aLow Strain-Rate Microstructural Deformation Behavior in 316 Stainless Steel Irradiated in EBR-II /$cJI. Cole, TR. Allen, H. Tsai, T. Yoshitake, I. Yamagata, N. Akasaka, Y. Nakamura.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b20
=520  3\$aIn order to better understand the influence of the radiation-induced defect microstructures on changes in stainless steel deformation behavior, the microstructures of irradiated 12 % cold-worked 316 stainless steel were examined following slow-strain-rate tensile testing. Tensile samples were fabricated from two hexagonal ducts that were irradiated in the outer rows of the Experimental Breeder Reactor. The samples were irradiated at temperatures ranging from approximately 383 to 443°C and doses up to approximately 41 displacements per atom. The tensile tests were conducted at a strain rate of 1 × 10−7 s−1 and test temperature of ∼430°C. Transmission electron microscopy was employed to quantify the defect microstructures of three pairs of samples, each pair having been exposed to similar irradiation conditions. One sample of each pair was taken from the gauge section of a tested tensile sample, and the other was untested. The influence of the defect microstructure on the deformation and fracture behavior is evaluated and results are discussed in light of current theories of deformation behavior in irradiated metals.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aStainless steel.
=650  \0$aMicrostructure.
=650  \0$aRadiation damage.
=650  \0$aDeformation.
=650  14$aAustenitic stainless steels.
=650  24$aRadiation damage.
=650  24$aMicrostructure.
=650  24$aDeformation.
=700  1\$aAllen, TR.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTsai, H.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aYoshitake, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aYamagata, I.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAkasaka, N.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNakamura, Y.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12400.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12402
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12402$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12402$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP786
=082  04$a620.1/4$223
=100  1\$aHackett, MJ.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aModeling the Effects of Oversize Solute Additions on Radiation-Induced Segregation in Austenitic Stainless Steels /$cMJ. Hackett, GS. Was, EP. Simonen.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b32
=520  3\$aOversize solute additions to stainless steels hold promise for reducing radiation-induced segregation (RIS), possibly delaying the onset and severity of irradiation-assisted stress-corrosion cracking (IASCC). The Modified Inverse Kirkendall (MIK) model for RIS in austenitic stainless steels was adapted to include the effects of defect trapping, which is expected to be caused by oversized solutes, on RIS. The model accounts for the sensitivity of RIS to both dose rate and temperature. Model results show that the primary contribution to the reduction in RIS occurs through vacancy trapping and recombination with migrating interstitials, requiring strong solute binding energies on the order of 1.0 eV. The maximum reduction in RIS due to defect trapping increases with dose rate and temperature. The general trends of the model are consistent with experimental data from proton and neutron irradiations.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aOversize solute addition.
=650  \0$aModeling.
=650  \0$aInterstitial.
=650  \0$aChromium.
=650  \0$aSegregation.
=650  \0$aGrain boundary.
=650  \0$aVacancy.
=650  14$aModeling.
=650  24$aSegregation.
=650  24$aOversize solute addition.
=650  24$aGrain boundary.
=650  24$aAustenitic stainless steel.
=650  24$aChromium.
=650  24$aVacancy.
=650  24$aInterstitial.
=700  1\$aWas, GS.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSimonen, EP.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12402.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12404
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12404$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12404$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK7871.85
=082  04$a621.381$223
=100  1\$aBossis, P.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aComparison of the High Burn-Up Corrosion on M5 and Low Tin Zircaloy-4 /$cP. Bossis, D. Pêcheur, K. Hanifi, J. Thomazet, M. Blat.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (32 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b63
=520  3\$aThe corrosion and hydriding behavior of M5 and low tin Zircaloy-4 in PWR have been compared at high burn-ups (>70 GWd/t). Whereas low tin Zircaloy-4 reached about 90 μm in oxide thickness and is subjected to significant precipitation of hydride rims at the metal/oxide interface, the oxide layer on M5 remains below 20 μm, and a hydrogen content remains below 100 ppm. Owing to the modification of the oxide structure and hydrogen localization observed, it is proposed that, concerning the high burn-up corrosion acceleration of Zircaloy-4, the tin content is the parameter governing the onset of the high burn-up corrosion acceleration, which is further accelerated by hydride precipitation at the metal/oxide interface and dissolution of precipitates. On M5, since no significant evolution of the oxide structure was observed, and none of the parameters identified as contributors to acceleration are present, no acceleration of corrosion kinetics is expected at higher burn-ups.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aOxide$xMicrostructure.
=650  \0$aOxide microstructure.
=650  \0$aAcceleration.
=650  \0$aCorrosion.
=650  \0$aHigh burn-up.
=650  \0$aHydrides.
=650  \0$aPrecipitates.
=650  14$aCorrosion.
=650  24$aHigh burn-up.
=650  24$aAcceleration.
=650  24$aOxide microstructure.
=650  24$aHydrides.
=650  24$aPrecipitates.
=650  24$aTin.
=650  24$aM5.
=650  24$aZircaloy-4.
=700  1\$aPêcheur, D.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHanifi, K.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aThomazet, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBlat, M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12404.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12410
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12410$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12410$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aBF318
=082  04$a153.1/5/015113$223
=100  1\$aVoskoboinikov, RE.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAtomic-Scale Simulation of Defect Cluster Formation in High-Energy Displacement Cascades in Zirconium /$cRE. Voskoboinikov, YN. Osetsky, DJ. Bacon.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aA systematic study of damage in high-energy cascades in Zr with primary knock-on-atom (PKA) energy up to 25 keV has been carried out by molecular dynamics (MD) over a temperature range from 100–600 K. The high number of simulations for each condition of temperature and energy has revealed the wide variety of defect clusters that can be created in cascades. Mobile or sessile, two-dimensional (2D) or three-dimensional (3D) clusters of both vacancy and interstitial type can be formed. The population statistics of clusters of each type and the fraction of vacancies and self-interstitial atoms (SIA) in clusters, were obtained, and their dependence on the temperature and PKA energy were investigated. Both vacancy and SIA clusters can be mobile. However, depending on their type, self-interstitial clusters exhibit one-dimensional, planar, or three-dimensional motions, whereas vacancy clusters of only one type can glide in one dimension only. We have also performed separate MD simulations of some SIA and vacancy clusters to study their thermal stability and possible transformations.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aDisplacement cascade.
=650  \0$aRadiation damage.
=650  \0$aComputer simulation.
=650  \0$aDislocation loop.
=650  \0$aPoint defect cluster.
=650  14$aComputer simulation.
=650  24$aDisplacement cascade.
=650  24$aRadiation damage.
=650  24$aPoint defect cluster.
=650  24$aDislocation loop.
=700  1\$aOsetsky, YN.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBacon, DJ.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12410.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12411
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12411$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12411$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK9207
=082  04$a621.48/335/0287$223
=100  1\$aArborelius, J.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Effect of Duplex Cladding Outer Component Tin Content on Corrosion, Hydrogen Pick-up, and Hydride Distribution at Very High Burnup /$cJ. Arborelius, M. Dahlbäck, L. Hallstadius, P. Jourdain, T. Andersson, R. Lisdat, M. Hahn, EH. Toscano.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (20 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b17
=520  3\$aThe performance of two types of Duplex claddings irradiated to very high burnup in a German high duty pressurized water reactor (PWR) has been studied. Four fuel rods with Duplex cladding were moved from two discharged assemblies to a low-burnt assembly for further irradiation. These rods were finally unloaded after reaching a rod average burnup close to 70 MWd/kgU. The performance of these rods has been examined through pool-side inspection. Two of these rods have been studied further in a hot-cell post irradiation examination (PIE). The results of destructive and nondestructive examinations consistently show good corrosion resistance and low hydrogen pick-up for both Duplex variants. The hot-cell measurements reveal peak values of the oxide thickness of around 30 μm for both types of Duplex. Consequently, the claddings show low levels of absorbed hydrogen in the order of 300 ppm, as is indicated by metallographic cross-sections and the low axial growth of the rods. During the development of Duplex claddings, it was observed that the Sn content in the two components should not differ by more than about 0.7 wt%. A limited difference in Sn concentration implies that the two components have similar recrystallization temperatures. More important, hydriding studies of unirradiated Duplex claddings have shown that, by limiting the difference in Sn content, the amount of hydrides in the boundary zone between the inner component and the Duplex layer is reduced. There is a significant difference in the Sn concentration in the outer component of the two studied Duplex types. The effect of difference in Sn concentration on hydride distribution observed from studies of unirradiated claddings has, however, not been confirmed by the hot-cell studies presented here.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPost-irradiation examination.
=650  \0$aComposite.
=650  \0$aDuplex cladding.
=650  \0$aManufacturing.
=650  \0$aCorrosion.
=650  \0$aHydride distribution.
=650  14$aDuplex cladding.
=650  24$aComposite.
=650  24$aCorrosion.
=650  24$aHydride distribution.
=650  24$aPost irradiation examination.
=650  24$aManufacturing.
=700  1\$aDahlbäck, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHallstadius, L.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aJourdain, P.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAndersson, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLisdat, R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHahn, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aToscano, EH.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12411.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12419
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12419$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12419$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC176.8.R3
=082  04$a530.41$223
=100  1\$aVoskoboinikov, RE.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCorrelated Formation and Stability of SIA Loops and Stacking Fault Tetrahedra in High Energy Displacement Cascades in Copper /$cRE. Voskoboinikov, YN. Osetsky, DJ. Bacon.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aAtomistic modeling was conducted for an investigation of primary damage creation, self-interstitial and vacancy clusters formation, and their stability in high energy displacement cascades in copper. The simulations were carried out for a wide range of temperatures (100 K ≤ T ≤ 900 K) and primary knock-on atom (PKA) energies 5 keV ≤ Epka ≤ 25 keV. This study of over 400 cascades is the largest yet reported for this metal. At least 20 cascades for each (Epka, T) pair were simulated in order to ensure statistical reliability of the results. The number of surviving point defects for each cascade and the mean value for cascades at the same temperature and PKA energy were found. The corresponding fraction of self-interstitial atoms (SIA) in dislocation loops and vacancies in stacking fault tetrahedron (SFT)-like clusters was calculated. Strong spatial and size correlation of SFTs and SIA clusters at low temperatures were established.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aDisplacement cascade.
=650  \0$aRadiation damage.
=650  \0$aComputer simulation.
=650  \0$aHigh dose irradiation.
=650  \0$aDisclocation loop.
=650  14$aComputer simulation.
=650  24$aDisplacement cascade.
=650  24$aRadiation damage.
=650  24$aStacking fault tetrahedron.
=650  24$aDisclocation loop.
=650  24$aHigh dose irradiation.
=700  1\$aOsetsky, YN.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBacon, DJ.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12419.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12421
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12421$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12421$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTD195.C42
=082  04$a666/.028/6$223
=100  1\$aFrank, SM.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPlutonium-238 Alpha-Decay Damage Study of A Glass-Bonded Sodalite Ceramic Waste Form /$cSM. Frank, T. DiSanto, MK. Goff, SG. Johnson, J-F Jue, TL. Barber, M. Noy, TP. O'Holleran, JJ. Giglio.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aAn accelerated alpha-decay damage study of a glass-bonded sodalite ceramic waste form has been completed recently. The study was designed to investigate the physical and chemical durability of the waste form after exposure to 238Pu alpha decay. The alpha-decay dose at the end of the four year study was approximately 1.0 × 1018 decays/gram of material. The ceramic waste form (CWF) was developed to immobilize fission products accumulated during the treatment of spent nuclear fuel from the Experimental Breeder Reactor II performed at Argonne National Laboratory-West in Idaho. Small quantities of actinide elements are also found in the waste form. The CWF is currently undergoing qualification testing and characterization for acceptance by the Office of Civilian Radioactive Waste Management for geologic disposal. Methods used to monitor the 238Pu-loaded CWF material in this study included: immersion density determination to measure possible macroscopic swelling, chemical durability by leach testing, microstructural analysis by scanning and transmission electron microscopy, and phase composition and stability by powder X-ray and electron diffraction.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCeramic industries.
=650  \0$aWaste disposal.
=650  \0$aCeramic waste form.
=650  14$aAlpha-radiation damage.
=650  24$aCeramic waste form.
=700  1\$aDiSanto, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGoff, MK.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aJohnson, SG.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aJue, J-F,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBarber, TL.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNoy, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aO'Holleran, TP.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGiglio, JJ.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12421.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12422
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12422$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12422$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA480.Z65
=082  04$a620.189$223
=100  1\$aElmoselhi, MB.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aInhibitors for Reducing Hydrogen Ingress During Corrosion of Zirconium Alloys /$cMB. Elmoselhi, A. Donner.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (19 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aZirconium alloys, used in manufacturing nuclear core components, particularly fuel cladding (in most reactor types) and pressure tubes in CANDU® (Canada Deuterium Uranium) reactors, are usually subject to aqueous corrosion and hydrogen uptake during service. The build up of hydrogen concentration during operation can be a life-limiting factor for these components. In order to slow down the rate of hydrogen uptake and to prolong the operating life of these critical reactor components, a remedial action was targeted. A comprehensive experimental program has been carried out to identify potential inhibiting agents to be introduced into the environment of the corrosion process. The inhibiting agents were expected to intervene in the corrosion reactions to reduce the hydrogen uptake rate. Screening experiments were conducted in short-term exposures (up to 30 days) of coupons from several zirconium alloys, such as Zircaloy-2,Zircaloy-4 and Zr-2.5 weight % Nb, in high temperature (340°C) aqueous out-reactor environments simulating the CANDU heat transport coolant with various chemical compound additives. Several additives of nitrogen-containing compounds appeared to reduce hydrogen ingress significantly; up to 90% reduction was observed. The beneficial effect of the presence of nitrogen on hydrogen uptake in these exposures might be related to its role in the production of ammonia from hydrogen liberated by the zirconium corrosion reactions. The ammonia generation mechanism has been proposed in the Ceramics literature as a means of increasing the yield of cubic zirconia during the hydrothermal oxidation of Zr in the presence of calcium nitrate. The formation of ammonia is associated with a significant reduction in the hydrogen available for pickup by the alloy. This hypothesis was confirmed in our experiments by the detection of ammonia in the post-exposure solutions. For all tested solutions with nitrogen-containing additives, ammonia was detected in the post-exposure solutions, while no ammonia was found in the post-exposure control solution or other solutions with non-nitrogen additives such as boric acid. Results from post-exposure analyses, oxide characterization, and a preliminary investigation into radiolysis implications are presented.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aZirconium alloys$xCorrosion.
=650  \0$aHydriding Zirconium Alloys.
=650  14$aHydriding Zirconium Alloys.
=650  24$aCorrosion of Zirconium alloys.
=650  24$aInhibitors for Hydrogen Ingress.
=700  1\$aDonner, A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12422.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12423
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12423$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12423$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD181.Z6
=082  04$a546/.6612$223
=100  1\$aYagnik, SK.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDuctility of Zircaloy-4 Fuel Cladding and Guide Tubes at High Fluences /$cSK. Yagnik, A. Hermann, R-C Kuo.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (26 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b15
=520  3\$aZircaloy fuel cladding suffers progressive degradation of ductility as its neutron exposure and hydrogen uptake increase with burnup. The loss of ductility appears to be the key property governing the cladding integrity in service. We report ductility data of Zircaloy-4 fabricated in stress-relief annealed (SRA) and recrystallized (RXA) conditions, covering a range of fluence, hydrogen content, and irradiation and test temperature.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aZircaloy-4.
=650  \0$aFluence.
=650  \0$aHydriding.
=650  \0$aStress-strain.
=650  \0$aMechanical tests.
=650  \0$aDuctility.
=650  14$aMechanical tests.
=650  24$aHydriding.
=650  24$aFluence.
=650  24$aStress-strain.
=650  24$aDuctility.
=650  24$aZircaloy-4.
=700  1\$aHermann, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKuo, R-C,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12423.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12424
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12424$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12424$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA460
=082  04$a620.1/6/28$223
=100  1\$aOnimus, F.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPlastic Deformation of Irradiated Zirconium Alloys :$bTEM Investigations and Micro-Mechanical Modeling /$cF. Onimus, J-L Béchade, C. Prioul, P. Pilvin, I. Monnet, S. Doriot, B. Verhaeghe, D. Gilbon, L. Robert, L. Legras, J-P Mardon.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (24 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b40
=520  3\$aTEM investigations have been performed on irradiated samples after deformation covering various testing conditions for different recrystallized Zr alloys. It is shown that for transverse tensile tests and internal pressure tests performed at 350°C, only basal channels are observed for strain levels up to uniform elongation, whereas only prismatic and pyramidal channels are observed for axial tensile test. Then, focusing on internal pressure testing, irradiation hardening and strain hardening behavior have been analyzed in detail and compared to TEM observations. It is proposed that dislocation channeling phenomenon leads to high strain incompatibility between channels and surrounding grains and therefore to high microscopic internal stresses. These high microscopic internal stresses are believed to induce strong kinematic hardening at the macroscopic scale, as suggested by the mechanical behavior analysis. Finally, a micro-mechanical model based on microscopic deformation mechanisms and using homogenization techniques is proposed, taking into account the observed channeling phenomenon.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aLattice expansion.
=650  \0$aIrradiation.
=650  \0$aInternal stress.
=650  \0$aZirconium alloy.
=650  14$aDislocation channeling.
=650  24$aIrradiation.
=650  24$aLoop.
=650  24$aInternal stress.
=650  24$aZirconium alloy.
=700  1\$aBéchade, J-L,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPrioul, C.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPilvin, P.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMonnet, I.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDoriot, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aVerhaeghe, B.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGilbon, D.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRobert, L.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLegras, L.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMardon, J-P,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12424.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12425
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12425$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12425$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD181.Z6
=082  04$a546/.6612$223
=100  1\$aTsai, H.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aThermal Creep of Irradiated Zircaloy Cladding /$cH. Tsai, MC. Billone.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aAs part of an effort to investigate spent-fuel behavior during dry-cask storage, thermal creep tests are being performed with defueled Zircaloy-4 cladding segments from two pressurized water reactors — Surry at ≈36 GWd/MTU burnup and H. B. Robinson at ≈67 GWd/MTU burnup, with corresponding fast (E > 1 MeV) fluence levels of 7×1025 and 14×1025 n/m2. The Surry rods are particularly relevant because they were stored in an inert-atmosphere (He) cask for 15 years. The Robinson rods were received after reactor discharge and pool storage. Commensurate with their high burnup, the Robinson cladding has significant waterside corrosion and hydrogen uptake. Test results to-date indicate good creep ductility for both claddings in the 360–400°C and 160–250 MPa (hoop-stress) regime. Partial recovery of radiation hardening may have occurred during the long tests at 400°C, which led to improved creep ductility. Creep-rate sensitivity is significant for stress and even more so for temperature. The higher hydrogen content in the Robinson material appears to have no detrimental effect on creep behavior at the test temperature. One Robinson sample, which ruptured in the weld region at 205°C during cooling from 400°C under stress (190 MPa), precipitated all visible hydrides in the radial direction.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aZircaloy-4.
=650  \0$aTemperature.
=650  \0$aAnnealing.
=650  \0$aThermal creep.
=650  \0$aHydrides.
=650  \0$aStress.
=650  14$aZircaloy-4 cladding.
=650  24$aThermal creep.
=650  24$aStress.
=650  24$aTemperature.
=650  24$aHydrides.
=650  24$aAnnealing.
=650  24$aStress and temperature sensitivity.
=700  1\$aBillone, MC.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12425.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12426
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12426$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12426$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA480.Z65
=082  04$a620.1/89352$223
=100  1\$aRogozyanov, AY.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aUse of the Irradiation-Thermal Creep Model of Zr-1% Nb Alloy Cladding Tubes to Describe Dimensional Changes of VVER Fuel Rods /$cAY. Rogozyanov, AV. Smirnov, BA. Kanashov, VS. Polenok, AA. Nuzhdov.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aThe objective of this work was firstly to categorize the data on dimensional change of the VVER fuel rods and to identify the primary variables influencing performance, and secondly to benchmark the irradiation-thermal creep model for Zr-1 % Nb alloy cladding tubes against the VVER fuel rod dimensional changes data. The creep model was developed using the results of in-pile and out-of-pile tests of tube specimens.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aDimensional change.
=650  \0$aFuel rod cladding.
=650  \0$aIrradiation growth.
=650  \0$aCreep model.
=650  \0$aVVER fuel rods.
=650  \0$aZirconium alloy.
=650  14$aVVER fuel rods.
=650  24$aFuel rod cladding.
=650  24$aDimensional change.
=650  24$aZirconium alloy.
=650  24$aIrradiation-thermal creep.
=650  24$aCreep model.
=650  24$aIrradiation growth.
=700  1\$aSmirnov, AV.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKanashov, BA.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPolenok, VS.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNuzhdov, AA.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12426.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12430
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12430$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12430$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK9185.A1
=082  04$a621.4833$223
=100  1\$aGunawardane, Heshan P.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMechanical Property Changes in Reactor Vessel Materials Thermally Aged for 209 000 H at 260°C /$cHeshan P. Gunawardane, J. Brian Hall, Stan T. Rosinski.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b5
=520  3\$aSurveillance materials consisting of a SA-508 Class 2 forging, a Mn–Mo–Ni Linde 80 submerged-arc weld, and an SA-533, Grade B, Class 1, correlation monitor material were thermally aged on a commercial reactor pressure vessel. The materials were exposed to a thermal environment of 260°C for 209000h. This temperature is below the range (minimum of 370°C) where the effects of long-term thermal aging are typically considered relevant. Charpy impact, master curve transition temperature, upper-shelf fracture toughness, and tensile testing were conducted to evaluate the long-term thermal aging changes in material properties. Small changes in the impact properties were observed for all the materials, but were generally within the 95 % confidence bounds for typical Charpy data. Upper-shelf energy also showed small variations, but a general decrease for all materials was not seen. Fracture toughness testing at the upper shelf indicated that the upper-shelf toughness had increased, however the data is scattered. Master curve T0 testing in the transition region showed little change in the forging and plate results; however an improvement in the transition temperature of the weld metal was measured.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aReactor pressure vessel.
=650  \0$aTensile.
=650  \0$aThermal aging.
=650  \0$aFracture toughness.
=650  \0$aCharpy.
=650  14$aThermal aging.
=650  24$aReactor vessel materials.
=650  24$aCharpy.
=650  24$aFracture toughness.
=650  24$aTransition temperature.
=650  24$aTensile.
=700  1\$aHall, J. Brian,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRosinski, Stan T.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12430.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12431
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12431$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12431$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP811.5
=082  04$a620.1/404299$223
=100  1\$aShishov, VN.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aInfluence of Structure—Phase State of Nb Containing Zr Alloys on Irradiation-Induced Growth /$cVN. Shishov, MM. Peregud, AV. Nikulina, YV. Pimenov, GP. Kobylyansky, AE. Novoselov, ZE. Ostrovsky, AV. Obukhov.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (18 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b14
=520  3\$aOn account of the search for the optimal composition and structure-phase state of Zr alloys much attention is paid to upgrade the E110 (Zr-1 %Nb) and E635 (Zr-1 %Nb-0.35 %Fe-1.2 %Sn) alloys that have proved well in terms of irradiation-induced creep and growth, high strength characteristics, and corrosion. The difference between the alloy properties is determined by their states related to their compositions. The structure-phase state of the Zr-Nb and Zr-Nb-Fe-Sn systems has been studied after heat treatment in the α-- and α + β- regions and its influence on the irradiation-induced growth (IIG) during BOR-60 irradiation at T =315–350 °C was investigated. A substantial difference has been shown in the deformation effected by IIG of those alloys, it is less for Zr-Nb-Fe-Sn alloys in dissimilar structure-phase states. The incubation period of the accelerated growth stage is determined by the α-matrix composition, the phase state and the initial dislocation structure. Neutron irradiation leads to a redistribution of alloying elements between the matrix and the precipitates, and to changes in the α-solid solution composition. These changes affect accumulation and mobility of irradiation defects, anisotropy and formation of vacancy c-component dislocation loops. The appearance of c-loops usually correlates with an axial direction acceleration of the IIG of tubes conforming to their texture. The basic regularities of the phase transformation have been established: a) β-Nb precipitates in Zr-Nb alloys are altered in composition to reduce the Nb content from 85–90 % to ∼ 50 %, fine precipitates likely enriched in Nb are formed; b) β-Zr precipitates are subject to irradiation-stimulated decomposition; c) Laves phase precipitates change composition (the content of Fe decreases) and crystal structure, HCP to BCC (β-Nb); d) (Zr,Nb)2Fe precipitates having the FCC lattice retain their composition and crystal structure; e) no amorphization of any secondary phase precipitates is observable under the given conditions of irradiation (T = 315–350 °C). Based on the dpa, the results were compared pertaining to Zr-alloy IIG deformation vs. fluence in various reactors at different energies of fast neutrons. The presented graphs enable comparison between the results of numerous experiments and enable predictions of Zr-material behavior in long-term operation and at high burn-up in commercial reactors.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMicrostructure.
=650  \0$aGrowth.
=650  \0$aDislocation.
=650  \0$aExamination.
=650  \0$aIrradiation.
=650  \0$aElectron microscopy.
=650  14$aIrradiation.
=650  24$aZr-Nb alloys.
=650  24$aMicrostructure.
=650  24$aPhase.
=650  24$aDislocation.
=650  24$aElectron microscopy.
=650  24$aGrowth.
=650  24$aExamination.
=700  1\$aPeregud, MM.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNikulina, AV.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPimenov, YV.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKobylyansky, GP.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNovoselov, AE.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aOstrovsky, ZE.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aObukhov, AV.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12431.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12432
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12432$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12432$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC173.458.C78
=082  04$a660/.284298$223
=100  1\$aGriffiths, M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDamage Dependence of Irradiation Deformation of Zr-2.5Nb Pressure Tubes /$cM. Griffiths, N. Christodoulou, SA. Donohue.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (21 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aThe diametral expansion and elongation rates of Zr-2.5Nb pressure tubes in CANDU™ (CANada Deuterium Uranium) nuclear reactors are important properties that limit their useful life and the maximum power level for reactor operation.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aRadiation damage.
=650  \0$aInterstitial.
=650  \0$aThermal.
=650  \0$aZirconium.
=650  \0$aDeformation.
=650  \0$aIrradiation.
=650  \0$aStrain.
=650  \0$aDislocation loops.
=650  \0$aPoint defects.
=650  \0$aFast neutron flux.
=650  \0$aVacancy.
=650  14$aZirconium.
=650  24$aIrradiation.
=650  24$aThermal.
=650  24$aCreep.
=650  24$aDeformation.
=650  24$aStrain.
=650  24$aFast neutron flux.
=650  24$aRadiation damage.
=650  24$aPoint defects.
=650  24$aVacancy.
=650  24$aInterstitial.
=650  24$aDislocation loops.
=650  24$aClimb.
=700  1\$aChristodoulou, N.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDonohue, SA.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12432.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12434
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12434$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12434$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA450;
=082  04$a620.1/4046$223
=100  1\$aGrigoriev, V.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDelayed Hydrogen Cracking Velocity and J-Integral Measurements on Irradiated BWR Cladding /$cV. Grigoriev, R. Jakobsson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b21
=520  3\$aPropagation of an axial crack has been characterized by means of the Pin-Loading Tension (PLT) test. The same experimental arrangement is used for the Delayed Hydrogen Cracking (DHC) and for the J-integral measurements. The DHC tests are performed under variable temperature and/or load conditions simulating a variable PCMI. Tests have been performed in air on unirradiated SRA Zircaloy-4 tubing and irradiated BWR Zircaloy-2 cladding containing from 30–350 ppm of hydrogen. Variable loading facilitates DHC: in the experiment at 300°C a crack velocity as high as 9.3·10−7 m/s (80 mm/day) has been observed for irradiated cladding. V-K curves or diagrams of DHC crack velocity, V, as a function of stress-intensity factor, K, are suggested for different BWR claddings. Despite a limited amount of tests, the V-K curves appear to depend on the type of cladding. DHC does occur at much lower stress intensities compared to the Kc converted from the J0.2 values, confirming DHC to be the dominating secondary failure crack propagation mechanism in BWR cladding.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aJ-integral.
=650  \0$aAxial splits.
=650  \0$aFracture toughness.
=650  \0$aCrack velocity.
=650  \0$aFractography.
=650  14$aIrradiated BWR cladding.
=650  24$aAxial splits.
=650  24$aDelayed hydrogen cracking.
=650  24$aCrack velocity.
=650  24$aFracture toughness.
=650  24$aJ-integral.
=650  24$aExperimental measurements.
=650  24$aFractography.
=700  1\$aJakobsson, R.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12434.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
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=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12435$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12435$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA480.Z65
=082  04$a620.1/89352$223
=100  1\$aShek, GK.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aOverload Fracture of Flaw Tip Hydrides in Zr-2.5Nb Pressure Tubes /$cGK. Shek, J. Cui, V. Perovic.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (29 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b20
=520  3\$aCANDU Zr-2.5Nb pressure tubes are susceptible to a crack initiation mechanism known as Delayed Hydride Cracking (DHC), which is a process that involves hydrogen diffusion, hydride precipitation, hydride region formation, and fracture at a flaw tip. An overload occurs when the hydrided region is loaded to a stress higher than that at which this region is formed. Service-induced flaws are present in some pressure tubes, which can act as crack initiation sites. Most experimental data to assess DHC initiation are obtained under constant loading conditions in which hydride formation and fracture occur at the same load, and therefore they are not suitable to assess crack initiation under overload condition. A series of step-wise increasing load experiments was performed on unirradiated Zr-2.5Nb pressure tube samples to determine the fracture stress of hydrides formed at notches with 15 μm root radius under different hydride formation stresses and thermal histories. Crack initiation in the overload tests was detected by the acoustic emission technique. The notch tip hydride morphologies were examined by optical and scanning electron microscopy. Test results indicated that the resistance to overload fracture was dependent on the hydride formation stress and thermal histories, which affected the notch tip hydride size, density, and distribution. Overload tests were performed at different temperatures, and a transition temperature to high resistance to overload fracture was observed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aDelayed Hydride Cracking.
=650  \0$aHydride fracture.
=650  \0$aOverload fracture.
=650  \0$aZirconium hydride.
=650  \0$aCrack initiation.
=650  \0$aHydride orientation.
=650  14$aZr-2.5Nb pressure tube.
=650  24$aDelayed hydride cracking (DHC)
=650  24$aHydride fracture.
=650  24$aHydride orientation.
=650  24$aCrack initiation.
=650  24$aOverload fracture.
=650  24$aZirconium hydride.
=700  1\$aCui, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPerovic, V.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12435.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12436
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12436$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12436$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP270
=082  04$a662.2$223
=100  1\$aPan, ZL.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffect of Irradiation on the Fracture Properties of Zr-2.5Nb Pressure Tubes at the End of Design Life /$cZL. Pan, S. St Lawrence, PH. Davies, M. Griffiths, S. Sagat.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (22 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b22
=520  3\$aTo determine the fracture properties of Zr-2.5Nb pressure tubes irradiated until the end of design life, cantilever beam, curved compact toughness, and transverse tensile samples were prepared from a typical pressure tube and irradiated in the high flux reactor OSIRIS at CEA, Saclay, France. Experiments were conducted on two batches of samples mounted in two irradiation inserts. Each insert held sixteen samples of each type of specimen. The first insert was irradiated to a fluence corresponding to approximately half of the design life in a CANDU3 reactor. The experimental results were reported in [1]. Samples in the second insert were irradiated for 10.5 years in OSIRIS and received a maximum neutron fluence of 2.61 × 1026 n/m2 (E > 1 MeV), being equivalent to 2.98 × 1026 n/m2 (E > 1 MeV) in a CANDU reactor, i.e., corresponding to ∼30 years operation in CANDU reactors at 80 % capacity factor. The present report describes the results of tensile, fracture toughness, and Delayed Hydride Cracking (DHC) tests and XRD microstructure analysis from the second batch of specimens. A continuous and gradual evolution in tensile, fracture, DHC properties, and dislocation densities is demonstrated without any evidence of a sudden change following the initial transitient at very low fluence. In the whole high fluence range, there is a very slow rate of increase in c-component dislocation density, strength, and DHC velocity and a slow reduction in elongation and Nb concentration in the β-phase. The a-type dislocation density and fracture toughness remain approximately constant. The results from the second insert of specimens confirm that, following the initial transient at very low fluence, there is little further change in the fracture properties of Zr-2.5Nb pressure tube material. Therefore, material properties behave in a stable and predicable manner to the end of a 30 years design life for CANDU reactor pressure tubes.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aProficiency-testing.
=650  \0$aPressure tube.
=650  \0$aTensile strength.
=650  \0$aElongation.
=650  \0$aX-ray diffraction.
=650  \0$aFracture toughness.
=650  \0$aDislocation density.
=650  14$aZr-2.5Nb alloy.
=650  24$aPressure tube.
=650  24$aNeutron radiation damage.
=650  24$aTensile strength.
=650  24$aElongation.
=650  24$aFracture toughness.
=650  24$aDelayed hydride cracking.
=650  24$aMicrostructure evolution.
=650  24$aX-ray diffraction.
=650  24$aDislocation density.
=700  1\$aSt Lawrence, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDavies, PH.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGriffiths, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSagat, S.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12436.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12437
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12437$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12437$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD606
=082  04$a545.82$223
=100  1\$aColeman, CE.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffect of Fabrication Variables on Irradiation Response of Crack Growth Resistance of Zr-2.5Nb /$cCE. Coleman, JR. Theaker, KV. Kidd.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (19 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b23
=520  3\$aSpecimens of pressure tubes made from Zr-2.5Nb by various fabrication routes were irradiated in research reactors to evaluate the response of their fracture toughness (represented by crack growth resistance, dJ/da) at 250°C to irradiation by fast neutrons (E > 1 MeV). The reference route consists of melting Kroll sponge and some recycled material, primary hot-working, extrusion at 815°C, and cold-working 27 %. Tubes made from ingots that were melted four times (quadruple melting) are initially tougher than tubes made from ingots that have been melted twice (double melting), and after irradiation the former retain close to 50 % of their original crack growth resistance while the latter retain less than 30 % of theirs. The high toughness and its retention in the quadruple melted material are attributed to low concentrations of chlorine. Tubes made from electrolytic powder contain fluorine rather than chlorine. Fluorine is less damaging than chlorine. Crack growth resistance and its retention with irradiation of tubes made from electrolytic powder are intermediate between those of tubes made from quadruple and double melted sponge. Lowering the amount of cold-work is beneficial, and the toughness of tubes made with less than 27 % cold-work correlates well with strength, both before and after irradiation. Lowering the extrusion temperature produces strong, tough tubes, but these tubes lose much of their crack growth resistance with irradiation. This loss in toughness is not associated with material chemistry but with a high sensitivity to strength.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSilicon carbide.
=650  \0$aExtrusion temperature.
=650  \0$aMelting practice.
=650  \0$aPressure tube.
=650  \0$aSponge.
=650  \0$aTensile strength.
=650  \0$aCold-work.
=650  \0$aNeutron irradiation.
=650  \0$aElectrolytic powder.
=650  \0$aFracture toughness.
=650  14$aZr-2.5Nb alloy.
=650  24$aPressure tube.
=650  24$aMelting practice.
=650  24$aSponge.
=650  24$aElectrolytic powder.
=650  24$aCold-work.
=650  24$aExtrusion temperature.
=650  24$aCrack growth resistance.
=650  24$aFracture toughness.
=650  24$aTensile strength.
=650  24$aNeutron irradiation.
=700  1\$aTheaker, JR.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKidd, KV.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12437.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12438
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12438$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12438$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD181.Z6
=082  04$a546/.6612$223
=100  1\$aKing, SJ.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFretting-Wear Behavior of Zircaloy-4, OPTIN™, and ZIRLO™ Fuel Rods and Grid Supports Under Various Autoclave and Hydraulic Loop Endurance Test Conditions /$cSJ. King, MY. Young, FM. Guérout, NJ. Fisher.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (24 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aHigh fuel duty, eighteen-month and longer cycle lengths, and higher burnups have put increased demands on pressurized water reactor (PWR) fuel during recent years. As a result of these demanding operating conditions, the fretting-wear performance of PWR fuel rods against structural grid supports is being challenged. To understand the in-reactor fretting-wear performance of PWR fuel, Westinghouse Electric Company (W) and Atomic Energy of Canada Limited (AECL) have performed investigations to study the fretting-wear behavior of zirconium alloy nuclear fuel rods and grid supports. Experimental work was carried out at the AECL Chalk River Laboratories (Canada) in autoclave impact fretting-wear test machines and at the W Columbia, South Carolina (USA) plant in the Westinghouse — Vibration Investigation Pressure-Drop Experimental Research (VIPER) hydraulic test loop.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aZircaloy-4.
=650  \0$aGrid-to-rod clearances.
=650  \0$aHydraulic loop fretting-wear endurance tests.
=650  \0$aCorrosion.
=650  \0$aPlastic deformation.
=650  \0$aAbrasive wear.
=650  \0$aAdhesive wear.
=650  \0$aFretting-wear.
=650  \0$aFuel rods.
=650  14$aZIRLO™.
=650  24$aOPTIN™.
=650  24$aZircaloy-4.
=650  24$aFuel rods.
=650  24$aGrids.
=650  24$aGrid-to-rod clearances.
=650  24$aFretting-wear.
=650  24$aPlastic deformation.
=650  24$aAdhesive wear.
=650  24$aAbrasive wear.
=650  24$aImpact fretting-wear tests.
=650  24$aHydraulic loop fretting-wear endurance tests.
=650  24$aCorrosion.
=700  1\$aYoung, MY.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGuérout, FM.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFisher, NJ.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12438.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12441
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12441$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12441$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.32
=082  04$a620.1/126$223
=100  1\$aGlendening, A.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFailure of Hydrided Zircaloy-4 Under Equal-Biaxial and Plane-Strain Tensile Deformation /$cA. Glendening, DA. Koss, AT. Motta, ON. Pierron, RS. Daum.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b28
=520  3\$aThe fracture behavior of unirradiated Zircaloy-4 containing either solid hydride blisters or hydrided rims has been examined for the contrasting conditions of equal-biaxial and plane-strain tensile deformation at three temperatures (25°, 300°, and 375°C). Cold-worked and stress-relieved Zircaloy-4 sheet containing hydride blisters shows nearly identical failure strains in equal-biaxial and plane-strain tensile deformation for a wide range of blister or rim depths. In all cases, failure strains decrease rapidly with increasing hydride blister or rim thickness, especially in the ≤100 µm range. Test temperature has a significant effect on ductility with failure strains at 300° and 375°C being much greater than at room temperature. The results indicate that the ductility of material containing hydride rims/blisters greater than ≈ 30–40 µm deep is limited by crack growth, which occurs in a mode I manner at 25°C but in a mixed mode I/II manner at ≥300°C (and at higher failure strain levels)
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMechanical testing.
=650  \0$aHydride rim.
=650  \0$aBiaxial deformation.
=650  \0$aHydride blisters.
=650  14$aZircaloy-4.
=650  24$aMechanical testing.
=650  24$aHydride rim.
=650  24$aHydride blisters.
=650  24$aBiaxial deformation.
=650  24$aReactivity initiated accident.
=700  1\$aKoss, DA.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMotta, AT.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPierron, ON.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDaum, RS.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12441.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12444
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12444$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12444$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK9207.5
=082  04$a621.48335$223
=100  1\$aDahlbäck, M.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Effect of Liner Component Iron Content on Cladding Corrosion, Hydriding, and PCI Resistance /$cM. Dahlbäck, L. Hallstadius, M. Limbäck, G. Vesterlund, T. Andersson, P. Witt, J. Izquierdo, B. Remartinez, M. Diaz, JL. Sacedon, A-M Alvarez, U. Engman, R. Jakobsson, AR. Massih.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (23 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aThis paper focuses on the effect of liner component Fe content on cladding corrosion, hydriding and Pellet-Cladding Interaction (PCI) resistance. A multitude of experimental techniques is used to evaluate the various properties. The PCI resistance is evaluated through mandrel testing of un-irradiated claddings as well as by ramp tests of pre-irradiated fuel segments in the Studsvik R2 reactor. The results from the mandrel testing indicate that an increase of the iron concentration from 0.05 to 0.21 wt% has a rather small impact on the PCI properties. The ramp data, on the other hand, show a clear decrease in the PCI resistance as the Fe content approaches and exceeds 0.19 wt%. The phenomena involved in secondary degradation are complex, and separate tests are used to evaluate the corrosion resistance in steam as well as the hydriding resistance in pure hydrogen. The corrosion test includes cladding tubes with ZrSn-liner components with iron concentrations from 0.025 to 0.21 wt%. The results show that the corrosion resistance is dramatically increased as the Fe content is increased from 0.025 to 0.05–0.06 wt%, but that a further increase of the Fe concentration only has a minor impact on the corrosion resistance. However, increasing the Fe content from 0.05 to 0.21 wt% increases the hydrogen pick-up rate. The 0.21 wt% Fe liner has a significantly higher density of Secondary Phase Particles (SPPs) as well as slightly larger SPPs than the 0.05 wt% Fe liner. Consequently, it is believed that the SPPs offer sites where hydrogen can easily be absorbed into the Zr-based material, and the frequency of these sites is important for the hydrogen pick-up rate. It is finally concluded that even though the optimization of the Fe concentration in the liner is complex, an iron level regime exists that provides a good balance of resistance against PCI, corrosion, and hydriding.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPellet-clad interaction.
=650  \0$aCladding.
=650  \0$aHydriding.
=650  \0$aCorrosion.
=650  \0$aZircaloy.
=650  14$aZircaloy.
=650  24$aCladding.
=650  24$aLiner.
=650  24$aCorrosion.
=650  24$aHydriding.
=650  24$aPellet-clad interaction.
=650  24$aPCI.
=700  1\$aHallstadius, L.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLimbäck, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aVesterlund, G.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAndersson, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWitt, P.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aIzquierdo, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRemartinez, B.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDiaz, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSacedon, JL.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAlvarez, A-M,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aEngman, U.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aJakobsson, R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMassih, AR.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12444.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12449
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12449$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12449$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK9185.A1
=082  04$a621.48/33$223
=100  1\$aServer, WL.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aRecent Surveillance Data and a Revised Embrittlement Correlation /$cWL. Server, RG. Lott, ST. Rosinski, CA. English.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b7
=520  3\$aThe mechanistically-guided embrittlement correlation model adopted in ASTM E 900-02 was based on U.S. surveillance results current through calendar year 1998. There now exists an extensive amount of new surveillance data that includes a large amount of boiling water reactor (BWR) results from a supplemental surveillance program designed to augment the plant-specific BWR surveillance programs. These recent data allow a statistical check of the ASTM E 900-02 embrittlement correlation, as well as the NRC correlation model currently being used in the pressurized thermal shock (PTS) re-evaluation effort and the older Regulatory Guide 1.99, Revision 2 correlation. Even though the ASTM E 900-02 embrittlement correlation is a simplified version of the NRC model, a comparison of the two embrittlement correlation models utilizing the new database has proven to be revealing. Based on the new BWR data, both models are inadequate in their ability to predict BWR results. Other aspects of the two models are presented, as well as plans to develop a revised embrittlement correlation.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aEmbrittlement correlation.
=650  \0$aMechanisms of embrittlement.
=650  \0$aSurveillance data.
=650  14$aEmbrittlement correlation.
=650  24$aMechanisms of embrittlement.
=650  24$aSurveillance data.
=700  1\$aLott, RG.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRosinski, ST.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aEnglish, CA.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12449.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12450
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12450$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12450$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA480.A6
=082  04$a620.1/866$223
=100  1\$aScibetta, M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aUse of Broken Charpy V-notch Specimens from a Surveillance Program for Fracture Toughness Determination /$cM. Scibetta, E. Lucon, R. Chaouadi, E. van Walle, R. Gérard.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aBroken Charpy specimens from the surveillance program of a Belgian nuclear power plant are used to obtain the fracture toughness in the transition regime using the master curve concept. Two approaches are used. The first one is based on the reconstitution of Charpy specimens that are subsequently precracked and tested in three-point bending. The second approach is an innovative one that makes use of miniature Compact Tension specimens, which are machined from the broken pieces of the original Charpy specimens. Both approaches lead to consistent results. The recently developed miniature Compact Tension design has the advantage to use less material and is less costly in terms of machining operation. For the material investigated in this research, the current regulation, based on a semi-empirical approach to obtain the lower bound fracture toughness, is demonstrated to be conservative as compared to the direct fracture toughness determination.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFracture-Toughness.
=650  \0$aMiniature compact tension.
=650  \0$aMaster curve.
=650  \0$aFracture toughness.
=650  14$aCharpy.
=650  24$aFracture toughness.
=650  24$aMaster curve.
=650  24$aMiniature compact tension.
=700  1\$aLucon, E.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aChaouadi, R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$avan Walle, E.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGérard, R.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12450.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12451
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12451$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12451$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC145.2
=082  04$a532$223
=100  1\$aMcCoy, JH.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDynamic Finite Element Modeling of Fracture in Charpy V-Notch Specimens of Weld Material 72W /$cJH. McCoy, AS. Kumar.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b26
=520  3\$aDynamic finite element modeling of the fracture behavior of fatigue-precracked and V-notch Charpy specimens was performed using ABAQUS Explicit. The purpose of this modeling effort was to predict the upper shelf energies of full-size precracked and Charpy V-notch full-size and sub-size specimens based on the upper shelf energy (USE) of precracked specimens. To achieve this end, finite element model prediction of the USE of a precracked Charpy specimen was calibrated to the corresponding experimental data. Based on this calibration, a material model incorporating a stress-strain curve and fracture strain properties was developed for the nuclear reactor pressure vessel 72 material. The calibrated material model was then applied to the modeling of crack extension and propagation for predicting the USE of both full-size and sub-size Charpy precracked and V-notch specimens. Finite element modeling of Charpy V-notch models has not been performed previously using this methodology. It was found that the predicted USE of standard and sub-size specimens in both notched-only and precracked conditions based on the USE of third-size specimens were in reasonable agreement with the corresponding experimental data. However, when full-size precracked USE was used as the calibration point, full-size notched USE matched well, half and third-size precracked USE were within normal scatter and half and third-size notched USE did not acceptably match with the corresponding experimental values.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFinite-element modeling.
=650  \0$aDynamic fracture.
=650  \0$aCharpy.
=650  \0$aUpper shelf energy.
=650  14$aFinite element modeling.
=650  24$aDynamic fracture.
=650  24$aCharpy.
=650  24$aWeld 72W.
=650  24$aUpper shelf energy.
=700  1\$aKumar, AS.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12451.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12453
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12453$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12453$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA460
=082  04$a620.1/6/28$223
=100  1\$aShibamoto, H.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffects of Proton Irradiation on Reactor Pressure Vessel Steel and Its Model Alloys /$cH. Shibamoto, A. Kimura, M. Hasegawa, H. Matsui, S. Yamaguchi.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b18
=520  3\$aEffects of proton irradiation on the reactor pressure vessel steel (RPVS), A533B cl. 1 have been investigated by means of positron lifetime and Vickers hardness measurement in comparison with those of the iron-copper model alloys. The specimens were irradiated with 1 MeV proton up to a fluence of 3 × 1017 ions/cm2 (0.2 dpa, displacement per atom, at a peak) at temperature below 80°C. The recovery behavior of the irradiation effects was also investigated during isochronal annealing for 30 min with a 25°C step from 100°C to 650°C. By positron annihilation technique, it was recognized that microvoids, which consist of about 5 vacancies with the number density of the order of 1016 /cm3, were formed by the irradiation. The number of microvoids decreased after a low temperature annealing and completely annihilated at 250°C, although irradiation hardening still remained. A large portion of the hardening recovered by the annealing up to 300°C and almost annealed out at 450°C. Irradiation response and its recovery behavior of A533B RPVS were discussed compared to the result of Fe-based model alloys.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aEmbrittlement.
=650  \0$aTensile properties.
=650  \0$aPositron lifetime.
=650  \0$aIrradiation hardening.
=650  \0$aProton irradiation.
=650  14$aProton irradiation.
=650  24$aA533B steel.
=650  24$aPositron lifetime.
=650  24$aVickers micro-hardness.
=650  24$aIrradiation hardening.
=650  24$aPost-irradiated isochronal annealing.
=700  1\$aKimura, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHasegawa, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMatsui, H.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aYamaguchi, S.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12453.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12458
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12458$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12458$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK9006
=082  04$a621.48/3$223
=100  1\$aWu, X.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFlow Localization Processes in Austenitic Alloys /$cX. Wu, X. Pan, M. Li, JF. Stubbins.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aAustenitic alloys are widely used for structural component applications in high irradiation environments. In general, they are more resistant to embrittlement than other classes of structural alloys, particularly at ambient and intermediate temperatures. Nevertheless, this class of materials suffers from highly localized flow when irradiated to moderate dose (∼ 1 to 5 dpa) at temperatures between 150 and 400°C. The loss of ductility is normally exhibited by very low values of uniform elongation in tensile tests. The processes that lead to plastic instability are examined here for several face centered cubic materials and alloys. It is found that there is a critical stress level at which necking initiates. This critical stress level is not influenced by irradiation exposure. However, irradiation exposure, which increases material yield strength, does result in proportional reductions in uniform elongation. Most of the materials examined here exhibit a bilinear strain hardening behavior. This leads to direct correlation between the material yield strength and the uniform elongation.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFlow localization.
=650  \0$aUniform elongation.
=650  \0$aAustenitic alloys.
=650  \0$aTensile test.
=650  14$aTensile test.
=650  24$aUniform elongation.
=650  24$aFlow localization.
=650  24$aAustenitic alloys.
=700  1\$aPan, X.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLi, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aStubbins, JF.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12458.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12462
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12462$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12462$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA417.6
=082  04$a620.1/63$223
=100  1\$aLi, M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDeformation Mechanism Maps of Unirradiated and Irradiated V-4Cr-4Ti /$cM. Li, SJ. Zinkle.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (17 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b26
=520  3\$aThis paper addresses various deformation mechanisms of unirradiated and irradiated V-4Cr-4Ti in terms of Ashby-type deformation maps. Tensile tests were carried out in the temperature range of 950–1150°C at strain rates of 10−3, 10−4, and 10−5 s−1. In addition, published tensile data and thermal creep data before and after irradiation were analyzed to provide further information about the materials' deformation behavior. The extensive tensile database for V-4Cr-4Ti was used to determine the key material parameters in physically-based constitutive equations. The resultant constitutive equations were employed to construct the Ashby deformation mechanism maps for unirradiated and irradiated V-4Cr-4Ti. Using the data analysis from the tensile tests, deformation map predictions at slow strain rates were obtained and verified by comparison with the experimental creep results. The methodology was successful in identifying the operating deformation mechanisms for a given temperature, stress, or strain rate condition. The study examines the limitations of extending creep data and analysis into new operating regimes, particularly where different deformation mechanisms are involved. The application of deformation mechanism maps in creep testing and data analysis is discussed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aDeformation-mechanism maps.
=650  \0$aTensile.
=650  \0$aIrradiation.
=650  14$aV-4Cr-4Ti.
=650  24$aTensile.
=650  24$aCreep.
=650  24$aIrradiation.
=650  24$aConstitutive equations.
=650  24$aDeformation mechanism maps.
=700  1\$aZinkle, SJ.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12462.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12465
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12465$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12465$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK7871.85
=082  04$a621.381$223
=100  1\$aDesquines, J.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMechanical Properties of Zircaloy-4 PWR Fuel Cladding with Burnup 54-64MWd/kgU and Implications for RIA Behavior /$cJ. Desquines, B. Cazalis, C. Bernaudat, C. Poussard, X. Averty, P. Yvon.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (20 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aThe PROMETRA material testing program is a support program related to the study of high burnup fuel rod behavior under Reactivity Initiated Accidents (RIA) and to the interpretation of the CABRI REP-Na RIA test results. Hoop and axial tensile tests have been performed on fresh and irradiated Zircaloy-4 cladding alloy first at CEA Grenoble hot labs and now at CEA Saclay in order to assess the cladding mechanical behavior during RIA transients. Efforts have been continuously carried out in order to improve the prototipicallity of the tests for RIA studies involving new specimens and new testing techniques. The corrosion level of irradiated specimens reached up to 130 μm of oxide layer thickness. The influence of in-pile oxide layer spallation has also been addressed. High strain-rate material properties of irradiated Zircaloy-4 and the consequences of hydride embrittlement can be derived from the PROMETRA program.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aOxide$xMicrostructure.
=650  \0$aHydrides.
=650  \0$aIrradiated.
=650  \0$aHydride.
=650  \0$aHigh-burnup.
=650  \0$aMechanical properties.
=650  \0$aEmbrittlement.
=650  14$aCABRI.
=650  24$aREP-Na.
=650  24$aPROMETRA.
=650  24$aRIA.
=650  24$aZircaloy-4.
=650  24$aIrradiated.
=650  24$aHigh-burnup.
=650  24$aMechanical properties.
=650  24$aHydride.
=650  24$aEmbrittlement.
=700  1\$aCazalis, B.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBernaudat, C.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPoussard, C.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAverty, X.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aYvon, P.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12465.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12468
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12468$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12468$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA480.Z65
=082  04$a620.1/89352$223
=100  1\$aPortier, L.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aInfluence of Long Service Exposures on the Thermal-Mechanical Behavior of Zy-4 and M5™ Alloys in LOCA Conditions /$cL. Portier, T. Bredel, J-C Brachet, V. Maillot, J-P Mardon, A. Lesbros.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (24 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b18
=520  3\$aThe main objective of this paper is to describe the effects of a long service exposure of the PWR fuel cladding tubes on their thermal-mechanical properties during and after a hypothetical LOCA transient. Within this prospect, specific studies have been performed: on one hand, thermal ramp tests under uniaxial stress loading on as-received, pre-hydrided and irradiated samples of Zy-4 and M5™, and on the other hand, mechanical tests after high temperature oxidation and quench on as-received and prehydrided Zy-4 and M5™. The main conclusions are:.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aQuench.
=650  \0$aIrradiation defects.
=650  \0$aEmbrittlement.
=650  \0$aHydrogen effect.
=650  \0$aResidual ductility.
=650  \0$aZirconium alloy.
=650  14$aLOCA.
=650  24$aZirconium alloy.
=650  24$aCreep.
=650  24$aHydrogen effect.
=650  24$aIrradiation defects.
=650  24$aZy-4.
=650  24$aM5™.
=650  24$aHigh temperature oxidation.
=650  24$aQuench.
=650  24$aResidual ductility.
=650  24$aEmbrittlement.
=650  24$aOxygen content in prior-Beta phase.
=700  1\$aBredel, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBrachet, J-C,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMaillot, V.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMardon, J-P,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLesbros, A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12468.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12470
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12470$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12470$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA443.P58
=082  04$a620.136$223
=100  1\$aSaric-Coric, M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPerformance of a New Co-Polymer Sulfonate-Based Mid-Range Water-Reducing Admixture /$cM. Saric-Coric, Y. Dénommé, M. Pagé, P-C Aïtcin.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (23 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b20
=520  3\$aAt the present time, there are essentially two types of water-reducers: high-range water-reducers and conventional water-reducers. Superplasticizers allow a 15–30 % water reduction. They are very efficient to disperse cement particles in concretes made with W/C ratios between 0.25 and 0.45. For concrete having a W/C ratio between 0.45 and 0.60, the optimal dosage is not generally very high and lacks robustness. In industrial applications, the use of superplasticizer in 0.45–0.60 W/C ratio concrete can result in segregation (light over-dosage) or a rapid slump loss (light under-dosage)
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCement-admixture.
=650  \0$aCement admixture.
=650  \0$aConcrete.
=650  \0$aSuperplasticizer.
=650  \0$aRheology.
=650  14$aCement admixture.
=650  24$aConcrete.
=650  24$aMid-range water-reducer.
=650  24$aRheology.
=650  24$aSuperplasticizer.
=700  1\$aDénommé, Y.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPagé, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAïtcin, P-C,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12470.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12472
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12472$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12472$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA440
=082  04$a620.1/3623$223
=100  1\$aAhn, N.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffects of C3A and Mineral Admixtures on the Sulfate Attack Using ASTM C 1012 /$cN. Ahn.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (20 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b8
=520  3\$aThere are three major properties that influence concrete sulfate resistance: the chemistry of the Portland cement, the permeability of the concrete, and the chemistry and replacement level of mineral admixtures. In order to investigate the effect of those on the sulfate attack, the testing program involved testing several different mortar mixes using the standardized test, ASTM C 1012. Four different cements were evaluated including one Type I cement, two Type I–II cements, and one Type V cement. Mortar mixes were also made with mineral admixtures as each cement was combined with three different types of mineral admixtures. One Class F fly ash, one Class C fly ash, and one ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) was added in various % volumetric replacement levels. Expansion measurements were taken and investigated with expansion criteria recommended from past experience.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFurnace slag.
=650  \0$aFly ash.
=650  \0$aSulfate attack.
=650  14$aSulfate attack.
=650  24$aFly ash.
=650  24$aFurnace slag.
=650  24$aC3A.
=650  24$aASTM C 1012 test method.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12472.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12478
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12478$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12478$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aF474.I23
=082  04$a977.8355$223
=100  1\$aFarrington, SA.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aHydration Behavior of Portland Cements with Different Hemihydrate/Gypsum Ratios in the Presence of Common Chemical Admixtures /$cSA. Farrington, BJ. Christensen.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b10
=520  3\$aInteractions that take place between hydrating portland cement and chemical admixtures during the early hydration period affect the performance of concrete. Many of the early hydration reactions involve sulfate phases. Cement manufacturers intergrind calcium sulfate with clinker in the finish mill to provide control for the aluminate reactions during hydration. The calcium sulfate is typically added as gypsum, but some of this gypsum can dehydrate to calcium sulfate hemihydrate or soluble anhydrite, depending on the conditions in the finish mill. The final form of the calcium sulfate may affect the hydration characteristics of the cement in the presence of various chemical admixtures.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHemihydrate.
=650  \0$aGypsum.
=650  \0$aChemical admixtures.
=650  \0$aPortland cement.
=650  \0$aCalorimetry.
=650  14$aChemical admixtures.
=650  24$aPortland cement.
=650  24$aHemihydrate.
=650  24$aGypsum.
=650  24$aCalorimetry.
=700  1\$aChristensen, BJ.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12478.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12482
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12482$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12482$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA460
=082  04$a620.1/6/28$223
=100  1\$aYamada, H.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Effect of Joint Condition on Mechanical Properties of Irradiated Hot Isostatic Pressed Joints /$cH. Yamada, S. Sato, H. Kawamura, K. Mohri, Y. Nagao, F. Takada.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b8
=520  3\$aFor fabrication of the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor blanket, a study was made on the effect of surface roughness (Ry) at the joint boundary on tensite properties of copper alloy/stainless steel hot isostatic pressed (HIP) joints after neutron irradiation. Three different types of joints (type-A: Ry = 1 µm, type-B; Ry = 10 µm, and type-C: Ry = 30 µm) were prepared and irradiated up to 1.5 displacements per atom at 200–250°C. It was clarified that the tensile properties of unirradiated joints and tensile strength of irradiated joints were not changed by the surface roughness condition. However, total elongation of the high surface roughness (type-C) joints was smaller than that of the other joints after neutron irradiation, because diffusion of Cr and Fe into the copper alloy was not uniform compared with that of the other HIP joints. This study shows that a more uniform diffusion region is necessary for HIP joints to be used under neutron irradiation than for unirradiated Cu/stainless steel HIP joints.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aLattice expansion.
=650  \0$aNeutron.
=650  \0$aHIP joint.
=650  \0$aIrradiation effect.
=650  14$aHIP joint.
=650  24$aNeutron.
=650  24$aIrradiation effect.
=650  24$aJoint boundary condition.
=650  24$aDSCu.
=650  24$aITER shielding blanket.
=700  1\$aSato, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKawamura, H.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMohri, K.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNagao, Y.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTakada, F.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12482.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12487
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12487$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12487$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH2270
=082  04$a690/.1823$223
=100  1\$aAckerman, DS.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aReview of Specific Local Fenestration Units, Building Envelope Interface Practices, and Materials Compared to ASTM E 2112, Current Acceptance Criteria, and Evaluation Practices /$cDS. Ackerman.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (19 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references.
=520  3\$a1. Variations in physical installation environments.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aASTM E2112.
=650  \0$aFlashing.
=650  \0$aWindow flashing.
=650  \0$aFlexible flashings.
=650  14$aWindow flashing.
=650  24$aASTM E2112.
=650  24$aFlexible flashings.
=650  24$aFlashing.
=650  24$aAC 148.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12487.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12488
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12488$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12488$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK7881.4
=082  04$a621.389/32$223
=100  1\$aKudder, RJ.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffect of Installation Details on the Condensation Performance of Window Frames /$cRJ. Kudder, SK. Babich, DK. Johnson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (17 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b14
=520  3\$aIndustry standard tests and calculation methods under laboratory conditions are used to determine a Condensation Resistance Factor (CRF) for window frames. The CRF is one of several performance parameters used to select fenestration products for specific conditions of exposure and occupancy. Colder climates and higher interior humidity typically require fenestration products with higher CRFs. The CRF by itself is not necessarily a predictor of the ability of a window frame to resist interior surface condensation due to thermal bridges or breaches in thermal breaks created by installation details, rough opening materials, and surrounding wall details. This paper explores the affect of installation details on the interior surface temperature of metal window frames, and indirectly, the likelihood of surface condensation on the frame.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aTHERM program.
=650  \0$aModeling.
=650  \0$aCondensation.
=650  \0$aWindow frames.
=650  \0$aDew point.
=650  14$aCondensation.
=650  24$aCRF.
=650  24$aDew point.
=650  24$aModeling.
=650  24$aTHERM program.
=650  24$aWindow frames.
=700  1\$aBabich, SK.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aJohnson, DK.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12488.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12489
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12489$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12489$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH5606
=082  04$a694$223
=100  1\$aDorin, L.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Importance of Integrating Flashing and the Water Resistive Barrier in the Exterior Wall Systems of Residential Buildings /$cL. Dorin.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b10
=520  3\$aBuilding science studies have recognized the importance of the proper installation of flashing and its integration with the water resistive barriers as very important to the success of a wall assembly. The roll of flashing is to direct water away from the opening to the water resistive barrier, which in turn directs the water to the exit point in the wall. The integration of these two elements and the quality of their installation is ultimately important to the success of the wall system. It is equally important to select products, which perform as intended after installation. Extensive testing has been conducted on local and regional methods that do not follow the guidelines in E 2112. When tested, many of these installation methods completely fail to perform the required function of preventing water leakage. Conclusions are that it is important to follow E 2112 in installing flashing and integrating it with the water resitive barrier (WRB). It is equally important that a WRB is used. Each element of the installation is important. If the flashing is perfect, but the WRB lets water through, then there are potential problems.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFlashing.
=650  \0$aWindow installation.
=650  \0$aWall assembly.
=650  14$aFlashing.
=650  24$aWRB (water resistive barrier)
=650  24$aWall assembly.
=650  24$aWindow installation.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12489.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12490
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12490$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12490$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH2270
=082  04$a690/.1823$223
=100  1\$aCrowder-Moore, BJ.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPerformance Testing of Flashing Installation Methods for Brick Mold and Nonflanged Windows /$cBJ. Crowder-Moore, TA. Weston, JD. Katsaros.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (20 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b8
=520  3\$aOne of the major sources of water intrusion in buildings is through openings in walls caused by windows and other fenestrations, in particular the interface between the window and wall. Numerous flashing products, including self-adhered products, have recently been developed to protect this window-wall interface from moisture intrusion. However, the proper installation of these flashing products is not well understood and installation methods are often misused. Various installation methods have been developed and tested to evaluate performance and ease of installation. While most of the flashing installation development has been focused on residential flanged-style windows, effective installation methods for wood framed “brick mold” windows as well as other “nonflanged” windows have not previously been developed and tested. A series of laboratory wall tests were used to compare the air leakage resistance (ASTM E 283), water leakage resistance (ASTM E 331), and durability (ASTM E 330) of various flashing materials and installation methods. The performance and durability of flashing as installed with round top windows, brick mold windows, and nonflanged windows were tested and evaluated.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aWeather-resistive barrier.
=650  \0$aFlashing performance.
=650  \0$aMoisture intrusion.
=650  \0$aWindow installation.
=650  \0$aHousewrap.
=650  \0$aBrick mold window.
=650  \0$aFlanged window.
=650  \0$aNonflanged window.
=650  14$aFlashing performance.
=650  24$aMoisture intrusion.
=650  24$aWindow installation.
=650  24$aWeather resistive barrier (WRB)
=650  24$aHousewrap.
=650  24$aFlanged window.
=650  24$aNonflanged window.
=650  24$aBrick mold window.
=700  1\$aWeston, TA.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKatsaros, JD.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12490.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12494
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12494$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12494$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aS494.5.W3+(lccopycat)
=082  04$a628.13$223
=100  1\$aKatsaros, JD.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAdhesive Characterization & Durability of Self-Adhered Flashings /$cJD. Katsaros.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (17 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b6
=520  3\$aSelf-adhered flashing products can very effectively maintain a durable moisture-tight seal at the window-wall interface, which is highly vulnerable to moisture intrusion. However, it is essential that these products be installed under conditions where adequate adhesion to the substrate is achieved. Also, the self-adhered flashing products must have thermal durability and dimensional stability to maintain their performance at the high temperatures that can exist behind siding. This study gives a preliminary adhesion characterization assessment of six self-adhered flashing products, three with modified-asphalt based adhesives and three with butyl based adhesives, onto several common building substrates and installed at a range of temperatures, including moist and dusty conditions. What is found is that the butyl based adhesive systems have a broader window of installation surface conditions and temperatures where “adequate adhesion” is achieved without the use of a primer than the modifiedasphalt based adhesive products. Also, a thermal aging study shows that the butyl based adhesive products are more thermally stable than the modified-asphalt based products at typical temperatures behind siding. Also, film topsheets are more prone to deformation and curling after thermal aging than nonwovens composite or foil laminate based topsheets.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFlashing.
=650  \0$aConstruction.
=650  \0$aAdhesives.
=650  \0$aBuildings.
=650  \0$aSealants.
=650  \0$aWindows.
=650  \0$aWater management.
=650  \0$aDurability.
=650  14$aConstruction.
=650  24$aWater management.
=650  24$aFlashing.
=650  24$aSealants.
=650  24$aWindows.
=650  24$aBuildings.
=650  24$aDurability.
=650  24$aAdhesives.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12494.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12495
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12495$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12495$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH2270
=082  04$a690/.1823$223
=100  1\$aButt, TK.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aWater Resistance and Vapor Permeance of Weather Resistive Barriers /$cTK. Butt.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aWeather-resistive barriers (WRBs) are typically used in exterior walls of low rise frame buildings under claddings such as stucco (cement plaster), wood and wood derived products, vinyl (PVC), and masonry veneer. WRBs are primarily intended to provide resistance to water that may penetrate the outer cladding. WRBs also provide resistance to passage of air to varying extents but generally are moderately permeable to water vapor. Traditional WRB materials were limited to asphalt saturated felts and papers, but polymeric sheets have taken a growing share of the market in recent years. There are also trowel-applied and rigid board WRBs. Little information is available about the comparable properties of commercially available materials or what to consider when selecting the appropriate product for a particular application. Both building code requirements and vendors' product information are inconsistent and confusing. This paper, which is limited to the properties of water resistance and water vapor permeance, provides information that may be helpful in understanding, selecting, and using weather resistive barriers.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aWeather-resistive barrier.
=650  \0$aSheathing membrane.
=650  \0$aDrainage wall.
=650  \0$aHouse wrap.
=650  \0$aHousewrap.
=650  \0$aBuilding paper.
=650  \0$aMoisture barrier.
=650  14$aWeather resistive barrier.
=650  24$aSheathing membrane.
=650  24$aHousewrap.
=650  24$aHouse wrap.
=650  24$aBuilding paper.
=650  24$aAsphalt saturated felt.
=650  24$aAsphalt saturated kraft paper.
=650  24$aDrainage wall.
=650  24$aMoisture barrier.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12495.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12497
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12497$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12497$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH5606
=082  04$a694$223
=100  1\$aBraun, RG.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDurability Testing of Polyurethane Foam Sealant in the Window-Wall Interface /$cRG. Braun, J. Garcia.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b4
=520  3\$aIn late 1990, the National Research Council of Canada (NRC-CNRC) and the Canadian Construction Materials Centre of Canada (CCMC) set about developing a durability protocol for aerosol foam sealants. Major input for this effort was supplied by Dr. Mark Bomberg then on the NRC-CNRC staff. At that time a major manufacturer of aerosol foam sealant wished to address some developing concerns whether foam sealant used around the perimeter of windows and doors during their installation was really durable. The manufacturer completed the durability testing according to the established NRC protocol. Now the protocol is also part of a new Standard CAN/ULC-S710.1 and CAN/ULC-S711.1. This paper will describe that testing as it was completed at the third party laboratory, Air-Ins Inc., of Montreal, Canada using criteria from the 1995 National Building Code of Canada [1]. The data obtained also formed the basis for CCMC Evaluation report 13074-R [2].
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAir leakage.
=650  \0$aAerosol foam sealant.
=650  \0$aFoam sealant.
=650  14$aFoam sealant.
=650  24$aPolyurethane foam sealant.
=650  24$aAerosol foam sealant.
=650  24$aExpandable polyurethane sealant.
=650  24$aAir barrier foam sealant.
=650  24$aWindow and door foam sealant.
=650  24$aLow pressure-build foam sealant.
=650  24$aAir leakage.
=700  1\$aGarcia, J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12497.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12505
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12505$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12505$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTC801
=082  04$a551.490979493$223
=100  1\$aCornick, SM.,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Review of Climate Loads Relevant to Assessing the Watertightness Performance of Walls, Windows, and Wall-Window Interfaces /$cSM. Cornick, MA. Lacasse.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aWhen assessing a wall assembly's ability to manage rainwater and control rain penetration, the two key climatic elements to consider are wind speed and rainfall intensity. However, of significance to rain penetration is the effect of wind-driven rain on the building cladding — that is wind coincident with rainfall. When water is present at openings in the cladding, water is driven into the layers of the assembly by the action of wind. Paths providing a direct line from openings in the cladding to inside the assembly offer particularly vulnerable points for water entry. Performance testing helps determine the location of vulnerable locations in a wall assembly and the test loads at which penetration occurs, and it possibly relates the amount of entry to specific details and simulated climate effects. Undertaking watertightness performance tests requires knowledge of extremes in wind-driven rain or specifically the occurrence and level of extreme rainfall events for locations of interest. A review of climate information on wind-driven rain is provided, and its relevance to assessing the watertightness performance of walls, windows, and wall-window interfaces is discussed. Values of rainfall intensity, duration, and frequency or occurrence are given, emphasizing the level of significance of these variables to different North American climates.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aWind.
=650  \0$aPerformance testing.
=650  \0$aRain.
=650  \0$aWind-driven rain.
=650  \0$aClimate loads.
=650  \0$aWatertightness.
=650  \0$aWindows.
=650  14$aClimate loads.
=650  24$aPerformance testing.
=650  24$aRain.
=650  24$aWalls.
=650  24$aWind.
=650  24$aWind-driven rain.
=650  24$aWatertightness.
=650  24$aWindows.
=650  24$aWall-window interface.
=700  1\$aLacasse, MA.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12505.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12509
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12509$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12509$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA404.8.M3782012
=082  04$a620.11$223
=100  1\$aLiang, J-Z,$eauthor.
=245  10$aImpact Fracture Behavior of Hollow Glass Bead-Filled ABS Composites /$cJ-Z Liang.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aThe Izod and Charpy impact properties, including V notched and unnotched, of acrylnitrilebutadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS) filled with hollow glass beads (HGB) were measured at room temperature in the present paper, to identify the effect of the HGB contents on the impact fracture behavior of the composites. The mean diameter of the HGB was 70 μm, and the surface of the beads was pretreated with a silane coupling agent. The results showed that both Izod and Charpy (including notched and unnotched) impact strength (σ1) of the composites decreased quickly when the volume fraction (φf) of the HGB was less than 5 %, and then decreased gently with increasing φf. Both V-notched Izod and Charpy impact strength are close to each other, especially at low filler concentration. Furthermore, the impact fracture surfaces of the V-notched Izod impact specimens were observed by means of a scanning electron microscope. It was found that there was debonding phenomenon between the beads and the matrix, and the HGB in the ABS matrix was undamaged. In addition, obvious agglomeration phenomenon of the particles in the matrix was not observed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aABS resin.
=650  \0$aHollow glass bead.
=650  \0$aComposites.
=650  \0$aImpact properties.
=650  14$aABS resin.
=650  24$aHollow glass bead.
=650  24$aComposites.
=650  24$aImpact properties.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12509.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12517
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12517$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12517$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA409.2
=082  04$a691$223
=100  1\$aHaynes, H.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aASTM C 88 Test on Soundness of Aggregate Using Sodium Sulfate or Magnesium Sulfate :$bA Study of the Mechanisms of Damage /$cH. Haynes.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (17 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b18
=520  3\$aIn this study, the mechanisms of damage to aggregate particles by sodium sulfate and magnesium sulfate solutions were investigated. By using glass and aluminum containers to represent aggregate pore space and confining walls, test results showed that during soaking cycles crystal growth occurred that applied some bearing pressure on the container. This bearing pressure, however, was secondary to more damaging pressure that occurred during the oven drying cycles. During soaking cycles, mirabilite (Na2·SO4 10H2O) applied bearing pressures up to about 0.6 MPa. During oven drying cycles, thenardite applied bearing pressures up to about 2.0 MPa. Magnesium sulfate salts produced bearing pressures about the same magnitude as that of the sodium sulfate salts.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMagnesium sulfate.
=650  \0$aSodium sulfate.
=650  \0$aSalt weathering.
=650  \0$aPhysical salt attack.
=650  \0$aSalt crystallization.
=650  \0$aSoundness test.
=650  14$aASTM C 88.
=650  24$aForce of crystallization.
=650  24$aPhysical salt attack.
=650  24$aMagnesium sulfate.
=650  24$aSalt crystallization.
=650  24$aSalt hydration distress.
=650  24$aSalt weathering.
=650  24$aSodium sulfate.
=650  24$aSoundness test.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12517.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12526
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12526$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12526$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRC1220.S5
=082  04$a617/.1027$223
=100  1\$aEkeland, A.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aInjury Rates and Injury Types in Alpine Skiing, Telemarking, and Snowboarding /$cA. Ekeland, S. Sulheim, A. Rodven.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b25
=520  3\$aA central ski patrol-based registration of skiing and snowboarding injuries was performed by the Norwegian Ski Lift Association during the winter seasons 2000/2001 and 2001/2002. A control material of 3002 randomly sampled uninjured skiers was collected from the same ski resorts throughout the 2001–2002 season.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSkiing injuries.
=650  \0$aSkiing trauma.
=650  \0$aSkiing.
=650  \0$aSnowboarding.
=650  \0$aChildren.
=650  \0$aAthletic injuries.
=650  \0$aFractures.
=650  \0$aSports.
=650  \0$aSprains.
=650  \0$aTibial fractures.
=650  14$aAge factors.
=650  24$aAthletic injuries.
=650  24$aChildren.
=650  24$aFractures.
=650  24$aSkiing.
=650  24$aSkiing trauma.
=650  24$aSnowboarding.
=650  24$aSports.
=650  24$aSprains.
=650  24$aTibial fractures.
=700  1\$aSulheim, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRodven, A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12526.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12546
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12546$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12546$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.38
=082  04$a620.1126$223
=100  1\$aPrevéy, P.,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Design Methodology to Take Credit for Residual Stresses in Fatigue Limited Designs /$cP. Prevéy, N. Jayaraman.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b22
=520  3\$aHigh cycle fatigue (HCF) performance of turbine engine components has been known for decades to benefit from compressive surface residual stresses produced by shot peening. Recently laser shocking and low plasticity burnishing (LPB) have been shown to provide spectacular fatigue and damage tolerance improvement by introducing deep or through-thickness compression in fatigue critical areas. However, the lack of a comprehensive design method that defines the depth and magnitude of compression required to achieve a design fatigue life has prevented surface enhancement from being used for more than a safeguard against HCF damage initiation. The present paper describes a design methodology and testing protocol to allow credit to be taken for the beneficial compression introduced by surface enhancement in component design to achieve a required or optimal fatigue performance.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aHaigh diagram.
=650  \0$aDesign.
=650  \0$aResidual stress.
=650  14$aResidual stress.
=650  24$aDesign.
=650  24$aHaigh diagram.
=650  24$aFatigue.
=650  24$aHigh cycle fatigue (HCF)
=700  1\$aJayaraman, N.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12546.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12547
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12547$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12547$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRJ482.R48
=082  04$a618.92/7$223
=100  1\$aEdwards, L.,$eauthor.
=245  13$aAn Integrated Approach to the Determination and Consequences of Residual Stress on the Fatigue Performance of Welded Aircraft Structures /$cL. Edwards, ME. Fitzpatrick, PE. Irving, I. Sinclair, X. Zhang, D. Yapp.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (17 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b20
=520  3\$aAlthough residual stress in welded structures and components has long been known to have an effect on their fatigue performance, access to reliable, spatially accurate residual stress field data has been limited. Recent advances in neutron and synchrotron X-ray diffraction allow a far more detailed picture of weld residual stress fields to be obtained that permits the development and use of predictive models that can be used for accurate design against fatigue in aircraft structures. This paper describes a fully integrated study of the three-dimensional residual stress distribution accompanying state-of-the-art fusion welds in 2024-T4 aluminum alloy, and how it is affected by subsequent machining and service loading. A particular feature of this work has been the development of techniques allowing the nondestructive evaluation of the residual stress field in the full range of specimens used to provide the design data required for welded aircraft structures and the integration of this information into all aspects of damage tolerant design.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aShear strain.
=650  \0$aDamage tolerance.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aResidual stresses.
=650  \0$aStructural integrity.
=650  14$aResidual stresses.
=650  24$aFatigue.
=650  24$aDamage tolerance.
=650  24$aStructural integrity.
=650  24$aWelded aircraft structures.
=700  1\$aFitzpatrick, ME.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aIrving, PE.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSinclair, I.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aZhang, X.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aYapp, D.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12547.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12548
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12548$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12548$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA409
=082  04$a671.520423$223
=100  1\$aLee, H-Y,$eauthor.
=245  10$aResidual Stress Distributions for Plate T-Butt Welds in Defect Assessment Applications /$cH-Y Lee, S-H Lee, J-H Lee, R. Wimpory, KM. Nikbin.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b19
=520  3\$aThe residual stress distributions for plate T-butt welds were determined from a detailed finite element analysis of the welding process and they were compared with those of the measured data for validation. The residual stress distributions from the analyses and measurements were shown to be in similar shape. The distributions were found to be below the master curve for the residual stresses that were previously determined from a statistical analysis for a range of weld geometries and materials. A failure assessment for the T-butt weld with cracks under residual stress distributions has been carried out. The conservatism in the current life assessment procedures regarding the residual stresses were quantified based on the stress intensity factor (SIF) calculations for the T-butt weld. It was shown that the master curve profile provides more realistic values for the SIFs with reasonable conservatism than the profiles recommended in the existing assessment procedures.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBuckling (Mechanics)
=650  \0$aPlate T-butt weld.
=650  \0$aWeld.
=650  \0$aResidual stress.
=650  14$aResidual stress.
=650  24$aWeld.
=650  24$aPlate T-butt weld.
=650  24$aStress intensity factors.
=650  24$aR6.
=650  24$aBS7910.
=700  1\$aLee, S-H,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLee, J-H,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWimpory, R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNikbin, KM.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12548.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12551
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12551$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12551$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTS227.2
=082  04$a671.5/2$223
=100  1\$aHorn, NJ.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aInfluence of Cold Rolling Threads Before or After Heat Treatment on High Strength Bolts for Different Fatigue Preload Conditions /$cNJ. Horn, RI. Stephens.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (21 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b19
=520  3\$aSI grade 12.9 high strength steel bolts were used to investigate the fatigue behavior of bolt threads rolled before/after heat treatment using two different thread profiles and two different high preload values. Bolts were 3/8 UNRC-16 (coarse) and 3/8 UNRF-24 (fine) and preloads were taken as 75 and 90% of proof stress. Axial forces were applied through the nut. Axial and transverse residual stresses near the thread root were measured using X-ray diffraction. Most fracture surfaces contained crescent-shaped cracks and SEM evaluation indicated all fatigue crack growth regions contained multiple facets with no striations. Rolling after heat treatment caused little to no increase in fatigue resistance for the coarse threads. However, the fine threads finite fatigue life increased by factors of 2 to 5 and fatigue strengths based on Sa at 107 cycles increased by 40 and 50% for the 90 and 75% of proof stress preload, respectively. These are significant increases considering the very high preloads or R-ratios. The greater preload gave better fatigue resistance when based on the maximum stress, Smax, and lower fatigue resistance when based on the alternating stress, Sa Based on Smax, fatigue strengths at 107 cycles for 90% of preload were equivalent to or greater than the actual proof stress. Smax at 107 cycles for fine threads rolled after heat treatment with 75% of proof stress was also greater than the actual proof stress. The above results can be attributed to different thread root radii, thread region smoothness, original residual stress from rolling after heat treatment, and residual stress relaxation from the high preloads.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPreload.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aAxial.
=650  \0$aHigh R-Ratio.
=650  \0$aBolts.
=650  \0$aHigh Mean Stress.
=650  \0$aResidual Stress.
=650  14$aFatigue.
=650  24$aAxial.
=650  24$aBolts.
=650  24$aPreload.
=650  24$aResidual Stress.
=650  24$aHigh Mean Stress.
=650  24$aHigh R-Ratio.
=700  1\$aStephens, RI.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12551.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12552
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12552$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12552$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA455.P5
=082  04$a668.4$223
=100  1\$aBuchanan, DJ.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aThermal Residual Stress Relaxation in Powder Metal IN100 Superalloy /$cDJ. Buchanan, R. John, NE. Ashbaugh.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b28
=520  3\$aRelaxation of shot peen induced compressive residual stresses due to thermal exposure was measured using X-ray diffraction. The material used in this study was a hot isostatically pressed (HIP) powder metal (PM) IN100 nickel base superalloy. A total of 14 IN100 samples were shot peened to an Almen intensity of 6A using MI-170-R shot with 125 % coverage. The sample dimensions were nominally 16×13×4-mm thick with an irradiated X-ray region of 8×5 mm. Residual stress measurements were made at the surface and at nominal depths of 12, 25, 50, 75, 125, 175, 250, and 350 microns. The shot peened samples were thermal exposed at two temperatures (650, 704°C) and a range of exposure times (0.5–300 h). Residual stress measurements on shot peened samples without thermal exposure were used as a basis for comparison. The relaxation of shot peened compressive residual stresses under purely thermal loading was examined. The residual stresses exhibited an initial rapid decrease on the surface and in the depth at both temperatures. However, continued thermal exposure produced little or no change in surface residual stresses while peak compressive stresses in the depth continued to relax with time at both temperatures. In all cases of this study the retained peak compressive residual stress after thermal exposure was greater than 50 % of the baseline value.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aThermal exposure.
=650  \0$aCold work.
=650  \0$aShot peen.
=650  \0$aStress relaxation.
=650  \0$aThermal relaxation.
=650  \0$aResidual stress.
=650  \0$aSuperalloy.
=650  14$aResidual stress.
=650  24$aShot peen.
=650  24$aThermal exposure.
=650  24$aThermal relaxation.
=650  24$aStress relaxation.
=650  24$aIN100.
=650  24$aSuperalloy.
=650  24$aX-ray.
=650  24$aCold work.
=700  1\$aJohn, R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAshbaugh, NE.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12552.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12556
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12556$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12556$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRJ482.R48
=082  04$a618.92/7$223
=100  1\$aKokaly, MT.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPredicting Fatigue Crack Growth in the Residual Stress Field of a Cold Worked Hole /$cMT. Kokaly, JS. Ransom, JH. Restis, L. Reid.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b7
=520  3\$aCold working of holes generates compressive residual stresses resulting in a significant fatigue life improvement over a non-cold worked hole. Current fatigue life prediction methods for cold worked holes are based on two-dimensional (2-D) linear superposition of stress intensity factor, K, solutions of the non-cold worked hole and the residual stresses. Such predictions have shown various levels of agreement with the overall fatigue life and have generally underpredicted the crack growth over the majority of life. An inverse process was used to generate K solutions for the residual stresses of two experimental data sets using AFGROW and the crack growth data from the experiments. The inverse K solutions were inconsistent with the residual stress distribution indicating that it contained mechanisms or features not inherent to the 2-D weight function method. The predicted fatigue life was found to be very sensitive to a ± 1% variance in the inversely generated K solution. This sensitivity of the K method is a very important issue that must be addressed in the future. A 2-D FEA model indicated that the crack remained completely closed over a range of crack lengths despite experimental crack growth indicating that the model was not an accurate physical representation of the real crack. The results of this study combined with the significantly faster crack growth observed on the side of the hole corresponding to the entry side of the mandrel and the through thickness residual hoop stress variation show that the current methodology based on a 2-D assumptions is inadequate in predicting the fatigue crack growth from cold worked holes for the range of specimen thicknesses in this study. It is suggested that further research focus on incorporating the through thickness stress variance in a solution that predicts crack growth both in the radial and through thickness directions to capture the peculiar crack growth associated with cold working.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aStress intensity factor.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aCold working.
=650  \0$aCrack growth.
=650  \0$aResidual stress.
=650  14$aCold working.
=650  24$aResidual stress.
=650  24$aFatigue.
=650  24$aCrack growth.
=650  24$aStress intensity factor.
=700  1\$aRansom, JS.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRestis, JH.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aReid, L.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12556.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12558
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12558$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12558$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.9.C6
=082  04$a620.1/4$223
=100  1\$aTerada, H.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aStress Intensity Factor Analysis and Fatigue Behavior of a Crack in the Residual Stress Field of Welding /$cH. Terada.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aThis paper deals with the behavior of a crack in the residual stress field induced by butt weld in a wide plate. It is known that the distribution pattern of residual stress is similar regardless of welding process, though the size and the magnitude of the residual stress depend largely on the welding process. Stress intensity factor and stress redistribution induced by the crack extension were calculated for a crack with arbitrary length and location. The stress redistributions caused by crack extension obtained by the present analysis showed good agreement with the experimental data. Fatigue crack propagation behavior in the residual stress field reported by Glinka was also examined from the ΔK point of view. In this paper, the effect of residual stress on the fatigue crack propagation rate is considered to be the effect of varying mean stress. The concept of ΔKeff, where the effect of residual stress is accounted as the correction factor by the way of simple superposition, is shown to predict the crack growth rate with sufficient accuracy.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aResidual Stress Field.
=650  \0$aStress intensity factor analysis.
=650  \0$aStress re-distribution.
=650  \0$aButt weld.
=650  \0$aFatigue crack.
=650  \0$aCrack propagation.
=650  14$aStress intensity factor analysis.
=650  24$aCrack.
=650  24$aResidual stress field.
=650  24$aButt weld.
=650  24$aStress re-distribution.
=650  24$aFatigue crack.
=650  24$aCrack propagation.
=650  24$aEffective stress intensity factor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12558.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12559
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12559$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12559$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA409
=082  04$a620.1126$223
=100  1\$aFujimoto, WT.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aModeling the Formation and Growth of Cracks from Cold-Worked Holes /$cWT. Fujimoto.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (19 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b21
=520  3\$aFirst generation crack formation and crack growth predictive approaches for cold-worked holes—based on the growth of a single noninteracting crack in a stationary residual stress field—fail to account fully for the physical mechanisms by which cracks form and grow from cold-worked holes. This failure leads in many cases to large differences between predicted and actual lives. Factors not accounted for in first generation approaches include the following: 1. 3-D nature of residual stress field due to mandrel pull-through. 2. Multistage crack growth involving a progressively spreading system of cracks. 3. Multiple potential initial crack sites, and the effect of site upon the multistage crack growth path. 4. Relaxation of the residual stress field due to overloads/underloads, or due to cyclic reyielding from crack growth. 5. Interaction of the hole with adjacent structural elements for multilayer joints. A physics-based second generation methodology for accounting for these factors is described. This methodology separates into individual building blocks each of the various mechanisms controlling the formation and relaxation of residual stresses, and the nucleation and progression of a system of cracks. Because it explicitly models each of these mechanisms, it is capable of eliminating or reducing the uncertainty over the life improvement potential of the cold-working process, allowing the full potential of cold-working to alleviate the aging aircraft problem to be untapped.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aCold-working.
=650  \0$aWeight function.
=650  \0$aFracture mechanics.
=650  \0$aResidual stresses.
=650  14$aResidual stresses.
=650  24$aCold-working.
=650  24$aFatigue.
=650  24$aFracture mechanics.
=650  24$aWeight function.
=650  24$aStress intensity factors.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12559.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12564
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12564$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12564$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTD898.17
=082  04$a621.48/38$223
=100  1\$aRoy, AK.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aResidual Stress Measurements in Welded and Plastically Deformed Target Structural Materials /$cAK. Roy, A. Venkatesh, S. Dronavalli, V. Marthandam, D. Wells, F. Selim, R. Rogge.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b10
=520  3\$aTransmutation of spent nuclear fuels (SNF) is currently being considered to transform long-lived isotopes to species with relatively short half-lives and reduced radioactivity through capture and decay of minor actinides and fission products. This process is intended for geologic disposal of SNF for shorter durations in the proposed repository at the Yucca Mountain site. The structural material (Type 304L stainless steel/Alloy EP-823) surrounding the transmutation target will be subjected to welding operation and plastic deformation during fabrication, which could induce residual stresses in it. Destructive ring-core, and nondestructive x-ray diffraction, neutron diffraction, and positron annihilation spectroscopic techniques were used to evaluate residual stresses in welded and cold-worked specimens of both materials. The results indicate that, in general, for a welded specimen consisting of Alloy EP-823 and Type 304L stainless steel on opposite sides, compressive and tensile residual stresses were observed in the former and latter materials, respectively. However, a welded specimen consisting of only Alloy EP-823 on both sides showed tensile residual stresses. The extent of residual stresses in cold-worked specimens was enhanced with increased level of cold-reduction. In case of a bent specimen, compressive and tensile residual stresses were noticed in the convex and concave sides, respectively.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPositron annihilation spectroscopy.
=650  \0$aRing-core.
=650  \0$aNeutron diffraction.
=650  \0$aTransmutation.
=650  \0$aMartensitic alloys.
=650  \0$aResidual stress.
=650  14$aTransmutation.
=650  24$aMartensitic alloys.
=650  24$aResidual stress.
=650  24$aPositron annihilation spectroscopy.
=650  24$aNeutron diffraction.
=650  24$aRing-core.
=700  1\$aVenkatesh, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDronavalli, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMarthandam, V.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWells, D.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSelim, F.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRogge, R.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12564.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12565
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12565$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12565$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH1560
=082  04$a693/.96$223
=100  1\$aRedner, AS.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCorrelation Between Strength and Measured Residual Stress in Tempered Glass Products /$cAS. Redner, E. Mognato, M. Schiavonato.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aU.S. and European Standards for strength and residual stresses in tempered glass are reviewed. Experimentally established correlation between the strength and nondestructively measured residual surface stress is demonstrated.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aTempered Glass.
=650  \0$aGlass residual stress.
=650  14$aStrength of glass residual stress.
=650  24$aSpecifications of tempered glass.
=700  1\$aMognato, E.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSchiavonato, M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12565.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12568
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12568$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12568$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTS227.2
=082  04$a671.5/2$223
=100  1\$aKingston, EJ.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aNovel Applications of the Deep-Hole Drilling Technique for Measuring Through-Thickness Residual Stress Distributions /$cEJ. Kingston, D. Stefanescu, AH. Mahmoudi, CE. Truman, DJ. Smith.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b20
=520  3\$aThis paper presents novel applications of the deep-hole drilling technique for residual stress measurement in components. The results outline the versatility of this technique for application in complex situations such as residual stress measurement in very thick components, components with difficult access to the measurement location, very large components, components requiring high spatial resolution, and components requiring detailed near surface residual stress distribution. The deep-hole drilling measurements were compared with results obtained using other measurement techniques. Excellent agreement was found between the results.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMeasurement methods.
=650  \0$aResidual stress.
=650  14$aResidual stress.
=650  24$aMeasurement methods.
=700  1\$aStefanescu, D.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMahmoudi, AH.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTruman, CE.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSmith, DJ.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12568.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12569
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12569$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12569$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRJ482.R48
=082  04$a618.92/7$223
=100  1\$aHonda, T.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffect of Shot Peening on Fatigue Crack Growth in 7075-T7351 /$cT. Honda, M. Ramulu, AS. Kobayashi.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b15
=520  3\$aThe effects of shot peening on fatigue crack growth in 7075-T735 single-edged notch bend (SENB) and three point bend (TPB) specimens are discussed. Fifty-one total fatigue tests were conducted with SENB and TPB specimens, which were machined from an 8.1 mm thick 7075-T7351 aluminum stock plate. All specimens were tested in the as-received or shot peened conditions, with crack perpendicular to the rolling direction, i.e., in the L-T direction. Fatigue tests of SENB specimens were conducted at a constant maximum load, stress ratios of R = 0.1 or 0.8, and to a pre-determined fatigue cycle or to failure. Crack growth rate was determined from the tunneling crack profile or by fractography. Peened surface roughness, subsurface microstructure, and micro-hardness profiles were also examined to evaluate their effect on crack growth rate. The TPB specimens were fatigued to failure at stress ratios of R = 0.1 or 0.8 and a S-N diagram constructed. Both the SENB and the TPB test results showed that severe shot peening (0.016A) slightly increased the fatigue life at low stress ratio of R = 0.1 but was found to be negligible at a high load ratio of R = 0.8. The stress concentration factor due to dimples generated by severe shot peening was estimated to be 1.14 and had negligible effect on the fatigue life. Grain distortion was observed to a depth range of 130–410 µm indicating the depth of the residual compressive stress layer developed for peening intensities of 0.004–0.016A, respectively.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAluminum.
=650  \0$aAluminum 7075-T7351.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aShot peening.
=650  \0$aSurface roughening.
=650  \0$aResidual stress.
=650  14$aFatigue.
=650  24$aAluminum 7075-T7351.
=650  24$aShot peening.
=650  24$aResidual stress.
=650  24$aSurface roughening.
=700  1\$aRamulu, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKobayashi, AS.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12569.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12757
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12757$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12757$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC120
=082  04$a531/.1$223
=100  1\$aGroves, RM.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFull-field Laser Shearography Instrumentation for the Detection and Characterization of Fatigue Cracks in Titanium 10-2-3 /$cRM. Groves, D. Furfari, SE. Barnes, SW. James, S. Fu, PE. Irving, RP. Tatam.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b18
=520  3\$aA multi-component shearography instrument is used to investigate the in-plane surface strain fields in titanium 10-2-3 alloy specimens subjected to tensile loads. Titanium 10-2-3 alloy samples containing fatigue cracks with lengths from 0.7 to 5 mm were investigated using the shearography instrumentation. In-plane and out-of-plane measurements of surface strain are presented, along with comparative data from resistance strain gages. Factors determining the detection sensitivity, the limit of detection for crack lengths, and the accuracy of the strain field were established.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFull-field.
=650  \0$aInstrumentation.
=650  \0$aFatigue cracks.
=650  \0$aStrain measurement.
=650  \0$aShearography.
=650  14$aFull-field.
=650  24$aShearography.
=650  24$aStrain measurement.
=650  24$aFatigue cracks.
=650  24$aInstrumentation.
=700  1\$aFurfari, D.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBarnes, SE.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aJames, SW.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFu, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aIrving, PE.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTatam, RP.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12757.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12763
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12763$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12763$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQA76.9.C65
=082  04$a003.3$223
=100  1\$aBackman, D.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Use of Digital Image Correlation to Verify the Behavior of Fiber Metal Laminate Cylinders under Torsional Loading /$cD. Backman, A. Jodoin, C. Poon, Y. Mendis.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aMeasurements made using digital image correlation were compared to both strain gages and displacement transducers during the testing of a fiber metal laminate cylinder under torsional loading. The image correlation results showed very good agreement with measurements made using both strain gages and displacement transducers. The image correlation results were also used to measure out-of-plane displacement of the cylinder and to determine the exact onset of initial buckling. Although strain gages remain a proven and valuable technology for measuring strain, image correlation can completely characterize full-field strains and full-field displacements in the cylinder. In addition, image correlation is able to provide insight into the material behavior at strain values where the gages are less reliable and more prone to failure.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aDigital Image Correlation.
=650  \0$aStrain gage.
=650  \0$aTorsion.
=650  \0$aFiber metal laminates.
=650  14$aDigital image correlation.
=650  24$aFiber metal laminates.
=650  24$aTorsion.
=650  24$aStrain gage.
=700  1\$aJodoin, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPoon, C.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMendis, Y.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12763.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12771
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12771$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12771$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTJ265
=082  04$a621.402/1$223
=100  1\$aBarberis, P.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMicrostructure and Phase Control in Zr-Fe-Cr-Ni Alloys :$bThermodynamic and Kinetic Aspects /$cP. Barberis, N. Dupin, C. Lemaignan, A. Pasturel, JM. Grange.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (28 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b35
=520  3\$aTEM investigations in Zr-Fe and Zr-Fe-Ni, Zr-Ni-Cr and Zr-Cr-Fe systems were performed to assess the second particles present in these alloys, either in quasi equilibrium conditions, or after quenching and annealing experiments.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aThermodynamics.
=650  \0$aThermodynamic.
=650  \0$aMicrostructure.
=650  \0$aCorrosion.
=650  14$aThermodynamic.
=650  24$aZr-base alloys.
=650  24$aMicrostructure.
=650  24$aAb initio calculation.
=650  24$aCorrosion.
=700  1\$aDupin, N.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLemaignan, C.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPasturel, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGrange, JM.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12771.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12772
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12772$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12772$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQ1-390
=082  04$a624.1899$223
=100  1\$aCao, C.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDifferentiation of Damage and Failure Mechanisms of Co-Cured Fiber-Reinforced Composite Joints Using Acoustic Emission /$cC. Cao, D. Stefan Dancila.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (24 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b15
=520  3\$aThrough feature-based acoustic emission (AE) analysis and supervised clustering, data acquired during monotonic loading can reveal damage initiation, development, and accumulation within a specimen. In this work, AE analysis using a supervised pattern recognition method is carried out on specimens with co-cured composite joints of single lap and single nested overlap configurations. Correlation with physical observations from other techniques suggests that the resulting clusters may be associated with specific damage modes and failure mechanisms.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSingle-lap Joints.
=650  \0$aFiber-reinforced composite.
=650  \0$aAcoustic emission.
=650  \0$aSingle lap joints.
=650  \0$aOptical microscopy.
=650  \0$aX-ray radiography.
=650  14$aFiber-reinforced composite.
=650  24$aCo-cured composite joints.
=650  24$aSingle lap joints.
=650  24$aSingle nested overlap joints.
=650  24$aDamage and failure mechanisms.
=650  24$aAcoustic emission.
=650  24$aX-ray radiography.
=650  24$aOptical microscopy.
=650  24$aFeature-based AE analysis.
=650  24$aUnsupervised and supervised clustering of AE signals.
=700  1\$aStefan Dancila, D.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12772.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12773
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12773$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12773$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aCC79.X73
=082  04$a930.1028$223
=100  1\$aCao, C.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCharacterization of Damage and Failure Mechanisms of Co-Cured Fiber-Reinforced Composite Joints under Quasi-Static, Tensile Loading /$cC. Cao, D. Stefan Dancila.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (25 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b10
=520  3\$aThis research investigates two co-cured joint configurations, the conventional single lap joint, and the modified single nested overlap joint, which is obtained by a minor alteration of the former configuration. A systematic comparison of damage initiation, damage progression mechanisms, and failure modes of co-cured joint specimens under quasi-static tensile loading is carried out. Several investigation methods are used including acoustic emission, visual observation, optical microscopy, and X-ray radiography.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAcoustic emission.
=650  \0$aSingle lap joints.
=650  \0$aOptical microscopy.
=650  \0$aX-ray radiography.
=650  14$aFiber-reinforced composite.
=650  24$aCo-cured composite joints.
=650  24$aSingle lap joints.
=650  24$aSingle nested overlap joints.
=650  24$aDamage and failure mechanisms.
=650  24$aAcoustic emission.
=650  24$aX-ray radiography.
=650  24$aOptical microscopy.
=700  1\$aStefan Dancila, D.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12773.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12774
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12774$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12774$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA480.T54
=082  04$a669/.7322$223
=100  1\$aMurray, NGD,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMechanical and Physical Properties of Titanium-12Molybdenum-6Zirconium-2Iron Beta Titanium Alloy /$cNGD Murray, VR. Jablokov, HL. Freese.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b28
=520  3\$aHowmedica developed the Titanium-12Molybdenum-6Zirconium-2Iron beta titanium alloy (also known as TMZF® beta titanium alloy) in the late 1980s. Two patents were issued for this high strength, low modulus, ductile, biocompatible, titanium base alloy [1,2]. The mechanical properties for wrought machining and forging bar in ASTM F 1813 show higher tensile and yield strengths than Ti-6Al-4V ELI (ASTM F 136), the most widely used titanium grade for medical and surgical implant applications. According to the ASTM standard, the TMZF alloy also has improved ductility over Ti-6Al-4V ELI, which is to be expected when comparing beta and alpha+beta titanium alloys. TMZF alloy offers higher tensile strength and greater flexibility than Ti-6Al-4V alloy. Data are presented for semi-finished TMZF mill product forms in the solution-annealed condition. The influence of oxygen as an interstitial strengthening element is shown for Ti-12Mo-6Zr-2Fe and compared with common titanium alloys used in or being considered for use in the medical device industry.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMechanical strength.
=650  \0$aTiOsteum.
=650  \0$aOsseointegration.
=650  \0$aBeta titanium alloys.
=650  \0$aElastic modulus.
=650  \0$aTitanium alloys.
=650  14$aMetals (for surgical implants)
=650  24$aOrthopedic medical devices.
=650  24$aTitanium alloys.
=650  24$aBeta titanium alloys.
=650  24$aAlpha-beta titanium alloys.
=650  24$aTiOsteum.
=650  24$aOsseointegration.
=650  24$aMechanical strength.
=650  24$aElastic modulus.
=650  24$aTitanium/titanium alloy.
=650  24$aTitanium/titanium alloys (for surgical implants)
=650  24$aTMZF.
=700  1\$aJablokov, VR.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFreese, HL.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12774.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12775
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12775$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12775$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC173.458.C78
=082  04$a660/.284298$223
=100  1\$aHunter, G.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCreation of Oxidized Zirconium Orthopaedic Implants /$cG. Hunter, J. Dickinson, B. Herb, R. Graham.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b47
=520  3\$aMore demanding performance expectations for total joint arthroplasty are driving the development of alternative bearing materials. Oxidized zirconium was developed as an alternative to cobalt-chromium alloy for knee and hip femoral components in order to reduce wear of the polyethylene counterface and to address the needs of metal-sensitive patients. Oxidation in high temperature air transforms the metallic Zr-2.5Nb alloy surface into a stable, durable, low-friction oxide ceramic without creating the risk for brittle fracture associated with monolithic ceramic components. This presentation reviews aspects of this technology with a historical perspective, including standards for the zirconium alloy, non-medical applications for oxidized zirconium, and previous orthopaedic applications for zirconium. Manufacturing processes for oxidized zirconium components are described, beginning with refining of the zirconium from beach sand, to producing the alloy ingot and bar, to fabricating the component shape, and finally to oxidizing the surface and burnishing it to a smooth finish. Conditions are described for producing the oxide with excellent integrity, which is nominally 5 µm thick and predominantly monoclinic phase. The metal and oxide microstructures are characterized and related to the mechanical properties of the components and durability of the oxide. Laboratory hip and knee simulator tests are reviewed, which indicate that oxidized zirconium components reduce wear of the polyethylene counterface by 40–90 % depending on test conditions. As evidenced by promising early clinical experience, oxidized zirconium components have characteristics that provide an alternative to conventional cobalt-chromium components with an interchangeable surgical technique, while providing the potential for superior performance.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aDislocation loops.
=650  \0$aZirconia.
=650  \0$aZirconium.
=650  \0$aOxidation.
=650  \0$aJoint replacement.
=650  \0$aArthroplasty.
=650  14$aZirconium.
=650  24$aZirconia.
=650  24$aOxidation.
=650  24$aManufacturing processes.
=650  24$aAlternative bearing materials.
=650  24$aJoint replacement.
=650  24$aArthroplasty.
=700  1\$aDickinson, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHerb, B.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGraham, R.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12775.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12776
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12776$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12776$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA480.T54
=082  04$a669/.7322$223
=100  1\$aJablokov, VR.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aInfluence of Oxygen Content on the Mechanical Properties of Titanium-35Niobium-7Zirconium-5Tantalum Beta Titanium Alloy /$cVR. Jablokov, NGD Murray, HJ. Rack, HL. Freese.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b25
=520  3\$aTitanium-35Niobium-7Zirconium-5Tantalum beta titanium alloy (also known as TiOsteum® beta titanium alloy) is a new metallic biomaterial that was designed to have outstanding osseointegratabilty, good mechanical strength, improved ductility, very low elastic modulus, and good hot and cold workability [1]. In this study, mechanical property data are presented from several TiOsteum alloy production lots with ingot oxygen contents ranging from 0.05 to 0.68 %. Additionally, mill annealed mechanical property data collected over the last 10 to 15 years for the more common alpha, alpha-beta, and beta titanium alloys are presented as a function of oxygen content and compared to TiOsteum alloy. The influence of oxygen as an interstitial strengthening element is well established in titanium alloys. This study examines this effect over a broad range of oxygen values, and has significance for the application of the new TiOsteum alloy and other beta titanium alloys being considered for use in medical and surgical devices.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAlpha-beta titanium alloys.
=650  \0$aBeta titanium alloys.
=650  \0$aTitanium alloys.
=650  14$aMetals (for surgical implants)
=650  24$aOrthopedic medical devices.
=650  24$aTitanium alloys.
=650  24$aBeta titanium alloys.
=650  24$aAlpha-beta titanium alloys.
=700  1\$aMurray, NGD,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRack, HJ.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFreese, HL.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12776.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12777
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12777$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12777$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aR857.M37
=082  04$a610.28$223
=100  1\$aMedlin, DJ.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMetallurgical Attachment of a Porous Tantalum Foam to a Titanium Substrate for Orthopedic Applications /$cDJ. Medlin, J. Scrafton, R. Shetty.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b15
=520  3\$aA porous tantalum foam (Trabecular Metal™) has been successfully attached to a titanium substrate for an orthopedic acetabular cup application by two different methods: sintered powder processing and diffusion bond processing. A metallurgical evaluation of the interfaces between the tantalum foam and the titanium substrates has been performed, as well as long-term corrosion immersion tests to evaluate the susceptibility of the materials and design to crevice corrosion attack. The sintered powder attachment method used sprayed titanium powder at the interface between the tantalum foam and the titanium substrate. The assembly is sintered at high temperature to form a metallurgical bond between the sintered titanium powder and the titanium substrate and a predominately mechanical interlock between the sintered powder and the tantalum foam. The diffusion bond attachment process used time, pressure, and temperature to form a metallurgical bond between the tantalum foam and the titanium substrate by solid state diffusion. Both methods formed acceptable bond strengths with no evidence of corrosion attack from the corrosion immersion tests.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aTantalum$xtherapeutic use.
=650  \0$aMicrostructure.
=650  \0$aDiffusion bonding.
=650  \0$aSintering.
=650  \0$aTantalum foam.
=650  \0$aCorrosion.
=650  \0$aAcetabular cup.
=650  \0$aTitanium powder.
=650  \0$aOrthopedic implants.
=650  \0$aTitanium alloy.
=650  14$aTantalum foam.
=650  24$aTrabecular Metal™.
=650  24$aTitanium alloy.
=650  24$aCorrosion.
=650  24$aMicrostructure.
=650  24$aOrthopedic implants.
=650  24$aDiffusion bonding.
=650  24$aSintering.
=650  24$aTitanium powder.
=650  24$aAcetabular cup.
=700  1\$aScrafton, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aShetty, R.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12777.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12779
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12779$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12779$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA480.T54
=082  04$a620.1/89322$223
=100  1\$aMarquardt, B.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aBeta Titanium Alloy Processed for High Strength Orthopedic Applications /$cB. Marquardt, R. Shetty.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aThe general material requirements for Ti-15Mo have been standardized for surgical implant applications in ASTM F 2066 [1]. This particular standard is currently limited to one microstructural condition that is produced by beta solution treating and rapidly quenching the material to avoid the formation of alpha phase. When the alloy is processed in this way, it maintains a very high level of ductility but relatively low tensile and bending fatigue strengths. Since beta titanium alloys can be strengthened substantially by thermal processes that introduce alpha phase, it may be possible to adjust the microstructure to achieve a balance of properties that will meet the requirements for more highly stressed applications. Tensile and rotating beam fatigue data for several dual phase material conditions of Ti-15Mo indicate that the alloy can be strengthened substantially without introducing tensile notch sensitivity. However, it was necessary to use an alpha/beta annealing process and avoid beta solution treatment prior to aging at 480 °C to achieve this balance of properties. The potential benefits of alpha/beta processing appear to warrant expansion of ASTM F 2066 beyond the current beta solution treated and quenched condition.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMicrostructure.
=650  \0$aFatigue strength.
=650  \0$aBeta titanium.
=650  \0$aTensile properties.
=650  \0$aNotch sensitivity.
=650  14$aTi-15Mo.
=650  24$aBeta titanium.
=650  24$aFatigue strength.
=650  24$aNotch sensitivity.
=650  24$aTensile properties.
=650  24$aMicrostructure.
=650  24$aOrthopedic applications.
=650  24$aASTM F 2066.
=700  1\$aShetty, R.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12779.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12780
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12780$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12780$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA450
=082  04$a620.1/4046$223
=100  1\$aQazi, JI.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffect of Aging Treatments on the Tensile Properties of Ti-35Nb-7Zr-5Ta-(0.06–0.7)O Alloys /$cJI. Qazi, V. Tsakiris, B. Marquardt, HJ. Rack.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (19 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b23
=520  3\$aTi-35Nb-7Zr-5Ta rods containing 0.06, 0.46, and 0.68 wt.% oxygen were produced by vacuum arc melting and forging. These were solution treated (ST) and aged in the temperature range of 427–593°C for 8 h followed by air cooling. Increasing oxygen content increased the ST yield strength (YS) from 530 to 1081 MPa. The largest increase in YS, 630MPa, in ti-35Nb-7Zr-5Ta-0.06O observed after aging at 427°C was associated with ω phase precipitation. While the largest increases in YS, (1060 and 1288 MPa, in Ti-35Nb-7Zr-5Ta-0.46/0.68O) observed after aging at 482°C were associated with fine and somewhat inhomogeneous precipitation of the α phase, the tensile elongation remained above 8%. Aging at 538 or 593°C led to an increase in the inhomogeneity in α phase precipitation in Ti-35Nb-7Zr-5Ta-0.46/0.68O, precipitate free zones clearly being observed along with prior β grain boundaries, which served as preferred paths for early crack propagation and decreased tensile ductility.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAging.
=650  \0$aBiomaterials.
=650  \0$aMechanical properties.
=650  \0$aTitanium alloys.
=650  \0$aFractography.
=650  14$aBiomaterials.
=650  24$aTitanium alloys.
=650  24$aAging.
=650  24$aMechanical properties.
=650  24$aFractography.
=700  1\$aTsakiris, V.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMarquardt, B.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRack, HJ.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12780.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12781
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12781$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12781$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA480.T54
=082  04$a669/.7322$223
=100  1\$aKoike, M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMechanical Properties of Cast Ti-Fe-O-N Alloys /$cM. Koike, Q. Guo, M. Brezner, H. Fujii, T. Okabe.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b14
=520  3\$aA recent addition to existing titanium alloys is the Super-TIX™ series (Nippon Steel Corp., Japan), which has intermediate strength between the strengths of CP Ti and Ti-6Al-4V as a result of balancing the Fe, O, and N concentrations. Two alloys in this series were investigated: Ti-1%Fe-0.35%O-0.01%N (Super-TIX800™; LN) and Ti-1%Fe-0.3%O-0.04%N (Super-TIX800N™; HN). These alloys were are-melted and cast using an investment casting method, and their mechanical properties were examined. The yield strength (∼600 MPa) and tensile strength (∼680 MPa) were approximately 33 and 29% higher, respectively, than the corresponding strength of cast CP Ti (ASTM Grade 2). Their percent elongation was somewhat (but not significantly) higher (2–3 %) than that of Ti-6A-4V. On the other hand, the elongation of CP Ti was approximately 7 %. The moduli of elasticity of the alloys ranged from 100–120 GPa. These Ti-Fe-O-N alloys exhibit higher uniaxial yield and tensile strengths than CP Ti, which is currently used for dental applications.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aTitanium.
=650  \0$aMechanical properties.
=650  \0$aTitanium alloys.
=650  \0$aBiocompatibility.
=650  14$aTitanium.
=650  24$aTitanium alloys.
=650  24$aMechanical properties.
=650  24$aBiocompatibility.
=700  1\$aGuo, Q.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBrezner, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFujii, H.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aOkabe, T.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12781.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12782
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12782$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12782$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRK652.5
=082  04$a617.6/95$223
=100  1\$aWatanabe, I.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffect of Surface Reaction Layer on Three-Point Flexure Bond Strength of Resin Composite to Cast Ti and Ti-6Al-7Nb /$cI. Watanabe, J. Liu, A. Saimoto, J. Griggs, T. Okabe.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b23
=520  3\$aThis study investigated the effect of the α-case on the three-point flexure bond strength of resin composite to different thicknesses of cast CP Ti and Ti-6Al-7Nb. Cast plates (0.3, 0.5, and 0.7 mm thick) were prepared for each metal. Plates without α-case were also prepared for the 0.5 and 0.7 mm-thick CP Ti and Ti-6Al-7Nb. After resin composite was polymerized on the plates, the resin/metal specimens were subjected to three-point bending testing. The fracture force (N) and deflection (mm) at fracture were recorded. The fracture force of the specimens increased with increasing specimen thickness. Specimens without α-case withstood greater fracture force than specimens of either metal with α-case. CP Ti and Ti-6Al-7Nb without α-case deflected more than with α-case. The results suggested that the bonding between the veneer composite and thin cast structures (<0.5 mm) is likely to fail and that the surface reaction layer (α-case) should ideally be removed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aThree-point bending test.
=650  \0$aResin composite.
=650  \0$aCast titanium.
=650  \0$aTitanium alloy.
=650  14$aThree-point bending test.
=650  24$aResin composite.
=650  24$aCast titanium.
=650  24$aTitanium alloy.
=700  1\$aLiu, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSaimoto, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGriggs, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aOkabe, T.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12782.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12783
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12783$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12783$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA480.A6
=082  04$a620.1/8623$223
=100  1\$aOkazaki, Y.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCorrosion Resistance, Mechanical Properties, Fatigue Properties, and Tissue Response of Ti-15Zr-4Nb-4Ta Alloy /$cY. Okazaki, E. Gotoh.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b25
=520  3\$aTi, Zr, Nb, and Ta are biocompatible elements. A Ti-15Zr-4Ta-4Nb alloy for medical implants is being developed. In terms of in vitro cytocompatibility, the new bone tissue response to the Ti-15Zr-4Ta-4Nb alloy determined through rat tibia implantation was equal to or better than that to the Ti-6Al-4V alloy. An acceptable level of biological response can be expected when this alloy is used appropriately because it consists of biocompatible elements and has excellent biocompatibility, corrosion resistance, microstructure, and mechanical and fatigue properties. Therefore, the Ti-15Zr-4Ta-4Nb alloy with a low metal release rate is considered advantageous for long-term surgical implants.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aRat tibia implantation.
=650  \0$aBone tissue response.
=650  \0$aCorrosion resistance.
=650  \0$aMetal release.
=650  \0$aFatigue strength.
=650  \0$aMechanical properties.
=650  14$aCorrosion resistance.
=650  24$aMetal release.
=650  24$aMechanical properties.
=650  24$aFatigue strength.
=650  24$aRat tibia implantation.
=650  24$aBone tissue response.
=700  1\$aGotoh, E.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12783.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12785
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12785$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12785$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA462
=082  04$a620.1/1223$223
=100  1\$aScott Williamson, R.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aComparison of Stress Corrosion Cracking Characteristics of CP Ti, Ti-6Al-7Nb, Ti-6Al-4V, and Ti-15Mo /$cR. Scott Williamson, MD. Roach, LD. Zardiackas.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b15
=520  3\$aThe purpose of this research was to evaluate and compare the stress corrosion cracking (SCC) of Ti-15 Mo (ASTM F2066), Ti-6Al-7Nb (ASTM1295), Ti-6Al-4V ELI (ASTM F136), and Grade 4 CPTi (ASTM F67). Evaluation of alloy composition, microstructure, Vickers microhardness, and tensile properties was performed to determine compliance with the appropriate ASTM specification. For SCC testing, smooth tensile samples with a gauge length of 10 mm and a gauge diameter of 4 mm and notched samples with a notch root diameter of 4 mm (Kt=3.2) were prepared using low stress grinding procedures. Three smooth and three notched samples were tested in distilled H2O and Ringer's solution at 37°C. Testing was performed using the slow extension rate method at a stroke rate of 10−5 mm/s according to the guidelines established in ASTM G129. The ratio of the percent elongation (PER) and reduction of area (ROAR) of smooth and notched samples tested in Ringer's solution and distilled water were evaluated. The fracture surfaces of representative samples were also examined for fracture mode identification using SEM.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aStress-corrosion cracking.
=650  \0$aNotched.
=650  \0$aTitanium.
=650  14$aStress corrosion cracking.
=650  24$aTitanium.
=650  24$aNotched.
=700  1\$aRoach, MD.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aZardiackas, LD.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12785.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12786
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12786$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12786$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA450
=082  04$a620.1/4046$223
=100  1\$aRoach, MD.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aComparison of the Corrosion Fatigue Characteristics of CP Ti-Grade 4, Ti-6Al-4V ELI, Ti-6Al-7Nb, and Ti-15Mo /$cMD. Roach, RS. Williamson, LD. Zardiackas.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (19 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b17
=520  3\$aThe purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the corrosion fatigue (CF) characteristics of a series of titanium alloys including Grade 4 CP Ti (ASTM F 67), Ti-6Al-4V (ASTM F 136), Ti-6Al-7Nb (ASTM F 1295), and Ti-15 Mo (ASTM F 2066). Evaluation of alloy composition, microstructure, and Vicker's microhardness was performed to ensure that each material met the required specification. Smooth and notched CF tensile samples of each alloy were machined using low stress grind techniques and tested at 1Hz according to ASTM F 1801 in both Ringer's solution and distilled/deionized water at 37°C. Smooth CF samples had a 10 mm gauge length and a 2.5 mm gauge diameter, and notched CF samples had a 2.5 mm notch root diameter (Kt=3.2). A minimum of three samples was tested at five tension-tension sinusoidal load levels including a run-out level at 106 cycles. SEM analysis was performed on the fractured surfaces of representative samples of each alloy to characterize and compare the failure mechanisms.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCorrosion fatigue.
=650  \0$aTitanium.
=650  \0$aFractography.
=650  \0$aNotch sensitivity.
=650  14$aCorrosion fatigue.
=650  24$aTitanium.
=650  24$aNotch sensitivity.
=650  24$aFractography.
=700  1\$aWilliamson, RS.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aZardiackas, LD.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12786.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12787
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12787$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12787$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA439
=082  04$a620.1$223
=100  1\$aChen, C-T,$eauthor.
=245  10$aUsing Dynamic Rheology to Measure Cement-Admixture Interactions /$cC-T Chen, LJ. Struble, H. Zhang.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aThe objective of this study was to explore the effects of water-reducing admixtures on the flow behavior of cement pastes using small-amplitude oscillatory rheology. In this technique, a small shear force is applied to the specimen, the strain response is measured, and rheological parameters are calculated. Gelled suspensions exhibit high elastic modulus and yield stress values and dispersed suspensions exhibit low values. The high-range water-reducing admixture based on carboxylic acrylate ester (CAE) fully dispersed the four portland cements used in this study, while the admixture based on sulfonated naphthalene formaldehyde (SNF) dispersed only one of the cements and caused the other three to gel. Such gelation indicates cement-admixture incompatibility. At the same dosage, the CAE gave greater dispersion and more retardation of stiffening than the SNF when mixed with the same cement, but stiffening behaviors were more similar when the admixture dosages were adjusted to provide a similar initial elastic modulus. The incompatible cement-admixture combinations were dispersed when the admixture addition was delayed by a few minutes. Dispersion was also enhanced by increasing the shearing when mixing the paste.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aChemical compounds.
=650  \0$aTricalcium silicate.
=650  \0$aHydration.
=650  \0$aCement paste.
=650  \0$aStiffening.
=650  \0$aDelayed addition.
=650  \0$aElastic modulus.
=650  \0$aDynamic rheology.
=650  \0$aShear history.
=650  14$aCement paste.
=650  24$aDynamic rheology.
=650  24$aDelayed addition.
=650  24$aElastic modulus.
=650  24$aShear history.
=650  24$aStiffening.
=650  24$aHigh-range water-reducing admixture.
=700  1\$aStruble, LJ.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aZhang, H.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12787.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12789
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12789$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12789$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD139.P6
=082  04$a547/.84$223
=100  1\$aCollins, WJ.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDevelopment and Evaluation of a TG/DTA/Raman System /$cWJ. Collins, C. DuBois, R. Thomas Cambron, NL. Redman-Furey, AS. Bigalow Kern.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b15
=520  3\$aModification of a commercially available TG/DTA instrument enabled development of a working TG/DTA/Raman system. The TG/DTA was modified by replacing a portion of the furnace wall above the sample and reference holders with a double layer insulated quartz window. The quartz window provided ready access for Raman spectroscopy, enabling simultaneous collection of TGA, DTA, and Raman data during thermal analytical experiments. Insertion of the quartz glass window did not impact TGA or DTA performance as demonstrated by the comparison of baseline drift and temperature calibration for modified and unmodified furnaces.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aThermal Analysis.
=650  \0$aRaman Spectroscopy.
=650  14$aThermal Analysis.
=650  24$aTGA.
=650  24$aTG/DTA.
=650  24$aRaman.
=650  24$aRaman Spectroscopy.
=700  1\$aDuBois, C.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aThomas Cambron, R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRedman-Furey, NL.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBigalow Kern, AS.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12789.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12790
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12790$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12790$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTS1892
=082  04$a620.1/94$223
=100  1\$aKern, ASB,$eauthor.
=245  10$aUse of a TG/DTA/Raman System to Monitor Dehydration and Phase Conversions /$cASB Kern, WJ. Collins, RT. Cambron, NL. Redman-Furey.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b27
=520  3\$aUse of a TG/DTA/Raman system enabled real time collection of Raman spectra during the dehydration of Risedronate, the active pharmaceutical ingredient in the osteoporosis drug Actonel. Raman spectra collected during the dehydration of this material show a crystal lattice adjustment below the boiling point of water facilitating interpretation of the TG/DTA thermal profile. Raman spectra also revealed recrystallization processes subsequent to loss of lattice water that were not evident in the thermal analysis profile. Spectral evidence showing the formation and disappearance of a second hydrate form are observed during the dehydration of this material. In addition, spectral evidence indicating the presence of an anhydrate form of this material are observed prior to thermal induced degradation of this material.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHydration state.
=650  \0$aThermal Analysis.
=650  \0$aRaman Spectroscopy.
=650  14$aThermal Analysis.
=650  24$aTGA.
=650  24$aTG/DTA.
=650  24$aRaman.
=650  24$aRaman Spectroscopy.
=650  24$aHydration state.
=700  1\$aCollins, WJ.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aCambron, RT.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRedman-Furey, NL.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12790.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12791
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12791$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12791$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTD883
=082  04$a690$223
=100  1\$aRedman-Furey, NL.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Role of TGA-DTA in the Initial Evaluation of the Solid State Forms for Pharmaceutical New Chemical Entities, Part 1 :$bEvaluation of Pure Forms /$cNL. Redman-Furey, ML. Dicks, J. Godlweski, DC. Vaughn, WJ. Collins.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aTGA-DTA plays a central role in the strategy outlined for early evaluation of the solid state forms available to pharmaceutical new chemical entities. At this early stage of development, compound and time are typically at a premium, so a successful strategy requires making the best possible use of the materials and time available. In addition, because of time and compound limitations, the goal of a solid state investigation is focused upon early stage objectives rather than development of a complete understanding of all available solid state forms. The TGA-DTA is well suited to addressing these needs.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHydrate.
=650  \0$aPharmaceutical.
=650  \0$aThermal analysis.
=650  \0$aHygroscopicity.
=650  14$aTGA.
=650  24$aDTA.
=650  24$aHydrate.
=650  24$aThermal analysis.
=650  24$aHygroscopicity.
=650  24$aPharmaceutical.
=700  1\$aDicks, ML.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGodlweski, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aVaughn, DC.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aCollins, WJ.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12791.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12792
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12792$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12792$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQP801.P56
=082  04$a616.716061$223
=100  1\$aRedman-Furey, NL.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Role of TGA-DTA in the Initial Evaluation of the Solid State Forms for Pharmaceutical New Chemical Entities, Part 2 :$bEvaluation of Mixed Forms /$cNL. Redman-Furey, ML. Dicks, J. Godlweski, DC. Vaughn, WJ. Collins.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b6
=520  3\$aTGA-DTA plays a central role in the strategy outlined for early evaluation of the solid state forms available to pharmaceutical new chemical entities. Understanding of the solid state forms becomes more difficult when individual samples present as mixed forms, especially when it is not immediately recognized that the samples represent a mixture. In this study, TGA-DTA, in combination with light microscopy and powder X-ray diffraction, provided immediate evidence that samples represented mixed solid state forms. The initial assessment was made using as little as 5 mg of sample. Hygroscopicity challenges provided further proof for mixed forms. To make a definite assignment of the solid state forms present, isolation of pure phases of the suspected individual forms was necessary. Success of this testing strategy is illustrated using an example of mixed salt stoichiometry and mixed hydration states. A hierarchy is suggested for efficient isolation efforts when a complex mixture of solid state samples is present.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHydrate.
=650  \0$aRisedronate.
=650  \0$aPharmaceutical.
=650  \0$aThermal analysis.
=650  \0$aHygroscopicity.
=650  14$aTGA.
=650  24$aDTA.
=650  24$aHydrate.
=650  24$aThermal analysis.
=650  24$aHygroscopicity.
=650  24$aPharmaceutical.
=650  24$aRisedronate.
=700  1\$aDicks, ML.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGodlweski, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aVaughn, DC.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aCollins, WJ.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12792.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12794
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12794$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12794$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aUG447
=082  04$a623.4/59/072073$223
=100  1\$aSlough, CG.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aQuantitative Mass Measurements from Mass Spectrometer Trend Data in a TG/MS System /$cCG. Slough.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b7
=520  3\$aThe use of mass spectrometry (MS) in the identification of evolved gaseous species in thermogravimetric (TG) experiments is well established. The mass spectrometer can be attached directly to the outgas port of the thermogravimetric instrument. Mass spectrometers have the ability to detect species to 1 ppm or better, and the detection is done in real time as the TGA scans. Typically, the mass spectrometer is used for identification only. However, there are situations where it would be desirable to quantify the MS data. For example, when two or more species are evolved during a weight transition, the total weight loss is known from the TGA, but the weights for the individual components are unknown. Calibration techniques for quantifying MS data are already well established. Following one of these techniques, we show that trend data from a mass spectrometer can be used to approximate the amount of material evolved for low m/e ratio species such as water and carbon dioxide. The process involves first calibrating the system using a sample that only gives off the gaseous species of interest. Multiple runs at different initial weights provide the data for the calibration. A correlation between mass loss as measured by the TGA and ion current increase as measured by the MS is then constructed. In this study, the technique is applied not only to overlapping transitions but also to the quantification of reaction products from gases released during a TGA experiment. An attempt is also made to quantify the accuracy of the technique.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMass Spectrometry.
=650  \0$aThermogravimetry.
=650  14$aThermogravimetry.
=650  24$aMass Spectrometry.
=650  24$aCompositional Analysis.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12794.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12795
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12795$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12795$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQA76.76.C672
=082  04$a794.815265$223
=100  1\$aArtiaga, R.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSeparation of Overlapping Processes from TGA Data and Verification by EGA /$cR. Artiaga, R. Cao, S. Naya, B. González-Martín, JL. Mier, A. García.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b20
=520  3\$aA typical problem when analyzing the kinetics by dynamic TGA of polymer degradation consists in that different models can fit equally well, or the model does not fit the TGA data. It has been suggested that this is due to the presence of overlapping processes. High resolution TGA helps to clarify the problem in some cases, but in many other cases the problem remains unsolved. In this work, a dynamic TGA curve showing overlapping processes of degradation, typical of polymer thermal degradation, is fitted by a multiple logistic regression model. The regression function is a mixture of logistic functions where each single logistic function is weighed by a factor that represents the amount of the sample that takes place in the process represented by that function. A software program was developed to fit the data to the logistic mixture model by estimation of the parameter values. Additionally, the correlation of parameter estimates was performed by the S-Plus software. The regression was performed so that the best fitting shows the number of single decomposition processes that take place along the experiment, even if they are overlapping. Other parameters have the physical meaning of mass loss rate and position of the process in the time or temperature domain. The study of the correlations of parameter estimates gives a new insight on how each component fits a logistic model. The parameters obtained describe the kinetic of the processes in a form totally independent of the Arrhenius model. The separation of processes allows for analysis of each single process by classical methods. Although the model is mathematically supported, verification was done by comparing the results with the FTIR spectra obtained from the gases evolved along the experiment. The FTIR analysis of the gases evolved from a TGA experiment confirms that the logistic mixture model is suitable to analyze a dynamic TGA trace. It was also found that the logistic mixture model is suitable to separate single components from FTIR spectra. Some differences were found in the location of the components along the time axis, comparing DTG and FTIR data. In the FTIR, the separated peaks are broader and appear shifted to longer times. It can be attributed to the delay and mixing of components that may occur during the gas carriage from the TGA furnace to the FTIR detector.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aLogistic.
=650  \0$aFitting.
=650  \0$aOverlapping.
=650  \0$aSmoothing.
=650  \0$aSeparation.
=650  14$aFitting.
=650  24$aTGA.
=650  24$aLogistic.
=650  24$aOverlapping.
=650  24$aSeparation.
=650  24$aSmoothing.
=700  1\$aCao, R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNaya, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGonzález-Martín, B.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMier, JL.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGarcía, A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12795.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12797
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12797$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12797$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.9.N35N247472013
=082  04$a620.118$223
=100  1\$aBilyeu, B.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCharacterization Of Epoxy Curing Using High Heating Rate DSC /$cB. Bilyeu, W. Brostow, KP. Menard.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b18
=520  3\$aTwo common techniques to characterize the curing reaction of an epoxy as a function of time and temperature are heat of reaction and the shift in glass transition. These techniques can both be performed by Differential Scanning Calorimetry. However, both techniques share a common limitation, namely that the curing exotherm may occur during the ramp to isothermal temperature or may overlap with the glass transition event. Since the curing reaction and thus the exotherm is a kinetic event, it is rate dependent. As faster rates are used, the scan can be completed before the onset of the reaction. In an isothermal heat of reaction study, the material can be brought to temperature fast enough that the curing reaction does not begin until it is at temperature. Also, since the glass transition can be measured at high scanning rates, it can be measured before the curing reaction begins. At 100°C/min, the two overlapping events are separated, whereas at 200°C/min, the curing does not occur in the temperature range studied. The glass transition temperature can be measured without affecting the degree of cure, or the exotherm can be shifted to separate it from the glass transition for accurate measurement of enthalpy and the glass transition.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aDifferential scanning calorimetry.
=650  \0$aExotherm.
=650  \0$aGlass transition.
=650  \0$aSeparation.
=650  \0$aEpoxy.
=650  14$aEpoxy.
=650  24$aDifferential scanning calorimetry.
=650  24$aExotherm.
=650  24$aSeparation.
=650  24$aGlass transition.
=700  1\$aBrostow, W.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMenard, KP.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12797.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12800
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12800$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12800$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC176.8.N35
=082  04$a620/.5$223
=100  1\$aSlough, CG.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPhoto Thermal Micro-Spectroscopy — A New Method for Infared Analysis of Materials /$cCG. Slough, A. Hammiche, M. Reading, HM. Pollock.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aMany modern materials are composite structures with complex morphologies that play a large role in determining the material function. The ability to investigate the relationship between structure and property on a microscopic scale can play a crucial role in material development. Micro-Thermal Analysis (μTA)™ is a unique set of analytical techniques for characterizing materials on a micrometer and nanometer scale. Micro-TA combines the imaging power of atomic force microscopy with the ability to analyze physical, mechanical, thermal, and chemical characteristics at a specific point of interest on the surface of a material. At the heart of the technique is a miniaturized thermal probe. In a new technique termed Photo Thermal Micro-Spectroscopy (PTMS), this thermal probe is used to detect temperature fluctuations in samples that have been irradiated by IR radiation. A Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectrum can be constructed from this information. This paper describes the PTMS technique and discusses recent applications.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAtomic Force Microscopy.
=650  \0$aScanning Thermal Microscopy.
=650  \0$aPhotothermal.
=650  \0$aInfared Microscopy.
=650  \0$aInfared Spectroscopy.
=650  \0$aMicrospectroscopy.
=650  14$aAtomic Force Microscopy.
=650  24$aScanning Thermal Microscopy.
=650  24$aPhotothermal.
=650  24$aInfared Spectroscopy.
=650  24$aInfared Microscopy.
=650  24$aFT-IR.
=650  24$aMicrospectroscopy.
=700  1\$aHammiche, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aReading, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPollock, HM.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12800.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12809
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12809$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12809$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA462
=082  04$a620.1/1223$223
=100  1\$aZardiackas, LD.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aComparison of Stress Corrosion Cracking and Corrosion Fatigue (Anodized and Non-Anodized Grade 4 CP Ti) /$cLD. Zardiackas, MD. Roach, RS. Williamson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (17 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b33
=520  3\$aIn light of the possible effects of anodization on stress corrosion cracking (SCC) and corrosion fatigue (CF) of CP titanium, a research project has been completed recently in our laboratories to evaluate and compare SCC and CF of anodized versus non-anodized samples from a single lot of Grade 4 CPTi. Initial evaluation of alloy composition, microstructure, Vickers microhardness, and mechanical properties including the tensile and yield strength, % elongation and reduction of area was performed. After these tests ensured the material met the standards of ASTM Standard Specification for Unalloyed Titanium for Surgical Implant Applications (F 67), samples were prepared using low stress grinding techniques. Samples were divided into two groups, and the non-anodized SCC and CF testing was initiated. The surface of the second group of samples was anodized by Synthes to provide a green/gold surface consistent with standard production processing and then tested using the identical methodology as used for the non-anodized samples.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMetals$xCorrosion fatigue.
=650  \0$aCorrosion fatigue.
=650  \0$aAnodization.
=650  \0$aNotch sensitivity.
=650  14$aAnodization.
=650  24$aStress corrosion cracking.
=650  24$aCorrosion fatigue.
=650  24$aNotch sensitivity.
=650  24$aCP titanium.
=700  1\$aRoach, MD.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWilliamson, RS.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12809.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12810
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12810$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12810$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA480.T54
=082  04$a669/.7322$223
=100  1\$aUrban, RM.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCorrosion of Modular Titanium Alloy Stems in Cementless Hip Replacement /$cRM. Urban, JL. Gilbert, JJ. Jacobs.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aSevere, localized corrosion of titanium-alloy femoral stems has been reported for specific designs of hip prostheses intended for fixation using acrylic cement. The purpose of the present study was to examine the possibility that corrosion might also occur when titanium-alloy stems are inserted without cement, but the body of the stem is modular in design. Fourteen (7 primary and 7 revision) cementless, modular-body, titanium-6% aluminum-4% vanadium alloy femoral stems of similar design were removed at revision surgery after 2 to 108 months in situ. The reason for removal was unexplained pain (4), femoral or acetabular loosening (4), infection (3), recurrent dislocation (2), or component malposition (1). The devices and, in selected cases, tissue from the joint psuedocapsule were studied with the use of light and scanning electron microscopy. Fretting corrosion products were characterized using energy dispersive x-ray analysis, selected area diffraction, and micro-Raman spectroscopy. Damage at the modular body connections was absent in 3 stems, mild in 6, moderate in 4, and severe in 1. The surface damage was characterized predominately by fretting scars and by pitting and etching. Thick deposits of mixed titanium oxides were found adherent to the stem at the sites of corrosion and as 0.01 to 200 micrometer particles within histiocytes and multinucleated giant cells in the joint pseudocapsule. Fretting corrosion at the modular-body junctions of titanium-alloy femoral stems can generate solid degradation products, adding to the particulate burden of the periprosthetic tissues and potentially accelerating bearing-surface wear by a third-body mechanism. Both of these features can potentiate the development and progression of osteolysis. In addition, fretting corrosion can increase the potential for structural failure of the device. These findings stress the importance of the design of modular junctions to minimize corrosion and the generation of corrosion products.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aTitanium alloys.
=650  \0$aFretting.
=650  \0$aTitanium.
=650  \0$aCorrosion.
=650  \0$aMetal ions.
=650  \0$aParticulate debris.
=650  \0$aModularity.
=650  14$aTitanium.
=650  24$aCorrosion.
=650  24$aFretting.
=650  24$aModularity.
=650  24$aParticulate debris.
=650  24$aMetal ions.
=700  1\$aGilbert, JL.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aJacobs, JJ.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12810.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12812
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12812$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12812$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA480.Z65
=082  04$a620.1/89352$223
=100  1\$aYamokoski, EA.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aInfluence of Exposure Conditions on Bacterial Adhesion to Zirconium Alloys /$cEA. Yamokoski, BW. Buczynski, N. Stojilovic, JW. Seabolt, LM. Bloe, R. Foster, N. Zito, MM. Kory, RP. Steiner, RD. Ramsier.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b15
=520  3\$aIn this paper we combine surface analytical techniques (X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy, optical and electron microscopy) with viable counts and statistical ANOVA methods to determine the propensity for biological adhesion on zirconium alloy surfaces. We compare the adhesion of laboratory and clinical strains of Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa to Zircaloy-2 and Zircadyne-705 materials. Thermal oxidation of the alloys prior to exposure to biological species is also investigated. We present data for 72-h incubation of bacteria and alloys in both shaken and stationary environments. The results of our statistical analysis and experimental observations are relevant to the use of zirconium-based materials for biomedical applications.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aZirconium Alloy.
=650  \0$aBacterial adhesion.
=650  \0$aZirconium alloys.
=650  \0$aOptical microscopy.
=650  14$aZirconium alloys.
=650  24$aBacterial adhesion.
=650  24$aANOVA.
=650  24$aXPS.
=650  24$aFTIR.
=650  24$aSEM.
=650  24$aOptical microscopy.
=700  1\$aBuczynski, BW.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aStojilovic, N.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSeabolt, JW.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBloe, LM.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFoster, R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aZito, N.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKory, MM.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSteiner, RP.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRamsier, RD.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12812.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12814
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12814$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12814$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRD549
=082  04$a617.5/810592$223
=100  1\$aSprecher, CM.,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Methodology to Fabricate Titanium and Stainless Steel Wear Debris for Experimental Use :$bA Comparison of Size, Shape, and Chemistry /$cCM. Sprecher, J. Kunze, B. Burian, N. Villinger, JJ. Jacobs, E. Schneider, MA. Wimmer.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b15
=520  3\$aIt is well established that particulate debris can cause osteolysis. The current paper describes a simple procedure to generate titanium and stainless steel particulates for in vitro and in vivo use.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aStainless steel.
=650  \0$aTitanium.
=650  \0$aHip prostheses.
=650  14$aWear.
=650  24$aParticle characterization.
=650  24$aTitanium.
=650  24$aStainless steel.
=650  24$aHip prostheses.
=700  1\$aKunze, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBurian, B.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aVillinger, N.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aJacobs, JJ.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSchneider, E.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWimmer, MA.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12814.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12817
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12817$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12817$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC173.458.C78
=082  04$a660/.284298$223
=100  1\$aHallab, NJ.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aZirconium and Niobium Affect Human Osteoblasts, Fibroblasts, and Lymphocytes in a Similar Manner to More Traditional Implant Alloy Metals /$cNJ. Hallab, S. Anderson, M. Caicedo, JJ. Jacobs.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b41
=520  3\$aImplant debris remains the major factor limiting the longevity of total joint replacements. Whether soluble implant debris of Zr and Nb containing implant alloys constitute a greater risk than other implant metals remains unknown. We evaluated the relative effects of soluble forms of Zr+4 and Nb+5 (0.001–10.0 mM) relative to Cr+3, Mo+5, Al+3, Co+2, Ni+2, Fe+3, Cu+2, Mn+2, Mg+2, Na+2, and V+3 chloride solutions on human peri-implant cells (i.e., osteoblast-like MG-63 cells, fibroblasts, and lymphocytes). Metals were ranked using a 50% decrease in proliferation and viability to determine toxic concentrations. Lymphocytes, fibroblasts, and osteoblasts were, generally, similarly affected by metals where the most toxic metals, Co, Ni, Nb, and V required <1.0 mM to induce toxicity. Less toxic metals Al, Cr, Fe, Mo, and Zr generally required >1.0 mM challenge to produce toxicity. Overall, Co and V were the most toxic metals tested, thus Zr and Nb containing implant alloys would not likely be more toxic than traditional implant alloys. Below concentrations of 0.1 mM, neither Zr nor Nb reduced osteoblast, lymphocyte, or fibroblast proliferation. Zr was generally an order of magnitude less toxic than Nb to lymphocytes, fibroblasts, and osteoblasts. Our results indicated that soluble Zr and Nb resulting from implant degradation likely act in a metal- and concentration-specific manner capable of producing adverse local and remote tissue responses to the same degree as metals from traditional implant alloys, e.g., Ti-6Al-4V (ASTM F 138) and Co-Cr-Mo alloys (ASTM F 75)
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aNiobium.
=650  \0$aZirconium.
=650  \0$aFibroblasts.
=650  \0$aLymphocytes.
=650  \0$aMetal ions.
=650  \0$aOsteoblasts.
=650  \0$aToxicity.
=650  14$aZirconium.
=650  24$aNiobium.
=650  24$aOsteoblasts.
=650  24$aLymphocytes.
=650  24$aFibroblasts.
=650  24$aMetal ions.
=650  24$aToxicity.
=700  1\$aAnderson, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aCaicedo, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aJacobs, JJ.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12817.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12818
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12818$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12818$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aR857.T57
=082  04$a610.28/4$223
=100  1\$aNiinomi, M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSuper Elastic Functional β Titanium Alloy with Low Young's Modulus for Biomedical Applications /$cM. Niinomi, T. Akahori, Y. Hattori, K. Morikaw, T. Kasuga, H. Fukui, A. Suzuki, K. Kyo, S. Niwa.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b15
=520  3\$aThe low modulus β type titanium alloy, Ti-29Nb-13Ta-4.6Zr, was designed, and then the practical level ingot of the alloy was successfully fabricated by Levicast method. The mechanical and biological compatibilities, and super elastic behavior of the alloys were investigated in this study. The mechanical performance of tensile properties and fatigue strength of the alloy are equal to or greater than those of conventional biomedical Ti-6Al-4V ELI. Young's modulus of the alloy is much lower than that of Ti-6Al-4V ELI, and increases with the precipitation of α phase or ω phase in the β matrix phase. The compatibility of the alloy with bone is excellent. Low modulus of the alloy is effective to enhance the healing of bone fracture and remodeling of bone. Super elastic behavior is observed in Ti-29Nb-13Ta-4.6Zr conducted with short time solution treatment after heavy cold working. Total elastic strain in that case is around 2.8 %. The mechanism of the super elastic behavior of Ti-29Nb-13Ta-4.6Zr is still unclear.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aTitanium alloys.
=650  \0$aLow modulus.
=650  \0$aBiocompatibility.
=650  14$aTi-29Nb-13Ta-4.6Zr.
=650  24$aβ-type titanium alloy.
=650  24$aLow modulus.
=650  24$aBiomedical application.
=650  24$aBiocompatibility.
=650  24$aSuper elastic behavior.
=700  1\$aAkahori, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHattori, Y.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMorikaw, K.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKasuga, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFukui, H.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSuzuki, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKyo, K.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNiwa, S.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12818.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12820
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12820$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12820$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD116.I57
=082  04$a543/.4$223
=100  1\$aBojinov, M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aIn-Situ Studies of the Oxide Film Properties on BWR Fuel Cladding Materials /$cM. Bojinov, L. Hansson-Lyyra, P. Kinnunen, T. Saario, P. Sirkiä.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b35
=520  3\$aThe pre-transition oxides formed on five different types of Zircaloy-2 alloys have been characterized in-situ using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) in high-temperature water simulating BWR conditions at 300°C. The contribution of the oxide film properties to the impedance spectra has been distinguished from the contribution of the corrosion reaction by performing additional EIS measurements in a gas atmosphere. To obtain a correlation between the oxide film thickness, the oxide growth rate, and the impedance parameters, the EIS data have been fitted to the transfer functions derived from the Mixed Conduction Model for oxide films. As a result, the oxide growth rate of each alloy has been calculated assuming that the growth rate is proportional to the flux of oxygen vacancies through the film. The values of the oxide film thickness based on the model calculations have proved to be in good agreement with the values measured from the cross-section micrographs of the specimens using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The measured corrosion properties have been qualitatively correlated to the secondary phase particle distributions of the five fuel cladding materials. However, to establish a quantitative correlation between the corrosion rates and the second phase particle distributions of these alloys, more data on the microstructure of the metal-oxide interface are needed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aElectrochemical impedance spectroscopy.
=650  \0$aSecond phase particle distribution.
=650  \0$aOxide growth.
=650  \0$aCorrosion.
=650  14$aZircaloy-2.
=650  24$aCorrosion.
=650  24$aOxide growth.
=650  24$aSecond phase particle distribution.
=650  24$aElectrochemical impedance spectroscopy.
=700  1\$aHansson-Lyyra, L.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKinnunen, P.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSaario, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSirkiä, P.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12820.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12822
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12822$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12822$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA404.6
=082  04$a620.11$223
=100  1\$aZhang, H.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPrediction of Effective Stiffness of a Cross-Ply Laminate with Transverse Matrix Cracks /$cH. Zhang, L. Minnetyan.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b20
=520  3\$aA theoretical model based on the stationary value of total potential energy has been proposed to evaluate effective elastic constants in a cross-ply laminate with transverse matrix cracks. The method is based on the principle of minimum total potential energy. In the model, displacement fields and stress components satisfy the boundary and continuity conditions. Crack geometry is based on general functional minimization rather than assumed shape functions. Moreover, the crack shape is shown to be a function of crack density. The changes in stiffness reduction are examined theoretically. Predicted results are compared with test data.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aTransverse matrix cracks.
=650  \0$aCross-ply laminate.
=650  \0$aStiffness reduction.
=650  \0$aEffective stiffness.
=650  \0$aEnergy methods.
=650  \0$aResidual stiffness.
=650  \0$aCrack density.
=650  14$aEffective stiffness.
=650  24$aTransverse matrix cracks.
=650  24$aCrack density.
=650  24$aEnergy methods.
=650  24$aCross-ply laminate.
=650  24$aStiffness reduction.
=650  24$aResidual stiffness.
=700  1\$aMinnetyan, L.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12822.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12823
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12823$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12823$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC610.6
=082  04$a620.11297$223
=100  1\$aSreedeep, S.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEstimating Unsaturated Hydraulic Conductivity of Fine-Grained Soils Using Electrical Resistivity Measurements /$cS. Sreedeep, DN. Singh.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b39
=520  3\$aThis paper presents a methodology that can be used for easily and rapidly estimating unsaturated hydraulic conductivity of fine-grained soils. The basis of this methodology is that the flow of fluid through a porous media is analogous to the flow of a current through a medium subjected to the electrical potential. Hence, soil hydraulic conductivity can be determined by knowing the soil's electrical resistivity corresponding to different states of compaction. However, as hydraulic conductivity of the soil depends on the suction, which in turn depends on the water content and composition, electrical resistivity can be related to hydraulic conductivity. To demonstrate the usefulness of this methodology, data of two very well characterized fine-grained soils have been used.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aElectrical Resistivity.
=650  \0$aEstimation.
=650  \0$aSuction.
=650  \0$aFine-grained soils.
=650  14$aFine-grained soils.
=650  24$aElectrical resistivity.
=650  24$aSuction.
=650  24$aUnsaturated hydraulic conductivity.
=650  24$aEstimation.
=700  1\$aSingh, DN.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12823.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12824
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12824$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12824$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN752.Q4
=082  04$a672.3/6$223
=100  1\$aKobasko, NI.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSteel Superstrengthening Phenomenon /$cNI. Kobasko.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b15
=520  3\$aThis paper deals with the discovered property of additional steel strengthening (superstrengthening), which is observed at high cooling rates within the martensite range. It has been shown that the cooling intensification before the martensite start (Ms) does not result in the additional strengthening of the martensite structure of the material. Only over-critical high cooling rates within the martensite range gives positive effect. This discovered property can be used in practice at two-stage quenching. At the first stage the parts of alloy steels are cooled slowly to avoid distortion and cracks, and at the second stage the parts are cooled at the maximum cooling rate to get the effect of additional strengthening of material, which has the martensite structure. In this case the second stage and part's washing may be a single process.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aDensity of dislocations.
=650  \0$aAdditional strengthening.
=650  \0$aService life.
=650  \0$aIntensive quenching.
=650  \0$aSuperstrengthening.
=650  \0$aNew methods.
=650  14$aIntensive quenching.
=650  24$aDensity of dislocations.
=650  24$aAdditional strengthening.
=650  24$aSuperstrengthening.
=650  24$aImproved plastic properties.
=650  24$aService life.
=650  24$aNew methods.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12824.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12828
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12828$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12828$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQP105
=082  04$a612.1$223
=100  1\$aEscobar Jaramillo, EF.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aRheological 3-D Modeling of Scuffing for the EP-Additive Condition /$cEF. Escobar Jaramillo, CE. Escobar López.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (24 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b37
=520  3\$aA rheology-based new model for predicting the scuffing limit in heavily loaded contacts, concerned especially with effects of EP-Additive Oil (Antiwearbasis Sulfure phosphore Zinc Nitrogen and Zincdithio phosphare) is developed here. The theoretical framework is sustained on the main assumption that all of the effects of additives can be modeled by the use of a combined friction-temperature variable, introduced in the theoretical known Blok's calculating criterion. The analytical step-jump method3 is used to expand the rearranged form of Blok's Flash Temperature expression, to yield a constitutive integral equation in order to describe a generalized friction process. The particular solution found is assumed to be representative for the rheological behavior of contacts, in the Additive Containing Condition (ACC), thus representing the linear step response contribution of protective layers due to tribochemical action. The improvement of the scuffing capacity with speed is influenced radically by the derived thermorheological friction-function, which at least turns out to be explicitly a function of the sliding speed. Physically, the friction-function represents the rheological response of the lubricated contact to the operating conditions. Mathematically, it is equivalent to the relaxation modulus in viscoelasticity. Thereafter, the scuffing capacity depends on the sliding speed as a dominant variable and markedly on two experimental response coefficients containing all the tribology of the model. Additionally, a short and economical method for determining experimentally the scuffing limit is suggested for the FZG-rig [33]. This study is concerned with Blok's calculating method and its extension to the ACC [3] and also with the view to incorporate the model into a code to form a general predictive capability for the design of gearing [25].
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aScuffing.
=650  \0$aRheology.
=650  \0$aTribology.
=650  \0$aViscoelasticity.
=650  14$aScuffing.
=650  24$aRheology.
=650  24$aTribology.
=650  24$aViscoelasticity.
=700  1\$aEscobar López, CE.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12828.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12829
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12829$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12829$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK7872.F5
=082  04$a621.3828$223
=100  1\$aRathgeber, A.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAcoustic ‘Distributed Source’ Mixing of Smallest Fluid Volumes /$cA. Rathgeber, M. Wassermeier, A. Wixforth.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b8
=520  3\$aAcoustically driven mixing of small fluid volumes is reported. Using surface acoustic waves on a mixer chip and employing wave guiding effects in a substrate enables us to distribute a set of “virtual sources” for acoustic streaming over large areas. We demonstrate the applicability of our mixing technique to microarray applications, for mixing of individual wells in a micro titer plate, and other state-of-the-art hybridization assays.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAcoustic surface wave filters.
=650  \0$aMixing.
=650  \0$aAcoustic agitation.
=650  \0$aBiochips.
=650  \0$aMicrofluidics.
=650  14$aMicrofluidics.
=650  24$aAcoustic agitation.
=650  24$aMixing.
=650  24$aSurface acoustic waves.
=650  24$aBiochips.
=700  1\$aWassermeier, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWixforth, A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12829.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12833
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12833$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12833$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK9001
=082  04$a621.48$223
=245  00$aErratum/Correction to :$bInvestigation of Burning Iron in Oxygen-Enriched Atmospheres through Microanalysis Techniques.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (1 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references.
=520  3\$aErratum/Correction to: Investigation of Burning Iron in Oxygen-Enriched Atmospheres through Microanalysis Techniques.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aElectrical and Electronic Engineering.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12833.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12835
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12835$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12835$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRD78.6
=082  04$a617.9/6$223
=100  1\$aPassman, FJ.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aASTM Symposium on the Recovery and Enumeration of Mycobacteria from the Metalworking Fluid Environment /$cFJ. Passman.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b40
=520  3\$aSince 1994, when the first documented hypersensitivity pneumonitis cluster was reported at a metalworking plant, there have been approximately 200 diagnosed cases of hypersensitivity pneumonitis within the metalworking industry. Although there are a variety of bacterial and fungal etiologic agents associated with hypersensitivity pneumonitis, metalworking industry stakeholders have focused their attention on a hypothesis that links Mycobacterium immunogenum exposure to the disease.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMycobacteria.
=650  \0$aDisease.
=650  \0$aHealth.
=650  \0$aImmunogenum.
=650  \0$aMetalworking fluids.
=650  \0$aPneumonitis.
=650  \0$aHypersensitivity.
=650  \0$aImmunology.
=650  \0$aMicrobiology.
=650  14$aHypersensitivity.
=650  24$aPneumonitis.
=650  24$aMycobacteria.
=650  24$aMetalworking fluids.
=650  24$aHealth.
=650  24$aImmunogenum.
=650  24$aDisease.
=650  24$aImmunology.
=650  24$aMicrobiology.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12835.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12838
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12838$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12838$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQH541.15.R4
=082  04$a623.4/590287$223
=100  1\$aReponen, T.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffect of Microbial Contamination of Water-Based Metalworking Fluids on the Aerosolization of Particles and Microbial Fragments /$cT. Reponen, HX. Wang, SA. Grinshpun.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b17
=520  3\$aAerosolization of particles from metalworking fluids (MWFs) was studied using a laboratory-scale set-up that simulates grinding operations. Semi-synthetic MWF and soluble oil were contaminated with Pseudomonas fluorescens, and the aerosolized particles were measured using a photometric mass monitor, optical particle counter, and a condensation nucleus counter. Microbial contamination of both semi-synthetic MWF and soluble oil increased the mass concentration as measured by the photometric aerosol mass monitor and the fine particle number concentration as measured by the condensation nucleus counter. These effects were seen most clearly for the fine size range of particles aerosolized from contaminated semi-synthetic MWF. Endotoxin results indicate that the increase in the fine particle concentration occurs at least partially due to the increase in the microbial cell wall components (fragments)
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBacteria fine particles.
=650  \0$aMetalworking fluid.
=650  \0$aBioaerosol.
=650  \0$aFragments.
=650  14$aMetalworking fluid.
=650  24$aBioaerosol.
=650  24$aBacteria fine particles.
=650  24$aFragments.
=700  1\$aWang, HX.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGrinshpun, SA.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12838.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12839
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12839$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12839$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTJ1077
=082  04$a671$223
=100  1\$aYadav, JS.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEnhanced Recovery and Real-Time PCR Based Quantification of Mycobacteria from Metalworking Fluids /$cJS. Yadav, SB. Selvaraju, IUH Khan.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (18 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b23
=520  3\$aNon-tuberculous mycobacteria, especially Mycobacterium immunogenum and M. chelonae, that are associated with metalworking fluids (MWF) have been implicated in occupational hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP), asthma, and other respiratory illnesses in the MWF exposed metal workers. Cultural recovery and quantification of mycobacterial population from the contaminated MWF is often cumbersome, especially due to the presence of other microbial contaminants and due to the frequently coexisting culturable and non-culturable fractions of the mycobacterial population in these fluids triggered by improper fluid management and storage conditions. Here we report on role of sample storage conditions in reducing cultural recovery, optimization of methods for enhanced recovery, and culture-independent DNA-based quantification of mycobacteria (culturable and non-culturable) from MWF matrices. The recovery optimization included strategies for selective suppression of gram-positive and gram-negative co-contaminants using antibiotic mixture and revival of the injured cells (viable-but-non-culturable, VBNC). A real-time PCR method designed based on Mycobacterium-specific PCR primers [9] was further developed to attain a minimum quantification limit of 1 CFU/ml, using pristine or used MWF simulated with M. immunogenum in the background of microbial co-contaminants. The method was validated by comparing its quantification efficiency with conventional agar plating and evaluated for direct quantification of total mycobacteria, including culturable and non-culturable, using contaminated field MWF. The state-of-the art methods developed in this study for selective recovery and real-time PCR based quantification would allow rapid and efficient analysis of field MWF samples for mycobacteria including both culturable and non-culturable sub-populations.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMetalworking fluids.
=650  \0$aNon-tuberculous mycobacteria.
=650  \0$aMycobacterium immunogenum.
=650  \0$aNon-culturable.
=650  \0$aCultural recovery.
=650  14$aMetalworking fluid (MWF)
=650  24$aNon-tuberculous mycobacteria.
=650  24$aMycobacterium immunogenum.
=650  24$aCultural recovery.
=650  24$aReal-time quantitative PCR.
=650  24$aPANTA.
=650  24$aVBNC.
=650  24$aNon-culturable.
=700  1\$aSelvaraju, SB.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKhan, IUH,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12839.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12840
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12840$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12840$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTX545
=082  04$a664/.07$223
=100  1\$aVeillette, M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aRecovery and Quantification of Mycobacterium Immunogenum DNA from Metalworking Fluids Using Dual-Labeled Probes /$cM. Veillette, G. Pagé, PS. Thorne, C. Duchaine.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b15
=520  3\$aMycobacteria in metalworking fluids (MWF) are associated with hypersensitivity pneumonitis but are difficult to recover using culture. Quantitative PCR is a promising approach to quantify mycobacteria, but three challenges exist: mycobacterial cell lysis, high-yield DNA extraction, and removal of PCR inhibitors. We used Mycobacterium spp. primers to amplify polymorphic regions of 16S-rDNA flanked with highly conserved regions. A standard curve was constructed by cloning M. immunogenum amplification product. We developed single tube DNA extraction employing mixer mill cell disruption, enzymatic digestions (lysozyme, proteinase K) followed by a mechanical disruption, and column purification. MWF was spiked with M. immunogenum, and DNA was successfully extracted. Mycobacterial 16S-RNA genes were quantified by comparing PCR amplification detection (Cycle Threshold) from our samples with that obtained from the standard curve. Recovery and quantification of mycobacterial DNA from spiked samples approached 100 %. A rapid method for quantification of mycobacteria in MWF was demonstrated.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMycobacteria.
=650  \0$aMetalworking fluid.
=650  \0$aReal-time PCR.
=650  \0$aFluorescent probes.
=650  14$aMetalworking fluid.
=650  24$aReal-time PCR.
=650  24$aMycobacteria.
=650  24$aFluorescent probes.
=650  24$aHypersensitivity pneumonitis.
=700  1\$aPagé, G.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aThorne, PS.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDuchaine, C.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12840.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12842
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12842$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12842$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH2270
=082  04$a690/.1823$223
=100  1\$aWeston, TA.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aWater Resistance and Durability of Weather-Resistive Barriers /$cTA. Weston, X. Pascual, K. Boone.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b17
=520  3\$aWeather resistive barriers function as the second line of defense against water that has intruded past a building's cladding. Despite its importance, however, the evaluation of weather-resistive barrier water resistance performance is not conducted in a consistent manner across product types. Several different test methods that include vastly different water exposure techniques are used. Because of the variance in test methods and rating systems, the selection of optimal weather resistive barrier for a specific project can be difficult. Complicating matters further, the water resistance of weather resistive barriers is almost always reported on as-received materials, with little if any information provided on how the water resistance will change during the construction period or in service. This paper presents data comparing the water resistance of weather resistive barriers measured by both standard methods and by a small-scale water spray test. Additionally, the change in water resistance performance due to direct environmental exposure is discussed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aWeather-resistive barrier.
=650  \0$aDrainage plane.
=650  \0$aWater resistance.
=650  \0$aSheathing membranes.
=650  14$aWater resistance.
=650  24$aWeather resistive barriers.
=650  24$aSheathing membranes.
=650  24$aDrainage plane.
=700  1\$aPascual, X.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBoone, K.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12842.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12843
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12843$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12843$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA460
=082  04$a620.1/6/28$223
=100  1\$aTorimaru, T.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aNeutron Flux Effect on the Irradiation Hardening of Type 304 Stainless Steel /$cT. Torimaru, M. Kodama, S. Tanaka, T. Nakamura, K. Asano, K. Kumagai.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b6
=520  3\$aIn order to investigate the neutron flux effect on the irradiation hardening of type 304 stainless steel, microstructure observation, tensile test, and micro Vickers hardness test were performed on the type 304 stainless steel irradiated to 1.6 × 1024−1.4 × 1026 n/m2 in LWRs, (flux 3.4 × 1015−5.6 × 1017 n/m2/s). The tensile test was carried out in air at 288°C, and the hardness test was also carried out in air, but at room temperature. The amount of irradiation hardening increased with increasing neutron flux. The amount of irradiation hardening was proportional to the 0.25th power of neutron flux. Dislocation loop density increased with increasing neutron flux, and mean diameter had hardly any dependence on neutron flux. From the above, the neutron flux dependence of dislocation loop density could be said to be the main factor controlling irradiation hardening under LWR irradiation conditions. The amount of irradiation hardening of type 304 stainless steel used in LWR is expected to be lower than the predicted amount from higher flux irradiated materials.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aIrradiation hardening.
=650  \0$aDislocation loop.
=650  \0$aNeutron flux.
=650  14$aNeutron flux.
=650  24$aIrradiation hardening.
=650  24$aType 304 stainless steel.
=650  24$aDislocation loop.
=700  1\$aKodama, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTanaka, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNakamura, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAsano, K.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKumagai, K.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12843.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12847
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12847$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12847$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRJ482.R48
=082  04$a618.92/7$223
=100  1\$aForth, SC.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEvaluation of Fatigue Crack Thresholds Using Various Experimental Methods /$cSC. Forth, JC. Newman, RG. Forman.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b37
=520  3\$aThe accurate representation of fatigue crack threshold, the region defining crack growth as either very slow or nonexistent, is extremely important. If the experimentally measured threshold is unconservatively high, a structural component designed with this data may fail long before the fatigue analysis predicts. The fatigue crack growth threshold is experimentally defined using ASTM standard E 647, which has been shown to exhibit anomalies. Alternate test methods have been proposed, such as the constant Kmax test procedure, to define the threshold regime without ambiguity. However, only the current test method defined by ASTM is designed to produce the range of fatigue crack thresholds (e.g., low and high R) needed to characterize an acrospace loading environment. It is the scope of this paper to determine the fatigue crack growth threshold of a well characterized aerospace alloy, 7075-T7351 aluminum, using different methods, to compare the results, and to draw conclusions.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPlasticity induced crack closure.
=650  \0$aThreshold.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aCrack growth.
=650  \0$aTest methods.
=650  14$aFatigue.
=650  24$aThreshold.
=650  24$aCrack growth.
=650  24$aTest methods.
=650  24$aPlasticity induced crack closure.
=700  1\$aNewman, JC.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aForman, RG.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12847.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12849
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12849$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12849$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA417.2
=082  04$a620.1127$223
=100  1\$aDi Maio, AA.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEstimation of Compressive Strength of Recycled Concretes with the Ultrasonic Method /$cAA. Di Maio, CJ. Zega, LP. Traversa.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aIn the present paper the errors in compressive strength estimation when the ultrasonic method is applied to conventional and recycled concretes are evaluated. Tests were performed on laboratory prototypes made with conventional concretes containing natural coarse aggregates and on recycled concretes containing 75% of recycled coarse aggregates (crushed concretes) by volume. In both types of concrete the strength was estimated by employing previously obtained correlation equations between the ultrasonic pulse velocity and compressive strength measured on concretes made with the same materials. The results from both types of concrete indicate that the errors in the estimated strength can be considered technologically acceptable.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aUltrasonic pulse velocity.
=650  \0$aRecycled concrete.
=650  \0$aCompressive strength.
=650  14$aRecycled concrete.
=650  24$aCompressive strength.
=650  24$aUltrasonic pulse velocity.
=650  24$aEstimation of strength.
=700  1\$aZega, CJ.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTraversa, LP.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12849.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12851
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12851$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12851$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK9001
=082  04$a621.48$223
=100  1\$aHirschler, MM.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFire Testing of Electrical and Optical Fiber Cables for Transportation Vehicles, Especially in North America /$cMM. Hirschler.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (20 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b61
=520  3\$aCables for transmission of power and data are a large, and growing, part of the fuel load in public transportation vehicles. Unfortunately, the fire performance of electric cables has usually been neglected or based only on semi-mandatory guidelines of relatively low severity. Furthermore, optical fiber cables have usually been ignored. This paper discusses the most recent approaches taken by the various regulatory authorities in the US (US Coast Guard [USCG], Federal Aviation Administration [FAA], Federal Railroad Administration [FRA], and Federal Transit Administration [FTA]), together with the work of the applicable standards developing organizations (the National Fire Protection Association [NFPA] and the International Maritime Organization [IMO])
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aElectrical and Electronic Engineering.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12851.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12852
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12852$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12852$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRA1270.F55
=082  04$a677$223
=100  1\$aGann, RG.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSmoke Toxicity Data for Fire Hazard and Risk Assessment of Cable Products /$cRG. Gann, RD. Peacock, JD. Averill, MR. Nyden.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (5 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b2
=520  3\$aThis paper presents the methodology for and results from a series of room-scale fire tests to produce data on the yields of toxic products in both preflashover and postflashover fires. Trays of common household electric cable burned in a room with a long adjacent corridor. The yields of CO2, CO, HCl, HCN, and carbonaceous soot were determined. Other toxicants (e.g., NO2, formaldehyde and acrolein) were not found; concentrations below the detection limits were shown to be of limited toxicological importance relative to the detected toxicants. The uncertainties in the post-flashover data are smaller due to the higher species concentrations and the more fully established upper layer from which the fire effluent was sampled. The uncertainty values are comparable to those estimated for the fractional effective dose calculations used to determine the time available for escape from a fire. The uncertainty in the yield data is sufficiently small to determine whether a bench-scale apparatus is producing results that are similar to or different from the real-scale results here. The use of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy was shown to be a useful tool for obtaining concentration data of toxicants. However, its operation and interpretation is far from routine. The CO yield was slightly lower than the expected value of 0.2, which should be used in hazard and risk analyses. The accuracy of the results is verified, and a hypothesis is offered for the lower CO yield values.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFire hazard.
=650  \0$aFire.
=650  \0$aFire risk.
=650  \0$aRoom fire tests.
=650  \0$aToxicity.
=650  14$aFire.
=650  24$aSmoke.
=650  24$aToxicity.
=650  24$aCable.
=650  24$aFire hazard.
=650  24$aFire risk.
=650  24$aRoom fire tests.
=700  1\$aPeacock, RD.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAverill, JD.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNyden, MR.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12852.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12853
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12853$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12853$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH7463
=082  04$a697$223
=100  1\$aGilman, JW.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aHigh Throughput Flammability Characterization Using Gradient Heat Flux Fields /$cJW. Gilman, RD. Davis, JR. Shields, RH. Harris.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b8
=520  3\$aThe quest for small-scale flammability tests useful for predicting large-scale fire test performance is an enduring undertaking. Often, this work is motivated by limited access to larger quantities of samples, in the case of materials development efforts, and by the slow turn-around and high cost of large scale flammability testing. Use of Cone calorimeter data such as heat release rate (HRR) and ignition data has been coupled with various models to attempt to predict the performance of materials in medium and large scale fire tests. In some instances this has been successful; however, the extensive amount of data that needs to be acquired has motivated the High Throughput (HT) Flammability program at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) to develop flammability characterization methods which significantly increase the rate of data generation. The goal is to keep pace with our sample preparation rate, which is a significant challenge since our capability to produce samples, either extruded rod, or gradient coatings, has developed to a rate of one sample per minute! The efforts described here are those specifically focused at developing HT flammability analysis methods. The method of evaluating the flammability of a sample at a variety of fluxes simultaneously involves use of a radiant panel to create a gradient heat flux field. Samples are ignited in the high flux region and burned until they self-extinguish. The local flux at this position is termed the minimum flux for flame spread (MFFS). The same general technique has also been accomplished on a smaller scale using the Cone calorimeter. Here MFFS and HRR can be measured concurrently.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFlame spread.
=650  \0$aRadiant panel.
=650  \0$aPolymer.
=650  \0$aFlammability.
=650  14$aFlame spread.
=650  24$aRadiant panel.
=650  24$aPolymer.
=650  24$aFlammability.
=700  1\$aDavis, RD.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aShields, JR.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHarris, RH.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12853.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12859
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12859$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12859$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aT55
=082  04$a363.1/056$223
=100  1\$aFang, X.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aModified Heat of Combustion Measurement for Electrical Communications and Optical Cables /$cX. Fang, PD. Gandhi, TJ. Chapin.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aA modified method to measure heat of combustion of electrical communications and optical cables has been evaluated using an oxygen bomb calorimeter. The test procedures described by the NFPA 259 and the ISO 1716 have been widely used to measure the heat of combustion of building materials. Both methods require samples to be pulverized prior to testing. The modified measurement discussed in this paper provides a convenient and reliable test method to measure the heat of combustion of cables without pulverization. The cables used in this study cover a wide range of fire performance categories, including vertical tray, riser, plenum, and limited combustible ratings. The results from traditional pulverized samples are also reported for comparison. The acid correction and copper effect on the measurement of the final heat of combustion of cables are addressed in this study. The results show that the modified measurement of heat of combustion is comparable with the traditional NFPA 259 and ISO 1716 methods, with reduced time and good repeatability.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHeat of Combustion.
=650  \0$aPulverization.
=650  \0$aCommunications cables.
=650  \0$aFiber optical cables.
=650  14$aHeat of Combustion.
=650  24$aCommunications cables.
=650  24$aFiber optical cables.
=650  24$aPulverization.
=700  1\$aGandhi, PD.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aChapin, TJ.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12859.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12866
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12866$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12866$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTS227.2
=082  04$a671.5/2$223
=100  1\$aEzuber, HM.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCorrosion Behavior of Heat-Treated Duplex Stainless Steels in Saturated Carbon Dioxide-Chloride Solutions /$cHM. Ezuber.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b25
=520  3\$aSweet and/or sour service environments require the use of corrosion resistant materials since conventional steels usually exhibit general corrosion, pitting attack, and stress corrosion cracking (SCC) under these conditions.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aDuplex stainless steel.
=650  \0$aPitting attack.
=650  \0$aStress corrosion.
=650  14$aDuplex stainless steel.
=650  24$aPitting attack.
=650  24$aStress corrosion.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12866.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12867
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12867$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12867$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.17
=082  04$a620.1/125$223
=100  1\$aManahan, MP.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe History of Instrumented Impact Testing /$cMP. Manahan, TA. Siewert.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b17
=520  3\$aPendulum impact testing is widely known to have a history that extends back to the turn of the 20th century. To many researchers today, instrumentation of the impact test to acquire a load-time history, and thereby to provide important data in addition to absorbed energy, is usually considered to be a relatively recent development. However, our literature review has shown that starting from the earliest test machine development work, researchers have been interested in designing equipment capable of measuring both the energy expended in fracturing the specimen, and the force-deflection and energy-deflection curves. This paper recounts the early history of instrumented impact testing, and shows that it also extends back over 100 years. In fact, the earliest known paper on instrumented impact testing predates the first pendulum test machine publication by one year.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCharpy Test.
=650  \0$aDeflection.
=650  \0$aInstrumented impact.
=650  \0$aAbsorbed energy.
=650  \0$aHistory.
=650  14$aInstrumented impact.
=650  24$aHistory.
=650  24$aForce.
=650  24$aDeflection.
=650  24$aAbsorbed energy.
=650  24$aCharpy test.
=700  1\$aSiewert, TA.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12867.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12868
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12868$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12868$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTD423
=082  04$a628.1/68/015118$223
=100  1\$aSiewert, TA.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Development of Procedures for Charpy Impact Testing /$cTA. Siewert, CN. McCowan.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b25
=520  3\$aThis paper provides a broad overview of the progress in procedural improvements for Charpy impact testing. It includes a short summary of early developments, a discussion of topics that have been the subject of recent research, and a description of the importance of direct and indirect verification procedures. The need for standard procedures was recognized soon after the test was developed, and the early discoveries help to build the framework for our current procedures. Nevertheless, even after all these years of procedure development, researchers still find the need to learn more about certain aspects of the test procedures. Recent research seems to be concentrated in several broad categories: properties of the specimen (e.g., surface finish, tolerances, and miniature sizes for special applications), the anvils and striker (e.g., radii and surface finish), and general test procedures (e.g., time to reach test temperature and suitability for cryogenic testing)
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aInternational intercomparison.
=650  \0$aSpecimen notching and conditioning.
=650  \0$aImpact testing.
=650  \0$aMachine verification.
=650  \0$aStriker radius.
=650  \0$aTest procedures.
=650  \0$aTest temperatures.
=650  14$aImpact testing.
=650  24$aInternational intercomparison.
=650  24$aMachine verification.
=650  24$aSpecimen notching and conditioning.
=650  24$aStriker radius.
=650  24$aTest procedures.
=650  24$aTest temperatures.
=700  1\$aMcCowan, CN.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12868.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12869
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12869$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12869$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.17
=082  04$a620.1/123$223
=100  1\$aMcCowan, C.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aInternational Comparison of Impact Reference Materials (2004) /$cC. McCowan, G. Roebben, Y. Yamaguchi, S. Lefrançois, J. Splett, S. Takagi, A. Lamberty.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aA three-year horizontal comparison has been completed between national laboratories that certify specimens for the indirect verification of Charpy impact test machines. The participants in this study were the Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements of the European Commission, the National Metrology Institute of Japan (NMIJ), the National Institute of Standards and Technology in the United States, and the Laboratoire National d'Essais in France. The comparison was conducted to evaluate the impact of reference specimens over a three-year period. Sets of certified reference specimens, at low (15 J), medium (30 J), and high energy (100 J) levels were produced and distributed at the start of the study. Specimens were tested approximately every six months on each of the machines in the study. The results of the testing are presented and the stability of the various impact machines and specimens are discussed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aNotched bar testing.
=650  \0$aCharpy test.
=650  14$aASTM E-23.
=650  24$aCharpy V-notch.
=650  24$aEN 10045 impact testing.
=650  24$aISO 148 machine verification.
=700  1\$aRoebben, G.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aYamaguchi, Y.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLefrançois, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSplett, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTakagi, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLamberty, A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12869.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12870
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12870$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12870$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.17
=082  04$a620.1/123$223
=100  1\$aRoebben, G.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCertification of Charpy V-Notch Reference Test Pieces at IRMM /$cG. Roebben, A. Lamberty, J. Pauwels.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b17
=520  3\$aThe Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements (IRMM) of the Joint Research Centre (JRC) of the European Commission (EC) is one of the reference materials producers which certifies reference test pieces for the indirect verification of Charpy pendulum impact machines. The certification approach taken at IRMM consists of two main steps. In a first step, a Master Batch of reference test pieces is certified for each of a number of chosen nominal energy levels (currently 30 J, 60 J, 80 J, 120 J, and 160 J). The certified absorbed energy value of these Master Batches is determined in an international round-robin. In the second step of the certification process, the Master Batch test pieces are used to determine the certified value of Secondary Batches of reference test pieces of the same nominal energy. This is achieved by comparing samples of Master and Secondary Batch under repeatability conditions. In this paper, this Master Batch — Secondary Batch approach is critically assessed in terms of traceability and uncertainty of the certified absorbed energy. It is shown that the produced reference test pieces are fit-for-purpose: they meet the requirements of their intended use (indirect verification)
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aNotched bar testing.
=650  \0$aAbsorbed energy.
=650  \0$aTraceability.
=650  \0$aUncertainty.
=650  14$aCharp V-notch certified reference test pieces.
=650  24$aCertified reference material.
=650  24$aAbsorbed energy.
=650  24$aTraceability.
=650  24$aUncertainty.
=700  1\$aLamberty, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPauwels, J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12870.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12871
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12871$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12871$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.17
=082  04$a620.1/123$223
=100  1\$aTakagi, S.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aUncertainty Analyses on Reference Values of Charpy Impact Test Specimens /$cS. Takagi, Y. Yamaguchi, T. Usuda.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aThe uncertainties of reference values of specimens, which are used for the verification of the secondary standard Charpy impact test machine, are investigated. To evaluate the uncertainty of the reference values of specimens, the results of the direct verification of the machine and the repeatability of measurement are considered. The uncertainty components estimated from the direct verification are calculated multiplying the uncertainty of each item and corresponding sensitivity coefficient. The repeatability of measurement is estimated from the results of the routine check data of the standard machine. By combining these components, the overall uncertainties of reference specimens are presented at 30, 100, and 160 J levels of absorbed energy.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aNotched bar testing.
=650  \0$aReference value.
=650  \0$aDirect verification.
=650  \0$aIndirect verification.
=650  \0$aCharpy impact test.
=650  14$aCharpy impact test.
=650  24$aDirect verification.
=650  24$aIndirect verification.
=650  24$aReference value.
=650  24$aMeasurement uncertainty.
=700  1\$aYamaguchi, Y.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aUsuda, T.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12871.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12872
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12872$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12872$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.17
=082  04$a620.1/123$223
=100  1\$aHeping, L.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aReference Impact Specimens Made from Low Carbon Steel :$bReport on Production and Use /$cL. Heping, Z. Xing.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b6
=520  3\$aThis paper describes a method of producing reference specimens from low carbon steel and reports the results of a national proficiency testing by 45 laboratories. The reference impact specimens of low carbon steel are much cheaper than the traditional ones, and the proficiency testing proved that the specimens are valid for finding out the problems of impact machines. Furthermore, the data showed that an impact machine would represent the similar relative bias at a different energy level of reference specimen, so it is sufficient to use reference specimens with one absorbed energy level to verify impact machines annually.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aNotched bar testing.
=650  \0$aReference material.
=650  \0$aImpact test.
=650  14$aCharpy verification specimen.
=650  24$aImpact test.
=650  24$aReference material.
=700  1\$aXing, Z.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12872.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12873
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12873$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12873$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.17
=082  04$a620.1/123$223
=100  1\$aLucon, E.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aImpact Characterization of Sub-Size Charpy V-Notch Specimens Prepared from Full-Size Certified Reference Charpy V-Notch Test Pieces /$cE. Lucon, J-L Puzzolante, G. Roebben, A. Lamberty.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b5
=520  3\$aTo investigate the feasibility of the production of sub-size Charpy reference test pieces, tests were performed on sub-size samples (3 × 4 × 27 mm3) carefully machined from full-size (10 × 10 × 55 mm3) Charpy V-notch certified reference test pieces. The measured absorbed energy (KV) values indicate a highly satisfactory homogeneity of the sub-size specimens. Sub-size specimens were prepared from full-size reference test pieces of 30, 60, 80, 120, and 150 J nominal absorbed energy; and values between 2 J and 7.2 J were obtained, covering almost fully the range of interest for sub-size Charpy tests. A linear relationship is observed between the KV values of sub-size and full-size samples of the same material.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aNotched bar testing.
=650  \0$aAbsorbed energy.
=650  14$aSub-size Charpy specimens.
=650  24$aCertified reference material.
=650  24$aAbsorbed energy.
=700  1\$aPuzzolante, J-L,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRoebben, G.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLamberty, A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12873.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12875
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12875$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12875$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.17
=082  04$a620.1/123$223
=100  1\$aVigliotti, DP.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffects of Removing and Replacing an 8-MM Charpy Striker on Absorbed Energy /$cDP. Vigliotti, JL. Vigliotti.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (4 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b1
=520  3\$aIt has been thought that removing and replacing an in-tolerance 8-mm striker may affect the results of a Charpy test. This thought brought about a requirement in Standard Test Method E23 [1] that states that if a striker is removed and replaced on a Charpy machine, the indirect verification is void and a new verification test must be performed. Groups of NIST SRM 2092 and SRM 2096 specimens were tested on machines with three different striker-mounting designs. The specimens were tested with the striker removed and replaced between groups. The results of these tests support a change in the standard that can make removing and replacing the striker acceptable without performing a new indirect verification test.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aNotched bar testing.
=650  \0$aCharpy test.
=650  \0$aIzod.
=650  \0$aIndirect verification.
=650  \0$aStriker.
=650  14$aCharpy.
=650  24$aIndirect verification.
=650  24$aIzod.
=650  24$aStriker.
=700  1\$aVigliotti, JL.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12875.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12876
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12876$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12876$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.17
=082  04$a620.1/123$223
=100  1\$aLucon, E.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDifferent Approaches for the Verification of Force Values Measured with Instrumented Charpy Strikers /$cE. Lucon, R. Chaouadi, E. van Walle.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b19
=520  3\$aThe Charpy test plays a fundamental role in the nuclear field for evaluating the neutron embrittlement of the reactor pressure vessel, specifically in the framework of the so-called Enhanced Surveillance Approach, developed at SCK·CEN and aimed at extracting as much information as possible from Charpy impact tests performed with an instrumented striker. Careful analysis of the instrumented force/deflection traces allows defining important parameters which can help investigate material characteristics such as flow properties, microcleavage fracture stress, crack arrest behavior and alternative characteristic (index) temperatures. For this advanced approach to be successfully applied, confidence in the quality of instrumented force values must be high; as a consequence, extensive research has been performed in order to establish an optimal procedure for the verification of instrumented Charpy strikers. Various approaches will be described in this paper and their applicability and effectiveness discussed. A procedure based on the comparison between yield stresses measured from tensile tests and calculated from instrumented Charpy curves has recently been adopted at SCK·CEN as the recommended in-house procedure for verifying instrumented strikers. This method has shown that for all strikers investigated, the so-called “dynamic” calibration (based on the equalization of dial and calculated energies) yields the most accurate results.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aNotched bar testing.
=650  \0$aCharpy test.
=650  14$aInstrumented Charpy tests.
=650  24$aEnhanced Surveillance Approach.
=650  24$aDynamic yield stresses.
=650  24$a“dynamic” calibration of instrumented strikers.
=700  1\$aChaouadi, R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$avan Walle, E.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12876.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12878
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12878$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12878$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTJ1075
=082  04$a531/.1134$223
=100  1\$aReiff, JD.,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Method for Calculation of Fastener Torque Specifications Which Includes Statistical Tolerancing /$cJD. Reiff.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b2
=520  3\$aThe Monte Carlo simulation method is applied to quantify the probability of exceeding the maximum desired bolt exploitation for fasteners tightened to a torque specification. The simulation results are utilized to develop a method for the calculation of torque specifications such that the probability that a bolt will exceed the maximum desired bolt exploitation is thirty-two parts per million (ppm)
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aDynamics.
=650  \0$aCalculate.
=650  \0$aTorque.
=650  \0$aFriction.
=650  \0$aFastener.
=650  14$aTorque.
=650  24$aFriction.
=650  24$aFastener.
=650  24$aCalculate.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12878.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12879
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12879$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12879$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA660.J64
=082  04$a624.1/77$223
=100  1\$aReiff, JD.,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Procedure for Calculation of Torque Specifications for Bolted Joints with Prevailing Torque /$cJD. Reiff.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b1
=520  3\$aThis paper presents procedures developed for the calculation of the coefficient of friction of bolt/nut assemblies and for the calculation of torque specifications, which include the case where the fasteners have prevailing torque.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aJoints (Engineering)
=650  \0$aFastener torque.
=650  \0$aPrevailing torque.
=650  \0$aHead finish.
=650  \0$aThread finish.
=650  \0$aTorque calculation.
=650  14$aFastener torque.
=650  24$aPrevailing torque.
=650  24$aTorque calculation.
=650  24$aHead finish.
=650  24$aThread finish.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12879.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12882
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12882$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12882$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQ295
=082  04$a620.1126$223
=100  1\$aGelles, DS.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aExtrapolation of Fracture Toughness Data for HT9 Irradiated at 360–390°C /$cDS. Gelles, RJ. Kurtz.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aFollowing irradiation in the FFTF-AC01 test at 360°C to 5.5 × 1022 n/cm2, two HT9 samples tested at 30°C were measured to have fracture toughness levels of 28.2 and 31.9 MPa m1/2, respectively, whereas a third identical specimen tested at 205°C gave 126 MPa m1/2. Based on testing of notched tensile specimens from the same irradiation test, the low toughness was a result of brittle fracture. A similar low level of toughness has also been demonstrated in HT9 following irradiation at 250°C, and therefore such behavior is reproducible. Using ASTM Standard E 1921-02, which characterizes the fracture toughness of ferritic steels that experience onset of cleavage cracking at instabilities, it is shown that these data can be analyzed by a Master Curve approach, and that the trend of the fracture toughness over a wider range of temperatures can be estimated. Master Curve analysis demonstrates that toughness will remain low over a wide range of temperatures near 30°C, but will degrade only slightly when temperatures drop to −10°C.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFracture mechanics.
=650  \0$aMartensitic steel.
=650  \0$aNeutron irradiation.
=650  \0$aFracture toughness.
=650  \0$aMaster curve analysis.
=650  14$aFracture toughness.
=650  24$aNeutron irradiation.
=650  24$aMartensitic steel.
=650  24$aMaster curve analysis.
=700  1\$aKurtz, RJ.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12882.htm

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=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
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=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12884$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12884$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aHF5415.153
=082  04$a658.5$223
=100  1\$aNozawa, T.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aTensile, Flexural, and Shear Properties of Neutron Irradiated SiC/SiC Composites with Different Fiber-Matrix Interfaces /$cT. Nozawa, K. Ozawa, S. Kondo, T. Hinoki, Y. Katoh, LL. Snead, A. Kohyama.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b22
=520  3\$aUnidirectional SiC/SiC composites fabricated with highly-crystalline and stoichiometric fibers and matrix, but with three different interfacial types (single-layer pyrolytic carbon (PyC), multilayered SiC/PyC, and pseudo porous SiC interfaces) were irradiated up to 1.0 × 1025 n/m2 (E > 0.1 MeV) at 1073 and 1273 K. Tensile, inter-laminar shear, and flexural properties were evaluated to compare the role of different interfaces on neutron irradiation behavior. There was nearly no significant degradation in tensile and flexural strength after high-temperature neutron irradiation, except for porous SiC interphase composite. Moreover, no meaningful reduction of tensile modulus was identified regardless of interphase types, although 20–40% degradation in flexural moduli occurred due to a reduction in inter-laminar shear modulus. In contrast, matrix cracking stress was significantly dependent on interfacial properties. Multilayer interphase composites exhibited the best irradiation stability. Irradiation instability of thick PyC and porous SiC interphase resulted in 20% and 40% degradations of matrix cracking stress, respectively.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aComposite materials.
=650  \0$aFlexure.
=650  \0$aTensile.
=650  \0$aInter-laminar shear.
=650  \0$aSiC/SiC composites.
=650  14$aSiC/SiC composites.
=650  24$aNeutron irradiation effect.
=650  24$aTensile.
=650  24$aInter-laminar shear.
=650  24$aFlexure.
=650  24$aSmall specimen test technique.
=700  1\$aOzawa, K.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKondo, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHinoki, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKatoh, Y.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSnead, LL.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKohyama, A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12884.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12888
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=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
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=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12888$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12888$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.17
=082  04$a620.1/123$223
=100  1\$aNanstad, RK.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFracture Toughness, Thermo-Electric Power, and Atom Probe Investigations of JRQ Steel in I, IA, IAR, and IARA Conditions /$cRK. Nanstad, M. Niffenegger, RD. Kalkhof, MK. Miller, MA. Sokolov, P. Tipping.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (17 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b17
=520  3\$aThe International Atomic Energy Agency has sponsored a number of studies involving a specific plate of A533 grade B class 1 steel designated heat JRQ. In this cooperative study between the Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI) and the Heavy-Section Steel Irradiation Program of Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), groups of Charpy impact, tensile, and precracked Charpy specimens of the JRQ plate were irradiated by PSI to four different fast neutron fluences [from 0.39 to 5.0 × 1023 n/m2 (>1 MeV)] in a test reactor. Additional specimens were given a post-irradiation thermal annealing treatment at 460°C for 18 h when 50 % of the target fluence was reached, followed by reirradiation to the same target fluences for the four groups of irradiated specimens. Additionally, ORNL thermally annealed some of the reirradiated specimens, as well as some of those in the irradiated only condition. Charpy impact, tensile, fracture toughness, and hardness tests have been performed to evaluate material response in the various conditions and to compare with the unirradiated material. Additionally, thermo-electric power experiments have been conducted by PSI, while atom probe tomography evaluations have been conducted by ORNL. Except at the highest fluence, the results show that the material given an intermediate annealing treatment exhibited irradiation-induced transition temperature shifts about the same as those that were only irradiated. However, the upper-shelf energies were generally higher and the yield strengths were generally lower for the reirradiated groups. The intermediate thermal annealing resulted in less reirradiation embrittlement of fracture toughness than Charpy impact toughness, while annealing after reirradiation resulted in significant increases in Charpy upper-shelf energy above that in the unirradiated condition. Irradiation-induced and IAR Charpy impact transition temperature shifts exhibit a nearly linear correlation with Seebeck coefficient in the I and IAR conditions. ORNL has also sent additional specimens from I, IA, IAR, and IARA test of JRQ for additional TEP testing. After irradiation, a high number density of ultrafine Cu-, Mn-, Ni-, Si-, and P-enriched precipitates were observed by atom probe tomography. Phosphorus segregation to dislocations was also observed. A significantly lower number density of larger Cu-, Mn-, and Ni- enriched precipitates was observed after the second annealing treatment.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aNotched bar testing.
=650  \0$aCharpy test.
=650  \0$aThermal annealing.
=650  \0$aTensile strength.
=650  \0$aIrradiation.
=650  \0$aReirradiation.
=650  \0$aFracture toughness.
=650  \0$aCharpy impact.
=650  14$aCharpy impact.
=650  24$aFracture toughness.
=650  24$aIrradiation.
=650  24$aPrecracked Charpy.
=650  24$aReactor pressure vessel.
=650  24$aReirradiation.
=650  24$aTensile strength.
=650  24$aThermal annealing.
=700  1\$aNiffenegger, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKalkhof, RD.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMiller, MK.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSokolov, MA.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTipping, P.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12888.htm

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=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12892$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12892$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA654.7
=082  04$a624.1/76$223
=100  1\$aJohnson, NF.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aInternational Standards for Blast Resistant Glazing /$cNF. Johnson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b3
=520  3\$aGlass fragments are a prime source of injury to occupants of buildings subjected to an explosive event. Health and safety considerations and the principles of a “reasonable duty of care” impose requirements on employers and on the designers and managers of buildings. Two International Standards have been prepared for the test and classification of “Glass in building—Explosion resistant security glazing.” These incorporate three test regimes. One standard employs a shock tube method to simulate the blast from large vehicle bombs. The other standard involves two categories of arena tests using live explosives at varying distances. One test series uses small, hand-carried charges of up to 20 kg weight and the other is based upon the blast from 100 kg TNT equivalent vehicle bomb charges, where TNT refers to trinitrotoluene. The three test regimes and classifications are described and compared. The paper demonstrates how the Standards will facilitate the specification, design, and testing of glass and complete glazing systems having compositions from antishatter film applications through to thick and bullet resistant laminated glass. The tests are appropriate for other building components and the Standards will offer a valuable tool to provide safer buildings with blast resistance for protection or hazard reduction.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBlast effect.
=650  \0$aResistance.
=650  \0$aBuilding.
=650  \0$aGlazing.
=650  \0$aExplosion.
=650  \0$aGlass.
=650  \0$aStandards.
=650  \0$aBlast.
=650  \0$aInternationaly.
=650  \0$aSecurity.
=650  14$aGlass.
=650  24$aBuilding.
=650  24$aExplosion.
=650  24$aResistance.
=650  24$aSecurity.
=650  24$aGlazing.
=650  24$aBlast.
=650  24$aInternationaly.
=650  24$aStandards.
=650  24$aTests.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12892.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12893
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12893$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12893$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA654.7
=082  04$a624.1/76$223
=100  1\$aGrosskopf, KR.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aProtective Window Safety Films :$bA Case Study in ASTM All-Hazard Building Code Standards /$cKR. Grosskopf.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aAs the most vulnerable component in the building envelope, fragmentation failure of glazing systems is among the leading cause of injury and death during terrorist and storm events. As a result, safety films have gained popularity as a cost-effective alternative to high-strength or laminated glass, especially for building retrofits. Various combinations of wet glazed films and mechanical attachment systems, including those satisfying ASTM F 1642 for glazing systems subject to airblast loadings, have been shown to meet windload and debris impact standards, including ASTM E 1996 standards adopted by the International Building Code (IBC). Defining these and other synergies that may exist between ASTM F -series security standards and more traditional ASTM standards that address natural hazards such as wind and seismic loading may be key in introducing anti-terrorism provisions to the commercial building industry. Such an “all-hazards” approach may compliment efforts underway to introduce meaningful terrorism resistant building standards into the IBC and minimize potential code duplication.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBlast effect.
=650  \0$aImpact resistance.
=650  \0$aAirblast loading.
=650  \0$aCyclic wind loading.
=650  \0$aUniform wind loading.
=650  \0$aGlazing systems.
=650  14$aAirblast loading.
=650  24$aASTM E 1996.
=650  24$aASTM F 1233.
=650  24$aASTM F 1642.
=650  24$aCyclic wind loading.
=650  24$aGlazing systems.
=650  24$aImpact resistance.
=650  24$aInternational Building Code (IBC)
=650  24$aUniform wind loading.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12893.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12894
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12894$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12894$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP1087
=082  04$a668.9/2$223
=100  1\$aNg, D.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aUnderstanding Polymeric Pads in Pre-CMP Conditioning /$cD. Ng, M. Kulkarni, G. Xu, P. Severs, R. Marvin, J. Xiao, H. Liang.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b18
=520  3\$aExperiments were conducted to understand the principles behind polymeric pads during pre-CMP conditioning. Nylon, polycarbonate, and polyurethane pads were tested against copper pins in a slurry containing 3 wt % alumina nanoparticles. The surface properties of pads were estimated after conditioning. The wear of pads along with friction coefficient was evaluated during friction experiments. Results show that contact angles of polycarbonate and polyurethane pads increase with their surface roughness, while those of nylon show the opposite tendency. Surface roughness of pads induced by conditioning could influence the wear performance of nylon and polycarbonate, more than that of the polyurethane pad. Our previous study has shown that the stimulation of friction induces materials transfer during CMP. In this work, we further investigated the effect of such transfer on wear mechanisms of pads during conditioning and polishing. Compared with nylon and polycarbonate, chemical and material properties of polyurethane and their tribological performance are more stable. This makes polyurethane a unique material for CMP.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPolymer engineering.
=650  \0$aConditioning.
=650  \0$aPolishing.
=650  \0$aPolymer wear.
=650  \0$aTransfer layer.
=650  14$aConditioning.
=650  24$aPolishing.
=650  24$aTransfer layer.
=650  24$aPolymer wear.
=700  1\$aKulkarni, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aXu, G.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSevers, P.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMarvin, R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aXiao, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLiang, H.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12894.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12895
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12895$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12895$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD383.S54
=082  04$a668.4/227$223
=100  1\$aEstragnat, E.,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Preliminary Mathematical Removal-Rate Model for Si CMP /$cE. Estragnat, JM. Martin, D. Ng, M. Kulkarni, H. Liang.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b20
=520  3\$aBased on the experimental removal rate data of silicon chemical-mechanical polishing (CMP), we conducted mathematical analysis on effects of surface roughness, asperities, and different length scales on material removal rate. A preliminary physical model was developed enabling consideration of mechanical and chemical removal during the Si CMP process. This model is compared with experimental results obtained through a tabletop polisher. Research results showed that the removal rate decreased with time and eventually became constant. The model has a higher prediction power when the surface roughness is high. However, with a smooth surface, the asperity height does not take a major role in the model. In such, the chemical interactions become important.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSilicon polymers.
=650  \0$aElastomers.
=650  \0$aCMP modeling.
=650  \0$aSilicon.
=650  14$aCMP modeling.
=650  24$aChemical-mechanical wear mechanisms.
=650  24$aSilicon.
=700  1\$aMartin, JM.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNg, D.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKulkarni, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLiang, H.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12895.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12900
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12900$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12900$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP363
=082  04$a621.402/3$223
=100  1\$aMiller, PCH,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFactors Influencing the Performance of Spray Delivery Systems :$bA Review of Recent Developments /$cPCH Miller, CR. Tuck.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b23
=520  3\$aThe need for designers and users of pesticide application equipment to balance the risk of off-target contamination with high product efficacies when using the minimum dose of active ingredient has led to the requirement for more data defining the performance of such equipment. Measurements of the droplet size distribution in sprays from conventional nozzles has shown acceptable levels of consistency between data obtained with different measuring systems enabling such sprays to be classified providing that systems are calibrated with agreed reference nozzles. For sprays with air inclusions different measuring systems have been shown to give comparable and consistent results, and there is now a need to fully integrate such sprays into a revised classification scheme. Temperature of both spray liquid and the surrounding air have been shown to influence droplet size distribution measurements. It is therefore proposed that measurement protocols specify a maximum difference in temperature between the spray liquid and surrounding air of 5°C. For boom sprayers it is not possible to predict accurately the risk of drift from droplet size measurements alone because of the complex detrainment mechanisms involved. It is proposed that standardized wind tunnel procedures be defined that enable the relative risk of drift from different nozzle designs to be quantified. In the future it is likely that more of the information relating to application system performance will be delivered pre-programmed in the units control system or as part of a decision support system.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSpray combustion.
=650  \0$aEngineering.
=650  \0$aChemical engineering.
=650  \0$aDroplet size.
=650  \0$aApplication.
=650  \0$aProtocols.
=650  \0$aWind tunnels.
=650  \0$aDrift.
=650  \0$aMeasurement.
=650  \0$aEfficacy.
=650  \0$aSpray.
=650  14$aSpray.
=650  24$aApplication.
=650  24$aDrift.
=650  24$aEfficacy.
=650  24$aDroplet size.
=650  24$aMeasurement.
=650  24$aWind tunnels.
=650  24$aProtocols.
=700  1\$aTuck, CR.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12900.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12904
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12904$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12904$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP363
=082  04$a621.402/3$223
=100  1\$aAlbrigo, LG.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDevelopment and Testing of a Recommendation System to Schedule Copper Sprays for Citrus Disease Control /$cLG. Albrigo, HW. Beck, LW. Timmer, E. Stover.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aCopper (Cu) fungicides are contact action products commonly used for control of citrus fungal diseases. Cu residues are subject to weathering (rain and wind) and dilution from fruit expansion during early growth. Growers often over-spray, which leads to inadequate disease control, or under-spray, which leads to environmental concerns and Cu phytotoxicity to fruit. Fruit surface Cu residue data were collected, developed into an expert recommendation system, and tested for accuracy in predicting fruit surface residues to determine need to re-spray. Trees were sprayed with different amounts of copper fungicides using different water volumes per tree. Cu on fruit surfaces was analyzed over time. These data were used to build a Cu spray scheduling recommendation system (CuSSRS) that predicts initial residue after spraying, depending on spray volume rate and Cu content and then predicts dilution and loss of the Cu residue as fruit grow and rainfall weathering occurs. The model indicates a warning and a danger level of low residual Cu based on necessary levels of Cu for disease control, thus providing the grower with advanced notice of the need to re-spray. The system was grower tested for six years. Verification data on actual versus predicted residues were collected over a three-year period. Success in preventing fungal disease fruit blemishes was determined also. These tests indicated the CuSSRS works reasonably well and in some years can reduce the number of copper fungicide sprays needed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSpray combustion.
=650  \0$aEngineering.
=650  \0$aChemical engineering.
=650  \0$aMelanose.
=650  \0$aFungal control.
=650  \0$aSpray burn.
=650  \0$aCu residues.
=650  \0$aFruit blemishes.
=650  \0$aGreasy spot.
=650  14$aMelanose.
=650  24$aGreasy spot.
=650  24$aFungal control.
=650  24$aFruit blemishes.
=650  24$aSpray burn.
=650  24$aCu residues.
=700  1\$aBeck, HW.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTimmer, LW.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aStover, E.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12904.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12906
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12906$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12906$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQA76.9.C58
=082  04$a005.8$223
=100  1\$aBennison, PF.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aData Security Issues Relating to End of Life Equipment /$cPF. Bennison, PJ. Lasher.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aData security is obviously becoming more important for anyone involved in computer security. Encryption methods have become more advanced over the years, and there are plenty of tools available that will prevent intruders from accessing confidential data on an active network. However, one of the easiest methods for would-be attackers to gather confidential information is by recovering data from discarded computer hardware or other storage media. This paper covers security concerns related to end of life computer equipment and methods for properly destroying information so it cannot be recovered.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSystems and Data Security.
=650  \0$aCOMPUTERS$xInternet$xSecurity.
=650  \0$aHard drive.
=650  \0$aSanitize.
=650  \0$aDegaussing.
=650  \0$aPulverization.
=650  \0$aSecurity.
=650  14$aHard drive.
=650  24$aSecurity.
=650  24$aSanitize.
=650  24$aDegaussing.
=650  24$aPulverization.
=700  1\$aLasher, PJ.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12906.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12907
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12907$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12907$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP363
=082  04$a621.402/3$223
=100  1\$aGreen, JM.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aIncreasing the Biological Activity of Weak Acid Herbicides by Increasing and Decreasing the pH of the Spray Mixture /$cJM. Green, T. Hale.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b21
=520  3\$aThe pH of the spray mixture controls the solubility and ionic state of weak acid herbicides and thus influences their uptake and biological activity. When the pH of the spray water is below the pKa of the herbicide, increasing pH can increase solubility and improve activity when herbicide solubility limits uptake. However, raising the pH above the pKa makes the weak acid anionic and thus may make it more difficult to penetrate into the lipophilic cuticle and the negatively charged membrane and cell wall. Decreasing the pH below the pKa converts the weak acid into a neutral or unionized form and thus makes it easier to penetrate these lipophilic and negatively charged barriers. pH also influences other herbicide properties including chemical stability, volatility, and chemical compatibility. Thus, manufacturers need to balance a number of properties when they adjust the pH of their adjuvant and herbicide formulations. These studies show significant differences in the biological activity of several herbicides when the pH is increased and decreased with a range of surfactant types. These results support the concept that the physicochemical properties of the herbicide and adjuvant should be matched for optimum activity.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSpray combustion.
=650  \0$aEngineering.
=650  \0$aChemical engineering.
=650  \0$aFormulation.
=650  \0$aBuffer.
=650  \0$aAdjuvant.
=650  \0$aNonionic surfactant.
=650  \0$aSolubility.
=650  14$aAdjuvant.
=650  24$aAcid.
=650  24$aBase.
=650  24$aBuffer.
=650  24$aFormulation.
=650  24$aHydrophilic-lipophilic balance.
=650  24$aNonionic surfactant.
=650  24$aSolubility.
=700  1\$aHale, T.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12907.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12908
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12908$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12908$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP363
=082  04$a621.402/3$223
=100  1\$aHoffmann, WC.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aField-Collected and AGDISP-Predicted Spray Flux from an Aerial Application /$cWC. Hoffmann.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b18
=520  3\$aAs computer models are increasingly being integrated into modern agricultural operations, the comparison of field-collected data to the model prediction improves the confidence that aerial applicators, researchers, and regulators have in the model. The field-collected data were compared to the AGDISP model predictions for the tests conducted in soybeans and cotton and over a concrete runway on two different days. The meteorological effects on spray movement were then explored by analyzing individual replications in the spray trials. The effect of varying the surface roughness coefficient over the range of values for bare ground (i.e., runways) in the AGDISP model on downwind spray movement was determined. The final analyses presented showed the dramatic decrease in downwind spray movement as a result of increasing canopy height as predicted by the AGDISP model.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSpray combustion.
=650  \0$aEngineering.
=650  \0$aChemical engineering.
=650  \0$aAerial application.
=650  \0$aSpray deposition.
=650  \0$aDrift.
=650  \0$aCanopy.
=650  14$aSpray deposition.
=650  24$aDrift.
=650  24$aAGDISP.
=650  24$aAerial application.
=650  24$aCanopy.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12908.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12909
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12909$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12909$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQP1
=082  04$a599.73/58$223
=100  1\$aAnderson, CW.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDevelopment of a Dry Applied Dispersible Granular Pesticide Carrier /$cCW. Anderson, TD. Birthisel, JR. Lynch.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (5 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b6
=520  3\$aGranular pesticide carriers that possess high quality attributes are needed. Some of the main considerations with which pesticide formulators and users contend include physical durability, flowability, ballistics properties, chemical compatibility, favorable econometrics, and pesticidal efficacy. An evaluation of the commercially available mined and recycled materials, as well as an analysis of the requirements for efficacious granules, has led the researchers to define a combination of criteria that was previously unrealized in any of the selections of the then commercially available granular pesticide carriers. The research objective that emerged, developing a more optimal pesticide granule, was defined by these criteria. Many dozens of prototype formulations were produced in a laboratory granulation system and were evaluated by various physical test methods until the original design criteria were met. Subsequently, a period of field efficacy trials took place in which suitability for particular active ingredients, target pests, and cultural conditions was determined. An engineered composite granule and production process was developed during the course of this research. The resulting granules have a unique combination of characteristics: robust enough to withstand the physical stresses of bulk handling, formulating and field application, good flowability and compositional characteristics, plus a unique degree of dispersion upon the application of a small amount of moisture over the treated area after the granules have been applied. This post-application water dispersion mechanism appears to allow enhanced pesticidal efficacy for soil treatment and systemic active ingredients, and has demonstrated numerous aesthetic and hazard reduction attributes of interest. The resulting material has competitive economics, and has been patented and trademarked as DG Lite®.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCatecholamines$xMetabolism.
=650  \0$aCytoplasmic granules.
=650  \0$aDispersing.
=650  \0$aCarriers.
=650  \0$aGranules.
=650  \0$aPesticides.
=650  14$aGranules.
=650  24$aPesticides.
=650  24$aCarriers.
=650  24$aDispersing.
=700  1\$aBirthisel, TD.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLynch, JR.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12909.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12910
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12910$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12910$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK7816
=082  04$a621.381$223
=100  1\$aThomas, RG.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aExternally Insulated (“EIFS”) Building Walls :$bSecurity Characteristics and Methods of Enhancing Security Performance /$cRG. Thomas.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b7
=520  3\$aApproximately 10% of new commercial buildings in the United States use Exterior Insulation and Finish Systems (“EIFS”) on their exterior walls [1]. This includes buildings of almost all types from small residences to large commercial structures in both the public and private sector. EIFS is also used extensively overseas [2]. Although EIFS looks like concrete and appears robust, the lightweight materials in EIFS are not inherently conducive to physical security, electromagnetic security, and fire exposure. This is often overlooked in the planning phase for new buildings, leading to buildings that do not meet current expectations for security-related performance. However, ways exist to beef up EIFS walls so that better performance can be attained. This paper will explore the state-of-the-art of the security aspects of EIFS when used over various types of supporting walls. Key design aspects of EIFS-clad walls will be explained, including the need for attention to the supporting wall structure, the choice of EIFS materials, and the addition of special materials to enhance performance. Examples of new wall designs and enhancing existing walls will be presented.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aElectromagnetic theory.
=650  \0$aElectronics.
=650  \0$aRadio frequency (RF)
=650  \0$aElectromagnetic.
=650  \0$aFire.
=650  \0$aSubstrate.
=650  \0$aBuilding.
=650  \0$aReinforcing.
=650  \0$aPenetration.
=650  \0$aSynthetic stucco.
=650  \0$aExterior.
=650  \0$aDryvit.
=650  \0$aSecurity.
=650  14$aExterior.
=650  24$aBuilding.
=650  24$aWalls.
=650  24$aExterior insulation finish system (EIFS)
=650  24$aDryvit.
=650  24$aSynthetic stucco.
=650  24$aSecurity.
=650  24$aTerrorism.
=650  24$aPenetration.
=650  24$aRadio frequency (RF)
=650  24$aElectromagnetic.
=650  24$aFire.
=650  24$aReinforcing.
=650  24$aSubstrate.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12910.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12911
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12911$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12911$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aSB951.4
=082  04$a574.5/222$223
=100  1\$aElsik, CM.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEthylenediamine Alkoxylates and Their Use as Adjuvants in Glyphosate Formulations /$cCM. Elsik, HM. Stridde.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b1
=520  3\$aN-phosphonomethylglycine (glyphosate) is firmly established as the preeminent herbicide of choice in a wide range of applications for the crop protection industry. It is well known that the efficacy of glyphosate can be enhanced with the use of surfactant adjuvants. Surfactants based on amine chemistry seem to work especially well, and an adjuvant that has found widespread use in glyphosate is the tallowamine ethoxylate. While tallowamine ethoxylates provide excellent efficacy, they also have several limitations. They raise irritancy concerns and limit the maximum loading of glyphosate in the formulation concentrate.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHerbicides.
=650  \0$aHerbicides$xEnvironmental aspects.
=650  \0$aGlyphosate.
=650  \0$aHerbicide.
=650  \0$aFormulation.
=650  \0$aAdjusvant.
=650  \0$aEfficacy.
=650  14$aGlyphosate.
=650  24$aEthylenediamine alkoxylate.
=650  24$aAdjusvant.
=650  24$aFormulation.
=650  24$aEfficacy.
=650  24$aHerbicide.
=700  1\$aStridde, HM.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12911.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12912
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12912$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12912$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP684.C3
=082  04$a665/.353$223
=100  1\$aNarayanan, KS.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aUse of Carbodiimides as Stabilizing Agents to Deliver Water—Labile Active Ingredients in Liquid Systems Including Aqueous Medium—Amitraz as a Case Study /$cKS. Narayanan, DI. Jon, G. Beestman.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aSeveral active ingredients such as sulfonylureas and diimidines (Amitraz) are unstable in water. They undergo hydrolysis producing metabolites that are no longer biologically active. The rate of hydrolysis is a function of several factors, such as the solvent system, access to water, pH, temperature, ionic strength, and the types of emulsifiers used in the liquid matrices. Some of the active ingredients undergo rapid hydrolysis even with the residual water present in the emulsifier system in an organic emulsifiable concentrate formulation. It is therefore difficult to formulate such active ingredients in liquid delivery systems. Use of carbodiimides like Stabaxol I® (bis-2,6-diisopropylphenylcarbodiimide) as a water scavenger to stabilize oil-based formulations for Amitraz is well documented and is commercially practiced. We have found that unique combinations of carbodiimides with specific solvent-emulsifier-polymer blends in a buffered system can produce stable microemulsions of Amitraz in water. Such aqueous formulations with 200–500 ppm Amitraz in >99 % water, were stable with 95 % retention on accelerated storage at 50°C for two weeks. This data translates to greater than two years stability at room temperature. Such formulations may be extended to deliver sulfonylureas. We also observed that the concentrate and the matrix containing Stabaxol I® and emulsifiers can produce gels on storage, adversely affecting physical stability. We have identified several additives and alternatives to prevent gel formation enabling long-term storage stability of the matrix and the concentrate. Examples with supporting data will be provided. A rationale and proposed mechanism for the enhanced stability and potential biological activity will be discussed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCastor oil industry.
=650  \0$aStabaxol.
=650  \0$aCalcium oxide.
=650  \0$aCarbodiimide.
=650  \0$aN-octylpyrrolidone.
=650  \0$aSodium carbonate.
=650  \0$aSorbitan monooleate.
=650  \0$aGlycerol.
=650  \0$aSorbitol.
=650  \0$aGel prevention.
=650  \0$aCattle-dip.
=650  \0$aDessicants.
=650  \0$aMicroemulsions.
=650  \0$aSoluble buffers.
=650  14$aMicroemulsions.
=650  24$aEthoxylated castor oil.
=650  24$aSorbitan monooleate.
=650  24$aN-octylpyrrolidone.
=650  24$aAmitraz.
=650  24$aCarbodiimide.
=650  24$aEpoxidized vegetable oil.
=650  24$aSorbitol.
=650  24$aGlycerol.
=650  24$aGel prevention.
=650  24$aDessicants.
=650  24$aCalcium oxide.
=650  24$aTwin pack.
=650  24$aCattle-dip.
=650  24$aSoluble buffers.
=650  24$aSodium carbonate.
=700  1\$aJon, DI.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBeestman, G.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12912.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12913
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12913$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12913$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aSB951.4
=082  04$a574.5/222$223
=100  1\$aSingh, S.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSuitable Adjuvant to Maximize Trifloxysulfuron Efficacy and Early Assessment of Herbicide Efficacy Using Chlorophyll Fluorescence /$cS. Singh, M. Singh.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b30
=520  3\$aTrifloxysulfuron 2.5, 5, and 10 g ai/ha mixed with non-ionic (0.25% Induce and X-77), organosilicone (0.1 % Kinetic and Silwet L-77), and crop oil concentrate (1 % Agridex and Meth-N-Oil) adjuvants was evaluated for efficacy, surface tension (ST), contact angle (CA), and chlorophyll fluorescence responses in redroot pigweed, prickly sida, and barnyard grass. The lowest ST and CA were recorded with L-77 mixed with trifloxysulfuron. Among the six adjuvants, ST and CA were highest with Meth-N-Oil; however, these differences did not greatly influence herbicide efficacy. No trifloxysulfuron-adjuvant antagonism was found for any weed species. Differences in activities were observed at 2.5 g/ha trifloxysulfuron with different adjuvants; however, activities were comparable when data were averaged over species and rates. All the adjuvants increased trifloxysulfuron efficacy; some differences were observed among the weed species, but adjuvants were equal in improving trifloxysulfuron efficacy. Redroot pigweed was more sensitive to trifloxysulfuron compared to barnyardgrass and prickly sida was least. Chlorophyll fluorescence 1, 4, 7, and 14 days after treatment (DAT) was not greatly inhibited by trifloxysulfuron mixed with different adjuvants. Reduction in chlorophyll fluorescence was recorded 4 DAT in barnyard grass, but the reduction was not proportionate to the mortality and lacked uniformity among different treatments.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHerbicides.
=650  \0$aHerbicides$xEnvironmental aspects.
=650  \0$aPrickly sida.
=650  \0$aRedroot pigweed.
=650  \0$aContact angle.
=650  \0$aSurface tension.
=650  \0$aBarnyard grass.
=650  \0$aSurfactants.
=650  14$aSurfactants.
=650  24$aSurface tension.
=650  24$aContact angle.
=650  24$aRedroot pigweed.
=650  24$aPrickly sida.
=650  24$aBarnyard grass.
=700  1\$aSingh, M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12913.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12914
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12914$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12914$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP1087
=082  04$a668.9/2$223
=100  1\$aBially, PT.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aImproving the Infiltration of Water through Repellent Soils Using Synergistic Surfactant Blends Based on Alkyl Glucosides and Ethylene Oxide-Propylene Oxide Block Copolymers /$cPT. Bially, SJ. Kostka, RC. Buckman.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b22
=520  3\$aSoil water repellency arises as a consequence of initial soil water content and the type of organic matter incorporated into or adsorbed onto the individual soil particles. Water repellent soils create significant agronomic and hydrologic challenges, retarding water infiltration into the soil profile and often rendering entire areas impervious to water penetration. These soils often prevent effective wetting of the rootzone during precipitation or irrigation and lead to increased runoff and leaching of pesticides, fertilizers, and other amendments. Agriculturalists have approached the soil water repellency problem through the use of wetting agent surfactant compositions. The degree of wetting efficacy among surfactant chemistries and formulations has varied significantly. The wetting characteristics of alkyl glucosides and ethylene oxide-propylene block copolymers, two nonionic surfactant classes, were evaluated in the context of improving the infiltration of water through water repellent soil profiles. A laboratory column test was used to measure the initial effectiveness of the wetting agent compositions on synthetically hydrophobized and naturally water repellent soils. A synergistically enhanced wetting rate occurred when the alkyl glucoside to block copolymer ratio was from approximately 6:1 to 0.5:1 by weight, ideally when the ratio was from approximately 4:1 to 0.7:1. Within these ratios, synergism was inversely proportional to the HLB and proportional to the molecular weight of the block copolymer used. This research is the first to demonstrate the promising effects of formulations comprising alkyl glucosides and EO/PO block copolymers on improving the distribution and dynamics of water in repellent soils.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPolymer engineering.
=650  \0$aAlkyl glucoside.
=650  \0$aSoil moisture.
=650  \0$aInfiltration.
=650  14$aAlkyl glucoside.
=650  24$aEthylene oxide-propylene oxide block copolymer.
=650  24$aInfiltration.
=650  24$aWater repellent soils.
=650  24$aSoil moisture.
=700  1\$aKostka, SJ.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBuckman, RC.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12914.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12915
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12915$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12915$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD79.C45
=082  04$a543/.0873$223
=100  1\$aWinowiski, T.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCharacterization of Sulfonated Lignin Dispersants by Hydrophobic Interactive Chromatography /$cT. Winowiski, S. Lebo, K. Gretland, J. Gustafsson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b4
=520  3\$aOrganic surfactants can be produced by sulfonation of lignin that naturally occurs in the structural tissue of plants. These sulfonated lignins often exist as a heterogeneous mixture that is difficult to analyze by conventional means. It is believed that molecular weight and degree of sulfonation impact the hydrophobic balance and subsequent performance of lignin dispersants, but analytical measurements of these properties typically report an average value and give little or no detail about heterogeneity. Each component of this mixture will impart a unique quality to the dispersant and its subsequent effect in the formulation. Hydrophobic Interactive Chromatography (HIC) is useful in separating and characterizing various components of lignin dispersants based on hydrophobic response. For example, Borresperse NA (BNA-6.0) has a high percentage of hydrophilic material that elutes quickly from the column. In contrast, Lignosperse AGO-300 (OXY-2.6) elutes much later and has a strong hydrophobic peak. Both have overlapping middle peaks. These two dispersants are completely water soluble, although their dissolution rates differ. However, significant portions of OXY-2.6 are not soluble in 32-0-0 liquid fertilizer. The fractional percentage of dispersant that remains insoluble in 32-0-0 is predicted by HIC.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aGas chromatography.
=650  \0$aMass spectrometry.
=650  \0$aLignosulfonate.
=650  \0$aLiquid fertilizer.
=650  \0$aDispersant.
=650  \0$aHydrophobicity.
=650  14$aHydrophobicity.
=650  24$aLiquid fertilizer.
=650  24$aDispersant.
=650  24$aLignosulfonate.
=700  1\$aLebo, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGretland, K.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGustafsson, J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12915.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12916
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12916$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12916$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD383.S54
=082  04$a668.4/227$223
=100  1\$aZollinger, RK.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aInfluence of Adjuvants on Weed Control from Tribenuron /$cRK. Zollinger.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aTribenuron is a slow acting sulfonylurea herbicide that becomes more soluble as spray solution pH increases. Data from field research show differences in adjuvant enhancement of tribenuron. The most effective adjuvants with tribenuron were methylated seed oil and basic pH blend adjuvants, but the greatest activity occurred when applied together. The order of tribenuron enhancement from adjuvants was: methylated seed oil & basic pH blend>methylated seed oil=basic pH blend>crop oil concentrate=nonionic surfactant & organosilicone>nonionic surfactant=nonionic surfactant&water conditioner>nonionic surfactant&organosilicone. Methylated seed oil & basic pH blend adjuvant did not entirely overcome tribenuron antagonism of quizalofop. Tribenuron, applied as a soluble granule (SG) formulation and having properties to increase spray solution pH, provided similar weed control at a reduced rate as compared to the commercial extruded paste (XP) formulation of tribenuron. Limited research suggests that applying adjuvants on an area basis provides greater adjuvant enhancement than if applied on a percent volume basis. This would be especially important as spray volume decreases. These results generally support the concept that herbicide solubilization and absorption are necessary to maximize foliar activity.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSilicon polymers.
=650  \0$aElastomers.
=650  \0$aBasic pH blend.
=650  \0$aCrop oil concentrate.
=650  \0$aOrganosilicone.
=650  \0$aMethylated seed oil.
=650  \0$aTribenuron.
=650  \0$aNonionic surfactant.
=650  \0$aSolubility.
=650  14$aBasic pH blend.
=650  24$aMethylated seed oil.
=650  24$aNonionic surfactant.
=650  24$aOrganosilicone.
=650  24$aCrop oil concentrate.
=650  24$aSolubility.
=650  24$aTribenuron.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12916.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12917
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12917$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12917$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTD427.G55
=082  04$a363.7384$223
=100  1\$aZollinger, RK.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aInfluence of Clethodim Formulation and Oil Adjuvants on Weed Control and Overcoming Herbicide Antagonism /$cRK. Zollinger, KA. Howatt.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aClethodim is a non-residual, foliar-applied herbicide that controls grass weeds in many major and minor crops in the United States. Grass control was evaluated in field trials conducted in 2003 and 2004 using commercial clethodim formulations of Select (240 g/L), Arrow (240 g/L), and Prism (113 g/L), and experimental clethodim formulations of V-10117 (226 g/L), V-10139 (192 g/L), and V10137 (113 g/L). Petroleum oil (PO) adjuvant was added to all clethodim treatments except V-10137. The V-10137 formulation of clethodim without petroleum oil (PO) adjuvant gave greater and faster grass control than other formulations of clethodim with PO. Adding PO adjuvant to V-10137 reduced activity except at reduced rates when additional PO or nonionic surfactant increased grass control. All clethodim formulations except Prism and V-10137 caused significant canola injury when applied at post-bolting. V-10137, without additional adjuvants, with less active ingredient concentration, and likely a higher adjuvant load has more grass activity at equivalent rates than other clethodim formulations with PO. Tribenuron applied with clethodim antagonized grass control from Select, Arrow, V-10117, and V-10139, but not V-10137. Grass control was reduced from 99 % when clethodim formulations (except V-10137) were applied alone, to 50 %–80 % when applied with tribenuron. Grass control from V-10137 applied alone or with tribenuron, with or without PO, was greater than 96 %. The K salt of glyphosate was antagonistic to Select and V-10137, but V-10137 overcame most of the antagonism. These results suggest V-10137 activity is greater than commercial clethodim formulations of Select or Arrow, may not require additional oil adjuvant for grass control, is effective with glyphosate, and can overcome tribenuron antagonism. Including an oil adjuvant with V-10137 may not increase grass control in some uses.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aGlyphosate$xEnvironmental aspects.
=650  \0$aGlyphosate$xPhysiological effect.
=650  \0$aAcculturation.
=650  \0$aGlyphosate.
=650  \0$aClethodim.
=650  \0$aFormulation.
=650  \0$aTribenuron.
=650  14$aClethodim.
=650  24$aFormulation.
=650  24$aGlyphosate.
=650  24$aMethylated seed oil adjuvant.
=650  24$aPetroleum oil adjuvant.
=650  24$aTribenuron.
=700  1\$aHowatt, KA.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12917.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12918
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12918$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12918$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQR177
=082  04$a616/.01$223
=100  1\$aStern, AJ.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSurfactant-Enhanced Release of Permethrin from a Cellulosic Granular Carrier /$cAJ. Stern.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b1
=520  3\$aA study was conducted to determine whether the efficacy of pyrethroid insecticides, formulated with Biodac2 (an inert carrier granule derived from paper recycling waste) could be enhanced through the addition of surfactants. Thus, a series of formulations of permethrin on Biodac was prepared so that the effect of several nonionic surfactants on granule efficacy could be studied. To compare the efficacy of the formulations, the granules were tested on imported red fire ants, Solenopsis invicta, under laboratory conditions. Formulations with surfactant outperformed the control formulation (no surfactant) by a wide margin.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aInsecticide Resistance.
=650  \0$aMicrobiology.
=650  \0$aSolenopsis invicta.
=650  \0$aPyrethroid.
=650  \0$aInsecticide.
=650  \0$aPesticide.
=650  \0$aPermethrin.
=650  \0$aFire ants.
=650  \0$aGranules.
=650  \0$aSurfactant.
=650  14$aPermethrin.
=650  24$aInsecticide.
=650  24$aSurfactant.
=650  24$aGranules.
=650  24$aPesticide.
=650  24$aFire ants.
=650  24$aSolenopsis invicta.
=650  24$aPyrethroid.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12918.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12921
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12921$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12921$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aPN1997.5
=082  04$a791.43/72$223
=100  1\$aWolf, RE.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aComparisons of Drift Reducing/Deposition Aid Tank Mixes for Fixed Wing Aerial Applications /$cRE. Wolf, DR. Gardisser, TM. Loughin.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b21
=520  3\$aA field study was conducted to determine the influence of adding spray drift control/deposition aid products to tank mix solutions for fixed wign aerial applications. Downwind horizontal drift, vertical drift, and droplet spectra characteristics in a canopy top were collected on water sensitive paper (WSP) for measurement and analysis. Spread factors for each spray mix sample were determined and were used as part of the analysis procedure with the canopy measurements. DropletScan™ was used to analyze the WSP. Percent area coverage for the horizontal and vertical drift profiles was used as a means to separate differences in treatments. DropletScan™ with adjusted spread factor coefficients was used to calculate Dv.1, Dv.5, and Dv.9 at the canopy top for each treatment. Differences in products at all horizontal and vertical collector positions were measured. When compared to water, results show that some of the products did not provide any benefits for drift reduction and, in fact, may have increased the drift potential. A few of the products exhibited the potential to reduce the amount of drift. Droplet sizes for Dv.1, Dv.5, and Dv.9 increased with the addition of the drift control/deposition aid products into the tank mix. The increases were variable across products and aircraft.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aContinental drift.
=650  \0$aDroplet size.
=650  \0$aDeposition.
=650  \0$aSpread factor.
=650  \0$aDrift.
=650  14$aDrift.
=650  24$aDeposition.
=650  24$aDroplet size.
=650  24$aSpread factor.
=650  24$aDropletScan™.
=700  1\$aGardisser, DR.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLoughin, TM.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12921.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12922
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12922$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12922$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP363
=082  04$a621.402/3$223
=100  1\$aTeske, ME.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFlight Line Variability in Rotary Atomizer Drop Size Distribution /$cME. Teske, HW. Thistle, RC. Reardon, DC. Davies, G. Cormier, RS. Cameron, MY. LeClerc, A. Karipot.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aAn extensive data set generated with a highly instrumented aircraft provides 0.2-s interval data of aircraft and mechanical release system behavior during aerial application. These unique data previously provided an excellent source of information on the variability of aerial application parameters along individual flight lines and enabled a sensitivity analysis to bound the variability in the expected deposition patterns. They also showed how this variability might impact any error bounds established around the time-averaged predictions generated by the AGDISP model. This paper quantifies the variability in the drop size distribution generated by the rotary atomizers and makes suggestions with regard to possible implications of this variability on the variability of deposition predictions across any spray application involving their use. The measured variability may not be unique to rotary atomizers, as a sensitivity study of hydraulic atomizers gives similar results.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSpray combustion.
=650  \0$aEngineering.
=650  \0$aChemical engineering.
=650  \0$aAerial spraying.
=650  \0$aModeling.
=650  \0$aRotary atomizer.
=650  14$aAerial spraying.
=650  24$aRotary atomizer.
=650  24$aFlight line variability.
=650  24$aModeling.
=700  1\$aThistle, HW.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aReardon, RC.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDavies, DC.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aCormier, G.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aCameron, RS.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLeClerc, MY.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKaripot, A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12922.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12924
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12924$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12924$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP363
=082  04$a621.402/3$223
=100  1\$aDowner, RA.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aNozzle Formulation Interactions :$bConsequences for Spray Droplet Adhesion to Plant Surfaces /$cRA. Downer, JK. Hacker, RS. Ebert.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aTests were conducted with a widely used herbicide (glyphosate) that is available in a range of formulations and a selection of commonly used nozzle types [XR TeeJet, extended range flat spray tip (XR), Turbo TeeJet, wide angle flat spray tip (TT), AI TeeJet, Air Induction spray tip (AI)] and determined the rebound characteristics of each combination using a difficult-to-wet foliar crop target (cabbage), an easy-to-wet hairy weed (velvetleaf), and a difficult-to-wet weed (lambsquarters). The rebound was determined under standard spraying conditions in a track room using a “bounce chamber” constructed at The Laboratory for Pest Control Application Technology (LPCAT). The amount of spray liquid retained and reflected from the leaf surfaces was determined by weight. The data showed that there were no significant differences between the nozzles, but that formulation differences did occur and were a reflection of surfactant level in the spray mixture. There was a significant formulation X leaf interaction and leaf X nozzle interaction, but not a formulation X nozzle interaction.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSpray combustion.
=650  \0$aEngineering.
=650  \0$aChemical engineering.
=650  \0$aDroplet rebound.
=650  \0$aGlyphosate.
=650  \0$aLeaf surface.
=650  \0$aBounce chamber.
=650  \0$aSurfactant.
=650  14$aDroplet rebound.
=650  24$aBounce chamber.
=650  24$aSurfactant.
=650  24$aGlyphosate.
=650  24$aLeaf surface.
=700  1\$aHacker, JK.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aEbert, RS.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12924.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12925
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12925$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12925$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aSB951.3
=082  04$a632/.4$223
=100  1\$aHazen, JL.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFatty Amine Alkoxylates as Effective Adjuvants for Strobilurin Fungicide Applications on Field and Orchard Crops /$cJL. Hazen.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b1
=520  3\$aAgrochemical adjuvants are widely used to improve the efficacy of pesticide applications. Improvement can be interpreted as “better weed control,” “better disease control,” or “reducing the amount of active ingredient required” for control. Claims related to the adjuvant function vary from “wetter,” “spreader,” and “sticker” to “penetrant” and “synergist.” While most activator adjuvants are applied as ‘tank mix’ additives, the fatty amine alkoxylates are also suitable as formulation-adjuvants for in-can product developments.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFungicide resistance.
=650  \0$aPhytopathogenic fungi.
=650  \0$aFungicide.
=650  \0$aTriazole.
=650  \0$aStrobilurin.
=650  \0$aAdjuvant.
=650  \0$aTank mix.
=650  \0$aEfficacy.
=650  14$aAdjuvant.
=650  24$aTank mix.
=650  24$aStrobilurin.
=650  24$aTriazole.
=650  24$aFungicide.
=650  24$aEfficacy.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12925.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12926
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12926$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12926$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP363
=082  04$a621.402/3$223
=100  1\$aZhu, H.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFluorescent Intensity of Dye Solutions under Different pH Conditions /$cH. Zhu, RC. Derksen, CR. Krause, RD. Fox, RD. Brazee, HE. Ozkan.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aFluorescent tracers are widely used for assessment of spray quantity in the field due to their relatively high sensitivity, low cost and user safety. However, many concerns have been raised over their measurement accuracy due to questions of stability of fluorescence during tests. Stable analysis of fluorescence is essential to ensure accurate evaluation of pesticide spray application efficiency. The objective of this research was to determine the stability of fluorescent intensity of five tracers dissolved in solutions with various pH conditions in an effort to minimize analytical errors in the measurement of spray deposition and drift. The fluorescent intensity of five fluorescent tracers commonly used for the quantitative assessment of spray deposition and off-target loss was investigated with wash solutions over pH conditions from 6.9–10.4. The tracers selected in the tests were Brilliant Sulfaflavine (BSF), Fluorescein, Pyranine, Tinopal, and Eosin. The fluorescence of Pyranine was the most sensitive to the solution pH conditions, followed by Fluorescein and Tinopal, while BSF and Eosin had a nearly constant fluorescent intensity over the pH range from 6.9–10.4. The fluorescence of Fluorescein increased 1.3 times, Tinopal 1.25 times, and Pyranine 3.0 times as the pH value increased from 6.9–8.4, but it became nearly constant when pH value was greater than 8.4. However, Pyranine, Fluorescein, and Tinopal showed much stronger fluorescence than BSF and Eosin. A solution containing Fluorescein at pH 8.4 and higher demonstrated 83 times greater fluorescent intensity than the solution containing the same amount of BSF. In conclusion, the fluorescence of tracers should be examined under various pH conditions during the selection of tracers for pesticide spray deposition and drift trials.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSpray combustion.
=650  \0$aEngineering.
=650  \0$aChemical engineering.
=650  \0$aPesticide.
=650  \0$aDeposition.
=650  \0$aWash solution.
=650  \0$aFluorescence tracer.
=650  \0$aSpray drift.
=650  14$aFluorescence tracer.
=650  24$aSpray drift.
=650  24$aDeposition.
=650  24$aWash solution.
=650  24$aPesticide.
=700  1\$aDerksen, RC.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKrause, CR.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFox, RD.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBrazee, RD.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aOzkan, HE.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12926.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12928
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12928$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12928$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP363
=082  04$a621.402/3$223
=100  1\$aKrevalis, MA.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDearomatized Fluids Used in Phenoxy Herbicides for Right-of-Way Sprays /$cMA. Krevalis.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b21
=520  3\$aMiddle distillates, such as kerosene or diesel, are often used as carriers and adjuvants in phenoxy herbicides for turf, right-of-way sprays, and other applications. In recent years, however, the use of middle distillates in these applications has come under pressure due to toxicity concerns. As an alternative to these middle distillates, it has been proposed that dearomatized fluids could be used in these applications, potentially giving better performance. The lower volatility and lower phytotoxicity of the dearomatized fluid may promote enhanced uptake of the herbicide, resulting in improved performance. To test this proposal, a study was conducted comparing the use of dearomatized hydrocarbon fluids (such as Exxsol® D110 fluid) as both solvent and adjuvant to the use of kerosene/diesel as the solvent/adjuvant combination in right-of-way sprays. The herbicide product 2,4-D Ester was applied to three vegetation types at two rates, the vegetation types including kochia, marestail, and horsetail. Results from the study showed that the 2,4-D Ester gave good control of marestail and equisetum, but only poor control of kochia. In all cases, the dearomatized fluid performed as well as kerosene/diesel, demonstrating that dearomatized fluids can be used as a safe replacement for middle distillates in these applications.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSpray combustion.
=650  \0$aEngineering.
=650  \0$aChemical engineering.
=650  \0$aDiesel.
=650  \0$aMiddle distillates.
=650  \0$aPhenoxy herbicides.
=650  \0$aRight-of-way sprays.
=650  14$aPhenoxy herbicides.
=650  24$aDearomatized hydrocarbon fluids.
=650  24$aDiesel.
=650  24$aMiddle distillates.
=650  24$aRight-of-way sprays.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12928.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12931
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12931$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12931$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD506
=082  04$a541.3/3$223
=100  1\$aMontes, F.,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA New Test Method for Porosity Measurements of Portland Cement Pervious Concrete /$cF. Montes, S. Valavala, LM. Haselbach.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aPervious concrete is emerging as an alternative material for paving to help curtail nonpoint source pollution problems. The porosity of pervious concrete is an important variable needed for pavement system design and for material comparisons. This paper researches a method for measuring the porosity of pervious concrete from field-obtained cores by applying the Archimedes principle and using standard materials laboratory equipment. The error between different operators at different testing facilities was found to be around 2.2 % porosity.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPorous materials.
=650  \0$aNanoparticules.
=650  \0$aSurface chemistry.
=650  \0$aNo-fines concrete.
=650  \0$aPervious concrete.
=650  \0$aPorous concrete.
=650  \0$aVoid content.
=650  \0$aPorosity.
=650  14$aPervious concrete.
=650  24$aPorosity.
=650  24$aVoid content.
=650  24$aNo-fines concrete.
=650  24$aPorous concrete.
=650  24$aRunoff.
=650  24$aNonpoint source pollution.
=700  1\$aValavala, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHaselbach, LM.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12931.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12933
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12933$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12933$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA460
=082  04$a620.16$223
=100  1\$aTüzün, FN.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Effect of Ammonium Nitrate, Coarse/Fine Ammonium Nitrate Ratio, Plasticizer, Bonding Agent, and Fe2O3 Content on Ballistic and Mechanical Properties of Hydroxyl Terminated Polybutadiene Based Composite Propellants Containing 20 % AP /$cFN. Tüzün, BZ. Uysal.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b24
=520  3\$aIt was aimed to develop the HTPB (hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene) based composite solid propellant with reduced smoke in acceptable mechanical and ballistic properties by using AN (ammonium nitrate) and AP (ammonium perchlorate) as oxidizing agents. For this reason, five different combinations, employed by increasing the AN content as 33, 43, 53, 63, and 73 % and decreasing the AP content as 40, 30, 20, 10, and 0 % were used. The propellant containing 20 % AP and 53 % AN was selected to have good processability and lower smoke content among five compositions.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMetals$xMechanical properties.
=650  \0$aCoarse/fine AN ratio.
=650  \0$aPlasticizer.
=650  \0$aBallistic properties.
=650  \0$aMechanical properties.
=650  \0$aBonding agent.
=650  14$aCoarse/fine AN ratio.
=650  24$aBonding agent.
=650  24$aPlasticizer.
=650  24$aFe2O3.
=650  24$aBallistic properties.
=650  24$aMechanical properties.
=700  1\$aUysal, BZ.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12933.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12934
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12934$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12934$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA355
=082  04$a621.8/11$223
=100  1\$aSeah, KHW,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDamping Behavior of AI6061/Albite MMCs /$cKHW Seah, SC. Sharma, M. Krishna.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b24
=520  3\$aAI6061 based metal matrix composites (MMCs) were prepared with 2, 4, and 6 % by weight of albite particulates, respectively, using the liquid metallurgical technique. Sample specimens of dimensions 70 mm by 10 mm by 2 mm were machined from the prepared ingots. The damping properties of the unreinforced matrix alloy and the MMCs were studied over a temperature range of 50° C to 500°C using a dynamic mechanical analyzer. The damping capacity of the composites was observed to increase with the increase in temperature whereas the dynamic modulus was found to decrease with increase in temperature. The damping capacity at a lower temperature may be attributed to the coefficient of thermal expansion mismatch induced dislocations and intrinsic damping of the matrix alloy whereas damping capacity at a higher temperature may be attributed to the matrix/reinforcement interface. Theoretical calculations accurately predicted the damping capacities of the specimen materials only up to the eutectic temperature of the matrix material (200°C). Above this temperature, the discrepancy between theoretical and experimental values increased sharply with increase in temperature. An explanation for this phenomenon is proposed in this paper.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aDamping (Mechanics)
=650  \0$aDynamics, Rigid.
=650  \0$aAlbite.
=650  \0$aAI6061 alloy.
=650  \0$aDamping capacity.
=650  14$aAI6061 alloy.
=650  24$aAlbite.
=650  24$aMMCs.
=650  24$aDamping capacity.
=650  24$aCoefficient of thermal expansion.
=700  1\$aSharma, SC.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKrishna, M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12934.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12936
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12936$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12936$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.2
=082  04$a620.1/9204232$223
=100  1\$aNihal Tüzün, F.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Effect of Aluminum Content Variation on Burning Rate, Pressure-Propellant Area Ratio Relationship, and Other Properties of Hydroxyl Terminated Polybutadiene Based Composite Propellants /$cF. Nihal Tüzün.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b22
=520  3\$aIn this study, three different HTPB (hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene) based composite propellants were developed by varying the aluminium (Al) content 16, 18, and 20 %; and the effect of aluminium content variation on burning rate, P-K relationship, viscosity, heat of explosion, density, and hardness of the propellants developed were investigated. Propellants were cured at 65°C for 7 days, and then applied to the small test motors and kept at three different temperatures (−42, −15, and 50°C) for a night (8 h) before testing. Tests on the small motors were performed with three different K values (200, 250, and 300) statically. As a result of this, two relationships were determined, and the coefficients of those relationships are also given in Table 1.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aViscoelastic materials$xMechanical properties.
=650  \0$aBurning rate.
=650  \0$aAluminium.
=650  \0$aHeat of explosion.
=650  \0$aDensity.
=650  \0$aViscosity.
=650  14$aAluminium.
=650  24$aBurning rate.
=650  24$aPressure-propellant area ratio.
=650  24$aViscosity.
=650  24$aDensity.
=650  24$aHeat of explosion.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12936.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12939
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12939$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12939$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTD193
=082  04$a628.5/2/0287$223
=100  1\$aChan, C.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSpatial Variations in Material Properties of Segmental Retaining Wall (SRW) Units, Part II :$bSampling Considerations for Absorption Tests /$cC. Chan, KC. Hover, KJ. Folliard.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (18 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b2
=520  3\$aPart I (Observed Variations) of this article summarized observed spatial variations in material properties that could exist in Segmental Retaining Wall (SRW) units. As a continuation of Part I, Part II of this article examines in more detail the statistical significance of these observed variations and the implications of such variations on sampling and test result interpretation. It was demonstrated that the observed spatial variations were statistically significant along the casting direction (parabolic distribution) and in a direction away from the split face (linear distribution). As a result of these variations, an analysis involving test simulations showed that, depending on how specimens are sampled, a technician could interpret the SRW unit as being either very uniform or marginally uniform. The effect of increasing the quantity of specimens per test was only to modestly improve the expected value of the perceived test variation, though the range of possible values of perceived variation was substantially narrowed. This analysis also showed that variations in test results decreased with increasing soak time. Finally, an alternate method of specimen sampling (stratified random sampling) was explored and shown to yield slightly more consistent test results by reducing the overall variability in test results.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSampling (Statistics)
=650  \0$aNATURE$xAnimals$xGeneral.
=650  \0$aSampling.
=650  \0$aGeneral Linear Model.
=650  \0$aAbsorption.
=650  \0$aSpatial variation.
=650  \0$aConcrete masonry.
=650  14$aSegmental retaining wall (SRW)
=650  24$aAbsorption.
=650  24$aGeneral Linear Model.
=650  24$aSampling.
=650  24$aSpatial variation.
=650  24$aConcrete masonry.
=650  24$aSimple random sampling.
=650  24$aStratified random sampling.
=700  1\$aHover, KC.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFolliard, KJ.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12939.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12940
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12940$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12940$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTE7
=082  04$a625.7/35$223
=100  1\$aDilek, U.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffects of Proposed Well-Graded Aggregate Gradations on Frost Durability of Concrete /$cU. Dilek, ML. Leming.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b18
=520  3\$aMore stringent gradation requirements than found in ASTM C 33 are sometimes specified to provide a more well-graded particle size distribution, presumably reducing voids, improving workability, thereby reducing water demand, and requiring less cement. Little information is available regarding the effects of gradation on frost durability. A two-phase study examined the effects of selected aggregate gradations on water demand, selected mechanical properties, and deicer salt scaling resistance. In the first phase, the effects of the “8-to-18” combined aggregate gradation, using crushed stone and natural sand, were examined. In the second phase, the effects of fine aggregate gradation were examined for manufactured sands with different angularities. This study found that water demand and deicer salt scaling were both compromised using the “8-to-18” approach. Little, if any, real difference in water demand and scaling resistance between well-graded and uniformly graded manufactured sands was found, however, angularity did have a significant effect.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAggregate gradation.
=650  \0$aRoad construction.
=650  \0$aWater demand.
=650  \0$aScaling resistance.
=650  \0$aFrost durability.
=650  14$a8–18 gradation.
=650  24$aCombined aggregate gradation.
=650  24$aFine aggregate gradation.
=650  24$aWell-graded aggregates.
=650  24$aWater demand.
=650  24$aFrost durability.
=650  24$aScaling resistance.
=700  1\$aLeming, ML.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12940.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12942
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12942$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12942$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA462
=082  04$a620.1/1223$223
=100  1\$aSabol, GP.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aZIRLO™ — An Alloy Development Success /$cGP. Sabol.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (22 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b41
=520  3\$aSignificant data and milestones in the development of the ZIRLO alloy for PWR applications are reviewed. From humble beginnings as an R&D program, an approach to improving the corrosion resistance of zirconium-based alloys was developed. The corrosion resistance of dilute alloys is controlled by the microstructure, and both solid solution and precipitate effects impact corrosion performance. Several transition metals are beneficial for corrosion at low concentrations, but the most favorable alloy system is zirconium-niobium, because it offers flexibility in processing options. Strength of the binary alloys can be improved by additions of tin, which, in combination with low levels of iron, provide corrosion resistance in lithium hydroxide solutions. Numerous experimental ingots, thermo-mechanical processing routes, corrosion tests, and materials characterizations were performed along the path to the final alloy composition. The resulting material, ZIRLO, has proven itself as a successful alloy for PWR fuel cladding and structural applications.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCorrosion and anti-corrosives.
=650  \0$aMetals$xDefects.
=650  \0$aLithium hydroxide.
=650  \0$aMicrostructure.
=650  \0$aFuel cladding.
=650  \0$aGrowth.
=650  \0$aNiobium.
=650  \0$aZirconium.
=650  \0$aCorrosion.
=650  \0$aIn-reactor corrosion.
=650  \0$aIron.
=650  \0$aPrecipitates.
=650  \0$aZirconium alloys.
=650  \0$aHeat treatment.
=650  14$aZirconium.
=650  24$aZirconium alloys.
=650  24$aZIRLO.
=650  24$aZircaloy-4.
=650  24$aTin.
=650  24$aNiobium.
=650  24$aIron.
=650  24$aCorrosion.
=650  24$aWater.
=650  24$aSteam.
=650  24$aLithium hydroxide.
=650  24$aIn-reactor corrosion.
=650  24$aMicrostructure.
=650  24$aPrecipitates.
=650  24$aFuel cladding.
=650  24$aHeat treatment.
=650  24$aCreep.
=650  24$aGrowth.
=650  24$aPWRs.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12942.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12945
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12945$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12945$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA460
=082  04$a620.16$223
=100  1\$aTenckhoff, E.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aReview of Deformation Mechanisms, Texture, and Mechanical Anisotropy in Zirconium and Zirconium Base Alloys /$cE. Tenckhoff.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (26 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b82
=520  3\$aThe deformation systems in hexagonal close-packed (hcp) metals are not as symmetrically distributed as in cubic ones. Furthermore, because the primary slip systems are not as numerous and are limited to deformations in the <a> direction, twinning competes with slip in plastic deformation and can, depending on the deformation conditions, play an essential role. In order to explain the conditions in Zirconium and Zircaloy, the well-established relationships of hcp metals are discussed and so are their dependencies on the metal-specific parameters of the hexagonal structure. The interactions between deformation mechanisms and texture formation on the one side and deformation mechanisms and mechanical anisotropy on the other can be likewise transferred to other hcp metals, if one takes into account the differences in dependence of the metal-specific parameters.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMetals$xMechanical properties.
=650  \0$aTexture.
=650  \0$aZirconium.
=650  \0$aMechanical anisotropy.
=650  14$aZirconium.
=650  24$aZirconium base alloys.
=650  24$aDeformation mechanisms.
=650  24$aTexture.
=650  24$aMechanical anisotropy.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12945.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12946
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12946$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12946$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA455.P5
=082  04$a620.1/92392$223
=100  1\$aLafhaj, Z.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aExperimental Determination of Relative Permeability of Sand /$cZ. Lafhaj, F. Skoczylas, T. Dubois, E. Dana.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b23
=520  3\$aIn order to measure the water-retention and relative permeability of a sandy soil, an experimental device, initially designed in our laboratory for sandstone, was adapted. The method of measurement used is based upon the steady state method which is regarded as an efficient method to produce an accurate measurement of relative permeability. Liquid and gas are simultaneously injected, and measurements of pressure drop and saturation are made when steady state is reached. These measurements are generally conducted under small pressure gradients and over reasonable time periods. The main objective of this paper explains the special difficulties which had to be overcome as a result of the cohesionless nature of sand. The most important steps will be presented and analyzed. Once the final device had been fabricated, experiments conducted on fine sand were carried out and led to the determination of the water-retention and relative permeability curves of the sandy soil. The experimental results obtained showed a very good consistency of curve measurements.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPlastics$xPermeability.
=650  \0$aElastomers$xPermeability.
=650  \0$aSteady state regime.
=650  \0$aSandy soil.
=650  \0$aExperiment.
=650  14$aExperiment.
=650  24$aRelative permeability.
=650  24$aSandy soil.
=650  24$aSteady state regime.
=700  1\$aSkoczylas, F.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDubois, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDana, E.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12946.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12952
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12952$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12952$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQH212.N43
=082  04$a621.36$223
=100  1\$aFrihart, CR.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAdhesive Bonding and Performance Testing of Bonded Wood Products /$cCR. Frihart.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b22
=520  3\$aDespite the importance of durable wood bonds, the factors that lead to durability are not well understood, and the internal forces exerted upon the bondline are often overlooked. Durability requires that the bonded assembly resist dimensional changes of wood with fluctuation of wood moisture levels. Both bonding and bond breaking steps need to be understood at cellular and nanoscale, in addition to the larger spatial scales normally examined. With both internal and external forces being significant, interphase and bulk adhesive properties need to be better understood. Systematic studies of the bonding process, the forces upon the bondline, and the locus of failure using different types of adhesives and wood species should improve our ability to design wood adhesives. Modifications of wood surfaces, along with spectroscopic and microscopic analyses, are important tools to understand bond formation and failure.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aNanotechnology.
=650  \0$aNear-field microscopy.
=650  \0$aBond failure.
=650  \0$aBond formation.
=650  \0$aCellular.
=650  \0$aMicroscopy.
=650  14$aWood.
=650  24$aBond formation.
=650  24$aBond failure.
=650  24$aCellular.
=650  24$aMicroscopy.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12952.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12953
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12953$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12953$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.2
=082  04$a620.1/9204232$223
=100  1\$aMoonay, DJ.,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA New Low Cost Method For Measuring the Viscoelastic Behavior of Adhesives /$cDJ. Moonay, RG. McGregor, RA. Mastria.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b4
=520  3\$aA rotational benchtop Rheometer with vane spindles can be used to measure the static yield stress behavior of materials. By running at different rotational speeds, the Rheometer data can be equated with the viscoelastic information determined by an oscillating rheometer. The rotational Rheometer offers a less expensive method suitable for Quality Control needs.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aViscoelastic materials$xMechanical properties.
=650  \0$aViscoelastic.
=650  \0$aRotational rheometer.
=650  \0$aYield stress.
=650  14$aYield stress.
=650  24$aViscoelastic.
=650  24$aRotational rheometer.
=700  1\$aMcGregor, RG.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMastria, RA.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12953.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12954
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12954$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12954$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK7870.15
=082  04$a621.381/046$223
=100  1\$aLenwari, A.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSED Method of Measuring Yield Strength of Adhesives and Other Materials /$cA. Lenwari, P. Albrecht, M. Albrecht.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (18 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aThe strain energy density (SED) method of determining the yield strength of adhesives and other materials that is based on the fundamental principles of mechanics is described in this paper. The results from two sets of tests are reported. In the first set, the yield strength of multiple specimens made of the adhesive FM 300K was determined in the dry/cold, moderate, and humid/hot environments; the strain rates were 10−2/s, 10−4/s, and 10−6/s. In the second set, single specimens of five other adhesives were tested in the dry/cold and humid/hot environments; the strain rate was 10−4/s. Fifty-three out of the 60 specimens have yield strengths calculated with the SED method that are equal to or lower than the values obtained with the 0.2% offset method suggested in the ASTM specifications. The SED method is most valuable when the stress-strain curve of the material exhibits a gradual transition from elastic to the inelastic behavior typical of polymers, aluminum, and some very high strength steels. To ensure the safety of bonded structures, the yield strength of adhesives should be determined with the SED method, which is based on the fundamental principles of mechanics, instead of on an arbitrary estimate of strain offset. Although applied in this paper to stress-strain curves of adhesives, the SED method may also discern the onset of yielding and instability in columns and beams. To ensure that the yield strength of adhesives for bonding load-bearing structures is not systematically overestimated, the authors recommend using the SED method in lieu of the 0.2% offset method.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAdhesive joints.
=650  \0$aStrain rate.
=650  \0$aTemperature.
=650  \0$aYield strength.
=650  \0$aAdhesives.
=650  \0$aMetallic materials.
=650  \0$aEnvironment.
=650  \0$aRelative humidity.
=650  14$aYield strength.
=650  24$aAdhesives.
=650  24$aMetallic materials.
=650  24$aStrain energy density.
=650  24$aEnvironment.
=650  24$aRelative humidity.
=650  24$aTemperature.
=650  24$aStrain rate.
=700  1\$aAlbrecht, P.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAlbrecht, M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12954.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12955
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12955$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12955$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA660.J64
=082  04$a624.1/77$223
=100  1\$aSimón, JC.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCharacterizing Dynamic Fracture Behavior of Adhesive Joints under Quasi-Static and Impact Loading /$cJC. Simón, E. Johnson, DA. Dillard.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (19 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aAn experimental evaluation of the dynamic fracture properties of an automotive epoxy is presented. Pronounced stick-slip behavior was observed in both quasi-static and impact tests of aluminum and composite adherends bonded with this adhesive. An experimental technique for conducting low speed impact of adhesively bonded automotive composite joints is presented. Based on the use of a modified drop tower, mode I, II, and mixed mode values for critical energy release rate were determined to create a fracture envelope for the composite/epoxy system. Because load measurements are erratic and unreliable at higher test rates, displacement-based relationships were used to quantify these energy release rates. Displacement data were collected with an imaging system that utilizes edge detection to determine displacement profiles, end displacements, and opening displacements where applicable. Because of the resolution of the image-based approach being used, determining crack length experimentally is difficult. As a result, numerical methods based on edge detection algorithms were developed to objectively determine the crack length based on the available experimental data in mode I, II, and mixed mode I/II configurations.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aJoints (Engineering)
=650  \0$aComposite.
=650  \0$aFracture.
=650  \0$aMixed-mode I/II.
=650  \0$aStick-slip.
=650  \0$aAdhesive joint.
=650  \0$aFalling wedge test.
=650  \0$aImpact.
=650  14$aFracture.
=650  24$aImpact.
=650  24$aMode I.
=650  24$aMode II.
=650  24$aMixed-mode I/II.
=650  24$aAdhesive joint.
=650  24$aComposite.
=650  24$aFalling wedge test.
=650  24$aFracture failure envelope.
=650  24$aStick-slip.
=650  24$aUnstable crack growth.
=650  24$aEpoxy.
=700  1\$aJohnson, E.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDillard, DA.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12955.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12956
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12956$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12956$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK7870.15
=082  04$a621.381/046$223
=100  1\$aO'Brien, EP.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aInterfacial Diffusion of Fluids in Pressure Sensitive Adhesives /$cEP. O'Brien, TC. Ward.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b23
=520  3\$aDiffusion of acetone at the interface of a bonded pressure sensitive adhesive tape was measured using single frequency capacitance measurements (SFCM) and a novel interdigitated electrode sensor design. The relative concentration of acetone at the bondline as a function of distance from the edge of the specimen and exposure time was correlated to adhesion loss measured by the 90° peel test. This work suggests that these novel sensors are applicable for the study of interfacial diffusion processes, and could be extended to other coatings or adhesives in a variety of environments.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAdhesive joints.
=650  \0$aImpedance.
=650  \0$aDiffusion.
=650  \0$aCoatings.
=650  \0$aInterfaces.
=650  \0$aDurability.
=650  \0$aNeutron reflectivity.
=650  14$aInterfaces.
=650  24$aImpedance.
=650  24$aDielectric spectroscopy.
=650  24$aNon-destructive testing.
=650  24$aDurability.
=650  24$aDiffusion.
=650  24$aCoatings.
=650  24$aWater.
=650  24$aNeutron reflectivity.
=700  1\$aWard, TC.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12956.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12957
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12957$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12957$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC454.L3
=082  04$a535.8/4$223
=100  1\$aScott, CT.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMethod for Quantifying Percentage Wood Failure in Block-Shear Specimens by a Laser Scanning Profilometer /$cCT. Scott, R. Hernandez, C. Frihart, R. Gleisner, T. Tice.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b4
=520  3\$aA new method for quantifying percentage wood failure of an adhesively bonded block-shear specimen has been developed. This method incorporates a laser displacement gage with an automated two-axis positioning system that functions as a highly sensitive profilometer. The failed specimen is continuously scanned across its width to obtain a surface failure profile. The laser is then moved incrementally along the length of the specimen and repeatedly scanned to obtain a three-dimensional digital profile of the surface. This digital profile can then be reconstructed and analyzed with appropriate software. Special algorithms are used to quantify percentage wood failure and degree of wood failure (depth of wood failure) and to recognize various surface anomalies, such as bondline voids. This paper presents exploratory data on several different types of wood failures and correlates these measurements to the visual inspections of skilled evaluators. The device is very sensitive to most observed failures, particularly those with deep wood failure. However, shallow failures close to the bondline can be problematic. The algorithms allow a “roughness” tolerance to be specified to characterize these surfaces. This new method will be useful for automating measurement of wood failure in block-shear specimens with good precision and repeatability.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aLaser spectroscopy.
=650  \0$aWood failure.
=650  \0$aAdhesion.
=650  \0$aBlock-shear.
=650  \0$aLaser.
=650  \0$aProfilometer.
=650  14$aLaser.
=650  24$aProfilometer.
=650  24$aAdhesion.
=650  24$aBlock-shear.
=650  24$aWood failure.
=700  1\$aHernandez, R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFrihart, C.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGleisner, R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTice, T.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12957.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12958
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12958$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12958$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK7870.15
=082  04$a621.381/046$223
=100  1\$aGitis, NV.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAdvanced Methods of Coating Adhesion Testing /$cNV. Gitis, J. Xiao, M. Vinogradov.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (5 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b4
=520  3\$aAdhesion of coatings from 1 nm to 0.1 mm was successfully evaluated with multi-sensing technology, based on simultaneous high-resolution force, electrical, and acoustic measurements. Sharp changes in the signals were indicative of the thresholds of adhesion and delamination for various thin and thick coatings during scratching and indenting with several test tools, both sharp (diamond tips) and dull (balls)
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAdhesive joints.
=650  \0$aTesting.
=650  \0$aAdhesion.
=650  \0$aCoatings.
=650  \0$aThin films.
=650  14$aAdhesion.
=650  24$aCoatings.
=650  24$aThin films.
=650  24$aTesting.
=700  1\$aXiao, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aVinogradov, M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12958.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12959
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12959$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12959$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA660.J64
=082  04$a624.1/77$223
=100  1\$aWheeler, GE.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFracture Mechanics Applied to Adhesive Joints /$cGE. Wheeler, BS. Madsen, KL. DeVries.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (19 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aSince the advent of synthetic adhesives in the middle of the last century, the growth in their usage has been so phenomenal that a handbook, the International Plastics Selector-Adhesives, published by D.A.T.A. in 1991, lists some 5000 different adhesive formulations that are commercially available. Despite their wide usage, much is not well understood about adhesives and adhesive joint failure. A few observations relevant to this discussion of Fracture Mechanics Analysis of Adhesive Joints are: (a) The stress distribution in such joints is never as simple as often assumed, and the usually reported “standard test results” often completely ignore the most important aspects of the stress distribution. (b) Crack growth does not always initiate at the point of maximum stresses in an adhesive joint. (c) The locus of adhesive crack growth is often somewhat removed from the adhesive-substrate bond-line, but there are instances where it closely follows this bond-line. (d) Adhesive Fracture Mechanics analysis can provide significant information on the resolution of questions raised in these observations. This presentation will review some of the work in these areas by graduate students in our laboratory. Some of the cited work was accomplished by previous lab students. Other parts of the cited work are from ongoing research by current students. The presentation will endeavor to demonstrate that: (a) Adhesive Fracture Mechanics can be used to quantitatively predict the strength of adhesive joints and, more particularly, to elucidate the effects of such factors as adherend thickness, adhesive thickness (and variation), amount of overlap, geometric configuration, material discontinuities, etc. (b) Other factors being equal, crack growth tends to initiate at locations of maximum energy release rate irrespective of whether or not these are points of maximum stresses. (c) The preferred locus of crack growth is along those paths for which the energy release rate is a maximum. In each of these cases, results of a fracture mechanics analysis will be presented along with experimental verification of the analyses.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aJoints (Engineering)
=650  \0$aAdherends.
=650  \0$aAdhesive joints.
=650  \0$aNormal stress.
=650  \0$aShear stress.
=650  14$aAdhesive joints.
=650  24$aAdherends.
=650  24$aShear stress.
=650  24$aNormal stress.
=700  1\$aMadsen, BS.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDeVries, KL.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12959.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12960
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12960$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12960$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA440
=082  04$a620.1/3623$223
=100  1\$aLee, M-G,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Study of Bond Strength and Bond Durability of Reactive Powder Concrete /$cM-G Lee, C-T Chiu, Y-C Wang.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b8
=520  3\$aThis research project aims to use reactive powder concrete, RPC, as a new repair material and evaluate its bond strength and bond durability to existing concrete. One accelerated aging environment, namely a freeze-thaw cycle acceleration deterioration test, was selected for the evaluation of bond durability of the repair materials. Before and after aging, the samples were evaluated by the compressive strength, bond strength (slant shear test), steel pull out strength, and relative dynamic modulus NDT tests.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAir-entrained concrete$xTesting.
=650  \0$aFreeze thaw durability.
=650  \0$aBond strength.
=650  \0$aFreeze-thaw.
=650  \0$aBond durability.
=650  14$aBond strength.
=650  24$aBond durability.
=650  24$aFreeze-thaw.
=650  24$aReactive powder concrete.
=650  24$aRelative dynamic modulus.
=700  1\$aChiu, C-T,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWang, Y-C,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12960.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12961
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12961$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12961$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD79.C45
=082  04$a543/.0873$223
=100  1\$aHuang, S-C,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEvaluation of Different Techniques for Adhesive Properties of Asphalt-Filler Systems at Interfacial Region /$cS-C Huang, TF. Turner, AT. Pauli, FP. Miknis, JF. Branthaver, RE. Robertson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aAsphalt is a widely variable product used in public roadways at the rate of 30 million tons per year and is thus the largest volume of adhesive used in any application. Considering the commercial importance of asphalt, several analytical techniques were employed to investigate its adhesive properties. These techniques include the specially designed sliding plate viscometer, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), atomic force microscopy (AFM), liquid chromatography, centrifugation, and infrared (IR) spectroscopy. The specially designed sliding plate rheometer was used to measure the rheological properties of asphalt film in contact with aggregate surface at thin film levels. DSC was applied to measure the effect of fine particles on the low temperature properties. AFM was used to produce a photo-like image of adhesion between asphalt and mineral fines. Chromatography and centrifugation techniques were used to separate the adsorbable, polar asphalt components from aggregate surfaces. Infrared spectroscopy was used to determine the quantities and natures of adsorbed molecules. The results of these asphalt-aggregate experiments have shown what types of organic molecules in asphalt adsorb onto aggregate surfaces. Aggregates are shown to adsorb large concentrations of the most polar functional groups found in asphalts. In addition, the theory of Interfacial Morphological Stability has been used to model air-asphalt film and asphalt film-glass substrate interfacial systems. Separately, a wet-packing chromatographic technique was developed to use pulverized aggregate to separate cyclohexane solutions of asphalt into polar and non-polar components. Furthermore, the DSC evidence suggests the immobilization of a surface layer of binder in contact with aggregate induces a large rigid, amorphous fraction of the binder. These methods have been employed to characterize the fundamentals of asphalt-aggregate interaction in order to devise improved road performance predictive tests.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aGas chromatography.
=650  \0$aMass spectrometry.
=650  \0$aAdhesion.
=650  \0$aCentrifugation.
=650  \0$aBinder.
=650  \0$aAsphalt.
=650  \0$aChromatography.
=650  14$aAsphalt.
=650  24$aBinder.
=650  24$aAsphalt-aggregate interaction.
=650  24$aAdhesion.
=650  24$aChromatography.
=650  24$aCentrifugation.
=650  24$aSliding plate viscometer.
=650  24$aDifferential scanning calorimetry.
=650  24$aAtomic force microscopy.
=700  1\$aTurner, TF.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPauli, AT.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMiknis, FP.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBranthaver, JF.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRobertson, RE.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12961.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12962
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12962$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12962$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP1180.E6
=082  04$a668.4/226$223
=100  1\$aMoonay, DJ.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aNew Technique for Measuring Extended Viscosity Ranges - Gel Times, Pot Life, or Cure Monitoring - with Programmable Rotational Viscometers or Rheometers /$cDJ. Moonay.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b2
=520  3\$aA new algorithm written in commercially available software controls programmable viscometers and rheometers so that multiple decades of apparent viscosity data may be acquired. This work is new and important because previous methods involved either: (1) very simple instrumentation providing (a) single-point viscosity data or (b) equipment providing “gel times” but no viscosity data, or (2) complicated instrumentation costing at least$20 000. Isothermal cure of a common epoxy system was successfully monitored in this work. Apparent viscosities measured during one room-temperature cure experiment ranged from approximately 1000 mPa·s to 50 000 000 mPa·s. Good repeatability of data was found for different batches prepared with similar stoichiometry. Viscosities measured at approximately 167 min of cure time, during multiple tests, differed by less than 1 %. Various test geometries were used, including disposable cylindrical spindles and sample chambers, to allow easy cleanup, with samples 10 mL or less in size. Samples were also successfully tested at 50 and 60°C. Aspects of the algorithm and its implementation are discussed. It is hoped that this new method will help personnel testing adhesives.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aEpoxy compounds.
=650  \0$aBrookfield.
=650  \0$aGelation.
=650  \0$aViscometer.
=650  \0$aViscosity.
=650  14$aBrookfield.
=650  24$aEpoxy.
=650  24$aGelation.
=650  24$aCure.
=650  24$aViscosity.
=650  24$aViscometer.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12962.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12963
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12963$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12963$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA460
=082  04$a620.16$223
=100  1\$aRymuza, Z.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aUltrathin Films to Modify Mechanical and Tribological Behavior of MEMS Components /$cZ. Rymuza.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b61
=520  3\$aPossible methods to control mechanical and tribological behavior of contacting/sliding surfaces in MEMS devices are discussed. Two types of ultrathin films were investigated as possible candidates to use as self-lubricating and wear resistant coatings on MEMS components manufactured using silicon. The techniques of deposition and the results of mechanical and tribological studies on micro/nano-scales of these films are presented and discussed. Wear-resistant coatings were deposited and tested multilayer films being the combinations of the single layers produced using TiN, CrN, and NbN.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMetals$xMechanical properties.
=650  \0$aUltrathin films.
=650  \0$aMEMS tribology.
=650  14$aUltrathin films.
=650  24$aMEMS tribology.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12963.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12964
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12964$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12964$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aHD62.15
=082  04$a658.5/62$223
=100  1\$aNadkarni, RAK,$eauthor.
=245  10$aZen and the Art (or Is It Science) of a Perfect Analysis /$cRAK Nadkarni.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b18
=520  3\$aAn analytical laboratory in any industry plays a crucial role in product quality management and ultimate customer satisfaction. Some factors need to be considered for an aspiring laboratory to become a perfect performer. These range from sampling, calibration, contamination control, and use of valid test methods to statistical quality assurance. Some approaches may be utilized to achieve a perfect analysis including: staff training, participation in proficiency testing, use of standard reference materials in the analytical sequence, internal and external audits, agency accreditation, continuous improvement program, benchmarking, etc. Laboratories managed in this way show demonstrated superiority in data precision and accuracy over the labs which do not practice such quality management. Well-managed industrial laboratories can have insignificant laboratory sigma compared with manufacturing variability in the plant production. For a flawless perfect analysis, determination to excel, mental discipline to stay the course, willingness to overcome inertia and resistance, and focus on producing a perfect analysis at all levels of laboratory staff are essential.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aTotal quality management.
=650  \0$aAnalysis.
=650  \0$aPerfect analysis.
=650  \0$aQuality management.
=650  14$aAnalysis.
=650  24$aQuality management.
=650  24$aPerfect analysis.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12964.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12965
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12965$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12965$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP363
=082  04$a621.402/3$223
=100  1\$aOnyeso, CC.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAnalysis of Gasoline and Diesel Fuel Samples by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES), Using Pneumatic Nebulizer and Standard Spray Chamber /$cCC. Onyeso.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b14
=520  3\$aA method has been developed for accurate quantitative determination of additive elements and wear metals in gasoline and diesel fuel in the concentration range of 0 to 50 ppm using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES). This method requires an ICP capable of detecting metals at the 0.02 mg/kg level, and capable of linear calibration over the range of 0.05 to 20.0 mg/kg with a correlation coefficient of 0.9999 or better. No additional ICP-AES accessory or lengthy sample preparation is required. The PerkinElmer Optima 4300 has been shown to meet this requirement.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSpray combustion.
=650  \0$aEngineering.
=650  \0$aChemical engineering.
=650  \0$aGasoline.
=650  \0$aDiesel fuel.
=650  \0$aAdditive elements.
=650  \0$aAnd analysis.
=650  \0$aWear metals.
=650  14$aGasoline.
=650  24$aDiesel fuel.
=650  24$aAdditive elements.
=650  24$aICP.
=650  24$aWear metals.
=650  24$aAnd analysis.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12965.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12966
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12966$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12966$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTD800
=082  04$a363.72/88$223
=100  1\$aFox, BS.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aElemental Analysis of Lubricating Grease by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES) /$cBS. Fox.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b8
=520  3\$aLubricating grease is a mixture with complex properties that poses far more difficult analytical challenges than do its individual components. At many petroleum testing laboratories, Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy, or ICP-AES, is used for the analysis of additive elements and wear metals in oil. However, it may also be used to measure the concentration of both additive metals and contaminants in lubricating grease. However, unlike some of the other matrices that are routinely analyzed, grease cannot be simply diluted for direct sample introduction into the instrument without some form of acid digestion. This paper will discuss how ICP-AES is used as a grease analysis tool. Several sample preparation schemes will be covered, including classical sulfated ash on a hot plate, microwave assisted dry ash, and microwave assisted acid digestion. Comparison data from different digestion techniques will illustrate potential problems that may be encountered by the analyst in each of these methods. The advantages of closed-vessel microwave digestion for the analysis of elements that are often volatilized under normal digestion conditions will be discussed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aLubricating oils$xRecycling.
=650  \0$aLubricating grease.
=650  \0$aAdditives.
=650  14$aLubricating grease.
=650  24$aAdditives.
=650  24$aICP-AES.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12966.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12967
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12967$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12967$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD75.4.S24
=082  04$a543.52$223
=100  1\$aHwang, JD.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Use of Microwave Digestion and ICP to Determine Elements in Petroleum Samples /$cJD. Hwang, M. Horton, D. Leong.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b20
=520  3\$aICP-AES analyses are prone to erros caused by changes in the power level, nebulization rate, plasma temperature, and sample matrix. This is especially true for ICP-AES and ICP-MS organic applications in the petroleum industry where extremely complicated sample matrices are common. As a result, accurate analyses of petroleum lubricants, lubricant additives, fuels, crude oils, residues, and related materials often require bracketing with matrix matched standards, the use of internal standards, and a flexible ICP-AES/ICP-MS system. Many new innovative analytical instruments were developed to better improve elemental analysis in the last few decades. However, sample preparation remains the formidable challenge because it is always labor-intensive, cumbersome, and does not permit fast operation. It is encouraging to see the application of microwave radiation field as the energy source for sample digestion to pursue more reliable, but simpler, safer, more rapid, and less expensive methods, particularly in the petroleum industry.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aInductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry.
=650  \0$aMicrowave digestion.
=650  \0$aSample preparation.
=650  14$aMicrowave digestion.
=650  24$aSample preparation.
=650  24$aPetroleum and petrochemical products.
=650  24$aInductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES)
=700  1\$aHorton, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLeong, D.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12967.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12968
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12968$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12968$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD79.C45
=082  04$a543/.0873$223
=100  1\$aPaszek, J.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAdvances in ICP-MS Technologies for Characterization and Ultra-Trace Speciation as a Tool for the Petroleum Industry /$cJ. Paszek, KJ. Mason, AS. Mennito, FC. McElroy.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b5
=520  3\$aParticular elements can, even at trace levels, impact product quality, deposit formation, and regulatory compliance. Characterization of trace and ultra-trace level constituents in aqueous and/or organic matrices has often required the need to employ more than one analytical technique. In recent years, improvements in ICP-MS technologies have made it a preferred technique for multi-element trace level characterization in a variety of matrices. Coupling ICP-MS with various liquid chromatography techniques has enabled a unique capability to speciate organo-metallics at ppb levels. This paper will show how ICP-MS has been successfully used to measure ppb levels in refinery effluent streams. It will demonstrate how hyphenated ICP-MS techniques assisted in development of bioremediation options for selenium removal in wastewater treatment plants.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aGas chromatography.
=650  \0$aMass spectrometry.
=650  \0$aSelenate.
=650  \0$aSelenite.
=650  \0$aSelenocyanate.
=650  \0$aSelenium.
=650  14$aSelenium.
=650  24$aSelenocyanate.
=650  24$aSelenite.
=650  24$aSelenate.
=650  24$aICP-MS.
=650  24$aAnd ion chromatography.
=700  1\$aMason, KJ.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMennito, AS.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMcElroy, FC.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12968.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12969
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12969$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12969$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD79.C45
=082  04$a543/.0873$223
=100  1\$aDreyfus, S.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDirect Trace and Ultra-Trace Metals Determination in Crude Oil and Fractions by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry /$cS. Dreyfus, C. Pécheyran, C. Magnier, A. Prinzhofer, CP. Lienemann, OFX Donard.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b14
=520  3\$aA method was developed to analyze direct trace and ultra-trace metal elements in crude oil and its fractions (maltenes-asphaltenes) by ICP-MS after sample dilution in xylene. Efficient introduction of organic compounds requires addition of O2 for complete combustion of the sample, carbon deposit on cones (interface) and extraction lenses was minimized by optimization of argon to oxygen ratio in the plasma. A PFA-100 (100 μl.mn−1) MicroFlow Nebulizer and a Scott “double pass” chilled spray chamber were associated for an optimal introduction of petroleum products. The Q-ICP/MS was equipped with platinum cones to limit drifts caused by cone corrosion during an organic analysis. A standard addition method was realized for the calibration procedure in order to control the matrix effects. Method validation was completed by analyzing three certified reference materials from the National Institute for Standards and Technology (NIST). NIST 1085b, NIST 1084a, and NIST 1634c accuracies were approximately 10 %. Detection limit of ultra trace elements in xylene were at pg.g−1 level. A clean PFA filter system was developed to separate the oil fractions (maltenes and asphaltenes) by precipitation of asphaltenes (heavy fraction) in n-heptane. For optimal detection conditions, the samples were diluted in xylene according to their pre-estimated element concentration range. Total mass balance shows a recovery close to 100 % for Ni, V, Cu, Mo, Ag, Sn, Ba, and Pb. These results show that elements analyzed are highly concentrated in the asphaltenic fraction.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aGas chromatography.
=650  \0$aMass spectrometry.
=650  \0$aMicroflow nebulizer.
=650  \0$aAnd asphaltenes.
=650  \0$aMaltenes.
=650  \0$aOrganic solvents.
=650  14$aInductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.
=650  24$aOrganic solvents.
=650  24$aMicroflow nebulizer.
=650  24$aTrace and ultra trace metals in crude oils.
=650  24$aMaltenes.
=650  24$aAnd asphaltenes.
=700  1\$aPécheyran, C.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMagnier, C.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPrinzhofer, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLienemann, CP.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDonard, OFX,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12969.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12970
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12970$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12970$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP683
=082  04$a664/.362$223
=100  1\$aLukas, M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aRotrode Filter Spectroscopy :$bA Recently Improved Method to Detect and Analyze Large Wear and Contaminant Particles in Fluids /$cM. Lukas, RJ. Yurko, DP. Anderson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b8
=520  3\$aRoutine spectrochemical analysis of used oil samples with rotating disc electrode (RDE) or inductively coupled plasma (ICP) emission spectrometers has become standard practice in machine condition monitoring programs to determine elemental content. Unfortunately, both of these techniques become less responsive to particles as they increase in size. To overcome this limitation, several complementary methods and analytical techniques to detect large particles in used oil have been applied, including acid digestion, ferrography, and X-ray analysis. Unfortunately, these techniques are not practical or economical to implement in a high sample throughput machine condition-monitoring program. One technique that has demonstrated success as a complementary method for detecting large particles is rotrode filter spectroscopy (RFS). RFS extends the capability of rotating disc electrode (RDE) spectrometers to detect particles greater than 10 μm in size.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aOlive oil$xAnalysis.
=650  \0$aOlive oil industry.
=650  \0$aUsed oil analysis.
=650  14$aRotrode Filter Spectroscopy (RFS)
=650  24$aRotating disc electrode spectrometer.
=650  24$aRDE.
=650  24$aUsed oil analysis.
=700  1\$aYurko, RJ.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAnderson, DP.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12970.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12971
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12971$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12971$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQP519.9.F56
=082  04$a543/.56$223
=100  1\$aChen, ZW.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aLow-Level Sulfur in Fuel Determination Using Monochromatic WD XRF—ASTM D 7039-04 /$cZW. Chen, F. Wei, I. Radley, B. Beumer.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b5
=520  3\$aA monochromatic wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence (MWDXRF) technique has been successfully developed for measuring low-level sulfur in fuel. In this technique, two doubly curved crystal (DCC) optics were used to provide monochromatic excitation and fixed channel wavelength dispersive analysis. Using highly efficient DCC optics, compact bench top MWDXRF analyzers for sulfur analysis have been successfully produced. A new ASTM standard test method for low-level sulfur determination in diesel and gasoline, D7039-04, has been developed based on this technique. Data for ultra-low-sulfur fuel were collected and analyzed using this new method. In this paper, the results of repeatability, reproducibility, and bias are presented and discussed. The repeatability for 10-ppm sulfur fuel was shown to be around 1 ppm. The pooled limit of quantification (PLOQ) for ultra-low-sulfur diesel was found to be less than 1.5 ppm in this study. The reproducibility of 15-ppm sulfur diesel fuel was determined to be better than 3 ppm (95 % confident level). The limit of detection for a single analyzer was found to be 0.36 ppm. The effect of matrix composition was investigated. The correction due to matrix for low-level sulfur diesel and gasoline is generally not significant.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFluorescence spectroscopy.
=650  \0$aFluorescence.
=650  \0$aDiesel.
=650  \0$aSulfur.
=650  \0$aOptics.
=650  \0$aX-rays.
=650  14$aSulfur.
=650  24$aDiesel.
=650  24$aX-rays.
=650  24$aD7039.
=650  24$aFluorescence.
=650  24$aOptics.
=700  1\$aWei, F.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRadley, I.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBeumer, B.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12971.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12972
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12972$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12972$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTD800
=082  04$a363.72/88$223
=100  1\$aWolska, J.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAnalysis of Fuels, Lubricants, and Greases Using X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry /$cJ. Wolska, B. Vrebos, P. Brouwer.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b1
=520  3\$aX-ray spectrometry (XRF) is a versatile instrumental method for elemental analysis in a wide variety of materials. The performance of three different XRF systems will be compared: a high power wavelength dispersive x-ray spectrometer (WDXRF), a low-power WDXRF, and a bench-top energy dispersive instrument (EDXRF)
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aLubricating oils$xRecycling.
=650  \0$aAnalysis of fuels.
=650  \0$aElemental analysis.
=650  \0$aX-ray spectrometry.
=650  14$aElemental analysis.
=650  24$aX-ray spectrometry.
=650  24$aAnalysis of fuels.
=650  24$aLubricants and greases.
=650  24$aXRF.
=650  24$aWDXRF.
=650  24$aEDXRF.
=700  1\$aVrebos, B.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBrouwer, P.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12972.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12974
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12974$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12974$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD181.S1
=082  04$a665.8/4$223
=100  1\$aFess, S.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDetermination of Sulfur Content in Crude Oil Using On-Line X-ray Transmission Technology /$cS. Fess.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b7
=520  3\$aThis paper describes the function and use of X-ray Transmission (XRT) analytical instrumentation as applied to the classification and blending of crude oil that contains 0.1–3.3% sulfur by weight. In the XRT method, sulfur absorbs X-rays transmitted between an X-ray source and detector. The technique compensates for density changes in the oil and minimizes the effects of variations in the C/H ratio of the oil. When used on-line the instrument obtains the sulfur measurement in the high-pressure flow conditions required to pump crude oil, typically 800 psig in pipelines. Automatic compensation for variations in oil density and temperature are achieved using integrated densitometer and temperature sensor readings taken by the instrument as the sulfur is being measured. In this paper calibration, precision, and long-term stability results are shown. Experimental data were obtained using a commercially available on-line XRT analyzer.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSulfur dioxide.
=650  \0$aPipeline.
=650  \0$aCrude oil.
=650  \0$aSulfur.
=650  \0$aRefinery.
=650  14$aSulfur.
=650  24$aFuels.
=650  24$aCrude oil.
=650  24$aRefinery.
=650  24$aPipeline.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12974.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12975
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12975$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12975$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD181.S1
=082  04$a665.8/4$223
=100  1\$aWissmann, D.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aLatest Improvements on Using Polarized X-Ray Excitation EDXRF for the Analysis of Low Sulfur Content in Automotive Fuel /$cD. Wissmann.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b5
=520  3\$aPolarized X-Ray EDXRF has been used for the analysis of low levels of a broad range of elements in light matrices for a long time. By using the polarization of the excitation radiation, the background scattered by the sample is drastically reduced. For the analysis of low sulfur in automotive fuels, this meant a detection limit comparable to the WDXRF technique.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSulfur dioxide.
=650  \0$aPolarization.
=650  \0$aSulfur.
=650  \0$aAutomotive fuels.
=650  14$aEDXRF.
=650  24$aPolarization.
=650  24$aSulfur.
=650  24$aAutomotive fuels.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12975.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12976
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12976$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12976$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.52
=082  04$a620.1/1296$223
=100  1\$aTittarelli, P.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFuel Analysis by Filter Furnace Electrothermal Atomic Absorption Spectrometry /$cP. Tittarelli, M. Priola, S. Ricchiuto, DA. Katskov, P. Ngobeni.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b22
=520  3\$aThe determination of Mn, Fe, Co, and Zn was performed in gasoline, jet, and diesel fuel samples by electrothermal atomic absorption spectrometry using the Transverse Heated Filter Atomizer (THFA). Thermal conditions were experimentally defined for the investigated elements.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMaterials$xThermal properties.
=650  \0$aMicrostructure.
=650  \0$aThermodynamics.
=650  \0$aGasoline.
=650  \0$aDiesel fuel.
=650  \0$aTrace elements.
=650  14$aElectrothermal atomic absorption.
=650  24$aTransverse heated filter atomizer.
=650  24$aGasoline.
=650  24$aDiesel fuel.
=650  24$aTrace elements.
=700  1\$aPriola, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRicchiuto, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKatskov, DA.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNgobeni, P.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12976.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12977
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12977$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12977$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD181.P1
=082  04$a547.7$223
=100  1\$aSelby, TW.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPhosphorus Additive Chemistry and Its Effects on the Phosphorus Volatility of Engine Oils /$cTW. Selby, RJ. Bosch, DC. Fee.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b25
=520  3\$aThe most widely used and effective anti-wear/anti-oxidation additives in engine oil contain phosphorus that can partially volatilize during engine operation. Unfortunately, volatile phosphorus in the exhaust stream degrades the function of the exhaust catalyst in reducing air pollution. Earlier studies in a special volatility bench test using the Phosphorus Emission Index have shown that phosphorus volatility is not related to engine oil volatility or to phosphorus content in the unused engine oil. At the time, it had been speculated that this unexpected lack of correlation with initial phosphorus concentration could be explained by 1) the effects of other engine oil additives and/or 2) variations in the phosphorus additive chemistry. The first speculation was relatively recently confirmed by taxi fleet studies of catalyst degradation by phosphorus-containing oils by the Ford Motor Company. It remained to determine if differences in phosphorus additive chemistry were also a factor, and this is the subject of the present study.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPhosphorus compounds.
=650  \0$aExhaust emissions.
=650  \0$aExhaust catalyst.
=650  \0$aPhosphorus volatility.
=650  14$aPhosphorus volatility.
=650  24$aPhosphorus Emission Index.
=650  24$aPEI.
=650  24$aZDDP.
=650  24$aZinc dithiophosphates.
=650  24$aExhaust catalyst.
=650  24$aExhaust emissions.
=700  1\$aBosch, RJ.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFee, DC.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12977.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12978
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12978$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12978$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD181.S1
=082  04$a665.8/4$223
=100  1\$aNadkarni, RAK,$eauthor.
=245  10$aTrace Levels of Sulfur in the Fuels of the Future :$bAnalytical Perspective /$cRAK Nadkarni.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b18
=520  3\$aSulfur levels in both gasoline and diesel fuels are being restricted because of environmental pollution concerns throughout the world. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has mandated the levels of sulfur which may be allowed in most road and off-road vehicles. Although there are many standard test methods available for determining sulfur in petroleum products, presently only about four can qualify for their usefulness at the expected low levels in the future fuels. A large interlaboratory study undertaken by ASTM to estimate the capabilities of these methods is described. Also, data from the ASTM interlaboratory crosscheck programs is reviewed to identify the trends that the industry laboratories are showing. Finally, a brief overview of some new methods being developed in the industry for such analyses is presented.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSulfur dioxide.
=650  \0$aDiesel analysis.
=650  \0$aGasoline analysis.
=650  \0$aSulfur analysis.
=650  14$aSulfur analysis.
=650  24$aGasoline analysis.
=650  24$aDiesel analysis.
=650  24$aInterlaboratory crosscheck programs.
=650  24$aUltralow sulfur in diesels.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12978.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12980
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12980$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12980$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD181.S1
=082  04$a665.8/4$223
=100  1\$aTarkanic, S.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aRapid Determination of Sulfur in Liquid Hydrocarbons for At-Line Process Applications Using Combustion/Oxidation and UV-Fluorescence Detection /$cS. Tarkanic, J. Crnko.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aWith the reduction in sulfur levels in gasoline and diesel products, it is necessary to have a method available which can precisely and accurately measure the very low levels of sulfur in these fuels. ASTM test method D 5453, Sulfur by Combustion and Ultraviolet Fluorescence (UVF), is a laboratory-based technology that has been widely used in the industry for such purposes for more than a decade. An on-line/at-process version of this technique is described which can complete a fast analysis in less than one minute. Thus, near real-time data can be obtained when refineries and terminals need to make rapid determinations of sulfur levels for process control and pipeline distribution decisions involving the new generation “clean” hydrocarbon fuels. Particularly discussed is the advantage gained for decision making involving detection of transport boundaries and related custody transfer issues.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSulfur dioxide.
=650  \0$aDiesel analysis.
=650  \0$aGasoline analysis.
=650  \0$aRapid sulfur analysis.
=650  14$aRapid sulfur analysis.
=650  24$aGasoline analysis.
=650  24$aDiesel analysis.
=650  24$aUltra low sulfur in diesel.
=650  24$aCombustion/oxidation UV-fluorescence detection.
=650  24$aFast on-line/at process sulfur determination.
=700  1\$aCrnko, J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12980.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12983
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12983$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12983$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.52
=082  04$a620.1/1296$223
=100  1\$aRhodes, JR.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPyro-Electrochemical On-Line Ultra Low Sulfur Analyzer /$cJR. Rhodes.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b4
=520  3\$aCurrent and upcoming regulations worldwide require maximum concentrations of sulfur in fuels to be in the range 10–50 mg/kg. This paper describes a new on-line analyzer for ultra low sulfur, the first to employ “Pyro-electrochemical” technology, which is significantly simpler than other pyrolysis methods such as Pyro-microcoulometry and Pyro-UV fluorescence.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMaterials$xThermal properties.
=650  \0$aMicrostructure.
=650  \0$aThermodynamics.
=650  \0$aThermal oxidation.
=650  \0$aUltra low sulfur.
=650  \0$aNitrogen converters.
=650  \0$aPyrolysis.
=650  14$aUltra low sulfur.
=650  24$aFuels.
=650  24$aOn-line process analyzers.
=650  24$aThermal oxidation.
=650  24$aPyrolysis.
=650  24$aElectrochemical sensors.
=650  24$aNitrogen converters.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12983.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12984
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12984$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12984$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQP519.9.F56
=082  04$a543/.56$223
=100  1\$aBosch, RJ.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAnalysis of the Volatiles Generated During the Selby-Noack Test by 31P NMR Spectroscopy /$cRJ. Bosch, DC. Fee, TW. Selby.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (19 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b20
=520  3\$aA series of engine oil samples collected during a study of their Phosphorus Emission Index values were analyzed by 31P Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy. (The PEI analyses themselves were presented in an associated paper [1]). NMR spectra were generated to obtain and explain the mode of formation and identity of the phosphorus-containing species in the volatiles generated during the Selby-Noack volatility test and to compare these species to those found in both the fresh oil and the residual oil remaining after the volatility test.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFluorescence spectroscopy.
=650  \0$aExhaust emissions.
=650  \0$aExhaust catalyst.
=650  \0$aNMR spectroscopy.
=650  \0$aPhosphorus volatility.
=650  14$aPhosphorus volatility.
=650  24$aExhaust catalyst.
=650  24$aExhaust emissions.
=650  24$aZDDP.
=650  24$aZinc dithiophosphates.
=650  24$aPhosphorus Emission Index.
=650  24$aPEI.
=650  24$a31P NMR.
=650  24$aNMR spectroscopy.
=700  1\$aFee, DC.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSelby, TW.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12984.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12985
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12985$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12985$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP690
=082  04$a665.5$223
=100  1\$aWilhelm, SM.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSampling and Analysis of Mercury in Crude Oil /$cSM. Wilhelm, DA. Kirchgessner, L. Liang, PH. Kariher.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aSampling and analytical procedures used to determine total mercury content in crude oils were examined. Three analytical methods were compared with respect to accuracy, precision, and detection limit. The combustion method (U.S. EPA 7473 hybrid) and a commercial extraction method (non-standard) were found adequate to provide a good combination of sensitivity and accuracy, while instrumental neutron activation analysis was found to suffer from interferences from elements other than mercury (Ni, Se) that are typically found in crude oil. Aliquot removal and processing steps were found to be important to accuracy and precision of the combustion method. Potential errors caused by incomplete homogenization and loss of volatile mercury were investigated in detail. Homogenization of oils that contain suspended mercury compounds was found important to allow retrieval of representative aliquots for analysis. Ultrasonication at slightly elevated temperature yielded the more reproducible and higher magnitude results. It was discovered that volatile mercury can be lost from sample containers when they are opened to remove aliquots. Alternative sample containers and aliquot removal techniques were developed that minimized loss of volatile mercury. Speciation experiments were utilized to determine the identity of volatile species and the rates at which they are lost from containers. Both elemental mercury and dimethylmercury were identified as volatile mercury components of one freshly sampled crude oil.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPetroleum$xRefining.
=650  \0$aRefining.
=650  \0$aOil.
=650  \0$aPetroleum.
=650  \0$aSpeciation.
=650  \0$aMercury.
=650  \0$aVolatile mercury.
=650  14$aPetroleum.
=650  24$aMercury.
=650  24$aOil.
=650  24$aVolatile mercury.
=650  24$aSpeciation.
=650  24$aRefining.
=700  1\$aKirchgessner, DA.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLiang, L.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKariher, PH.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12985.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12988
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12988$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12988$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP690
=082  04$a665.5$223
=100  1\$aStockwell, PB.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMercury Measurements in Fossil Fuels, Particularly Petrochemicals /$cPB. Stockwell, WT. Corns, DW. ryce.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aThe dangers of mercury and its derivatives, especially organomercury compounds have been well documented for almost half a century. Concerns remain regarding mercury contamination in aqueous ecosystems. Significant quantities of mercury are present in fossil fuels, particularly petrochemicals.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPetroleum$xRefining.
=650  \0$aFossil fuels.
=650  \0$aPetrochemicals.
=650  \0$aMercury.
=650  14$aMercury.
=650  24$aFossil fuels.
=650  24$aPetrochemicals.
=700  1\$aCorns, WT.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aryce, DW.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12988.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12989
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12989$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12989$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD79.C45
=082  04$a543/.0873$223
=100  1\$aDi Sanzo, FP.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aRecent Advances in Gas Chromatographic/Atomic Emission Hetero-Atom Selective Detection for Characterization of Petroleum Streams and Products /$cFP. Di Sanzo, JW. Diehl.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aThe selective detection of organo-compounds containing hetero-atoms is used extensively in the petroleum industry for process control (sulfur, nitrogen, etc.) and additives in fuels (sulfur, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorous, etc.). The most common selective atom detection is performed with atomic emission (AED), sulfur/nitrogen chemiluminescence (SCD, NCD), and photometric (FPD, p-FPD). Atomic emission detection has an advantage over the other selective detectors since in an automated analysis scheme several hetero-elements may be detected for rapid sample screening. This paper describes the unique capabilities of atomic emission detection of fuels and petroleum fractions using several applications. In addition, a simplified version of comprehensive GCxGC that enhances hetero-atom selectivity by significantly reducing the matrix interference from the large hydrocarbon background is coupled with a microwave induced helium plasma atomic emission detector (GCxGC/AED). The GCxGC uses simple valve based flow modulation optimized for samples with a boiling point in the gasoline and jet fuel range. The technique is useful for screening fuels additives, contaminants, etc.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMass spectrometry.
=650  \0$aSulfur.
=650  \0$aGasolines.
=650  \0$aJet fuels.
=650  \0$aGas chromatography.
=650  14$aGas chromatography.
=650  24$aAtomic emission detection.
=650  24$aHetero-atom speciation.
=650  24$aSulfur.
=650  24$aComprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography.
=650  24$aComprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography/AED.
=650  24$aGCxGC/AED.
=650  24$aGCxGC.
=650  24$aFuels.
=650  24$aGasolines.
=650  24$aJet fuels.
=700  1\$aDiehl, JW.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12989.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI12990
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI12990$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI12990$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP315
=082  04$a662$223
=100  1\$aNash, LJ.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aImprovements in the Determination of Fluorine in Fuel and Lubricants by Oxidative Combustion and Ion-Selective Electrode Detection /$cLJ. Nash.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b5
=520  3\$aOxidative combustion combined with ion-selective electrode detection is one of several techniques available for the analysis of fluorine in fuels and lubricants to the petroleum and petrochemical industry. This technique was first developed in the mid-1990s to provide an alternative to the widely used Wickbold method, which is very time consuming and extremely hazardous. The early designs were marginally successful due to the lack of sensitivity and stability, the use of large volumes of solvents, inconsistent delivery of fluids, plugging of catch and hold valves, numerous sources of contamination, and long analysis times. The design has been refined to enhance the sensitivity, stability, and accuracy of the fluoride determination. Enhancements include improved ion-specific electrodes with increased sensitivity, the use of circulating baths to stabilize temperature fluctuations, improved sample introduction and flow systems, and redesigned electronic circuitry.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFuel$xAnalysis$xPeriodicals.
=650  \0$aFuel.
=650  \0$aFluoride.
=650  \0$aFluorine.
=650  \0$aOxidative combustion.
=650  \0$aElemental analysis.
=650  \0$aFuel analysis.
=650  14$aFluorine.
=650  24$aFluoride.
=650  24$aIon-selective electrode.
=650  24$aFuel analysis.
=650  24$aOxidative combustion.
=650  24$aElemental analysis.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI12990.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13027
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13027$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13027$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH9176
=082  04$a363.37/7/0973$223
=100  1\$aValiulis, J.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aTwelve Common Deficiencies Found during Firestopping Inspections /$cJ. Valiulis, S. Phillips.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references.
=520  3\$aTwelve Common Deficiencies Found during Firestopping Inspections.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFire prevention$xInspection$zUnited States.
=650  \0$aFire Prevention.
=700  1\$aPhillips, S.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13027.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13028
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13028$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13028$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA660.J64
=082  04$a624.1/77$223
=100  1\$aLicht, RR.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAging & Environmental Exposure Properties of a Fire Protection Material /$cRR. Licht.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b5
=520  3\$aMaterials designed for passive fire protection, such as putties, caulks, sealants, and devices, have been in commercial use for more than 25 years. These products are used to seal openings in the walls and ceilings of fire-rated spaces to restrict the passage of toxic fumes, smoke, and flames in the event of a fire. Passive fire protection, which is specified in building codes across the U.S., has been shown to be effective in helping to contain fires and reduce property damage, injuries, and loss of life.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aJoints (Engineering)
=650  \0$aAging.
=650  \0$aArrhenius equation.
=650  \0$aIntumescent.
=650  \0$aEndothermicity.
=650  14$aIntumescent.
=650  24$aAging.
=650  24$aEnvironmental exposure.
=650  24$aPenetration and joint sealing materials.
=650  24$aEndothermicity.
=650  24$aArrhenius equation.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13028.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13030
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13030$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13030$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA660.J64
=082  04$a624.1/77$223
=100  1\$aNicholas, JD.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Development and Use of Perimeter Joint Protection Testing /$cJD. Nicholas.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aThe history of perimeter joint protection (commonly called safing) is relatively short when compared to other building elements that are fire tested. The location and primary functions of the perimeter joint protection are unique when compared to other types of fire resistive joint systems, which are commonly tested to ASTM E 1966. The testing of perimeter joint protection is different from other types of fire resistive joint systems because the perimeter joint protection can be subjected to fire exposure from two directions simultaneously. The chronology of the development of the ASTM standard used to test perimeter joint systems is a critical element to proper use and installation of these firestopping materials. As part of that history, it is also important to discuss the current state-of-the-art testing protocols and their origin developed under ASTM E 2307, Standard Test Method for Determining the Fire Resistance of Perimeter Fire Barrier Systems Using the Intermediate-Scale, Multi-Story Test Apparatus. References to perimeter joint systems in the codes2 are also important for us to understand the distinction between perimeter joint systems and other fire resistive joint systems.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aJoints (Engineering)
=650  \0$aSplice.
=650  \0$aCycling.
=650  \0$aFirestopping.
=650  \0$aJoint fire barrier.
=650  14$aJoint fire barrier.
=650  24$aFire resistive joint system.
=650  24$aSplice.
=650  24$aCycling.
=650  24$aPerimeter joint protection.
=650  24$aFirestopping.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13030.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13033
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13033$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13033$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD921
=082  04$a548.5$223
=100  1\$aJablokov, VR.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Application of Ti-15Mo Beta Titanium Alloy in High Strength Structural Orthopaedic Applications /$cVR. Jablokov, MJ. Nutt, ME. Richelsoph, HL. Freese.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (18 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b19
=520  3\$aTitanium-15Molybdenum beta titanium alloy is a generic alloy that has been around for a long time, but has never found wide use in the aerospace industry. Beta titanium alloys, in general, and corrosion-resistant biocompatible titanium alloys, in particular, attracted a lot of attention in the medical and surgical device industry in the late 1980s and early 1990s. Until that time, all of the titanium grades used for medical implant applications were based on ASTM “F” standards modeled from aerospace industry and AMS specifications. The CP titanium grades (CP-1, CP-2, and CP-4) and two α + β alloys, Ti-6Al-4V ELI and Ti-6Al-4V, were widely used in aerospace applications and found early acceptance to become the reference metallic materials in ASTM F 748. Two important factors held Ti-15Mo back from commercial applications and use: the physical metallurgy of the alloy and the inability of the then-current reactive metals melting and processing machinery to handle this unusual binary alloy. This paper will briefly review high-technology manufacturing advances and processing technology that have enabled the reliable production of large-scale lots of Ti-15Mo bar and rod product forms. Additionally, mechanical and metallurgical data for semi-finished high strength rod product suitable for highly stressed orthopaedic implant applications will be presented.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMetal crystals$xElectric properties.
=650  \0$aMetal crystals$xGrowth.
=650  \0$aOrthopaedic.
=650  \0$aAging response.
=650  \0$aAging.
=650  \0$aHigh strength.
=650  \0$aCold work.
=650  \0$aTitanium.
=650  \0$aCold reduction.
=650  \0$aSpinal devices.
=650  \0$aTitanium alloys.
=650  \0$aHeat treatment.
=650  14$aMetastable beta titanium.
=650  24$aMetal.
=650  24$aOrthopaedic.
=650  24$aTi-15Mo.
=650  24$aHigh strength.
=650  24$aTitanium alloys.
=650  24$aTitanium.
=650  24$aCold work.
=650  24$aCold reduction.
=650  24$aAging.
=650  24$aAging response.
=650  24$aHeat treatment.
=650  24$aSpinal devices.
=700  1\$aNutt, MJ.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRichelsoph, ME.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFreese, HL.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13033.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13035
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13035$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13035$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA357.5.M43
=082  04$a620.1/064/0287$223
=100  1\$aStruble, LJ.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffect of Continuous Agitation on Concrete Rheology /$cLJ. Struble, C-T Chen.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (19 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aExperiments were designed to compare concrete and paste flow behavior in mixtures containing water reducing admixtures by measuring concrete slump, concrete rheology, mortar rheology, and paste rheology (using low-amplitude oscillatory shear) at times up to about 2 h after mixing. Some concretes were continuously agitated, and others were allowed to rest between tests. Stiffening was observed in most of the concretes during this time. Continuous agitation reduced this stiffening. Concrete slump and paste modulus showed a weak correlation in most mixtures. Both concrete slump and paste modulus were sensitive to agitation, especially in mixtures containing a water reducing admixture. Based on these results, it is recommended that laboratory studies simulate the agitation expected in the field.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFluid dynamic measurements.
=650  \0$aComplex fluids.
=650  \0$aPolymer.
=650  \0$aConcrete.
=650  \0$aAgitation.
=650  \0$aDynamic shear modulus.
=650  \0$aYield stress.
=650  \0$aRheology.
=650  14$aAgitation.
=650  24$aConcrete.
=650  24$aDynamic shear modulus.
=650  24$aPaste.
=650  24$aRheology.
=650  24$aYield stress.
=700  1\$aChen, C-T,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13035.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13036
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13036$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13036$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA460
=082  04$a620.16$223
=100  1\$aZhang, X.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aNew Synthesis Method and Mechanical Properties of Magnesium Matrix Composites /$cX. Zhang, H. Wang, L. Liao, N. Ma.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (5 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b8
=520  3\$aA new method to in situ fabricate magnesium alloy reinforced with 8 wt % of TiB2 and TiC is described. The XRD result revealed the formation of TiB2 and TiC in master alloy magnesium matrix composites. Uniform distribution of fine reinforcement in the matrix material obtained through microstructural characterization. Mechanical characterization revealed that the presence of TiB2 and TiC leads to an increase on microhardness and tensile strength of magnesium matrix composites. Scanning electronic micrographs taken from the tensile fracture surface of magnesium matrix composites revealed typical brittle fracture.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMetals$xMechanical properties.
=650  \0$aMechanical properties.
=650  14$aMagnesium matrix composites.
=650  24$aIn-situ synthesis method.
=650  24$aMechanical properties.
=700  1\$aWang, H.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLiao, L.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMa, N.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13036.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13037
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13037$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13037$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA460
=082  04$a620.16$223
=100  1\$aMartins, M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffect of Heat Treatment on the Mechanical Properties of ASTM A 890 Gr6A Super Duplex Stainless Steel /$cM. Martins, LC. Casteletti.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b15
=520  3\$aDuplex stainless steels were initially developed for the manufacture of thermomechanically formed products. However, the increasing demand for casting components of these materials has led to the application of a widely developed technology for this forming process. After undergoing a solution annealing heat treatment, these materials become thermodynamically metastable systems, since the concentration of solute atoms in solid solution is so high that they become saturated, causing them to seek a lower free energy state when exposed to different temperatures. These systems reach a more stable thermodynamic condition by the precipitation of various intermetallic phases, depending on the temperatures to which they are exposed. Thermal energy serves as a catalyst to “overcome” the energy barrier that separates the metastable and stable phases. The objective of this work was to determine the influence of several heat treatment temperatures on the microstructure and mechanical properties of an ASTM A 890/A 890M Gr6A super duplex stainless steel. The increase in hardness and the decrease in impact toughness of these materials in impact tests were found to be directly correlated with the increase in sigma phase concentration in their microstructure, which tended to precipitate into ferrite/austenite interfaces. When the sigma phase was completely dissolved by the heat treatment, the material's hardness was determined by the volumetric concentration of ferrite and austenite in the microstructure, and the energy absorbed in the impact test reached approximately 220 J at room temperature.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMetals$xMechanical properties.
=650  \0$aMicrostructure.
=650  \0$aSigma phase.
=650  14$aSigma phase.
=650  24$aMicrostructure.
=650  24$aSuper duplex stainless steel.
=700  1\$aCasteletti, LC.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13037.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13041
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13041$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13041$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTJ1075
=082  04$a531/.1134$223
=100  1\$aJackson, NM.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMeasuring Pavement Friction Characteristics at Variable Speeds for Added Safety /$cNM. Jackson, B. Choubane, C. Holzschuher, S. Gokhale.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b14
=520  3\$aPavement friction testing is frequently conducted in accordance with the provisions outlined in ASTM E 274, “Standard Test Method for Skid Resistance of Paved Surfaces Using a Full-Scale Tire.” The standard speed of testing in Florida is 40 mph (64.4 km/h). However, due to safety concerns related to testing on high-speed facilities, considerable attention has been focused in recent years on height-sensor based (non-contact) technology. It is potentially well suited for surveying the surface texture characteristics of pavement sections while operating at highway speed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aDynamics.
=650  \0$aPavement texture.
=650  \0$aSkid resistance.
=650  \0$aFriction testing.
=650  14$aPavement texture.
=650  24$aFriction testing.
=650  24$aInternational Friction Index.
=650  24$aSkid resistance.
=700  1\$aChoubane, B.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHolzschuher, C.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGokhale, S.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13041.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13043
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13043$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13043$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTE251
=082  04$a625.8$223
=100  1\$aFlintsch, GW.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aHarmonization of Macrotexture Measuring Devices /$cGW. Flintsch, MQ. Huang, K. McGhee.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aThis paper compares pavement macrotexture measurements obtained using the volumetric method and three laser-based devices. The study used data from a controlled experiment conducted at the Virginia Smart Road, as well as samples of in-service highway and airport surfaces. The data collected at the Virginia Smart Road, a controlled-access two-lane road that includes various hot mix asphalt (HMA) and concrete surfaces, were used for the main analysis. The other two sets of data were used for verification and validation of the model developed. The analysis of the data collected at the Virginia Smart Road showed that the Circular Texture Meter (CTMeter) mean profile depth (MPD) had the highest correlation with the volumetric (Sand Patch) mean texture depth (MTD). Models for converting the laser-based texture measurements to an estimated MTD were developed. The developed model was tested using measurements collected on several other highway and airport surfaces and with positive results.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPavement design.
=650  \0$aMechanistic design.
=650  \0$aMacrotexture.
=650  \0$aPavement.
=650  14$aPavement.
=650  24$aSurface characteristics.
=650  24$aMacrotexture.
=650  24$aCircular Texture Meter.
=650  24$aMean profile depth (MPD)
=650  24$aMean texture depth (MTD)
=700  1\$aHuang, MQ.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMcGhee, K.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13043.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13047
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13047$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13047$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA660.J64
=082  04$a624.1/77$223
=100  1\$aGagarin, N.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAnalysis of Surface Inertial Profiles Measured on Jointed Portland Cement Pavements /$cN. Gagarin, JR. Mekemson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b6
=520  3\$aThe feasibility of measuring slab curling using high-speed profilers was assessed by the Turner-Fairbank Highway Research Center of the Federal Highway Administration. The primary objectives of the study were to: (1) measure the surface profile of the concrete slabs using state-of-the-art profiling technology, (2) establish a standard procedure to identify warping and curling of the slabs using the measured surface profiles, (3) relate the changes in pavement surface profiles to the change in surface temperature, (4) determine the relationship between changes in pavement surface profile, roughness, premature transverse cracking, and construction condition, and (5) establish a standard procedure to analyze the condition of joints, including rotation and faulting, and determine the relationship between joint condition, and roughness. The paper discusses data mining on a database of 16 000 slabs measured during four time windows in a 24-h period. A visualization of all parameters and samples at all four times of the day show the groups of slabs which have cracked and are likely to crack shown by the divergence from the normal response measured in most slabs.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aJoints (Engineering)
=650  \0$aProfile.
=650  \0$aWarping.
=650  \0$aInertial.
=650  \0$aConcrete slabs.
=650  \0$aJoints.
=650  \0$aRoughness.
=650  14$aInertial.
=650  24$aProfile.
=650  24$aWarping.
=650  24$aCurl.
=650  24$aConcrete slabs.
=650  24$aJoints.
=650  24$aRoughness.
=650  24$aEmpirical mode decomposition.
=700  1\$aMekemson, JR.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13047.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13048
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13048$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13048$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTE7
=082  04$a625.8/5$223
=100  1\$aHuang, Y.,$eauthor.
=245  13$aAn Automatic Pavement Surface Distress Inspection System /$cY. Huang, B. Xu.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b6
=520  3\$aThis paper presents a customized image-processing algorithm for the high-speed and real-time detection of pavement surface distresses. The algorithm was developed based on the “grid cell” analysis, in which a pavement image is divided into a grid of 8 × 8 pixel cells, and each cell is classified as a non-crack cell or a crack cell based on the statistics of the grayscales of the cell pixels. A crack cell can be regarded as a seed for crack formation. Adjacent crack seeds or seed clusters are connected to a crack segment. Each segment has it own direction and contrast traced from all seed in the path. A full crack is a connection of nearby segments with similar directions and contrasts. Most importantly, there must be a clear crack path along these segments. Because many operations are performed on the grid cells rather than on the original image, the algorithm can detect the cracks in the current image during the time when the camera is capturing a new image. Therefore, the survey can run at real time at a highway speed. The trial test results showed a good repeatability and accuracy when the system conducts multiple surveys and runs at different speeds and different weather conditions.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPavements, Asphalt concrete$xDesign and construction.
=650  \0$aBridge design.
=650  \0$aCrack detection.
=650  \0$aSeed cluster.
=650  \0$aCracking distress.
=650  \0$aAsphalt pavement.
=650  14$aAsphalt pavement.
=650  24$aCracking distress.
=650  24$aSeed cluster.
=650  24$aCrack detection.
=700  1\$aXu, B.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13048.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13051
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13051$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13051$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTJ1075
=082  04$a531/.1134$223
=100  1\$aKawazoe, T.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSliding Wear Characteristics of Materials in Artificial Seawater /$cT. Kawazoe, T. Okumura, S. Morohoshi, H. Sada.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b8
=520  3\$aThe corrosive wear resistance and the damage behavior of metals used for sliding parts in seawater were investigated by changing normal load and sliding speed using a ball on disk tribometer. Sliding wear tests of Fe base and Cu base materials rubbed against Al2O3 were carried out in artificial seawater. The obtained results indicate that Cu base materials show higher corrosive wear resistance and lower coefficient of friction than Fe base materials. Especially, bronze casting alloy shows an excellent corrosive wear resistance, while the corrosive wear of stainless steel is predominantly affected by normal load and sliding speed; that is, higher normal load and sliding speed result in stronger adhesion, leading to higher wear rate.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aDynamics.
=650  \0$aFriction.
=650  \0$aMarine corrosion.
=650  \0$aTribocorrosion.
=650  \0$aCorrosive wear.
=650  \0$aSeawater.
=650  \0$aSliding wear.
=650  \0$aTribology.
=650  14$aTribology.
=650  24$aCorrosive wear.
=650  24$aSliding wear.
=650  24$aTribocorrosion.
=650  24$aFriction.
=650  24$aMarine corrosion.
=650  24$aSeawater.
=700  1\$aOkumura, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMorohoshi, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSada, H.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13051.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13053
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13053$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13053$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA660.J64
=082  04$a624.1/77$223
=100  1\$aGraham, SM.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aStress Analysis of Asymmetric Co-Cured Stepped-Lap Joints /$cSM. Graham, RM. Crane.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b7
=520  3\$aManufacturing of large adhesively-bonded structural joints in the marine composites industry requires careful design and manufacturing to ensure durability of the joint. When the adherends to be joined are both fiber-reinforced laminates, an alternative to adhesive bonding is to co-cure the joint. This process eliminates the adhesive layer and the two interfaces between the adhesive and the adherends. The continuous matrix surrounding the fibers on either side of the joint influences the load transfer and the corresponding stresses developed in the joint. In this study, finite element analysis was used to investigate the stresses developed in a co-cured stepped-lap joint made from adherends with unequal stiffness. Two different approaches were used to model asymmetric joints with uniform step lengths: a homogeneous approach that modeled each adherend as transversely isotropic, and a constituent-level approach that modeled the resin and idealized fibers individually. It was found that the co-cured stepped lap joint behaves very much like a series of adhesively bonded lap joints. The shear stress distribution for step length to ply thickness ratios greater than about 10 exhibits a parabolic shape with peaks at the ends and lower values in the center, which is very similar to the stress distribution in adhesively bonded stepped lap joints. It was observed that the peak and minimum stresses approach a steady value with increasing step length, implying that there may be a limiting strength for an asymmetric co-cured stepped lap joint.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aJoints (Engineering)
=650  \0$aCo-cured.
=650  \0$aComposite structures.
=650  \0$aStress analysis.
=650  \0$aStepped-lap joint.
=650  14$aComposite structures.
=650  24$aCo-cured.
=650  24$aStepped-lap joint.
=650  24$aStress analysis.
=700  1\$aCrane, RM.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13053.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13054
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13054$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13054$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC189.5
=082  04$a531.113402454$223
=100  1\$aWang, K.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aInvestigation into Flow Property Measurements of Low-Slump Concrete Using Vibrating Slope Apparatus (VSA) /$cK. Wang, SM. Schlorholtz, J. Hu, S. Zhang.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (18 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aIn this paper, operation, data interpretation, and validity of vibrating slope apparatus (VSA) tests for concrete flow property measurements were investigated Results from standard slump tests and VSA tests of 14 different concrete mixes in a total of 29 batches of mixtures are presented. The concrete mixes had different water-to-cement ratios (w/c), different dosages of water reducing agent (WRA), and different types and replacement levels of fly ash. The test results indicated that the original method for VSA data analysis was difficult to manage, and the test result interpretations were inappropriate. Two new parameters, the time for starting mass loss (Tstart) and the inverse of average flow rate for 20% mass loss (1/FRavg) at the chute angle of 10°, were therefore proposed to describe concrete flow property. These two parameters, resulting from the original VSA test data, are easy to identify and easy to use. A strong correlation was found between Tstart and concrete slump. Using Tstart and 1/FRavg, the effects of w/c, WRA, and fly ash on concrete rheological behavior were appropriately characterized. The concrete flowability loss with time was also properly expressed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aChemistry.
=650  \0$aFlow property.
=650  \0$aRheology.
=650  14$aFlow property.
=650  24$aSlump.
=650  24$aRheology.
=650  24$aVibrating slope apparatus.
=700  1\$aSchlorholtz, SM.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHu, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aZhang, S.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13054.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13055
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13055$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13055$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD79.C45
=082  04$a543/.0873$223
=100  1\$aCowen, WF.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSimple Extraction of Sulfite and Sulfate in Cogeneration Plant Circulating Fluidized Bed Fly Ash for Ion Chromatographic Analysis /$cWF. Cowen.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b7
=520  3\$aA simple method is described for analyses of sulfite and sulfate, in cogeneration plant fly ash/bottom ash from a coal-fired circulating fluidized bed (CFB) steam-electricity cogeneration process. Ash is shaken for 3 h (room temperature) in 3 mM disodium EDTA solution, and then the filtrate is analyzed by ion chromatography/suppressed conductivity. The EDTA slows the rate of metal ion-catalyzed sulfite oxidation by dissolved oxygen without using formaldehyde preservative. Sulfite standards in EDTA solution were stable for up to 3 days at room temperature in the presence of air. Detection limits were 0.08% by mass SO32− and 0.1 % by mass SO42− for 0.1 g fly ash extracted with 100 m1 of the EDTA reagent.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aGas chromatography.
=650  \0$aMass spectrometry.
=650  \0$aSulfate.
=650  \0$aSulfite.
=650  \0$aFly ash.
=650  \0$aCogeneration.
=650  \0$aIon chromatography.
=650  14$aCogeneration.
=650  24$aCFB ash.
=650  24$aFly ash.
=650  24$aSulfite.
=650  24$aSulfate.
=650  24$aIon chromatography.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13055.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13057
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13057$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13057$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA455.F55
=082  04$a363.72/88$223
=100  1\$aCong, DX.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aRelationship Between Paste Volume and Cementitious Materials Content in Hardened Concrete /$cDX. Cong.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aA linear regression equation is developed between the paste volumes via the point count method and total cementitious materials contents of 31 concrete samples with known mix proportions. The equation has a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.96 and a standard deviation of 13.6 kg/m3. The equation can be used to calculate the total cementitious materials content based on the paste volume measured via point count and the water-to-cementitious-materials ratio estimated petrographically, and the result is more accurate than the traditional method currently used by many concrete petrographers. The equation is equally effective for portland cement concrete and concrete containing fly ash. In addition, the effect of fly ash, and the traditional method for estimating the cementitious materials content are further discussed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFly ash$xIndustrial applications.
=650  \0$aFly ash$xEnvironmental aspects.
=650  \0$aPaste volume.
=650  \0$aFly ash.
=650  \0$aRegression.
=650  \0$aPoint count.
=650  14$aCementitious materials content.
=650  24$aFly ash.
=650  24$aPaste volume.
=650  24$aPoint count.
=650  24$aRegression.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13057.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13060
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13060$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13060$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA712
=082  04$a620.1/36$223
=100  1\$aCong, DX.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aRelationship Between Indentation Hardness and Water to Cement Ratio of Hardened Mortar and Concrete /$cDX. Cong, MH. Reed, LJ. Powers, BL. Shotwell, BD. Brown.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b5
=520  3\$aAccurately estimating the water-to-cementitious materials ratio (w/cm) of hardened concrete is one of the most difficult tasks frequently requested of concrete petrographers. Different methods have been developed and implemented with varying degrees of success. To increase the reliability of estimated w/cm, the indentation hardness of laboratory prepared specimens of neat paste, mortar, and concrete was evaluated using a Buehler semi-automatic testing machine. Preliminary results indicate good correlations between the average indentation hardness measured on the Rockwell HRL scale and the w/cm of the specimens. The data demonstrate a potential for using these correlations to estimate the w/cm of hardened concrete. Testing protocols, sample preparation requirements, and the effects of aggregate and of the composition of concrete mixtures (portland cement and fly ash content) are illustrated. Directions for future work are also discussed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aUnderground construction.
=650  \0$aConcrete construction.
=650  \0$aArchitectural practice.
=650  \0$aConcrete.
=650  \0$aFly ash.
=650  \0$aMortar.
=650  14$aRockwell indentation hardness.
=650  24$aWater to cement ratio.
=650  24$aMortar.
=650  24$aConcrete.
=650  24$aPaste.
=650  24$aFly ash.
=700  1\$aReed, MH.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPowers, LJ.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aShotwell, BL.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBrown, BD.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13060.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13063
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13063$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13063$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQE75
=082  04$a557.3 s$223
=100  1\$aRao, SM.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aImpact of Sulfate Contamination on Swelling Behavior of Lime-Stabilized Clays /$cSM. Rao, P. Shivananda.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b30
=520  3\$aLime treatment is commonly resorted to improve the geotechnical properties of expansive clays and soft clays. Lime treatment, however, has a detrimental effect on soil behavior if adequate amounts of sulfate are present in soil. Sulfate induced heave of soils stabilized with calcium-based stabilizers occurs due to the presence of primary and secondary sources of sulfate in soils. The occurrence of native sulfate in natural soils constitutes primary sulfate source. Sulfates present in construction wastes, industrial wastes, and spilled chemicals constitute the secondary sulfate source. The present study performs laboratory experiments to examine the impact of sulfate contamination from spillage of sulfate rich chemicals on the heave characteristics of lime-stabilized expansive clays. The objective was realized by infiltrating laboratory prepared sodium sulfate solutions (sulfate concentrations ranged from 13 500 ppm to 27 000 ppm) on the heave characteristics of lime-stabilized specimens that were practically free of natural sulfate (sulfate content of natural soil = 0.05 %). Experimental results illustrated that lime-stabilized expansive clays experiencing sulfate contamination are susceptible to heave from sulfate attack. Mass balance reactions were performed to gain insight into mechanisms of sulfate interactions with lime-stabilized specimens.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMines and mineral resources$xNevada$xLime Canyon Wilderness.
=650  \0$aMines and mineral resources.
=650  \0$aLime.
=650  \0$aSulfate.
=650  \0$aExpansive clays.
=650  14$aExpansive clays.
=650  24$aLime.
=650  24$aSulfate.
=650  24$aHeave.
=700  1\$aShivananda, P.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13063.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13065
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13065$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13065$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA775
=082  04$a621.8$223
=100  1\$aShannag, MJ.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aProperties of Metakaolin High-Strength Cementitious Grouts /$cMJ. Shannag, RH. Haddad.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aCement based grouts containing 0, 5, 10, and 15 % replacement with metakaolin and with a water/cementitious materials ratio of 0.38 have been investigated. The rheological and mechanical properties of the proposed grouts are interesting, since, from a practical point of view, they exhibit no bleeding or segregation and reach high compressive strength and flowability. Metakaolin additions enhanced the strength, somewhat prolonged the setting times, reduced the flowability, improved sulfate resistance, and caused some increase in drying shrinkage. The results showed that Metakaolin could be added up to 15 % by weight of cement without reducing the 28-day strength. At 15 % admixing level, strength of the grout at the age of 28 days was increased by about 10 %. Based on the test results the use of Metakaolin for producing high-strength cementitious grouts is recommended.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aGrout (Mortar)
=650  \0$aGrouting$xHandbooks, manuals, etc.
=650  \0$aSulfate resistance.
=650  \0$aCompressive strength.
=650  \0$aMetakaolin.
=650  14$aMetakaolin.
=650  24$aGrout.
=650  24$aCompressive strength.
=650  24$aSulfate resistance.
=700  1\$aHaddad, RH.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13065.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13066
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13066$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13066$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQE471
=082  04$a552.58$223
=100  1\$aEkenel, M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDurability Performance of Bridge Concretes, Part I :$bHigh Performance Concrete (HPC) /$cM. Ekenel, JJ. Myers.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b23
=520  3\$aA study was undertaken on the durability of high performance cocrete (HPC) mixtures produced using locally available materials in the State of Missouri. Eighteen (18) mixtures were categorized as HPC. 30 % fly ash replacement by cement weight was utilized in the HPC mixtures, and ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBFS) was also substituted by 5 % of the cement for some mixtures. The mixtures included locally available limestone, trap rock, and river gravel as coarse aggregate. The mixtures of HPC without cement replacement displayed higher strength development at the end of 56 days. The compression strength development of the mixtures produced with locally available dolomitic limestone performed superior relative to other mixtures. All the mixtures performed poorly under 300 freezing and thawing cycles, except the control mixtures. The samples in which GGBFS was utilized performed poorly relative to the other samples. Similar poor performance was obtained from the same samples in chloride permeability tests.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aDiagenesis.
=650  \0$aDolomite.
=650  \0$aHigh performance.
=650  \0$aLimestone.
=650  \0$aTrap rock.
=650  \0$aRiver gravel.
=650  \0$aMix proportions.
=650  \0$aDurability.
=650  14$aHigh performance.
=650  24$aMix proportions.
=650  24$aLimestone.
=650  24$aTrap rock.
=650  24$aRiver gravel.
=650  24$aDurability.
=700  1\$aMyers, JJ.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13066.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13067
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13067$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13067$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQ295
=082  04$a620.1126$223
=100  1\$aFocht, EM.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDevelopment of a Fastener Structural Element Test for Certifying Navy Fastener Materials /$cEM. Focht, BP. L'Heureux, C. Roe.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aNew materials intended for use in critical U.S. Navy applications are evaluated by a Fracture Toughness Review Process (FTRP) for acceptability. In addition to developing data on the mechanical properties, fatigue life, and fracture toughness, the FTRP requires that a representative structural element test be performed to verify that the material can withstand plastic deformation at high loading rates in the presence of a detectable flaw. A Fastener Structural Element Test (FSET) has been developed to certify fastener materials such that the results of fracture mechanics testing on candidate alloys can be verified. The testing required the development of a suitable specimen that best represented a fastener, flaw seeding, and pre-cracking techniques, load and displacement measurement techniques suitable for high loading rates, and material performance acceptance criteria. The complete results of the testing on titanium alloy Ti-5AI-1Sn-1Zr-1V-0.8Mo (a.k.a. Ti-5111) and a Co-Ni-Cr-Mo-Al-Fe alloy will be presented along with the test methodology, data acquisition, and analysis details. The challenges encountered and areas that require further refinement will also be discussed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFracture mechanics.
=650  \0$aFasteners.
=650  \0$aFracture toughness.
=650  14$aFasteners.
=650  24$aFracture toughness.
=650  24$aStructural element testing.
=650  24$aTi-5111.
=650  24$aMP98T.
=700  1\$aL'Heureux, BP.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRoe, C.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13067.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13069
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13069$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13069$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRC377
=082  04$a616.8/34$223
=100  1\$aBradley, NJ.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aInfluence of Cold Rolling Threads Before or After Heat Treatment on the Fatigue Resistance of High Strength Fine Thread Bolts for Multiple Preload Conditions /$cNJ. Bradley, RI. Stephens, NJ. Horn, JJ. Gradman, JM. Arkema, CS. Borgwardt.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b8
=520  3\$aSI class 12.9 high strength steel bolts were used to investigate the fatigue behavior of bolt threads rolled before/after heat treatment at five different preload values. Bolts used were 3/8 UNRF-24 (fine) and preloads were taken as 1, 50, 75, 90, and 100 % of roll before heat treatment proof stress. Since proof stress was lowered 10 % for roll after heat treatment, these preloads for roll after heat treatment bolts were then actually 1.1, 55, 83, 100, and 110 % of proof stress (to keep load the same). The tests produced a range of R ratios (R=Smin/Smax) between 0.03 and 0.92. Maximum near surface residual compressive stresses, obtained via x-ray diffraction, ranged from −500 to −1000 MPa. Axial loads were applied through the nut and all fatigue failures occurred at the first thread of the nut/bolt interface with crescent shaped cracks dominating in most tests. Multiple ratchet marks (separate crack nucleation sites) occurred for roll before heat treatment bolts, while fewer or no ratchet marks, were evident for the roll after heat treatment. Scanning electron microscopy evaluation indicated all fatigue crack growth regions contained multiple fatigue facets, while final fracture regions contained ductile dimpling. Cyclic creep/ratcheting was monitored and little, or none, was observed for preload tests equal to or less than 75 %. Replication data indicated a log-normal distribution on life was very reasonable. The fatigue resistance for fine threads rolled after heat treatment with preload stresses of 1 % (R ratio less than 0.05) caused very large increases (158 %) in 107 cycles fatigue strength compared to roll before heat treatment. This is in agreement with other roll before/after low R-ratio results. The roll after heat treatment bolts when tested at the higher proof loads had 107 fatigue strengths of 69 to 30 % increase. These increases are much less than the 158 % at 1 % preload, but still significant. Constant life Haigh diagrams at 105 and 107 cycles were in qualitative agreement with VDI 2230 bolt preload guidelines.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMultiple sclerosis.
=650  \0$aMultiple sclerosis$xExercise therapy.
=650  \0$aPreload.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aR ratio.
=650  \0$aBolts.
=650  \0$aMean stress.
=650  \0$aResidual stress.
=650  14$aFatigue.
=650  24$aBolts.
=650  24$aPreload.
=650  24$aResidual stress.
=650  24$aMean stress.
=650  24$aR ratio.
=700  1\$aStephens, RI.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHorn, NJ.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGradman, JJ.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aArkema, JM.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBorgwardt, CS.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13069.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13072
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13072$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13072$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTJ1075
=082  04$a531/.1134$223
=100  1\$aOliver, MP.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffect of Tightening Speed on Thread and Under-Head Coefficient of Friction /$cMP. Oliver, VK. Jain.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b6
=520  3\$aApplying torque to a fastener creates friction as well as clamp-load. Friction and clamp-load are inversely proportional: as friction increases, the amount of clamp-load generated decreases. The speed at which a fastener is tightened has a pronounced affect on the magnitude of friction, and thereby clamp-load generated in a metal joint. This paper examines the relationship between the tightening speed with friction and clamp-load. The applied torque, clamp-load, and under-head torque were measured as the fastener was tightened within a torque/tension load cell. The corresponding thread torque, under-head and thread coefficients of friction values were calculated from equations given in both the DIN946 and ISO16047 standards. One bolt, one washer, and one nut (all of similar hardness) were used for all trials of this study. Two different anti-seize lubricants were used (one composed of molybdenum-disulfide and graphite and the other of mineral oil, nickel, and graphite). Lubricant was applied to both the thread and under-head regions of the bolt prior to torquing. Further trials were executed with the bolt, washer, and nut in the dry, or plain, condition (all of similar hardness). The results of this investigation indicated that the thread and under-head coefficients of friction decreased as speed increased. The programmed speeds ranged from 25 to 700 r/min, with a torque target of 28 N·m. Since the friction coefficients decreased, the amount of clamp-load generated at target torque increased with increasing speed. The average difference in clamp-load from minimum to maximum speed was determined to be 6.3 kN for both lubricants and 1.2 kN for the unlubricated condition.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aDynamics.
=650  \0$aClamp-load.
=650  \0$aTightening speed.
=650  \0$aTorque.
=650  14$aUnder-head and thread coefficient of friction.
=650  24$aClamp-load.
=650  24$aTorque.
=650  24$aTightening speed.
=700  1\$aJain, VK.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13072.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13073
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13073$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13073$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA356
=082  04$a624.1/76$223
=100  1\$aRenauld, ML.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aProbing the Elastic-Plastic, Time-Dependent Stress Response of Test Fasteners Using Finite Element Analysis /$cML. Renauld, H. Lien, WW. Wilkening.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aThe evolution of global and local stress/strain conditions in test fasteners under test conditions is investigated using elastic-plastic, time-dependent finite element analyses (FEA). For elastic-plastic response, tensile data from multiple specimens, material heats and test temperatures are integrated into a single, normalized flow curve from which temperature dependency is extracted. A primary creep model is calibrated with specimen- and fastener-based thermal relaxation data generated under a range of times, temperatures, stress levels, and environments. These material inputs are used in analytical simulations of experimental test conditions for several types of fasteners. These fastener models are constructed with automated routines and contact conditions prescribed at all potentially mating surfaces. Thermal or mechanical room temperature preloading, as appropriate for a given fastener, is followed by a temperature ramp and a dwell time at constant temperature. While the amount of thermal stress relaxation is limited for the conditions modeled, local stress states are highly dependent upon geometry (thread root radius, for example), preloading history and thermal expansion differences between the test fastener and test fixture. Benefits of this FE approach over an elastic methodology for stress calculation will be illustrated with correlations of stress corrosion cracking (SCC) initiation time and crack orientations in stress concentrations.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aVibration.
=650  \0$aFinite element method.
=650  \0$aFinite element analysis (FEA)
=650  \0$aElastic-plastic.
=650  \0$aFasteners.
=650  14$aFasteners.
=650  24$aFinite element analysis (FEA)
=650  24$aStress corrosion cracking (SCC)
=650  24$aElastic-plastic.
=700  1\$aLien, H.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWilkening, WW.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13073.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13075
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13075$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13075$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRC377
=082  04$a616.8/34$223
=100  1\$aStephens, RI.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aInfluence of Cold Rolling Threads Before or After Heat Treatment on the Fatigue Resistance of High Strength Coarse Thread Bolts for Multiple Preload Conditions /$cRI. Stephens, NJ. Bradley, NJ. Horn, JM. Arkema, JJ. Gradman.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b25
=520  3\$aSI class 12.9 high strength steel bolts were used to investigate the fatigue behavior of bolt threads rolled before/after heat treatment using five different preload values. Bolts were 3/8 UNRC-16 (coarse) and preloads were taken as 1, 50, 75, 90, and 100 % of roll before heat treatment proof stress. Since proof stress was lowered 10 % for roll after heat treatment, these preloads for roll after heat treatment bolts were then actually 1.1, 55, 83, 100, and 110 %. The tests produced a range of R-ratios between 0.03 and 0.92. Maximum near surface residual compressive stresses, obtained via X-ray diffraction, ranged from −600 to −1000 MPa. Axial loads were applied through the nut and all fatigue failures occurred at the first thread of the nut/bolt interface with crescent-shaped cracks dominating in most tests. SEM evaluation indicated all fatigue crack growth regions contained multiple fatigue facets, while final fracture regions contained ductile dimples. Cyclic creep/ratcheting was monitored and little, or none, was observed for preload tests equal to or less than 75 %. The fatigue resistance of the threads rolled after heat treatment with preload stresses of 1 % caused a 147 % increase in 107 cycles fatigue strength compared to roll before heat treatment. This is in agreement with other roll before/after low R-ratio results. However, with higher preload stresses, the roll after heat treatment fatigue strength did not increase. Constant life Haigh diagrams at 105 and 107 cycles were not always in agreement with VDI 2230 bolt preload guidelines.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMultiple sclerosis.
=650  \0$aPreload.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aR-ratio.
=650  \0$aBolts.
=650  \0$aMean stress.
=650  \0$aResidual stress.
=650  14$aFatigue.
=650  24$aBolts.
=650  24$aPreload.
=650  24$aResidual stress.
=650  24$aMean stress.
=650  24$aR-ratio.
=700  1\$aBradley, NJ.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHorn, NJ.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aArkema, JM.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGradman, JJ.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13075.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13077
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13077$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13077$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA473
=082  04$a620.1/76$223
=100  1\$aAtre, A.,$eauthor.
=245  10$a3D FEA Simulations to Assess Residual Stresses in Riveting Processes /$cA. Atre, WS. Johnson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aMultiple site damage (MSD) in aircraft structures can be defined by the presence of numerous minute cracks arising at different locations such as rivet holes in lap joints. One source of initiation can be due to residual stresses induced in the lap joints during the riveting process. This paper describes a finite element methodology of a quasistatic, displacement controlled riveting process to capture the local geometry features representative of service hole quality for accurate simulation of residual stresses in riveted lap joints. A three-dimensional finite element (FE) model that takes into account material, geometric, and contact non-linearities is developed using ABAQUS/Standard 6.4-1 to simulate the joining process. The interest of FE simulations is to conduct parametric studies to observe effects of varying hole clearance, misaligned holes, friction, and presence of debris on the residual stress state in the skin. Based on studies conducted, comments are made regarding any observed variation in tensile hoop stress, which is the primary source of fatigue cracks in riveted lap joints. A relation between the rivet-head deformation ratio and rivet-head height with applied displacement is developed using the finite element model, as a means of controlling the rivet-head deformation.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSteel$xFatigue$xHandbooks, manuals, etc.
=650  \0$aResidual stresses $vHandbooks, manuals, etc.
=650  \0$aMultiple site damage.
=650  \0$aResidual stresses.
=650  \0$aRiveting process.
=650  14$aMultiple site damage.
=650  24$aRiveting process.
=650  24$aResidual stresses.
=700  1\$aJohnson, WS.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13077.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13083
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13083$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13083$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQH212.N43
=082  04$a621.36$223
=100  1\$aIngole, S.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aWear Behavior of Niobium Boride Coatings /$cS. Ingole, H. Liang, M. Usta, C. Bindal, AH. Ucisik.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b19
=520  3\$aBoride coatings on corrosion resistant refractory metals are potentially used as implanting materials. In this research, we investigated wear mechanisms of boride coatings on pure niobium using a pin-on-disk tribometer. Surface morphology studied using scanning electron microscope shows the compressed boride layer with indistinguishable regions such as coating intermediate transition layer and the substrate. The surface analysis after wear tests was conducted using an atomic force microscope (AFM). It was found that the boride coating underwent deformation wear, and debris formed and accumulated at both ends of the track due to adhesion.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aNear-field microscopy.
=650  \0$aNanotechnology.
=650  \0$aBoronizing.
=650  \0$aThin film.
=650  14$aBoronizing.
=650  24$aAtomic Force Microscopy (AFM)
=650  24$aThin film.
=650  24$aNiobium boride coatings.
=700  1\$aLiang, H.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aUsta, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBindal, C.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aUcisik, AH.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13083.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13084
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13084$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13084$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN693.T5
=082  04$a620.1/89322$223
=100  1\$aPetersen, DW.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aComparative Evaluations of Surface Characteristics of cp Titanium, Ti-6AI-4V and Ti-15Mo-2.8Nb-0.2Si (Timetal® 21SRx) /$cDW. Petersen, JE. Lemons, LC. Lucas.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b40
=520  3\$aCommercially pure titanium (cpTi), Ti-6A1-4V (Ti64), and Ti-15Mo-2.8Nb-0.2Si (21SRx), with three unique atomic, alpha, alpha-beta, and beta grain structures, respectively, were subjected to three different surface treatments: cleaning, nitric acid passivation, and heat treatment. Experiments were conducted to determine the effects of the type of material and surface modifications on the substrate microstructure, surface oxide composition and thickness, and resultant corrosion behavior.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAlloys.
=650  \0$aSurface oxide.
=650  \0$aBeta-titanium.
=650  \0$aTitanium.
=650  \0$aCorrosion properties.
=650  \0$aTitanium alloy.
=650  14$aTitanium.
=650  24$aTitanium alloy.
=650  24$aBeta-titanium.
=650  24$aCorrosion properties.
=650  24$aSurface oxide.
=650  24$aAnd surface treatments.
=700  1\$aLemons, JE.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLucas, LC.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13084.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13087
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13087$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13087$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aS599.A1
=082  04$a333.76/0973$223
=100  1\$aShah, PH.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aGeneralized Archie's Law for Estimation of Soil Electrical Conductivity /$cPH. Shah, DN. Singh.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (20 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b59
=520  3\$aArchie's law, which is an empirical relationship between the electrical conductivity of rocks and their porosity, has been used widely for saturated rocks, while Archie's second law has been developed for unsaturated rocks. Both of these laws assume that the rock matrix is non-conducting and the conduction takes place through the pore-solution only. However, not many efforts have been made by the researchers to check suitability and applicability of Archie's law to the saturated or unsaturated states of the soils. Hence, a generalized Archie's law for soils, by incorporating their physical properties, volumetric moisture content, and bulk and pore-solution conductivities, was attempted in this study utilizing the data available in the literature. Further, to demonstrate the validity of this law, four soils with entirely different properties were used. These soils were characterized by conducting conventional laboratory tests, and their bulk and pore-solution conductivities were determined with the help of an impedance analyzer and a pressure membrane extractor.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAgricultural ecology.
=650  \0$aSediment control.
=650  \0$aVolumetric moisture.
=650  \0$aSoil.
=650  \0$aArchie's law.
=650  \0$aBulk conductivity.
=650  14$aSoil.
=650  24$aBulk conductivity.
=650  24$aPore-solution conductivity.
=650  24$aVolumetric moisture.
=650  24$aArchie's law.
=700  1\$aSingh, DN.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13087.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13089
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13089$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13089$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQE33.2.R4
=082  04$a551.0285$223
=100  1\$aFox, BS.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDetermination of Total Mercury in Crude Oil by Combustion Cold Vapor Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (CVAAS) /$cBS. Fox, KJ. Mason, FC. McElroy.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aUnlike many heavy metals, mercury is a long-range air and water pollutant whose load on the environment is increasing. According to published reports, a major source of atmospheric mercury is the burning of coal for electrical power generation. However, certain crude oils may contain up to several hundred ng/g of total mercury. Accurate analysis of total mercury in crude oil is the first step in determining the value of a crude oil and one's ability to process the material within the refinery, while generating finished products. This paper details the use of Combustion Cold Vapor Atomic Absorption Spectrometry (CVAAS) technology for the analysis of crude samples and distillation cuts. The instrument described in the report is one of several instrument methods currently being evaluated by groups in industry and government. The use of a boat-inlet sample introduction system allows crude oil and other types of material to be analyzed without acid digestion. The strengths and weaknesses of the combustion-CVAAS technique, along with a year's worth of operating experience, will be presented from the user's perspective.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aGEOPHYSICS.
=650  \0$aCrude oil.
=650  \0$aMercury.
=650  14$aMercury.
=650  24$aCrude oil.
=650  24$aCombustion CVAAS.
=700  1\$aMason, KJ.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMcElroy, FC.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13089.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13090
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13090$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13090$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD79.C45
=082  04$a543/.0873$223
=100  1\$aGras, RL.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDP-SCD and LTMGC for Determination of Low Sulfur Levels in Hydrocarbons /$cRL. Gras, JC. Luong, RV. Mustacich, RL. Shearer.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aA novel measurement technique has been developed for the rapid determination of low levels of sulfur in hydrocarbon matrices. The technique employs low thermal mass gas chromatography (LTMGC) and a dual plasma sulfur chemiluminescence detector (DP-SCD). Highly sensitive total volatile sulfur measurement can be made in less than 30 s with detection limits in the 20–30 parts per billion range. Response is linear over at least three orders of magnitude sulfur with excellent repeatability. By taking advantage of LTMGC's rapid temperature programming and cool down time, it is also possible to measure individual sulfur species, analogous to ASTM D 5623. Conditions have also been developed using the same analytical apparatus to detect the major elemental sulfur allotropes (S2, S3, S6, S7, and S8) in gasoline at levels that can cause silver corrosion.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aGas chromatography.
=650  \0$aMass spectrometry.
=650  \0$aDual plasma SCD.
=650  \0$aElemental.
=650  \0$aSulfur.
=650  14$aSulfur.
=650  24$aElemental.
=650  24$aSulfur chemiluminescence detection (SCD)
=650  24$aLow thermal mass gas chromatography (LTMGC)
=650  24$aDual plasma SCD.
=700  1\$aLuong, JC.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMustacich, RV.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aShearer, RL.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13090.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13092
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13092$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13092$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP690.8
=082  04$a665.5/38$223
=100  1\$aBartake, PP.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDetermination of Crushing Strength of Cenospheres /$cPP. Bartake, DN. Singh.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b17
=520  3\$aCenospheres are being used in various industrial applications mainly due to their low density, high crushing strength and good thermal and electrical insulation properties. However, for better and most effective usage of cenospheres as a filler material, it is essential to determine their crushing characteristics. With this in view, efforts were made to develop a methodology which can be employed for determining crushing strength of cenospheres easily. Details of the methodology are presented in this technical note, and its efficiency has been demonstrated by conducting pycnometric studies on cenospheres.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aLaboratories, test facilities and test equipment.
=650  \0$aPetroleum products$xMeasurement.
=650  \0$aCrushing strength.
=650  \0$aAspect ratio.
=650  \0$aPycnometer.
=650  \0$aCenospheres.
=650  \0$aSpecific gravity.
=650  14$aCenospheres.
=650  24$aCrushing strength.
=650  24$aAspect ratio.
=650  24$aSpecific gravity.
=650  24$aPycnometer.
=700  1\$aSingh, DN.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13092.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13093
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13093$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13093$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aHG1615
=082  04$a332.1068$223
=100  1\$aLee, H.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAnalysis of Error in Pavement Ground Truth Indicators for Evaluating the Accuracy of Automated Image Collection and Analysis System /$cH. Lee, J. Kim.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b18
=520  3\$aThe main purpose of this paper is to present the Automated Image Collection System (AICS) and Manual Image Analysis System (MIAS) as “ground-truth” for evaluating Automated Image Collection System (AICS) and Automated Image Analysis System (AIAS) for highway asset management. The proposed “ground-truth” is evaluated with respect to its repeatability against a traditional “ground-truth” procedure based on Manual Distress Collection System (MDCS) and Manual Distress Analysis System (MDAS). To capture digital images automatically, a vehicle mounted with a digital video camera was driven on the pavement test section. To determine the repeatability of MIAS, the images were evaluated by three individuals twice per individual. To determine the repeatability of MDCS/MDAS, the same individuals were asked to evaluate the same pavement section in the field twice per individual. Repeatability on three crack types was evaluated for two survey methods and three individuals. Overall, the average relative precisions of AICS/MIAS-based procedure by three individuals were 10, 8, and 19 % for longitudinal, transverse, and block cracks, respectively, whereas those of MDCS/MDAS-based procedure were 43, 45, and 41 % for longitudinal, transverse, and block cracks, respectively. In conclusion, the proposed AICS/MIAS-based “ground-truth” measurements can be considered as more repeatable by human operators than MDCS/MDAS-based “ground-truth” measurements.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFinancial institutions$xManagement.
=650  \0$aFinancial security.
=650  \0$aAsset management.
=650  \0$aPavement management.
=650  14$aPavement management.
=650  24$aAsset management.
=650  24$aManual Distress Collection System (MDCS)
=650  24$aManual Distress Analysis System (MDAS)
=650  24$aAutomated Image Collection System (AICS)
=650  24$aAutomated Image Analysis System (AIAS)
=650  24$aManual Image Analysis System (MIAS)
=700  1\$aKim, J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13093.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13105
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13105$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13105$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA460
=082  04$a620.16$223
=100  1\$aSoltész, U.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFatigue Testing of Bone Cements — Comparison of Testing Arrangements /$cU. Soltész, R. Schäfer, R. Jaeger, U. Gopp, K-D Kühn.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b14
=520  3\$aBone cements are a common tool for the fixation of high load bearing endoprostheses. One of the most important requirements for their safe function is sufficient strength under long-term loading conditions. Therefore, fatigue investigations are being performed increasingly in addition to the usual characterization by quasistatic tests. Meanwhile, such fatigue testing methods are also discussed by the responsible ISO-committee. Three testing procedures are considered: a 4-point-bending arrangement, a pure tensile test with flat tapered specimens, and a uniaxial tension/compression test with cylindrical tapered samples. Until now, a direct comparison of these three methods has not been conducted. The aim of this study is to compare the three procedures with respect to their applicability for the assessment of the fatigue properties of bone cements. Whereas tension/compression leads to uncertainties in the interpretation of the results, it turns out that bending and pure tension deliver consistent evaluations. With respect to practicability, simplicity, and costs, the bending test method, which is already standardized for the quasistatic testing of bone cements, is the preferred fatigue testing method.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMetals$xMechanical properties.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aAcrylics.
=650  \0$aMechanical properties.
=650  \0$aBone cement.
=650  \0$aMechanical test.
=650  14$aBone cement.
=650  24$aMechanical properties.
=650  24$aFatigue.
=650  24$aMechanical test.
=650  24$aAcrylics.
=700  1\$aSchäfer, R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aJaeger, R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGopp, U.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKühn, K-D,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13105.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13106
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13106$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13106$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.17
=082  04$a620.1/123$223
=100  1\$aSplett, JD.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAnalysis of Charpy Impact Verification Data :$b1993–2003 /$cJD. Splett, CN. McCowan.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b6
=520  3\$aIndirect verification tests used to verify the performance of Charpy impact machines according to ASTM Standard E23 were evaluated by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), and the data from these tests are collected in a database. The data include the capacity and the pendulum design of the impact machine, the energy obtained for each specimen tested, the reference energy for the specimen lot tested, and the test date. The principal use of this data is to track the performance of individual impact machines. However, the data also provide an opportunity to evaluate existing and proposed requirements for the indirect verification of Charpy impact machines. The results of more than 16 000 verification tests are used to compare the current verification requirements of ASTM Standard E23 with those of ISO Standard 148–2. Discussions focus on the identification of reasonable, practical, and meaningful verification requirements that might be proposed for use in both documents.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aNotched bar testing.
=650  \0$aCharpy test.
=650  \0$aImpact testing.
=650  \0$aNotched-bar testing.
=650  \0$aReference specimens.
=650  14$aCharpy V-notch.
=650  24$aImpact certification program.
=650  24$aImpact testing.
=650  24$aNotched-bar testing.
=650  24$aPendulum impact machines.
=650  24$aReference specimens.
=700  1\$aMcCowan, CN.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13106.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13110
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13110$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13110$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK7874.8
=082  04$a621.381$223
=100  1\$aMansoori, GA.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aNanotechnology — An Introduction for the Standards Community /$cGA. Mansoori, TA. Fauzi Soelaiman.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (22 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b43
=520  3\$aThis report constitutes an introductory report of interest to the standardization community on the advances made in the atomic and molecular nanotechnology regarding the ability to systematically organize and manipulate properties and behaviors of matter at the atomic and molecular levels. Basics of nanotechnology to create functional devices, materials, and systems on the 1–100 nanometer (one-billionth of a meter) length scales are presented.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMolecular electronics.
=650  \0$aOrganic compounds$xSynthesis.
=650  \0$aNanoscale.
=650  \0$aNanoscience.
=650  \0$aStandardization.
=650  \0$aSupramolecular.
=650  \0$aBioparticles.
=650  \0$aNanotechnology.
=650  14$aNanotechnology.
=650  24$aNanoscale.
=650  24$aSupramolecular.
=650  24$aBioparticles.
=650  24$aStandardization.
=650  24$aNanoscience.
=700  1\$aFauzi Soelaiman, TA.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13110.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13117
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13117$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13117$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA455.P5
=082  04$a620.1/92392$223
=100  1\$aStrong, JC.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aStandards Development for Impermeable, Constructible, and Durable Waterproofing /$cJC. Strong, JR. Kovach, VS. Eng.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (19 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b4
=520  3\$aBuilding owners' expectations for waterproofing systems are simple. Waterproofing must prevent the passage of water (impermeability), must be capable of successful installation under typical construction conditions (constructability), and must continue to provide waterproofing for the life of the structure (durability). The realization of these expectations is thwarted, in part, by a lack of consensus on how these features are defined, tested, and compared to performance-based criteria. This investigation includes waterproofing materials commonly used on plazas and below-grade walls. The authors discuss important properties of waterproofing and review the requirements of standards for waterproofing systems. The results of testing bentonite and cold liquid-applied waterproofing are reported. In conclusion, the authors suggest improvements in standards.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPlastics$xPermeability.
=650  \0$aElastomers$xPermeability.
=650  \0$aLiquid-applied.
=650  \0$aBentonite.
=650  \0$aWaterproofing.
=650  \0$aConstructability.
=650  \0$aDurability.
=650  \0$aImpermeability.
=650  14$aWaterproofing.
=650  24$aImpermeability.
=650  24$aConstructability.
=650  24$aDurability.
=650  24$aBentonite.
=650  24$aLiquid-applied.
=700  1\$aKovach, JR.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aEng, VS.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13117.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13121
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13121$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13121$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.52
=082  04$a620.1/1296$223
=100  1\$aStewart, JE.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aQuantification of Differential Thermal Movement in Insulating Glass Edge Seals Using Finite Element Analysis /$cJE. Stewart, WR. O'Brien, AT. Wolf.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b6
=520  3\$aDifferential thermal movement between the spacer frame and the glass panes is a key contributor to the aging of insulating glass edge seal and of the insulating glass unit (IGU) itself. Using finite element analysis (FEA) the authors modeled the thermal movements occurring in the edge seal of a large IGU (1.5×2.1 m2) as a result of temperature variations (−30°C to +60°C) for three commercially available spacer bars of different material and design. The model was based on nylon corner keys for the aluminum and galvanized steel spacers and bent corners for the stainless steel spacers. The nylon corner keys were assumed to be solid and firmly bonded to the spacers; whereas the bent corners were modeled as solid, bent metal corner keys, also firmly bonded to the spacers. Since actual bent corners are hollow, the model tends to overestimate the stresses for this corner design. As expected, at the low temperature, the corners are pulled inward, resulting in a bending angle >90°; while at the high temperature, the corners are pushed outwards, resulting in a bending angle <90°. Monitoring the changes occurring in the thickness of the polyisobutylene primary seal along the circumference of the IGU, the authors found that the stainless steel spacer had, by far, the least effect on the change in the cross-sectional area, while the aluminum spacer had the most substantial effect. This finding is in keeping with the expected performance based on the difference in thermal expansion coefficients between spacer material and float glass. Thus, changes in the effective cross-sectional area of the primary seal available for diffusion that arise from differential thermal movements, are likely to account for the observed performance differences of IGUs having different spacer materials.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMaterials$xThermal properties.
=650  \0$aMicrostructure.
=650  \0$aThermodynamics.
=650  \0$aSpacer.
=650  \0$aInsulating glass unit.
=650  14$aInsulating glass unit.
=650  24$aDifferential thermal movement.
=650  24$aSpacer.
=650  24$aFinite element analysis.
=700  1\$aO'Brien, WR.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWolf, AT.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13121.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13122
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13122$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13122$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aR857.O6
=082  04$a610.28$223
=100  1\$aWolf, AT.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aUse of Optical Imaging/Image Analysis System for the Quantitative Analysis of Surface Changes Induced by Outdoor Weathering on Sealants /$cAT. Wolf, S. Sugiyama, F. Lee.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b5
=520  3\$aSix sealant samples that had been weathered outdoors for 6.8 years in Japan were evaluated using an Optical Imaging/Image Analysis System, Atlas VIEEW™. The specimens were first visually evaluated with aesthetic ratings assigned. These ratings were then used as the reference for the optical image analysis. Image analysis was carried out on sealant images taken under optimized diffuse illumination at a constant illuminance. Two sets of images were captured per specimen, first the weathered surface for deterioration evaluation, and second the unweathered surface as a control (reference) image. Four distinct surface defects are quantifiable in the samples. These are cracking (crazing), visual color change, spatial uniformity of deterioration (due to dirt pick-up and uneven color change, or both), and overall surface texture. Chalking and dirt pick up, as rated visually prior to this evaluation, could not be accurately assessed with the digital imaging technique. The analysis shows that surface cracking and crazing generally can be well characterized using the automated VIEEW™ system. Judging color changes visually is problematic, since cracking and crazing interferes with color judgment. Further investigations are needed to develop an automated surface characterization method for sealants.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aDiagnostic imaging.
=650  \0$aImaging systems in medicine.
=650  \0$aAesthetic appearance.
=650  \0$aColor change.
=650  \0$aChalking.
=650  \0$aCracking.
=650  \0$aCrazing.
=650  \0$aOptical imaging.
=650  \0$aDirt pick-up.
=650  \0$aImage analysis.
=650  \0$aSealant.
=650  14$aAesthetic appearance.
=650  24$aSealant.
=650  24$aCracking.
=650  24$aCrazing.
=650  24$aColor change.
=650  24$aDirt pick-up.
=650  24$aChalking.
=650  24$aOptical imaging.
=650  24$aImage analysis.
=700  1\$aSugiyama, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLee, F.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13122.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13126
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13126$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13126$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD383.S54
=082  04$a668.4/227$223
=100  1\$aCai, Y.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aReducing Tin and Aminosilane Concentration in Silicone Elastomeric Coating to Improve Its Durability /$cY. Cai.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (5 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b4
=520  3\$aThis study evaluated the impacts of tin and amino-functional silane on the long-term durability of a silicone coating material.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSilicon polymers.
=650  \0$aElastomers.
=650  \0$aAminosilane.
=650  \0$aSilicone coating.
=650  \0$aTin catalyst.
=650  \0$aDurability.
=650  \0$aMechanical property.
=650  14$aSilicone coating.
=650  24$aDurability.
=650  24$aQUV.
=650  24$aMechanical property.
=650  24$aTin catalyst.
=650  24$aAminosilane.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13126.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13127
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13127$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13127$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA660.J64
=082  04$a624.1/77$223
=100  1\$aEnomoto, Noriyoshi,$eauthor.
=245  10$aStudy of Weatherability of Construction Sealants with Novel Testing Method /$cNoriyoshi Enomoto, Akihiko Ito, Ichirou Shimizu, Takashi Matsumura, Yoshimitsu Takane, Kyoji Tanaka.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b5
=520  3\$aAlthough construction sealants are used for all kinds of construction joints such as static joints with little movement, dynamic joints with thermal or seismically induced movement, and so on, the general test methods employed in the evaluation of the weatherability of construction joint are based on weathering test without movement. In November of 2000, AIJ (Architectural Institute of Japan) established a subcommittee chartered with developing an accelerated weathering test method, which enables the determination of the durability of waterproofing materials and sealants. In this activity, we evaluated the weatherability of sealants with a new test method using newly developed test specimens, which enable exposing the cured sealants to compression and extension at the same time in a single test specimen. In this paper, we report the interim test results, which cover twelve months of natural weathering and 3500 hours artificial weathering with xenon lamp and carbon flame weathering device. In this evaluation, we confirm that the surface degradation of sealants is accelerated by the additional movement cycles, and the differences in the degradation among the sealants are becoming observable.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aJoints (Engineering)
=650  \0$aAccelerated exposure.
=650  \0$aOut-door exposure.
=650  \0$aJoint movement.
=650  \0$aSealant.
=650  \0$aWeatherability.
=650  14$aSealant.
=650  24$aWeatherability.
=650  24$aJoint movement.
=650  24$aOut-door exposure.
=650  24$aAccelerated exposure.
=700  1\$aIto, Akihiko,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aShimizu, Ichirou,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMatsumura, Takashi,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTakane, Yoshimitsu,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTanaka, Kyoji,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13127.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13136
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13136$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13136$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK7870.15
=082  04$a621.381/046$223
=100  1\$aHuff, D.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aNondestructive Field Testing of Installed Weatherproofing Sealant Joints—Questions and Answers /$cD. Huff.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b3
=520  3\$aWith current expectations for building exteriors to prevent all air and water entry into the building interior, the need for a near pertect seal of weatherproofing sealant joints has reached new levels of intensity. The need for better field tests has increased accordingly. To reach these goals, ASTM Standard C-1521-02a [1] has been developed and adopted. The practice outlines a nondestructive procedure. This procedure provides an examiner of the joint the option of inducing an artificial strain to the sealant bead using a blunt instrument so that the sealant is subjected to a stress at the bond line typical to the anticipated cyclic movement endured by the sealant during the normal service life of the joint. The advantage of this methodology is that it allows an unlimited amount of testing to be conducted. While the procedure does not specify a specific instrument to induce the strain, a device able to accomplish this procedure in a uniform, controlled, and calibrated fashion has been developed. The paper outlines a description of the device and its capabilities. The paper also provides a discussion of the use of statistical sampling when the option of 100 % testing is not feasible or required. The author believes that the future of field testing of installed weather proofing sealant joints should include enhanced nondestructive procedures. Continued field use, research, and development are essential in the quest for a near perfect building seal.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAdhesive joints.
=650  \0$aToxic mold.
=650  \0$aNondestructive.
=650  \0$aTesting device.
=650  \0$aField testing.
=650  \0$aAdhesion.
=650  \0$aSealant.
=650  14$aSealant.
=650  24$aAdhesion.
=650  24$aNondestructive.
=650  24$aTesting device.
=650  24$aField testing.
=650  24$aToxic mold.
=650  24$aASTM Standard C 1521.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13136.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13142
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13142$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13142$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH2481
=082  04$a690/.15$223
=100  1\$aBateman, R.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDesigning and Specifying Self-Adhering Flashings for the Window-Wall Interface /$cR. Bateman.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (29 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aSelf-adhering flashings provide a flexible and durable material that conforms to various wall planes, particularly those occurring in recessed wall openings. New flashing methods for the window-wall interface are available for this material. These new methods for designers are illustrated with step-by-step installation details for recessed windows, flush wall openings, recessed sills, and sill pan flashings. Considerations for flashing the window-wall interface are presented. A guide specification for self-adhering flashings is included for specifiers.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aRoof drainage.
=650  \0$aRoofs$xDesign and construction.
=650  \0$aDetailing.
=650  \0$aRecessed Opening.
=650  \0$aSill Pan Flashing.
=650  \0$aWindow Head Flashing.
=650  \0$aSpecification.
=650  14$aDetailing.
=650  24$aSpecification.
=650  24$aWeather-Resistant Barrier (WRB)
=650  24$aSelf-Adhering Flashing (SAF)
=650  24$aRecessed Opening.
=650  24$aSill Pan Flashing.
=650  24$aWindow Head Flashing.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13142.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13156
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13156$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13156$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRA1231.B4
=082  04$a615.9/25391$223
=100  1\$aAshley, K.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aInterlaboratory Evaluation of a Portable Fluorescence Method for the Measurement of Trace Beryllium in the Workplace /$cK. Ashley, TM. McCleskey, MJ. Brisson, G. Goodyear, J. Cronin, A. Agrawal.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b20
=520  3\$aResearchers at Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL) developed a field-portable fluorescence method for the measurement of trace beryllium in workplace samples such as surface dust and air filters. The technology has been privately licensed and is commercially available. In cooperation with the Analytical Subcommittee of the Beryllium Health and Safety Committee, we have carried out a collaborative interlaboratory evaluation of the LANL field-portable fluorescence method. The interlaboratory study was conducted for the purpose of providing performance data that can be used to support standard methods. Mixed cellulose ester (MCE) membrane filters and Whatman 541 filters were spiked with beryllium standard solutions so that the filters spanned the range ≈0.05 − ≈0.5 µg Be per sample. Sets of these filters were then coded (to ensure blind analysis) and sent to participating laboratories, where they were analyzed. Analysis consisted of the following steps: 1. Removal of the filters from transport cassettes and placement of them into 15-mL centrifuge tubes; 2. mechanically-assisted extraction of the filters in 5 mL of 1% ammonium bifluoride solution (aqueous) for 30 min; 3.–4. filtration and transfer of sample extract aliquots (100 µL) into fluorescence cuvettes; 5. introduction of 1.9 mL of detection solution (to effect reaction of the fluorescence reagent with beryllium in the extracted sample); and 6. measurement of fluorescence at ≈475 nm using a portable fluorometer. This work presents performance data in support of a procedure that is targeted for publication as a National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) method and as an ASTM International standard.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aOccupational Exposure.
=650  \0$aRisk Assessment.
=650  \0$aField-portable.
=650  \0$aFluorescence.
=650  \0$aWorkplace.
=650  \0$aOn-site monitoring.
=650  \0$aBeryllium.
=650  \0$aTrace analysis.
=650  14$aBeryllium.
=650  24$aField-portable.
=650  24$aFluorescence.
=650  24$aInterlaboratory evaluation.
=650  24$aOn-site monitoring.
=650  24$aTrace analysis.
=650  24$aWorkplace.
=700  1\$aMcCleskey, TM.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBrisson, MJ.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGoodyear, G.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aCronin, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAgrawal, A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13156.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13157
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13157$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13157$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRA1231.B4
=082  04$a615.925391$223
=100  1\$aBrisson, MJ.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aOpportunities for Standardization of Beryllium Sampling and Analysis /$cMJ. Brisson, AA. Ekechukwu, K. Ashley, SD. Jahn.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b24
=520  3\$aSince the U. S. Department of Energy (DOE) published the DOE Beryllium Rule (10 CFR 850) in 1999, DOE sites have been required to measure beryllium in air filter and surface wipe samples for purposes of worker protection and for release of materials from beryllium-controlled areas. Measurements in the nanogram range on a filter or wipe are typically required. Industrial hygiene laboratories have applied methods from various analytical compendia, and a number of issues have emerged concerning sampling and analysis practices. As a result, a committee of analytical chemists, industrial hygienists, and laboratory managers was formed in November 2003 to address the issues. The committee developed a baseline questionnaire and distributed it to DOE sites and other agencies in the U.S., Canada, and the U.K. The results of the questionnaire are presented in this paper. These results confirmed that a wide variety of practices was in use in the areas of sampling, sample preparation, and analysis. Additionally, although these laboratories are generally accredited by the American Industrial Hygiene Association (AIHA), there are inconsistencies in execution among accredited laboratories. As a result, there are significant opportunities for development of standard methods that could improve consistency. The current availabilities and needs for standard methods are further discussed in a companion paper.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBeryllium $xToxicology.
=650  \0$aBeryllium $xHealth aspects.
=650  \0$aWorkplace.
=650  \0$aSampling.
=650  \0$aBeryllium.
=650  \0$aAnalysis.
=650  \0$aStandards.
=650  14$aAnalysis.
=650  24$aBeryllium.
=650  24$aSampling.
=650  24$aStandards.
=650  24$aWorkplace.
=700  1\$aEkechukwu, AA.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAshley, K.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aJahn, SD.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13157.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13158
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13158$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13158$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRA1231.B4
=082  04$a615.9/25391$223
=100  1\$aCampling, D.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSampling and Analysis of Beryllium at JET :$bPolicy Cost and Impact /$cD. Campling, B. Patel.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aThis paper describes the sampling and analysis of beryllium at the Joint European Torus (JET) fusion facility. The current policy requiring 100% personal air sampling (PAS) and taking many surface contamination smears generates 40 000 samples per year. Sample processing, analysis, and the quality assurance (QA) program are described. Costs are summarized to derive a cost per sample of ≈£4.2 ($8). This is economical but as 99.8% of PAS measurements are < 2μg/m3 and the aggregated costs are high, reviewing the policy is justified. The disadvantages of the present strategy, the options for a change of policy, and the role that an accredited real-time analysis instrument could play are discussed. Retrospective analysis affects the machine operating time; a quicker technique would have a significant impact on improving experimental time. The project's experience is that turnaround times of 2–6 h can be routinely achieved for large numbers of samples.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aOccupational Exposure.
=650  \0$aRisk Assessment.
=650  \0$aReal-time.
=650  \0$aSampling.
=650  \0$aBeryllium.
=650  \0$aFusion.
=650  \0$aAnalysis.
=650  \0$aPolicy.
=650  14$aBeryllium.
=650  24$aFusion.
=650  24$aSampling.
=650  24$aAnalysis.
=650  24$aPolicy.
=650  24$aCost.
=650  24$aReal-time.
=700  1\$aPatel, B.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13158.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13166
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13166$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13166$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRA1231.B4
=082  04$a615.925391$223
=100  1\$aAmer, S.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDetermination of Beryllium Compounds by NIOSH 7303 /$cS. Amer, D. Smieja, J. Loughrin, L. Reichmann.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b7
=520  3\$aThe fourth edition of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) Manual of Analytical Methods contains a new, simplified procedure for elemental analysis in workplace atmospheres by Inductively Coupled Argon Plasma Atomic Emission Spectroscopy (ICP-AES) titled NIOSH 7303. This method uses hot block digestion with hydrochloric acid (HCl) and nitric acid (HNO3). The method was presented as fully valid for elemental beryllium. It was further investigated and also found to be valid for beryllium sulfate tetrahydrate and has a recovery efficiency of about 80 % for beryllium oxide. Additionally, no matrix effect on beryllium analysis is apparent by NIOSH 7303 for five common sampling media: polyvinylchloride filters, mixed cellulose ester filters, Whatman® 42 filters, Ghost™ wipes, and Palintest® wipes. Finally, the method has been reevaluated and found to produce a beryllium detection level of 0.0002 μg/mL (0.005 μg/sample for air samples) and a quantifiable level of 0.0005 (0.0125 μg/sample). At this detection limit, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) of 0.002 mg/m3 can be achieved at the method's detection level with an air sample of 2.5 L or one tenth of the PEL with a sample of 25 L under the prescribed preparation and analytical conditions.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBeryllium $xToxicology.
=650  \0$aBeryllium $xHealth aspects.
=650  \0$aBeryllium oxide.
=650  \0$aBeryllium.
=650  14$aBeryllium.
=650  24$aBeryllium oxide.
=650  24$aICP.
=650  24$aNIOSH 7303.
=700  1\$aSmieja, D.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLoughrin, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aReichmann, L.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13166.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13168
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13168$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13168$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD181.B4
=082  04$a546$223
=100  1\$aMinogue, EM.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDevelopment of a New Fluorescence Method for the Detection of Beryllium on Surfaces /$cEM. Minogue, DS. Ehler, AK. Burrell, TM. McCleskey, TP. Taylor.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aA rapid, quantitative, sensitive test for the detection of beryllium on surfaces has been developed. The method is based on the fluorescence of beryllium bound to sulfonated hydroxybenzoquinoline at pH 12.8, which emits at 475 nm when excited at 380 nm and includes a novel dissolution technique. The intensity of fluorescence is linear with respect to beryllium concentration. A detection limit of 0.02 µg Be/100 cm2 has been achieved, which is ten times lower than the DOE recommended working limit for non-beryllium work areas [1]. Interference studies have been carried out with a variety of metals including Al, Fe, Pb, U, Cd, Cr, Hg, Ca, W, Ni, Co, and Cu with minimal or no interferences found for detection of Be at 100 nM in the presence 0.4 mM of the other metal. The method has proven successful under various operating conditions, including the detection of beryllium on a variety of surfaces both in laboratory settings and in field trials. It fulfills the requirements for a fast, inexpensive, field deployable method of detection of beryllium on surfaces.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBeryllium.
=650  14$aBeryllium.
=650  24$aFluorimetric detection.
=650  24$aHBQS.
=650  24$aEnvironmental monitoring.
=700  1\$aEhler, DS.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBurrell, AK.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMcCleskey, TM.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTaylor, TP.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13168.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13169
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13169$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13169$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRA1231.B4
=082  04$a615.9/25391$223
=100  1\$aAshley, K.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aStandard Methods for Beryllium Sampling and Analysis :$bAvailabilities and Needs /$cK. Ashley, MJ. Brisson, SD. Jahn.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b40
=520  3\$aConformity in methods for sampling and analysis of beryllium in workplace air and on surfaces is desired, but inconsistencies in sampling and analytical practices often occur among industrial hygienists and laboratory personnel. In an effort to address these issues, this paper gives an overview of standardized methods for sampling and analysis of beryllium in the workplace. A number of published methods is currently available to the industrial hygiene and analytical community, but shortfalls in the use of standardized practices require attention. Also, questions remain concerning the performance of some of the sampling and analytical methodologies that have been promulgated. We attempt to identify needs for new or improved standard sampling protocols, sample preparation techniques, analytical methods, and reference materials. Where applicable, performance data are summarized for standardized methods that are either published or are under development. These include not only ASTM and ISO international standards, but also methods published by government agencies in the USA and abroad. Significant gaps in standard methods and requirements for reference materials remain. For example, consistent practices are lacking for: (a) surface sampling of beryllium in dust; (b) extraction of beryllium from surface dust samples prior to instrumental analysis; and (c) reference materials containing beryllium oxide (especially high-fired BeO). These and other gaps will be identified and shortcomings addressed. An ultimate goal is to provide standard methods which will ensure comparability of data obtained from different sites around the globe.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aOccupational Exposure.
=650  \0$aRisk Assessment.
=650  \0$aWorkplace.
=650  \0$aSampling.
=650  \0$aBeryllium.
=650  \0$aSample preparation.
=650  \0$aAerosols.
=650  \0$aAnalysis.
=650  \0$aReference materials.
=650  \0$aStandards.
=650  \0$aSurfaces.
=650  14$aAerosols.
=650  24$aAnalysis.
=650  24$aBeryllium.
=650  24$aReference materials.
=650  24$aSample preparation.
=650  24$aSampling.
=650  24$aStandards.
=650  24$aSurfaces.
=650  24$aWorkplace.
=700  1\$aBrisson, MJ.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aJahn, SD.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13169.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13171
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13171$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13171$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRA1231.B4
=082  04$a615.925391$223
=100  1\$aWatters, RL.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aOpportunities for Development of Reference Materials for Beryllium /$cRL. Watters, MD. Hoover, GA. Day, AB. Stefaniak.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (18 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b19
=520  3\$aReference materials provide the foundation for assessment of analytical chemistry methods, accurate quantification of occupational and environmental exposures, and conduct of in vitro and in vivo toxicology studies for health effects research. Although the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) supplies industry, academia, government, and other users with over 1300 reference materials of the highest quality and metrological value, the number of beryllium reference materials is limited. Currently available beryllium reference materials include standard spectroscopy solutions of beryllium and copper-beryllium alloy in the form of blocks, chips, and rods. Beryllium is present as a trace element in some standard soil-sludge, coal fly ash, and urine reference materials. Beryllium on filter media was available at one time, but is not currently available. A number of opportunities exist for identification and development of needed beryllium reference materials for beryllium-containing ores, beryllium oxide, beryllium metal, beryllium metal-matrix materials, beryllium-containing alloys, and beryllium in biological samples. These opportunities will require multidisciplinary and multi-organizational collaboration. Needed actions include consensus on the relevant chemical and physical forms of beryllium; market analyses of demand for the materials; identification of candidate industrial or laboratory-produced samples of the materials; selection of samples that meet criteria for uniformity, physical form, measured quantities, and continued availability; development of production protocols for collection and preparation of the materials, including adequate provisions for occupational health and environmental protection; incorporation of these materials into a supply, distribution, and cost-recovery infrastructure; and continued feedback and information sharing to ensure that the reference materials are meeting user needs or are modified as necessary. Lessons from other major initiatives for reference materials of lead, silica, and similar materials provide guidance on how to optimize and implement an enhanced program for beryllium reference materials.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBeryllium $xToxicology.
=650  \0$aBeryllium $xHealth aspects.
=650  \0$aBeryllium.
=650  \0$aReference materials.
=650  \0$aTraceability.
=650  14$aBeryllium.
=650  24$aReference materials.
=650  24$aCertified reference materials.
=650  24$aStandard reference materials.
=650  24$aTraceability.
=700  1\$aHoover, MD.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDay, GA.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aStefaniak, AB.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13171.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13172
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13172$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13172$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC454.L3
=082  04$a535.8/4$223
=100  1\$aChen, M-D,$eauthor.
=245  10$aUse of Electrically Enhanced Aerosol Plasma Spectroscopy for Real-Time Characterization of Beryllium Particles /$cM-D Chen, RW. Smithwick, R. Hinton.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b22
=520  3\$aThe best warning of human exposure to elevated toxic aerosol particles is a monitor that can provide a near-real-time alarm function. Use of surrogate indices such as particle-number concentration, mass concentration, and/or other flow-diagnostics variables is ineffective and could be costly when false positives do arise. We have developed a field-portable system specifically for monitoring beryllium particles in the air in near real-time. The prototype monitor is installed on a two-shelf handcart that can be used in workplaces involving beryllium extraction, machining, and parts fabrication. The measurement involves no sample preparation and generates no analytical waste. The operating principle of the monitor is electrically enhanced laser-induced electrical-plasma spectrometry assisted with aerosol-focusing technology. Performance data of the monitor indicate a dynamic range spanning over four orders of magnitude, and the monitor is capable of detecting an airborne beryllium concentration of 0.05 μg m-3. In reference, the Department of Energy (DOE) standard for beryllium is 0.2 μg m−3 within an 8-h average, while the Occupational Safety and Health Administration standard for beryllium is 2 μg m−3. In addition, the monitor is capable of simultaneous detection of multiple elements using an Echellette spectrometer if needed. The capability of simultaneous detection provides a convenient means for positive identification and possible quantification of multiple elements in near real time. We present the instrument development and calibration data and results from field demonstration conducted at a DOE facility in Oak Ridge, Tennessee.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aLaser spectroscopy.
=650  \0$aReal-time monitoring.
=650  \0$aAerosolized beryllium.
=650  \0$aAirborne particles.
=650  14$aAerosolized beryllium.
=650  24$aAirborne particles.
=650  24$aElectrically enhanced laser-based measurement.
=650  24$aReal-time monitoring.
=700  1\$aSmithwick, RW.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHinton, R.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13172.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13174
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13174$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13174$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK9001
=082  04$a546.391$223
=100  1\$aStefaniak, AB.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCharacteristics of Beryllium Oxide and Beryllium Metal Powders for Use as Reference Materials /$cAB. Stefaniak, MD. Hoover, GA. Day, AA. Ekechukwu, GE. Whitney, CA. Brink, RC. Scripsick.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b26
=520  3\$aLaboratory evaluations of commercially available powders of beryllium oxide (BeO) and beryllium metal, with special emphasis on type UOX-125 BeO and type I-400 beryllium metal, are ongoing to develop reference materials for evaluating analytical chemistry digestion methods and facilitating occupational health studies. Measured properties of the powders include morphology, size, density, specific surface area (SSA); crystalline and elemental composition, surface chemistry, and in vitro dissolution in hydrochloric acid (HCl) (pH 1), phagolysosomal simulant fluid (PSF) (pH 4.5), and serum ultrafiltrate (pH 7.3). The powders were also used to evaluate the digestion and recovery efficiencies for commonly used U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), and Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) standard analytical methods. UOX-125 BeO powder has high-purity and aggregate cluster morphology with SSA independent of aerodynamic particle cluster size, which results in dissolution kinetics that are independent of cluster size. I-400 beryllium metal powder has high-purity and compact particle morphology with SSA that increases as particle size decreases, which causes size-dependent dissolution kinetics (i.e., smaller particles dissolve more quickly than larger particles). The PSF and HCl chemical dissolution rate constants (g·cm−2·day−1) for the BeO powder were a factor of 10 lower than for the metal powder. Concomitantly, the EPA and NIOSH analytical methods, which used aggressive digestion procedures (e.g., microwave-assisted sample digestion or perchloric acid), gave more complete recovery of beryllium from BeO compared to the OSHA analytical method. Our characterization data suggest that these BeO and metal powders hold promise for use as analytical reference materials. We recommend continued laboratory collaborations to evaluate and apply these BeO and beryllium metal powders as analytical reference materials.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBeryllium oxide $xCongresses.
=650  \0$aBeryllium oxide.
=650  \0$aParticle.
=650  \0$aBeryllium metal.
=650  \0$aReference material.
=650  \0$aDigestion.
=650  14$aBeryllium oxide.
=650  24$aBeryllium metal.
=650  24$aReference material.
=650  24$aDigestion.
=650  24$aParticle.
=700  1\$aHoover, MD.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDay, GA.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aEkechukwu, AA.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWhitney, GE.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBrink, CA.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aScripsick, RC.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13174.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13180
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13180$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13180$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRC377
=082  04$a616.8/34$223
=100  1\$aForth, SC.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAnomalous Fatigue Crack Growth Data Generated Using the ASTM Standards /$cSC. Forth, JC. Newman, RG. Forman.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b22
=520  3\$aThe ASTM standard for fatigue crack growth, E 647, was co-developed by industry and government in the late 1970s to define a standard procedure for generating material crack growth behavior under a variety of loading conditions. The standard specifies tolerances on laboratory procedures, specimen configurations to generate material characterization information of a high integrity. Recent research developing fatigue crack growth rate data has uncovered significant issues with the standard test method and specimen configurations. The data generated has been largely dependent on specimen configuration, i.e., M(T) and C(T) specimens produce very different crack growth rate curves; C(T) specimens of different sizes do not generate the same material response; and finally, the development of steady-state, as defined using constant ΔK testing, does not agree with the data generated with the standard ASTM test method. Therefore, in this paper the authors present data that does not lend confidence in the integrity of the standard C(T) specimen tested using the ASTM standard method and investigate causes for the observed anomalous crack growth rate behavior.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMultiple sclerosis.
=650  \0$aCrack closure.
=650  \0$aCrack growth.
=650  \0$aFatigue crack growth.
=650  14$aFatigue crack growth.
=650  24$aASTM E 647.
=650  24$aCrack growth.
=650  24$aCrack closure.
=700  1\$aNewman, JC.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aForman, RG.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13180.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13181
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13181$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13181$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA417.3
=082  04$a620.11278$223
=100  1\$aGlancey, CD.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aVolumetric and Surface Positron Annihilation Studies of Fatigue Damage Accumulation in a Steel Alloy /$cCD. Glancey, RR. Stephens.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aFatigue crack nucleation comprises a significant portion of the fatigue life for many structures. The ability to inspect and quantify damage before significant cracks appear could improve safety while allowing components to be retired only when they have reached the end of their useful life. Positron annihilation is one technique that allows for observation of damage accumulation on a much smaller scale than traditional nondestructive evaluation techniques. As-polished and shot-peened 300M steel specimens were fatigued under constant amplitude. Tests were interrupted at several fatigue life ratios between the as-received and failed conditions, and damage was measured with positron annihilation techniques. Positron annihilation was sensitive to both induced residual stresses and fatigue damage build up, but measurement uncertainty was high and sensitivity was low. Positron annihilation presents a potentially revolutionary nondestructive evaluation technique that could give a quantitative measure of early fatigue damage.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aElectrical engineering.
=650  \0$aEngineering.
=650  14$aFatigue crack nucleation.
=650  24$aNondestructive evaluation.
=650  24$aPositron annihilation.
=650  24$a300M steel.
=700  1\$aStephens, RR.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13181.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13183
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13183$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13183$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQ295
=082  04$a620.1126$223
=100  1\$aBjörk, T.,$eauthor.
=245  13$aAn Experimental and Numerical Study of the Fracture Strength of Welded Structural Hollow Section X-Joints /$cT. Björk, G. Marquis, V. Pellikka, R. Ilvonen.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b6
=520  3\$aThe effect of the geometry and material properties on the fracture strength of welded X-joints fabricated from structural hollow section (SHS) profiles has been studied experimentally and by using nonlinear finite element analysis (FEA). The current paper focuses on four joints tested at −40°C. This was one part of an extensive series of laboratory experiments performed at temperatures +20°C… −60°C. At sub-zero temperatures the primary fracture mode was mainly ductile followed by final brittle failure. The radius and material properties in the corner area of a SHS are dependent on the fabrication method of the SHS. In cold-formed sections the corner radius is typically large and the yield strength is greater than the nominal yield strength of the base material. This bigger corner radius can provide different stiffness and load carrying capacity as compared to joints fabricated from hot-formed sections. Numerical simulation and experimental tests focused on the importance of this corner effect and the separate role geometry, yield strength, and fracture toughness on the total fracture strength of the joint.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFracture mechanics.
=650  \0$aBrittle fracture.
=650  \0$aDuctile fracture.
=650  \0$aX-joint.
=650  14$aStructural hollow section.
=650  24$aX-joint.
=650  24$aDuctile fracture.
=650  24$aBrittle fracture.
=700  1\$aMarquis, G.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPellikka, V.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aIlvonen, R.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13183.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13188
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13188$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13188$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQ295
=082  04$a620.1126$223
=100  1\$aLawrence, TO.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSurface Roughness, Quasi-Static Fracture, and Cyclic Fatigue Effects on GFRP- and CFRP-Concrete Bonded Interfaces /$cTO. Lawrence, DM. Boyajian.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b17
=520  3\$aThe recently developed experimental fracture approach known as the Single Contoured-Cantilever Beam (SCCB) was used to characterize the interface bonds between concrete substrates and two varieties of FRP: glass and carbon (abbreviated GFRP and CFRP, respectively). Limited research has been performed concerning the FRP-concrete interface bond relative to three surface-roughness grades: low- (<10 μm), moderate- (≈ 10–50 μm), and high- (>50 μm), to establish the optimal formation for bonding. By use of the SCCB approach, Mode I critical strain energy release rate results are measured and quantified. Finally, considering that a majority of externally strengthened FRP concrete structures involves bridges and girders that are subjected to repeated (as opposed to static) loads, a preliminary study is conducted on cyclically fatigued FRP-concrete interfaces under varying load-ratio and frequency effects.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFracture mechanics.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aFracture.
=650  \0$aSurface Roughness.
=650  14$aSurface Roughness.
=650  24$aCFRP-Concrete.
=650  24$aGFRP-Concrete.
=650  24$aSCCB.
=650  24$aFracture.
=650  24$aFatigue.
=700  1\$aBoyajian, DM.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13188.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13189
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13189$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13189$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aPR9265.9.J358
=082  04$a813/.6$223
=100  1\$aIchinose, K.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDetection of Crack Initiation by Observations of Free Surface Condition /$cK. Ichinose, S. Yoshida, K. Gomi, K. Taniuchi, K. Fukuda, H. Ishii.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aA simple method to detect crack initiation is presented. By polishing the surface of carbon steel structure properly and using the Lüders bands and orange peel as indicators for damage, it is possible to predict crack initiation with the naked eye. The initiation of the Lüders bands is the yellow light of the crack initiation, for instance, in the traffic signal, and orange peel is the red light. The relationship between the observed surface condition and the cyclic stress-strain characteristics is discussed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAssassins.
=650  \0$aAttempted assassination.
=650  \0$aLüders band.
=650  \0$aFatigue damage.
=650  \0$aLow cycle fatigue.
=650  \0$aOrange peel.
=650  14$aFatigue damage.
=650  24$aCyclic stress-strain diagram.
=650  24$aLow cycle fatigue.
=650  24$aFatigue crack initiation.
=650  24$aLüders band.
=650  24$aOrange peel.
=700  1\$aYoshida, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGomi, K.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTaniuchi, K.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFukuda, K.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aIshii, H.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13189.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13191
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13191$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13191$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQ295
=082  04$a620.1126$223
=100  1\$aGraham, SM.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aApplication of the Reference Temperature to the Evaluation of Cleavage Fracture in HSLA-100 Steel /$cSM. Graham, GP. Mercier, BP. L'Heureux.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b15
=520  3\$aThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the fracture behavior of HSLA-100 steel at a temperature of −40°C (−40°F). Tests were conducted on three different compositions and two orientations of HSLA-100. HY-100 was also tested to provide a baseline for comparison. Various fracture-related tests were conducted, including traditional test methods, such as the Charpy V-notch and the Dynamic Tear, and more recent methods, such as ductile crack growth initiation (JIc) and the reference temperature. Transition temperatures from the Charpy tests were all very similar, falling around −129°C (−200°F), although the upper shelf Charpy energy for the HY-100 was lower than the HSLA-100 steels. Dynamic tear energies at −40°C for the four steels ranged from 800 to 1800 J. The average reference temperature of all four steels, measured according to ASTM E 1921, was around −151°C (−240°F), with one composition of HSLA-100 coming in as low as −179°C (−290°F) and another as high as −123°C (−190°F). Fracture toughness tests were conducted according to E 1820 at temperatures of −40, −29, and −18°C. These temperatures were more than 83°C above the highest of the reference temperatures, so cleavage fracture was not expected to occur. The HY-100 specimens exhibited an average initiation toughness of 227 kJ/m2 (1296 lb/in.) and crack growth remained ductile throughout the tests. Even though the HSLA-100 exhibited initiation toughnesses more than twice as high as the HY-100, many of the tests terminated in cleavage fracture after amounts of ductile crack growth varying from 0 to 1.85 mm (0.073 in.). This was an unexpected result based on good Charpy and dynamic tear energies at −40°C, and low reference temperatures. The higher initiation toughness and tearing resistance of HSLA-100 allowed very high stresses to develop in the fracture process zone. As ductile crack growth occurred, the fracture process zone swept through an increasing volume of metal, which increased the probability of cleavage fracture. It is shown that the load required to reach these levels of crack driving force may be above gross section yielding of a typical structure. In this case failure by gross section yielding would occur before fracture. This is demonstrated with the aid of a failure assessment diagram.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCleavage.
=650  \0$aFracture mechanics.
=650  14$aFracture mechanics.
=650  24$aReference temperature.
=650  24$aCleavage.
=650  24$aHSLA-100.
=700  1\$aMercier, GP.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aL'Heureux, BP.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13191.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13193
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13193$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13193$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQ295
=082  04$a620.1126$223
=100  1\$aJoyce, JA.,$eauthor.
=245  13$aAn Investigation of Specimen Geometry Effects on the Fracture Behavior of a Polytetrafluoroethylene Polymer /$cJA. Joyce, PJ. Joyce.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (18 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b19
=520  3\$aRecent interest by the U.S. Navy in metal filled polymers for weapons applications has resulted in a desire to characterize interactions between polymer properties associated with strain rate sensitivity, pressure sensitivity, failure mechanisms, damage mechanisms, spall strength, crystalline response to shock loading, and dynamic fracture mechanics as well as the effects of loading the polymer with various metal fillers [1]. Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is an important structural polymer that in the “7C” derivative is used for gaskets, bearing pads, piston rings, and diaphragms and when 5μm aluminum spheres are added, has important ballistic properties. Prior work [2–4] evaluated the fracture toughness of PTFE and aluminum filled PTFE over a range of temperatures and loading rates using compact tension (C(T)) specimens and the normalization method [5–7] described in Annex A15 of ASTM E 1820. Moreover, prior work [3] has shown that filling the PTFE with 10 to 25 % aluminum 5μm spheres can increase stiffness and strength while the effect on toughness can be either positive or negative depending on the loading rate and test temperature. The overall effect on fracture toughness properties derived from adding the aluminum spheres to the PTFE is small and for that reason the unfilled PTFE material was used here to study the effects of geometry on fracture toughness in this material. The normalization method was initially chosen for this project because of the scarcity and cost of specimen material, especially the filled, reactive material, the many different test conditions to be investigated, and the inadequacy of alternative methods. It was quite fortunate that the normalization method was used initially to characterize this polymer since the fracture toughness resistance curves of this material often contains ductile instabilities or “pop-ins” which would not have been well characterized by multispecimen methods. The objective of this work is to compare the fracture toughness measurements obtained from C(T) and precracked Charpy (SE(B)) specimens tested under similar test conditions. A comparison is also made between J-R curves obtained using the single specimen normalization method and the “Basic” or multispecimen procedure. A limited study of the effects of side grooving on the crack extension and on the resulting J-R curves is included here.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFracture mechanics.
=650  \0$aJ-integral.
=650  \0$aPop-in behavior.
=650  \0$aGeometry effects.
=650  \0$aSide grooves.
=650  14$aJ-integral.
=650  24$aElastic-plastic fracture.
=650  24$aPolytetrafluorethylene (PTFE)
=650  24$aPop-in behavior.
=650  24$aGeometry effects.
=650  24$aSide grooves.
=650  24$aCrack growth corrections.
=700  1\$aJoyce, PJ.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13193.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13195
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=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13195$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13195$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQ295
=082  04$a620.1126$223
=100  1\$aMeshii, T.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSimulation on the Decrease in Threshold Stress Intensity Factor (SIF) Range due to High Maximum SIF /$cT. Meshii, K. Ishihara, T. Asakura.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b8
=520  3\$aIn this paper, a method is proposed to quantitatively estimate the decrease in threshold stress intensity factor (SIF) range due to high maximum SIF, that is observed for some materials in constant maximum SIF fatigue crack growth tests. The parameters for the simulation were inversely determined from the experimental data of carbon steel, Al and Ti alloys with the aid of genetic algorithm. The set of candidate parameters named as a “generation” were repeatedly generated and evaluated until the experimental data were reproduced by the simulation. A very interesting fact was that though the test conditions for these three materials were different, the obtained simulation parameters seemed to be independent of material. Finally, the proposed method was validated by comparing predictions with experimentally determined values of the decrease in threshold on an embrittled carbon steel.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aStatic fracture mode.
=650  \0$aFatigue crack growth.
=650  \0$aGenetic algorithm.
=650  \0$aSimulation.
=650  \0$aFracture mechanics.
=650  14$aFracture mechanics.
=650  24$aFatigue crack growth.
=650  24$aThreshold stress intensity factor range.
=650  24$aStatic fracture mode.
=650  24$aSimulation.
=650  24$aGenetic algorithm.
=700  1\$aIshihara, K.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAsakura, T.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13195.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13197
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13197$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13197$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA460
=082  04$a620.16$223
=100  1\$aBucher, L.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aElasto-Viscoplastic Behavior of the Ferritic Stainless Steel AISI 441-EN 1.4509 from Room Temperature to 850°C /$cL. Bucher, P-O Santacreu, A. Köster, L. Remy.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b3
=520  3\$aIn order to predict the thermomechanical fatigue (TMF) damage of stainless steel parts submitted to thermal loading, the elasto-viscoplastic behavior has to be described accurately in a wide range of temperature, strain, and strain rate levels. The study is done on a stabilized ferritic stainless steel grade equivalent to AISI 441 or EN 1.4509 standard which is used more and more in high temperature application up to 950°C, for example, in exhaust manifolds, heat exchanger, burners, or water-boiler device. The elasto-viscoplastic model proposed by Chaboche is chosen and identified on the basis of isothermal cyclic tests including relaxation and graduated cyclic strain tests performed under air at 300, 650 and 850°C. The validation procedure was performed afterward by comparison with stabilized behavior under nonisothermal conditions, especially in-phase, out-of-phase, and diamond TMF cycles. Results of simulation show very good fitting with the experimental curves which would lead to a more accurate fatigue life prediction.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMetals$xMechanical properties.
=650  \0$aBehavior model.
=650  14$aThermomechanical fatigue.
=650  24$aElasto-viscoplastic behavior.
=650  24$aFerritic stainless steel.
=650  24$aBehavior model.
=700  1\$aSantacreu, P-O,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKöster, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRemy, L.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13197.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13198
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13198$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13198$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQ295
=082  04$a620.1126$223
=100  1\$aYatomi, M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCreep Crack Growth Predictions in Component Using a Damage Based Approach /$cM. Yatomi, KM. Nikbin.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b26
=520  3\$aThis paper presents a numerical study of simulated creep crack growth (CCG) prediction in a compact tension [C(T)] specimen and a pipe component containing cracks. The results are compared to experimental data of the same consisting of creep crack growth tests of a carbon-manganese steel (C-Mn) tested at 360°C. The constitutive behavior for this steel is described by a power law creep model and the uniaxial properties are used in a damage based model to predict CCG. For comparison between CCG properties of the pipe and C(T) specimens, different reference stress methods were used to derive appropriate C* values. It has been shown that the global solution for collapse in the cracked pipes gives the best correlation with the C(T) data. On this basis CCG rates for pipe are higher than those for C(T) specimens at the same value of C*. The damage-based approach combined with a crack tip constraint model based on void growth is also used to predict the crack propagation rates in the pipe component using a two-dimensional finite elements (FE) mesh. Elastic-plastic-creep analyses are performed using a node debonding criteria to simulate and predict crack extension under plane stress and plane strain conditions. It has been found that CCG against time predicted from the FE under plane stress conditions is almost the same as those for the experimental data. Comparing C* derived from different reference stress methods to C* from FE analysis it has been found that C* from FE under plane strain condition correlates best with C* from the global reference stress solution. Consequently the main CCG difference between the C(T) and the pipe component is found to be due to the method of estimating C* and not due to constraint effects.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCrack growth rate.
=650  \0$aHigh temperature.
=650  \0$aPipe.
=650  \0$aC-Mn steel.
=650  \0$aMultiaxial.
=650  \0$aCreep.
=650  \0$aComponents.
=650  \0$aFracture mechanics.
=650  \0$aReference stress.
=650  \0$aFinite element.
=650  14$aCreep.
=650  24$aCrack growth rate.
=650  24$aFracture mechanics.
=650  24$aReference stress.
=650  24$aC-Mn steel.
=650  24$aHigh temperature.
=650  24$aPipe.
=650  24$aComponents.
=650  24$aFinite element.
=650  24$aMultiaxial.
=700  1\$aNikbin, KM.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13198.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13199
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13199$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13199$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRC377
=082  04$a616.8/34$223
=100  1\$aBeretta, S.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFatigue Strength in Presence of Inhomogeneities :$bInfluence of Constraint /$cS. Beretta, M. Carboni, M. Madia.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b22
=520  3\$aThe effect of defects on the entity of the fatigue limit is nowadays well known and is demonstrated to be equivalent to the nonpropagating condition of short cracks. The influence of constraint at the defect tip has been addressed in the present paper considering a mild steel whose mechanical behavior has been experimentally determined together with the propagation threshold values for long cracks. The activity has first dealt with the determination of the Kitagawa diagram by means of fatigue limit tests using specimens containing micro-notches with different shapes (drilled holes and narrow slits). Experimental results showed a significant influence of the defect shape on the fatigue limit and thresholds. In order to understand the reasons, defects have then been analyzed by elasto-plastic FEM analyses. Computational results have confirmed a significant difference in the global constraint factor at the crack tip between round and narrow defects.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMultiple sclerosis.
=650  \0$aDefect shape.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aConstraint factor.
=650  \0$aFatigue thresholds.
=650  14$aFatigue.
=650  24$aConstraint factor.
=650  24$aDefect shape.
=650  24$aFatigue thresholds.
=700  1\$aCarboni, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMadia, M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13199.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13206
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13206$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13206$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQ295
=082  04$a620.1126$223
=100  1\$aProst-Domasky, SA.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aVerification of Analytical Models in a Fracture Mechanics Based Approach to Modeling Fretting Fatigue /$cSA. Prost-Domasky, CL. Brooks, N. Young.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b14
=520  3\$aA fracture mechanics-based approach which uses Mode I Stress Intensity Factor (SIFs) to estimate the influence of fretting fatigue loads (which can consist of normal and shear contact loads, as well as bulk or far-field loads) has been proposed by Rooke and Jones (“Stress Intensity Factors in Fretting Fatigue,” Journal of Strain Analysis, Vol. 14, No. 1, 1979, pp. 1–6), who proposed a cracking scenario in which a single edge crack propagates to failure under the influence of the contact and bulk stress damage drivers. A major shortcoming of this approach is that the underlying analytical method and closed form integral equations assume that the single edge crack propagates into a semi-infinite domain or half-space. Significant differences in the stress states for finite width domains have been postulated by Fellows et al. (“Contact Stresses in a Moderately Then Strip (with Particular Reference to Fretting Experiments,” Wear, Vol. 185, 1995, pp. 235–238) among others. SIFs can be roughly correlated with stress; therefore variations in the stress states normally result in variations in the SIFs. Variations in the SIFs due to shear and normal contact loads, and due to finite width effects are quantitatively evaluated with the finite element method (FEM). Results with the finite element approach are compared to those using the Rooke and Jones method, as well as other results from the open literature.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFracture mechanics.
=650  \0$aFretting fatigue.
=650  \0$aHolistic models.
=650  14$aFretting fatigue.
=650  24$aHolistic models.
=700  1\$aBrooks, CL.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aYoung, N.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13206.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13208
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13208$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13208$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQ295
=082  04$a620.1126$223
=100  1\$aWardle, G.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPrediction of the Shape of the KJ Ductile-to-Brittle Transition Temperature Curve for Ferritic Pressure Vessel Steels Using the Material's Resistance to Crack Extension KJ versus Δa Curve /$cG. Wardle, W. Geary.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aFracture toughness (KJ (cleavage)) measurements made within the ductile-to-brittle transition region for ferritic pressure vessel steels are not always described by the shape of the Master Curve currently given in ASTM Standard E 1921. The objective of this paper is to show how the shape of the transition toughness curve may be related to the shape of the material's resistance to crack extension curve (KJR) once the crack tip starts to blunt and ductile crack extension precedes cleavage failure. Using an empirical relationship between the mean ductile crack extension (Δa) prior to the onset of cleavage failure and temperature (Δa=λ exp(ϕT)), then the relationship between KJ and T may simply be given by KJ=KA+α[λ exp(ϕT)]β, where KA, α, and β are simply the coefficients to an offset power law to KJ versus Δa data given by KJR=KA+α(Δa)β. For specimens of different sizes, a reference temperature TK may be defined for a given reference level of Δa or equivalent KJ. Unique curves may be defined for materials with differing crack extension resistance curves through plots of KJ versus (T−TΔa(ref)) or (T−TK(ref)). The generalized form of the transition curve may be given by KJ=KA+α{Δa(ref) exp[ϕ(T−TΔa(ref))]}β or KJ=KA+(K(ref)−KA){exp[ϕ(T−TK(ref))]}β. Experimentally, ϕ has been estimated as approximately 0.08 for nuclear pressure vessel materials such as A533B/A508. Using a specific situation wherein the value of KA=30MPa√m,K(ref)=100MPa√m, and β=0.25 then, for a B=25-mm specimen, within experimental scatter this provides an almost exact match to the Master Curve given by KJ=30+70 exp[0.019(T−TK100)]. The predictions of transition curve shape using the material's resistance to crack extension curve are believed to be complementary to the Master Curve method, and may describe the shape of the transition curve when there is ductile crack extension prior to cleavage failure. Further work is recommended to investigate the relationship between the predicted ductile-to-brittle transition curve and the Master Curve for probabilities of cleavage failure post-initiation.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFracture mechanics.
=650  \0$aMaster Curve.
=650  \0$aResistance curve.
=650  \0$aFracture toughness.
=650  14$aFracture toughness.
=650  24$aTransition curve shape.
=650  24$aResistance curve.
=650  24$aMaster Curve.
=700  1\$aGeary, W.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13208.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13209
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13209$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13209$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQ295
=082  04$a620.1126$223
=100  1\$aZhu, X-K,$eauthor.
=245  10$aConstraint Corrected J-R- Curve and Its Application to Fracture Assessment for X80 Pipelines /$cX-K Zhu, BN. Leis.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (17 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b33
=520  3\$aSingle specimen J-R curve testing for X80 pipeline steel was conducted using single edge notched bend (SENB) and single edge notched tension (SENT) specimens with various crack lengths. Test data indicate that the J-R curves for this steel are strongly constraint dependent. To facilitate transferability of experimental J-R curves to those for actual cracked components, this paper develops a constraint corrected J-R curve for X80 steel. A modified J-Q theory that can consider the global bending stress influence is proposed so as to correctly quantify constraint effect on the crack-tip fields and the J-R curves. Results show that the modified J-Q solution can well match numerical crack-tip fields for bending specimens, with Q being a load-independent constraint parameter under large scale yielding. Based on the experimental data and numerical analysis, a constraint corrected J-R curve is formulated as a function of the parameter Q and crack extension Δa for X80 steel. A general procedure to predict J-R curves for actual cracked components is then outlined. Comparison indicates that the predicted J-R curves developed in this paper agree well with the experimental data for both SENB and SENT specimens. To demonstrate its application in failure assessment, the constraint corrected J-R curve for X80 steel is used to determine failure loads for a surface cracked pipeline. Reasonable agreement to available analytic solution is achieved.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFracture mechanics.
=650  \0$aJ-R curve.
=650  \0$aPipeline.
=650  \0$aX80 steel.
=650  \0$aFracture toughness.
=650  \0$aConstraint effect.
=650  \0$aFailure assessment.
=650  \0$aJ-Q theory.
=650  14$aConstraint effect.
=650  24$aJ-Q theory.
=650  24$aJ-R curve.
=650  24$aFracture toughness.
=650  24$aFailure assessment.
=650  24$aX80 steel.
=650  24$aPipeline.
=700  1\$aLeis, BN.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13209.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13210
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13210$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13210$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRC377
=082  04$a616.8/34$223
=100  1\$aYoung, BA.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDevelopment of a Circumferentially Throughwall Cracked Tube Specimen for Fatigue Crack Growth Rate Tests /$cBA. Young, WA. Van Der Sluys, PJ. King.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b10
=520  3\$aThis paper describes the development of a nonstandard specimen geometry for fatigue crack growth rate studies. Most fatigue crack growth rate data, available in open literature, for Alloy 690 and Alloy 600 were developed using standard, thick section C(T) specimens. Recently a need arose to study a circumferentially throughwall cracked tube specimen. The goal of the development was to use this tube specimen to determine any effects of section thickness or grain size on corrosion enhancement of fatigue crack growth rates in a simulated pressurized water reactor (PWR) primary side environment. Along with the final specimen geometry, the stress intensity equation and crack length monitoring equation are discussed. The stress intensity equation was converted to a standard polynomial equation in order to use a conventional automated fatigue crack growth rate software package. Symmetry arguments were made to justify the use of direct current potential drop (DCPD) and the use of the standard Johnson's equations for measuring crack lengths. Also, some discussions of the validity requirements for this geometry are presented such as stress intensity limits to remain with linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM) bounds and crack length limits to avoid excess bending stresses. A baseline test program was conducted on Alloy 690 tube specimens in ambient air and these results were compared with literature data. Also, a sensitivity investigation was preformed to determine the error between the polynomial equations developed and the actual equations in literature. The results of this study confirmed that a circumferentially cracked tube specimen could produce valid fatigue crack growth rate data.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMultiple sclerosis.
=650  \0$aCrack growth rate.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aTube.
=650  \0$aCrack propagation.
=650  \0$aPotential drop.
=650  \0$aSteam generator.
=650  \0$aSpecimen geometry.
=650  \0$aStress intensity.
=650  14$aSteam generator.
=650  24$aTube.
=650  24$aFatigue.
=650  24$aCrack propagation.
=650  24$aCrack growth rate.
=650  24$aSpecimen geometry.
=650  24$aPotential drop.
=650  24$aStress intensity.
=700  1\$aVan Der Sluys, WA.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKing, PJ.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13210.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13218
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13218$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13218$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA347.F5
=082  04$a620.00151825$223
=100  1\$aBiglari, FR.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFinite Element Simulation of Dynamic Crack Propagation for Complex Geometries Without Remeshing /$cFR. Biglari, A. Rezaeinasab, K. Nikbin, I. Sattarifar.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b28
=520  3\$aSimulation of the crack growth for complex geometries is presented in this paper. Determination of the crack propagation direction under mixed mode conditions is one of the most important parameters in fracture mechanics. There are several criteria that have been developed to predict crack growth and its direction using linear elastic fracture mechanics (LEFM), many of which have recently been incorporated into finite element codes. These criteria are commonly adopted in the prediction of crack propagation in simple geometries and in straight crack paths. In more complex geometries, a more accurate determination of the crack propagation path, using remeshing methods can be employed. However, the remeshing technique usually suffers from the loss of strain energy density that can occur at the tip of the crack during the interpolation of field solutions. In this research work, the crack growth simulation is presented which allows for crack path deviation without the use of remeshing of the model. This method deals with a nonstraight crack growth path, is based on a node releasing technique and appropriate fracture criteria. The maximum principal stress and maximum strain energy release rate criteria is used in this paper exclusively. The results of simulation have been compared with experimental results as well as with numerical works of others that have been found in the recently published literature.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFinite element method.
=650  \0$aFinite element method.
=650  \0$aNode releasing.
=650  \0$aCrack propagation.
=650  14$aFinite element method.
=650  24$aCrack propagation.
=650  24$aNode releasing.
=650  24$aMaximum energy release rate.
=650  24$aStrain energy density.
=700  1\$aRezaeinasab, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNikbin, K.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSattarifar, I.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13218.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13219
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13219$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13219$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQ295
=082  04$a620.1126$223
=100  1\$aBusso, EP.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMechanistic Studies of High-Temperature Crack Initiation in Single Crystal Materials /$cEP. Busso, NP. O'Dowd, K. Nikbin.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aIn this work, the results of mechanistic studies of surface crack initiation due to the coalescence of microcracks from casting defects are presented. Two approaches are considered; namely, a continuum damage (CD) one and another where a microvoid is explicitly introduced in the vicinity of a notch. In both cases, a rate-dependent crystallographic theory is relied upon to describe the visco-plastic behavior of the single crystal. The numerical studies are conducted on a notched compact tension (CT) specimen with and without a single casting defect, idealized as a cylindrical void close to the notch surface. CD predictions of the formation of surface cracks under constant far-field loading, linked to the nucleation and coalescence of microcracks from internal porosities, are obtained from a recently proposed mechanistic anisotropic void growth model. In the explicit-void modeling approach, the time to crack initiation under constant load has been predicted using a strain-based failure criterion. Finite element analysis of the CT specimen revealed that, due to the strong localization of inelastic strain at the void, a microcrack will initiate in the vicinity of the void rather than at the notch surface. The numerical results have also shown that the time to crack initiation depends strongly on the applied load level and the void location. These results and those obtained from the CD predictions are compared and discussed. The applicability of a failure assessment approach, based on the linear elastic stress intensity factor to predict the crack initiation time under creep loading, is also considered.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFracture mechanics.
=650  \0$aFracture.
=650  \0$aSurface diffusion.
=650  \0$aFinite elements.
=650  14$aNickel base superalloy.
=650  24$aFracture.
=650  24$aSurface diffusion.
=650  24$aCreep.
=650  24$aFinite elements.
=700  1\$aO'Dowd, NP.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNikbin, K.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13219.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13220
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13220$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13220$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQ295
=082  04$a620.1126$223
=100  1\$aDavies, CM.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAnalysis of Creep Crack Initiation and Growth in Different Geometries for 316H and Carbon Manganese Steels /$cCM. Davies, F. Mueller, KM. Nikbin, NP. O'Dowd, GA. Webster.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (20 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b20
=520  3\$aResults obtained from a European collaborative project aimed at producing a draft code of practice for creep crack growth testing are presented. The tests were performed on an Austenitic Type 316H Stainless Steel at 550°C and a carbon manganese steel at 400°C. A range of specimen test geometries has been examined. These are the single edge notched specimen in tension and bending, the double edge notched specimen in tension, the middle cracked specimen in tension, and the C-shaped specimen in tension. The results obtained are compared to those obtained using the standard compact tension specimen following the ASTM Standard Test Method for Measurement of Creep Crack Growth Rates in Metals (E 1457). Creep crack creep growth rates and initiation times have been correlated with the fracture mechanics parameter C*. The applicability of the stress intensity factor K to describe the creep cracking behavior is also assessed. Recommendations are made to support the use of different geometries in creep crack growth and/or creep crack initiation testing.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCode of Practice.
=650  \0$aCreep crack growth.
=650  \0$aFracture mechanics.
=650  \0$aConstraint.
=650  \0$aSpecimen geometry.
=650  14$aFracture mechanics.
=650  24$aCreep crack growth.
=650  24$aCreep crack initiation.
=650  24$aSpecimen geometry.
=650  24$aCode of Practice.
=650  24$aConstraint.
=700  1\$aMueller, F.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNikbin, KM.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aO'Dowd, NP.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWebster, GA.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13220.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13221
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13221$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13221$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA347.F5
=082  04$a620.00151825$223
=100  1\$aDavies, CM.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aExperimental Evaluation of the J or C* Parameter for a Range of Cracked Geometries /$cCM. Davies, M. Kourmpetis, NP. O'Dowd, KM. Nikbin.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (20 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b32
=520  3\$aIn the current ASTM Standard Test Method for Measurement of Creep Crack Growth Rates in Metals (E 1457) the experimental C* parameter is related to the load and creep load line displacement rate through the geometry related η factor. In this work η factors for a range of geometries are presented. The geometries examined are the compact tension specimen, C(T), single edge notch specimen in tension, SEN(T), and bending, SEN(B), double edge notch specimen in tension, DEN(T), middle crack specimen in tension, M(T) and the C-shaped specimen in tension CS(T). Calculations have been performed for a linear elastic-power law hardening material but the resulting η factors are applicable to either power law plastic or power law creeping materials. Values for ηLLD and ηCMOD, based on the load line displacement and crack mouth opening displacement, respectively, have been determined. A wide range of crack depths, 0.1⩽a/W⩽0.7, where a is crack length and W is specimen width, and hardening exponents, 3 ⩽N ⩽10, under plane stress and plane strain conditions have been examined using the finite element method. The influence of specimen length, crack length, material properties and out of plane stress state on the η factor has also been considered. It has been found that for shallow cracks the value of η depends quite strongly on the exponent, N in the material power law, regardless of whether η is defined based on the load line displacement or crack mouth opening displacement. The ηLLD factor has also been found to be strongly sensitive to plane stress/strain conditions imposed, a/W and specimen length, whereas ηCMOD depends more weakly on a/W and is almost independent of specimen length for the cases examined. There is, however, no clear trend in these variations over the range of specimen geometries and a/W examined. These results are found to be consistent with those in the literature. Recommendations are made regarding the most appropriate values for η, depending on the specimen type and geometry while taking into account the variability due to the material properties, out of plane stress state and variations between the numerical analyses.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFinite element method.
=650  \0$aCreep crack growth.
=650  \0$aEta factor.
=650  \0$aFinite element.
=650  \0$aSpecimen geometry.
=650  14$aEta factor.
=650  24$aCreep crack growth.
=650  24$aFinite element.
=650  24$aSpecimen geometry.
=650  24$aJ.
=650  24$aLoad line displacement.
=650  24$aCrack mouth opening displacement.
=700  1\$aKourmpetis, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aO'Dowd, NP.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNikbin, KM.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13221.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13222
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13222$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13222$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC665.E4
=082  04$a530.141$223
=100  1\$aPatterson, EA.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aObservations on Photo-Emission and the Process Zone of a Fatigue Crack /$cEA. Patterson, FA. Diaz, JR. Yates.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aCyclic loading of a solid material induces a cyclic temperature fluctuation. The thermal cycle is asynchronous with the loading cycle when the strains are elastic. This is commonly known as the thermoelastic effect. In differential thermography, a sensitive infrared camera is used to measure this temperature variation; typically of the order of a few tens of milliKelvin. Since the magnitude of the temperature variation is proportional to the dilational strain, values of the surface elastic stress can be derived. Recent advances in infrared camera technology and data processing algorithms have enabled values of effective stress intensity factor ranges and the location of fatigue cracks to be determined from temperature fluctuations around the crack tip on the specimen surface. Careful observation in the region near a crack tip reveals deviations from the asynchronous behavior of the photon signal relative to the load cycle. Phase shifts up to π/8 are commonly observed. The spatial distribution of these phase shifts exhibits characteristic features which are described and discussed. The features in this distribution appear to be associated with high elastic strain gradients, regions of plasticity and contact between the crack faces. Interpretation of the phase shift and its spatial distribution may lead to a better understanding of the mechanics of fatigue crack growth.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPiezoelectricity.
=650  \0$aScience.
=650  \0$aPlastic zone.
=650  \0$aFatigue crack.
=650  \0$aThermoelasticity.
=650  14$aThermoelasticity.
=650  24$aFatigue crack.
=650  24$aPlastic zone.
=700  1\$aDiaz, FA.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aYates, JR.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13222.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13223
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13223$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13223$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQ295
=082  04$a620.1126$223
=100  1\$aDogan, B.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEuropean Code of Practice for Creep Crack Initiation and Growth Testing of Industrially Relevant Specimens /$cB. Dogan, U. Ceyhan, KM. Nikbin, B. Petrovski, DW. Dean.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (20 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b21
=520  3\$aThe integrity and residual life assessment of high temperature components require information obtained from the material's mechanical, uniaxial creep, creep crack initiation (CCI), and growth (CCG) properties. The information derived from these material tests needs to be validated and harmonized following a Code of Practice (CoP) so that variability in data as well as in the analysis can be optimized between different institutions. The paper describes a CoP for creep crack growth testing of industrially relevant specimens, which was developed within the framework of the partially European Commission (EC) funded project called “CRETE.” Novel aspects of the CoP include advice for testing different specimen geometries, which differ from the standard Compact Tension (C(T)) specimen proposed in the only available CCG testing standard ASTM E 1457. Recommendations for required number of tests, techniques for testing, treatment of test records, reduction of test data, and data analysis are presented. Associated specimen selection guidelines for industrial creep crack initiation and growth testing are also described. Validation tests carried out within the project on Type 316H steel at 550°C and a C-Mn steel at 400°C using relevant specimen geometries are also briefly described. The CoP contains recommended K and C* solutions, Y functions, and η factors, which are used to determine values of the fracture parameters K and C* for the specimen geometries considered, and these are summarized in this paper. Information from these new tests, together with a review of previous creep crack growth tests on nonstandard geometries, have been used in recommending the best method of analysis for the creep crack initiation (CCI) and creep crack growth (CCG) data for a range of creep brittle to creep ductile materials.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCode of practice.
=650  \0$aCreep crack growth.
=650  \0$aFracture mechanics.
=650  \0$aSpecimen geometry.
=650  14$aCode of practice.
=650  24$aFracture mechanics.
=650  24$aCreep crack initiation.
=650  24$aCreep crack growth.
=650  24$aSpecimen geometry.
=650  24$aη factor.
=700  1\$aCeyhan, U.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNikbin, KM.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPetrovski, B.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDean, DW.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13223.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13226
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13226$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13226$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA660.J64
=082  04$a624.1/77$223
=100  1\$aTabuchi, M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCreep Crack Growth Analysis of Welded Joints for High Cr Heat Resisting Steel /$cM. Tabuchi, H. Hongo, T. Watanabe, AT. Yokobori.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aThe creep strength of weldment for high Cr ferritic steels decreases due to Type IV damages in the heat affected zone during long-term services at high temperatures. It is important to predict initiation and growth of creep voids and cracks in weldment. This paper clarified the Type IV crack initiation and growth properties in fine-grained HAZ of weldments for tungsten strengthened high Cr steels. On the basis of experimental results, the computational simulation for Type IV crack growth behavior was conducted. The effect of multiaxial stress condition on vacancy diffusion and crack initiation was discussed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aJoints (Engineering)
=650  \0$aCreep crack growth.
=650  \0$aWelded joint.
=650  14$aHigh Cr heat resisting steel.
=650  24$aWelded joint.
=650  24$aType IV fracture.
=650  24$aCreep crack growth.
=650  24$aFEM.
=700  1\$aHongo, H.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWatanabe, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aYokobori, AT.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13226.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13227
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13227$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13227$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQA611.5
=082  04$a515/.39$223
=100  1\$aWasmer, K.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPrediction of Scatter in Creep Crack Growth Data from Creep Failure Strain Properties /$cK. Wasmer, KM. Nikbin, GA. Webster.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b29
=520  3\$aProcedures are available for determining the creep crack growth (CCG) properties of materials experimentally in terms of the creep fracture mechanics parameter C*. When these properties have not been measured, predictions can be made from models of the cracking process. These models show that creep crack growth rate at a given value of C* is most sensitive to the creep ductility ɛ*f appropriate to the state of stress at a crack tip. For plane stress conditions, it is found that ɛ*f can be taken to be equal to the uniaxial creep ductility ɛf of a material and for plane strain to be given by ɛf/30. Hence, in this paper, uniaxial creep properties on type 316 L(N) austenitic stainless steel and two 9 %Cr steels, designated P91 and P92, in the temperature range 500–750°C are reported and scatter in the data identified from statistical analysis. For each steel, the dependence of creep ductility on stress and temperature is determined. It has been found that none of the rupture time (tR), creep strain rate (˙ε), and net section stress (σnet), parameters has a better relationship with the creep failure strain. Hence, none of these parameters characterizes better than the other the creep ductility's behavior. Additionally, it has been observed that although the creep failure strain of 316 L(N) is independent of these parameters, it increases with temperature. In contrast, the creep failure strain of P91 is slightly sensitive to σnet but is overcompensated by the scatter and so can be assumed stress independent. The creep failure strain of P91 is seen to be also insensitive to temperature. For P92, ɛf goes from a lower to an upper shelf through a transition region. Thus the best solution to characterize the failure strain behavior is to use a polynomial solution. Creep crack growth properties obtained on cracked compact tension and C-shaped specimens are also presented. Probabilistic analysis, based on Monte Carlo simulation methods, is employed to predict scatter in the creep crack growth data from scatter in the uniaxial creep properties. In most instances, close agreement is found between the experimentally measured scatter in the cracking results and that predicted from the scatter obtained from creep ductility data.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aErgodic theory.
=650  \0$aTopological dynamics.
=650  \0$aCreep crack growth.
=650  \0$aCreep ductility.
=650  14$aUniaxial creep properties.
=650  24$aCreep ductility.
=650  24$aCreep crack growth.
=650  24$aProbabilistic methods.
=700  1\$aNikbin, KM.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWebster, GA.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13227.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13229
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13229$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13229$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQ295
=082  04$a620.1126$223
=100  1\$aWebster, GA.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aTrends in High Temperature Structural Integrity Assessment /$cGA. Webster.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (18 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b52
=520  3\$aFailure in components that may contain defects and that operate at elevated temperatures can occur by creep, fatigue, or fast fracture, or some combination of these processes. Frequently, these components include welds and repairs to welds. Codes and standards are available for assessing the structural integrity of these types of components. This paper addresses the main issues of concern in making safety assessments and reliable lifetime predictions for situations where creep processes dominate. Emphasis is placed on the creep component of cracking. Initially, models of crack initiation and growth are reviewed. The creep fracture mechanics parameter C* is used to make predictions. The influence of constraint on the mechanisms responsible for void nucleation and growth is considered and creep crack growth rate laws derived. Methods of calculating C* in components from the plastic fracture mechanics parameter J or, approximately, from stress intensity factor K and limit analysis using reference stress concepts are described. A procedure for making remaining life assessments for cracking into progressively deteriorating material is considered. Techniques for dealing with an initial transient phase, or incubation period, during which damage builds up at a crack tip are presented. An indication of the scatter to be expected in creep crack growth data, for use in sensitivity studies, is provided. The role of residual stress on the early stages of cracking and subsequent crack propagation is discussed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aIncubation period.
=650  \0$aCreep crack growth.
=650  \0$aCreep deformation.
=650  \0$aFracture mechanics.
=650  \0$aResidual stress.
=650  \0$aLifetime assessment.
=650  14$aCreep deformation.
=650  24$aFracture mechanics.
=650  24$aCreep crack growth.
=650  24$aIncubation period.
=650  24$aResidual stress.
=650  24$aLifetime assessment.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13229.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13230
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13230$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13230$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQ295
=082  04$a620.1126$223
=100  1\$aLeax, TR.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aTemperature Dependence and Variability of Fracture Toughness in the Transition Regime for A508 Grade 4N Pressure Vessel Steel /$cTR. Leax.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (20 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b20
=520  3\$aA508 Grade 4N is a high nickel (3.4%) pressure vessel steel with a relatively high yield strength (585 MPa minimum for Class 1) and a relatively low transition temperature (47 J transition temperature of −29°C or below). Published fracture toughness data on this steel are nonexistent, and so they have not been included in prior assessments of the applicability of the Master Curve approach to pressure vessel steels. The purpose of this study is to compare the temperature dependence and data scatter for this steel with the behavior predicted by the Master Curve. The available database consists of approximately 800 fracture toughness tests on 51 material heats, some of which were given a temper embrittling heat treatment. As an additional basis of comparison, test data on A508 Grades 2 and 3, 1% nickel weld metal, and several high nickel (1.3–3.8%) steels (NiCrMo and NiCrMoV) were included in the assessment. Maximum likelihood techniques were used to fit the toughness data, and Monte Carlo methods were used to assess the observed distribution of Weibull slopes (related to the extent of variability). The results of this assessment show that the Master Curve provides a good description of the shape (temperature dependence) of the toughness curve for moderate and high transition temperatures. However, for heats with low transition temperatures below the range observed in other pressure vessel steels, the shape of the toughness curve deviates from the Master Curve. The lower the transition temperature, the larger the deviation from the Master Curve. Based on the test data, a model describing the behavior of A508 Grade 4N has been developed. This model also accurately describes the toughness behavior of the other pressure vessel steels included in this study. With respect to variability, the Weibull slope of A508 Grade 4N is consistent with the value of four prescribed by the Master Curve. However, the Weibull slope for the other pressure vessel steels included in this assessment is close to 3.4. This lower value of the Weibull slope, which indicates larger variability, is likely the result of material inhomogeneity.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFracture mechanics.
=650  \0$aMaster Curve.
=650  \0$aData scatter.
=650  \0$aFracture toughness.
=650  14$aFracture toughness.
=650  24$aData scatter.
=650  24$aPressure vessel steels.
=650  24$aMaster Curve.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13230.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13231
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13231$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13231$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN690
=082  04$a669.9673$223
=100  1\$aRoy, AK.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Role of Applied Potential on Environment-Assisted Cracking of Zirconium Alloys /$cAK. Roy, U. Valliyil, E. Govindaraj.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b24
=520  3\$aZircaloy-2 and Zircaloy-4 have been tested by the slow-strain-rate technique at ambient and elevated temperatures in an acidic environment relevant to the proposed geologic repository at the Yucca Mountain site. Tests were performed with and without cathodic and anodic applied potentials. The results of stress corrosion cracking testing without applied potentials indicate that the ductility of both alloys was enhanced in terms of percent elongation, percent reduction in area, failure strain, and the time-to-failure with increasing temperature indicating improved ductility. However, the magnitude of true failure stress was gradually reduced at higher testing temperatures. The application of anodic and cathodic controlled potentials during slow-strain-rate testing enhanced the cracking susceptibility of both alloys showing more pronounced effect at anodic applied potentials. The corrosion potential for both alloys, became more active at the elevated temperature. The morphology of failure at cathodic potentials was ductile, showing dimpled microstructure. However, transgranular brittle failure was observed with both alloys at anodic controlled potentials.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPhysical metallurgy.
=650  \0$aPhase transformations (Statistical physics)
=650  \0$aCracking.
=650  \0$aApplied potential.
=650  \0$aZirconium alloys.
=650  14$aZirconium alloys.
=650  24$aCracking.
=650  24$aApplied potential.
=700  1\$aValliyil, U.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGovindaraj, E.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13231.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13232
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13232$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13232$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA660.J64
=082  04$a624.1/77$223
=100  1\$aOkuya, K.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Effect of Large Strain Cycling on the Fatigue Strength of Welded Joint /$cK. Okuya, Y. Kondo.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b8
=520  3\$aEarthquakes sometimes create damages to steel structures. The structures which have not been seriously damaged are still used after an earthquake. The fatigue strength of these structures, however, might have been decreased due to the cyclic loads during an earthquake. In order to clarify the effect of seismic loading on the fatigue strength of the welded joint of a steel structure, a high cycle fatigue test of welded joint after large straining was performed. Although a large residual tensile stress induced by plastic deformation caused little effect on the fatigue limit even in gross plasticity condition, the cyclic application of large strain substantially decreased the fatigue limit. An application of large straining for a small number of cycles initiated a short crack at the weld toe in the low cycle fatigue manner, which acted as a trigger for high cycle fatigue failure after seismic loading. The reduction of fatigue limit depended on the size of the crack. The linear elastic fracture mechanics was used to evaluate the fatigue strength of welded joint. Although the short crack was initiated by cyclic application of plastic straining and the crack was in gross plasticity, the ΔKth of the small crack determined the fatigue limit of small-cracked welded joint after seismic loading.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aJoints (Engineering)
=650  \0$aCrack closure.
=650  \0$aFatigue strength.
=650  \0$aPre-crack.
=650  \0$aCyclic large strain.
=650  \0$aFatigue limit.
=650  \0$aWelded joint.
=650  14$aWelded joint.
=650  24$aCyclic large strain.
=650  24$aFatigue strength.
=650  24$aFatigue limit.
=650  24$aPre-crack.
=650  24$aCrack closure.
=700  1\$aKondo, Y.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13232.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13235
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13235$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13235$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQ295
=082  04$a620.1126$223
=100  1\$aLucon, E.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aUse of Miniaturized Compact Tension Specimens for Fracture Toughness Measurements in the Upper Shelf Regime /$cE. Lucon, M. Scibetta, R. Chaouadi, E. van Walle.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aIn the nuclear field, the importance of direct fracture toughness measurements on reactor pressure vessel (RPV) materials has been nowadays widely recognized, as opposed to Charpy-based estimations. However, sample dimensions have to be kept small in order to optimize the use of available material (often in the form of previously broken Charpy specimens) or, in the case of new irradiations, make effective use of the limited space available inside irradiation facilities. One of the most appealing geometries for fracture toughness measurements is the miniature Compact Tension specimen, MC(T), which has the following dimensions: B = 4.15 mm, W = 8.3 mm, cross section 10 × 10 mm2. Four MC(T) specimens can be machined out of a broken half Charpy, and in the case of irradiation ten MC(T) samples occupy approximately the same volume as a full-size Charpy specimen. A comprehensive investigation is presented in this paper, aimed at assessing the applicability of MC(T) specimens to measure fracture toughness in fully ductile (upper shelf) conditions. In this study, 18 1TC(T) and 20 MC(T) specimens have been tested at different temperatures from three RPV steels and one low-alloy C-Mn steel. The results obtained clearly show that MC(T) samples exhibit lower fracture toughness properties, both in terms of initiation of ductile tearing (according to various test standards) and resistance to ductile crack propagation (J-R curve). The reduction of tearing resistance might be attributed to work hardening prevailing over loss of constraint in the uncracked ligament for a side-grooved specimen, or to the inadequacy of J-integral to represent ductile crack extension in very small specimens. Both arguments need to be verified with further investigations.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFracture mechanics.
=650  \0$aJ-R curve.
=650  \0$aWork hardening.
=650  \0$aLoss of constraint.
=650  14$aDuctile fracture toughness measurement.
=650  24$aMiniature compact tension specimen.
=650  24$aDuctile tearing initiation.
=650  24$aJ-R curve.
=650  24$aWork hardening.
=650  24$aLoss of constraint.
=700  1\$aScibetta, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aChaouadi, R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$avan Walle, E.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13235.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13236
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13236$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13236$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQ295
=082  04$a620.1126$223
=100  1\$aLink, RE.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAnalysis of Dynamic Fracture and Crack Arrest of an HSLA Steel in an SE(T) Specimen /$cRE. Link.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (26 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b24
=520  3\$aA single edge notch tension, SE(T), specimen was used to measure the dynamic fracture toughness and the crack arrest toughness of a tough HSLA steel in the ductile-brittle transition region. The SE(T) specimen was considerably smaller (W = 152 mm) than wide-plate specimens that have been typically used in other crack arrest tests. A thermal gradient was applied across the ligament of the specimen to facilitate a brittle crack initiation in the low temperature region of the specimen. The cleavage crack propagated into warmer and, consequently, tougher material which led to crack arrest. Transient, three-dimensional, finite element analyses of the tests were performed to determine the dynamic fracture and crack arrest toughness of the steel. The analyses employed both linear elastic and visco-plastic constitutive models. Dynamic strain measurements recorded during the run-arrest event were used to determine the crack tip position as a function of time during the event. This information was used as a boundary condition for the analysis. The measured strains were compared with strains predicted by the finite element analysis to validate the model. The dynamic response of the specimen, the effect of crack speed on the driving force, and the evolution of crack tip plasticity during the run-arrest event are discussed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aDynamic fracture.
=650  \0$aFracture mechanics.
=650  \0$aToughness.
=650  \0$aCrack arrest.
=650  14$aFracture mechanics.
=650  24$aCrack arrest.
=650  24$aDynamic fracture.
=650  24$aFinite element analysis.
=650  24$aToughness.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13236.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13237
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13237$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13237$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA460
=082  04$a620.16$223
=100  1\$aJain, N.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAsymptotic Stress Fields for Thermomechanically Loaded Cracks in FGMs /$cN. Jain, R. Chona, A. Shukla.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aThe problem of a stationary crack in functionally graded materials (FGM), subjected to a combination of thermal and mechanical loading is considered. An asymptotic analysis coupled with Westergaard's stress function approach is used to characterize the stress field around the crack tip. Thermal and mechanical properties (e.g., elastic modulus, coefficient of thermal expansion, and thermal conductivity) are assumed to vary exponentially. The crack is assumed to be inclined to the direction of the property gradation. The thermal loading is taken to be a uniform heat flow in a direction inclined to the crack. The principal of superposition from linear elasticity is used to solve the problem, whereby the problem is divided into a number of subproblems. The first four terms in the expansion of the stress field are derived to explicitly bring out the influence of nonhomogeneity on the structure of the stress field. It is observed that the presence of heat flow produced no additional singularity and hence the classical inverse square root singularity still prevails around the crack tip. Using these stress field contours of constant maximum shear stress are generated and the effect of thermal loading on the crack-tip stress field is discussed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMetals$xMechanical properties.
=650  \0$aCrack-tip.
=650  \0$aIsochromatics.
=650  14$aFGMs.
=650  24$aThermomechanical loading.
=650  24$aCrack-tip.
=650  24$aIsochromatics.
=700  1\$aChona, R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aShukla, A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13237.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13254
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13254$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13254$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aSB951.4
=082  04$a574.5/222$223
=100  1\$aPoovey, AG.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aUse of Herbicides to Control the Spread of Aquatic Invasive Plants /$cAG. Poovey, KD. Getsinger.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b42
=520  3\$aInvasive aquatic plants have become problematic in lakes and reservoirs across the United States. Infestations should be aggressively controlled to prevent degradation of water quality, fish and wildlife habitat, and the reduction of biodiversity. Operating under the purview of the US Army Corps of Engineers Aquatic Plant Control Research Program, the Chemical Control and Physiological Processes Team (CCPPT) develops and evaluates environmentally sound strategies for managing invasive aquatic and wetland plants using herbicides. Evaluations are conducted using a multi-tiered approach in customized controlled-environmental chambers, greenhouses, outdoor mesocosms, and pond facilities. The CCPPT employs methods consistent with the herbicide modes of action when conducting herbicide efficacy studies in small-scale experimental systems. Results from these studies are verified in aquatic and wetland field sites throughout the US. Coordination with the US Environmental Protection Agency and state regulatory agencies is undertaken to support the review and registration of new aquatic herbicides and amendments to established labels. Information and technology developed via research efforts are transferred to natural resource managers, the private sector, and the general public.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHerbicides.
=650  \0$aHerbicides$xEnvironmental aspects.
=650  \0$aAquatic macrophyte.
=650  \0$aChemical control.
=650  \0$aSelective control.
=650  \0$aMyriophyllum spicatum.
=650  14$aAquatic plant management.
=650  24$aChemical control.
=650  24$aSelective control.
=650  24$aMyriophyllum spicatum.
=650  24$aAquatic macrophyte.
=650  24$aAquatic herbicide registration.
=700  1\$aGetsinger, KD.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13254.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13256
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13256$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13256$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQL430.7.D8
=082  04$a594/.4$223
=100  1\$aShcherbina, GK.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDistribution and Ecology of Dreissena Polymorpha (Pallas) and Dreissena Bugensis (Andrusov) in the Upper Volga Basin /$cGK. Shcherbina, DR. Buckler.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b43
=520  3\$aThis paper presents data on contemporary distribution patterns of two species of Dreissenidae, the zebra mussel (Dreissena polymorpha) and the Quagga mussel (Dreissena bugensis), and their role in ecosystem processes in the Ivan'kovo, Uglich, Rybinsk, and Gorky Reservoirs of the Upper Volga River basin. The role of zebra mussel was also studied in experimental mesocosms of 15 m3. Maximum abundance and species diversity of macroinvertebrates, especially of leeches, polychaetes, crustaceans, and heterotopic insects, were attained in the portions of reservoirs where Dreissenidae were present and in experimental mesocosms where zebra mussel biomass was the highest. In the mesocosm studies, the presence of zebra mussel druses (colonies) provided shelter for macroinvertebrates, reducing their vulnerability to predation by perch (Perca fluviatilis) larvae and yearlings, thereby increasing macroinvertebrate species diversity. It was shown that in addition to its role in aquatic biocenosis (ecological community) formation and water purification, Dreissenidae are important food objects for benthophagous fishes, especially roach (Rutilus rutilus). Examination of intestines of benthophagous fishes showed that the length of Dreissenidae ranged from 5 to 20 mm in roach; from 4 to 14 mm in silver bream (Blicca bjoerkna), and from 2 to 10 mm in bream (Abramis brama). The largest mussels consumed were Quagga mussels up to 30 mm, noted in the predatory cyprinid. ide (Leuciscus idus)
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aQuagga mussel $xEnvironmental aspects.
=650  \0$aNATURE$xEcology.
=650  \0$aDreissena polymorpha.
=650  \0$aQuagga mussel.
=650  \0$aZebra mussel.
=650  \0$aBenthophagous fishes.
=650  \0$aCommunity effects.
=650  \0$aDreissena bugensis.
=650  \0$aInvasive species.
=650  \0$aMacroinvertebrates.
=650  \0$aBivalve ecology.
=650  14$aDreissena polymorpha.
=650  24$aZebra mussel.
=650  24$aDreissena bugensis.
=650  24$aQuagga mussel.
=650  24$aUpper Volga River basin.
=650  24$aMacroinvertebrates.
=650  24$aBenthophagous fishes.
=650  24$aCommunity effects.
=650  24$aInvasive species.
=650  24$aBivalve ecology.
=700  1\$aBuckler, DR.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13256.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13292
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13292$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13292$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTE270
=082  04$a639.9/7573$223
=100  1\$aAbo-Qudais, S.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aNew Chemical Antistripping Additives for Bituminous Mixtures /$cS. Abo-Qudais, M. Walid Mulqi.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aThe main objective of this study was to develop new, low cost, chemical antistripping additives that have low negative effects on Hot-Mix Asphalt (HMA) properties such as stability and low temperature cracking potential. To achieve this objective, HMA specimens were prepared using limestone aggregate, asphalt with 80/100 penetration, and different types of chemical antistripping compounds. Eighteen different low cost chemical compounds were prepared and added to the HMA at different percentages. The effect of 28 different combinations of additive types and amounts on the HMA stripping was evaluated using the modified Texas Boiling Test. The results indicated that out of the 28 evaluated combinations of additive type and amount, five combinations caused a negative or no impact on stripping resistance. On the other hand, twelve additive combinations show relatively small improvements in stripping resistance. Another 11 additive combinations showed a positive effect on stripping resistance. Five of these 11 additives showed a high positive improvement in the stripping resistance (increase in coating areas was greater than 20%). However, of these five additives, four caused a high reduction in the asphalt ductility and penetration, while the fifth one (Aluminum mono-stearate) caused a small reduction in ductility and an insignificant change in penetration. This suggests that this additive is suitable for use as an antistripping agent.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aLight pollution.
=650  \0$aPhototropism in animals.
=650  \0$aStripping.
=650  \0$aAdditives.
=650  \0$aMixtures.
=650  \0$aSurfactants.
=650  \0$aAsphalt.
=650  14$aStripping.
=650  24$aAdditives.
=650  24$aAsphalt.
=650  24$aMixtures.
=650  24$aSurfactants.
=700  1\$aWalid Mulqi, M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13292.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13305
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13305$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13305$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQP519.9.C36
=082  04$a544.9/2$223
=100  1\$aChung, HI.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aElectrokinetic Dewatering and Sedimentation of Dredged Contaminated Sediment /$cHI. Chung, M. Kamon.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b6
=520  3\$aThis research focuses on electrokinetic dewatering and settling of contaminated sediment. A series of laboratory experiments with different magnitudes of applied voltage is performed with artificially made contaminated sediment mixed with contaminant. Investigated parameters in experiments are settlements of the slurry specimen, volumes of water extracted from the slurry specimen, and the changes in fluid content of the specimen. The results show that the sedimentation rate and velocity are varied and controlled by the applied voltage. From the test results, a significant investigation is derived for the mechanisms associated with dewatering and sedimentation of contaminated sediment. A coupled effect of electrokinetic dewatering and settling processes is investigated.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCapillary electrophoresis.
=650  \0$aChromatographic analysis.
=650  \0$aElectrokinetics.
=650  \0$aElectroosmosis.
=650  \0$aElectrophoresis.
=650  \0$aSettlement.
=650  \0$aSlurry.
=650  14$aElectrokinetics.
=650  24$aElectroosmosis.
=650  24$aElectrophoresis.
=650  24$aSlurry.
=650  24$aWaste.
=650  24$aSettlement.
=700  1\$aKamon, M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13305.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13306
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13306$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13306$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQP981.F55
=082  04$a612/.015$223
=100  1\$aAsada, M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aRemediation Technology for Boron and Fluoride Contaminated Sediments Using Green Plants /$cM. Asada, P. Parkpian, S. Horiuchi.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b8
=520  3\$aPhytoremediation is the direct application of green plants and their associated micro-organism to stabilize or absorb contaminants from soils, sludge, sediments, surface water, or groundwater. Boron and fluoride were listed to the soil standards a few years ago in Japan; however, few researches have been reported about phytoremediation on the above elements. In this paper, the authors report the experimental results of accumulation and tolerance ability of green plants focusing on the fluoride and boron contamination. In the pot laboratory tests, the growth rate of Chinese cabbage was not affected by low fluoride concentration (<15 mg/L) or low boron concentration (<5 mg/L). In the hydroponics tests, fluoride content in both stems+leaves and roots increased 3–10 times higher than control. Fluoride is easy to be concentrated in the roots. Boron content in both stems+leaves and roots increased 1.2–1.5 times higher than control. Boron is easy to be concentrated in the upper portion. Especially, Phytolacca Americana, Ambrosia trifida L., and Commelina communis can accumulate boron with higher efficiency. The boron content in soil was 480–550 mg/kg, and the boron content in these grasses was 2–3 times higher than that in soil. These results show they can accumulate boron and fluoride, and phytoremediation can be adopted for relatively lower contamination.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFluorine$xPhysiological effect.
=650  \0$aFluor$xEffets physiologiques.
=650  \0$aFluoride.
=650  \0$aPhytoremediation.
=650  \0$aContaminants.
=650  14$aPhytoremediation.
=650  24$aBoron.
=650  24$aFluoride.
=650  24$aContaminants.
=650  24$aPlant.
=700  1\$aParkpian, P.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHoriuchi, S.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13306.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13307
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13307$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13307$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTD427.N87
=082  04$a363.7394$223
=100  1\$aChung, HI.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aElectrokinetically Enhanced Settlement and Remediation of Contaminated Sediment /$cHI. Chung, GC. Sills, M. Kamon.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b6
=520  3\$aElectrokinetic technique has been used in sedimentation at mining applications as a volume reduction for slurry tailing wastes. This technique has been used in remediation for environmental application as a potential in-situ remediation method for contaminated soils and wastes. Thus electrokinetic technique can be used in sedimentation and remediation of sediments. A regulated constant voltage was applied on the testing sample, directed upward, top cathode (−) and bottom anode (+) during electrokinetic sedimentation process. On the other hand, constant voltage was applied on the testing sample, directed downward, top anode (+) and bottom cathode (−) during electrokinetic remediation process. This means that the polarity reversal was employed. The time dependent settlement and concentration due to electrophoresis and electro-osmosis was measured on an hourly basis. The sedimentation rate of specimen and removal rate of contaminant in contaminated sediment were increased with increasing of applied voltages.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aNutrient pollution of water.
=650  \0$aOrganic water pollutants.
=650  \0$aElectrokinetic.
=650  \0$aRemediation.
=650  \0$aSedimentation.
=650  \0$aContaminant.
=650  \0$aSediment.
=650  14$aElectrokinetic.
=650  24$aSedimentation.
=650  24$aRemediation.
=650  24$aContaminant.
=650  24$aSediment.
=700  1\$aSills, GC.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKamon, M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13307.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13309
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13309$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13309$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA440
=082  04$a620.1/3623$223
=100  1\$aMoon, DH.,$eauthor.
=245  13$aAn Investigation of the Heaving Mechanism Related to Chromite Ore Processing Residue /$cDH. Moon, D. Dermatas, M. Chrysochoou, G. Shen.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b21
=520  3\$aSignificant heaving has been observed over time at chromite ore processing residue (COPR) deposition sites in Maryland and New Jersey. Confined swell tests were employed in order to investigate the geochemical mechanisms that lead to the manifestation of heave in COPR. Ettringite, a known heave culprit in cement and soil-related literature, was identified in numerous samples across the sites and was therefore considered as the primary heaving mechanism in COPR. In addition, other possible mechanisms, such as brownmillerite hydration to hydrogarnets, carbonation reactions, calcium aluminum chromium oxide hydrate (CAC) formation, and change of hydration state were also investigated. The confined swell tests were conducted under wet/dry cycles. Sulfate, carbonate, and chromate solutions were introduced to the samples during wet cycles in order to validate the different heaving hypotheses associated with phase transformations. The test results showed that swell development occurred only in COPR upon 0.7 mole/l sulfate addition. Furthermore, x-ray diffraction analyses confirmed the formation of ettringite in the COPR sample following the addition of sulfate. Conversely, carbonation reactions led to no height change or even to consolidation, while the formation of hydrogarnets and CACs could not be established. It was, therefore, demonstrated that ettringite formation is a thermodynamically powerful reaction and also a viable expansion and failure mechanism in COPR.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aConcrete$xDeterioration.
=650  \0$aSulfate-resistant concrete.
=650  \0$aEttringite.
=650  \0$aSulfate.
=650  \0$aHeaving.
=650  \0$aConfined swell tests.
=650  14$aCOPR.
=650  24$aEttringite.
=650  24$aHeaving.
=650  24$aConfined swell tests.
=650  24$aSulfate.
=700  1\$aDermatas, D.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aChrysochoou, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aShen, G.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13309.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13313
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13313$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13313$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aS591
=082  04$a631.4$223
=100  1\$aDermatas, D.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aChromite Ore Processing Residue (COPR) :$bHazardous Contaminated Soil or Solid Waste? /$cD. Dermatas, R. Bonaparte, M. Chrysochoou, DH. Moon.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b22
=520  3\$aChromite ore processing residue (COPR), which contains hexavalent chromium (Cr6+) at concentrations typically in the range of thousands of milligrams/kilograms, was deposited over a timeframe of 50 years as fill at a site referred to as SA7 in New Jersey. Significant surface heaving associated with COPR weathering-induced mineralogical expansion has been observed at the site over time. The current site owner is being required to remediate the site to mitigate both human health risks associated with the Cr6+ and site redevelopment problems associated with COPR heave. The owner is presently required to remediate the COPR by excavation and off-site disposal at a licensed hazardous waste landfill. This is a very expensive remediation option, one that may not be financially sustainable at other COPR impacted sites. The owner has undertaken a major investigation to better characterize the nature of COPR and to develop on-site treatment technologies to reduce Cr6+ concentrations and mitigate COPR heave potential. As one part of the investigation, the characteristics of COPR were evaluated with respect to the definitions of hazardous contaminated soil and hazardous solid waste under the toxicity characteristic waste provisions of the U.S. Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA). Remediation clean-up standards, and thus the potential costs and applicable methods associated with site remediation, under these two definitions are significantly different. This paper explains these differences and evaluates the COPR for conformance with each definition. This evaluation includes comparison of sampling, logging, and laboratory testing techniques for COPR compared to soil, geotechnical parameter comparisons, and mineralogical and total metals comparisons. Based on these comparisons, the authors conclude that COPR should classify as a hazardous contaminated soil from both regulatory and scientific perspectives. The bases for this conclusion are provided in the paper. The methodology presented herein to evaluate COPR classification may have applicability to other contaminated soil-like media from industrial processes that are potentially subject to the requirements of RCRA hazardous waste regulations or similar regulations in other countries.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSoil formation.
=650  \0$aSoil structure.
=650  \0$aHazardous waste.
=650  \0$aContaminated soil.
=650  \0$aChromium remediation.
=650  \0$aSoil classification.
=650  14$aChromium contamination.
=650  24$aChromium remediation.
=650  24$aCOPR.
=650  24$aHazardous waste.
=650  24$aContaminated soil.
=650  24$aSoil classification.
=650  24$aRCRA.
=700  1\$aBonaparte, R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aChrysochoou, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMoon, DH.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13313.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13314
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13314$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13314$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQE75
=082  04$a557.3 s$223
=100  1\$aChrysochoou, M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aInvestigation of Barium Treatment of Chromite Ore Processing Residue (COPR) 031 /$cM. Chrysochoou, D. Dermatas, DH. Moon, C. Christodoulatos, M. Wazne, C. French, J. Morris, M. Kaouris.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b22
=520  3\$aBarium addition to chromite ore processing residue (COPR) was investigated in order to address (a) the pronounced heaving phenomena that are associated with mainly the presence of ettringite and (b) hexavalent chromium leaching. Sulfate was added to representative samples of grey-black (GB) and hard-brown (HB) COPR to simulate worst-case conditions of sulfate influx and ettringite formation. Both the X-ray powder diffraction (XRPD) and the modeling results showed that ettringite is a thermodynamically favored reaction in COPR. The subsequent addition of barium lead to the formation of both barite and barium chromate, observed as solid solution between the two phases. Modeling results confirmed that barium sulfate is the more stable species that will dissolve ettringite and that barium chromate will also dissolve COPR chromate phases when sulfate is depleted. The Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) test on GB samples showed that the optimal stoichiometry to maintain Cr and Ba TCLP concentrations below the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency regulatory limit of 5 and 100 ppm, respectively, lies between 1:1 (Ba to sulfate plus chromate ratio) and 1.5:1. The respective optimal stoichiometry for the HB COPR was found to be higher, between 2:1 and 5:1. Considering that COPR is actually a Cr-contaminated cement form, a further area of research is the identification of barium-containing wastes (i.e., heavy-metal sludges, contaminated soils, etc.) that would be suitable for combination with COPR; in this way, an environmentally sustainable yet cost-effective treatment application can be realized.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMarine sediments.
=650  \0$aTrace elements$xAnalysis.
=650  \0$aChromate.
=650  \0$aEttringite.
=650  \0$aHeaving.
=650  \0$aBarium.
=650  \0$aHexavalent chromium.
=650  14$aCOPR.
=650  24$aChromate.
=650  24$aHexavalent chromium.
=650  24$aEttringite.
=650  24$aHeaving.
=650  24$aBarium.
=700  1\$aDermatas, D.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMoon, DH.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aChristodoulatos, C.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWazne, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFrench, C.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMorris, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKaouris, M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13314.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13315
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13315$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13315$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRA1242.T44
=082  04$a363.17/9$223
=100  1\$aHayashi, S.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffect of Acid Treatment Agent of Sea Laver on Geoenvironmental Properties of Tidal Flat Muds in the Ariake Sea /$cS. Hayashi, YJ. Du.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aRecently the amount of catch of some specific benthos (e.g., shells) in the Ariake Sea of Japan has reduced dramatically. Researchers are questioning if it is the acid treatment practice undertaken in the Ariake Sea tidal flats that changed the geoenvironmental properties of the tidal flat muds, and consequently caused impacts on the benthos living in the muds. However, so far, relatively few detailed studies have been done in this regard. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of acid treatment practice on the geoenvironmental properties of muds in the Ariake Sea tidal flats. The field investigation data as well as laboratory test data are presented. It is found that as a consequence of the acid treatment practice, considerable reduction of salt concentration and pH of the muds has taken place. Furthermore, the measured increased sulfide content of the muds indicate that the acid treatment practice in the tidal flats of the Ariake Sea may have produced serious consequences for some benthos inhabiting the shallow depth of the muds.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aEnvironmental Exposure.
=650  \0$aVeterans.
=650  \0$aSalt concentration.
=650  \0$aBenthos.
=650  \0$aAcid treatment.
=650  \0$aSulfide content.
=650  14$aAcid treatment.
=650  24$aBenthos.
=650  24$aMud.
=650  24$aPH.
=650  24$aSalt concentration.
=650  24$aSulfide content.
=700  1\$aDu, YJ.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13315.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13316
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13316$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13316$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQH541.5.S6
=082  04$a577.5/7$223
=100  1\$aDyer, M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aOptical Tests on the Slow Release of Biogenic Gas Bubbles in Sediment /$cM. Dyer.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aThe anaerobic decomposition of organic matter in marine or fresh water sediments can generate methane, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulphide, and hydrogen as biogenic gases. In addition, innovative technologies are being used to remediate contaminated sediments and groundwater by releasing biogenic gases from the fermentation of carbon substrates as electron donors. Both scenarios can result in large discrete gas bubbles being present in sediment, which can affect aqueous permeability and mechanical strength. Furthermore the movement of gas bubbles can affect bioavailability as electron donors. In order to investigate bubble dispersion and movement in sediments, a series of novel optical experiments were carried out to observe the release and movement of discrete bubbles in artificial coarse-grained sediment. The results showed that buoyancy-induced movement depended on the clustering together of individual bubbles to achieve a critical depth of gas pocket to overcome the capillary force acting across the pore throat between sediment grains.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aNATURE$xEcology.
=650  \0$aBiogenic gas.
=650  \0$aDiscrete bubbles.
=650  \0$aSediments.
=650  14$aBiogenic gas.
=650  24$aDiscrete bubbles.
=650  24$aBuoyancy-induced movement.
=650  24$aSediments.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13316.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13317
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13317$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13317$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aHG179
=082  04$a332.024/01$223
=100  1\$aEek, E.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDisposal of Dredged Material in a Local Confined Disposal Facility :$bBudgeting and Accounting of Contaminant Transport /$cE. Eek, A. Pettersen, A. Hauge, GD. Breedveld, A. Solberg, SU. Heines, K. Solberg, SO. Lie.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b18
=520  3\$aDisposal of contaminated dredged material in local confined disposal facilities (CDF) has the advantages of reduced costs and reduced need for transport of the dredged material compared to many other disposal alternatives. CDFs can often be combined with land reclamation which can add considerable value to a dredging project. A local CDF has been constructed for Hg and HCB contaminated dredged material on a contaminated seabed close to one of Norway's largest industrial areas, Herøya. The construction has been completed with permeable barriers allowing transport of water from dewatering of dredged material and consolidation of sediment below the CDF. However, this design will also allow some transport of contaminants with the released pore water. The efficiency of the CDF was evaluated by making a budget of estimated contaminant emission from the disposal area before, during, and after construction and filling of the CDF. Laboratory tests and an analytical model were utilized for calculation of advective and diffusive transport of contaminants both from the dredged material and from the original contaminated seabed sediment at the disposal site. Our estimation of contaminant transport predicted that the leakage of contaminants from dredged material in the disposal facility would be orders of magnitude less than what was released from the seabed sediments at the disposal site before the realization of the CDF. Monitoring of contaminant transport, after realization of the CDF, has so far shown that the actual transport is much lower than the conservative estimate presented in our budget of contaminant transport. These results show that there can be a large and positive cost benefit from disposal of dredged material in CDFs constructed with permeable barriers in already contaminated areas. Sensitivity of calculated remediation efficiency to uncertainties in the estimated transport was found to be small in the case presented here. Our results also show that budgeting and accounting of contaminant transport can be a powerful tool both for impact assessments before realization of a project in contaminated sediments and for interpretation of monitoring data during and after the realization. Budgeting of contaminant transport also helps identifying the most critical transport mechanisms during the different phases of the project.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aRetirement income$xPlanning.
=650  \0$aDredged material.
=650  14$aDredged material.
=650  24$aConfined disposal facility.
=650  24$aEnvironmental impact assessment.
=700  1\$aPettersen, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHauge, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBreedveld, GD.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSolberg, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHeines, SU.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSolberg, K.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLie, SO.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13317.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13318
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13318$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13318$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRA1231.M52
=082  04$a615.9/253$223
=100  1\$aFukue, M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aContamination of Sediments and Proposed Containment Technique in a Wood Pool in Shimizu, Japan /$cM. Fukue, Y. Sato, K. Uehara, Y. Kato, Y. Furukawa.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b15
=520  3\$aThe objective of this study is to evaluate the contamination of sediments, in order to determine a remediation method for a local bay bottom. To achieve this, 12 surface-sediment samples were obtained from a wood pool located in the inner part of Shimizu Port, Japan, and were subjected to physical and chemical analyses. The results show that the concentrations of the heavy metals measured were relatively high. The concentrations of copper and zinc in the sediment samples were higher than the probable effect levels of marine sediments provided by the Canadian Sediment Quality Guidelines. The high concentrations obtained are probably due to the high organic content resulting from humus. The separation of organic matter might be useful as a remediation technique for dredged materials. A containment technique for dredged sediments using permeable bags is therefore proposed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHeavy metals $xToxicology.
=650  \0$aEnclosed sea.
=650  \0$aDredged materials.
=650  \0$aHeavy metals.
=650  \0$aIgnition loss.
=650  \0$aSediments.
=650  14$aBackground.
=650  24$aDredged materials.
=650  24$aEnclosed sea.
=650  24$aHeavy metals.
=650  24$aIgnition loss.
=650  24$aSediments.
=700  1\$aSato, Y.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aUehara, K.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKato, Y.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFurukawa, Y.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13318.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13319
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13319$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13319$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQL391.A6
=082  04$a571.9$223
=100  1\$aFukue, M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDevelopment of Filtration System for Removal of Contaminated Suspended Solids in an Enclosed Sea Area /$cM. Fukue, T. Minato, K. Uehara, Y. Sato, T. Inoue, S. Yamasaki.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b10
=520  3\$aThe quality of seawater can be improved by removing suspended solids (SS) that may adsorb hazardous substances, such as heavy metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, bacteria, etc. In this study, two types of filtration systems are developed in order to remove SS from sea, lake, and pond water. The first filtration system is a larger system for the rapid reduction of SS, and the other can be used for a slower removal of SS. The features of the smaller system are that solar panels were used as the power source and clogging of the filter can be prevented by a reverse water flow with an automatic control. Long-term in situ experiments showed that SS were almost completely removed by filters made of granular materials. Removal capacity was dependent primarily on both the sectional area of the filter and the relationship between the permeability of filter materials and the size of the SS. With treatment, good water quality was obtained in terms of SS, chemical oxygen demand and concentrations of nutrients.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSoils$xHeavy metal content.
=650  \0$aEnclosed sea.
=650  \0$aEutrophication.
=650  \0$aFiltration.
=650  \0$aHeavy metals.
=650  \0$aSuspended solids.
=650  14$aSuspended solids.
=650  24$aFiltration.
=650  24$aEnclosed sea.
=650  24$aEutrophication.
=650  24$aHeavy metals.
=700  1\$aMinato, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aUehara, K.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSato, Y.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aInoue, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aYamasaki, S.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13319.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13321
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13321$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13321$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRA1231.M52
=082  04$a615.9/253$223
=100  1\$aGalvez-Cloutier, R.,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Combined Method :$bPrecipitation and Capping, to Attenuate Eutrophication in Canadian Lakes /$cR. Galvez-Cloutier, S. Leroueil, D. Allier, J. Locat, S. Arsenault.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b17
=520  3\$aEutrophication is a natural phenomenon, unfortunately amplified and accelerated by human activities. Phosphorus and nitrogen are the principal nutrients responsible for eutrophication. Their excess in the environment, of domestic and agricultural origins, represents an important toxicological risk for the users of water. These excessive nutrients cause algae overgrowth and excess oxygen consumption, which leads to anoxic waters, production of toxins (such as those produced by canobacteria), and the production of pollutant gases. Excess nutrients and dead biomass settles at the bottom of the lake together with other trace contaminants such as toxic metals that are trapped within bottom sediments. Seasonally, the sediments release nutrients and contaminants that need to be mitigated in order to prevent eutrophication and overall water contamination. In Quebec and in Canada several lakes suffer from this problem and solutions have been divided in preventive practices (better runoff controls, protection of shores, elimination of leaking domestic septic tanks) and rehabilitating practices (oxygenation of water, precipitation of nutrients, dredging of sediments or capping). This paper will present recent advances in the development of a combined rehabilitating technique: Precipitation of phosphorous and capping of contaminated sediments. The paper includes: a recent literature review; phosphorous precipitation experiments using alum under optimized parameters; capping design considerations and theory; as well as the results of an experimental simulation of capping using a composite liner calcite/sand.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHeavy metals $xToxicology.
=650  \0$aCapping.
=650  \0$aCoagulation.
=650  \0$aEutrophication.
=650  \0$aHeavy metals.
=650  \0$aPhosphorous.
=650  14$aEutrophication.
=650  24$aPhosphorous.
=650  24$aHeavy metals.
=650  24$aCapping.
=650  24$aCoagulation.
=700  1\$aLeroueil, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAllier, D.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLocat, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aArsenault, S.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13321.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13322
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13322$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13322$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aUG447
=082  04$a623.4/59/072073$223
=100  1\$aHata, T.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDevelopment of an In Situ Biodegradation Technology by Using Anaerobic Micro-Organisms for Sediment Contaminated with Dioxins /$cT. Hata, F. Kurisu, O. Yagi, H. Mori, R. Kuwano, H. Kohashi.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b6
=520  3\$aIn this paper, an in situ bioremediation method is proposed for dioxin contaminated sediments and its efficiency is assessed in laboratory tests including microbial analysis. The main outcomes of this research are (1) Proposal of an in situ bioremediation method using anaerobic micro-organisms monitored by molecular microbial techniques. (2) It was shown that the proposed method can reduce dioxin concentrations and can increase populations of the dehalogenating micro-organism (Dehalococcoides sp.). (3) It was further shown that the dioxin degradation processes can be monitored using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and real-time PCR. Microbial analysis using molecular techniques was useful for the monitoring and management of the sediment remediation process.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aEvaluation.
=650  \0$aBiological weapons$xResearch.
=650  \0$aBioremediation.
=650  \0$aDioxins.
=650  14$aContaminated sediments.
=650  24$aDioxins.
=650  24$aBioremediation.
=650  24$aPCR.
=650  24$aDGGE.
=700  1\$aKurisu, F.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aYagi, O.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMori, H.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKuwano, R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKohashi, H.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13322.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13323
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13323$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13323$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA710.A1
=082  04$a624.151$223
=100  1\$aHolme, JK.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMaterial Behavior of Dredged Contaminated Sediments from Simple Laboratory and Oedometer Tests /$cJK. Holme, L. Dokter, E. Eek, TG. Jensen, T. Loken, GD. Breedveld.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b6
=520  3\$aContaminated sediments, near urbanized areas, usually have a high content of organic matter and therefore a high water content and low shear strength. During dredging, additional water is mixed with the sediment, increasing the water content even further. The resulting dredged material that has to be disposed will be very soft with a very low shear strength. As a result, capping of a disposal site with clean sediments will be a challenge and put restrictions on the thickness of the cap and the used placement technique. Simple laboratory tests have been conducted to evaluate the transition of newly dredged material from being a fluid to behaving like a continuum. The performed tests show that it is possible to put a sand layer on top of dredged material after a short initial consolidation phase. This indicates that dredged material at this stage is by definition a continuum. Results from special oedometer tests revealed that the time needed for primary consolidation for contaminated clay from the Bjørvika area in Oslo (Norway), was approximately 30 h. The undrained shear strength of dredged material after consolidation under the influence of a thin sand layer is difficult to measure using traditional methods. A simple laboratory test with a transparent cylinder and a tilting table was conducted to force a failure mechanism. From these results, the undrained shear strength can be back calculated. For Bjørvika clay, test results, using a 2–3 cm sand cap, indicated a shear strength of approximately 0.10–0.15 kPa after three days of consolidation. Thin sand layers will increase the shear strength of the dredged material and act as draining layers of excess pore pressure during disposal site operation. This will improve the stability of the final cap after site closure.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aShear strength of soils$xTesting$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aShear strength of soils$xTesting.
=650  \0$aCapping.
=650  \0$aShear strength.
=650  \0$aDredged material.
=650  \0$aConsolidation.
=650  \0$aLaboratory tests.
=650  14$aDredged material.
=650  24$aShear strength.
=650  24$aConsolidation.
=650  24$aCapping.
=650  24$aLaboratory tests.
=700  1\$aDokter, L.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aEek, E.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aJensen, TG.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLoken, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBreedveld, GD.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13323.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13324
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13324$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13324$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA439
=082  04$a620.136$223
=100  1\$aHussainuzzaman, MM.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEfficiency of Arsenic Removal Unit Working in Bangladesh and Cement Stabilization of Its Sludge /$cMM. Hussainuzzaman, H. Yokota.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b24
=520  3\$aTo supply safe water to the arsenic affected community, an arsenic removal unit, gravel sand filter (GSF), was developed by modifying the pond sand filter (PSF) so that it can be used to overcome the dry season low flow problem of it. Performance data of that arsenic removal unit shows that it can be the most suitable option to solve that problem of the PSF. GSF uses the naturally occurring iron to remove arsenic by coprecipitation. In this process it produces arsenic rich iron sludge. Disposal of this sludge to the nature may pose a risk of secondary contamination to the stratum. Leaching tests of the arsenic rich iron sludge and the solidified sludge with cement indicates that arsenic leaching ratio of sludge ranges between 3 and 13 % and that of cement stabilized sludge is between 1 and 6 %. This means that the arsenic has a strong bond with the iron sludge and its treatment may not be difficult.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCement $xCongresses.
=650  \0$aArsenic.
=650  \0$aSludge.
=650  \0$aLeaching.
=650  \0$aCement stabilization.
=650  14$aArsenic.
=650  24$aCement stabilization.
=650  24$aLeaching.
=650  24$aSludge.
=700  1\$aYokota, H.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13324.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13325
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13325$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13325$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQE471
=082  04$a553.68$223
=100  1\$aImai, G.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aConsolidation Yield Stress of Osaka-Bay Pleistocene Clay with Reference to Calcium Carbonate Contents /$cG. Imai, Y. Komatsu, M. Fukue.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b14
=520  3\$aSea bottom has been used as landfill sites to dispose various types of waste and dredged materials. Therefore, the geotechnical properties of seabed are of great importance for the design and practice of reclamation projects. Marine clay layers are known to be geologically normally consolidated. Those clays, however, show pseudo-overconsolidation behavior with a consolidation yield stress pc larger than the in situ overburden pressure p0. As consolidation behavior of those clays under a load around pc is not normal but very complex, the prediction of possible settlement under loading is presently quite difficult. In this study, the Osaka-Bay Pleistocene clays were sampled and subjected to physical and mechanical tests. Based on previous studies, it is assumed in this paper that the disagreement between p0 and pc results from the cementation of marine soils, and that their cementation is mainly due to calcium carbonate. If the assumption made is valid, pc value of a clay sample of which calcium carbonates had been chemically dissolved must be equal to p0 value. In order to verify this assumption, experimental studies has been done. Carbonic-acid water of enough volume to dissolve the calcium carbonates in a clay sample was percolated without breaking fabric structure of the clay skeleton, and pc value of the sample was determined by the constant strain rate of consolidation test. The results showed a definite decrease of the pc value. Consequently, the pseudooverconsolidation ratio of the specimens decreased with the removal of calcium carbonates.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSedimentation and deposition.
=650  \0$aLimestone.
=650  \0$aReclamation.
=650  \0$aCalcium carbonates.
=650  14$aReclamation.
=650  24$aCalcium carbonates.
=650  24$aOsaka-Bay Pleistocene clay.
=650  24$aConsolidation yield stress.
=700  1\$aKomatsu, Y.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFukue, M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13325.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13326
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13326$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13326$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRA1231.M52
=082  04$a615.9/253$223
=100  1\$aKamon, M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aBiochemical Effects on the Long-Term Mobility of Heavy Metals in Marine Clay at Coastal Landfill Sites /$cM. Kamon, H. Zhang, T. Katsumi, T. Inui.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aIn coastal landfill facilities that are constructed to contain municipal and industrial wastes in Japan, natural marine clay layers serve as bottom liners to prevent pollutant migration. Leachates from landfills are rich in dissolved organic carbon (DOC) that can be used by micro-organisms. Biological processes could lead to redox reactions that change the pH and Eh. These biochemical factors may strongly influence the behavior of pollutants leached from landfills, particularly heavy metals. In this paper, modified batch tests were conducted to investigate the effects of pH and Eh and to simulate both chemical and biochemical reactions on zinc mobility in a marine clay layer. To examine the effects of pH and Eh, the pH and Eh were controlled by adding acid or base, respectively, and a reducing agent. To study the zinc mobility, biochemical reactions were enhanced by cultivating native micro-organisms, which gradually changed the pH and Eh conditions. Batch tests with different DOC concentrations were also conducted to evaluate the effect of DOC on zinc mobility. In addition, biochemical processes in the bottom clay liners at coastal landfill sites that receive municipal solid waste (MSW) incinerator ash were simulated by batch tests using a solution of MSW incinerator ash mixed with seawater along with cultivating native micro-organisms found in marine clay. The experimental results indicated that microbial activities in closed soil-water systems result in strongly reduced conditions compared to that controlled by a strong reducing agent, and that the zinc mobility is lowered through the formation of sulfides. Although microbial activity was initially limited under highly alkaline conditions due to MSW incinerator ash, the pH gradually decreased mainly due to the formation of organic acids from microbial activity. Under the oxidized conditions, the solubility of zinc was controlled by pH and the Eh had a negligible effect on the zinc concentration. DOC in the leachate served as a bioavailable carbon source for microbial activities, which promoted anaerobic conditions in the soil-water system and the immobilization of zinc. However, DOC also formed soluble complexes with heavy metals, which increased the zinc concentration. These observations confirmed that heavy metals in the leachates became immobilized under the conditions found at landfill bottom liners when estimated in terms of pH, Eh, and DOC.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHeavy metals $xToxicology.
=650  \0$aLandfill.
=650  \0$aRedox reaction.
=650  \0$aHeavy metals.
=650  14$aHeavy metals.
=650  24$aClay.
=650  24$aPH.
=650  24$aDissolved organic carbon.
=650  24$aRedox reaction.
=650  24$aLandfill.
=700  1\$aZhang, H.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKatsumi, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aInui, T.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13326.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13327
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13327$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13327$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA455.P5
=082  04$a620.1/92392$223
=100  1\$aMunehide, I.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPermeability Characteristics of Lake Kojima Sediment and Their Improvement /$cI. Munehide, I. Ryouichi, H. Akiko, I. Tomoyuki, A. Takeo.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b8
=520  3\$aAs lake sediments are one of the causes of eutrophication, their removal and effective use has been considered. When they are used as soil in a land, proper permeability is required. However, soil permeability has not completely been understood due to diversity of clays and organic compounds. We clarified permeability characteristics of Lake Kojima sediment, nonswelling clayey soil, by measuring saturated hydraulic conductivity (K). A decrease in K during percolation of dilute electrolyte solution was small when Ca was adsorbed by the soil; K became 3.4×10−5 cm/s at pH 5, 2.9×10−5 cm/s at pH 7, 7.5×10−6 cm/s at pH 9, and 2.3×10−5 cm/s at pH 11 after pure water percolation. Although the permeability tended to decrease as pH increased, K at pH 11 became larger than that at pH 9 due to chemical reaction between soil particles and Ca. On the other hand, when Na was adsorbed, K drastically decreased with pH increase; K became 7.1×10−6 cm/s at pH 5, 3.1×10−6 cm/s at pH 7, 1.7×10−7 cm/s at pH 9, and 1.3×10−7 cm/s at pH 11 after pure water percolation. The obtained results could be explained qualitatively by the theory. Next, an improvement method of permeability of Lake Kojima sediment with hydrated lime and gypsum were investigated. Three application methods were compared in the saturated hydraulic conductivity experiment; mixing, surface distribution and solution infiltration. Hydrated lime application with mixing maintained high hydraulic conductivity. The soil structure was supposed to be stabilized by chemical reaction between soil and heterogeneously distributed hydrated lime. On the other hand, gypsum application with solution infiltration maintained the same hydraulic conductivity as that of hydrated lime application with mixing. In that case, electrostatic adsorption of Ca was considered to generate flocculation and kept high permeability.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPlastics$xPermeability.
=650  \0$aElastomers$xPermeability.
=650  \0$aSediment.
=650  14$aSediment.
=650  24$aPH.
=650  24$aSaturated hydraulic conductivity.
=650  24$aCa.
=650  24$aNa.
=700  1\$aRyouichi, I.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAkiko, H.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTomoyuki, I.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTakeo, A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13327.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13328
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13328$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13328$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRM295
=082  04$a618.1/75061$223
=100  1\$aIwasaki, S.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCurrent Status of Estrogenlike Compounds in Sediments in Enclosed Sea Areas /$cS. Iwasaki, M. Sakka, T. Kimura, K. Sakka, T. Matsuda, S. Matsui.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aThe concentrations of estrogenlike compounds in sediment were surveyed in Ise Bay and Ago Bay, which are typical of enclosed sea areas. Fourteen sediment samples were collected from the deepest part at the entrances to these bays. The examination of estrogenlike compounds was performed by a yeast screen assay developed by Professor J. P. Sumpter. The highest concentrations of estrogenlike compounds of sediment were found in the deepest part of Ise Bay (6.54 μg kg-1), and quantified as 17β-estradiol (E2) active equivalent. The concentration gradually decreased approaching the entrance of the bay from the deepest part of the bay. It was suggested that this decrease could be the result of biodegradation. The sediment assay samples were fractionated by high performance liquid chromatography and assayed to determine the chemical species of estrogenlike compounds. The detected estrogenlike compounds corresponded with E1 and E2, and were found in all of the samples. They are typical natural female hormones, and their origin is presumably domestic sewage and other wastewater containing feces and urine.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHEALTH & FITNESS$xWomen's Health.
=650  \0$aEstrogen $xTherapeutic use.
=650  \0$aEnclosed sea areas.
=650  14$aEstrogenlike compounds.
=650  24$aEnclosed sea areas.
=650  24$a17β-estradiol (E2)
=650  24$aEstrone (E1)
=650  24$aTotal organic carbon (TOC)
=700  1\$aSakka, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKimura, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSakka, K.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMatsuda, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMatsui, S.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13328.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13330
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13330$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13330$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRA1231.M52
=082  04$a615.9/253$223
=100  1\$aKim, Y.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMonitoring Heavy Metal Transport in Aquifer Based on Electrical Property Measurements /$cY. Kim, M. Oh, S. Bang, J. Park.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b6
=520  3\$aMonitoring the movement of subsurface contamination using the electrical properties of soils has the economical merits of providing continuous and automated soil profiles. However, identification on the sensitivity of this property in reflecting both the presence and concentration of different contaminant types has been validated for soils under static conditions. For application, electrical properties of soils must be verified under an active state where contaminant migration by means of groundwater migration is considered. The objective of this study is to provide the groundwork required in applying the electrical properties of soil as a means of monitoring contaminant migration by performing column tests. Two parameters representing the electrical property of materials are examined in this study; the electrical resistivity and the dielectric constant. Measurements for these parameters are performed at a low frequency range where the spatial polarization takes place and increases the sensitivity of the electrical property against the presence of the contaminant. In order to detect the contaminant movement in the subsurface level, electrical measurements were performed during column tests for saturated sand and weathered granite soil. In addition, three different contaminants (aluminum, lead, and cadmium) were selected to groundwater contaminated by heavy metals. As a result, the relationships between the contaminant migration against the electrical resistivity, real, and imaginary parts of the dielectric constant were derived for different time intervals during the column tests.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHeavy metals $xToxicology.
=650  \0$aDielectric constant.
=650  14$aElectrical resistivity.
=650  24$aDielectric constant.
=650  24$aSubsurface contamination.
=700  1\$aOh, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBang, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPark, J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13330.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13331
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13331$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13331$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aGC96.5
=082  04$a551.46/09$223
=100  1\$aKimura, M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDevelopment of an Acoustical Method for Measuring the Transition Layer of Surficial Marine Sediments /$cM. Kimura, K. Ishida.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b17
=520  3\$aA new acoustical method for measuring the physical properties for the transition layer of surficial marine sediments is proposed. In the proposed method, the frequency characteristics of the reflection coefficients for the acoustical normal incidence are utilized. The frequency characteristics of the reflection coefficients are influenced by the depth dependence of the porosity and the density. First, the relationships between the frequency characteristics of the reflection coefficients and the porosity variation with the depth are theoretically shown using Ocean Acoustics and Seismic Exploration Synthesis (OASES) (Biot-Stoll model). Then, the frequency characteristics of the reflection coefficients are measured in water tank and in situ. The measured results are compared with the calculated results using OASES (Biot-Stoll model). Finally, the usefulness of this method is demonstrated.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCoasts.
=650  \0$aEstuarine oceanography.
=650  \0$aAcoustical method.
=650  \0$aReflection.
=650  \0$aTransition layer.
=650  \0$aMarine sediment.
=650  \0$aPorosity.
=650  14$aMarine sediment.
=650  24$aTransition layer.
=650  24$aAcoustical method.
=650  24$aReflection.
=650  24$aPorosity.
=700  1\$aIshida, K.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13331.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13332
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13332$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13332$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQE75
=082  04$a628./68$223
=100  1\$aLi, LY.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Temporal and Spatial Dynamics of Trace Metals in Sediments of a Highly Urbanized Watershed /$cLY. Li, G. Mattu, D. McCallum, K. Hall, M. Chen.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b28
=520  3\$aThe Brunette watershed (7200 ha) is located in the urbanized metropolitan area of Greater Vancouver, Canada. It is an area of high traffic density and extensive impervious surfaces (paved roads and roof tops). This watershed provides an excellent area for the study of the spatial and temporal trace metal contamination in sediments. Street surface, stream, and lake sediments were collected over a 25-year period and analyzed for total and acid-extractable trace metals (Cu, Fe, Mn, Pb, and Zn). Lead concentrations in all areas have decreased dramatically, directly as a result of the discontinuation of lead addition to fuels in the 1970s. The mean concentration of total lead in stream sediments has decreased from 230 in 1973 to 134 and 36–66 mg/kg in 1993 and 1997–1998, respectively. Manganese, especially the acid extractable fraction, increased during the early 1990s when MMT replaced tetraethyl lead as an antiknock compound. The 0.5 M HCl extractable manganese in stream sediments has increased from 18 in 1973 to 545 in 1993 and 162–273 mg/kg in 1997–1998. Burnaby Lake, a shallow (Zav = 1.0 m, 140 ha) lake, has acted as a sink for trace metal contaminated sediments. Highest trace metal levels are found in surface sediments at the east end of the lake (where Cu, Pb, and Zn were 159, 179, and 529 mg/kg) containing more silt (24%) and higher organic matter (32.5%). The sandy delta of Still Creek (silt<4%, organic matter 5.6%), which contributes over 50% of the flow to the lake, has lower trace metal levels (Cu, Pb, and Zn were 72, 77, and 207 mg/kg) even though the creek is the predominant source of trace metals transported to the lake.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aGroundwater$xQuality.
=650  \0$aWater quality.
=650  \0$aTraffic.
=650  \0$aLand use.
=650  \0$aTrace metals.
=650  \0$aSediment.
=650  14$aWatershed.
=650  24$aSediment.
=650  24$aTrace metals.
=650  24$aTraffic.
=650  24$aLand use.
=700  1\$aMattu, G.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMcCallum, D.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHall, K.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aChen, M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13332.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13334
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13334$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13334$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQE471.15.S25
=082  04$a553.6/22$223
=100  1\$aManhart, CS.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aModeling TPH Desorption in Unconsolidated Dune Sand during Remediation Using Dual-Equilibrium Desorption (DED) Model /$cCS. Manhart, RC. Chaney.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b5
=520  3\$aThe verification of the cleanup of dune sands from a dissolved phase petroleum hydrocarbon plume at an active service station site undergoing ozone treatment is being accomplished through soil and groundwater sampling. We hope to use modeling by the dual-equilibrium desorption (DED) model in order to determine when remedial goals negotiated with the regulatory agencies have been met. The site is located in the harbor area of Crescent City, California in an area underlain by dune sands of marine origin. During remediation of sorbed-phase gasoline and diesel range organics (GROs and DROs) and dissolved-phase methyl tertiary butyl ether, target compounds, intrinsic indicators, by-products, and bacterial composition were monitored in the area groundwater and soil. At present, this monitoring has been employed to establish the degree of cleanup of the sands. In this paper the use of the DED model to verify the degree of cleanup of the sands is presented. Results indicate rapid degradation of the target compounds from the dissolved phase with gradual degradation from the sorbed phase. Degradation of the sorbed phase GROs and DROs was indicated by periodic spikes in dissolved-phase concentrations, which are interpreted as representing desorption events. Co-located soil and groundwater samples were collected at intervals of approximately six to nine months. Results from this verification sampling were modeled using the DED. We hope to find a tool that an investigator at a typical underground storage tank site can use to gauge the success of remediation systems. So far, the DED appears to correlate with samples collected using standard field techniques. The use of this methodology has application in establishing the degree of cleanup of contaminated sandy dredge sediments.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSandstone.
=650  \0$aSilicon Dioxide.
=650  \0$aDual-equilibrium.
=650  \0$aDesorption.
=650  \0$aRemediation.
=650  \0$aDredge sediments.
=650  14$aDual-equilibrium.
=650  24$aDesorption.
=650  24$aSands.
=650  24$aDredge sediments.
=650  24$aPetroleum hydrocarbons.
=650  24$aOzone.
=650  24$aRemediation.
=650  24$aModel.
=700  1\$aChaney, RC.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13334.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13336
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13336$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13336$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP248.65.C58
=082  04$a572/.475$223
=100  1\$aMizoguchi, M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCadmium Transport in Volcanic Ash Soil During Citric Acid Solution Flow /$cM. Mizoguchi, Y. Abe, N. Yamaguchi, T. Miyazaki.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b4
=520  3\$aCadmium contamination of soil is one of the most serious environmental problems in Japan. As basic research toward the development of a decontamination method to remove cadmium from soil, cadmium transport has been measured in a volcanic ash soil during citric acid solution flow. After a soil column that was polluted artifically by cadmium nitrate was saturated with distilled water, citrate solution was passed through the soil column. Leachate from the soil column was collected for the measurement of cadmium concentration. At the end of the flow experiment, the soil column was sliced into 2-cm-thick pieces and the residual cadmium in soil was analyzed. As a result, it was found that the higher the concentration of citrate, the faster the cadmium discharged from the soil. This result can be explained in terms of the downward movement of the soluble complex of citrate with cadmium in the soil.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCitric acid $xBiotechnology.
=650  \0$aCitric acid $xSynthesis.
=650  \0$aCitric acid.
=650  \0$aVolcanic ash soil.
=650  \0$aDecontamination.
=650  \0$aCadmium transport.
=650  \0$aSoluble complex.
=650  14$aCadmium transport.
=650  24$aCitric acid.
=650  24$aDecontamination.
=650  24$aSoluble complex.
=650  24$aVolcanic ash soil.
=700  1\$aAbe, Y.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aYamaguchi, N.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMiyazaki, T.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13336.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13337
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13337$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13337$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRA1231.M52
=082  04$a615.9/253$223
=100  1\$aDahrazma, B.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEvaluation of the Removal of Heavy Metals from Contaminated Sediment in Continuous Flow Tests with Selective Sequential Extraction /$cB. Dahrazma, CN. Mulligan.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b32
=520  3\$aSolutions to heavy metal-contaminated sediment require the understanding of the availability of heavy metals, interaction of the contaminants with soil and sediment particles, and metal retention mechanisms, which are complicated phenomena. The objective of this investigation was to study the removal of heavy metals (copper, zinc, and nickel) from the sediments by employing a biosurfactant rhamnolipid in continuous flow tests. Continuous flow of the biosurfactant in a column was applied to evaluate the feasibility of this type of setup since the configuration simulates the process of soil flushing. In the case of heavy metals, the flowing washing agent is believed to reduce the possibility of readsorption of the metals on to the soil and sediment. In addition, since the distribution of heavy meals between soil and solute is the key to evaluating the environmental impact of the metals, to determining the mobility of metals and to recommending reliable removal techniques, selective sequential extraction tests were used to determine the portion of sediment from which the metal was removed. This method is based on extracting metals with solutions of increasing strengths from different fractions of soils or sediments. Exchangeable, carbonate, reducible oxide, and organic fractions responded to washing techniques while residually bound contaminants are not economical or feasible to remove. This information is vital in proposing the most appropriate conditions for sediment washing.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHeavy metals $xToxicology.
=650  \0$aRhamnolipid.
=650  \0$aContinuous flow tests.
=650  \0$aHeavy metals.
=650  14$aContaminated sediments.
=650  24$aRhamnolipid.
=650  24$aContinuous flow tests.
=650  24$aSelective sequential extraction.
=650  24$aHeavy metals.
=700  1\$aMulligan, CN.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13337.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13338
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13338$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13338$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aS599.A1
=082  04$a333.76/0973$223
=100  1\$aMulligan, CN.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aOverview of Natural Attenuation of Sediments /$cCN. Mulligan, RN. Yong.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b49
=520  3\$aNatural attenuation involves the use of the natural processes with the soil and groundwater to remediate contamination by physical, chemical, and biological processes to reduce the risk to human health and the environment. Although the use of natural attenuation as a treatment process is increasing for remediation of contaminated groundwater, much less research has focused on contaminated soils and sediments. Industrial effluents, agricultural runoff, and sewage discharges are major sources of contaminants for the sediments. In addition, benthic organisms can transport contaminants through bioturbation and there is considerable variability at sites. Organic materials, a particularly important component of the sediments, can sequester the contaminants. Sediment-water partitioning controls the release of the contaminants into pore water and benthic organisms. Fate and transport mechanisms for both organic and inorganic contaminants within the sediments need to be understood to establish protocols for the monitoring and use of natural attenuation.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAgricultural ecology.
=650  \0$aSediment control.
=650  \0$aNatural attenuation.
=650  \0$aMechanisms.
=650  \0$aProtocols.
=650  \0$aSediments.
=650  \0$aContaminant transport.
=650  14$aNatural attenuation.
=650  24$aSediments.
=650  24$aContaminant transport.
=650  24$aProtocols.
=650  24$aMechanisms.
=700  1\$aYong, RN.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13338.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13340
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13340$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13340$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRK652.7
=082  04$a617.7$223
=100  1\$aNishimura, T.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffect of Dispersivity of Filling Material on Performance of Contaminant Barrier /$cT. Nishimura, H. Shirato, M. Hayashi, M. Kato.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aThe performance of pollution barriers is discussed using solute soil dispersion parameters. Masa sandy loam and Toyoura sand, with dispersivities of 0.21 and 0.17 cm at saturation, respectively, were used as barrier material. 2.5 wt.% of the synthetic P-type zeolite was mixed with the soil to control the adsorption capacity of the barrier without changing soil structure. Soils were packed into an acrylic plastic column to form model barriers with different thicknesses. Adsorption capacity of the columns was between 6.1 and 7.5 mmolc per column. 42 mg·dm−3 Cd as nitrate solution was applied to the column under water saturated conditions, and effluent was collected at the bottom of the column. A relatively thin barrier, i.e., five times greater than the dispersivity, resulted in the detection of Cd with only 0.075 mmolc load of Cd, while a thicker barrier, 30 times greater than dispersivity, showed no leak of Cd with a 0.9 mmolc load of Cd added to the column.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAluminum Compounds.
=650  \0$aCalcium Compounds.
=650  \0$aSynthetic zeolite.
=650  \0$aPollution barrier.
=650  \0$aDispersivity.
=650  14$aDispersivity.
=650  24$aDispersion coefficient.
=650  24$aSynthetic zeolite.
=650  24$aPollution barrier.
=700  1\$aShirato, H.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHayashi, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKato, M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13340.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13341
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13341$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13341$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRA1231.M52
=082  04$a615.9/253$223
=100  1\$aOhtsubo, M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffects of Salt on the Sorption of Lead by Marine Clay in Column Tests /$cM. Ohtsubo, T. Morishita, L. Li, T. Higashi, S. Yamaoka.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b26
=520  3\$aIn recent years incinerated municipal solid waste has been disposed of in landfill sites near the coastal area in Japan where the underlying marine clay deposits are expected to serve as a natural clay barrier. In this study, marine clay from Japan is examined for the effects of salt on sorption of lead using column leaching tests with deionized water, sea water, and bottom ash leachate spiked with 100 mg/L lead as permeants, and then selective sequential extraction (SSE) was employed to assess the retention mechanism of lead onto marine clay. Lead concentration in the effluent was less than 5 MG/L throughout the column leaching tests with the deionized water, whereas it exceeded Pb concentration in influent below one pore volume leaching for the sea water. Lead in pore water accumulated in the top layer of the column soil for the deionized water whereas it was distributed throughout the depth for the sea water and ash leachate. The SSE indicated that carbonate, exchangeable, and hydroxides phases are predominant for Pb retention.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHeavy metals $xToxicology.
=650  \0$aLead.
=650  \0$aHeavy metal.
=650  \0$aSorption.
=650  \0$aClay barrier.
=650  \0$aSalt.
=650  \0$aMarine clay.
=650  14$aHeavy metal.
=650  24$aLead.
=650  24$aClay barrier.
=650  24$aSorption.
=650  24$aMarine clay.
=650  24$aSalt.
=700  1\$aMorishita, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLi, L.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHigashi, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aYamaoka, S.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13341.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13342
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13342$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13342$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTD145
=082  04$a628$223
=100  1\$aOlsta, JT.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aReactive Material Options for In Situ Capping /$cJT. Olsta, CJ. Hornaday, JW. Darlington.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aEnvironmental dredging creates challenges in finding areas to construct confined disposal facilities and typically results in residual contamination. In situ capping (either in place of dredging or for capping residual contaminants) can be limited by concerns regarding navigation, uniform cap placement, biointrusion and geotechnical stability. A potential solution for many in situ capping concerns is the use of a reactive material cap. A reactive material cap could greatly reduce the thickness required for the cap compared to conventional sand caps. Various reactive materials (e.g., activated carbon, apatite, organoclay, zeolite, zero-valent iron) are used for removal of organics and metals in wastewater and groundwater treatment and may be applicable to in-situ capping. There are several ways that could be used for in-situ capping with reactive materials. A layer of reactive material could be placed in bulk using a clamshell or pumped through a tremie pipe. Another option is a reactive material filled geotextile mat. A reactive material mat would have several advantages over loose placement of reactive materials, including: (1) uniform and verifiable mass per area placement of reactive or adsorptive material; (2) ability to mix reactive or adsorptive materials in defined proportions; (3) geotextiles provide separation of the reactive material from the contaminated sediment and cover material; (4) geotextiles provide a barrier to biointrusion; (5) multiaxial strength of the geotextiles provides resistance to uplift and differential settlement; and (6) geosynthetic reinforcement provides stability on sloped areas. In the United States, a carbon-based geotextile mat was constructed and successfully deployed. A barge with a crane was used to deploy the material off shore. Other deployment methods have also been used for installing geosynthetics in waterways from shoreline and would be applicable to a reactive material mat.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aGreen technology.
=650  \0$aHazardous waste treatment facilities.
=650  \0$aReactive.
=650  \0$aCapping.
=650  \0$aAdsorption.
=650  \0$aSequestration.
=650  14$aCapping.
=650  24$aReactive.
=650  24$aAdsorption.
=650  24$aSequestration.
=700  1\$aHornaday, CJ.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDarlington, JW.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13342.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13344
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13344$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13344$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRA1231.M52
=082  04$a615.9/253$223
=100  1\$aReddy, KR.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aElectrokinetic Remediation of Contaminated Dredged Sediment /$cKR. Reddy, PR. Ala.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aThis paper investigates the feasibility of electrokinetic remediation of contaminated sediment at Indiana Harbor, Indiana. The sediment is a fine-grained material with high moisture content of 78 % and high organic content of 19 % and it is contaminated with a wide range of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and heavy metals. Four bench-scale electrokinetic experiments were conducted at 2.0 VDC/cm of constant voltage gradient using two surfactants (5 % Igepal CA-720 and 3 % Tween 80), a cosolvent (20 % n-butylamine), and a cyclodextrin (10 % HP-β-CD) as flushing solutions for the solubilization/desorption of PAHs. The mobility and removal of heavy metals was also investigated while flushing these solutions. The experimental results show that 20 % n-butylamine and 5 % Igepal 720 systems are effective for the partial solubilization of the PAHs in the sediments; however, both 3 % Tween 80 and 10 % HP-β-CD systems are found to be ineffective for desorption/solubilization of PAHs in the sediment. None of the selected flushing agents is found to be effective for the removal of heavy metals from the contaminated sediment. The low removal of PAHs and heavy metals is attributed to the high organic content and high acid buffering capacity of the sediment.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHeavy metals $xToxicology.
=650  \0$aRemediation.
=650  \0$aElectrokinetics.
=650  \0$aHeavy metals.
=650  \0$aSediments.
=650  14$aElectrokinetics.
=650  24$aSediments.
=650  24$aPAHs.
=650  24$aHeavy metals.
=650  24$aRemediation.
=700  1\$aAla, PR.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13344.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13346
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13346$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13346$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aHD62.15
=082  04$a658.5/62$223
=100  1\$aSato, Y.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSeawater Quality, Suspended Solids, and Settling Particles in the Wood Pool Area of Shimizu Port, Japan /$cY. Sato, M. Fukue, K. Yasuda, K. Kita, S. Sawamoto, Y. Miyata.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b32
=520  3\$aThe transport and contamination of suspended solids in a wood pool were quantitatively studied as a case study for the environmental assessment of an enclosed sea area. To assess the present contamination of Shimizu Port (Japan), seawater, suspended solids, and settling particles were collected from three rivers, the wood pool, and Shimizu Port. Physical and chemical properties of the samples were analyzed. In addition, tidal currents were observed to investigate the transport process of chemical substances by suspended solids. The results showed that the amount of lithogenic particles discharged into Shimizu Port was approximately 12 000 kg/day. Suspended solids discharged from rivers and the biological particles produced in the port caused a reduction in seawater transparency and an increase in chemical oxygen demand. Trace metals, such as Mn, Co, and Pb, were highly concentrated in suspended solids. Tributyltin adsorbed onto settling particles was approximately 300 µg/kg. Concentration factors for Mn, Fe, Cd, and Pb from water and settling particles are comparable to those of plankton. Hydroxides were found in suspended solids from the wood pool, which locates in the inner part of Shimizu Port. The results showed that these suspended particles could accumulate metals from seawater as effectively as biogenic particles. After particle deposition, trace metals are regenerated into seawater under anaerobic conditions. This process plays an important role in the accumulation of chemicals in seawater and sediments, especially in enclosed sea areas.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aTotal quality management.
=650  \0$aSuspended solids.
=650  \0$aTrace metals.
=650  \0$aSeawater quality.
=650  \0$aSediment quality.
=650  14$aSeawater quality.
=650  24$aSuspended solids.
=650  24$aSediment quality.
=650  24$aTrace metals.
=650  24$aTBT.
=700  1\$aFukue, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aYasuda, K.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKita, K.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSawamoto, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMiyata, Y.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13346.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13348
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13348$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13348$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA455.C55
=082  04$a620.191$223
=100  1\$aShogaki, T.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffect of Specimen Size on Consolidation Parameters of Marine Clay Deposits /$cT. Shogaki.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aThe effect of specimen size on consolidation parameters of undisturbed marine clay deposits and their remolded samples are examined through the standard incremental loading oedometer test I.A.W. JIS A 1217. There are two sizes of specimens, a d60 specimen (60 mm d and 20 mmh) and a d30 specimen (30 mmd and 10 mmh). The relationships between void ratio and consolidation load were unrelated to specimen size in the loading and unloading process. The coefficients of consolidation (cv) obtained from the d30 specimen were smaller than those of the d60 specimen in the over-consolidated stage. This was caused by larger t90 values (the required time for 90% consolidation) of the d30 specimen than those of the d60 specimen. The t90 ratio was about 1.3 in this stage. In the normally consolidated stage, the cv, coefficient of volume compressibility (mv), and permeability (k) were unrelated to specimen size. The consolidation parameters obtained from the d30 specimen were almost the same as those of the d60 specimen in the normally consolidated stage. The d30 specimen, retrieved from the 45 mm, small tube sampler or a 75-mm sampler, is more effective for sample testing purposes.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aClay $xHistory.
=650  \0$aClay deposits.
=650  \0$aOedometer test.
=650  \0$aSize effect.
=650  14$aSize effect.
=650  24$aClay deposits.
=650  24$aConsolidation parameters.
=650  24$aOedometer test.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13348.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13349
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13349$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13349$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.52
=082  04$a620.1/1296$223
=100  1\$aShogaki, T.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMicrostructure, Strength, and Consolidation Properties of Ariake Clay Deposits Obtained from Samplers /$cT. Shogaki.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aThe effect of tube wall friction on the microstructure of Ariake clay samples obtained from a small diameter sampler (45-mm sampler) and their strength and consolidation properties are examined from use of a color laser three-dimensional profile microscope plus unconfined compression, triaxial compression, and standard oedometer tests. The microstructure within 2 mm of the tube wall was disturbed due to wall friction. However, the disturbance in the rest of the sample had other causes and the samples were mechanically homogeneous. The unconfined compressive strength and preconsolidation pressure values obtained from the 45-mm sampler were 20 % to 40 % greater than those of the 75-mm sampler and their sample quality therefore higher.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMaterials$xThermal properties.
=650  \0$aMicrostructure.
=650  \0$aSample disturbance.
=650  \0$aStrength.
=650  \0$aConsolidation.
=650  \0$aClay deposits.
=650  14$aMicrostructure.
=650  24$aClay deposits.
=650  24$aStrength.
=650  24$aConsolidation.
=650  24$aSample disturbance.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13349.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13351
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13351$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13351$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQR181
=082  04$a615.7922$223
=100  1\$aSuko, T.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aTransport Phenomena of Volatile Solute in Soil during Bioventing Technology /$cT. Suko, T. Fujikawa, T. Miyazaki.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b5
=520  3\$aBioventing is one of the remediation techniques for volatile organic compound (VOC) contamination with VOC in the vadose zone. The object of this study is to investigate the pollutant transport and removal during aeration treatment focusing on convection, biodegradation, and volatilization. As for the result of 20-cm column experiment, dodecane removal ratio of the samples with aeration was about 20 % higher than those with no aeration. But after 30 days, the increasing rate of dodecane removal ratio decreased drastically in all cases. Total germ density increased after 10 days, but stopped increasing after 30 days. In the samples with higher water content, total germ numbers and dodecane removal ratio increased largely at the inlet of the air. From the estimations of the contribution of volatilization and biodeg-radiation, the authors found that volatilization played a more important role on dodecane removal during the first 10 days of the column experiment, and biodegradation became predominant afterward.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aNatural history.
=650  \0$aScience.
=650  \0$aBioventing.
=650  \0$aAndisol.
=650  \0$aMicroorganism.
=650  \0$aVolatilisation.
=650  14$aBioventing.
=650  24$aMicroorganism.
=650  24$aAndisol.
=650  24$aVolatilisation.
=700  1\$aFujikawa, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMiyazaki, T.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13351.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13354
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13354$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13354$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA439
=082  04$a620.136$223
=100  1\$aTani, S.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aApplicability of Cement-Stabilized Mud Soil as Embankment Material /$cS. Tani, S. Fukushima, A. Kitajima, K. Nishimoto.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (21 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b3
=520  3\$aAlthough conventional improved soil using cement has high strength, a maximum strength can be induced by a small strain, causing cracks. Thus, such improved soil is not considered to be fit for core materials (i.e., impervious materials) for earth dam embankments. We have developed a method to repair embankments with crushed and compacted soil utilizing earth dam mud soil. This method enables embankments which rarely crack to be constructed. The improved soil was produced in the following manner. First, the stabilized soil was cured for a few days. The soil was then crushed, plowed, compacted, and re-stabilized, resulting in an improved soil that, although it had lower strength, at the maximum strength can only be generated by a large strain. In this paper, mechanical tests for soil specimens prepared in a laboratory and obtained from actual embankments were used to obtain the curing times till crushing, and the strength and deformation characteristics of the crushed-compacted soil. In addition, we carried out a dry-wet cycling test for endurance for the crushed-compacted soil, and examined the mechanical characteristics. Finally, we describe some actual examples where the present method has been applied.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aConcrete.
=650  \0$aImprovement soil.
=650  \0$aMud soil.
=650  \0$aEarth dam.
=650  \0$aEmbankment.
=650  14$aEarth dam.
=650  24$aEmbankment.
=650  24$aMud soil.
=650  24$aImprovement soil.
=700  1\$aFukushima, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKitajima, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNishimoto, K.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13354.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13357
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13357$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13357$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRG627
=082  04$a614.5/9929201$223
=100  1\$aUmeki, T.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aGroundwater Flow and Arsenic Contamination Analyses in Southern Bangladesh /$cT. Umeki, A. Mano, Y. Ishibashi.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b5
=520  3\$aArsenic contamination had been found all over Bangladesh in 1993, however, the groundwater flow and the mechanism of arsenic contamination have not been made clear yet. Because the arsenic contamination spreads through the groundwater, it is important to understand the groundwater flow. We performed the field measurement from December 23rd to 25th, 2003 and from May 19th to 21st, 2004. Then we performed the numerical analyses of groundwater flow and arsenic transportation using modflow to grasp the field groundwater condition. As a result of the field measurement, the underground condition of our study area is reductive. Besides, using modflow, we could reproduce the groundwater flow properly and estimate a flux of groundwater drawn from wells, and then, predict the future contamination.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aEpidemiologic Studies.
=650  \0$aFresh Water.
=650  \0$aArsenic.
=650  \0$aGroundwater.
=650  \0$aModflow.
=650  14$aArsenic.
=650  24$aGroundwater.
=650  24$aModflow.
=700  1\$aMano, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aIshibashi, Y.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13357.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13374
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13374$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13374$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aUF767
=082  04$a301.31$223
=100  1\$aKeenan, HE.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEnvironmental Monitoring of the Sediment Pollution along the Thai:Laos Mekong /$cHE. Keenan, M. Dyer, A. Songsasen, S. Bangkedphol, U. Homchan.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aThe Mekong is an essential source of water and protein for the denizens of Thai Laos countries. However historic pollution is adversely affecting the water and sediment quality that threatens the short- and long-term supply/use of this major river system. This can have a major impact on the health and population of the marine life and ultimately adversely affect human health and the economy for both countries. As a first stage in the assessment of the scale and extent of the pollution problem, an in-depth program of sampling and analysis has been carried out for both water and sediments for three seasons since 2000. A range of water quality parameters were measured from ten sampling stations. These included the PolyAromatic Hydrocarbons (PAHs) initially measured as chrysene equivalents, then as individual compounds of fluorene, phenanthrene, anthracene, fluoranthene, pyrene, benzo(a)anthracene, chrysene, benzo(b)fluoranthene, benzo(k)fluoranthene, benzo(a)pyrene, dibenzo(a,h)anthracene, benzo(g,h,i)perylene, and indeno(1,2,3,cd)pyrene. A range of heavy metals were measured including chromium, cadmium, mercury, copper, zinc, lead, and titanium. This paper presents the results of the field study to date and provides a preliminary evaluation of the extent of the pollution and potential for bioaccumulation within the local food chain.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aEnvironmental sciences.
=650  \0$aNuclear energy.
=700  1\$aDyer, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSongsasen, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBangkedphol, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHomchan, U.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13374.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13375
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13375$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13375$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA479.S7
=082  04$a620.1/7$223
=100  1\$aKim, W-G,$eauthor.
=245  10$aProbabilistic Analysis of the Creep Crack Growth Rate of Type 316LN Stainless Steel by the Monte Carlo Simulation /$cW-G Kim, S-N Yoon, W-S Ryu, S-J Kim, W. Yi.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aThis paper presents a probabilistic analysis for evaluating the creep crack growth rate (CCGR) of type 316LN stainless steel. The CCGR data was obtained from the creep crack growth tests, which are conducted under various applied loads at 600°C. The crack growth rate was characterized as a function of the C* fracture parameter. In order to logically obtain the B and q values in the CCGR equation of a=B(C*)q, three methods of the least square fitting method (LSFM), a mean value method (MVM), and a probabilistic distribution method (PDM) were adopted. Also, using the Monte Carlo simulation, a number of random variables was generated, and the CCGR lines were predicted probabilistically. The three methods did not show a large difference in the CCGR lines, but the PDM was most useful because the CCGR line can be evaluated with a probabilistic reliability. Both the B and q coefficients followed a lognormal distribution, even though the B ones were a little scattered for the points of the data. In the case of a standard deviation of 1 σ for the probability variables, P (B,q), the results of the MCS and the PDM for the distribution ranges of the CCGR lines were compared and discussed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aEngineering design.
=650  \0$aBuilding materials.
=650  \0$aProbability.
=650  14$aCreep crack growth rate.
=650  24$aType 316LN SS.
=650  24$aProbability.
=650  24$aMonte Carlo simulation.
=700  1\$aYoon, S-N,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRyu, W-S,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKim, S-J,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aYi, W.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13375.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13376
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13376$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13376$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aS592.6.O73
=082  04$a631.4/17$223
=100  1\$aShah, PH.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMethodology for Determination of Hygroscopic Moisture Content of Soils /$cPH. Shah, DN. Singh.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b30
=520  3\$aHygroscopic moisture content of the soil is usually determined by an air-drying method and has been related with the surface area and cation exchange capacity of the soil, by many researchers. However, as relative humidity influences the overall soil-water interaction, quantification of its impact on hygroscopic moisture content of the soil becomes mandatory. Incidentally, it has been noted that no standard methodology, which specifies determination of the soil hygroscopic moisture content exists in the literature. With this in view, laboratory investigations were carried out on soils, with entirely different properties, and by exposing them to different relative humidity and storage time. Based on the results, “optimal hygroscopic moisture content” of the soil has been defined and the methodology for its measurement has been proposed. Further, attempts were made to correlate hygroscopic moisture content of the soil with its surface area, cation exchange capacity, liquid limit, swelling potential, and electrical properties (conductivity and dielectric constant). Such correlations will be of the utmost help in predicting these properties of the soil by knowing its hygroscopic moisture content.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMarine sediments.
=650  \0$aSewage sludge.
=650  \0$aCorrelations.
=650  \0$aSoils.
=650  \0$aRelative humidity.
=650  14$aSoils.
=650  24$aHygroscopic moisture content.
=650  24$aRelative humidity.
=650  24$aLaboratory investigations.
=650  24$aCorrelations.
=700  1\$aSingh, DN.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13376.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13378
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13378$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13378$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA660.J64
=082  04$a624.1/77$223
=100  1\$aMiyauchi, Hiroyuki,$eauthor.
=245  10$aProposed Design and Method for Providing Sealed Joint Performance under Relative Story Displacement /$cHiroyuki Miyauchi, Kyoji Tanaka.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b18
=520  3\$aThe fatigue resistance of sealed joints to relative story displacement movements caused by earthquakes was studied experimentally and analytically, and the new joint design method was proposed, providing adequate sealed joint performance over the joint’s service life. First, the story drift R of a curtain wall panel and the number of movement cycles of relative story displacement at a sealed joint over its service life were investigated using earthquake data of the Japan Meteorological Agency. The results indicate that the number of cyclic movements at a sealed joint over its service life is inversely proportional to the story drift of the adjacent curtain wall panels. In regions where earthquakes are numerous, R=1/300 cyclic movements of the total length of the curtain wall panel occur several thousand times over a period of 75 years, while R=1/100 cyclic movements occur only several tens of times. Second, the three criteria required to create a joint design method were investigated, i.e., type of sealant, effect of cross-sectional size and shape of the sealed joint, and fatigue resistance of the sealant at intersectional zones of sealed joints to the sliding and rocking motions of curtain wall panels. It was obvious that the fatigue resistance of sealed joints was lower in the intersectional area than in the linear sections of the joints, and was lowest in the event of the same movement occurring in both vertical and horizontal joints. The fatigue resistance of a sealant at the intersection of sealed joints is not sufficient to attain the targeted service life and the fatigue resistance of this area of the sealed joint must be improved by applying larger curvature radii at the corner of the curtain wall panel. Finally, the new joint design process for the linear section and the intersection of the sealed joints to relative story displacement movements was developed based on the experimental data. Further, we proposed the methodology to estimate the expected service life of a sealed joint.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aJoints (Engineering)
=650  \0$aDesign method.
=650  \0$aFatigue resistance.
=650  \0$aPerformance.
=650  \0$aMovement.
=650  \0$aSealant.
=650  14$aSealant.
=650  24$aPerformance.
=650  24$aDesign method.
=650  24$aRelative story displacement.
=650  24$aMovement.
=650  24$aFatigue resistance.
=700  1\$aTanaka, Kyoji,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13378.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13384
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13384$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13384$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK6560
=082  04$a621.384$223
=100  1\$aKumar, S.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPlasma Cleaning of a Commercially Available Hydroxyapatite-Coated External Fixation Pin by the Radio Frequency Glow Discharge Technique /$cS. Kumar, WM. Skinner.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (5 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b10
=520  3\$aThe surface chemistry of a commercially available hydroxyapatite (HA)-coated external fixation pin in its as-received state has been studied using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The XPS investigations revealed that the HA coating on the pin was contaminated with silicon (organosilicone) and it exhibited sub-stoichiometric chemical composition (i.e., Ca/P∼0.9). A comparison of the high resolution XPS spectra of both the HA-coated pin and the inside of its protective elastomer cap revealed that silicon to be in the form of an organosilane transferred from the protective cap to the HA surface, thus contaminating the latter. A parallel plate radio frequency glow discharge plasma cleaning system was successfully employed for removing the surface contaminant (organosilicone) from the HA-coated pin. As confirmed by XPS, plasma cleaning for 15 min was sufficient for achieving complete removal of the silicon contaminant and exposing a clean HA layer with a stoichiometric Ca/P ratio of 1.7.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aRadio circuits$xDesign and construction.
=650  \0$aRadio $xEquipment and supplies$xDesign and construction.
=650  \0$aPlasma cleaning.
=650  14$aPlasma cleaning.
=650  24$aExternal fixation pins.
=650  24$aHydroxyapatite coating.
=650  24$aXPS.
=700  1\$aSkinner, WM.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13384.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13387
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13387$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13387$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aHD62.15
=082  04$a658.5/62$223
=100  1\$aKanegsberg, B.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aParameters in Ultrasonic Cleaning for Implants and Other Critical Devices /$cB. Kanegsberg, E. Kanegsberg.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aUltrasonic cleaning is widely accepted as an invaluable tool for minimizing contamination of critical devices, particularly where complex geometries such as blind holes are present. In order to use this powerful technique effectively, it is necessary to identify multiple parameters and to optimize conditions. Optimizing ultrasonic effectiveness involves removal of undesirable contaminants. Because ultrasonic cleaning generates significant force, effectiveness also involves minimizing the potential for substrate damage. Cavitation quality, and cavitation effects, are dependent on a number of factors including the frequency, amplitude, chemistry (aqueous or solvent), time, and pressure. The negative impact of ultrasonic erosion is often assumed to be minimal, particularly where more sophisticated ultrasonic systems are employed. Where the surface itself is more complex and contains what might be termed microstructure (or nanostructure), the potential for damage during ultrasonic cleaning must not be ignored. Several examples are presented to illustrate the desirability for independent, documented studies of the impact of ultrasonic cleaning or of ultrasonic extraction on critical products. As one simple model, studies were conducted on various thicknesses of aluminum foil. Efficacy of cavitation and potential for surface modification effects was indicated by foil erosion. In a second example, loss of metal substrate from critical components (or subassemblies) used in inertial navigation systems was observed after one hour of ultrasonic extraction. Both examples involve softer metals than are typically used in biomedical devices. However, depending on the size and configuration of the device, the issue of erosion and/or stress must be considered. The potential for ultrasonic damage in miniature devices and indications of such damage is discussed. Many newer cleaning chemistries, particularly biobased chemistries, are ineffective at ambient temperature. Discussion indicating the impact of elevated temperature are included. In some cases, it appears that ultrasonic cleaning may be superfluous in certain biobased chemistries at elevated temperature. It is typically assumed that ultrasonic cleaning will be conducted at atmospheric pressure. However, many newer cleaning systems operate at reduced pressure that reduce the boiling point. Therefore, studies of cavitation effects at reduced pressure or at high temperature are discussed. Typically, extensive studies of appropriate conditions for ultrasonics are not conducted. Instead, conditions are selected based on previous pragmatic observations or on vendor recommendations. In recent years, the number of available options in ultrasonic equipment and chemistries has increased markedly. At the same time, there has been a trend toward miniaturization and increased complexity of configuration in biomedical devices; this trend means increased surface, increased potential for contamination, and increased potential for unintended surface modification. With increasing use of ultrasonics for such critical applications as medical implants, the need for additional independent studies of ultrasonic efficacy is proposed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aTotal quality management.
=650  \0$aUltrasonic cleaning.
=650  \0$aAerospace components.
=650  \0$aMedical implants.
=650  \0$aSurface quality.
=650  14$aUltrasonic cleaning.
=650  24$aMedical implants.
=650  24$aAerospace components.
=650  24$aSurface quality.
=700  1\$aKanegsberg, E.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13387.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13389
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13389$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13389$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aHV5824.W6
=082  04$a616.86/06082$223
=100  1\$aSpiegelberg, S.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aASTM Activities for Assessing Cleanliness of Medical Devices /$cS. Spiegelberg.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (4 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b3
=520  3\$aRecent product recalls relating to device cleanliness have helped to spur activities within the American Standards of Testing and Materials (ASTM). Researchers and engineers from medical device manufacturers, analytical laboratories, NIST, the FDA, and medical device consultants have formed an ASTM task force to address issues of cleanliness in biomedical components, including orthopedics, cardiovascular, dental, and opthamalogical materials. Work is being conducted to develop standards for assessing levels of cleanliness in metallic, ceramic, composite, and plastic components. The task force is also attempting to determine acceptable levels of cleanliness in the various biomedical devices. This paper discusses the current activities within ASTM. Draft testing standards are presented, along with plans for round robin testing.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aRegulation of medicines & medical devices.
=650  \0$aFeminism & feminist theory.
=650  \0$aStandard.
=650  \0$aCleanliness.
=650  14$aASTM.
=650  24$aCleanliness.
=650  24$aStandard.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13389.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13390
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13390$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13390$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aR857.M3
=082  04$a610.28$223
=100  1\$aLuginbuehl, R.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aResidue Analysis on Implants /$cR. Luginbuehl, B. Gasser, V. Frauchiger.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aProcess agent residues on implant surfaces have become the center of attention after implant failures that were clearly attributed to problems of contamination and cleanliness during manufacturing. The success of modern implants depends strongly on the quality control after manufacturing since a minor degree of contamination may generate increased inflammation of the wound. Therefore, process and quality control requires tools to identify and quantify contaminations on implant surfaces. We evaluated a series of analytical methods, including gas chromatography and mass spectrometry analysis, thin layer chromatography, total organic carbon, and x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, regarding their suitability for the different type of residues. The focus was put on extraction of soluble non-polar organic agents and subsequent analysis. All methods were assessed with internal standard contamination oil that contains a variety of surface-active agents used in common commercial cutting oils and emulsions for medical device machining.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aImplants, Artificial$xMaterials.
=650  \0$aBiomedical materials.
=650  \0$aInterface.
=650  \0$aCleanliness.
=650  \0$aImplants.
=650  \0$aMethods.
=650  \0$aResidues.
=650  14$aImplants.
=650  24$aCleanliness.
=650  24$aResidues.
=650  24$aMethods.
=650  24$aInterface.
=650  24$aXPS.
=650  24$aGC-MS.
=700  1\$aGasser, B.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFrauchiger, V.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13390.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13391
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13391$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13391$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP1087
=082  04$a668.9/2$223
=100  1\$aZurbrügg, D.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCleanliness Testing and Identification of Residues on Polymer Medical Devices /$cD. Zurbrügg.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b5
=520  3\$aMachining and cleaning are key processes in the manufacturing of metal, ceramic, and polymer medical devices. During these processes, the components and final devices are exposed to processing aids, handling equipment, cleaning agents, and packaging materials. Methods for the cleanliness testing of such potential residues are discussed in this paper. To assess the effectiveness of the total organic carbon (TOC) analysis for cleanliness testing, the recovery of organic residues was studied. Spiking tests showed that nonpolar hydrocarbons are not well extracted, neither by 1 h ultrasonication nor by 24 h refluxing in boiling water. This results in a very poor TOC recovery for mineral oil-like residues. Good recovery and a high sensitivity for such residues are obtained by solvent extraction following Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. Furthermore, extracted organic residues from machined polymer devices were identified by gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results indicate that nonpolar polymers like ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) absorb hydrocarbons from mineral oil-based processing aids during machining.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPolymer engineering.
=650  \0$aCleanliness.
=650  \0$aMedical devices.
=650  \0$aPolymers.
=650  14$aCleanliness.
=650  24$aMedical devices.
=650  24$aPolymers.
=650  24$aTOC.
=650  24$aFTIR.
=650  24$aGC-MS.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13391.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13392
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13392$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13392$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aR857.M3
=082  04$a610.28$223
=100  1\$aMoseley, JP.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aValidation of a Gravimetric Procedure for Recovery of Processing Materials from Porous Coated Metal Implants /$cJP. Moseley, MT. Hooper, SJ. Bible.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b1
=520  3\$aTest coupons of ASTM F 75 cobalt chrome alloy with sintered bead coatings were contaminated with known amounts of a paraffin based buffing compound and heated to simulate buffing friction. The soils were then recovered by sonication for 1 to 6 h in hexane and analyzed using a gravimetric technique. Values were determined for the amounts recovered for both soluble and insoluble components of the buffing compounds and the percent recovery was calculated. For this system, the optimum time for sonication was determined to be 4 h, with recovery values greater than 80%. Analyses run on uncontaminated coupons yielded 0.06 mg of insoluble debris. Elemental analysis of that debris was consistent with erosion of the glassware during sonication.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aImplants, Artificial$xMaterials.
=650  \0$aBiomedical materials.
=650  \0$aAnalysis.
=650  \0$aCleanliness.
=650  \0$aImplant.
=650  14$aImplant.
=650  24$aCleanliness.
=650  24$aAnalysis.
=700  1\$aHooper, MT.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBible, SJ.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13392.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13393
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13393$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13393$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aHD9994.U52
=082  04$a338.4/7681761/0973$223
=100  1\$aLeBlanc, DA.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAnalytical Methods and Acceptance Criteria for Cleaning Validation Protocols for Medical Devices /$cDA. LeBlanc.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (5 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b18
=520  3\$aThis paper presents alternative methods to utilize in measuring the effectiveness of cleaning processes and to measure effects of changes in a cleaning process for the manufacture of medical device implants. Recommended methods for setting cleaning validation acceptance criteria for various residues are presented, along with analytical methodologies to measure those residues. The advantages of the proposed analytical methods include their applicability to devices other than metallic implants and the fact that they are established analytical technologies.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPharmaceutical industry.
=650  \0$aCleaning.
=650  \0$aValidation.
=650  \0$aLimits.
=650  \0$aResidues.
=650  \0$aImplant.
=650  14$aCleaning.
=650  24$aValidation.
=650  24$aLimits.
=650  24$aResidues.
=650  24$aImplant.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13393.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13394
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13394$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13394$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN870.57
=082  04$a553.2/8$223
=100  1\$aTreece, BL.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSurvey of Orthopedic Implant Cleanliness Test Methods /$cBL. Treece.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (5 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b1
=520  3\$aIn the past, orthopedic implant cleanliness assessment has largely relied on visual and microbiological evaluations; this may not be the case in the future. Test methods to quantity and identify manufacturing residues may need to be added to the cleanliness toolbox to verify that contact materials have been removed to acceptable levels. ASTM has begun exploring this new territory with the F04.15.17. Cleanliness Testing Committee. This paper addresses the need for test methods by reporting a few techniques that may be successful in assessing the cleanliness of metallic implants. The survey describes an extraction technique and several methods that quantify categories of typical contact materials, such as machining oils, coolants and detergents. The methods range from simple gravimetric measurements to employing analytical instrumentation, including Total Organic Analyzers, Inductively Coupled Plasma Spectrometers and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometers. The approach of classifying residues as particular categories of contact materials facilitates the application of the techniques across many products and manufacturing processes and allows for a greater degree of standardization, as opposed to identifying specific components of an individual material. The methods described may prompt discussions and provide guidance for future ASTM efforts to develop new standards for orthopedic implants.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPetrology.
=650  \0$aGeophysics.
=650  \0$aResidue.
=650  \0$aHydrocarbon.
=650  \0$aCleanliness.
=650  \0$aImplant cleanliness.
=650  \0$aTest methods.
=650  14$aImplant cleanliness.
=650  24$aCleanliness.
=650  24$aResidue.
=650  24$aHydrocarbon.
=650  24$aTest methods.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13394.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13403
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13403$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13403$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aR857.P6
=082  04$a610.28/4$223
=100  1\$aBassuoni, MT.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEnhancing the Reliability of Evaluating Chloride Ingress in Concrete Using the ASTM C 1202 Rapid Chloride Penetrability Test /$cMT. Bassuoni, ML. Nehdi, TR. Greenough.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b29
=520  3\$aThe rapid chloride penetrability test (RCPT-ASTM C 1202) is commonly used to evaluate the resistance of concrete to chloride ions ingress owing to its simplicity and rapidity. However, it has been criticized for various shortcomings such as giving favorable results to supplementary cementitious materials (e.g., silica fume), and bias against calcium nitrite corrosion inhibitors (CNI). Based on the ASTM C 1202 induced voltage concept, this study aims at enhancing the reliability of rapidly evaluating concrete resistance to chloride ions ingress. It is proposed that upon test termination, not only the passing charges are recorded, but the depth of chloride front migrating into concrete is also measured. Concrete mixtures herein were prepared incorporating selected materials (silica fume and CNI) that have been known to cause misleading results for the RCPT test. The effects of silica fume and CNI dosages on RCPT results were investigated and correlated to porosity trends evaluated by mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP). The study reveals that measuring the migrating chloride front in concrete subsequent to the ASTM C 1202 test can eliminate the bias induced by electrolysis conductivity resulting from silica fume and/or CNI. This improves the reliability of assessing concrete resistance to chloride ions penetration using the RCPT procedure.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBiocompatible Materials.
=650  \0$aMedicine.
=650  \0$aSilica fume.
=650  \0$aChloride ions.
=650  \0$aMigration coefficient.
=650  \0$aPorosity.
=650  \0$aResistivity.
=650  14$aRapid chloride penetrability test (RCPT)
=650  24$aChloride ions.
=650  24$aSilica fume.
=650  24$aCalcium nitrite corrosion inhibitor (CNI)
=650  24$aMigration coefficient.
=650  24$aResistivity.
=650  24$aPorosity.
=700  1\$aNehdi, ML.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGreenough, TR.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13403.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13404
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13404$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13404$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC271.6
=082  04$a536/.5/0287$223
=100  1\$aRipple, DC.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSelection of Alternatives to Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers /$cDC. Ripple, GF. Strouse.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aA desire to increase automation or to eliminate the use of mercury has prompted several ASTM committees to consider alternatives to ASTM Liquid-in-Glass (LiG) thermometers. In this paper, we address the technical issues of choosing an alternative. We first discuss the basic properties and relative merits of platinum resistance thermometers, thermistors, and thermocouples in the context of replacements for LiG thermometers; then we list uncertainty components for measurements with alternative thermometers; and finally we discuss other factors in temperature measurement and control that are important in the development and execution of ASTM standards.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aInterdisciplinary approach to knowledge.
=650  \0$aTemperature.
=650  \0$aThermocouple.
=650  \0$aThermistor.
=650  \0$aThermometer.
=650  \0$aLiquid in glass.
=650  \0$aMercury.
=650  14$aLiquid in glass.
=650  24$aMercury.
=650  24$aResistance thermometer.
=650  24$aThermistor.
=650  24$aThermocouple.
=650  24$aThermometer.
=650  24$aTemperature.
=700  1\$aStrouse, GF.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13404.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13410
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13410$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13410$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA442.5
=082  04$a624.2028/4$223
=100  1\$aTasi, CT.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Effect of Aggregate Gradation on Engineering Properties of High Performance Concrete /$cCT. Tasi, LS. Li, CL. Hwang.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b14
=520  3\$aThe main theme of this paper is to study the effects of aggregate packing types on the engineering properties of high performance concrete (HPC). Three types of aggregate packing (primitive, dense, gap gradation) and five kinds of paste amount (1.2, 1.4, 1.6, 1.8, 2.0 of void content within aggregate) are the major parameters to evaluate the properties of HPC. The test result indicates that the denser the aggregate packing the better the workability and engineering properties are under sufficient paste content. The application of the densified mixture design algorithm (DMDA) on designing HPC for every aggregate packing type can obtain high flowability and suitable strength growth. The strength efficiency of HPC designed by DMDA is much higher than that by the traditional one. The significant contribution of the aggregate packing to the performance of hardened HPC is obvious. The conclusion is that by applying DMDA, the gap-graded aggregate or other marginal material may be utilized to produce HPC.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHigh strength concrete bridges$xDesign and construction$xSpecifications.
=650  \0$aConcrete bridges$xDesign and construction$xSpecifications.
=650  \0$aGap-graded.
=650  \0$aAggregate packing.
=650  14$aHigh performance concrete (HPC)
=650  24$aAggregate packing.
=650  24$aThe densified mixture design algorithm (DMDA)
=650  24$aThe strength efficiency.
=650  24$aGap-graded.
=700  1\$aLi, LS.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHwang, CL.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13410.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13411
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13411$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13411$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA660.J64
=082  04$a624.1/77$223
=100  1\$aLee, H-Y,$eauthor.
=245  10$aModelling the Redistribution of Residual Stresses at Elevated Temperature in Components /$cH-Y Lee, KM. Nikbin.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aIn this study the effects of high temperature relaxation on the residual stresses has been examined for T-plate and tubular T-joint geometries by numerical analysis using elasto-plastic-creep finite element modelling. It is shown that residual stresses are important, especially at the early stages of lifetime before the residual stresses relax rapidly. A sensitivity analysis was carried out by varying the creep properties and geometric constraint under plane stress and plane strain conditions. A comprehensive residual stress profile derived from measured residual stresses of a range of steels and different geometries that have been welded, cold bent, repair welded, or overloaded, was used as a ‘Master curve’ of the residual stresses. In all cases compared, it has been shown that the transverse measured residual stresses were tensile at the surface The stress intensity factor (SIF) estimates using the master curve profile for the T-Plate, and tubular T-joint geometries are lower compared to current case specific residual stress profiles used in R6 and BS7910 procedures but is still sufficiently conservative when compared with experimental measured residual stress data. It has also been shown that the numerically calculated residual stresses induced by overload in this study compare well at the surface with the master curve but decrease more rapidly with respect to crack depth compared to experimental values. Furthermore, by considering creep stress relaxation rates from the present FE calculations, it is shown that the peak surface residual stresses drop rapidly to about 50% at the relatively short duration of the first 1000 h. The SIF values of the predicted residual stresses are found to be lower than the experimentally measured data, and they are also found to be insensitive to stress relaxation in the through depth of the T-plate and tubular T-joint geometries. It was shown that the master curve gives an overall conservative SIF, though reduced, for the weld residual stresses as well as for residual stresses derived from overload. Furthermore, where redistribution of the residual stresses is concerned, it is shown that present profiles may all be unduly conservative in their SIF estimations.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aJoints (Engineering)
=650  \0$aOverload.
=650  \0$aT-plate.
=650  \0$aRedistribution.
=650  \0$aResidual stress.
=650  \0$aTubular T-joint.
=650  14$aResidual stress.
=650  24$aRedistribution.
=650  24$aCreep.
=650  24$aStress intensity factors.
=650  24$aOverload.
=650  24$aT-plate.
=650  24$aTubular T-joint.
=650  24$aR6.
=650  24$aBS7910.
=700  1\$aNikbin, KM.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13411.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13414
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13414$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13414$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN693.I7
=082  04$a669/.96142$223
=100  1\$aKephart, AR.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aOptimum Thread Rolling Process that Improves SCC Resistance /$cAR. Kephart.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b2
=520  3\$aAccelerated testing in environments aggressive for the specific material have shown that fastener threads that are rolled after strengthening heat treatments have improved resistance to stress corrosion cracking (SCC) initiation. For example, intergranular SCC was produced in one day when machined (cut) threads of high-strength steel (ASTM A193 B-7 and A354 Grade 8) were exposed to an aggressive aqueous environment containing 8 wt % boiling ammonium nitrate and stressed to about 40 % of the steel's yield strength. In similar testing conditions, bolts that were thread rolled before heat treatment (quench and temper) had similar high susceptibility to SCC. However, threads rolled after the strengthening heat treatment exhibited no SCC after a week of exposure, even when stressed to 100 % of the B-7 alloy yield strength. Similarly, intergranular SCC was produced in less than one day when machined (cut) threads of nickel-base alloys (X-750 and aged 625) were exposed to an aggressive 750°F doped steam environment (containing 100 ppm of chlorides, fluorides, sulfates, and nitrates) and stressed to about 80 % of the alloy yield strength. In similar testing conditions, threads rolled after strengthening exhibited no SCC after 50 days of exposure. This beneficial effect of the optimum thread rolling process (i.e., threads rolled after the strengthening heat treatment) is due to the retention of large residual compressive stresses in the thread roots (notches), which mitigate the applied notch tensile stresses resulting from joint design preloads. Use of these material-specific aggressive environments—“chemical cracking” tests—can provide an accelerated test to verify that threads were, in fact, produced by the optimum thread rolling process. The chemical cracking tests could also support fastener acceptance criteria or failure analysis of fasteners with unknown or uncertain manufacturing processes. The achievement of the optimum process effects may not always be detected by more conventional methods (e.g., metallography or hardness testing)
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSteel $xMetallography.
=650  \0$aSteel $xMetallurgy.
=650  \0$aChemical cracking.
=650  \0$aThread rolling.
=650  \0$aFasteners.
=650  \0$aNi-base alloys.
=650  14$aFasteners.
=650  24$aThread rolling.
=650  24$aSCC.
=650  24$aNi-base alloys.
=650  24$aSteel.
=650  24$aChemical cracking.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13414.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13415
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13415$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13415$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK7870.15
=082  04$a621.381/046$223
=100  1\$aKlosowski, JM.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aReducing Modulus of Sealants to Improve Durability /$cJM. Klosowski, JE. Plott.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references.
=520  3\$aThe premise is that if one reduces sealant fatigue by lowering modulus while leaving other characteristics of a sealant unchanged, its durability will improve. Reducing sealant fatigue is seen as a positive consequence of lowering the modulus of elasticity of a sealant. The data shows the effect of incorporating a modulus modifier in one- and two-part (standard curing) urethane sealants and a one-part silane curing polyether sealant. This approach lowers modulus with no or minimum reformulation.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAdhesive joints.
=650  \0$aAdditive.
=650  \0$aAdhesion.
=650  \0$aElongation.
=650  \0$aModulus.
=650  \0$aMovement.
=650  \0$aSealant.
=650  \0$aDurability.
=650  14$aSealant.
=650  24$aAdditive.
=650  24$aAdhesion.
=650  24$aModulus.
=650  24$aElongation.
=650  24$aMovement.
=650  24$aDurability.
=700  1\$aPlott, JE.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13415.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13416
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13416$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13416$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA712
=082  04$a620.1/36$223
=100  1\$aDunstan, ER.,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Logical Pozzolanic Index and Its Use in Concrete Proportioning /$cER. Dunstan, Zayed A.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aA new approach to pozzolanic index is proposed. The proposed index (from 0 to 1) is based on the percentage of the pozzolan that reacts with lime. The index is logical in that it is a description of the level of reactivity of the pozzolan. The optimum pozzolan percentage for use with cement can be calculated using the index. An index can be estimated from pozzolanic reactions with lime or based on its contribution to the strength of concrete or mortar. A model for concrete strength incorporating the index is proposed that can be used to estimate concrete strength.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aConstruction industry.
=650  \0$aEngineering.
=650  \0$aConcrete.
=650  \0$aProportioning.
=650  \0$aOptimum.
=650  14$aPozzolan.
=650  24$aIndex.
=650  24$aConcrete.
=650  24$aProportioning.
=650  24$aOptimum.
=700  1\$aA, Zayed,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13416.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13422
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13422$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13422$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC774.C43
=082  04$a530/.092$223
=100  1\$aCarlson, AD.,$eauthor.
=245  13$aAn International Evaluation of the Neutron Cross Section Standards /$cAD. Carlson, SA. Badikov, Z. Chen, EV. Gai, GM. Hale, F-J Hambsch, HM. Hofmann, T. Kawano, NM. Larson, S-Y Oh, VG. Pronyaev, DL. Smith, S. Tagesen, H. Vonach.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b21
=520  3\$aWork is reported here on the process and present results of an international evaluation of the neutron cross section standards. The evaluations include the H(n,n), 3He(n,p), 6Li(n,t), 10B(n,α), 10B(n,α1γ), 197Au(n,γ), 235U(n,f), and 238U(n,f) standard reactions as well as the 238U(n,γ) and 239Pu(n,f) reactions. This evaluation was performed to include new experiments on the standards that have been made since the ENDF/B-VI evaluation was completed and to improve the evaluation process. Evaluations have been completed for the 6Li(n,t), 197Au(n,γ) and 238U(n,γ) cross sections. Also below 20 MeV the H(n,n), 235U(n,f), 238U(n,f) and 239Pu(n,f) cross sections are completed. Many of the cross sections being evaluated are used in neutron dosimetry for fluence determination. The general trend observed for the evaluations is an increase in the cross sections for most of the reactions from fractions of a percent to several percent compared with the ENDF/B-VI results.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAtomic bomb.
=650  \0$aEvaluation.
=650  \0$aCapture standards.
=650  \0$aFission standards.
=650  \0$aR-matrix.
=650  14$aNeutron cross section standards.
=650  24$aFission standards.
=650  24$aCapture standards.
=650  24$aR-matrix.
=650  24$aEvaluation.
=700  1\$aBadikov, SA.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aChen, Z.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGai, EV.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHale, GM.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHambsch, F-J,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHofmann, HM.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKawano, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLarson, NM.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aOh, S-Y,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPronyaev, VG.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSmith, DL.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTagesen, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aVonach, H.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13422.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13424
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13424$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13424$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA712
=082  04$a620.1/36$223
=100  1\$aGritzay, O.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPrecision Neutron Total Cross-Sectional Measurements for Natural Carbon at Reactor Neutron-Filtered Beams /$cO. Gritzay, V. Kolotyi, N. Klimova, O. Kaltchenko, M. Gnidak, P. Vorona.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aAn experimental investigation of the total neutron cross section for natural carbon was made at Kyiv Research Reactor using neutron-filtered beams with energies 24, 59, and 148 keV. The intense neutron beams formed by composite neutron filters at reactor horizontal channels) had fluxes of about 106 to 107 neutron/cm2 s at the fixed neutron energies, which enabled us to measure the neutron cross sections with accuracy better than 1%. Transmission method was used in these measurements. The results of the measurements are presented together with the analysis of the known previous experimental data and the evaluated nuclear data from ENDF libraries. Sample thickness dependence of the observed neutron cross section, measured at the 148-keV filter, has been detected which hypothetically may be connected with existence of a very strong resonance in the 13C neutron cross section in the energy range 119 to 157 keV.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aConstruction industry.
=650  \0$aEngineering.
=650  \0$aTransmission method.
=650  \0$aNeutron filtered beam.
=650  \0$aResearch reactor.
=650  14$aCarbon.
=650  24$aResearch reactor.
=650  24$aNeutron filtered beam.
=650  24$aTotal neutron cross section.
=650  24$aTransmission method.
=700  1\$aKolotyi, V.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKlimova, N.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKaltchenko, O.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGnidak, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aVorona, P.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13424.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13425
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13425$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13425$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRA569
=082  04$a571.4/7$223
=100  1\$aSerén, T.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aExtensive Revision of the Kernel-based PREVIEW Program and Its Input Data /$cT. Serén, F. Wasastjerna.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aThe kernel-based PREVIEW program, which calculates fluences, fluence rates, reaction and damage rates, etc. at a few important out-of-core locations in the Loviisa VVER-440 reactors has been extensively revised. New location-specific dosimetry cross sections based on the newly released IRDF-2002 library have been developed. A few cross-section condensation codes are tried and compared. Generally the results are in good agreement. Small differences may be attributable to the use of single precision and to different representations of the weighting spectrum. Also, some codes use the basic ENDF-format data directly while others use processed data with reduced precision.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aElectromagnetism$xPhysiological effect.
=650  \0$aCross sections.
=650  \0$aKernel methods.
=650  \0$aVVER-440 reactors.
=650  14$aKernel methods.
=650  24$aPWR surveillance dosimetry.
=650  24$aVVER-440 reactors.
=650  24$aCross sections.
=700  1\$aWasastjerna, F.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13425.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13426
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13426$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13426$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC793.5.N4628
=082  04$a539.7/213$223
=100  1\$aHordosy, G.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCoupled Neutron-Gamma Calculations for the LR-0 Experimental Benchmark /$cG. Hordosy.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b2
=520  3\$aBenchmark calculations were performed for the mockup of a WWER-1000 reactor developed on the test reactor LR-0 in Nuclear Research Institute Rez (Czech Republic). The experimental arrangement is azimuthally and axially shortened, but the radial dimensions and material compositions are identical with the power reactors. The neutron and photon spectra, attenuation coefficients, and spectral indices were calculated and compared with measurements in all representative points of the mockups. The calculations were performed using the mcnp4C Monte Carlo code. A detailed geometrical model was developed. Most calculations were repeated using different nuclear data libraries. In some cases it was found that the difference of measured and calculated values is higher than could be explained by the experimental and calculational error.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aNeutrons $xDiffusion.
=650  \0$aReactor dosimetry.
=650  14$aReactor dosimetry.
=650  24$aPressure vessel calculations.
=650  24$aPressure vessel benchmark.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13426.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13427
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13427$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13427$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK9185.A1
=082  04$a621.4833$223
=100  1\$aHordosy, G.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aComparison of the Results of the Calculational and Experimental VVER-440 Pressure Vessel Dosimetry at Paks NPP /$cG. Hordosy, G. Hegyi, A. Kereszturi, C. Maraczy, P. Vertes, EM. Zsolnay.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b6
=520  3\$aAt Paks NPP, Hungary, a major project was launched to investigate the possibility of lifetime extension up to about 60 years. As a part of this project, detailed calculational and experimental investigation of the pressure vessel neutron radiation load having been performed. A computational procedure was developed earlier for evaluating the fast flux in the pressure vessel. The neutron source is taken from core calculation performed by the code karate and it is given in the core boundaries. The neutron transport from the source to and through the pressure vessel is investigated by mcnp4c. This procedure has now been tested against a new set of activation foil measurements. Good agreement was found between the measured and calculated reaction rates for fast reactions. In the case of thermal reactions, the agreement was weaker. The effect of error in nuclear data on fast reaction was studied.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aNuclear reactors$xMaterials$xEffect of radiation on.
=650  \0$aRadiation dosimetry.
=650  \0$aReactor dosimetry.
=650  14$aReactor dosimetry.
=650  24$aPressure vessel calculations.
=650  24$aActivation measurements.
=700  1\$aHegyi, G.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKereszturi, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMaraczy, C.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aVertes, P.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aZsolnay, EM.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13427.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13428
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13428$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13428$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQ180.55.E9
=082  04$a507/.2/0973$223
=100  1\$aLongoni, G.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aBenchmarking of PENTRAN-SSN Parallel Transport Code and FAST Preconditioning Algorithm Using the VENUS-2 MOX-Fueled Benchmark Problem /$cG. Longoni, A. Haghighat, C. Yi, GE. Sjoden.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aThe discrete ordinates method (Sn) is the most widely used technique to obtain numerical solutions of the linear Boltzmann equation, and therefore to evaluate radiation fields and dose rates in nuclear devices. However, it is well known that this method suffers from slow convergence for problems characterized by optically thick media and scattering ratio close to unity. To address this issue we have developed a new preconditioning algorithm based on the even-parity simplified Sn (EP-SSN) equations. The new method is based on the flux acceleration simplified transport (FAST) algorithm which is implemented into the PENTRAN-SSN code system. The code system is designed for parallel computing architectures; PENTRAN-SSN features spatial, angular, and energy domain decomposition algorithms. The FAST preconditioner is parallelized with a spatial domain decomposition algorithm. In this paper, our objective is to test the performance of the new preconditioning system for a three-dimensional shielding calculation based on the VENUS-2 MOX-fueled benchmark problem, issued by OECD/NEA (Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development/Nuclear Energy Agency.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aResearch$zUnited States$xEvaluation.
=650  \0$aParallel computing.
=650  \0$aVENUS benchmark.
=650  \0$aRadiation transport.
=650  14$aVENUS benchmark.
=650  24$aParallel computing.
=650  24$aRadiation transport.
=700  1\$aHaghighat, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aYi, C.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSjoden, GE.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13428.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13430
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13430$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13430$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD383.S54
=082  04$a668.4/227$223
=100  1\$aNatsume, T.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSpent Fuel Monitoring with Silicon Carbide Semiconductor Neutron/Gamma Detectors /$cT. Natsume, H. Doi, FH. Ruddy, JG. Seidel, AR. Dulloo.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b20
=520  3\$aSilicon carbide semiconductor radiation detectors have been demonstrated for neutron and gamma-ray monitoring of spent nuclear fuel. Neutrons and gamma rays were monitored simultaneously over a 2050-h period, resulting in a gamma dose of over 6000 Gy to the SiC detector. No changes in the neutron and gamma-ray sensitivity were observed as a result of the gamma-ray exposure. After the spent-fuel measurements, the absolute neutron sensitivity was determined in a standard neutron field, and the degree of gamma-ray and neutron spectrum overlap were determined through exposures in intense gamma ray fields. No overlap was observed for gamma-ray dose rates up to 100 G/h.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSilicon polymers.
=650  \0$aElastomers.
=650  \0$aSilicon carbide.
=650  \0$aSpent fuel.
=650  \0$aBurnup.
=650  \0$aSemiconductor.
=650  \0$aDetectors.
=650  \0$aGamma rays.
=650  \0$aNeutrons.
=650  14$aSilicon carbide.
=650  24$aDetectors.
=650  24$aSemiconductor.
=650  24$aSpent fuel.
=650  24$aNeutrons.
=650  24$aGamma rays.
=650  24$aBurnup.
=700  1\$aDoi, H.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRuddy, FH.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSeidel, JG.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDulloo, AR.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13430.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13432
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13432$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13432$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC793.5.N42
=082  04$a539.7213$223
=100  1\$aSakurai, Y.,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Beam-Monitor System for Neutrons and Gamma Rays in the Medical Irradiation Facility of the Kyoto University Research Reactor /$cY. Sakurai, A. Maruhashi.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b4
=520  3\$aThe first clinical trial of neutron capture therapy (NCT) using the epithermal neutron beam at the medical irradiation facility of the Kyoto University Reactor was carried out for oral cancer in December 2001. A beam monitor system is required for accurate dose estimation in our present NCT. As the components of thermal, epithermal and fast neutrons and gamma rays must be separately measured, the multichamber method was adopted using a combination of four kinds of ionization chambers. Each chamber has a two-layer wall; the outer wall has a thickness of about 5 m, and the inner wall has a thickness of 10–100 λm. The response can be adjusted by regulating the chamber-gas components. A trial beam-monitor system was made using IC-17M type chambers of Far West Technology, Inc., and its characteristics were experimentally determined.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aNuclear reactors.
=650  \0$aScience.
=650  \0$aChamber wall.
=650  \0$aBeam monitor system.
=650  \0$aIonization chamber.
=650  \0$aChamber gas.
=650  14$aNeutron capture therapy.
=650  24$aMixed field of neutrons and gamma rays.
=650  24$aBeam monitor system.
=650  24$aIonization chamber.
=650  24$aChamber wall.
=650  24$aChamber gas.
=700  1\$aMaruhashi, A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13432.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13433
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13433$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13433$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aHD62.15
=082  04$a658.5/62$223
=100  1\$aKotiluoto, P.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aVerification of MultiTrans Calculations by the VENUS-3 Benchmark Experiment /$cP. Kotiluoto.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aThe MultiTrans software has been developed at VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland for 3D radiation transport problems. Adaptive tree multigrid technique is used as a deterministic solution method. This enables local refinement of the calculation grid combined with the use of effective multigrid acceleration on tree-structured nested grids: starting from a fast solution on coarse grid, successive solutions are obtained on finer and finer grids. In the MultiTrans code, simplified spherical harmonics (SP3) radiation transport approximation is used. In order to test the applicability of the new MultiTrans code to reactor dosimetry problems, light water reactor pressure vessel steel (LWR-PVS) benchmark experiment VENUS-3 (with partial length shielded assemblies) was chosen. The results show good agreement to the experimental reaction rates of the VENUS-3 benchmark, demonstrating the applicability of the new MultiTrans code in reactor dosimetry.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aOrganizational effectiveness.
=650  \0$aTotal quality management.
=650  \0$aVENUS-3 benchmark.
=650  \0$aMultiTrans.
=650  \0$aTree multigrids.
=650  \0$aRadiation transport.
=650  \0$aReactor dosimetry.
=650  14$aMultiTrans.
=650  24$aRadiation transport.
=650  24$aReactor dosimetry.
=650  24$aTree multigrids.
=650  24$aVENUS-3 benchmark.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13433.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13434
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13434$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13434$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC793.5.N42
=082  04$a539.7213$223
=100  1\$aBlue, TE.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aNeutron Damage in SiC Semiconductor Radiation Detectors in the GT-MHR /$cTE. Blue, B. Lohan, B. Khorsandi, DW. Miller.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b5
=520  3\$aAs a part of a U.S. Department of Energy Nuclear Engineering Research Initiative (NERI) project, we are evaluating the potential for using silicon carbide (SiC) semiconductor radiation detectors, operating in the pulse mode, as power monitors for gas turbine modular helium reactor (GT-MHR) [1]. Locations for the power monitors will be selected considering acceptable detector count rates and lifetimes. We have characterized the radiation environment at various locations in the GT-MHR, where detectors may be placed, in terms of the 1 MeV equivalent neutron flux in SiC (φeq,1 MeV, SiCTotal). Also, we have characterized the radiation field in beam part 1 (BP1) of the Ohio State University Research Reactor (OSURR) in these same terms, with the intent of correlating observed degradation of the SiC detectors in the OSURR to the degradation that can be expected for various detector locations in the GT-MHR. Comparing φeq,1 MeV, SiCTotal for the GT-MHR and for the OSURR, we conclude that SiC devices cannot be adequately tested in the characterization vessel in OSURR BP1 for the radiation damage that would be incurred over a refueling cycle for detectors placed in-core. Also, we note that the radiation environment in the OSURR BP1 is harder than the radiation environment in the GT-MHR.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aNuclear reactors.
=650  \0$aScience.
=650  14$aGT-MHR.
=650  24$aDisplacement damage kerma factor.
=650  24$a1 MeV equivalent neutron fulx.
=650  24$aMCNP.
=700  1\$aLohan, B.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKhorsandi, B.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMiller, DW.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13434.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13437
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13437$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13437$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC793.5.N462
=082  04$a539.7/213$223
=100  1\$aNikolaenko, VA.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEvaluation of Diamond Detectors for Fast Neutron Fluence Measurements in WWER-1000 Surveillance Assemblies /$cVA. Nikolaenko, SM. Zaritsky, IV. Bachuchin.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aThe commonly used method of WWER-1000 surveillance dosimetry is based on the measurement of 54Mn absolute activity in the material of surveillance specimens. Special procedures are necessary for the determination of the spectral index for each specimen, which depends on surveillance assembly orientation in the reactor during the irradiation period, and for fluence extrapolation beyond several 54Mn half-life periods taking into account the detailed local power history in the core periphery. The application of the diamond detectors technique is proposed as an alternative method of fast neutron fluence determination. These detectors are located in the surveillance containers as irradiation temperature monitors. The diamond lattice extends under the influence of neutron irradiation, and it allows the fluence measurements after corresponding calibration. The calibration of diamond detectors was carried out using fluence data for 123 surveillance containers irradiated in different WWER-1000 reactors for different fluences. Some results of fluence measurements carried out by two methods are compared.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aDiamond detectors.
=650  \0$aActivity.
=650  14$aWWER-1000.
=650  24$aSurveillance specimens.
=650  24$aFast neutron dosimetry.
=650  24$aManganese-54.
=650  24$aActivity.
=650  24$aDiamond detectors.
=650  24$aDiamond lattice extension.
=700  1\$aZaritsky, SM.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBachuchin, IV.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13437.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13438
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13438$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13438$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC793.5.N42
=082  04$a539.7213$223
=100  1\$aFernandes, AC.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aNeutron and Photon Dosimetry at the LR-0 Reactor Using Paired Detectors /$cAC. Fernandes, E. Novák, J. Cardoso, L. Santos, JG. Marques, V. Rýpar.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aPaired thermoluminescence dosimeters and ionization chambers were used for characterizing mixed (neutron and photon) radiation fields at the LR-0, a zero power model of VVER reactors. Detector responses were investigated in standard photon and thermal neutron fields. A good agreement was obtained among the doses measured with the two methods. Furthermore, the measured photon and neutron attenuation values are consistent with those from evaluated, independent data.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aNuclear reactors.
=650  \0$aScience.
=650  \0$aIonization chambers.
=650  \0$aMixed fields.
=650  \0$aReactor dosimetry.
=650  14$aReactor dosimetry.
=650  24$aMixed fields.
=650  24$aIonization chambers.
=650  24$aThermoluminescence dosimeters.
=700  1\$aNovák, E.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aCardoso, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSantos, L.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMarques, JG.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRýpar, V.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13438.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13439
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13439$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13439$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK9185.A1
=082  04$a621.4833$223
=100  1\$aWagemans, J.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aReactor Dosimetry with Niobium /$cJ. Wagemans, L. Borms, M. Willekens, J. Oeyen, A. Moens, V. Kochkin.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aThe main advantages of using niobium in reactor dosimetry are briefly summarized. Some experimental aspects and complications of niobium dosimetry are discussed. Special techniques can be applied to overcome most of these problems. Particular concern has to be given to the detector calibration for the X-ray measurements. The main problem however, embrittlement of pure niobium under intense neutron irradiation, is still not solved. For this purpose a new type of material (Al-10%Nb alloy) was prepared. Although testing of this material is still ongoing, preliminary results are promising. This material moreover does not necessarily require applying special techniques for the X-ray measurements. Finally it is explained that niobium is a suitable material for the determination of thermal and epithermal fluences in high flux environments.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aNuclear reactors$xMaterials$xEffect of radiation on.
=650  \0$aRadiation dosimetry.
=650  \0$aNeutron fluence.
=650  \0$aNiobium.
=650  \0$aNeutron activation.
=650  \0$aNeutron dosimetry.
=650  14$aNeutron dosimetry.
=650  24$aNiobium.
=650  24$aNeutron activation.
=650  24$aNeutron fluence.
=700  1\$aBorms, L.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWillekens, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aOeyen, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMoens, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKochkin, V.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13439.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13441
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13441$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13441$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK9185.A1
=082  04$a621.4833$223
=100  1\$aBorodkin, G.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aReactor Dosimetry Issues During Justification of Extension of Service Life of Nonrestorable Equipment of Russian VVER /$cG. Borodkin, N. Khrennikov, A. Dmitriev, M. Miroshnichenko, V. Grivizirsky.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aReactor dosimetry issues have been analyzed in every aspect of extension of service life of non-restorable equipment of the Russian Vodo-Vodianoy Energetichesky Reactor (rus.) (VVER)-type reactors. A special attention has been focused on the role of neutron fluence and fluence rate uncertainties in prediction of the lifetime of the equipment. Results of analysis of service life justification of the first generation VVERs have been presented. A comparison of calculational and experimental dosimetry results are discussed in this paper. Usefulness of the Niobium-93 technique of fluence measurements as applied to template and trepan specimen dosimetry is especially emphasized in this paper.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aNuclear reactors$xMaterials$xEffect of radiation on.
=650  \0$aRadiation dosimetry.
=650  \0$aFluence.
=650  \0$aService life.
=650  \0$aPressure vessel.
=650  \0$aCalculation.
=650  \0$aSupport structures.
=650  \0$aReactor dosimetry.
=650  14$aReactor dosimetry.
=650  24$aVVER.
=650  24$aService life.
=650  24$aPressure vessel.
=650  24$aSupport structures.
=650  24$aFluence.
=650  24$aCalculation.
=700  1\$aKhrennikov, N.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDmitriev, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMiroshnichenko, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGrivizirsky, V.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13441.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13443
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13443$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13443$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC793.5.N42
=082  04$a539.7213$223
=100  1\$aPlaschy, M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDetermination of Adjusted Neutron Spectra in Different MUSE Configurations by Unfolding Techniques /$cM. Plaschy, C. Destouches, R. Chawla, D. Beretz, F. Mellier, H. Servière, P. Fougeras, P. Chaussonnet, C. Domergue, J-M Laurens, H. Philibert.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aInvestigations of spectrum adjustment by unfolding techniques for different locations of critical and driven subscritical MUSE4 configurations are presented. The current analysis is based on the recent accomplishment of specific foil activation measurements and on the use of the unfolding code STAY'SL in conjunction with IRDF-90 and IRDF-2002 dosimetry libraries. Specific developments have been conducted to consider the uncertainties associated with the determination of the experimental absolute reaction rates and the initial calculated spectrum in the most realistic manner. In this context, the iterative adjustment process for the neutron spectrum is established on the basis of variance/covariance matrices defined for the three types of input parameters, i.e., the experimental reaction rates, the initial spectrum, and the dosimetry nuclear data files. The results highlight the spectral variations between different locations of the MUSE4 cores, in particular the characteristic behavior of a subcritical configuration driven by an external T(d,n)He4 (14 MeV neutrons) source.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aNuclear reactors.
=650  \0$aScience.
=650  \0$aThreshold reactions.
=650  \0$aSpectrum adjustment.
=650  14$aSpectrum adjustment.
=650  24$aActivation measurements.
=650  24$aThreshold reactions.
=650  24$aMUSE.
=650  24$aSTAY'SL.
=650  24$aIRDF.
=700  1\$aDestouches, C.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aChawla, R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBeretz, D.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMellier, F.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aServière, H.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFougeras, P.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aChaussonnet, P.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDomergue, C.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLaurens, J-M,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPhilibert, H.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13443.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13451
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13451$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13451$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC793.5.N462
=082  04$a539.7/213$223
=100  1\$aThornton, DA.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aRetrospective Measurement of Neutron Activation within the Pressure Circuit Steelwork of a Magnox Reactor and Comparison with Prediction /$cDA. Thornton, C. Thiruarooran, DA. Allen, AM. Harris, CG. Holmes, CR. Harvey.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b6
=520  3\$aThis paper describes a retrospective measurement of neutron activation rates within steel standpipe penetrations of the pressure circuit of the Wylfa nuclear power plant. This was carried out in support of neutron dose calculations. Samples were taken from a length of irradiated thermocouple cable and counted for the fast neutron reactions 54Fe(n,p) 54Mn, and 58Ni(n,p) 58Co, and the thermal neutron reactions 59Co(n,γ) 60Co, 58Fe(n,γ) 59Fe, and 50Cr(n,γ) 50Cr. By isolating clean sheath material and performing elemental analysis, it was possible to obtain absolute neutron flux data from the measurements over a broad range of locations. The measured data were compared with results obtained from a Monte Carlo calculation performed with the code mcbend. Structure observed within the measured and calculated thermal neutron flux distributions was used to confirm the position of the thermocouple samples relative to the reactor geometry. The measurements show that the calculations consistently over-predict fast and thermal neutron reactions. It is concluded that the model predicts spectra without significant bias, and consequently, that the standpipe dose recommendations are similarly over-predicted.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMcbend.
=650  \0$aMonte Carlo.
=650  \0$aMagnox power plant.
=650  14$aRetrospective dosimetry.
=650  24$aMagnox power plant.
=650  24$aMonte Carlo.
=650  24$aMcbend.
=700  1\$aThiruarooran, C.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAllen, DA.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHarris, AM.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHolmes, CG.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHarvey, CR.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13451.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13452
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13452$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13452$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD383.S54
=082  04$a668.4/227$223
=100  1\$aRuddy, FH.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFast Neutron Dosimetry and Spectrometry Using Silicon Carbide Semiconductor Detectors /$cFH. Ruddy, JG. Seidel, AR. Dulloo.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aSilicon carbide semiconductor neutron detectors have been irradiated with 252Cf fission neutrons, thermal-neutron induced fission neutrons from 235U, and 14-MeV neutrons from a deuterium-tritium neutron generator. In the latter case, reaction peaks corresponding to 12C(n, α)9Be and 28Si(n, α)25Mg reactions have been observed. Multiple reaction branches to the 25Mg ground state and several excited states are observed for the 28Si(n, α)25Mg reaction, and the detector energy calibration for these reactions can be derived from the peak positions. Although only the ground state branch is observed for the 12C(n, α)9Be reaction, the shift of the reaction energy with angle relative to the 14-MeV source can be used to derive an energy scale based on this reaction. These energy response measurements will form the basis for neutron spectrum unfolding methods for inferring incident neutron energy spectra from the resulting recoil-ion energy spectra in silicon carbide detectors.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSilicon polymers.
=650  \0$aElastomers.
=650  \0$aSilicon carbide.
=650  \0$aDetector.
=650  \0$aSemiconductor.
=650  \0$aNeutrons.
=650  \0$aDosimetry.
=650  \0$aSpectrometry.
=650  14$aSilicon carbide.
=650  24$aSemiconductor.
=650  24$aNeutrons.
=650  24$aDetector.
=650  24$aSpectrometry.
=650  24$aDosimetry.
=700  1\$aSeidel, JG.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDulloo, AR.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13452.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13454
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13454$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13454$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK9185.A1
=082  04$a621.4833$223
=100  1\$aKim, DH.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aBenchmark on the 3-D VENUS-2 MOX-Fueled Reactor Dosimetry Calculations by DANTSYS Code System /$cDH. Kim, C-S Gil, J. Chang.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aThe benchmark calculation for the 3-D VENUS-2 MOX-fueled reactor dosimetry has been performed by the TRANSX/DANTSYS code system. The nuclear data from the ENDF/B-VI.8, JENDL-3.3, and JEFF-3.0 have been processed for the MATXS-format 199-group neutron libraries by NJOY99.90. The equivalent fission fluxes at the 34 measurement positions on the core mid-plane have been calculated using the dosimetry reaction rates for the 58Ni(n,p), 115In(n,n'), 103Rh(n,n'), 64Zn(n,p), 237Np(n,f), and 27Al(n,α) detectors. The estimated results by the JENDL-3.3 and JEFF-3.0 have been compared with those by the ENDF/B-VI.8.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aNuclear reactors$xMaterials$xEffect of radiation on.
=650  \0$aRadiation dosimetry.
=650  \0$aIRDF-90 version 2.
=650  14$aVENUS-2.
=650  24$aDANTSYS.
=650  24$aNJOY99.90.
=650  24$aENDF/B-VI.8.
=650  24$aJENDL-3.3.
=650  24$aJEFF-3.0.
=650  24$aIRDF-90 version 2.
=700  1\$aGil, C-S,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aChang, J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13454.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13455
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13455$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13455$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN693.I7
=082  04$a669/.96142$223
=100  1\$aCarcreff, H.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDosimetry Requirements for Pressure Vessel Steels Toughness Curve in the Ductile to Brittle Range /$cH. Carcreff, A. Alberman, L. Barbot, F. Rozenblum, D. Beretz, YK. Lee.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b10
=520  3\$aAs part of PWR life-time assessment project, a large R&D program, PV-CT50, has been carried out from 1995 to 2004, to assess pressure vessel (PV) steel's toughness curve using very large compact tension (CT) specimens (50 × 125 × 120 mm3) allowing measurements in the ductile to brittle transition range. A new high capacity irradiation rig was designed to meet the specific CT50 specimens loading requirements in the 70 MWth OSIRIS material testing reactor operated by CEA's Nuclear Energy Division at the Saclay Research Center. This paper presents the measurement and calculation developments required in these particular conditions. Spectrum characteristics and neutron flux levels were determined by a comprehensive dosimetry on mock-ups featuring activation foils and damage monitors. At the same time, a new calculation methodology based on the TRIPOLI-4.3 Monte Carlo code and IRDF-2002 dosimetry files was validated against calorimetric and neutron activation measurements.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSteel $xMetallography.
=650  \0$aSteel $xMetallurgy.
=650  \0$aIrradiation rig.
=650  \0$aOSIRIS reactor.
=650  \0$aCT50 specimens.
=650  \0$aToughness.
=650  \0$aDamage dosimetry.
=650  14$aToughness.
=650  24$aCT50 specimens.
=650  24$aDamage dosimetry.
=650  24$aIrradiation rig.
=650  24$aOSIRIS reactor.
=650  24$aTRIPOLI 4.3 Monte Carlo code.
=700  1\$aAlberman, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBarbot, L.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRozenblum, F.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBeretz, D.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLee, YK.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13455.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13457
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13457$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13457$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC793.5.N42
=082  04$a539.7213$223
=100  1\$aBoehmer, B.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMeasurements and Monte Carlo Calculations of Gamma and Neutron Flux Spectra Inside and Behind Iron/Steel/Water Configurations /$cB. Boehmer, J. Konheiser, K. Noack, A. Rogov, I. Stephan, W. Hansen, D. Hinke, S. Unholzer, M. Grantz, H-C Mehner.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b17
=520  3\$aGamma and neutron flux spectra were measured inside and behind various combined iron, steel, and water slabs, which were set up in the radial beams of the zero-power training and research reactors Ausbildungskernreaktor of the Technical University Dresden and Zittauer Lehr- und Forschungsreaktor of the University of Applied Sciences Zittau/Goerlitz. The measurements were carried out with a liquid NE-213 scintillation spectrometer in the energy ranges 0.23–10 MeV for photons and 1–20 MeV for neutrons. These experiments were simulated with the Monte Carlo transport codes mcnp-4c2 and tramo. With mcnp the point-wise energy representation of the nuclear data from endf/b-vi library, release 8, was used. For tramo effective group cross sections were prepared by means of njoy from the same data library. The paper describes the experiments and calculations and presents and compares some results.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aNuclear reactors.
=650  \0$aScience.
=650  \0$aMonte Carlo method.
=650  14$aNeutron/gamma flux spectra.
=650  24$aNE-213 scintillation spectrometer.
=650  24$aNeutron/gamma transport calculations.
=650  24$aMonte Carlo method.
=650  24$aMcnp.
=650  24$aTramo.
=700  1\$aKonheiser, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNoack, K.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRogov, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aStephan, I.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHansen, W.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHinke, D.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aUnholzer, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGrantz, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMehner, H-C,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13457.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13458
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13458$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13458$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aHD62.15
=082  04$a658.5/62$223
=100  1\$aLippincott, EP.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAdvances in Calculation of Fluence to Reactor Structures /$cEP. Lippincott, MP. Manahan.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b3
=520  3\$aAccurate calculation of fluence to reactor structures involves integration of exposure over time taking into account changes in operating conditions and also estimation of the uncertainty in the calculation process. This paper reports on recent improvements we have made in calculation techniques and also on validation of those techniques by benchmarking against measurements in operating boiling water reactors (BWRs). Results and discussion of calculations in regions that fall outside the reactor beltline and thus require 3-D calculations to produce accurate results are presented.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aOrganizational effectiveness.
=650  \0$aTotal quality management.
=650  \0$aExposure.
=650  \0$aBenchmarking.
=650  \0$aBoiling water reactor.
=650  \0$aReactor structures.
=650  14$aNeutron fluence determination.
=650  24$aReactor structures.
=650  24$aExposure.
=650  24$aBoiling water reactor.
=650  24$aBenchmarking.
=700  1\$aManahan, MP.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13458.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13460
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13460$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13460$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC793.5.N42
=082  04$a539.7213$223
=100  1\$aBorodkin, G.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDeterministic and Monte Carlo Neutron Transport Calculation for Greifswald-1 and Comparison with Ex-vessel Measured Data /$cG. Borodkin, N. Khrennikov, B. Böhmer, K. Noack, J. Konheiser.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aThe results of a study of neutron and gamma field functionals derived by deterministic Sn and Monte Carlo calculation methods and by neutron activation measurements in application to the ex-vessel cavity of the VVER-440 reactor Greifswald-1 are presented. A good agreement of deterministic and stochastic calculation results with each other as well as with measurement results was found for neutron threshold detector reaction rates at ex-vessel positions. The influence of different numbers of cross-sectional groups on the calculation results is demonstrated.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aNuclear reactors.
=650  \0$aScience.
=650  14$aVVER.
=650  24$aNeutron-gamma transport calculation.
=650  24$aEx-vessel activation measurements.
=700  1\$aKhrennikov, N.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBöhmer, B.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNoack, K.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKonheiser, J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13460.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13461
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13461$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13461$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQA188
=082  04$a512.9/434$223
=100  1\$aBroadhead, BL.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aGeneralized Linear Least-Squares Adjustment, Revisited /$cBL. Broadhead, ML. Williams, JJ. Wagschal.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b19
=520  3\$aTsurfer, a generalized linear least-squares (Glls) code, is a new module of the SCALE system. After a short introduction outlining the history and applications of the Glls methodology in reactor physics, a new application of the Glls methodology in criticality safety is discussed. Some characteristic Tsurfer input data are discussed in detail.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMatrix inversion.
=650  \0$aForms, Quadratic.
=650  \0$aEndf/b.
=650  \0$aLepricon.
=650  \0$aRejection.
=650  \0$aUncertainities.
=650  \0$aAdjustment.
=650  \0$aInconsistency.
=650  14$aTsurfer.
=650  24$aScale.
=650  24$aGLLS.
=650  24$aAdjustment.
=650  24$aUncertainities.
=650  24$aLepricon.
=650  24$aInconsistency.
=650  24$aRejection.
=650  24$aEndf/b.
=650  24$aICSBEP.
=700  1\$aWilliams, ML.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWagschal, JJ.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13461.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13462
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13462$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13462$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.9.N35
=082  04$a620.5$223
=100  1\$aSlater, CO.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aShielding Calculations for the Upgrade of the HFIR HB 2 Beam Line /$cCO. Slater, DL. Selby, JA. Bucholz, JL. Robertson, ML. Crow.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b6
=520  3\$aExperimental facilities at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory's High Flux Isotope Reactor are being upgraded through the redesign of beam tubes supplying neutrons to those facilities. In support of the shield design for one of the beam lines HB-2, calculations were performed to determine dose rates outside the shielding as well as background radiation levels at various locations around the instrumentation. Low-power (10 % power) as well as full-power measurements were made at key locations, and calculated results were compared with corresponding measured results. This paper describes the calculations and compares the measured and calculated results. Most of the measured results, when normalized to the full-operating-power level, compared favorably with the calculated results. One differed by a factor of 2.5, and another differed by a factor of 6. Based on this agreement, one can infer that reasonable calculations for some three-dimensional shield designs can be performed using two-dimensional methods and two-dimensional approximations to the three-dimensional geometry. The results confirmed the adequacy of the design.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aNanostructured materials.
=650  \0$aNanostructures.
=650  \0$aBeam line.
=650  \0$aMonte Carlo.
=650  \0$aDiscrete ordinates.
=650  \0$aDose measurements.
=650  \0$aDose rates.
=650  14$aShielding calculations.
=650  24$aHFIR.
=650  24$aDose rates.
=650  24$aDose measurements.
=650  24$aBeam line.
=650  24$aDiscrete ordinates.
=650  24$aMonte Carlo.
=700  1\$aSelby, DL.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBucholz, JA.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRobertson, JL.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aCrow, ML.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13462.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13467
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13467$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13467$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK7895.M4
=082  04$a621.39/732$223
=100  1\$aLu, Wei,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSpallation Radiation Damage Calculations and Database :$bCross-Section Discrepancies between the Codes /$cWei Lu, MS. Wechsler, PD. Ferguson, EJ. Pitcher.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b18
=520  3\$aA radiation damage database at NCSU is described that contains, at present, cross sections for damage energy, displacements, helium, and hydrogen. For neutrons and protons at 20-3200 MeV energies, the targets include 23 target elements from Mg to U and eight practical alloys. The underlying calculations employ Bertini, ISABEL, and CEM2k intranuclear cascade models as provided within MCNPX, three level-density formulations (GCCI, HETC, and Jülich), and multistage pre-equilibrium model (MPM) on and off. The database also includes radiation damage cross sections for lower-energy neutrons and protons, as obtained from LA150, SPECTER, ENDF, and SRIM. Examples of the database contents are provided with regard to damage energy and displacement cross sections for neutrons on Al, Fe, and W. Also, neutron flux and displacement rate calculations are described for neutrons on Fe and the 316 stainless steel mercury container vessel at SNS. In addition, discrepancies between the codes are discussed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aRadiation dosimetry.
=650  \0$aNuclear physics.
=650  \0$aDatabase.
=650  \0$aRadiation damage.
=650  \0$aAluminum.
=650  \0$aIron.
=650  \0$aNeutron irradiation.
=650  \0$aProton irradiation.
=650  \0$aSpallation.
=650  \0$aTungsten.
=650  \0$aCross sections.
=650  \0$aDisplacements.
=650  \0$aFlux.
=650  \0$aDamage energy.
=650  14$aAluminum.
=650  24$aCodes.
=650  24$aDamage energy.
=650  24$aCross sections.
=650  24$aDatabase.
=650  24$aDisplacements.
=650  24$aFlux.
=650  24$aIron.
=650  24$aNeutron irradiation.
=650  24$aProton irradiation.
=650  24$aRadiation damage.
=650  24$aSpallation.
=650  24$aTungsten.
=700  1\$aWechsler, MS.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFerguson, PD.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPitcher, EJ.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13467.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13469
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13469$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13469$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTL789.85.A1
=082  04$a629.45/0082/0973$223
=100  1\$aRemec, I.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aProton Induced Activation in Mercury :$bComparison of Measurements and Calculations /$cI. Remec, DC. Glasgow, JR. Haines, JO. Johnson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b6
=520  3\$aMeasurements and simulations of the proton beam interaction with the mercury target were performed to support Spallation Neutron Source design. Due to the abundance of isotopes produced in mercury, the long delay between the irradiation and the measurements, and the self-shielding of the mercury sample, the measurements were difficult to perform and the activities of several isotopes have large uncertainties. Calculations predicted the activities of the most reliably measured isotopes within 20%–40%; however, some large discrepancies were observed for some isotopes for which the measurements were considered less reliable. Predicted dose rates were in very good agreement with the measurements.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aWomen astronauts.
=650  \0$aMercury-Programm.
=650  \0$aDose rate.
=650  \0$aProton beam.
=650  \0$aActivation.
=650  \0$aGamma rays.
=650  \0$aMercury.
=650  14$aProton beam.
=650  24$aMercury.
=650  24$aActivation.
=650  24$aMCNPX.
=650  24$aGamma rays.
=650  24$aDose rate.
=700  1\$aGlasgow, DC.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHaines, JR.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aJohnson, JO.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13469.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13474
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13474$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13474$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC793.5.N42
=082  04$a539.7213$223
=100  1\$aHeimbach, CR.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Neutron Spectrum of NBS-1 /$cCR. Heimbach.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b8
=520  3\$aA proposed set of photonuclear cross sections was used to calculate the neutron spectrum of a RaBe photoneutron source. The calculation used the gamma rays from 226Ra in equilibrium as a driver, transported the gamma rays through the materials of the source, calculated neutron production, and subsequent neutron scattering. The calculation produced 27 % more neutrons than measured, and predicted relatively more low-energy neutrons.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aNuclear reactors.
=650  \0$aScience.
=650  \0$aSpectrum.
=650  \0$aCalibration.
=650  \0$aNeutron.
=650  \0$aPhotoneutron.
=650  14$aCalibration.
=650  24$aNeutron.
=650  24$aNBS-1.
=650  24$aSpectrum.
=650  24$aPhotoneutron.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13474.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13475
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13475$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13475$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.52
=082  04$a620.1/1296$223
=100  1\$aHolden, NE.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aRadiation Dosimetry in the BNCT Patient Treatment Room at the Brookhaven Medical Research Reactor /$cNE. Holden, RN. Reciniello, J-P Hu.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b10
=520  3\$aThe BMRR was a 3 MW light water reactor that had an epithermal neutron beam that was used to perform clinical trials on patients with malignant brain tumors. A series of measurements and calculations had been performed in the treatment room both prior to the trials and during the trials. The details of the measurements and the Monte Carlo calculations are presented and compared.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMaterials$xThermal properties.
=650  \0$aMicrostructure.
=650  \0$aThermodynamics.
=650  \0$aGamma dose.
=650  \0$aNeutron dose.
=650  \0$aEpithermal neutrons.
=650  14$aBNCT.
=650  24$aBMRR.
=650  24$aNeutron dose.
=650  24$aGamma dose.
=650  24$aEpithermal neutrons.
=700  1\$aReciniello, RN.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHu, J-P,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13475.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13481
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13481$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13481$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC793.5.N42
=082  04$a539.7213$223
=100  1\$aOšmera, B.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aExperimental and Calculation Investigations of the Space-Energy Neutron and Photon Distribution in the Vicinity of Reactor Pressure Vessel and Surveillance Specimen Box of New Type in the WWER-1000 Mock-Up /$cB. Ošmera, M. Mařík, F. Cvachovec, V. Tsofin, S. Lomakin, S. Zaritsky, A. Egorov, E. Brodkin.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (5 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b4
=520  3\$aThe radiation field parameters in the vicinity of new type of WWER-1000 surveillance specimens boxes and in RPV simulator have been investigated in the WWER-1000 Mock-up in the reactor LR-0. The neutron and photon spectra have been measured with stilbene cylindrical crystals in the energy range approximately from 0.5 MeV to 10 MeV. The experimental values of integral neutron field parameters (attenuations of integral neutron flux densities between different points of mock-up as well as the spectral indices, i.e., ratios of integral neutron flux densities with different thresholds) were obtained also. The mock-up (LR-0 reactor) power monitoring during measurements was carried out with two fission chambers, one fixed, one moveable axially, so that four orders in power were covered. The experimental data (spectra, attenuation factors, and spectral indices) have been compared with the calculation results. The sensitivity to parameters of calculation model and method was evaluated also.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aNuclear reactors.
=650  \0$aScience.
=650  \0$aPhoton distribution.
=650  \0$aWWER-1000 mock-up.
=650  \0$aLR-0 research reactor.
=650  14$aSpace-energy neutron distribution.
=650  24$aPhoton distribution.
=650  24$aReactor pressure vessel.
=650  24$aSurveillance specimens.
=650  24$aWWER-1000 mock-up.
=650  24$aLR-0 research reactor.
=700  1\$aMařík, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aCvachovec, F.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTsofin, V.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLomakin, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aZaritsky, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aEgorov, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBrodkin, E.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13481.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13482
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13482$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13482$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK7895.M4
=082  04$a621.39/732$223
=100  1\$aRemec, I.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCharacterization of the Neutron Field in the HSSI Reusable Irradiation Facility at the Ford Nuclear Reactor /$cI. Remec, TM. Rosseel, ED. Blakeman, CA. Baldwin, DW. Heatherly, KR. Thoms.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b6
=520  3\$aThe characterization of the neutron environment in a reusable facility for irradiation of metallurgical specimens, located at the Ford Nuclear reactor in Michigan, was performed with a combination of transport calculations, extensive dosimeter measurements, and neutron spectrum adjustment. The average difference between the calculated and “measured” reaction rates was ∼7% (the calculations underpredicted the measurements), and the average absolute difference was ∼10%. Therefore, the calculations and measurements agreed very well. The flexible facility performed excellently during several years of operation but was discontinued when the Ford reactor ceased operation. The heavy-section steel irradiation (HSSI) program is taking the initial steps toward selecting a site for a new irradiation facility, similar to the one described here.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aNuclear physics.
=650  \0$aRadiation dosimetry.
=650  \0$aNeutron irradiation.
=650  \0$aEmbrittlement.
=650  \0$aDosimetry.
=650  14$aNeutron irradiation.
=650  24$aEmbrittlement.
=650  24$aTORT.
=650  24$aDosimetry.
=700  1\$aRosseel, TM.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBlakeman, ED.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBaldwin, CA.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHeatherly, DW.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aThoms, KR.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13482.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13484
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13484$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13484$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD466
=082  04$a546$223
=100  1\$aHolden, NE.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSurvey of the Latest Evaluated Nuclear Data /$cNE. Holden.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b19
=520  3\$aThe results of a review and evaluation of nuclear data published in the scientific literature are presented. The status of new chemical elements that have been discovered and officially named and the latest data for new elements that have been claimed are examined. Half lives of very long-lived nuclides are presented. Data on the very heavy elements are tabulated. The problems presented by the attempt to estimate errors for the various nuclear data are considered as well as the psychological aspect of error estimation are also discussed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aChemical elements $xPictorial works.
=650  \0$aPeriodic law$xTables.
=650  \0$aErrors.
=650  \0$aHalf lives.
=650  \0$aNew chemical elements.
=650  \0$aSuperheavy elements.
=650  14$aHalf lives.
=650  24$aNew chemical elements.
=650  24$aSuperheavy elements.
=650  24$aErrors.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13484.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13485
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13485$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13485$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP261.H9
=082  04$a333.79/68$223
=100  1\$aGreenwood, LR.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aGas Production in Reactor Materials /$cLR. Greenwood.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aThis paper presents an overview of the principal nuclear reactions that are known to produce hydrogen and helium in irradiated materials and a summary of the comparison of measurements with predictions in various reactors. Hydrogen and helium are produced in all reactor materials by fast neutron reactions which typically have thresholds above 4 MeV. Selected elements also have thermal neutron gas production reactions that can be quite prolific, such as 6Li, 10B, and 14N, and there are a number of elements which produce transmutation products that have high thermal neutron gas production cross sections, most notably 59Ni produced by irradiation of Ni and 65Zn produced by irradiation of Cu or Zn. Since gas production cross sections are isotope-specific, gas production rates can change during irradiation due to transmutation effects or initial rates can be modified by isotopic tailoring of reactor materials.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHydrogen $xResearch.
=650  \0$aFuel cells$xResearch.
=650  \0$aHydrogen.
=650  14$aHelium.
=650  24$aHydrogen.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13485.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13487
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13487$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13487$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC793.5.N42
=082  04$a539.7213$223
=100  1\$aBrumovsky, M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAttenuation of Radiation Damage and Neutron Field in Reactor Pressure Vessel Wall /$cM. Brumovsky, M. Marek, L. Zerola, L. Viererbl, VN. Golovanov, VV. Lichadeyev, BM. Raetsky, AL. Petelin.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b4
=520  3\$aIn the paper the large-scale irradiation experiment is described. It is aimed at the experimental assessment of the effect of reactor pressure vessel wall on neutron flux, neutron energy spectrum as well as irradiation embrittlement through the vessel wall. The experiment was realized within the IAEA Technical cooperation project. The irradiation was performed in the RIAR, Dimitrovgrad, Russian Federation, under the coordination by the Nuclear Research Institute Rez plc, Rez, Czech Republic. Mechanical testing and neutron dosimetry will be performed in both organizations with the larger part in the coordinating institute.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aNuclear reactors.
=650  \0$aScience.
=650  \0$aSurveillance.
=650  \0$aRPV spectrum.
=650  \0$aNeutron dosimetry.
=650  14$aSurveillance.
=650  24$aRPV spectrum.
=650  24$aNeutron dosimetry.
=700  1\$aMarek, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aZerola, L.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aViererbl, L.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGolovanov, VN.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLichadeyev, VV.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRaetsky, BM.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPetelin, AL.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13487.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13488
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13488$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13488$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA660.J64
=082  04$a624.1/77$223
=100  1\$aPevey, RE.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCoarse-Mesh Adjoint Biasing of a Monte Carlo Dose Calculation /$cRE. Pevey, LF. Miller, WJ. Marshall, LW. Townsend, B. Alvord.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b6
=520  3\$aDeep penetration radiation transport calculations have been performed to determine the dose rates at a positron emission tomography (PET) facility in China. The radiation source is a cyclotron that is used for the production of the PET isotopes, with a labyrinthine concrete wall arrangement to minimize dose to operation personnel. Since directionally biased Monte Carlo calculations did not reach an acceptably low standard error after a week of CPU time, approximate adjoint fluxes were calculated for each of four detector locations using coarse-mesh adjoint discrete ordinates calculations and were used to bias the Monte Carlo calculations. This biasing resulted in improved computational efficiency of a factor of one to three orders of magnitude. This result shows the value of even approximate adjoint flux biasing to speed up Monte Carlo calculations.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aJoints (Engineering)
=650  \0$aAdjoint biasing.
=650  \0$aIsotope production.
=650  \0$aMonte Carlo.
=650  \0$aDiscrete ordinates.
=650  14$aIsotope production.
=650  24$aMonte Carlo.
=650  24$aDiscrete ordinates.
=650  24$aAdjoint biasing.
=700  1\$aMiller, LF.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMarshall, WJ.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTownsend, LW.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAlvord, B.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13488.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13489
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13489$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13489$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC793.5.N42
=082  04$a539.7213$223
=100  1\$aBelousov, SI.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSensitivity Analysis and Neutron Fluence Adjustment for VVER-440 RPV /$cSI. Belousov, KD. Ilieva, VL. Matushko.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aAdjustment of the neutron fluence on the VVER-440 reactor pressure vessel (RPV) inner wall has been carried out. For the purpose of this adjustment the neutron flux responses' sensitivity to the main parameters of calculation uncertainty has been calculated. The obtained sensitivities, the parameters uncertainty, and activity measurement data of iron, copper, and niobium detectors positioned behind the RPV of Kozloduy NPP Unit 1 have been used in this adjustment.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aNuclear reactors.
=650  \0$aScience.
=650  \0$aNeutron fluence.
=650  \0$aAdjustment.
=650  14$aNeutron fluence.
=650  24$aAdjustment.
=650  24$aReactor pressure vessel.
=700  1\$aIlieva, KD.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMatushko, VL.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13489.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13490
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13490$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13490$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aHD9660.H43
=082  04$a622$223
=100  1\$aGreenwood, LR.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aComparison of Predicted and Measured Helium Production in U.S. BWR Reactors /$cLR. Greenwood, BM. Oliver.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aHelium production in reactor steel is calculated as the summation of all neutron reactions that produce helium either with thermal or fast neutrons. Thermal helium production is due to elements or impurities that are known to have a thermal neutron cross section for helium production, including 10B and 59Ni. Fast neutrons produce helium in all materials due to the threshold (n, α) reactions as well as other reactions that include helium as one of the reaction products. A generalized equation is given for helium production in all reactor materials and comparisons are given for helium measurements in steel and inconel samples. The helium production calculated using the generalized equation is in good agreement with helium measurements in samples from BWR reactors. Simplified equations are given with numerical values and generic parameters to facilitate calculations. However, it is important to use the actual boron content when known to obtain reliable estimates of the helium production.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$ahelium.
=650  \0$aEconomic aspects.
=650  \0$aresearch and development.
=650  \0$aMining.
=650  14$aHelium.
=650  24$aBWR.
=700  1\$aOliver, BM.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13490.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13494
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13494$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13494$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC774.C43
=082  04$a530/.092$223
=100  1\$aBelousov, SI.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aValidation of the Neutron Fluence Calculation on the VVER-440 RPV Support Structure /$cSI. Belousov, KD. Ilieva, DL. Kirilova, BY. Petrov, E. Polke.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aMeasurements with activation detectors were carried out on Unit 4 of Kozloduy NPP in order to validate the fluence calculation data for the RPV support structure. Irradiation of iron, copper, and niobium detectors was performed during the 17th fuel cycle. The neutron fluence on the support structure and the activities of irradiated detectors were calculated by the three-dimensional transport code TORT with BGL440 multigroup cross section library. The history of local power distribution in the reactor core was taken into account. The measured and calculated induced activities are in good agreement in the area of the support structure. The calculated fluence evaluation in this area is conservative.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aneutron.
=650  \0$aAtomic bomb.
=650  \0$aNeutron fluence.
=650  \0$aSupport structure.
=650  \0$aValidation.
=650  14$aValidation.
=650  24$aNeutron fluence.
=650  24$aSupport structure.
=650  24$aReactor pressure vessel.
=700  1\$aIlieva, KD.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKirilova, DL.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPetrov, BY.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPolke, E.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13494.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13498
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13498$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13498$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRB170
=082  04$a616.07/1$223
=100  1\$aGatto, VJ.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aOxidation Fundamentals and Its Application to Turbine Oil Testing /$cVJ. Gatto, WE. Moehle, TW. Cobb, ER. Schneller.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (20 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b30
=520  3\$aThe current turbine oil oxidation bench tests have been in place for many years. Recently, however, the basestocks used to formulate these lubricants have changed significantly. Traditional basestocks, containing high levels of aromatics and sulfur, have been substantially displaced by more highly refined basestocks, which have very low levels of aromatics and almost no sulfur. Over time it has become clear that the oxidation performance of the different basestock classes is quite different. One key question, however, remains unanswered. “What modifications are required in current bench tests to adequately mimic oxidation processes in modern turbine lubricants?” In order to adequately address this critical question, the fundamentals of lubricant oxidation and stabilization will be discussed. Data will be presented on the oxidation of different basestocks under varying conditions of temperature, metal catalysts and antioxidant type, using model bulk oil oxidation tests. The data highlights the fundamental oxidation mechanisms that can occur in turbine oil systems and new test methods are proposed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aActive oxygen.
=650  \0$aMembrane lipids Peroxidation.
=650  \0$aCM-A (ASTM D 2070)
=650  \0$aSludge.
=650  \0$aBasestock.
=650  \0$aTurbine oil.
=650  \0$aOxidation.
=650  \0$aStabilization.
=650  \0$aBench tests.
=650  \0$aDeposits.
=650  \0$aMetal catalysts.
=650  \0$aAntioxidant.
=650  14$aOxidation.
=650  24$aStabilization.
=650  24$aDeposits.
=650  24$aSludge.
=650  24$aAntioxidant.
=650  24$aTurbine oil.
=650  24$aBasestock.
=650  24$aMetal catalysts.
=650  24$aBench tests.
=650  24$aASTM D 943.
=650  24$aASTM D 2272.
=650  24$aCM-A (ASTM D 2070)
=700  1\$aMoehle, WE.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aCobb, TW.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSchneller, ER.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13498.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13504
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13504$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13504$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRB170
=082  04$a616.07/1$223
=100  1\$aFitch, JC.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aReview of Degradation Mechanisms Leading to Sludge and Varnish in Modern Turbine Oil Formulations /$cJC. Fitch, S. Gebarin.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b15
=520  3\$aIn recent years, there has been an unusually large number of reported cases associated with varnish and sludge formation in turbine-generator and compressor applications using Group II turbine oil formulations. Explanations for these problems have varied but typically include Group I/Group II incompatibility, additive instability, bulk oil oxidation, adiabatic compressive heating, electrostatic discharge, among others. This paper reviews these failure pathways and discusses actual case history including root cause analysis. Analytical methods for the sludge/varnish and the degraded oil are also reviewed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aElectrical and Electronic Engineering.
=700  1\$aGebarin, S.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13504.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13507
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13507$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13507$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD341.A2
=082  04$a572/.33$223
=100  1\$aPach, M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEvaluation and Comparison Between Oxidation Stability Test Methods for Turbine Oils /$cM. Pach, HK. Zobel, T. Norrby.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aTraditionally, long established oxidation tests such as TOST (ASTM D 943-03) and RPVOT (ASTM D 2272-02) in combination with the acid number (ASTM D 974-03) test has been used to screen the oxidation stability of turbine oils. Lately, nevertheless, a new voltammetric method has been applied to measure the remaining useful life (RUL) of turbine oils, RULER™ (ASTM D 6971-03) as it uses microlitre amounts of sample and needs only a short testing time. The aim of this study is to examine the correlation between the RULER™ voltammetric test in comparison to the standing oxidation turbine methods, TOST and RPVOT. Three fully formulated commercially available oils were studied; two were based on synthetic esters and one was mineral oil based. In addition, other oils were tested in our laboratories in Norway and Sweden in order to investigate the correlation between RULER™ and RPVOT oxidation stability tests. Field samples were also used to evaluate those methods. Although those studies have been worthwhile, reaching a definite conclusion regarding correlations has proven to be somewhat difficult. It is clear, however, that by a careful methodology, a useful correlation for the investigated oil types may be obtained. For example, guide limits for RULER™ results and their correlation to RPVOT values were established.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHumic acid.
=650  \0$aCations.
=650  \0$aTurbine oil.
=650  \0$aAcid number.
=650  \0$aAntioxidants.
=650  \0$aModified dry-TOST.
=650  \0$aLinear voltammetry.
=650  \0$aOxidation stability.
=650  14$aOxidation stability.
=650  24$aAcid number.
=650  24$aTurbine oil.
=650  24$aModified dry-TOST.
=650  24$aRemaining useful life.
=650  24$aLinear voltammetry.
=650  24$aAntioxidants.
=650  24$aRULER™.
=650  24$aRPVOT.
=700  1\$aZobel, HK.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNorrby, T.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13507.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13508
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13508$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13508$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQP801.A66
=082  04$a612.3/9$223
=100  1\$aSitton, A.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aResidue Analysis on RPVOT Test Samples for Single and Multiple Antioxidants Chemistry for Turbine Lubricants /$cA. Sitton, J. Ameye, RE. Kauffman.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aAntioxidant chemistry is playing an important role in meeting the longer-life and higher temperature performance criteria of modern generation turbine lubricants. Oxidative life assessment is therefore an important parameter as part of today's turbine oil diagnostic services, where methods such as RPVOT, FTIR, and RULER are being applied. With this paper, we will discuss how RPVOT (per ASTM D 2272) testing of turbine lubricants with single antioxidant systems have much better reproducibility and repeatability than comparable RPVOT testing of oils with complex, synergistic mixtures of antioxidants. Both new and used turbine oils obtained from gas and steam turbines were used to assess the effects of antioxidant chemistry on the RPVOT results. In the first part of this research program, we present the analytical results for the residues remaining at the completion of the RPVOT tests of single component antioxidant oils. The RULER, varnish potential index (VPI), FTIR, AN, and viscosity analyses of the residues are very similar indicating that the residues contain no remaining antioxidants and have elevated levels of VPI, AN, viscosity, and FTIR oxidation, i.e., all of the RPVOT residues of the single antioxidant oils are highly oxidized when the test is ended based on oxygen uptake. In the second part, we present the analytical results for the RPVOT residues of complex mixture antioxidant oils. In contrast to the single antioxidant oils, the analytical tests of the complex antioxidant RPVOT residues indicate that the concentration of antioxidant and the level of oxidation varies with antioxidant formulation when the test is ended based on oxygen uptake. The results presented in this paper indicate that the effects of antioxidant chemistry on the residue content of RPVOT tests help explain the poor reproducibility of the RPVOT tests for turbine oils containing different types of antioxidant systems. Consequently, RULER analyses to characterize the antioxidant systems of the turbine oils before and after RPVOT testing would be very valuable in interpreting the RPVOT results and in improving the reproducibility of the RPVOT technique for making oxidative life assessments of modern generation turbine lubricants. VPI assessments of the turbine oils would further improve the oil diagnostic services of turbine lubricants by providing insight into the capability of the lubricants to solubilize the oxidation products of the antioxidants and the highly-refined base-oil.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSelenium.
=650  \0$aVitamin C.
=650  \0$aOxidation.
=650  \0$aAntioxidants.
=650  \0$aAromatic amines.
=650  \0$aGas turbines.
=650  \0$aPhenols.
=650  \0$aSteam turbines.
=650  \0$aVoltammetry.
=650  14$aAntioxidants.
=650  24$aRemaining useful life.
=650  24$aVoltammetry.
=650  24$aRPVOT.
=650  24$aVarnish index potential.
=650  24$aOxidation.
=650  24$aPhenols.
=650  24$aAromatic amines.
=650  24$aSteam turbines.
=650  24$aGas turbines.
=700  1\$aAmeye, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKauffman, RE.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13508.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13510
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13510$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13510$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA455.P58
=082  04$a620.192$223
=100  1\$aChen, JM.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMechanical Characterization of Cryogenically Treated Music Wire /$cJM. Chen, KHW Seah, CH. Chew.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b40
=520  3\$aCryogenic treatment is a technique applied to metallic alloys to improve their mechanical properties through stress relief and the formation of microprecipitates. Recently, there have been attempts among musical instrument makers to perform cryogenic treatment on musical instruments. While there are claims that these instruments experienced improved tonal performance due to altered physical and mechanical characteristics after cryogenic treatment, there have been no attempts to examine or qualify these claims. This study is an effort to characterize music wire in acoustic systems before and after cryogenic treatment in terms of changes in material and mechanical properties. Treated strings are found to possess improved mechanical properties. An explanation is proposed for the changes in the material caused by cryogenic treatment.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCryogenic processing.
=650  \0$aPolymers.
=650  \0$aThermal properties.
=650  \0$aCryogenic.
=650  \0$aMusic wire.
=650  \0$aMusical instruments.
=650  \0$aTreatment.
=650  14$aCryogenic.
=650  24$aTreatment.
=650  24$aMusic wire.
=650  24$aMusical instruments.
=650  24$aMechanical characterization.
=700  1\$aSeah, KHW,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aChew, CH.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13510.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13525
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13525$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13525$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP248.65.C58
=082  04$a661/.86$223
=100  1\$aBernards, ML.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aWater Conditioner Adjuvant and Fertilizer Formulation Effect on Micronutrient-Glyphosate Tank Mixtures /$cML. Bernards, D. Penner, J. Michael.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b26
=520  3\$aTank-mixing foliar micronutrient fertilizers with glyphosate may reduce weed control because of antagonistic cations present in the spray solution. This research was conducted (1) to quantify the antagonism caused by various formulations of copper (Cu), iron (Fe), manganese (Mn), and zinc (Zn), and (2) to determine the extent that water conditioner adjuvants may prevent the antagonism from occurring. Most formulations of copper, iron, manganese, and zinc antagonized glyphosate efficacy on giant foxtail and velvetleaf. Formulations containing EDTA, HEDTA, or flavonol were the least antagonistic; those containing the sulfate salt or a lignosulfonic acid chelate were the most antagonistic. Tank mixtures including the adjuvant NT2 overcame the antagonism more often than those containing ammonium sulfate (AMS) or CANG3. Two micronutrient blends, one with (MC) and one without (MS) the chelates citric acid and EDTA, both reduced glyphosate efficacy on giant foxtail and velvetleaf. The addition of AMS or NT to these blends increased velvetleaf control, but neither adjuvant overcame the antagonism.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBiotechnology.
=650  \0$achemical synthesis.
=650  \0$aCitric acid.
=650  \0$aAmmonium sulfate.
=650  \0$aGlyphosate antagonism.
=650  14$aAmmonium sulfate.
=650  24$aCitric acid.
=650  24$aEDTA.
=650  24$aGlyphosate antagonism.
=650  24$aMicronutrient fertilizer.
=700  1\$aPenner, D.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMichael, J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13525.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13527
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13527$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13527$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRA1225
=082  04$a615.9/54$223
=100  1\$aGuler, H.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aWind Tunnel Evaluation of Drift Reduction Potential and Spray Characteristics with Drift Retardants at High Operating Pressure /$cH. Guler, H. Zhu, E. Ozkan, R. Derksen, C. Krause.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aAlthough considerable research has been done on effectiveness of drift retardants for many years, answers to some questions are still unclear to applicators. Laboratory tests were conducted to evaluate drift potentials associated with off-target ground and airborne spray deposits discharged with a hollow cone nozzle spraying three different drift retardants at a high operating pressure and various wind velocities in a wind tunnel. Droplet sizes and spray widths were also determined with a laser imaging system and a portable spray patternator. At 1655 kPa pressure and 4.65 L/m flow rate, the volume median diameters of droplets from the hollow cone nozzle discharging spray mixtures containing water only, polyvinyl polymer, nonionic colloidal polymer and polyacrylamide polymer drift retardants were 201, 222, 239, and 210 μm, respectively. The major spray pattern width was not changed after drift retardants were added into the spray carrier. For the wind velocity from 1 to 5 m/s in the wind tunnel, the polyacrylamide drift retardant produced the highest airborne deposit among the three drift retardants, followed by polyvinyl, and then nonionic colloidal. Also, the polyacrylamide drift retardant produced the highest ground drift potential, followed by nonionic colloidal and then polyvinyl. According to the results from this laboratory study, both nonionic colloidal and polyvinyl polymer drift retardants reduced the drift potential compared to the spray carrier containing water only.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPediatric toxicology.
=650  \0$aDroplet size.
=650  \0$aPesticide.
=650  \0$aSpray pattern.
=650  \0$aSpray additives.
=650  \0$aDroplet velocity.
=650  14$aPesticide.
=650  24$aDroplet size.
=650  24$aDroplet velocity.
=650  24$aSpray pattern.
=650  24$aSpray additives.
=700  1\$aZhu, H.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aOzkan, E.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDerksen, R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKrause, C.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13527.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13528
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13528$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13528$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aR853.C55
=082  04$a174.28$223
=100  1\$aForster, WA.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSpray Retention Models for Arable Crops /$cWA. Forster, MO. Kimberley, KD. Steele, MR. Haslett, JA. Zabkiewicz.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b21
=520  3\$aA model has been developed explaining 92 % of the variance in spray retention by individual plants. The effects of formulation and plant morphology were represented as a logistic function, because this can accommodate retention close to 100 or 0 % whereas an additive model cannot. All inputs for the current model, except for the plant morphology factor, Mp, could be readily measured. Mp could be estimated by a linear regression relating Mp to the leaf surface roughness, as determined by the contact angle of a droplet of 50 % acetone on the leaf surface. The use of a logistic function, and inclusion in the model of total plant area, plan area, and contact angle to account for plant morphology, has provided an improved, practical, easily used universal agricultural spray retention model needing few inputs.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPulmonary Surfactants.
=650  \0$aClinical trials Moral and ethical aspects Developing countries.
=650  \0$aRetention.
=650  \0$aSurfactants.
=650  \0$aPlant morphology.
=650  \0$aSpray.
=650  14$aSpray.
=650  24$aRetention.
=650  24$aModel.
=650  24$aDynamic surface tension.
=650  24$aSurfactants.
=650  24$aPlant morphology.
=700  1\$aKimberley, MO.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSteele, KD.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHaslett, MR.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aZabkiewicz, JA.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13528.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13530
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13530$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13530$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRD119
=082  04$a617.9/5$223
=100  1\$aBarthélémy, H.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aOxygen Fires in Aluminum Alloy Cylinders /$cH. Barthélémy.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b1
=520  3\$aOne of the most frequently asked questions in the oxygen compatibility world is whether aluminum is compatible with oxygen. The answer is yes for high pressure aluminum alloy (AA) cylinders, and this is proven by the fact that several million AA cylinders are safely used around the world every day. However, some accidents have occurred with AA cylinders in oxygen service. In this paper, two main accident types are described and illustrated. The first accident occurred when devalving a cylinder which was under full pressure, resulting in a violent explosion and burning of a large part of the cylinder shoulder. The second accident occurred when a cylinder was dropped from a height of about 400 mm; again the cylinder exploded and again a large part of the cylinder shoulder burned. Tests were conducted in an attempt to understand the ignition mechanisms. In this paper, the ignition mechanisms are explained and recommendations are provided to prevent reoccurrences.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSurgery, Plastic.
=650  \0$aCosmetic.
=650  \0$aOxygen.
=650  \0$aGas cylinders.
=650  \0$aAccident.
=650  \0$aAluminum alloy.
=650  \0$aSafety.
=650  14$aAluminum alloy.
=650  24$aGas cylinders.
=650  24$aOxygen.
=650  24$aAccident.
=650  24$aSafety.
=650  24$aUse.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13530.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13531
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13531$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13531$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTL216.5
=082  04$a629.229$223
=100  1\$aBarthélémy, H.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aIgnition of a Composite Cylinder with Plastic Liner /$cH. Barthélémy.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (4 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b2
=520  3\$aAn increasing number of composite cylinders are being used every year to store and transport compressed gases. These cylinders are very efficient, since a large quantity of gas can be transported at a relative low total weight compared to the traditional steel and aluminum cylinders. The most efficient composite cylinders are the cylinders that have plastic liners. The main applications are where the weight savings are important, such as cylinders for self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) used by firemen. In this paper, we describe an accident which occurred in France. A fireman was killed by the explosion of such a cylinder during use; the accident was attributed to the violent reaction of the oxygen (contained in the compressed air) with the plastic liner. In the paper, the ignition mechanisms are investigated and recommendations are provided to avoid any repetitions of such an accident.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSpark ignition engines.
=650  \0$aAlternative fuel vehicles.
=650  \0$aPlastic.
=650  \0$aIgnition.
=650  \0$aComposite cylinder.
=650  \0$aAccident.
=650  14$aAccident.
=650  24$aIgnition.
=650  24$aAir.
=650  24$aComposite cylinder.
=650  24$aPlastic.
=650  24$aLiner.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13531.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13532
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13532$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13532$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.9.N35
=082  04$a620.1/92$223
=100  1\$aBinder, C.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCombustion Tests Under High Pressure Oxygen :$bPromoted Ignition Combustion Test Versus Metallic Disk Ignition Test /$cC. Binder, T. Kasch, S. Lehné, U. Beck, M. Weise, M. Sahre.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (5 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b5
=520  3\$aTwo different test apparatuses are used at BAM to evaluate the safety of oxygen components: First, the “promoted ignition combustion test” according to ASTM G 124 [1] and to EIGA IGC Doc 13/02/E [2], and second, the new “metallic disk ignition test” that has not been standardized yet. The standard test method ASTM G 124 allows a ranking of metallic materials for use at high pressure oxygen. However, the transfer of those test results to valves and fittings in real-life situations is rather complex. The “metallic disk ignition test,” developed at BAM, is more practice oriented and uses metallic disks of different thicknesses of the investigated material. A commonly used nonmetallic sealing ring is placed in front of this disk and serves as an igniter. This test array is then exposed to high pressure gaseous oxygen impacts in a standardized pneumatic impact tester according to DIN EN 1797 [3].
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aNanostructured materials.
=650  \0$aMetallic composites.
=650  \0$aCondensed Matter.
=650  \0$aAdiabatic compression.
=650  \0$aHigh pressure oxygen.
=650  \0$aPromoted ignition.
=650  \0$aCoatings.
=650  \0$aMetallic materials.
=650  \0$aPneumatic impact.
=650  \0$aFlammability.
=650  14$aAdiabatic compression.
=650  24$aPneumatic impact.
=650  24$aFlammability.
=650  24$aHigh pressure oxygen.
=650  24$aMetallic materials.
=650  24$aPromoted ignition.
=650  24$aCoatings.
=700  1\$aKasch, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLehné, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBeck, U.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWeise, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSahre, M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13532.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13533
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13533$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13533$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN685
=082  04$a669/.028/4$223
=100  1\$aBinder, C.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPromoted Combustion Testing of Pure and Ceramic-Coated Metals in High Pressure Oxygen by the Federal Institute of Materials Research and Testing (BAM) /$cC. Binder, T. Kasch, T. Brock, U. Beck, M. Weise, M. Share.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b7
=520  3\$aThe new promoted ignition combustion test apparatus at BAM matches the requirements of ASTM test method G 124 [ASTM G 124, Standard Test Method for Determining the Combustion Behavior of Metallic Materials in Oxygen-Enriched Atmospheres, 2003] and of EIGA publication, IGC Doc 13/02/E [EIGA Gas Association Document IGC Doc 13/02/E, Oxygen Pipeline Systems, 2003]. The test apparatus is most likely the only one in Europe. The test chamber allows investigations with pure oxygen or oxygen mixtures at pressures up to 500 bar and at temperatures up to 400°C at static or flowing gas conditions. The ignition device consists of an electrical ignition wire and a promoter. IR-sensors, distributed over the whole length of the rod, measure and record the burning temperature and allow measurement of the burn rate. A video system records the experiment for visual characterization of the burning behavior. BAM test results are compared with published data. Results on investigations with coated rods are presented. Ceramic coatings seem to be a solution for the use of certain less compatible metallic materials at higher oxygen pressures.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aElectrochemistry.
=650  \0$aPhysical Chemistry.
=650  \0$aSafety engineering.
=650  \0$aHigh pressure oxygen.
=650  \0$aPromoted combustion.
=650  \0$aCoatings.
=650  \0$aMetallic materials.
=650  \0$aFlammability.
=650  14$aPromoted combustion.
=650  24$aHigh pressure oxygen.
=650  24$aMetallic materials.
=650  24$aFlammability.
=650  24$aSafety engineering.
=650  24$aCoatings.
=700  1\$aKasch, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBrock, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBeck, U.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWeise, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aShare, M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13533.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13534
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13534$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13534$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aHE5620.D7
=082  04$a363.1257$223
=100  1\$aChiffoleau, G.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMechanical Impact of Aluminum Alloy Gas Cylinder Pressurized with Oxygen /$cG. Chiffoleau, B. Newton, NJH Holroyd, S. Havercroft.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b4
=520  3\$aOver the past 30 years a handful of fires in medical oxygen high pressure gas storage systems involving aluminum alloy cylinders have been deemed to be associated with mechanical impact-induced ignition of a contaminated system. For example, hydrocarbon contamination and mechanical impact promoted by being dropped during transportation. While the number of these incidents is minuscule compared to the number of systems used in the field, the effect is significant when such an ignition occurs. The kindling chain and initial ignition point of these fires, however, is poorly understood. Although made from more oxygen compatible metallic materials, the cylinder valves attached to these aluminum cylinders contain nonmetallic materials and are in direct contact with the cylinder threads, which are the thinnest cross section of the cylinder. A mechanical impact test was developed to investigate the conditions required to cause ignition of a cylinder and valve assembly by this ignition mechanism, with and without a wide range of controlled contaminants. Specially prepared small cylinders were assembled with commonly used brass cylinder valves and positioned under a drop tower capable of delivering energies up to 434 J (320 ft·lb). Cylinder assemblies were tested with various orientation and impact points including the cylinder valves and no ignitions were recorded in a total of 23 tests.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAlcohol ignition interlock devices.
=650  \0$aDrunk driving Prevention.
=650  \0$aIgnition.
=650  \0$aAluminum cylinders.
=650  \0$aMechanical impact.
=650  14$aMechanical impact.
=650  24$aAluminum cylinders.
=650  24$aIgnition.
=700  1\$aNewton, B.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHolroyd, NJH,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHavercroft, S.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13534.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13535
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13535$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13535$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aHE5620.D7
=082  04$a363.1257$223
=100  1\$aChiffoleau, G.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPromoted Ignition of a Cylinder Valve in NF3 /$cG. Chiffoleau, B. Newton, T. Chou, B. Wilson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b5
=520  3\$aNitrogen trifluoride (NF3) is used in the manufacturing process of semiconductors and is believed to be 1.5 times more oxidizing than oxygen. Compatibility data of materials with NF3 is limited and has only recently been addressed by companies which routinely handle NF3. Even more limited is the ability to conduct configuration testing of components in NF3 to evaluate kindling chain and reaction effects. In NF3 systems, the cylinder valve is subjected to severe operating conditions, and is known to have experienced fires in service. A new test approach was developed to positively ignite the non-metallic seat of a cylinder valve pressurized with NF3. The goal of the work was to investigate whether the ignition of the seat would kindle the surrounding sub-components of the valve and ultimately whether a kindling reaction would develop that could breach the valve body. The ignition concept of the test method consists of electrically heating a thin section of wire positioned across the seat to act as a promoter. The concept required minimal modifications to the valve and the overall valve design remained consistent with normal operation. The assembled valves were tested at a pressure of 1500 psig and no burn-through was observed during any test. The post-test valve disassembly and inspection confirmed the wire fused and successfully ignited the seat but the seat retainer and surrounding sub-components did not kindle. All of the other parts of the valve were unaffected by the ignition and consumption of the non-metallic seat. The new test provides an approach for evaluating the propagation propensity of NF3 components containing nonmetallic materials.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aElectrical and Electronic Engineering.
=700  1\$aNewton, B.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aChou, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWilson, B.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13535.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13536
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13536$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13536$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTL216.5
=082  04$a629.229$223
=100  1\$aChiffoleau, G.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSurface Ignition of Aluminum in Oxygen /$cG. Chiffoleau, B. Newton, NJH Holroyd, S. Havercroft.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aPublished reports of burning aluminum in oxygen using ASTM G 124-type testing demonstrated that aluminum alloys are difficult to ignite but once ignited are extremely flammable in terms of regression rate and energy release. The ignition resistance of aluminum is associated with its tenacious and protective oxide, which allows aluminum to safely contain high-pressure oxygen in certain applications. The ignitability of aluminum varies between alloys and surface treatments so a test method was developed to evaluate the ignitability of various aluminum surfaces. The test method uses a promoted ignition chamber consistent with ASTM G 124 testing; however, the test sample is configured in the shape of a coupon. Instead of promoting the sample with an electrically heated wire, a controlled electrical arc is generated by drawing an electrode away from the center of the coupon while passing current through the sample. The level of energy applied to the surface of the coupon is semi-quantifiable and kept constant between tests. Based on this semi-quantifiable amount of energy, an ignition pressure is established and the influence of alloy composition and surface treatments on aluminum is evaluated.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSpark ignition engines.
=650  \0$aAlternative fuel vehicles.
=650  \0$aElectric vehicles.
=650  \0$aAluminum.
=650  \0$aCombustion.
=650  \0$aIgnition.
=650  \0$aOxygen.
=650  \0$aPromoted ignition.
=650  \0$aSurfaces.
=650  14$aSurfaces.
=650  24$aIgnition.
=650  24$aAluminum.
=650  24$aPromoted ignition.
=650  24$aCombustion.
=650  24$aOxygen.
=700  1\$aNewton, B.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHolroyd, NJH,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHavercroft, S.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13536.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13537
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13537$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13537$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTX531
=082  04$a363.19/26$223
=100  1\$aColson, A.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFiltration of Gaseous or Liquid Oxygen in Industrial Applications and Associated Fire Risks /$cA. Colson, E. Fano.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aThe gaseous or liquid oxygen filter is a safety component which retains undesirable particles as they move downstream. The experience of industry and accident records show the importance of using the right type of filter for a given application and ensuring the quality of the filter's construction. Fire reports highlight ignition mechanisms, kindling chain, and the importance of proper location of oxygen filters in different configurations and in industrial conditions. Appropriate recommendations are made in terms of design, installation and maintenance.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFood contamination.
=650  \0$aFood Inspection.
=650  \0$aWire mesh.
=650  \0$aSintered metal.
=650  \0$aContamination.
=650  \0$aConical filter.
=650  \0$aStrainer.
=650  \0$aParticle impact.
=650  14$aStrainer.
=650  24$aConical filter.
=650  24$aWire mesh.
=650  24$aSintered metal.
=650  24$aParticle impact.
=650  24$aContamination.
=700  1\$aFano, E.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13537.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13538
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13538$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13538$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRD539.8
=082  04$a618.1/90592$223
=100  1\$aEngel, CD.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMechanical Impact Testing :$bData Review and Analysis /$cCD. Engel, SD. Herald, SE. Davis.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b14
=520  3\$aSince the 1950s, when first the Army and then NASA developed mechanical impact testing of materials, researchers have continued efforts to gain a better understanding of the chemical, mechanical, and thermodynamic nature of the phenomenon. The impact mechanism is a proven ignition mechanism, which must be considered and understood in the design of an oxygen system. The use of test data from this test method has been questioned because of the lack of a clear method of application of the data and variability found between tests, material batches, and facilities. This effort explores a large database, which has accumulated over a number of years, and its overall nature. Moreover, testing was performed to determine the statistical nature of the test procedure to help establish sample size guidelines for material characterization. The current practice of reporting reaction frequency data at dropped energy rather than energy the sample receives does not offer a way to compare data between facilities.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSilicone Gels.
=650  \0$aBreast Implantation.
=650  \0$aNeoprene.
=650  \0$aSilicone.
=650  \0$aIgnition.
=650  \0$aMechanical impact.
=650  \0$aOxygen compatibility.
=650  14$aMechanical impact.
=650  24$aOxygen compatibility.
=650  24$aIgnition.
=650  24$aNylon 6/6.
=650  24$aFR 700–701.
=650  24$aNeoprene.
=650  24$aSilicone.
=700  1\$aHerald, SD.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDavis, SE.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13538.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13539
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13539$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13539$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH9446.5.P45
=082  04$a628.9/222$223
=100  1\$aEngel, CD.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPromoted Metals Combustion at Ambient and Elevated Temperatures /$cCD. Engel, SD. Herald, SE. Davis.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aPromoted combustion testing of materials, Test 17 of National Aeronautics and Space Administration Standard 6001 (NASA-STD-6001), has been used to assess metal propensity to burn in oxygenrich environments. An igniter at the bottom end of a rod promotes ignition, and if combustion is sustained, the burning progresses from the bottom to the top of the rod. The physical mechanisms are similar to those of the upward flame propagation test, Test 1 of NASA-STD-6001. The differences are in the normal environmental range of pressures, oxygen content, and sample geometry. Upward flammability testing of organic materials can exhibit a significant transitional region between no burning and complete quasi-steady burning. In this transitional region, the burn process exhibits a probabilistic nature. This transitional region has been identified for metals using the promoted combustion testing method at ambient initial temperatures. The work herein is focused on examining the transitional region and the quasi-steady burning region both at conventional ambient testing conditions and at elevated temperatures.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPlastics.
=650  \0$aFire Science.
=650  \0$aStainless steel 321.
=650  \0$aIncoloy 825.
=650  \0$aStainless steel 347.
=650  \0$aStainless steel 304L.
=650  \0$aGaseous oxygen.
=650  \0$aTransitional region.
=650  \0$aFlammability.
=650  14$aPromoted ignition combustion.
=650  24$aGaseous oxygen.
=650  24$aHigh-temperature metals.
=650  24$aFlammability.
=650  24$aTransitional region.
=650  24$aStainless steel 304L.
=650  24$aStainless steel 321.
=650  24$aStainless steel 347.
=650  24$aInconel® 718.
=650  24$aInconel® X750.
=650  24$aHaynes® 214™.
=650  24$aIncoloy 825.
=700  1\$aHerald, SD.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDavis, SE.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13539.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13540
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13540$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13540$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aPS3552.R718
=082  04$a813/.54$223
=100  1\$aForsyth, ET.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAnalysis Tools Used to Evaluate Oxygen Hazards and the Oxygen Compatibility of Metals /$cET. Forsyth, BE. Newton, G. Chiffoleau.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aPerforming analyses of the fire hazards in oxygen systems is critical to avoiding fires. Over the years, several systematic approaches to analyzing fire hazards in oxygen systems have been proposed and analysis methodologies for oxygen systems have become more refined. Specific evaluation is performed on the compatibility of materials of construction, the presence of ignition mechanisms, and the effects that ignition or a fire would have on the component, system, and personnel. The authors of this paper routinely perform hazards analyses and failure analyses of oxygen systems for their clients and have applied new engineering technologies and materials test data to better understand, discern, and characterize oxygen fire hazards. This paper describes some of the new technologies and materials test data used and how they can be applied to evaluating the compatibility of metals in oxygen service, including three-dimensional component analysis; Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) flow modeling; metals flammability test data in static, flowing, and high-temperature oxygen; and metals ignition test data.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFire fighters.
=650  \0$aMurder.
=650  \0$aJournalists.
=650  \0$aFire.
=650  \0$aIgnition mechanism.
=650  \0$aEvaluation.
=650  \0$aMaterials selection.
=650  \0$aOxygen.
=650  \0$aHazards analysis.
=650  \0$aMetals.
=650  \0$aCompatibility.
=650  \0$aFlammability.
=650  14$aOxygen.
=650  24$aHazards analysis.
=650  24$aMetals.
=650  24$aCompatibility.
=650  24$aIgnition mechanism.
=650  24$aFire.
=650  24$aComputational Fluid Dynamics (CFD)
=650  24$aFlammability.
=650  24$aEvaluation.
=650  24$aMaterials selection.
=700  1\$aNewton, BE.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aChiffoleau, G.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13540.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13542
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13542$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13542$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTJ789
=082  04$a621.43/4/0288$223
=100  1\$aSmith, SR.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aASTM G 175 Interlaboratory Study on Forced Ignition Testing /$cSR. Smith, JM. Stoltzfus.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (5 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b4
=520  3\$aASTM G 175 is a standard test method for evaluating the ignition sensitivity and fault tolerance of oxygen regulators used for medical and emergency applications. To show the ASTM G 175 test method was repeatable at different laboratories, a series of interlaboratory tests were performed on medical oxygen regulators in late 2002. These tests were performed on six regulator designs at three laboratories. Three of the regulator models employed a compressed gas association (CGA) 870-style connection and the other three regulator models used a CGA 540-style connection. Five of the regulators were commercially available and the other one was a CGA 870-style regulator that was intentionally designed to tail the test. The results of the round robin tests are presented and discussed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSpark ignition engines.
=650  \0$aMaintenance and repair.
=650  \0$aFault tolerance.
=650  \0$aIgnition pill.
=650  \0$aMedical regulator.
=650  14$aG 175.
=650  24$aMedical regulator.
=650  24$aIgnition pill.
=650  24$aFault tolerance.
=700  1\$aStoltzfus, JM.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13542.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13543
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13543$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13543$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRB170
=082  04$a616.07$223
=100  1\$aGallus, TD.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFlow Friction Fire History and Research /$cTD. Gallus, JM. Stoltzfus.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b5
=520  3\$aFires in oxygen systems are most commonly attributed to flow dynamic ignition mechanisms such as particle impact and rapid pressurization heating. However, there have been fires in oxygen systems that could not be attributed to the most common ignition mechanisms. Some of these fires have been attributed to a poorly understood ignition mechanism for polymers, called “flow friction.” A brief history of fires attributed to flow friction is presented. In addition, the flow friction research that has been performed at NASA Johnson Space Center White Sands Test Facility is reviewed. Specifically, the possibility that flow friction is simple frictional heating powered by spontaneous gas-driven polymer oscillations is investigated. The results of the latest research on polymer fires based on spontaneous combustion assisted by frictional heat are presented.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aActive oxygen Pathophysiology.
=650  \0$aFree radicals (Chemistry)
=650  \0$aFlow friction.
=650  \0$aOxygen systems.
=650  \0$aPolymer fires.
=650  \0$aFrictional heat.
=650  14$aFlow friction.
=650  24$aOxygen systems.
=650  24$aPolymer fires.
=650  24$aSpontaneous combustion.
=650  24$aFrictional heat.
=700  1\$aStoltzfus, JM.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13543.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13544
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13544$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13544$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD181.O1
=082  04$a546/.721$223
=100  1\$aHay, PJ.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aReview, Analysis, and Hazard Mitigation of the Life-Support Oxygen System on Royal Australian Air Force P-3 Orion Aircraft /$cPJ. Hay, DMC Burns, TA. Steinberg.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b5
=520  3\$aTo ensure te ongoing safe operation of the Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) P-3 Orion life-support oxygen system, a system review was completed that included a failure modes and effects analysis combined with an oxygen hazards and fire risk analysis. Though the RAAF P-3 Orion oxygen system has been operational for many years, the results of these analyses clearly identified many deficiencies in the current system configuration, thus demonstrating the value of the formal analysis approach. Design, procedural, maintenance, and material issues were all identified and addressed in the course of this process. This paper provides a brief summary of the analyses performed, the results obtained, risk tables generated, and their use leading to the recommendations for changes incorporated onto RAAF P-3 Orion aircraft that resulted from this work.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aChalcogens.
=650  \0$aInorganic.
=650  \0$aOxygen.
=650  \0$aHazard analysis.
=650  14$aP-3.
=650  24$aOrion.
=650  24$aRAAF.
=650  24$aHazard analysis.
=650  24$aOFHRA.
=650  24$aOxygen.
=700  1\$aBurns, DMC,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSteinberg, TA.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13544.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13546
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13546$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13546$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aHG1710
=082  04$a658.8/8$223
=100  1\$aRosales, K.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aOxygen Compatibility Assessment on Components and Systems /$cK. Rosales, M. Shoffstall, J. Stoltzfus.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aFire hazards are inherent in oxygen systems. Therefore, a systematic approach to identify and address these fire hazards is essential to protecting personnel and equipment. The oxygen compatibility assessment process (previously known as the oxygen hazards analysis process) designed by NASA Johnson Space Center White Sands Test Facility can be used to determine the presence of fire hazards in oxygen systems and the likelihood of a fire. This process may be used as both a design guide and an approval process. The procedure for performing an oxygen compatibility assessment is a structured step-by-step process to: determine the most severe operating conditions; assess the flammability of the system materials at the use conditions; evaluate the presence and efficacy of ignition mechanisms; assess the potential for a fire to breach the system; and determine the reaction effect (the potential loss of life, mission, and system functionality as the result of a fire). This process should be performed for each component in a system. The results of each component assessment should be recorded in an Oxygen Compatibility Assessment Table. In addition, a summary of the overall assessment should be provided in a Hazard Control Table, which provides a convenient way for readers of the document to know the hazards that exist within the entire system and the status of whether or not the recommendations have been implemented.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aElectromagnetic compatibility.
=650  \0$aElectronic funds transfers.
=650  \0$aFire.
=650  \0$aOxygen.
=650  \0$aIgnition mechanisms.
=650  \0$aRisk assessment.
=650  14$aFire.
=650  24$aOxygen.
=650  24$aIgnition mechanisms.
=650  24$aCompatibility assessment.
=650  24$aRisk assessment.
=700  1\$aShoffstall, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aStoltzfus, J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13546.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13547
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13547$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13547$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRA1270.F55
=082  04$a677$223
=100  1\$aHirsch, D.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aProficiency Testing for Evaluating Aerospace Materials Test Anomalies /$cD. Hirsch, S. Motto, G. Peyton, H. Beeson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b18
=520  3\$aASTM G 86 “Standard Test Method for Determining Ignition Sensitivity of Materials to Mechanical Impact in Ambient Pressure Liquid Oxygen and Pressurized Liquid and Gaseous Oxygen” and ASTM G 74 “Standard Test Method for Ignition Sensitivity of Materials to Gaseous Fluid Impact” are commonly used to evaluate materials susceptibility to ignition in liquid and gaseous oxygen systems. However, the methods have been known for their lack of repeatability. The inherent problems identified with the test logic would either not allow precise identification or the magnitude of problems related to running the tests, such as lack of consistency of systems performance, lack of adherence to procedures, etc. Excessive variability leads to increasing instances of accepting the null hypothesis erroneously, and so to the false logical deduction that problems are nonexistent when they really do exist. This paper attempts to develop and recommend an approach that could lead to increased accuracy in problem diagnostics by using the 50 % reactivity point, which has been shown to be more repeatable. The initial tests conducted indicate that PTFE and Viton® A5 (for pneumatic impact) and Buna S (for mechanical impact) would be good choices for additional testing and consideration for interlaboratory evaluations. The approach presented could also be used to evaluate variable effects with increased confidence and tolerance optimization.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aTextiles.
=650  \0$aProficiency testing.
=650  \0$aIgnition.
=650  \0$aPrecision.
=650  \0$aPolymers.
=650  \0$aTest methods.
=650  \0$aMechanical impact.
=650  \0$aPneumatic impact.
=650  \0$aOxygen compatibility.
=650  14$aTest methods.
=650  24$aProficiency testing.
=650  24$aPrecision.
=650  24$aIgnition.
=650  24$aPneumatic impact.
=650  24$aMechanical impact.
=650  24$aOxygen compatibility.
=650  24$aPolymers.
=700  1\$aMotto, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPeyton, G.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBeeson, H.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13547.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13550
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13550$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13550$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aUG1242.B6
=082  04$a623.7436$223
=100  1\$aNewton, BE.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aInvestigation of Oxygen-Acetylene Flashback Reactions in Welding Hoses /$cBE. Newton, D. Pryor, GJA Chiffoleau, H. Beeson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aA common concern in the welding industry is the development of conditions wherein an oxygen-acetylene (i.e., oxyacetylene) flashback reaction can propagate into a welding hose causing it to burst due to the rapid localized pressurization associated with an oxygen-acetylene deflagration-to-detonation transition. The investigation of a recent welding hose fire resulted in testing to evaluate the conditions under which detonations could be generated within welding hoses and the conditions in which welding hoses would burst when exposed to these events. This paper reports on elements of the welding hose fire investigation, the conditions for flashback reactions to develop, and the analytical work performed during the accident reconstruction to characterize deflagration-to-detonation transition within typical welding hoses. This paper also suggests physical and chemical criteria that are characteristic to welding hose ruptures due to flashback detonations.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMilitary.
=650  \0$aAirplanes.
=650  \0$aForensic.
=650  \0$aBackfire.
=650  \0$aOxyacetylene.
=650  \0$aSustained-backfire.
=650  \0$aWelding.
=650  \0$aFlashback.
=650  \0$aDetonation.
=650  \0$aReconstruction.
=650  14$aDetonation.
=650  24$aOxyacetylene.
=650  24$aWelding.
=650  24$aFlashback.
=650  24$aForensic.
=650  24$aReconstruction.
=650  24$aBackfire.
=650  24$aSustained-backfire.
=700  1\$aPryor, D.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aChiffoleau, GJA,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBeeson, H.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13550.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13552
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13552$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13552$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH9446.P55
=082  04$a628.9/22$223
=100  1\$aNewton, BE.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMaterials Compatibility with Nitrogen Trifluoride (NF3) /$cBE. Newton, GJA Chiffoleau.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b5
=520  3\$aNitrogen trifluoride (NF3) is a widely used electronic specialty gas and is considered about 1.5 times more oxidizing than gaseous oxygen. A recent test program was sponsored by seven companies that are heavily involved in the worldwide industrial distribution and use of NF3 to develop several test systems and materials compatibility data for the most common metals and nonmetals utilized in NF3 transfer systems. This paper presents the data developed by the industry steering group on the compatibility of 12 metallic materials and 15 nonmetallic materials with NF3. The flammability of metallic materials were evaluated by their promoted combustion threshold pressure and the nonmetallic materials were evaluated by their autogenous ignition temperature (AIT) and NF3-index for sustained combustion.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aOxygen index of materials.
=650  \0$aPlastics Flammability.
=650  \0$aFlame spread.
=650  \0$aPromoted combustion.
=650  \0$aOxygen index.
=650  14$aNitrogen trifluoride (NF3)
=650  24$aPromoted combustion.
=650  24$aOxygen index.
=650  24$aAutogenous ignition temperature.
=700  1\$aChiffoleau, GJA,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13552.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13557
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13557$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13557$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP267.5
=082  04$a623.452$223
=100  1\$aPeralta, S.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFrictional Ignition Testing of Composite Materials /$cS. Peralta, K. Rosales, MJ. Robinson, J. Stoltzfus.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b2
=520  3\$aThe space flight community has been investigating lightweight composite materials for use in propellant tanks for both liquid and gaseous oxygen for space flight vehicles. The use of these materials presents some risks pertaining to ignition and burning hazards in the presence of oxygen. Through the hazard analysis process, some ignition mechanisms have been identified as being potentially credible. One of the ignition mechanisms was reciprocal friction; however, test data do not exist that could be used to clear or fail these types of materials as “oxygen compatible” for the reciprocal friction ignition mechanism. Therefore, testing was performed at the NASA Johnson Space Center White Sands Test Facility to provide data to evaluate this ignition mechanism. This paper presents the test system, approach, data results, and findings of the reciprocal friction testing performed on composite sample materials being considered for propellant tanks.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aExplosives.
=650  \0$aMaterials testing.
=650  \0$aGaseous oxygen.
=650  \0$aLiquid oxygen.
=650  14$aLightweight composite materials.
=650  24$aReciprocal friction ignition.
=650  24$aLiquid oxygen.
=650  24$aGaseous oxygen.
=650  24$aMaterials testing.
=700  1\$aRosales, K.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRobinson, MJ.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aStoltzfus, J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13557.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13558
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13558$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13558$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTL789.8.U6
=082  04$a629.45/4$223
=100  1\$aPutzeys, OM.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aIgnition of Combustion Modified Polyurethane Foam /$cOM. Putzeys, A. Carlos Fernandez-Pello, DL. Urban.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b25
=520  3\$aResults are presented from an experimental study on the ignition of the combustion modified (fire retarded) polyurethane foam Pyrell® (35.3 kg/m3 and 64.0 kg/m3) in elevated oxygen concentrations, ranging from 30 % to 60 %. The samples are exposed to an external flow and variable radiant heat flux on one face, and insulated on the other faces. The experiments show that Pyrell® undergoes a weak smoldering reaction that requires significant assistance in the form of external heat input in order to propagate. The results also show that given sufficient oxygen and radiant heat flux, the smoldering reaction can produce enough volatile fuel and heat to trigger a gas-phase ignition, i.e. a transition from smoldering to flaming, in pores in the char region. The experiments also indicate that high-density Pyrell® is more ignitable than low-density Pyrell®, which could be explained by the greater solid surface area for smoldering reactions to take place.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSpace vehicle accidents.
=650  \0$aCombustion modified.
=650  \0$aFire retarded.
=650  \0$aOxygen enriched.
=650  \0$aFire.
=650  \0$aSmoldering.
=650  \0$aPolyurethane foam.
=650  \0$aIgnition.
=650  \0$aSpacecraft.
=650  14$aCombustion modified.
=650  24$aFire retarded.
=650  24$aPolyurethane foam.
=650  24$aOxygen enriched.
=650  24$aSmoldering.
=650  24$aTransition to flaming.
=650  24$aIgnition.
=650  24$aSpacecraft.
=650  24$aFire.
=700  1\$aCarlos Fernandez-Pello, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aUrban, DL.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13558.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13561
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13561$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13561$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aPN1997.2
=082  04$a791.43/72$223
=100  1\$aSlockers, MJ.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aIgnition of Metals at High Temperatures in Oxygen /$cMJ. Slockers, R. Robles-Culbreth.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (18 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b4
=520  3\$aMaterial flammability is thought to increase with increasing oxygen concentration, increasing pressure, and increasing temperature. Interest in the effects of increasing pressure and increasing sample temperature on the flammability of metals led to an industry-sponsored program for heated promoted combustion testing of metals. In this paper, the results of heated promoted combustion tests from the industry-sponsored 98-1 program are reported. Thirteen materials were tested as heated 3.2-mm (1/8-in.) diameter rods in an enriched oxygen, elevated pressure environment. Tests were performed in 100 % oxygen, and the temperature of the sample rods varied between 260 and 1093°C with test pressures ranging from 0.2 to 2.8 MPa. The test materials were 316 stainless steel, Incology® 800 HT, Hastelloy® C-276, Hastelloy C-22, Inconel® Filler Metal 601, Inconel Filler Metal 617, Haynes® 230, Haynes 214, Hastelloy X, 310 stainless steel, alonized Haynes 230, 304 stainless steel, and alonized Incoloy 800 HT.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHot rods.
=650  \0$aDrug traffic.
=650  \0$aStatic.
=650  \0$aThreshold.
=650  \0$aTemperature.
=650  \0$aBurning.
=650  \0$aIgnition.
=650  \0$aOxygen.
=650  \0$aRods.
=650  \0$aFlammability.
=650  14$aOxygen.
=650  24$aIgnition.
=650  24$aTemperature.
=650  24$aWSTF.
=650  24$aBurning.
=650  24$aRods.
=650  24$aFlammability.
=650  24$aStatic.
=650  24$aThreshold.
=650  24$aHeated promoted combustion.
=700  1\$aRobles-Culbreth, R.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13561.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13562
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13562$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13562$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aPS3568.O243
=082  04$a813/.54$223
=100  1\$aStoltzfus, J.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFires in P-3 Aircraft Oxygen Systems /$cJ. Stoltzfus.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aFires in three P-3 air craft oxygen systems have occurred: one in the Royal Australian Air Force in 1984 and two in the U.S. Navy in 1998 and 2003. All three fires started in the aluminum manifold and check valve (MCV) assembly and produced similar damages to the aircraft in which they occurred. This paper discusses a failure analysis conducted by the NASA Johnson Space Center White Sands Test Facility Oxygen Hazards and Testing Team on the 2003 U.S. Navy VP-62 fire. It was surmized that the fire started due to heat generated by an oxygen leak past a silicone check valve seal or possibly because of particle impact near the seat of one of the MCV assembly check valves. An additional analysis of fires in several check valve poppet seals from other aircraft is discussed. These burned poppet seals came from P-3 oxygen systems that had been serviced at the Naval Air Station in Jacksonville following standard fill procedures. It was concluded that these seal fires occurred due to the heat from compression heating, particle impact, or the heat generated by an oxygen leak past the silicone check valve seal. The fact that catastrophic fires did not occur in the case of each check valve seal fire was attributed to the protective nature of the aluminum oxide layer on the check valve poppets. To prevent future fires of this nature, the U.S. and Canadian fleets of P-3 aircraft have been retrofitted with MCV assemblies with an upgraded design and more burn-resistant materials.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aWomen fire fighters.
=650  \0$aSmokejumpers.
=650  \0$aFire.
=650  \0$aCompression heating.
=650  \0$aFlow friction.
=650  \0$aKindling chain.
=650  \0$aOxygen.
=650  \0$aAircraft.
=650  \0$aParticle impact.
=650  14$aFire.
=650  24$aOxygen.
=650  24$aAircraft.
=650  24$aCompression heating.
=650  24$aFlow friction.
=650  24$aParticle impact.
=650  24$aKindling chain.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13562.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13563
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13563$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13563$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRB170
=082  04$a616.07$223
=100  1\$aSmith, S.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aElectrical Arc Ignition Testing of Spacesuit Materials /$cS. Smith, T. Gallus, S. Tapia, E. Ball, H. Beeson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (18 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b7
=520  3\$aA frayed wire was found inside the extravehicular mobility unit (EMU) spacesuit, which led to concerns that it may be possible to ignite materials in the EMU by electrical arcing. As a result, the NASA Johnson Space Center (JSC) White Sands Test Facility was requested by JSC to conduct arc-ignition tests on multiple EMU materials placed in varying oxygen concentrations. Because understanding the ignitability of materials requires simulating the worst-case scenario, three test methods were developed to understand what conditions were the most severe. The most severe method was then used to characterize the materials presently used in the EMU by determining the minimum levels of current necessary to initiate combustion at a given voltage. These arc-ignition tests were performed in 100 % oxygen at 23.5 psia and in 50 % oxygen at 50 psia. The following materials were tested: cotton fabric; polyester fabric; polyurethane cable jacket; Gore-Tex® woven polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) fabric; nylon/Lycra® knit fabric; moleskin; nylon/spandex knit fabric; nylon tricot fabric; cotton-flocked Rucothane;® urethane-coated nylon; Kerlix® cotton dressing, Estane® polyurethane; and Capilene® hollow fiber polyester fabric.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFree radicals.
=650  \0$aActive oxygen Pathophysiology.
=650  \0$aOxygen.
=650  \0$aSpacesuit materials.
=650  14$aOxygen.
=650  24$aElectrical arc ignition.
=650  24$aExtravehicular mobility unit.
=650  24$aSpacesuit materials.
=650  24$aFlammability materials testing.
=700  1\$aGallus, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTapia, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBall, E.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBeeson, H.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13563.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13564
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13564$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13564$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH9145
=082  04$a363.37/7$223
=100  1\$aSon, Y.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aComparison of Carbon Dioxide and Helium as Fire Extinguishing Agents for Spacecraft /$cY. Son, G. Zouein, S. Gokoglu, PD. Ronney.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b7
=520  3\$aThe rates of flame spread and minimum oxygen concentrations supporting flame spared over thermally thick fuel beds were determined at earth gravity and microgravity for varying concentrations of a gaseous extinguishing agent (N2, CO2, or He) added to “baseline” O2-N2 atmospheres. Drop towers were used to obtain microgravity, and foam fuels were employed to obtain sufficiently rapid flame spread in these short-duration facilities. At earth gravity, CO2 was the most effective on a molar basis at reducing spread rate whereas at microgravity, He was the most effective at reducing spread rate and causing flame extinction. These findings are proposed to result from the transition from a high-speed blow off-type limit at earth gravity to a low-speed radiative heat loss-induced limit at microgravity. CO2 is less effective as an extinguishment agent at microgravity because it reabsorbs radiation from flame and reradiates it back to the fuel bed at microgravity, whereas with N2 and He this phenomena is not evident at microgravity because these two gases are radiatively nonparticipating. He is particularly effective at microgravity because its high thermal diffusivity leads to much larger flame thicknesses resulting in much greater volume for radiative heat losses. Radiative effects are unimportant at earth gravity because convective flow is significantly faster, leading to thinner flames with much lower ratios of radiative to conductive/convective heat transfer. These results are particularly noteworthy considering that the International Space Station employs CO2 as fire extinguishers; our results suggest that helium may be a better suppressant agent on both mass and mole bases at microgravity even though CO2 is much better on a mole basis at earth gravity.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFire prevention.
=650  \0$aBurglary protection.
=650  \0$aFlame spread.
=650  \0$aSpacecraft.
=650  \0$aFire safety.
=650  14$aFire safety.
=650  24$aFlame spread.
=650  24$aSpacecraft.
=700  1\$aZouein, G.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGokoglu, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRonney, PD.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13564.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13565
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13565$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13565$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA478
=082  04$a620.17$223
=100  1\$aSuvorovs, T.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffect of Sample Geometry on Regression Rate of the Melting Interface for Carbon Steel Burned in Oxygen /$cT. Suvorovs, NR. Ward, R. Wilson, TA. Steinberg.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b19
=520  3\$aPromoted-ignition testing on carbon steel rods of varying cross-sectional area and shape was performed in high pressure oxygen to assess the effect of sample geometry on the regression rate of the melting interface. Cylindrical and rectangular geometries and three different cross sections were tested and the regression rates of the cylinders were compared to the regression rates of the rectangular samples at test pressures around 6.9 MPa. Tests were recorded and video analysis used to determine the regression rate of the melting interface by a new method based on a drop cycle which was found to provide a good basis for statistical analysis and provide excellent agreement to the standard averaging methods used. Both geometries tested showed the typical trend of decreasing regression rate of the melting interface with increasing cross-sectional area; however, it was shown that the effect of geometry is more significant as the sample's cross sections become larger. Discussion is provided regarding the use of 3.2-mm square rods rather than 3.2-mm cylindrical rods within the standard ASTM test and any effect this may have on the observed regression rate of the melting interface.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSteel alloys.
=650  \0$aHydrogen sulfide.
=650  \0$aImage processing.
=650  \0$aStandard testing.
=650  \0$aCarbon steel.
=650  \0$aOxygen.
=650  \0$aPromoted-fignition.
=650  \0$aGeometry.
=650  14$aGeometry.
=650  24$aPromoted-fignition.
=650  24$aOxygen.
=650  24$aCarbon steel.
=650  24$aImage processing.
=650  24$aStandard testing.
=700  1\$aWard, NR.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWilson, R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSteinberg, TA.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13565.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13567
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13567$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13567$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aKFU591.2
=082  04$a364.6/8$223
=100  1\$aWaller, JM.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aProactive Mitigation of PCTFE-Related Ignition Hazards in Oxygen Systems :$bI. Development of a Voluntary Consensus Standard Specification to Control Property Variation in Finished PCTFE Parts /$cJM. Waller, HL. Julien, BE. Newton, HD. Beeson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b25
=520  3\$aRevelations of dimensional instability in polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE) semifinished articles and finished parts raised concerns that leaks or part failure could occur during service, leading to catastrophic component or system failure, especially in high-pressure gaseous oxygen systems where flow friction, flow resonance, or kindling chain ignition mechanisms are operative. These concerns culminated in the release of an internal NASA Kennedy Space Center Problem Advisory and a Government-Industry Data Exchange Program Problem Advisory on PCTFE. Release of the advisories coincided with a task group study examining the factors contributing to property variation in PCTFE. More specifically, the effect of resin grade, process route, annealing method, and machining on dimensional stability, molecular weight, and crystallinity was determined. To better control dimensional stability, for example, a Biot-Fourier method is described that allows calculation of the time needed for PCTFE parts of known geometry to reach thermal equilibrium during annealing. A voluntary consensus material specification was then implemented to control properties in finished PCTFE parts used in aerospace applications.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPolice.
=650  \0$aAnnealing.
=650  \0$aProperty control.
=650  \0$aProblem advisory.
=650  14$aPCTFE.
=650  24$aPolychlorotrifluoroethylene.
=650  24$aProblem advisory.
=650  24$aMaterial specification.
=650  24$aProperty control.
=650  24$aDimensional instability.
=650  24$aAnnealing.
=700  1\$aJulien, HL.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNewton, BE.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBeeson, HD.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13567.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13568
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13568$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13568$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQE535.2.U6
=082  04$a363.34/957/097$223
=100  1\$aWaller, JM.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aProactive Mitigation of PCTFE-Related Ignition Hazards in Oxygen Systems :$bII. Testing of Inventoried “At-Risk” PCTFE Parts and Hazard Analyses of Corresponding Ground Service Equipment at the Kennedy Space Center /$cJM. Waller, KA. Murray, AR. Staveland, PD. Faughnan, D. Tyre, SR. Smith, T. Gallus, BE. Newton, FY. Hshieh, HD. Beeson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b22
=520  3\$aRevelations of excessive property variation in polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE) semifinished and finished parts led to concerns that leaks or part failure could occur in service, possibly leading to catastrophic component or system failure by flow friction and/or kindling chain mechanisms. Such concerns led to the issuances of an internal Kennedy Space Center (KSC) Problem Advisory and a Government-Industry Data Exchange Program Materials Advisory on PCTFE. The advisories led to an engineering analysis review of PCTFE-containing ground support equipment used in “at-risk” high-pressure oxygen and air systems at KSC Representative PCTFE replacement parts used in “at-risk” systems were removed from inventory and tested. Tests included determination of (1) dimensional stability by thermomechanical analysis and metrology, (2) percent crystallinity by specific gravity, and (3) the effect of annealing on engineering tolerances. While dimensional instability was determined not to be a major issue in existing inventories, establishing traceability back to the semifinished article (starting rod or sheet stock) was often not possible. Percent crystallinity varied widely depending on part origin and thickness. Annealing was found to lead occasionally to out-of-tolerance parts. The pneumatic impact ignition threshold of PCTFE in enriched air was also determined at pressures up to 41.4 MPa. Results show that ignition does not occur at ambient oxygen concentrations. Last, hazard analyses were performed on “at-risk” systems. Two problematic designs were discovered, but based on operational histories, a recommendation was made to redesign or repair and replace on a noninterference basis.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aEarthquake prediction.
=650  \0$aFlow friction.
=650  \0$aKindling chain.
=650  \0$aHazard analysis.
=650  \0$aProblem advisory.
=650  14$aPCTFE.
=650  24$aPolychlorotrifluoroethylene.
=650  24$aProblem advisory.
=650  24$aHigh-pressure gaseous oxygen systems.
=650  24$aHazard analysis.
=650  24$aFlow friction.
=650  24$aKindling chain.
=700  1\$aMurray, KA.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aStaveland, AR.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFaughnan, PD.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTyre, D.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSmith, SR.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGallus, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNewton, BE.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHshieh, FY.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBeeson, HD.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13568.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13569
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13569$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13569$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRC627.T7
=082  04$a616.3/96$223
=100  1\$aWard, NR.,$eauthor.
=245  13$aAn Investigation of Regression Rate of the Melting Interface for Iron Burning in Normal Gravity and Reduced Gravity /$cNR. Ward, T. Suvorovs, TA. Steinberg.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b26
=520  3\$aThis paper investigates the causes of increased regression rates of the melting interface for metals burning in reduced gravity. Promoted ignition tests have been conducted for 3.2-mm diameter iron rods during a transition from normal gravity to reduced gravity. Immediately upon transition to a reduced-gravity environment, a change in regression rate of the melting interface was evident. The rate was consistently 1.75 times higher in reduced gravity than in normal gravity. The sudden increase in regression rate of the melting interface indicates that it is due to a change in the geometry of the molten ball, rather than higher temperatures. A one-dimensional, steady state heat transfer model was developed, correlating regression rate of the melting interface to surface area of the solid/liquid interface. Evidence is presented suggesting that (a) the solid/liquid interface adopts a “dome” shape in reduced gravity, and (b) that this causes an increase in regression rate of the melting interface directly proportional to the increase in surface area of the solid/liquid interface.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aTrace element deficiency diseases.
=650  \0$aVitamin A Deficiency.
=650  \0$aBurning.
=650  \0$aMelting.
=650  \0$aIron.
=650  \0$aHeat transfer.
=650  \0$aReduced gravity.
=650  14$aIron.
=650  24$aBurning.
=650  24$aMelting.
=650  24$aHeat transfer.
=650  24$aSolid/liquid interface.
=650  24$aReduced gravity.
=700  1\$aSuvorovs, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSteinberg, TA.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13569.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13571
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=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
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=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13571$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13571$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRB170
=082  04$a616.07$223
=100  1\$aBarthélémy, H.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Adiabatic Compression Test for Type Approval of Components — History and Final Test Protocol /$cH. Barthélémy.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aThis paper explains why this test was proposed for the qualification of oxygen compatible equipment such as valves, regulators, and flexible hoses. This was done to avoid the repetition of accidents or incidents reported by the industry in high pressure equipment. In addition, this paper explains how this test method was developed and improved over the years and how harmonization was reached in the various Standards. Finally, a proposal for future work is outlined.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAntioxidants.
=650  \0$aActive oxygen.
=650  \0$aFree Radicals adverse effects.
=650  \0$aAdiabatic compression.
=650  \0$aIgnition.
=650  \0$aOxygen.
=650  \0$aEquipment.
=650  \0$aTest.
=650  14$aOxygen.
=650  24$aTest.
=650  24$aAdiabatic compression.
=650  24$aIgnition.
=650  24$aEquipment.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13571.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13573
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13573$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13573$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA463
=082  04$a669.95$223
=100  1\$aZawierucha, R.,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Metallurgist's Views on the Selection of Engineering Alloys for Applications Involving Oxygen-Enriched Atmospheres :$bKeynote Address /$cR. Zawierucha.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b64
=520  3\$aIt is believed that most people never intend to become metallurgists involved in materials selection issues for systems involving oxygen-enriched atmospheres. However, oxygen applications involve multiple engineering and scientific disciplines and as a consequence, metallurgists or materials scientists become involved, sometimes as failure analysts. ASTM Committee G-4 was formed in 1975. Its first standard was G-63, dealing with nonmetallic materials. In its first symposium conducted in 1982, this committee documented its intention to develop selection guidelines for metals. However, test standards for metals still remained in the future. It is the purpose of this paper to review materials testing techniques and criteria for engineering alloys in oxygen-enriched atmospheres. Metallurgical factors which influence materials performance and selection for oxygen applications are discussed. In addition, potential advanced oxygen applications and materials requirements for these applications are reviewed. Testing requirements for advanced applications are discussed. Advanced alloys capable of handling the complex and hazardous environmental conditions will be needed. Engineering trade-offs may be required.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aLiquid metals.
=650  \0$aNitrogen content.
=650  \0$aSteel.
=650  \0$aMaterials selection.
=650  \0$aMetals.
=650  \0$aFlammability.
=650  14$aMetals.
=650  24$aFlammability.
=650  24$aMaterials selection.
=650  24$aPromoted ignition-combustion.
=650  24$aPICT behavior.
=650  24$aOxygen-enriched atmospheres.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13573.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13574
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13574$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13574$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH9446.5.P45
=082  04$a628.9/222$223
=100  1\$aSerrao, GW.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Oxygen Index of Surgical Drape Materials /$cGW. Serrao, MK. Micou, GW. Sidebotham, GL. Wolf.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (5 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b6
=520  3\$aAn effective method for minimizing operating room fires is to use materials that are least flammable in air and in oxygen-enriched atmospheres (OEA). The objective of this study was to characterize the flammability of commonly used surgical drapes by measuring the minimum concentration of oxygen [O2] required to support a candle-like flame on the test specimen, the oxygen index (OI) [1]. Under the conditions studied, the OI was 17.8 for woven cotton towels (Huck), 18.5 for nonwoven cellulose draping, and 22.8 for polypropylene draping. These data demonstrate that materials commonly used for surgical draping have an OI less than or near the O2 content of ambient air (21 %), making them particularly susceptible to fire in the localized OEA of the operating room. Quantitative measures, such as the OI, are useful for determining the relative flammability of materials and their consideration should play an important role in optimizing operating room safety.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFire Science.
=650  \0$aPlastics.
=650  \0$aFire.
=650  \0$aSurgical drape.
=650  \0$aOperating room.
=650  \0$aOxygen index.
=650  \0$aFlammability.
=650  14$aOperating room.
=650  24$aFire.
=650  24$aSurgical drape.
=650  24$aOxygen index.
=650  24$aFlammability.
=700  1\$aMicou, MK.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSidebotham, GW.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWolf, GL.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13574.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13580
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13580$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13580$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRC963.48
=082  04$a155.9/042$223
=100  1\$aHornbach, DJ.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aApplication of Low Plasticity Burnishing (LPB) to Improve the Fatigue Performance of Ti-6Al-4V Femoral Hip Stems /$cDJ. Hornbach, PS. Prevey, EF. Loftus.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b32
=520  3\$aLow plasticity burnishing (LPB) is a surface enhancement method that produces a deep layer of compressive residual stress with minimal cold working and an improved surface finish. Extensive fatigue testing, performed on numerous metal alloys in simulated environmental conditions, demonstrates that LPB significantly improves fatigue strength of highly stressed components. LPB is a flexible process, capable of being implemented on a wide variety of CNC machine tools. A product-specific LPB process was developed and applied to the modular neck taper junction of a Ti-6Al-4V total hip prosthesis (THP). LPB produced a compressive residual stress field with an improved surface finish, which enhanced component fatigue strength and resistance to fretting damage. X-ray diffraction (XRD) residual stress measurements, made before and after LPB application, are shown. High cycle fatigue (HCF) results obtained on LPB-processed hip stems are shown along with baseline data for unprocessed hip stems. HCF tests demonstrate complete elimination of fretting fatigue failures in the LPB processed area of the taper junction and a substantial increase in overall THP fatigue strength.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aJob stress.
=650  \0$aFretting fatigue.
=650  \0$aResidual stress.
=650  \0$aSurface enhancement.
=650  14$aLow plasticity burnishing (LPB)
=650  24$aTotal hip prosthesis.
=650  24$aResidual stress.
=650  24$aHigh cycle fatigue (HCF)
=650  24$aSurface enhancement.
=650  24$aFretting fatigue.
=700  1\$aPrevey, PS.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLoftus, EF.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13580.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13581
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13581$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13581$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRD598
=082  04$a617.4/12$223
=100  1\$aKoppenhoefer, KC.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPrediction of Failure in Existing Heart Valve Designs /$cKC. Koppenhoefer, JS. Crompton, JR. Dydo.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aArtificial heart valves must be designed to survive greater than 109 cycles over 40 years of operation. Thus, fatigue represents one of the primary driving forces for safe operation of these devices. The inability to maintain the long term performance of critical devices in the future may lead to catastrophic failure and patient loss of life. The Bjork-Shiley convexo-concave (BSCC) heart valve provides an excellent case study in heart valve design. Approximately 86 000 valves were implanted from 1979 to 1987 and approximately 1 % of the valves experienced failure due to fatigue. Failures of this type are likely to yield a 70 % mortality rate in patients. To understand the conditions that produced failure, a detailed engineering assessment was conducted to determine valve designs, manufacturing processes, and physiologically related loading conditions that gave rise to an increased risk of failure. The material used in constructing the valve, Haynes 25, possesses good long crack threshold fatigue properties (ΔKth=4.5MPam). However, continued operation of the valves produced cracking under certain physiological circumstances. These assessments indicate that a small subset of valves may operate under conditions that are close to the boundary between continued safe operation and catastrophic failure. These findings should be considered when using materials with inherently lower threshold fatigue properties. Crack growth data show that Nitinol has a threshold stress intensity factor MPa≈2MPam, or less than half that of Haynes 25. Thus, current heart valve designs that use Nitinol should incorporate lessons learned from analyses of the BSCC heart valve to assess the likelihood of premature valve failure due to repeated loading.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCardiology.
=650  \0$aThreshold.
=650  \0$aNitinol.
=650  \0$aHeart valves.
=650  \0$aShort cracks.
=650  \0$aBjork-Shiley.
=650  14$aBjork-Shiley.
=650  24$aShort cracks.
=650  24$aHaynes 25.
=650  24$aNitinol.
=650  24$aThreshold.
=650  24$aHeart valves.
=700  1\$aCrompton, JS.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDydo, JR.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13581.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13614
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=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13614$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13614$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQH327
=082  04$a571.0919$223
=100  1\$aPenha, RN.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSimulation of Heat Transfer and Residual Stresses from Cooling Curves Obtained in Quenching Studies /$cRN. Penha, LCF Canale, GE. Totten, GS. Sarmiento, JM. Ventura.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b21
=520  3\$aThis paper describes the use of computational simulation of heat transfer and resulting residual stress obtained by quenching a standard probe into different quench oils. Cooling curves were obtained after immersing a preheated 12.-mm diameter × 60 mm cylindrical Inconel 600 (Wolfson) probe with a Type K thermocouple inserted into the geometric center into a mineral oil quenchant as described in ASTM D 6200. Four different oil quenchants were used. Three of these oils were typical commercial quench oils and one was a used quench oil from a heat treating shop. Heat transfer coefficients were estimated using HT-Mod, a recently released commercial computational code. Using the cooling curve temperature—time data, the temperature distribution within the probe and the corresponding residual stresses were calculated using ABAQUS. These results of this work illustrate potential benefits of computational simulation to examine the potential impact of different quenchants and quenching conditions on a heat treatment process.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSpace Simulation.
=650  \0$aAstronauts.
=650  \0$aQuenching.
=650  \0$aSimulation.
=650  \0$aQuenchants.
=650  \0$aResidual stresses.
=650  14$aQuenching.
=650  24$aQuenchants.
=650  24$aSimulation.
=650  24$aResidual stresses.
=650  24$aHeat transfer coefficient.
=700  1\$aCanale, LCF,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTotten, GE.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSarmiento, GS.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aVentura, JM.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13614.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13637
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13637$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13637$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA438
=082  04$a620.135$223
=100  1\$aMarceau, ML.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aComparison of the Life Cycle Assessments of an Insulating Concrete Form House and a Wood Frame House /$cML. Marceau, MG. VanGeem.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b14
=520  3\$aAn environmental life cycle assessment (LCA) was conducted on a single-family house modeled with two types of exterior walls: wood framed and insulating concrete form (ICF). The LCA was carried out in accordance with the guidelines of the ISO 14000 family of standards. The LCA includes the inputs and outputs of energy and materials from (i) extraction and manufacturing of materials, (ii) construction, (iii) occupancy (including heating and cooling energy use), and (iv) maintenance over a 100-year life. The houses were modeled in five cities representing a range of U.S. climates: Miami, Phoenix, Seattle, Washington, and Chicago. The results show that in almost all cases, for a given climate, the environmental impact in each category is greater (worse) for the wood house than for the ICF house. The reduction in environmental impacts provided by the ICF house compared to the wood-frame house varied from 3% to 6%, depending on climate. Furthermore, the most significant environmental impacts are not from construction products but from the production and household use of electricity and natural gas. Since the ICF walls are more highly insulating and energy efficient than the wood-frame walls, the ICF house has lower impacts. Among construction products used in the house, wood products and copper tubing have the largest environmental load, followed by cement-based products.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCement composites.
=650  \0$aPolymer-impregnated cement.
=650  \0$aPolymer-impregnated concrete.
=650  \0$aConcrete.
=650  \0$aEnvironmental impact.
=650  \0$aLife cycle assessment.
=650  14$aConcrete.
=650  24$aEnvironmental impact.
=650  24$aHouse.
=650  24$aInsulating concrete form.
=650  24$aLife cycle assessment.
=700  1\$aVanGeem, MG.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13637.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13638
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13638$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13638$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA441
=082  04$a693/.5$223
=100  1\$aBuchanan, MS.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSuperpave and the Aggregate Industry /$cMS. Buchanan, CR. Marek, JD. Powell.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b34
=520  3\$aThe Superior Performing Asphalt Pavement (Superpave) mix design system was developed under the Strategic Highway Research Program, which was completed in 1993. Superpave consists of new methodologies for evaluation and selection of hot mix asphalt (HMA) material constituents along with new laboratory compaction protocols. During Superpave development, significant research focused on the performance grade asphalt binder system and gyratory compaction development. In contrast, very little research was performed to determine those aggregate properties and specification requirements most closely related to HMA mix performance. In 2000, the aggregate industry prepared a white paper for, and at the request of, the Transportation Research Board Expert Task Group on Superpave Mixtures and Aggregates. The paper focused on discussion of aggregate related issues that presented challenges to the implementation and use of Superpave. Since the white paper was written, Superpave has undergone modifications (specifications and general use or practice) based on completed research and general knowledge obtained. Many Superpave modifications were addressed in varying degrees in the white paper, and it is now important to discuss the impact of these modifications on HMA performance and the aggregate industry. In addition, other aggregate related issues are presented and discussed, including inconsistent fine aggregate definition, influence of minus 0.075 mm sieve material on fine aggregate specific gravity determination, aggregate production and particle shape, and the influence of aggregate on dynamic modulus.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAlkali aggregate reactions.
=650  \0$aConcrete Defects.
=650  \0$aAggregate.
=650  \0$aSuperpave.
=650  \0$aHot mix asphalt.
=650  \0$aSpecific gravity.
=650  14$aSuperpave.
=650  24$aAggregate.
=650  24$aHot mix asphalt.
=650  24$aSpecific gravity.
=700  1\$aMarek, CR.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPowell, JD.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13638.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13639
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13639$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13639$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTE270
=082  04$a625.8/5$223
=100  1\$aHall, KD.,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Comprehensive Examination of the Internal Angle of Gyration for the Superpave Gyratory Compactor /$cKD. Hall.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aThe Superpave gyratory compactor (SGC) is the “centerpiece” of the Superpave system. Hot-mix asphalt (HMA) specimens are compacted in the laboratory using the SGC through the application of pressure and an applied angle of gyration. The original compaction specification for the SGC requires the angle of gyration to be 22°±0.35 mrad (1.25±0.02 deg), measured externally to the compaction mold. Due to concerns regarding the inability of different compactors to produce HMA specimens with similar density, the Dynamic Angle Validation (DAV) kit was developed to measure the angle of gyration internally, or inside the mold. The DAV requires the use of HMA for the internal angle determination; logistical concerns and other issues led to the introduction of devices—the Rapid Angle Measurement (RAM) and the Hot-Mix Simulator (HMS)—which mechanically simulate the load placed on the SGC by the mix being compacted. This paper presents a summary of the state-of-the-practice concerning the internal angle of gyration and addresses potential strategies for implementing an internal angle specification into routine Superpave mixture design and quality control practices.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPavements, Asphalt concrete.
=650  \0$aMix design.
=650  \0$aInternal angle.
=650  \0$aHot-mix asphalt.
=650  14$aSuperpave Gyratory Compactor.
=650  24$aInternal angle.
=650  24$aHot-mix asphalt.
=650  24$aSimulated load device.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13639.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13643
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13643$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13643$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTE7
=082  04$a625.8/5$223
=100  1\$aMcDaniel, RS.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aTweaking the System :$bModifications to the Superpave Mix Design System /$cRS. McDaniel, K. Hansen, DE. Newcomb, DS. Decker.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b4
=520  3\$aA recent survey by the Association of Modified Asphalt Producers showed that a majority of states now use some form of PG+ specifications, meaning that they have added tests or requirements to the Performance Graded (PG) binder specification. The situation for the Superpave mix design system is analogous. States have added requirements, changed various parameters, and implemented or declined to implement revisions to the AASHTO specifications. In 2004 and 2005, the National Asphalt Pavement Association and Federal Highway Administration sponsored a series of regional workshops across the country to assess the current state of the practice with Superpave and hot mix asphalt in general. Four workshops were held in conjunction with the regional asphalt user producer group meetings. At these workshops, industry and agency personnel shared their experiences with Superpave. One key objective of the workshops was to determine what changes had been made to the mix design system and the rationale for those changes. This paper summarizes the changes that have been made to the system across the country, giving a snapshot of the current state of the practice.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAsphalt emulsion mixtures.
=650  \0$aQuality control.
=650  \0$aSuperpave.
=650  \0$aMix design.
=650  \0$aBinder.
=650  \0$aAggregates.
=650  \0$aSpecifications.
=650  \0$aAsphalt.
=650  14$aSuperpave.
=650  24$aAsphalt.
=650  24$aAggregates.
=650  24$aBinder.
=650  24$aMix design.
=650  24$aSpecifications.
=700  1\$aHansen, K.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNewcomb, DE.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDecker, DS.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13643.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13648
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13648$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13648$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTD794.5
=082  04$a745.2$223
=100  1\$aBargaheiser, K.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aGreening of Mortars with Pozzolans /$cK. Bargaheiser, DH. Nordmeye.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aGrowing interest in sustainable building has created a strong interest in fly ash and other coal combustion products (CCPs). Emergence of agencies like the U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC) and the Coal Combustion Products Partnership (C2P2) of the USEPA has accelerated this trend. Their primary goal is sustainable development, focusing on environmental and social concerns. More than 30% of the 100 million tons of coal combustion products produced in the U.S. annually are being beneficially used in such things as manufactured stone, ceramic tile, shingles, concrete, aerated cellular concrete blocks, concrete blocks, stuccos, and mortars. The use of CCPs positively impacts the environment. Specifiers, contractors, and industry need to recognize that environmental stewardship today affects our children tomorrow. The features and benefits recognized in pozzolanic mortars reach beyond the technical, environmental, social, and sustainable aspects of this mortar. They signal future generations to track, improve, and develop mortars beyond any of our current technology.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aRecycling.
=650  \0$aIndustrial management.
=650  \0$aSustainable.
=650  \0$aMortars.
=650  \0$aPozzolans.
=650  \0$aMasonry cement.
=650  14$aMortars.
=650  24$aPozzolans.
=650  24$aLEED.
=650  24$aSustainable.
=650  24$aMasonry cement.
=650  24$aGreen.
=700  1\$aNordmeye, DH.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13648.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13651
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13651$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13651$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aDS684.W47
=082  04$a959.9031$223
=100  1\$aConway, JT.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aReplacement of the Final Time of Setting Maximum with an Initial Time of Setting Maximum as measured with the Gillmore Needles in ASTM C 91, C 1328, and C 1329 /$cJT. Conway.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aASTM Subcommittee C01.11 on Masonry Cement, established a task group on methods of test which determined whether the final time of setting maximum limit could be replaced with an initial time of setting maximum limit. A review was conducted of 52 Cement and Concrete Reference Laboratory proficiency samples (spanning 26 years) and data from the Portland Cement Association Masonry Cement Survey. Findings indicate a very reliable and simple linear relationship exists between masonry cement initial and final Gillmore time of setting. Data is presented which resulted in a specification change to ASTM C 91, ASTM C 1328, and ASTM C 1329 in 2005.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBaler (Philippines)
=650  \0$aGillmore.
=650  \0$aTime of setting.
=650  14$aGillmore.
=650  24$aTime of setting.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13651.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13661
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13661$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13661$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN271.P4
=082  04$a622/.1828/0285$223
=100  1\$aCohen, GL.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSeismic Evaluation of Low-Rise Reinforced Masonry Buildings with Flexible Diaphragms /$cGL. Cohen, RE. Klingner, JR. Hayes, SC. Sweeney.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (38 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b44
=520  3\$aThis paper provides an integrated approach to the seismic evaluation of low-rise reinforced masonry buildings with flexible roof diaphragms. The paper is divided into four phases. In Phase 1 (Behavior), results from shaking-table testing, quasi-static testing, and analytical predictions are integrated to provide a coherent description of the seismic response of low-rise reinforced masonry buildings with flexible roof diaphragms. Two half-scale, low-rise reinforced masonry buildings with flexible roof diaphragms are subjected to earthquake ground motions on the Tri-axial Earthquake and Shock Simulator at the United States Army Construction Engineering Research Laboratory, Engineer Research and Development Center. Following the shaking-table tests, diaphragms and top four courses of attached masonry walls are salvaged from the half-scale structures and tested quasi-statically in their own plane. A new index, the diaphragm drift ratio, is introduced to describe the potential for diaphragm damage. In Phase 2 (Analysis), coordinated analytical modeling is developed and implemented to corroborate and extend the results of that experimental work, and to examine the efficacy and accuracy of different analytical modeling approaches. Linear elastic finite-element models, simplified two-degree-of-freedom models, and nonlinear lumped-parameter models are developed; all agree well with measured responses. In Phase 3 (Seismic Evaluation), the first two phases are used to develop and verify a simple extension to FEMA 310, the predominant seismic evaluation methodology for low-rise reinforced masonry building with flexible diaphragms. In Phase 4 (Application and Verification), the proposed extension, applied to four existing buildings, is shown to be simple, useful, and necessary.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPattern recognition systems.
=650  \0$aLow-rise.
=650  \0$aSeismic response.
=650  \0$aFlexible diaphragm.
=650  \0$aSeismic evaluation.
=650  \0$aMasonry.
=650  14$aLow-rise.
=650  24$aMasonry.
=650  24$aFlexible diaphragm.
=650  24$aSeismic response.
=650  24$aSeismic evaluation.
=700  1\$aKlingner, RE.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHayes, JR.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSweeney, SC.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13661.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13679
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13679$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13679$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTJ840
=082  04$a621.51$223
=100  1\$aTapia, SA.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPneumatic Impact Ignition of Sebum Oil Film in High-Pressure Oxygen /$cSA. Tapia, SR. Smith, F-Y Hshieh, JM. Stoltzfus.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aWhenever oxygen systems are assembled or maintained, a risk of introducing contamination arises. Potential contaminants include oils from a person's hands and body left behind in the form of fingerprints. The oil on the surface of skin is a complex mixture of sebum oil, lipids, sweat, and environmental materials. In high-pressure systems, heat from rapid pressurization is a high-risk ignition mechanism for the sebum contaminant. The rapid pressurization or pneumatic impact ignition of hydrocarbon-based oil contaminant in high-pressure oxygen has been widely studied. This study investigated the rapid pressurization ignition of sebum contaminant in high-pressure oxygen. The pneumatic impact ignition test of sebum contaminant was conducted according to NASA-STD-6001 Test 14. The ends of stainless steel cylindrical rods were coated with synthetic sebum at varying surface concentrations, and impacted with 27.6 MPa oxygen. The results show that there is a threshold level of sebum contaminant for ignition by rapid pressurization. The level of sebum contaminant that can be expected to be deposited by handling oxygen system components, an analysis on sebum oil properties and associated fire hazards, and the threshold levels of sebum contaminant required for rapid pressurization ignition in a high-pressure oxygen system are presented and discussed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHydraulic machinery.
=650  \0$aIgnition threshold.
=650  \0$aAdiabatic compression.
=650  \0$aHigh-pressure oxygen.
=650  \0$aPneumatic impact.
=650  \0$aSebum contaminant.
=650  \0$aIgnition probability.
=650  14$aPneumatic impact.
=650  24$aRapid pressurization ignition.
=650  24$aSebum contaminant.
=650  24$aAdiabatic compression.
=650  24$aHigh-pressure oxygen.
=650  24$aIgnition threshold.
=650  24$aIgnition probability.
=700  1\$aSmith, SR.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHshieh, F-Y,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aStoltzfus, JM.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13679.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13884
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13884$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13884$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA459
=082  04$a620.1623$223
=100  1\$aCeschini, L.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aTribological Behavior and Corrosion Resistance of Kolsterized AISI316L Austenitic Stainless Steel :$bExisting Applications in the Automotive Industry /$cL. Ceschini, E. Lanzoni, G. Sambogna, V. Bordiga, T. Schild.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b17
=520  3\$aIn this paper the effect of Kolsterizing, a commercial low temperature carburizing process, on the dry sliding wear behaviour and corrosion resistance of the AISI316L austenitic stainless steel is presented and discussed, together with some applications of the process in the automotive field. The treatment significantly enhances the surface hardness of the steel; this hardness increase is due to the formation of a carbon-supersaturated austenite phase, without carbide precipitation. The Kolsterizing process also significantly increases the dry sliding wear resistance of the steel, both against metallic and ceramic countermaterials. Severe wear occurs in the case of the untreated steel, with strong adhesion, abrasion, and severe plastic deformation; while a moderate oxidative wear regime is observed for the low temperature carburized steel. The corrosion resistance in H2SO4 0.5 M and chloride-containing electrolytes is also significantly improved, thanks to the formation of a C-rich surface layer that ennobles the treated steel. At very high anodic potentials this surface layer is locally penetrated, producing a pitting-like corrosion form.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMetals.
=650  \0$aAlloys.
=650  \0$aKolsterizing.
=650  \0$aAISI316L.
=650  \0$aCorrosion.
=650  \0$aSliding wear.
=650  14$aAISI316L.
=650  24$aLow temperature carburizing.
=650  24$aKolsterizing.
=650  24$aSliding wear.
=650  24$aCorrosion.
=700  1\$aLanzoni, E.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSambogna, G.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBordiga, V.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSchild, T.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13884.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13885
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13885$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13885$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRD768
=082  04$a617.5/6059$223
=100  1\$aDisegi, JA.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aRadio Frequency Plasma Treatment of PEEK Spinal Implants /$cJA. Disegi, MA. Roybal.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (5 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b6
=520  3\$aRecent material developments have enabled metallic vertebral spacers to be redesigned from a biocompatible radiolucent polymer to allow clear X-Ray or MR assessment of bony fusion. Improved visualization response is considered a major clinical advantage during the post-operative recovery period. The use of implant quality polyetheretherketone (PEEK) polymer for the fabrication of radiolucent vertebral spacers poses a new set of material challenges. Traditional manufacturing methods associated with metallic implants are generally not satisfactory for polymeric materials. Polymers are relatively soft when compared to implant alloys and this can create manufacturing problems related to machining, deburring, and cleaning operations. The present study was performed to evaluate the use of radio frequency (RF) plasma treatment as a final surface modification for PEEK spinal implants. A brief description of the radio frequency plasma process is presented in addition to a discussion of the interaction between the gas plasma and substrate. Surface evaluation included goniometry testing to determine water contact angle before and after plasma treatment. X-ray photon spectroscopy analysis was used to characterize the elemental peaks, bond energies, and to define the semi-quantitative composition of the treated implant specimens. The relative advantages of plasma treatment are summarized.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSpine Surgery.
=650  \0$aSpinal implants.
=650  14$aPolymers (surgical applications)
=650  24$aPolyetheretherketone (PEEK) polymers.
=650  24$aSpinal implants.
=700  1\$aRoybal, MA.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13885.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13886
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13886$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13886$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aPS3566.A822
=082  04$a813/.54$223
=100  1\$aFrauchiger, V.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aIndustrial Cleaning of Implants :$bPerformance Validation of Cleaning Scheme /$cV. Frauchiger, B. Weber, T. Maurer, G. Ruetti, R. Luginbuehl.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aThe quality of medical devices depends strongly on the proper cleaning of the devices in the line of processing. Residue-free implants are not only a benefit for the patient in the long term, but they also help to reduce the number of rejections due to insufficient surface quality. The performance of the new, fully automated aqueous immersion cleaning system revealed a very high cleaning efficiency for metallic implants. An organically based model process adjuvant was used as contaminant. Custom designed metallic bodies made of implant quality material and exhibiting different surface textures served as test coupons. The analysis of the residues was carried out using gas chromatography separation and mass spectrometry analysis. The amount of organic residues found on the test coupons was below the set quantification limit of 0.1 mg—most of the time even below the detection limit of 0.01 mg total organic compounds.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aDrinking water.
=650  \0$aContamination.
=650  \0$aExtraction.
=650  \0$aValidation.
=650  \0$aCleanliness.
=650  \0$aImplants.
=650  \0$aResidues.
=650  14$aImplants.
=650  24$aCleanliness.
=650  24$aResidues.
=650  24$aContamination.
=650  24$aExtraction.
=650  24$aGC-MS.
=650  24$aValidation.
=700  1\$aWeber, B.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMaurer, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRuetti, G.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLuginbuehl, R.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13886.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13887
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13887$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13887$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aGB450.2
=082  04$a551.41$223
=100  1\$aMurakami, K.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Lasting Effect of Sand Capping Techniques on Nutrient Release Reduction from Contaminated Sediments in Tokyo Bay /$cK. Murakami, Y. Nobusawa, Y. Kameyama.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b3
=520  3\$aThis paper describes the lasting effect of sand capping techniques on nutrient release reduction from contaminated sediments. Bottom sediments in Tokyo Bay are very contaminated as the results of eutrophication behavior. From the sediments, a large amount of nutrients are released into seawater bodies. In order to know the effect of the sand capping technique on nutrient release reduction and its lasting effect, we carried out the undisturbed sediment sampling at Yokohama Port. Then we carried out the laboratory tests to estimate the nutrient release rate. From the study, it is concluded that the sand capping technique has a still effect on nutrient release reduction from the contaminated sediments, and the effectiveness is dependent upon the thickness of mud layer accumulated on the capped sand.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBeach erosion.
=650  \0$aStorm surges.
=650  \0$aNutrient release.
=650  \0$aSand capping.
=650  \0$aLaboratory test.
=650  14$aContaminated sediments.
=650  24$aNutrient release.
=650  24$aSand capping.
=650  24$aLaboratory test.
=650  24$aTokyo bay.
=700  1\$aNobusawa, Y.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKameyama, Y.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13887.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13891
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13891$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13891$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRC81
=082  04$a616$223
=100  1\$aHieb, BR.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Case for a Voluntary National Healthcare Identifier /$cBR. Hieb.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references.
=520  3\$aThis paper describes a proposed system to create a voluntary national healthcare identification (VNHID) system for the United States. This system would be implemented in addition to the national linkage mechanisms currently being proposed as part of a national health information network. It will provide demonstrable improvements in the privacy, security, and efficiency of the system. It would also eliminate a significant set of errors inherent in the currently proposed health information linkage system. The proposed VNHID system is able to meet the vast majority of the objections that have previously been raised concerning a national healthcare identifier on the basis of privacy concerns. The system has the potential to be implemented rapidly and would not require the development of a national consensus prior to implementation.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMedicine.
=650  \0$aDiagnostics.
=650  \0$aHealthcare identifier.
=650  \0$aNational identifier.
=650  \0$aVoluntary identifier.
=650  14$aHealthcare identifier.
=650  24$aVoluntary identifier.
=650  24$aNational identifier.
=650  24$aNationwide health information network.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13891.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13893
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13893$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13893$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aUC503
=082  04$a623.4/41$223
=100  1\$aShealy, JE.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aOn Piste Fatalities in Recreational Snow Sports in the U.S /$cJE. Shealy, RJ. Johnson, CF. Ettlinger.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b14
=520  3\$aThis study documents fatalities and risk factors in alpine winter sports. The authors have tracked all known fatalities (n = 854) occurring to recreational skiers and snowboarders within the boundaries of ski resorts in the United States since January 1978 through the winter of 2004/05. Data are limited to trauma deaths. Medical emergency deaths, deaths to employees, and deaths involving uphill lift facilities were excluded. Fatality data came from three sources: the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC), the National Ski Areas Association (NSAA), and public news sources. Information concerning the accident, the injury, and the equipment used, were recorded. Data on skier and snowboarder resort utilization and demographic variables were obtained from NSAA annual reports. This particular analysis covers the 14 seasons 1991/92 through 2004/05. Five hundred sixty-two deaths were recorded; 97 to snowboarders and 465 to skiers during 761 million resort visits. During that time, helmet utilization went from essentially zero to 33.2% for the general at-risk population. The fatality rate for skiers was 0.75 deaths per million visits (D/MV), and the snowboarder rate was 0.53 D/MV. These rates have not changed significantly over time. Most fatalities occurred to experienced males between the ages of 18 to 43. The most common scenario is a severe head injury resulting from high speed impact with a tree on or beside an intermediate trail. During the three most recent seasons, the known average prevalence of helmet utilization was 38.7% among the fatally injured. Helmet utilization does not appear to affect fatality incidence, but it does shift primary cause of death patterns, from mostly head injuries for those not using a helmet to mostly chest and torso for those wearing a helmet. The fatality rate for alpine skiers remained significantly higher than for snowboarders. The demographic profile of the fatally injured remained unchanged from previous research.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHead Protective Devices.
=650  \0$aSkiing.
=650  \0$aSnowboarding.
=650  \0$aHelmets.
=650  \0$aTrends.
=650  \0$aFatality.
=650  14$aFatality.
=650  24$aSkiing.
=650  24$aSnowboarding.
=650  24$aHelmets.
=650  24$aNARSID.
=650  24$aU.S.
=650  24$aTrends.
=700  1\$aJohnson, RJ.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aEttlinger, CF.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13893.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13894
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13894$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13894$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC107
=082  04$a537/.2446$223
=100  1\$aSmith, AL.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aGravimetric Analysis of the Nonvolatile Residue from an Evaporated Droplet, Using the Quartz Crystal Microbalance/Heat Conduction Calorimeter /$cAL. Smith.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (4 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b4
=520  3\$aA quartz crystal microbalance/heat conduction calorimeter (QCM/HCC) has been used to determine the nonvolatile residue at the parts-per-million level in 10 µL droplets of methanol and a 45 µL droplet of water. The QCM was used to measure the mass of the nonvolatile residue, and the calorimeter was used to determine the mass of the solvent by the heat required to evaporate the droplet.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aQuartz crystal microbalances.
=650  \0$aPhysics.
=650  \0$aElectromagnetism.
=650  \0$aExtractable residue.
=650  \0$aNonvolatile residue.
=650  \0$aGravimetric analysis.
=650  14$aGravimetric analysis.
=650  24$aNonvolatile residue.
=650  24$aQuartz crystal microbalance.
=650  24$aExtractable residue.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13894.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI13895
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI13895$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI13895$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD502
=082  04$a541.394$223
=100  1\$aLyon, RE.,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Thermal Analysis Method for Measuring Polymer Flammability /$cRE. Lyon, RN. Walters, SI. Stoliarov.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (18 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b63
=520  3\$aA thermal analysis method is presented in which controlled heating of polymer samples and complete combustion of the evolved gases are used to separately reproduce the condensed and gas phase processes of flaming combustion in a single laboratory test. Oxygen consumption calorimetry applied to the combustion gas stream gives the heat release rate history of the sample as a function of its temperature. The maximum rate of heat release and the temperature at which it occurs are polymer characteristics related to fire performance and flame resistance.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aChemical reactions.
=650  \0$aFluid dynamics.
=650  \0$aPlastic.
=650  \0$aFire.
=650  \0$aHeat release.
=650  \0$aCombustion.
=650  \0$aOxygen consumption.
=650  \0$aPolymer.
=650  \0$aKinetics.
=650  \0$aCalorimetry.
=650  \0$aFlammability.
=650  14$aPolymer.
=650  24$aPlastic.
=650  24$aFire.
=650  24$aFlammability.
=650  24$aFlame.
=650  24$aHeat release.
=650  24$aKinetics.
=650  24$aCombustion.
=650  24$aOxygen consumption.
=650  24$aCalorimetry.
=700  1\$aWalters, RN.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aStoliarov, SI.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI13895.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI14018
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI14018$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI14018$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK4601
=082  04$a671$223
=100  1\$aOkoro, OI.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDynamic Modelling and Simulation of Squirrel-Cage Asynchronous Machine with Non-Linear Effects /$cOI. Okoro.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b19
=520  3\$aThe paper presents the dynamic modelling and computer simulation of a squirrel-cage induction machine with non-linear effects. The computer simulation for the transient operation is obtained from the non-linear differential system of equations, which describe the induction machine in the rotor reference frame and with currents as state variables. It is shown that by using the characteristic data available from d.c. measurement, no-load, Blocked rotor, and retardation tests of the machine as well as the results obtained from the optimization of the T-model rotor circuit, accurate simulation of the machine under dynamic condition is possible. The simulated time function of the transient current, mechanical speed, and shaft torque characteristics of the machine are compared with the experimental results.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aInduction heating.
=650  \0$aElectric heating.
=650  \0$aNo-load.
=650  \0$aInduction machine.
=650  \0$aDynamic modelling.
=650  \0$aT-model.
=650  \0$aBlocked rotor.
=650  \0$aSkin-effect.
=650  14$aDynamic modelling.
=650  24$aNo-load.
=650  24$aBlocked rotor.
=650  24$aT-model.
=650  24$aSkin-effect.
=650  24$aInduction machine.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI14018.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI14019
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI14019$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI14019$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA681
=082  04$a624.1/834$223
=100  1\$aEkenel, M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDurability Performance of Bridge Concretes, Part II :$bHigh-Strength Concrete (HSC) /$cM. Ekenel, JJ. Myers.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b19
=520  3\$aA study was undertaken on the durability of high-strength concrete (HSC) produced using locally available materials in the State of Missouri. Thirty-six (36) different mixtures were produced as HSC. 30 % fly ash replacement by cement weight was utilized in the HSC mixtures, and ground granulated blast-furnace slag (GGBFS) was also substituted by 5 % of the cement weight for some mixtures. The mixtures included locally available limestone as coarse aggregate. The mixtures without cement replacement displayed higher strength development at the end of 56 days. All the air-entrained mixtures performed well under 300 freezing and thawing cycles warranting a minimal level of air entrainment requirement. However, the samples in which GGBFS was utilized performed poorly relative to the other samples. Similar poor performance was obtained from the same samples in chloride permeability tests.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aconcrete construction Maintenance and repair.
=650  \0$aWaterproofing.
=650  \0$aMix proportions.
=650  \0$aAir-entrainment.
=650  \0$aConcrete durability.
=650  14$aHigh-strength concrete.
=650  24$aMix proportions.
=650  24$aAir-entrainment.
=650  24$aConcrete durability.
=700  1\$aMyers, JJ.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI14019.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI14022
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI14022$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI14022$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRG628.3.U58
=082  04$a618.3207543$223
=100  1\$aJohansson, TI.,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Review of Swedish Bearing Steel Manufacturing and Quality Assurance of Steel Products /$cTI. Johansson, TB. Lund, PLJ Ölund.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b3
=520  3\$aThe Swedish bearing steel industry dates back a century. Already in the early days, Swedish bearing steels were characterized by an exceptionally high quality due to the availability of pure iron ores that made it possible to produce bearing steels by the acid open-hearth processes. Development of the ladle furnace process using inductive stirring made it possible to use the much more flexible and cost effective electric arc melting process. The strive to produce ever better steel products has been strong, driven by increasing demands on final product performance. Developments in steel processing technology, process know-how, and understanding of the complex relationships governing steel cleanliness are worth noting. Methods used have undergone vast improvements in recent times and the development continues. The same situation is valid for the quality assurance methods employed in the manufacturing of steel products.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCommodification.
=650  \0$aUltrasonic.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aQuality assurance.
=650  \0$aSteel making.
=650  \0$aBearing steel.
=650  14$aBearing steel.
=650  24$aQuality assurance.
=650  24$aSteel making.
=650  24$aNonmetallic inclusions.
=650  24$aFatigue.
=650  24$aUltrasonic.
=700  1\$aLund, TB.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aÖlund, PLJ,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI14022.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI14024
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI14024$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI14024$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN693.I7
=082  04$a669/.96142$223
=100  1\$aZheng, L.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aStudy of Vacuum Carbon-Deoxidization of High Carbon Chromium Bearing Steel /$cL. Zheng, X. Minghua.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b5
=520  3\$aThis paper describes the negative influence of high residual aluminum which is used as a deoxidant in the steel and raises the newest control requirement for high carbon steel on residual aluminum. By means of thermodynamic calculation and production practices, the total oxygen (Σ[O]) in the steel can be 10 ppm through carbon-oxygen reaction under the conditions of high vacuum, proper top slag composition, and argon stirring during ladle refining/vacuum degassing (LF/VD) processes of high carbon chromium bearing steel. Meanwhile, the size of D-type inclusion in the steel is obviously reduced. Thus, the purity of the bearing steel is improved. Since the consumption of aluminum used for deoxidation is reduced, the unit cost of bearing steel is obviously reduced.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSteel $xMetallography.
=650  \0$aSteel $xMetallurgy.
=650  \0$aBearing steel.
=650  \0$aResidual aluminum.
=650  \0$aVacuum.
=650  \0$aDeoxidation.
=650  \0$aPurity.
=650  14$aBearing steel.
=650  24$aResidual aluminum.
=650  24$aVacuum.
=650  24$aDeoxidation.
=650  24$aPurity.
=700  1\$aMinghua, X.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI14024.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI14030
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI14030$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI14030$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA472
=082  04$a672$223
=100  1\$aUnigame, Y.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEvaluation Procedures of Nonmetallic Inclusions in Steel for Highly Reliable Bearings /$cY. Unigame, K. Hiraoka, I. Takasu, Y. Kato.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aThe improvement in rolling contact fatigue life is a key subject to increase the reliability of bearings. It has been well known that the fatigue properties are significantly affected by nonmetallic inclusions in steel. The rolling contact fatigue life may be divided into two types, according to the type of reliability requirements. One is “L10 life,” which represents general bearing performance. The other is “accidental short life,” where a bearing prematurely fails in its service period and its calculated life is hardly met. Since the probabilities of these failures are significantly different, the distribution densities of the corresponding life-limiting inclusions are also expected to be widely different. When nonmetallic inclusions are evaluated as an index of fatigue life, therefore, testing volume should be appropriately determined according to the concerned type of life. From this point of view, it is effective for the reliability assessment of bearing steel to combine the evaluations of large microscopic inclusions by statistics of extreme value and macroscopic inclusions in larger volume by a high-frequency ultrasonic test. It was found that the L10 life determined by thrust-type rolling-contact fatigue tests was well correlated with maximum micro-inclusion diameter predicted by the statistics of extreme value, where both oxide and sulfide played as life-limiting inclusions. Fifteen MHz ultrasonic testing was employed to evaluate the macroscopic inclusions. The combination of these two procedures was able to demonstrate the difference in reliability clearly, even when other cleanliness indices could not characterize the concerned materials.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSteel, Bearing.
=650  \0$aUltrasonic testing.
=650  \0$aBearing steel.
=650  \0$aUltrasonic test.
=650  \0$aReliability.
=650  14$aBearing steel.
=650  24$aRolling-contact fatigue life.
=650  24$aReliability.
=650  24$aNonmetallic inclusions.
=650  24$aStatistics of extreme value.
=650  24$aUltrasonic test.
=700  1\$aHiraoka, K.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTakasu, I.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKato, Y.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI14030.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI14032
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI14032$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI14032$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN693.I7
=082  04$a669/.96142$223
=100  1\$aHénault, E.,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Statistical Method to Assess the Reliability of Cleanness Measurements for High Quality Bearing Steels /$cE. Hénault.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b10
=520  3\$aDuring the past decade, greatly increased in-service demands on finished products such as gears, bearings, and springs have inspired a wish by steel makers to guarantee the highest level of cleanness in their steels. In order to achieve this, it has been necessary to develop methods of characterization of cleanness which can describe all the nonmetallic inclusion populations endogenous and exogenous contained in the steel. These methods are essentially based on quantitative metallography and ultrasonic tests. Statistical tools have also been developed to maximize the accuracy of measurements in relation to the time taken to make them, and to answer the key question: What is the minimum analyzed volume for which a measurement can be expected to yield a reliable estimate of a specific in-service property? For quantitative metallographic methods, smaller inclusion densities necessitate an increase in the surface area analyzed, and the study of a larger surface is time consuming. Extreme value analysis is a further method for prediction of the expected size of the largest inclusion in a volume. Often, however, the amount of material examined is not sufficient to assess the quality of the heat with complete certainty. Other tools that have been developed utilize high frequency ultrasonic tests over a frequency range from 10 to 100 MHz, which make it possible to detect inclusions with diameters ranging from 15 µm to 1 mm. In all cases, in order to obtain accurate estimates of the densities of nonmetallic inclusions, it is important to know the appropriate settings for the measurement method. In particular, it is very important to estimate the diagnosis error when we rate a product on the basis of measurements. For each of these inspection techniques, statistical models have been developed to assess the main statistical properties of the methods. The results are reported here. They give a basis for comparison of steel heats that takes account of knowledge of the confidence level of the various measurement methods.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSteel $xMetallography.
=650  \0$aSteel $xMetallurgy.
=650  \0$aTest method.
=650  \0$aBearing steel.
=650  \0$aSimulation.
=650  \0$aCleanness.
=650  \0$aInclusions.
=650  14$aBearing steel.
=650  24$aInclusions.
=650  24$aCleanness.
=650  24$aTest method.
=650  24$aSimulation.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI14032.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI14036
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI14036$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI14036$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN693.I7
=082  04$a669/.96142$223
=100  1\$aMuroi, T.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aRapid Evaluation of Inclusions in Bearing Steel /$cT. Muroi, W. Nagasawa, H. Narai, M. Ohori.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b10
=520  3\$aThe rolling contact fatigue (rcf) life of bearing steel is closely related to the steel cleanliness. To assess steel cleanliness, traditional methods such as optical image analysis and Statistics of Extreme Value are often used. The results obtained using these traditional methods of assessing steel cleanliness correlate well with the rcf life. More recently, pulse height distribution analysis (PDA) has been developed to determine steel cleanliness. Despite some issues surrounding the PDA method for assessing steel cleanliness, PDA is still considered to be superior to traditional methods for the quick assessment of nonmetallic inclusion in steels. A comparison has been made between the steel cleanliness results obtained by traditional optical image analysis and PDA to determine if the results of PDA can be used as a meaningful indicator of the rcf life of bearing steels. The comparison showed that the size of inclusions obtained by PDA agreed reasonably with the size of inclusion obtained using optical image analysis. Consequently, it should be possible to use the PDA results as an indicator of rcf life.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSteel $xMetallography.
=650  \0$aSteel $xMetallurgy.
=700  1\$aNagasawa, W.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNarai, H.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aOhori, M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI14036.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI14039
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI14039$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI14039$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTS156.8
=082  04$a658.5/62$223
=100  1\$aGirodin, D.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aStatistical Analysis of Nonmetallic Inclusions for the Estimation of Rolling Contact Fatigue Range and Quality Control of Bearing Steel /$cD. Girodin, G. Dudragne, J. Courbon, A. Vincent.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (17 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b23
=520  3\$aThe cleanliness of bearing steels is a critical factor that influences directly the rolling contact fatigue performance and other mechanical properties of bearings. Hence, the evaluation of nonmetallic inclusions is a very important issue for steelmakers, bearing producers, and users. The material qualification procedure includes classical inclusion rating and rolling contact fatigue tests as acceptance tests for evaluating steel suppliers and ensuring the required bearing performance. The evolution of steel cleanliness had led to an increase in fatigue life so that running time of rolling contact fatigue tests have been considerably extended, until they became too time and cost consuming for a realistic qualification. In this paper, quantitative metallographic evaluation of the inclusion cleanliness used to collect data on the size, type, and expected number of inclusions in small samples is presented. The data were analyzed using Statistics of Extreme Values (SEV) and the results were used to extrapolate in larger samples representative of actual volumes of material involved in rolling contact fatigue tests and were related to the fatigue life of bearing steels from different suppliers. This method gives useful and reliable statistical data on inclusions for evaluating the performance level under rolling contact fatigue and defines the required cleanliness characteristics for bearing steels qualification. Other information of this work is the ability of the statistical inclusion rating to serve as a substitute for rolling contact fatigue tests to forecast the performance level of bearing steels.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aProcess control.
=650  \0$aBearing steel.
=650  \0$aNonmetallic inclusion.
=650  \0$aCleanliness.
=650  \0$aSteel quality.
=650  14$aBearing steel.
=650  24$aCleanliness.
=650  24$aNonmetallic inclusion.
=650  24$aStatistics of extreme value.
=650  24$aRolling contact fatigue life.
=650  24$aSteel quality.
=700  1\$aDudragne, G.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aCourbon, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aVincent, A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI14039.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI14040
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI14040$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI14040$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTG380
=082  04$a624/.252$223
=100  1\$aKerrigan, A.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCleanliness of Bearing Steels and Fatigue Life of Rolling Contacts /$cA. Kerrigan, JC. Kuijpers, A. Gabelli, E. Ioannides.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b4
=520  3\$aEstablished metallographic methods of determining the cleanliness of bearing steels with respect to micro-inclusions, such as ASTM E 45, are capable of differentiating poor quality melts from good quality melts. However, as steelmaker capabilities improve, with increasing numbers being able to consistently produce good quality melts, the established methods of cleanliness assessment are unable to differentiate between melts. These established methods, which give single figure ratings based on both the size and number of inclusions, are extremely difficult to use in predicting the performance of a bearing component under conditions of rolling contact fatigue. In this work, the method of Extreme Value Analysis (EVA) is used to characterize the inclusion population of five different steel melts of known and varying quality. A link between the EVA distribution and the measured bearing life, performed on material with a low reduction ratio, is also presented.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aIron and steel bridges.
=650  \0$aSteel, Structural$xFatigue.
=650  \0$aSteel, Structural$xFracture.
=650  \0$aLife prediction.
=650  \0$aInclusions.
=650  14$aExtreme Value Analysis (EVA)
=650  24$aInclusions.
=650  24$aLife prediction.
=700  1\$aKuijpers, JC.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGabelli, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aIoannides, E.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI14040.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI14041
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI14041$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI14041$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN693.I7
=082  04$a669/.96/142$223
=100  1\$aBeretta, S.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Challenge of Multiple Particles in Extreme Value Inclusion Rating /$cS. Beretta, CW. Anderson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aThe presence of multiple types of defect is a challenge for Extreme Value Inclusion Rating since it can lead to serious underestimation of extreme inclusion size and it can in practice make methods less robust than expected. First the paper deals with the results being obtained by ESIS TC20 within two round-robins carried out on an automotive steel and a bearing steel. Results show the need for correct assessment of multiple types of particles. We present here a new method of analysis based on a “competing risks” model together with some practical exploitation in terms of: (i) evaluation of the minimum control area to be inspected by “block maxima” sampling; (ii) new implications for data collection based on image analysis; (iii) assessment of sensitivity to the distribution of different particles.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aOxides.
=650  \0$aSulfides.
=650  \0$aExtreme value.
=650  \0$aRound-robin.
=650  \0$aCompeting risks.
=650  \0$aInclusions.
=650  \0$aMultiple particles.
=650  14$aInclusions.
=650  24$aExtreme value.
=650  24$aMultiple particles.
=650  24$aCompeting risks.
=650  24$aRound-robin.
=700  1\$aAnderson, CW.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI14041.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI14042
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI14042$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI14042$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN693.I7
=082  04$a669/.96142$223
=100  1\$aVolkmuth, J.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aInfluence of Steel Making and Further Processing on the Distortion of Bearing Steel Components /$cJ. Volkmuth.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b22
=520  3\$aDistortion of bearing steel components after hardening has a major influence on the total manufacturing cost of bearings. This publication presents results and experiences of recent investigations regarding possible causes for the distortion of bearing rings. It does not consider the influence of the soft machining and of the hardening process itself but concentrates on the contribution of the steel grade as such, the casting conditions, and the further processing. Based on a systematic approach, it will be shown how such parameters influence both the dimensional variations (like ovality or conicity of the rings) and the dimensional changes (such as mean diameter) after the hardening operation. Such results can help to minimize distortion by selection of suitable steel making and further processing routes and, thus, to reduce manufacturing cost of bearing steel rings.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSteel $xMetallography.
=650  \0$aSteel $xMetallurgy.
=650  \0$aProcessing.
=650  \0$aSteel making.
=650  \0$aDistortion.
=650  \0$aBearing steel rings.
=650  \0$aDimensional changes.
=650  14$aSteel making.
=650  24$aProcessing.
=650  24$aDistortion.
=650  24$aDimensional changes.
=650  24$aDimensional variations.
=650  24$aBearing steel rings.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI14042.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI14045
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI14045$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI14045$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTJ1075
=082  04$a621.8/9$223
=100  1\$aDaguier, P.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aNew Development in Through Hardened Bearing Steel Grades for Use in Contaminated Lubrication /$cP. Daguier, O. Roesch, W. Trojahn.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b21
=520  3\$aBearing steel quality has been improved over the past decades by reducing the level and the size of nonmetallic inclusions. Therefore, fatigue lifetime of bearings is mainly governed by surface damage, such as debris denting due to foreign particles. Numerous studies have been performed to find out new steel grades or heat treatments to cope with such severe in-service conditions. Most of these studies argued that the level of retained austenite is the main parameter which governs fatigue lifetime. The present study relates to the effect of heat treatment and alloying elements on the fatigue lifetime of bearing steel in contaminated lubrication at room temperature. Several through hardened steel grades have been tested with different methodologies in order to investigate their behavior in case of: (1) Debris denting, (2) Resistance to Tempering, and (3) High loading conditions. An experimental procedure developed by FAG to simulate particle indentation on bearing has been used to study the behavior of each grade. On the other side, torsion tests at room and high temperature have been used to determine the evolution of fatigue limit. At last, flat washer testing at 4200 MPa is used to determine fatigue lifetime in high loading conditions. Results of fatigue tests are presented in this paper and analyzed in terms of tempering resistance and level of retained austenite.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMetal clusters.
=650  \0$aNanoparticles.
=650  \0$aNanotechnology.
=650  \0$aRetained austenite.
=650  \0$aTempering stability.
=650  14$aTempering stability.
=650  24$aContaminated lubrication.
=650  24$aRetained austenite.
=700  1\$aRoesch, O.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTrojahn, W.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI14045.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI14048
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI14048$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI14048$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA459
=082  04$a620.1/6$223
=100  1\$aMatsubara, Y.,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Novel Method to Evaluate the Influence of Hydrogen on Fatigue Properties of High Strength Steels /$cY. Matsubara, H. Hamada.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b40
=520  3\$aIn rolling contact fatigue, hydrogen is believed to contribute to early flaking failures under some conditions. Hydrogen diffuses quickly in steels, even at room temperature, thus resulting in its dissipation into the surrounding atmosphere. This condition presents a uniquely difficult challenge for evaluating the intrinsic fatigue properties related to hydrogen embrittlement. In order to compensate for this, we employed ultrasonic fatigue testing at a loading frequency of 20 kHz, because a high loading frequency offsets the rapid hydrogen loss. In this report, the fatigue properties of hydrogen pre-charged JIS-SUJ2 (SAE52100 equivalent) were assessed. The amount of hydrogen was quantitatively measured by thermal desorption analysis. The diffusion coefficient of hydrogen was determined via electrochemical hydrogen permeation testing. These results indicate that the magnitude of fatigue strength reduction is directly proportional to the diffusible hydrogen content. Included with this report is our proposed method for evaluating fatigue strength related to hydrogen embrittlement.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHEAT RESISTANT ALLOYS.
=650  \0$aUltrasonic fatigue.
=650  \0$aFatigue strength.
=650  \0$aHigh strength steels.
=650  14$aFatigue strength.
=650  24$aHigh strength steels.
=650  24$aHydrogen embrittlement.
=650  24$aUltrasonic fatigue.
=650  24$aThermal desorption analysis of hydrogen.
=650  24$aElectrochemical hydrogen permeation method.
=700  1\$aHamada, H.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI14048.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI14049
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI14049$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI14049$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aHD9711.5.U6
=082  04$a338.4762912$223
=100  1\$aStreit, E.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPerformance Evaluation of “Duplex Hardened” Bearings for Advanced Turbine Engine Applications /$cE. Streit, J. Brock, P. Poulin.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b4
=520  3\$aReliability is one of the most important competitive factors in aeroengines. Engine manufacturers have to provide guarantees for maintenance cost and dispatch reliability. Failures of mainshaft and gearbox bearings can represent a major debit to overall engine reliability. Duplex hardening (conventional hardening followed by special nitriding) has the potential to provide the bearing performance improvements necessary to yield increased engine reliability and reduced cost of ownership. The bearing rig tests performed demonstrate superior performance of duplex hardened M50 and M50NiL bearings over conventional M50 and M50NiL bearings under various operating conditions. Rig tests evaluating a wide range of operating conditions, such as high load, low or boundary lubrication, heavily contaminated lubrication, and oil off were performed. Additional tests were completed to evaluate the spall propagation behavior of duplex hardened bearings in comparison to conventional steel bearings. The results showed that the main benefits of using duplex hardened bearings arise in low or boundary lubrication conditions and contaminated lubrication conditions. The spall propagation tests showed that spall propagation rates are slower for duplex hardened M50 and M50NiL bearing components, hence allowing more time until catastrophic bearing failure in an aeroengine and other applications.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAerospace industries$xCosts.
=650  \0$aIndustrial procurement.
=650  \0$aOffset (Accounting)
=650  \0$aDuplex hardening.
=650  \0$aFatigue life testing.
=650  \0$aContamination.
=650  14$aDuplex hardening.
=650  24$aFatigue life testing.
=650  24$aAerospace bearing materials.
=650  24$aContamination.
=700  1\$aBrock, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPoulin, P.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI14049.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI14050
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI14050$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI14050$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.52
=082  04$a620.1/1296$223
=100  1\$aBeer, O.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPlasma Assisted Heat Treating Processes of Bearing Components /$cO. Beer.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b5
=520  3\$aPlasma surface-engineering technologies show several advantages over conventional surface engineering. In this paper the basic properties of a glow discharge plasma process and the way it is used for industrial applications is demonstrated via plasma nitriding and plasma carburizing of bearing parts. Plasma nitriding was applied for duplex hardening (DH) of bearing parts made from M50 and M50 NiL material. The influence of the process parameters on hardness profile and microstructure of the diffusion layer formed during nitriding is shown. By metallurgical evaluation of many specimens, located at different positions in the furnace, the uniformity of the process is demonstrated. Results of several rig tests show the superiority of the nitrided bearings but also confirm the importance of close control of the nitriding process. Plasma carburizing processes were applied on bearing parts made from M50 NiL material. The mechanical and thermo chemical pre-treatment of the surface can be replaced by an initial sputtering which improves the reliability of the process. Hardness profiles, microstructure, and residual stress profiles of the carburized zone are comparable to those from gas carburizing.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMaterials$xThermal properties.
=650  \0$aThermodynamics.
=650  \0$aHardness profile.
=650  \0$aLife.
=650  \0$aMicrostructure.
=650  \0$aBearing.
=650  \0$aDuplex hardening.
=650  \0$aPlasma carburizing.
=650  \0$aPlasma nitriding.
=650  \0$aM50 M50 NiL.
=650  \0$aPlasma process.
=650  \0$aReliability.
=650  14$aBearing.
=650  24$aPlasma process.
=650  24$aPuls plasma technology.
=650  24$aPlasma nitriding.
=650  24$aDuplex hardening.
=650  24$aM50 M50 NiL.
=650  24$aPlasma carburizing.
=650  24$aHardness profile.
=650  24$aMicrostructure.
=650  24$aLife.
=650  24$aReliability.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI14050.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI14051
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI14051$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI14051$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTG380
=082  04$a624/.252$223
=100  1\$aVincent, A.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aComparison of Fatigue Performances of 32CrMoV13 and M50 Steels in Presence of Surface Indents /$cA. Vincent, D. Nelias, C. Jacq, Y. Robin, G. Dudragne.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b19
=520  3\$aThe fatigue resistance of 32CrMoV13 nitrided steel in the presence of controlled surface indents is investigated in comparison with M50 reference steel. For that purpose, rolling contact fatigue tests have been performed on a two-disk machine under pure rolling and rolling plus sliding conditions. Artificial indents are produced by using a hardness machine equipped with spherical diamond tips of different radii. The overall set of data shows better performances for 32CrMoV13 nitrided steel. The specific properties of this steel are highlighted by microstructural observations. The results are discussed in terms of endurance limit in presence of indents. The hierarchy of theoretical harmfulness thus obtained for the various indents tested in this work agrees well with that observed experimentally.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aIron and steel bridges.
=650  \0$aSteel, Structural$xFatigue.
=650  \0$aSteel, Structural$xFracture.
=650  \0$aNitrided steel.
=650  \0$aEndurance limit.
=650  \0$aIndent.
=650  14$aRolling contact fatigue.
=650  24$aNitrided steel.
=650  24$aIndent.
=650  24$aEndurance limit.
=700  1\$aNelias, D.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aJacq, C.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRobin, Y.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDudragne, G.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI14051.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI14052
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI14052$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI14052$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTS236
=082  04$a672.2$223
=100  1\$aHetzner, DW.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aContinued Developments in Easily Carburizable High Speed Steel Alloys /$cDW. Hetzner.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aA technical update on how bearing fatigue life in high speed steels (HSS) is enhanced by modifying the carbide distributions and morphologies is presented. A brief review of the laser glazing process as applied to bearings (U.S. Patents 5,861,067 and 5.879,480) will be presented. For wrought M50 steel, this processing resulted in an increase in bearing L10 % fatigue life of approximately 10×. The microstructural enhancements created by this processing will be illustrated. How the knowledge gained from the laser glazing process led to the development of the easily carburizable high speed steel alloys (U.S. Patent 6.702,981) will be discussed. Developments made for these alloys since the last bearing steel symposium in 2001 will be presented. The most notable achievement in the development process is a 20× increase in bearing L10 % fatigue life for the easily carburizable version of M50 as compared to standard M50 HSS. Other data pertinent to these alloys will be presented.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSteel alloys.
=650  \0$aSteel castings.
=650  \0$aBearing fatigue life.
=650  \0$aCarburize.
=650  \0$aLaser glazing.
=650  \0$aHigh speed steel.
=650  14$aHigh speed steel.
=650  24$aCarburize.
=650  24$aLaser glazing.
=650  24$aBearing fatigue life.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI14052.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI14055
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI14055$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI14055$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA479.S7
=082  04$a620.1/7$223
=100  1\$aPeissl, S.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCharacterization of Wear and Surface Reaction Layer Formation on Aerospace Bearing Steel M50 and a Nitrogen-alloyed Stainless Steel /$cS. Peissl, H. Leitner, R. Ebner, H. Hutter, D. Krecar, R. Rabitsch.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aThe formation of reaction layers on surfaces in mechanical contact is strongly affected by the tribological loading conditions, the materials used, the lubricant and the service temperature. An appropriate balance between reactivity of material and lubricant in tribological systems decreases wear and friction and increases the durability. The goal of this paper is to compare the reaction layer formation on a standard aerospace bearing steel AMS 6491 (M50) with that on a high strength stainless steel grade AMS 5898 exhibiting a nominal chemical compositions of 0.82C-4.1Cr-1V-4.2Mo (wt. %) and 0.3C-0.4N-15.2Cr-1Mo (wt. %), respectively. As lubricant jet engine oil Mobil Jet II has been used. Rolling contact fatigue (contact pressure: 6 GPa) and ball-on-disk tests (contact pressure: 1.6 GPa, sliding speed 10 cm/s) at room temperature and at 150°C were employed to study the effect of extreme loading conditions and temperature dependence of the reaction layer formation. The contact areas were inspected by means of optical profilometry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) in order to determine type, thickness, homogeneity, and distribution of the reaction layers in the contact zone. The main result of the study is that the reaction layer formation is significantly less on the stainless steel grade compared with M50. SIMS depth profiles were determined in order to explain the differences in the wear characteristics of the two materials. The reaction layers are mainly built up of PXOY molecules, which might be phosphates resulting from the tricresyl phosphate (TCP) lubricant additive. The role of the chemical reaction of the steel and TCP regarding the layer formation will be discussed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aEngineering design.
=650  \0$aBuilding materials.
=650  \0$aPhosphate.
=650  \0$aMobil Jet II.
=650  \0$aSliding wear.
=650  14$aReaction layer formation.
=650  24$aPhosphate.
=650  24$aTCP.
=650  24$aSliding wear.
=650  24$aMobil Jet II.
=650  24$aSIMS.
=700  1\$aLeitner, H.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aEbner, R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHutter, H.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKrecar, D.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRabitsch, R.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI14055.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI14058
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI14058$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI14058$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC482.D5
=082  04$a548/.83$223
=100  1\$aVegter, RH.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aX-ray Microdiffraction for the Analysis of Bearing Operation Conditions /$cRH. Vegter, HA. Verschoor, A. Girones.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b5
=520  3\$aThe use of residual stress measurements for the analysis of the performance of rolling bearings has become a common tool in the bearing industry. The effects of rolling contact fatigue on the development of residual stresses in the loaded zones of a bearing has been investigated in much detail. In this paper, the developments of the use of X-ray microdiffraction for residual stress measurements in bearings will be described. In microdiffraction, measurements are performed with very small irradiated spots. Advances in X-ray diffraction technology have made it possible to determine the residual stresses in loaded components in small areas with a high level of detail. The method and its consequences for bearing analysis is discussed in this paper. Using the method, much more information on the exact operation conditions of a bearing can be extracted from the components compared to conventional X-ray diffraction methods. Residual stress measurements using microdiffraction have been successfully applied in an application analysis case, where the measurements were used to show the residual stress development in the bearing surface during operation. In such a case, microdiffraction could also be used to investigate local bearing life limiting features, such as surface damages.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aRayons X$xDiffraction.
=650  \0$aAmorf materiaal.
=650  \0$aBearing steel.
=650  \0$aX-ray diffraction.
=650  14$aX-ray diffraction.
=650  24$aBearing steel.
=700  1\$aVerschoor, HA.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGirones, A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI14058.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI14059
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI14059$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI14059$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRC377
=082  04$a616.8/34$223
=100  1\$aHiraoka, K.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aStudy on Flaking Process in Bearings by White Etching Area Generation /$cK. Hiraoka, M. Nagao, T. Isomoto.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b8
=520  3\$aWhite etching area (WEA) is widely known as a microstructural change caused by rolling contact fatigue of a bearing. It has been reported that early flaking accompanied by the WEA occurred in such bearings as those for automotive alternators, and effective measures have been demanded. The WEA type microstructural change has so far been studied in detail, particularly for butterfly, which was metallographically characterized as follows: First, the WEA coexists with microcracks, which was initiated by nonmetallic inclusions and extended at the angle of 45 deg to the raceway. Second, according to the TEM study, the WEA consists of ultrafine grain as small as approximately 10 nm in diameter. The authors want to establish a counter measure against the early flaking from a material side. Its realization requires the clarification of flaking processes, especially the cause-effect relationship between microcrack and WEA, so that an appropriate measure is taken in the prevention of microcrack or WEA itself. In this study, high carbon chromium bearing steel (JIS SUJ2) specimens containing voids with a few µm diameter were prepared through powder metallurgy, and were subjected to rolling contact fatigue tests by thrust-type testers. Many 45 deg microcracks and WEA initiated by the voids were successfully reproduced just below the raceway. It was found by observation that a microcrack forms first and then WEA generation follows. In addition, the stress analysis by computer simulations found out that WEA generates only in the hydrostatic compressive region localized by the presence of the microcrack. Therefore, WEA in rolling contact fatigue is a secondary phenomenon preceded by a microcrack. It was concluded that an effective counter measure against the early flaking with WEA is to improve the resistance to microcrack initiation during rolling contact fatigue.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMultiple sclerosis.
=650  \0$aMultiple sclerosis$xExercise therapy.
=650  \0$aMicrocrack.
=650  \0$aHydrostatic stress.
=650  14$aWEA.
=650  24$aMicrocrack.
=650  24$aRolling contact fatigue.
=650  24$aFEM.
=650  24$aHydrostatic stress.
=700  1\$aNagao, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aIsomoto, T.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI14059.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI14063
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI14063$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI14063$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA473
=082  04$a620.1/76$223
=100  1\$aPopescu, G.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMicro-Plastic Material Model and Residual Fields in Rolling Contacts /$cG. Popescu, A. Gabelli, GM. Espejel, B. Wemekamp.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b43
=520  3\$aThis paper describes a model for the prediction of micro-plastic material transformation and associated residual stress field development in bearing steels during over-rolling. The high and mainly hydrostatic pressure field induced by the rolling element load, leads to the development of micro-plastic deformation in the subsurface layer of the rolling contact. The resulting plastic strain distribution gives rise to an associated self-equilibrating residual stress field that can be experimentally quantified using X-ray diffraction methods. A novel three-dimensional elastic-plastic over-rolling solution is used to evaluate the plastic strains and material transformation. Central to this plastic contact formulation is the incremental approach to deal with nonlinear material behavior. The Prandtl-Reuss constitutive equations in conjunction with Huber-Mises-Hencky yield criterion and Ramberg-Osgood strain-hardening relationships are applied to describe the plastic behavior of common hardened bearing steels. A nonlinear isotropic law is applied to describe the transformation of the retained austenite during stress cycles and changes in the strain-hardening behavior of the material microstructure. Application of this model with an incremental solution scheme based on the Conjugate Gradient Method (CGM) gives good convergence properties and fast solution for each cycle. Comparison between experimentally obtained residual stresses and stress fields derived from the present micro-plastic contact model, indicates good agreement. Numerical simulations, carried out to derive the maximum operating contact pressures in the elastic regime are also in agreement with published data. The model opens new possibilities in the evaluation of steels and heat treatments used in rolling bearings. Furthermore, this micro-plastic contact model may help the interpretation of the load history leading to a given pattern of residual stress measured in bearing rings.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSteel$xFatigue$vHandbooks, manuals, etc.
=650  \0$aResidual stresses $vHandbooks, manuals, etc.
=650  \0$aRetained austenite.
=650  \0$aBearing steel.
=650  \0$aInitial stresses.
=650  \0$aResidual stresses.
=650  \0$aRolling contact.
=650  14$aThree-dimensional elastic-plastic analysis.
=650  24$aRolling contact.
=650  24$aBearing steel.
=650  24$aRetained austenite.
=650  24$aInitial stresses.
=650  24$aResidual stresses.
=700  1\$aGabelli, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aEspejel, GM.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWemekamp, B.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI14063.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI14084
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI14084$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI14084$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTE7
=082  04$a625.7/08 s$223
=100  1\$aShah, PH.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEvaluation of Methodologies Used for Establishing Soil-Water Characteristic Curve /$cPH. Shah, S. Sreedeep, DN. Singh.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b48
=520  3\$aDifferent methodologies have been developed for establishing the soil-water characteristic curve, SWCC. These methodologies employ measurement of the soil suction with the help of different instrumentation techniques. However, as the instruments used for measuring soil suction work efficiently only for a certain range of suction, obtained SWCCs may not be representative. This calls for a systematic investigation, which would be of great help in determining the efficiency of each of these instruments for measuring the soil suction, and hence establishing the SWCC precisely. With this in view, the results obtained from a pressure membrane extractor (PME) and a dewpoint potentiameter (WP4), which are used quite frequently for the said purpose, were evaluated for the soils of entirely different characteristics. This technical note highlights the importance of utilization of the instruments in tandem for conducting multiple suction measurements in order to obtain a representative SWCC that covers the entire range of water content and corresponding suction.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aRoads$xSubgrades.
=650  \0$aSoil absorption and adsorption.
=650  \0$aSoil freezing.
=650  \0$aUnsaturated soil.
=650  \0$aSoil suction.
=650  14$aUnsaturated soil.
=650  24$aSoil suction.
=650  24$aDewpoint potentiameter.
=650  24$aPressure membrane extractor.
=650  24$aSoil-water characteristic curve.
=700  1\$aSreedeep, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSingh, DN.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI14084.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI14086
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI14086$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI14086$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA479.S7
=082  04$a620.1/7$223
=100  1\$aRodrigues, CAD,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDevelopment of a Supermartensitic Stainless Steel Microalloyed with Niobium /$cCAD Rodrigues, PLD Lorenzo, A. Sokolowski, A. Barbosa, JMDA Rollo.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (5 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aThe new class of supermartensitic stainless steels (SMSS) exhibits higher mechanical strength, corrosion resistance, and weldability properties when compared with conventional martensitic stainless steels. This paper presents the results of detailed investigations on 12,50Cr-5,36Ni-2,10Mo-0,20Nb steels that were obtained in a conventional furnace under vacuum and subsequently hot rolled and heat treated similar to the procedure used in production of conventional stainless steels. The microstructural characterization was carried out by optical microscopy (OM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and hot stage microscopy. Phase transformations and the effects from heat treatment were examined using a dilatometer. The microstructure, after quenching and tempering, is typical of a martensite matrix with carbonitride of Nb (C,N) small precipitates (40 nm) and mechanical properties of 26RC hardness, 910 MPa tensile strength, 860 MPa yield strength, 20,8% elongation and 199J Charpy impact.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aEngineering design.
=650  \0$aBuilding materials.
=650  \0$aNiobium.
=650  \0$aMechanical properties.
=650  \0$aHeat treatment.
=650  14$aSupermartensitic stainless steels.
=650  24$aNiobium.
=650  24$aTransformations of phases.
=650  24$aHeat treatment.
=650  24$aMechanical properties.
=700  1\$aLorenzo, PLD,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSokolowski, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBarbosa, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRollo, JMDA,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI14086.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI14092
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI14092$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI14092$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA681
=082  04$a624.1/834$223
=100  1\$aNeville, A.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aWhich Way Do Concrete Cracks Run? /$cA. Neville.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b29
=520  3\$aA high stress causes development of cracks, which may fracture aggregate particles or skirt around them. Numerous factors influence the path taken by a crack. No direct studies are available, but the relevant factors are: properties of the parent rock; shape, size, and texture of coarse aggregate particles; properties of the interface and bond; moduli of elasticity of the aggregate and of the matrix; and strength of the matrix relative to the strength of the aggregate. At very early ages, fracture parameters change, but later on, age is not a factor influencing the crack path. The crack path influences the shear strength of beams, in that cracks passing through the aggregate reduce the contribution of aggregate interlock: some aggregates result, therefore, in a low shear strength. This has been found only recently. Establishing experimentally the influences on the crack path would enable us to design mixes economically with balanced properties of strength and ductility.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aConcrete construction$xMaintenance and repair.
=650  \0$aWaterproofing.
=650  \0$aConcrete coatings.
=650  \0$aConcrete.
=650  14$aCracks.
=650  24$aConcrete.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI14092.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI14105
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI14105$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI14105$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTJ1075
=082  04$a621.8/9$223
=100  1\$aLevchenko, VA.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffect of Coatings-Orientants on Antifriction Properties of Lubricants in Tribounits under Boundary Lubrication /$cVA. Levchenko, IA. Buyanovsky, ZV. Ignatieva, VN. Matveenko.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b19
=520  3\$aThe effect of some carbon coatings deposited on steel surfaces on lubricating properties of oils is investigated. The friction tests were carried out by using two test configurations: “ball-on-disk” and “ring-to-ring.” Friction surfaces were coated by carbon of two types: monocrystalline and amorphous ones. As lubricants some model and commercial oils were used. It is found that the friction coefficient and its temperature dependence differ significantly for carbon films under study. The obtained results were attributed to a different orientating effect of these coatings on structural ordering in boundary layers, which structure is considered as a mesophase of liquid crystals. The findings suggest that the carbon coatings with orientating effect on boundary layers are advantageous for improving antifriction characteristics and for governing processes of boundary lubrication.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aNanoparticles.
=650  \0$aNanotechnology.
=650  \0$aMetal clusters.
=650  \0$aLiquid crystal.
=650  \0$aStructural order.
=650  \0$aOrientant.
=650  14$aBoundary lubricant layers.
=650  24$aOrientant.
=650  24$aStructural order.
=650  24$aLiquid crystal.
=700  1\$aBuyanovsky, IA.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aIgnatieva, ZV.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMatveenko, VN.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI14105.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI14106
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI14106$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI14106$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD133
=082  04$a669$223
=100  1\$aBuoro, S.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aRadioactivity Inspections Applied to the Steelmaking Industry /$cS. Buoro, M. Giurgevich.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b3
=520  3\$aThe recycling of exhausted or end-of-life materials in industry is pursued worldwide to save natural resources and reduce pollution. The utilization of scrap as raw material in the steelmaking industry is a well-assessed technology. Nevertheless, recycled materials must be “free” from dangerous elements or compounds and particularly from hazardous levels of radioactivity. Typical problems to be faced in the electrical steelmaking industry relevant to radioactivity levels and measurements techniques are discussed in this paper.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMetallurgy$xChemical Aspects.
=650  \0$aSteelmaking.
=650  \0$aMeasurement.
=650  \0$aRadioactivity.
=650  14$aSteelmaking.
=650  24$aRadioactivity.
=650  24$aMeasurement.
=700  1\$aGiurgevich, M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI14106.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI14124
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI14124$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI14124$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP248.25.N35.T3842013
=082  04$a620.118$223
=100  1\$aRibeiro, R.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aBiocomposites :$bExploring Surface Texture for Cell Adhesion /$cR. Ribeiro, P. Asthana, S. Ingole, B. Shi, T. Kuhn, H. Liang.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b54
=520  3\$aThis paper discusses the principles behind effects of surface roughness and porosity of materials on cell adhesion, an important question in biocomposites. Literature provided controversial reports of surface roughness effects. We used new evidence to illustrate how cells are attached to polymeric materials.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBiotechnology.
=650  \0$aNanotechnology.
=650  \0$aPolymer.
=650  \0$aBiomaterials.
=650  \0$aNano tubes.
=650  \0$aSurgical implants.
=650  14$aSurgical implants.
=650  24$aBiomaterials.
=650  24$aNano tubes.
=650  24$aAtomic force microscopy.
=650  24$aScanning electron microscopy.
=700  1\$aAsthana, P.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aIngole, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aShi, B.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKuhn, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLiang, H.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI14124.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI14138
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI14138$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI14138$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTC424.C2
=082  04$a363.349372$223
=100  1\$aDickson, TJ.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aReduce the Injuries, Change the Culture :$bInsights from Telemarking /$cTJ. Dickson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aRisk management theory suggests that a proactive approach rather than a reactive approach is more effective for managing risks. In the context of snowsports this would mean that a whole-of-industry approach to snowsport injury prevention would range from the images in brochures, the organizations in the industry through to the equipment and people (staff and participants) involved in the industry. Telemark skiing has experienced a resurgence in interest, after 100 years of existence, correlating with changes in the availability and design of telemarking equipment. This paper will build on insights from a survey of Australian telemark skiers through a review of literature from occupational health and safety, risk management for outdoor pursuits, and organizational culture to reflect upon the need for a wholistic and strategic research agenda to aid in the reduction of snowsport injuries.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFlood damage prevention.
=650  \0$aFloodplain management.
=650  \0$aCulture.
=650  \0$aInjuries.
=650  \0$aSnowsports.
=650  \0$aRisk management.
=650  14$aSnowsports.
=650  24$aInjuries.
=650  24$aRisk management.
=650  24$aCulture.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI14138.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI14145
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2005\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI14145$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI14145$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTG380
=082  04$a624.2028/4$223
=100  1\$aScott, RI.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Mechanical Characterization of Low Work Hardening, High Strength Steel /$cRI. Scott, PD. Hodgson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2005.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b26
=520  3\$aOne of the major challenges in assessing the mechanical properties of recovery annealed steel is the strain localization that occurs almost immediately on the formation of the first Lüders band, such that no or limited propagation of the Lüders band occurs along the tensile coupon. The stress raiser associated with the geometry of the standard tensile coupon means that this plastic deformation is often completely outside the standard extensometers on the coupon. Hence, no strain is measured during the test. While this is not important for assessing the tensile strength of the steel, it does mean that the strain related properties, such as the elastic limit of the steel, cannot be measured using standard testing techniques.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSteel, Structural$xProtection.
=650  \0$aIron and steel bridges$xCorrosion.
=650  \0$aTensile testing.
=650  \0$aLüders bands.
=650  \0$aElastic limit.
=650  \0$aStrain measurement.
=650  \0$aPlasticity.
=650  14$aRecovery annealed steel.
=650  24$aTensile testing.
=650  24$aStrain measurement.
=650  24$aElastic limit.
=650  24$aPlasticity.
=650  24$aLüders bands.
=700  1\$aHodgson, PD.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 2, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2005$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI14145.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI14173
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI14173$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI14173$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTJ1075
=082  04$a621.8/9$223
=100  1\$aPare, PE.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSurface Texture Analysis of Artificial Disks Wear-Tested under Different Conditions and Comparison to a Retrieved Implant /$cPE. Pare, FW. Chan, P. Buchholz, S. Kurtz, P. McCombe.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aTotal disk arthroplasty is growing in popularity and becoming an alternative to fusion for the treatment of some degenerative disk diseases. To date, there is little consensus regarding the appropriate in vitro techniques with which to evaluate the biotribological properties of these devices. The current study evaluated the surface texture and topography of lumbar metal-on-metal artificial disks tested in a spine wear simulator compared to an explanted device after twelve months in situ. Six implants were tested under a constant load and unidirectional flexion-extension motion as defined by the ASTM standard guide. One implant was tested under a variable load using a combination of flexion-extension, lateral bending, and axial rotation as specified by the ISO standard. While the retrieved disk retained its initial mirror-like surface finish, implants tested under unidirectional motion were severely damaged by abrasive wear resulting in a significant increase in roughness. The implant tested under combined motions exhibited a multi-directional wear scar with limited surface damage. Although only a single retrieved implant was characterized, the current study suggests that wear testing under unidirectional motion may not produce clinically-relevant surface morphology of metal-on-metal artificial disks.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aArtificial disk.
=650  \0$aRoughness.
=650  \0$aRetrieved implant.
=650  \0$aTribology.
=650  14$aWear.
=650  24$aSpine.
=650  24$aArtificial disk.
=650  24$aTribology.
=650  24$aSurface characterization.
=650  24$aRoughness.
=650  24$aRetrieved implant.
=700  1\$aChan, FW.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBuchholz, P.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKurtz, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMcCombe, P.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI14173.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI14178
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI14178$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI14178$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP1180.P65
=082  04$a668.4234$223
=100  1\$aLiao, Y-S,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Effects of Implant Temperature on Lubricant Protein Precipitation and Polyethylene Wear in Joint Simulation Studies /$cY-S Liao, M. Hanes.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b20
=520  3\$aImplant temperature increases as soon as a wear test starts. Frictional heating is the main reason for the temperature increase. Factors that affect the magnitude of the increase include the thermal conductivity of the implant materials, testing speed, and serum volume of the test chamber. High implant temperature can cause precipitation of soluble proteins in the serum lubricant. The protein precipitates can form a film at the wear interface and may affect laboratory wear evaluation of polyethylene liners. The effects of the implant temperature (of cobalt-chromium and zirconia femoral components) and the amount of protein precipitation from serum lubricant on the wear of UHMWPE liners has been demonstrated in a previous study using an external temperature control device. Furthermore, the nonlinear relationship of the implant temperature and the polyethylene wear has been discussed in another study, using moderately crosslinked UHMWPE liners tested against cobalt-chromium, zirconia, and alumina/zirconia composite femoral components at various temperatures. The results from both studies demonstrated that the temperature around the hip joint implants during a simulation can affect the wear rate of polyethylene. One guideline for minimizing the thermal effects on in vitro testing include circulation of coolant at an appropriate temperature to avoid overheating (due to nonstop running of the simulator) thus preventing excessive protein precipitation. This recommendation should help producing wear surfaces and wear debris that are more comparable to in vivo outcomes.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPlastics.
=650  \0$aZirconia.
=650  \0$aTemperature.
=650  \0$aFrictional heating.
=650  \0$aLubrication.
=650  \0$aWear simulation.
=650  \0$aWear debris.
=650  \0$aCobalt-chromium alloy.
=650  14$aWear simulation.
=650  24$aUHMWPE.
=650  24$aCobalt-chromium alloy.
=650  24$aZirconia.
=650  24$aWear debris.
=650  24$aLubrication.
=650  24$aFrictional heating.
=650  24$aTemperature.
=650  24$aProtein precipitation.
=700  1\$aHanes, M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI14178.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI14194
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI14194$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI14194$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA460
=082  04$a620.16$223
=100  1\$aGrewal, D.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aExperimental Measurement of Selected Snowboard Mechanical Properties /$cD. Grewal, C. Lund, E. Rossetter.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b5
=520  3\$aSnowboard manufacturers attempt to design boards with mechanical properties that provide desirable ride and handling characteristics, adequate strength, and low manufacturing costs. Snowboards are typically a sandwich composite of several individual layers that vary significantly in geometry and composition. To better understand the influence of core materials and construction on a board's stiffness, ultimate failure load, and stored energy, several commercially available snowboards were tested to failure in three point bending. A series of representative boards were tested with three different core materials: foam, wood, and honeycomb. The results show that stiffness and ultimate failure load are most strongly influenced by the core wrap thickness, while the energy storage is most strongly influenced by the core material and construction method used.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMetals$xMechanical properties.
=650  \0$aSnowboard.
=650  \0$aManufacture.
=650  \0$aStrength.
=650  \0$aMaterial.
=650  \0$aDesign.
=650  \0$aStiffness.
=650  \0$aEnergy.
=650  \0$aSafety.
=650  14$aSnowboard.
=650  24$aSki.
=650  24$aDesign.
=650  24$aMaterial.
=650  24$aManufacture.
=650  24$aStiffness.
=650  24$aStrength.
=650  24$aEnergy.
=650  24$aSafety.
=700  1\$aLund, C.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRossetter, E.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI14194.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI14198
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI14198$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI14198$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRD561
=082  04$a617.5/82059$223
=100  1\$aYamagishi, T.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSports Activity after Total Knee Arthroplasty /$cT. Yamagishi, H. Suzuki, M. Shizuka, T. Kikuchi.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (5 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b8
=520  3\$aIn this study, patients who played sports after undergoing a total knee arthroplasty (TKA) were functionally analyzed and their degree of satisfaction was surveyed. The study group consisted of seven men and four women (out of a group of 89 total knee arthroplasties). They were evaluated by the Tegner [1] activity score and the Japanese Orthopaedic Association (JOA) score [2]. The mean age of the patients was 68 years (range: 47 to 76) at surgery and the mean follow-up period was 26.4 months (range: 11 to 60). Wright Advantim uncemented knee prostheses with a stem and posterior stabilizer or Wright Advance uncemented knee systems (Wright Medical, USA) were used. All operations were performed using a medial subvastus approach by the senior author (TY). The mean preoperative JOA score was 67.3 and it improved to 87.3 at follow-up. The mean Tegner score improved from 1.5 to 4 points after the operation in those patients who returned to sports. At follow-up, none of the patients demonstrated polyethylene wear, showed signs of loosening or required revision surgery. Once strength, mobility, and coordination recovered, patients were successfully allowed to return to low-impact activity such as downhill skiing, jogging, hiking, and mountaineering. It is too early to determine the effect of these increased activities on polyethylene wear and loosening.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aRehabilitation$xmethods.
=650  \0$aKnee Injuries$xrehabilitation.
=650  \0$aArthroplasty, Replacement, Knee.
=650  \0$aSkiing.
=650  \0$aSports activity.
=650  14$aSports activity.
=650  24$aTotal knee arthroplasty.
=650  24$aOsteoarthritis of the knee.
=650  24$aSkiing.
=700  1\$aSuzuki, H.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aShizuka, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKikuchi, T.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI14198.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI14199
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI14199$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI14199$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRD686
=082  04$a617.4/720597$223
=100  1\$aYiannakopoulos, CK.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aArthroscopic Treatment of the First Anterior Shoulder Dislocation in Young Skiers /$cCK. Yiannakopoulos, AN. Zacharopoulos, E. Antonogiannakis.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b31
=520  3\$aThe purpose of this paper was to describe the results of arthroscopic shoulder stabilization in skiers following the first episode of anterior dislocation. Between 1999 and 2001, 18 patients aged 19–27 years were treated arthroscopically following an acute, primary anterior shoulder dislocation. All patients were active skiers and were injured during skiing. The detached anterior labrum was reattached on the glenoid articular surface using 2–5 bone anchors, mainly metallic. Postoperative evaluation was performed with the Rowe-Zarins scale with a mean follow up of 31 months. There have been no recurrences and all patients returned to their preinjury level. According to the Rowe-Zarins scale the outcome was excellent in 15/17 cases. Arthroscopic shoulder stabilization in selected, active patients provides good mid-term functional results. The quality of glenohumeral ligaments was better compared to patients with chronic instability and the secondary injuries were less common.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSurgery$xComplications.
=650  \0$aIntraoperative Complications.
=650  \0$aBankart lesion.
=650  \0$aDislocation.
=650  \0$aPrimary anterior.
=650  \0$aShoulder.
=650  \0$aSuture anchor.
=650  \0$aArthroscopy.
=650  \0$aInstability.
=650  14$aArthroscopy.
=650  24$aArthroscopic stabilization.
=650  24$aBankart lesion.
=650  24$aInstability.
=650  24$aPrimary anterior.
=650  24$aDislocation.
=650  24$aShoulder.
=650  24$aSuture anchor.
=700  1\$aZacharopoulos, AN.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAntonogiannakis, E.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI14199.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI14200
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI14200$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI14200$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aGV812.4
=082  04$a797.140993$223
=100  1\$aMitani, G.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aLisfranc Ligament Injuries in Windsurfers /$cG. Mitani, H. Hirose, Y. Nakamura, E. Shimpuku, T. Minezaki, J. Mochida.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b6
=520  3\$aRecently, due to evolution of equipment and techniques, ordinary-level windsurfers can attempt acrobatic activities that previously only high-level windsurfers could perform in stormy conditions. Moreover, many difficult aerial tricks have been developed by high-level windsurfers. Synchronously, “foot strap injuries” have increased, which affect the knee, ankle, and foot by twisting loads because the foot is unable to be released from the foot strap. Here we report three Lisfranc ligament injuries in windsurfers that had not been diagnosed appropriately at another medical institution. The cases of two professional, and one amateur windsurfer, all of whom sustained a sprain to the anterior foot when they failed to land properly following an aerial trick or during wave riding, are reported in this publication. Weightbearing anterior to posterior (AP) view radiographs were an important tool for the diagnosis of these Lisfranc ligament injuries which can easily be missed on nonweightbearing films. Surgical treatment was chosen for two cases and conservative treatment was chosen for the other. To allow the windsurfers to return successfully to competition, we devised a special cork insole inside a marine boot called the “Ninja.” Lisfranc Ligament injuries should be suspected as there are frequent foot injuries in windsurfers, and adequate treatment can enable the patients to return to competition successfully.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aWindsurfing$zNew Zealand$xHistory.
=650  \0$aWindsurfers (Persons)$zNew Zealand.
=650  \0$aWindsurfers (Persons)
=650  \0$aWindsurfing.
=650  \0$aFoot strap injury.
=650  14$aLisfranc ligament injury.
=650  24$aWindsurfing.
=650  24$aFoot strap injury.
=700  1\$aHirose, H.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNakamura, Y.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aShimpuku, E.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMinezaki, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMochida, J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI14200.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI14201
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI14201$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI14201$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRA649
=082  04$a614.4/9$223
=100  1\$aCooper, N.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aObservational Study on Fall Trends in Snowboarders /$cN. Cooper, RM. Greenwald.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aSnowboarding has distinctly different injury patterns compared with traditional alpine skiing. Injuries occur more frequently in the upper extremity and less frequently in the knees compared to alpine skiing. Snowboarding continues to evolve as a sport, with active participation at all age and experience levels, and on different terrain including slopes, pipes, and terrain parks. An observational study of snowboarders at one U.S. and one Austrian ski resort was conducted during the 2004–05 season to investigate fall trends in a snowboarding population. The purpose of the study was to quantify the incidence of falling, what anatomical structure impacted during a fall, fall direction, and helmet usage as a function of age, gender, ability level, and terrain. Two categories of terrain were identified; standard slopes and terrain parks including half-pipes. Children and adults fall twice as often as youths and young adults. Beginners fall approximately six times more often than advanced snowboarders, and average more than one fall per beginner per run. Runs in the pipe and in a terrain park resulted in a fall 34 and 20 % of the time, respectively. Terrain and experience dictated which body part impacted the snow surface. For beginners, 72 % of all falls were onto the hands. For more experienced participants in the half-pipe or in a terrain park, 50 % of falls were onto the boarder's back or bottom. Helmet use for snowboarders was slightly greater than 50 %. Children were most likely to use a helmet (>90 %), while less than 40 % of young adults used helmets. These observational data will be expanded and combined with injury data to quantify injury risk in the sport of snowboarding as a function of key demographics and environmental variables.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aEpidemics.
=650  \0$aInjury rates.
=650  \0$aSnowboard injuries.
=650  \0$aEpidemiology.
=650  14$aSnowboard injuries.
=650  24$aEpidemiology.
=650  24$aInjury rates.
=650  24$aFalls.
=700  1\$aGreenwald, RM.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI14201.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI14203
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI14203$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI14203$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRC1220.S57
=082  04$a617.1/027$223
=100  1\$aScher, I.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aHead Injury in Snowboarding :$bEvaluating the Protective Role of Helmets /$cI. Scher, D. Richards, M. Carhart.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b10
=520  3\$aAccording to a 1999 report by the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, head injuries represent approximately 14 % of all skiing and snowboarding injuries. In a recent retrospective study of patients treated for snowboarding-related head injuries, Nakaguchi and Tsutsumi (2002) found that major head injuries were most often associated with backward falls (68 %) resulting in occipital impacts (66 % of falls) occurring on a gentle or moderate slope. They concluded that the majority of severe snowboarding head injuries were caused by the “opposite-edge phenomenon” where the snowboarder falls backward and contacts the occiput. In order to determine if the use of skiing helmets would reduce the likelihood of head injury associated with catching an edge snowboarding, we conducted a two-part study. In the first part, we measured the speeds of over 180 snowboarders on beginner and intermediate slopes at Mammoth, CA. Across all locations at the resort, the average speeds of beginner and intermediate snowboarders were 17.7 kph (11.0 mph) and 31.9 kph (19.8 mph), respectively. In the second part of the study, we used an instrumented 50th percentile male Hybrid III anthropomorphic test device (ATD) to determine the head accelerations and neck loads associated with a backward fall onto the occiput, both with and without wearing a helmet. For these tests, the ATD was fitted with snowboarding equipment and accelerated to the speeds associated with an intermediate snowboarder (as measured in the first part of the study). Once the ATD was at speed, the snowboard was snubbed on the back edge, simulating the “opposite-edge phenomena” and the posterior aspect of the ATD head was propelled toward the snow surface or a simulated tree. Film analysis of the ATD fall kinematics demonstrated a rapid transition to whole-body angular motion at opposite edge catch. The use of a helmet reduced substantially the linear accelerations and head injury criterion associated with head-to-ground contact on hard, icy snow and during the simulated tree contact. Also, the neck loads were reduced modestly with helmet use. These findings indicate that helmets can mitigate head-to-ground contact severity associated with a common snowboarding fall scenario, the “opposite-edge-phenomenon.”.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAdolescent.
=650  \0$aChild.
=650  \0$aHumans.
=650  \0$aSkiing.
=650  \0$aSnowboarding.
=650  \0$aHead injuries.
=650  \0$aNeck injuries.
=650  14$aHelmet.
=650  24$aSkiing.
=650  24$aSnowboarding.
=650  24$aHead injuries.
=650  24$aNeck injuries.
=700  1\$aRichards, D.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aCarhart, M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI14203.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI14204
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI14204$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI14204$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA473
=082  04$a620.1/76$223
=100  1\$aArimoto, K.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aExplanation of the Origin of Distortion and Residual Stress in Water Quenched Cylinders Using Computer Simulation /$cK. Arimoto, T. Horino, F. Ikuta, C. Jin, S. Tamura, M. Narazaki.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (22 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b40
=520  3\$aMeasurements of quench distortion and internal residual stresses in quenched cylinders have been performed for many years. Distortion and stress distribution patterns have been identified in the typical steels and cooling conditions. Pioneers of the heat treatment simulation compared their simulated results with experimental data obtained and reported in the 1970s and 1980s. However, these early researchers did not fully explain the mechanism of distortion and residual stress generation based on their simulated results. Although there were several reports on distribution changes of stress, similar reports relating to strains were rarely reported. In this research, water quenched steel cylinders were simulated and an origin of distortion and residual stress generations was explained using the simulated stress and strain distribution changes.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSteel$xFatigue$vHandbooks, manuals, etc.
=650  \0$aResidual stresses $vHandbooks, manuals, etc.
=650  \0$aQuench distortion.
=650  \0$aResidual stress.
=650  14$aQuench distortion.
=650  24$aResidual stress.
=650  24$aHeat treatment simulation.
=700  1\$aHorino, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aIkuta, F.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aJin, C.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTamura, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNarazaki, M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI14204.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI14205
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI14205$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI14205$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTE250
=082  04$a625.8/5/0287$223
=100  1\$aChoubane, B.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAssessing the Precision of Falling Weight Deflectometer for Field Measurements /$cB. Choubane, S. Gokhale, N. Mike Jackson, A. Nazef.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aDeflection-based techniques are being widely used to evaluate the structural integrity and for estimating the elastic moduli of in-service pavements. These deflections can be non-destructively induced and measured using various commercially available devices. In recent years, the Falling Weight Deflectometer (FWD) has gained worldwide acceptance among most highway agencies due to its versatility and ease of use. However, as with any testing using subject-driven, instrumented devices, the major concerns of the end usefulness of the resulting data are accuracy and precision. Although a level of uncertainty is always inherent to any measurement process, it must also be appropriately quantified or assessed. Therefore, the Florida Department of Transportation initiated the present field study to assess the level of precision of FWD measurements on flexible pavements. Deflection data were acquired using three FWD units concurrently on four different asphalt pavement sections. The precision was then addressed in terms of testing repeatability and reproducibility. In addition, the effects of buffer designs on deflection measurements were also evaluated. This paper presents a description of the testing program, data collection efforts, and subsequent analyses and findings. Precision statements for repeatability and reproducibility of field measurements were developed and are summarized herein. A generally high level of repeatability and reproducibility of the deflection measurements is demonstrated.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPavements, Asphalt$xTesting.
=650  \0$aPavements$xMaintenance and repair$xEquipment and supplies.
=650  \0$aNondestructive testing.
=700  1\$aGokhale, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMike Jackson, N.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNazef, A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI14205.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI19018
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI19018$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI19018$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRC377
=082  04$a616.8/34$223
=100  1\$aSonsino, CM.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPrinciples of Variable Amplitude Fatigue Design and Testing /$cCM. Sonsino.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (21 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b29
=520  3\$aThe proper consideration of variable amplitude loading by utilizing service spectra and appropriate Gassner-lines is essential for the design of light-weight components and structures by allowing loads in significant excess of the Woehler-line (S-N curve). This permits higher stresses than under constant amplitude loading and renders reduced component dimensions. Reliable reconstitution and simulation methods for service load-time histories require not only the rainflow matrices, but also information about the order of the cycles described by Markovian matrices, the power spectral density and, for multiaxial applications, the cross-correlations between the particular load directions as well as the phase relations. A major problem in numerical fatigue life assessment is still the fatigue life calculations for spectrum loading, because of the scattering of the real damage sum D over a wide range, which is not entirely understood. These findings demonstrate the need for experimental spectrum tests, which are indispensable for ensuring the safety of parts. With regard to safety and liability requirements, the failure probability resulting from the probability of occurrence of the spectrum, from the scattering of the fatigue strength and from the failure criterion (technical crack or propagation), must be taken into account.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMultiple sclerosis.
=650  \0$aMultiple sclerosis$xExercise therapy.
=650  \0$aExperimental proof.
=650  \0$aRainflow counting.
=650  \0$aDamage accumulation.
=650  \0$aReconstitution.
=650  14$aVariable amplitude fatigue.
=650  24$aDesign and test spectra.
=650  24$aDamage accumulation.
=650  24$aRainflow counting.
=650  24$aReconstitution.
=650  24$aFatigue life assessment.
=650  24$aExperimental proof.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI19018.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI19021
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI19021$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI19021$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTG380
=082  04$a624/.252$223
=100  1\$aMarquis, GB.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aHigh Cycle Variable Amplitude Fatigue of a Nodular Cast Iron /$cGB. Marquis, BR. Rabb, P. Karjalainen-Roikonen.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (17 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b72
=520  3\$aThis paper provides a brief summary of life prediction methods for variable amplitude fatigue. Special attention is given to cracks propagating from nominally defect free components in the high cycle regime where a significant portion of the fatigue damage can be attributed to cycles with amplitude less than the fatigue limit observed under constant amplitude loading. Constant and variable amplitude fatigue data for a nodular cast iron are presented. An effective stress method for variable amplitude loaded similar to the Topper model is developed. Most model parameters are derived from constant amplitude S-N curves and the Haigh diagram, but two sets of long life variable amplitude tests are needed to derive the variable amplitude interaction parameters.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aIron and steel bridges.
=650  \0$aSteel, Structural$xFatigue.
=650  \0$aSteel, Structural$xFracture.
=650  \0$aCrack closure.
=650  \0$aHigh cycle fatigue.
=650  \0$aNodular cast iron.
=650  14$aNodular cast iron.
=650  24$aVariable amplitude fatigue.
=650  24$aHigh cycle fatigue.
=650  24$aCrack closure.
=700  1\$aRabb, BR.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKarjalainen-Roikonen, P.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI19021.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI19023
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI19023$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI19023$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQA279
=082  04$a001.434$223
=100  1\$aStephens, RR.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffect of Transient Loads on Fatigue Crack Growth in Solution Treated and Aged Ti-62222 at −54, 25, and 175°C /$cRR. Stephens, RI. Stephens, SC. Berge, DE. Lemm, CD. Glancey.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (17 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aTransient loads consisting of single tensile overloads and single tensile overloads followed by single compressive underloads were applied to Ti-62222 solution treated and aged titanium alloy at −54, 25, and 175°C. Tensile overload ratios were 2.0 and 2.5, and the compressive underload ratio was −0.5. Four reference steady state ΔKss values, using constant δK testing at R = 0.1, were investigated at each temperature. Cycles of delay, fatigue crack growth during delay, and minimum fatigue crack growth rate during a transient load were obtained for all tests. Cycles of delay ranged from zero to crack arrest. Higher tensile overloads caused greater delay cycles, and underloads were often detrimental. Low and high temperatures were primarily beneficial to delay cycles relative to those at room temperature. Crack growth delay distance was always greater than the pertinent reversed plastic zone size. Fatigue crack growth life predictions were made using FASTRAN III and AFGROW computer programs and produced both conservative and non-conservative results with more than half the predictions being within ±2 of the experimental results. Macro- and microfractography revealed surface crack closure, Mode II displacements, crack tip blunting, branching, and tunneling contributed to the transient fatigue crack growth behavior.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aExperimental design.
=650  \0$aMachinery.
=650  \0$aResponse surfaces (Statistics)
=650  \0$aTemperature.
=650  \0$aFatigue crack growth.
=650  \0$aLife predictions.
=650  \0$aTensile overloads.
=650  \0$aFractography.
=650  \0$aTitanium alloy.
=650  14$aTitanium alloy.
=650  24$aFatigue crack growth.
=650  24$aTensile overloads.
=650  24$aCompressive underloads.
=650  24$aTemperature.
=650  24$aLife predictions.
=650  24$aFractography.
=700  1\$aStephens, RI.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBerge, SC.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLemm, DE.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGlancey, CD.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI19023.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI19025
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI19025$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI19025$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRC377
=082  04$a616.8/34$223
=100  1\$aMcEvily, AJ.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aOn the Causes of Deviation from the Palmgren-Miner Rule /$cAJ. McEvily, S. Ishihara, M. Endo.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b18
=520  3\$aBased upon considerations of fatigue crack growth, explanations for the observation that the Palmgren-Miner damage summation often deviates from unity can be established. It is assumed that the fatigue lifetime is taken up entirely in fatigue crack propagation, that is the number of cycles spent in crack initiation is a negligibly small fraction of the total lifetime. This assumption permits the fatigue lifetime to be analyzed in terms of a basic constitutive relation for the rate of fatigue crack growth that is given by:  dadN=A(?Keff??Keffth)2  where a is the crack length, N is the number of cycles, A is a material-environmental constant, ?Keff is the effective range of the stress intensity factor, i. e., Kmax - Kop, where Kmax is the maximum value of the stress intensity factor in a loading cycle, Kop is the stress intensity factor at the crack opening level, and ?Keffth is the effective value of the stress intensity factor at the threshold level.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMultiple sclerosis.
=650  \0$aMultiple sclerosis$xExercise therapy.
=650  \0$aFatigue crack growth.
=650  \0$aDamage summation.
=650  \0$aOverloads.
=650  \0$aUnderloads.
=650  14$aFatigue crack growth.
=650  24$aDamage summation.
=650  24$aVariable-amplitude loading.
=650  24$aTwo-step loading.
=650  24$aMultiple two-step loading.
=650  24$aOverloads.
=650  24$aUnderloads.
=700  1\$aIshihara, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aEndo, M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI19025.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI19027
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI19027$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI19027$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN693.T5
=082  04$a620.1/89322$223
=100  1\$aNewman, JC.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPrediction of Crack Growth Under Variable-Amplitude and Spectrum Loading in a Titanium Alloy /$cJC. Newman, EP. Phillips.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (19 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b22
=520  3\$aThe present paper is concerned with the application of a plasticity-induced crack-closure model, FASTRAN, to predict fatigue-crack growth under various load histories in a thin-sheet Ti-62222 STA titanium alloy. This alloy was a leading candidate for a metallic High-Speed-Civil-Transport (HSCT) aircraft in the United States. The crack-growth model was based on the Dugdale strip-yield model but modified to leave plastically deformed material in the wake of the advancing crack. The model includes the influence of “constraint” on the development of plasticity and closure during constant- and variable-amplitude load histories. The model was used to correlate crack-growth-rate data under constant-amplitude loading over a wide range in crack-growth rates and stress ratios at two service temperatures (room temperature and 175°C). Tests on repeated spike overloads were used to help establish the constraint variations in the model. The model was then used to predict crack growth under two simulated aircraft spectrum load histories at the two temperatures. The spectra were a commercial HSCT wing spectrum and the Mini-TWIST (transport wing spectrum). This paper will demonstrate how constraint plays a leading role in the retardation and acceleration effects that occur under variable-amplitude and spectrum loading. The model was able to calculate the effects of repeated spike overloads on crack growth at the two temperatures, generally within about ± 30%. Also, the predicted crack-growth behavior under the HSCT spectrum agreed well with test data (within 30%). However, the model under-predicted the fatigue-crack-growth behavior under the Mini-TWIST spectrum by about a factor-of-two. Some of the differences may be due to fretting-product-debris-induced closure or three-dimensional effects, such as free-surface closure, not included in the model. Further study is needed on life predictions under the Mini-TWIST flight spectrum.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAlloys.
=650  \0$aCrack closure.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aFatigue crack growth.
=650  \0$aFracture mechanics.
=650  \0$aConstraint.
=650  \0$aPlasticity.
=650  14$aCracks.
=650  24$aFatigue.
=650  24$aFatigue crack growth.
=650  24$aFracture mechanics.
=650  24$aStress-intensity factor.
=650  24$aCrack closure.
=650  24$aPlasticity.
=650  24$aConstraint.
=700  1\$aPhillips, EP.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI19027.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI19029
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI19029$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI19029$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRC377
=082  04$a616.8/34$223
=100  1\$aSong, JH.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCrack Growth and Closure Behavior of Short and Long Fatigue Cracks under Random Loading /$cJH. Song, C-Y Kim, S-Y Lee.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b27
=520  3\$aCrack growth and closure behavior of physically short and conventionally long cracks under random loading are extensively investigated, utilizing test results of 2024-T351 aluminum alloy obtained by performing narrow- and wide-band random loading tests for various stress ratios and random loading block lengths. A noise reduction method is developed to determine the crack opening load under random loading more easily, precisely, and economically. Crack growth rates are analyzed mainly in terms of the stress intensity factor range estimated by 2/PI correction proposed by Donald and Paris. The long and short cracks are very different in characteristics of closure behavior under random loading. Crack growth of short and long cracks under random loading can be well described by the crack closure concept. The effects of random spectrum or random block length on crack opening load and crack growth are not significant.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMultiple sclerosis.
=650  \0$aMultiple sclerosis$xExercise therapy.
=650  \0$aCrack closure.
=650  \0$aRandom loading.
=650  \0$aFatigue crack growth.
=650  \0$aLong cracks.
=650  \0$aShort cracks.
=650  14$aFatigue crack growth.
=650  24$aCrack closure.
=650  24$aLong cracks.
=650  24$aShort cracks.
=650  24$aRandom loading.
=700  1\$aKim, C-Y,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLee, S-Y,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI19029.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI19030
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI19030$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI19030$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP1180.E6
=082  04$a668.4/226$223
=100  1\$aPetermann, J.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDegradation Parameters and Two-Stress Block Fatigue of Angle-Ply Carbon Fiber Reinforced Epoxy /$cJ. Petermann, S. Hinz, K. Schulte.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b18
=520  3\$aExperimental studies on carbon/epoxy angle-ply laminates were conducted to prove different variables for their suitability as degradation parameters and to investigate frequency and load sequence effects. Within the investigated limits, the material did not behave in a frequency dependent manner. Although different damage mechanisms dominate at R = 0.1 and R = −1, the same degradation of fatigue strength per life decade was found. The variation of longitudinal stiffness and Poisson's ratio during fatigue life (the latter being considered superior to detect delaminations) exhibited load dependent characteristics. Under two-stress block fatigue, a significant effect of the load sequence on the fatigue life was found and different mechanisms were discussed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFireproofing agents.
=650  \0$aproperties.
=650  \0$aFatigue degradation.
=650  \0$aPoisson's ratio.
=650  \0$aStiffness.
=650  14$aCFRP.
=650  24$aFatigue degradation.
=650  24$aStiffness.
=650  24$aPoisson's ratio.
=700  1\$aHinz, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSchulte, K.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI19030.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI19031
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI19031$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI19031$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aBF482
=082  04$a612.744$223
=100  1\$aŁagoda, T.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aComparison of the Rain Flow Algorithm and the Spectral Method for Fatigue Life Determination Under Uniaxial and Multiaxial Random Loading /$cT. Łagoda, E. Macha, A. Niesłony.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aThis paper presents the strain energy density parameter used for fatigue life calculation under random loading by two methods. The first method is based on schematization of energy parameter histories with the rain flow algorithm. The other one is based on moments of the power spectral density function of the energy parameter. The experimental data of fatigue tests of 10HNAP steel under constant amplitude and random uniaxial loading with non-gaussion probability distribution, zero mean value, and wide-band frequency spectrum used for comparison of the rain flow algorithm and the spectral method gave satisfactory results. Next, histories of the random stress tensor with normal probability distribution, wide-band frequency, and zero mean values corresponding to biaxial tension-compression, combined tension with torsion and triaxial loading with various correlation coefficients were generated, and the lifetime was calculated. It has been observed that both methods of fatigue life determination give almost the same results.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFatigue $xDiagnosis.
=650  \0$aFatigue $xPrevention.
=650  \0$aSpectral method.
=650  \0$aHigh cycle fatigue.
=650  \0$aLife time.
=650  \0$aRandom loading.
=650  \0$aRain flow algorithm.
=650  \0$aBiaxial stress.
=650  14$aLife time.
=650  24$aBiaxial stress.
=650  24$aSpectral method.
=650  24$aStrain energy density parameter.
=650  24$aNon-proportional loading.
=650  24$aHigh cycle fatigue.
=650  24$aRain flow algorithm.
=650  24$aRandom loading.
=700  1\$aMacha, E.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNiesłony, A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI19031.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI19032
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI19032$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI19032$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTL670.3
=082  04$a629.1/3334/09$223
=100  1\$aYanishevsky, M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSpectrum Fatigue Testing and Small-Crack Life Prediction Analysis on a Coupon Similar to a Critical Design Detail of a CF188 Hornet Component /$cM. Yanishevsky, RA. Everett.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b14
=520  3\$aNumerous studies have shown that small-crack methodology can be used to predict the total fatigue life of laboratory type (KT = 1 and 3) specimens under variable amplitude loading. Prior to investigating how well this fatigue life prediction capability could be extended to “real” aircraft structures, an intermediary step was taken where total fatigue life was predicted for a laboratory type specimen similar to a critical design detail in a fighter aircraft fuselage bulkhead. Using the small-crack analysis in the computer code called FASTRAN and assuming an initial crack size of 20 microns, the time to catastrophic failure of the test coupons was predicted to within 10% of the average test times.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAircraft$xEngineering.
=650  \0$aAircrafts $xHistory.
=650  \0$aAirplanes$xHistory.
=650  \0$aSpectrum fatigue.
=650  \0$aAircraft.
=650  14$aAircraft.
=650  24$aSmall-crack life prediction.
=650  24$aSpectrum fatigue.
=700  1\$aEverett, RA.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI19032.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI19035
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI19035$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI19035$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTE213
=082  04$a625.7342$223
=100  1\$aFischer, G.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aValidation of Complex Wheel/Hub Subassemblies by Multiaxial Laboratory Tests Using Standardized Load Files /$cG. Fischer.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b3
=520  3\$aFor the evaluation of safety components like the wheel/hub subassembly, the operational loading, including special event loading as well as the influence of adjacent components and their interaction, must be taken into account. By using the described test procedure in the Biaxial Test Facility, all service-like deformations can be simulated in accelerated program tests. A reliable time, as well cost, saving validation of new designs, materials, and manufacturing technologies can be carried out.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aJoints (Engineering)
=650  \0$aField studies.
=650  \0$aFinite element method.
=650  \0$aMultiaxial loading.
=650  14$aWheel/hub subassembly.
=650  24$aMultiaxial loading.
=650  24$aVariable amplitude testing.
=650  24$aEurocycle load program.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI19035.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI19036
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI19036$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI19036$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTL685.3
=082  04$a358.4/183/0973$223
=100  1\$aMcMaster, FJ.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSpectrum Coupon Testing of Fatigue-Resistant Fasteners for an Aging Military Aircraft /$cFJ. McMaster, PC. McKeighan.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aAn experimental program of work was undertaken to assess the life improvement gained through utilizing cold expansion technology to enhance the resistance of cracking at fatigue critical locations (FCLs) in an aging military trainer aircraft. The FCLs considered included a countersunk hole and nutplate on two different wing spars. The overall goal of the experimental work was to provide a comparative assessment of the influence of the major variables examined, which included cold expansion method and process, hole size, countersink size, nutplate geometry, flight spectrum, and joint configurations. The results of this work clearly illustrated the inherent sensitivity of life improvement factors to the myriad of variables involved. Nevertheless, the foregoing experimental work clearly demonstrated the valuable life improvement that is provided by cold expansion for nearly all cases examined.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aWeapon systems.
=650  \0$aProduction control.
=650  \0$aAircraft industry$xMilitary aspects.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aSpectrum testing.
=650  \0$aCold expansion.
=650  \0$aLife improvement.
=650  14$aCold expansion.
=650  24$aFatigue.
=650  24$aLife improvement.
=650  24$aSpectrum testing.
=700  1\$aMcKeighan, PC.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI19036.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI19037
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI19037$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI19037$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK5102.9
=082  04$a621.382/2$223
=100  1\$aMcKeighan, PC.,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Framework for a Standardization Effort for Fatigue Crack Growth Testing Under Variable Amplitude Spectrum Loading /$cPC. McKeighan, FJ. McMaster.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (17 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b19
=520  3\$aFatigue crack growth testing under variable amplitude loading conditions is currently not standardized. Without standardization, the methods and techniques applied by different laboratories vary, and as such, lab-based bias can occur readily. The goal of this paper is to discuss in detail the experience developed and lessons learned during years of spectrum crack growth testing. Issues concerned with specimen geometry, crack geometry, precracking methodology, crack length measurement, spectrum content, load magnitude control, and interpretation of results are addressed herein. Although the ASTM Standard Test Method for Measurement of Fatigue Crack Growth Rates, E 647, provides guidance that is useful to this test, the specialized nature of spectrum testing does provide its own unique set of issues different from da/dN versus ΔK testing.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSpread spectrum communications.
=650  \0$aAmplitude modulation.
=650  \0$aCurves$xRectification and quadrature.
=650  \0$aCrack growth testing.
=650  \0$aFatigue testing.
=650  \0$aSpectrum loading.
=650  \0$aStandardization.
=650  14$aFatigue testing.
=650  24$aCrack growth testing.
=650  24$aVariable amplitude loading.
=650  24$aSpectrum loading.
=650  24$aStandardization.
=700  1\$aMcMaster, FJ.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI19037.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI19038
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI19038$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI19038$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRC377
=082  04$a616.8/34$223
=100  1\$aPöting, S.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aVariable Amplitude Loading on a Resonance Test Facility /$cS. Pöting, M. Traupe, J. Hug, H. Zenner.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b25
=520  3\$aThe uncertainty in fatigue lifetime calculations brings up the necessity of experimental verification. Several efforts have been undertaken in the past to improve and introduce new test methods. An alternative method for variable amplitude loading using resonance test facilities is introduced and discussed. A comparison of test results on a resonance test facility with a new control system and a servo hydraulic test facility shows no significant difference in the test results. The compatibility of the test results to those results of accepted fatigue life tests is proven for three test series of different specimens. The introduced resonance test control offers a new way for fatigue life tests, reducing the cost and time, as well as increasing the safety of products because it permits testing to much longer lives in a relatively short time.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMultiple sclerosis.
=650  \0$aMultiple sclerosis$xExercise therapy.
=650  \0$aRandom load.
=650  \0$aSpectrum load.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aResonance control.
=650  \0$aLoad time history.
=650  14$a“beat like” load.
=650  24$aRandom load.
=650  24$aResonance test facility.
=650  24$aResonance control.
=650  24$aFatigue.
=650  24$aSpectrum load.
=650  24$aLoad time history.
=650  24$aElectromagnetic test facility.
=650  24$aVariable amplitude fatigue.
=700  1\$aTraupe, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHug, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aZenner, H.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI19038.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI19040
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI19040$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI19040$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA405
=082  04$a620.1/1292$223
=100  1\$aBanvillet, A.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFatigue Life of a SG Cast Iron under Real Loading Spectra :$bEffect of the Correlation Factor Between Bending and Torsion /$cA. Banvillet, T. Palin-Luc, J-F Vittori.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b19
=520  3\$aThis paper deals with the effect on life of the desynchronism between two variable amplitude load sequences in combined bending and torsion. Experiments were carried out on smooth specimens made of the EN-GJS800-2 cast iron. The comparison between experimental lives and predicted ones with the following fatigue life calculation methods is presented: Smith-Watson-Topper, Fatemi and Socie (method proposed by Bannantine), Wang and Brown, Socie's proposal for high cycle fatigue, and Morel. If the scatter of experiments is considered, these experiments show a low effect of the correlation factor on life. All the simulated fatigue life calculation methods give good results for proportional loads, but their predictions are not good for non-proportional loads. Morel's proposal seems to be the best to predict life of the tested material with our non-proportional fatigue test conditions.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aStrength of materials.
=650  \0$atorsion.
=650  \0$aMultiaxial fatigue.
=650  \0$aVariable amplitude.
=650  \0$aLife prediction.
=650  \0$aCorrelation factor.
=650  14$aVariable amplitude.
=650  24$aMultiaxial fatigue.
=650  24$aCorrelation factor.
=650  24$aLife prediction.
=650  24$aNon-proportional loading.
=700  1\$aPalin-Luc, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aVittori, J-F,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI19040.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI19041
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI19041$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI19041$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA480.A6
=082  04$a620.1/86$223
=100  1\$aMcClung, RC.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aComparisons of Analytical Crack Closure Models and Experimental Results Under Flight Spectrum Loading /$cRC. McClung, FJ. McMaster, JH. Feiger.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (21 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aSpectrum FCG data were generated with corner cracks at center holes for three contrasting spectrum types and two aluminum alloys, 2124-T851 and 7475-T7351. Existing strip-yield crack closure models for FCG analysis under spectrum loading were evaluated in comparison to conventional FCG models and enhanced as needed. Spectrum editing methods based on closure behavior were developed to reduce both computational and experimental time. FASTRAN was modified to address apparent differences in closure behavior between the surface and bore tips for compression-dominated spectra. Strip yield models successfully predicted FCG lives for contrasting spectra with a common constraint factor, unlike conventional models.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAluminum alloys.
=650  \0$aMetals$xHeat treatment.
=650  \0$aCrack closure.
=650  \0$aSpectrum editing.
=650  \0$aFatigue crack growth.
=650  \0$aCompression.
=650  \0$aLoad interaction.
=650  \0$aAluminum alloys.
=650  \0$aFracture mechanics.
=650  \0$aConstraint.
=650  14$aFatigue crack growth.
=650  24$aAluminum alloys.
=650  24$aCrack closure.
=650  24$aSpectrum editing.
=650  24$aFracture mechanics.
=650  24$aConstraint.
=650  24$aCompression.
=650  24$aLoad interaction.
=700  1\$aMcMaster, FJ.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFeiger, JH.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI19041.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI19043
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI19043$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI19043$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK7835
=082  04$a621.38/0432$223
=100  1\$aDonald, JK.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aVariable Amplitude Fatigue Crack Growth Using Digital Signal Processing Technology /$cJK. Donald, K. George.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b6
=520  3\$aAn automated variable amplitude fatigue crack growth system has been developed using digital signal processing (DSP) technology to provide waveform generation, command-feedback verification, and crack growth monitoring. The system is designed to interface with existing analog or digital closed-loop servo-hydraulic mechanical test systems. An important parameter in the control of variable amplitude testing is the effect of loading errors on the fatigue crack growth rate response. A damage parameter (Γ) has been incorporated to quantify the magnitude and effect of loading errors. In this paper, a FALSTAFF, Mini-TWIST, and truncated Mini-TWIST aircraft spectrum were applied to an M(T) crack growth sample to demonstrate the correlation between the damage parameter and fatigue life.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSignal processing $xEquipment and supplies.
=650  \0$aElectronic digital computers.
=650  \0$aComputer.
=650  \0$aVariable amplitude.
=650  \0$aFatigue crack growth.
=650  \0$aAutomation.
=650  14$aFatigue crack growth.
=650  24$aVariable amplitude.
=650  24$aAutomation.
=650  24$aServo-hydraulic closed-loop control.
=650  24$aDigital signal processing.
=700  1\$aGeorge, K.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI19043.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI19044
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI19044$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI19044$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA480.A6
=082  04$a620.1/86$223
=100  1\$aGeorge, K.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDevelopment of a DCPD Calibration for Evaluation of Crack Growth in Corner-Notched, Open-Hole Specimens /$cK. George, HS. Reemsnyder, JK. Donald, RJ. Bucci.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aA direct current potential drop (DCPD) calibration was developed for an open-hole specimen to characterize fatigue crack growth (FCG) behavior of cracks initiating from a small corner flaw and transitioning to a through-thickness crack. A single Mode I stress intensity (KI) solution was derived covering the entire range of crack growth. The purpose of using this specimen geometry was to: 1) capture short crack behavior for specific crack length intervals of damage tolerance criteria and 2) use the data to evaluate predictive FCG methodology. Driven by these objectives, a non-standard specimen was chosen that better simulated the geometry and stress state of the component of interest: an aircraft wing design detail. Thin panels of selected 7XXX and 2XXX aluminum alloys were prepared with a centrally located open-hole with a corner notch of 0.13 mm (∼0.005 in.) to serve as a crack initiation site. Testing was conducted in high-humidity air under constant and variable amplitude loading. Short crack results agreed well with existing, closure-corrected, long crack data. Duplicate tests of the 7XXX alloys confirmed repeatability. The 2XXX alloys exhibited greater variability than the 7XXX alloys in the short crack regime. Evaluation of the predictive methods is beyond the scope of this paper and will be published separately.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAluminum alloys.
=650  \0$aMetals$xHeat treatment.
=650  \0$aVariable amplitude.
=650  \0$aFatigue crack growth.
=650  \0$aShort crack.
=650  \0$aAluminum alloys.
=650  14$aVariable amplitude.
=650  24$aFatigue crack growth.
=650  24$aShort crack.
=650  24$aAluminum alloys.
=650  24$aDirect current potential drop.
=700  1\$aReemsnyder, HS.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDonald, JK.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBucci, RJ.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI19044.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI19045
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI19045$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI19045$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRC377
=082  04$a616.8/34$223
=100  1\$aBall, DL.,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Model for the Inclusion of Notch Plasticity Effects in Fatigue Crack Growth Analysis /$cDL. Ball.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (27 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b42
=520  3\$aNotches or other stress concentrations are by far the most common sites for the initiation and growth of fatigue cracks in aircraft structures. The growth of these cracks is directly influenced by the material stress-strain response in the vicinity of the notch. Specifically, when the applied (remote) stress is sufficient to cause local plastic deformation at the notch, the response (local) stresses can no longer be found using elastic stress concentration factors, and they become dependent on the prior loading history. This is to say that the response stresses can no longer be treated as state variables. The occurrence of fatigue crack growth at notches which experience local yielding one or more times during their design lifetime is, in fact, quite common in many cyclically loaded structures. Some of the assumptions inherent in “traditional” Linear Elastic Fracture Mechanics (LEFM) based fatigue crack growth analysis may be inappropriate for such problems. In particular, the assumption that the stress distribution on a critical plane remains proportional to the elastic distribution throughout the loading history becomes incorrect when one or more of the applied loads causes plastic deformation and introduces or alters a residual stress field in this region. This paper first describes an elastic-plastic stress-strain response algorithm which may be used to estimate response stress distributions on a critical plane on a cycle-by-cycle basis. This is followed by a discussion of the manner by which stress intensity factors may be calculated based on these response stress distributions using Green's functions. Finally, the use of these stress intensity factors for the calculation of crack growth rate and, ultimately, crack growth life, is demonstrated.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMultiple sclerosis.
=650  \0$aMultiple sclerosis$xExercise therapy.
=650  \0$aGreen's functions.
=650  \0$aNotch plasticity.
=650  14$aNotch plasticity.
=650  24$aGreen's functions.
=650  24$aFatigue crack growth analysis.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI19045.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI19046
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI19046$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI19046$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aHV5810
=082  04$a362.2/98/0973$223
=100  1\$aTomita, Y.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aStudy on Fatigue Design Loads for Ships Based on Crack Growth Analysis /$cY. Tomita, K. Hashimoto, N. Osawa, K. Terai, Y. Wang.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b18
=520  3\$aAlthough ship structural members are designed to survive 20 years, fatigue crack damage still occurs, often starting very early in the ship's life, with some cracks growing quickly to considerable size. The primary factor causing variability is the sequence of the variable amplitude load cycle, and the others are welding irregularities on the weld toe and variations in mechanical properties in the material. In this paper, the load sequence effect on fatigue life variability is examined by the use of a fatigue design procedure proposed by the authors. It is found that the fatigue lives of ship structural members vary from several months to 20 years, strongly dependent on the sequence of sea state which ships encounter during ocean-going service. The worst possible loading sequence is elucidated for the fatigue life of the ship's hull. Sensitivity study of fatigue life is discussed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCrack (Drug)
=650  \0$aDrug abuse.
=650  \0$aCocaine.
=650  \0$aStorm model.
=650  \0$aFatigue design.
=650  \0$aCrack growth analysis.
=650  14$aFatigue design.
=650  24$aCrack growth analysis.
=650  24$aStorm model.
=700  1\$aHashimoto, K.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aOsawa, N.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTerai, K.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWang, Y.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI19046.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI19047
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI19047$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI19047$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.38
=082  04$a620.1126$223
=100  1\$aMorel, F.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aHigh Cycle Fatigue Testing and Analysis Using Car Standard Sequence /$cF. Morel, N. Ranganathan.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b6
=520  3\$aAn original computer software package for controlling a servo-hydraulic machine was used to carry out uniaxial and biaxial variable amplitude loading tests on a high strength steel. Tension-compression and torsion uniaxial tests, as well as combined proportional tension-torsion tests were performed under the car loading sequence CARLOS used for fatigue strength investigations of car wheel suspension components. The number of sequences to crack nucleation was estimated by means of a crack front marking technique using very small amplitude cycles to generate marker bands on the fracture surface. The experimental data obtained from these tests were compared to the predictions of the fatigue life prediction method proposed by Morel and based on a microplasticity analysis. It was shown that all the predictions, though non-conservative, were within an acceptable scatter band.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMaterials$xFatigue $xTesting.
=650  \0$aStrains and stresses$xTesting.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aHigh cycle fatigue.
=650  \0$aMultiaxial loading.
=650  \0$aDamage accumulation.
=650  14$aHigh cycle fatigue.
=650  24$aDamage accumulation.
=650  24$aMultiaxial loading.
=650  24$aFatigue crack nucleation.
=650  24$aVariable amplitude loading tests.
=650  24$aFatigue life prediction.
=700  1\$aRanganathan, N.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI19047.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI19048
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI19048$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI19048$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA479.C37
=082  04$a620.1/7$223
=100  1\$aHünecke, J.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aLife Prediction by Observation and Simulation of Short Crack Behavior in a Low Carbon Steel /$cJ. Hünecke, D. Schöne.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b6
=520  3\$aShort fatigue cracks were investigated in a 0.14 wt % carbon steel (SAE 1017) in fine grained condition by optical observation of the surface of smooth specimens under fatigue loading. Axial fatigue experiments were carried out under constant and step amplitude conditions. The lifetime to crack initiation was calculated for each ferrite grain with regard to grain size and orientation. For the calculation of crack propagation, the slip band length (grain size) and the distance between crack tip and next barrier (grain boundary) are taken into consideration. Furthermore, the simulation program includes some geometrical aspects for the description of crack coalescence.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCarbon steel.
=650  \0$aSteel alloys.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aLow carbon steel.
=650  \0$aCrack simulation.
=650  \0$aShort cracks.
=650  \0$aOptical microscopy.
=650  14$aFatigue.
=650  24$aShort cracks.
=650  24$aCrack simulation.
=650  24$aOptical microscopy.
=650  24$aLow carbon steel.
=700  1\$aSchöne, D.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI19048.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI19050
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI19050$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI19050$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTL670.3
=082  04$a629.1/3334/09$223
=100  1\$aDivenah, LL.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aLarge Commercial Aircraft Loading Spectra :$bOverview and State of the Art /$cLL. Divenah, J-Y Beaufils.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b2
=520  3\$aThe purpose of this paper is to present an overview of an Airbus' approach regarding fatigue spectra for large commercial aircraft. An accurate load representation is essential to the modern aircraft fatigue optimization process. The effort to develop spectra must be consistent with the efforts made to optimize materials and geometries. The main characteristics of large commercial aircraft spectra, both for prediction and testing, are presented. Recent advances are specifically highlighted.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAircraft$xEngineering.
=650  \0$aAircrafts $xHistory.
=650  \0$aAirplanes$xDesign and construction$xHistory.
=650  \0$aDamage tolerance.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aLoad spectrum.
=650  \0$aStructural analysis.
=650  \0$aAircraft.
=650  14$aAircraft.
=650  24$aLoad spectrum.
=650  24$aStructural analysis.
=650  24$aFatigue.
=650  24$aDamage tolerance.
=700  1\$aBeaufils, J-Y,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI19050.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI19051
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI19051$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI19051$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTS227.2
=082  04$a671.5/2$223
=100  1\$aDarcis, P.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFatigue Reliability Analysis of an Overload Effect in Welded Joints Including Crack Initiation and Plastic Zone as Random Variables /$cP. Darcis, N. Recho.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b25
=520  3\$aThis paper deals with the reliability analysis of the influence of an overload on the fatigue design of welded joints. The modeling of the fatigue life is presented as the sum of four parts: the first one concerns the fatigue life initiation, the second one involves the fatigue life between the initiation period and the overload application, the third one deals with the fatigue life behavior from the overload to the total restoration of the crack growth rate, and the fourth is related to the fatigue life between the end of the retardation zone until the failure. Concerning the modeling of the retardation effect, particular attention is given to the calculation of the effective stress intensity factor. Finally, the developed methodology is applied to the case of welded joints in order to evaluate the importance of considering the overload effect in the reliability analysis.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSteel, Structural$xCorrosion.
=650  \0$aSteel, Structural$xWelding.
=650  \0$aOverload.
=650  \0$aFatigue crack growth.
=650  \0$aReliability analysis.
=650  \0$aWelded joints.
=650  14$aReliability analysis.
=650  24$aFatigue crack growth.
=650  24$aOverload.
=650  24$aWelded joints.
=700  1\$aRecho, N.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI19051.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI19053
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI19053$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI19053$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRC377
=082  04$a616.8/34$223
=100  1\$aAkpan, UO.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFuzzy Probabilistic Assessment of Aging Aircraft Structures Subjected to Multiple Site Fatigue Damage /$cUO. Akpan, PA. Rushton, TE. Dunbar, TS. Koko.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aA strategy is developed for fuzzy probabilistic assessment of the fatigue resistance of aging aircraft structures due to multiple site fatigue damage (MSD). The residual strength of an aircraft structure may be significantly reduced by the existence of fatigue damage at multiple locations. Depending on the level of subjectivity and degree of knowledge, MSD-related parameters may be represented as either purely random variables or fuzzy random variables. The membership functions of probabilistic characteristics of fuzzy random variables, namely mean values and standard deviations, are developed. Mechanistic and probabilistic models used to evaluate multi-site fatigue damage are also presented. A probabilistic solution strategy, employing the first order reliability method (FORM), is combined with the response surface-based fuzzy modeling approach to develop possibility distributions of the probabilistic response quantities (namely reliability indices and failure probabilities) for components subjected to multiple site fatigue damage. Instead of providing the traditional single valued, purely probabilistic measure for reliability, the present formulation proves its merit in its ability to combine experimental data with expert knowledge to provide confidence bounds on the structural integrity of aging aircraft. Moreover, the predicted bounds are dependent on the level of knowledge regarding the fuzzy input parameters, with a higher degree of knowledge resulting in more narrow bounds. An example problem is used to demonstrate the advantages of the proposed methodology.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMultiple sclerosis.
=650  \0$aMultiple sclerosis$xExercise therapy.
=650  \0$aCompounding method.
=650  \0$aMultiple site damage.
=650  \0$aResponse surface.
=650  \0$aFuzzy modeling.
=650  14$aMultiple site damage.
=650  24$aFuzzy modeling.
=650  24$aProbabilistic analysis.
=650  24$aCompounding method.
=650  24$aResponse surface.
=700  1\$aRushton, PA.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDunbar, TE.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKoko, TS.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI19053.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI19054
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI19054$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI19054$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.38
=082  04$a620.11$223
=100  1\$aRomeiro, F.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffect of Overloads and Underloads on Fatigue Crack Growth and Interaction Effects /$cF. Romeiro, M. de Freitas, S. Pommier.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aUnder constant amplitude loading a single variable (ΔK) is required in crack growth relationships. The transferability of fatigue laws, determined under constant amplitude loading, to variable amplitude fatigue requires at least an additional variable, whose evolution with crack length accounts for the interaction effects between cycles of different types. The crack opening level (Kop) is usually employed for this purpose because it can be determined from the experiments and compared with predictions from models or FEM analyses. This paper presents an analysis of fatigue crack growth on M(T) specimens of medium carbon steel specimens and using FEM analyses. The specimens are subjected to repeated blocks of cycles made up of one or several overloads separated by a variable number of baseline cycles. The experiments are simulated by FEM analyses, taking into account the cyclic plastic behavior of the low carbon steel. The main objective of this study is to better understand the mechanisms at the origin of interactions effects due to the presence of overloads (or underloads) at different locations of the block loading. It is concluded that the interaction effects are closely related to the cyclic plastic behavior of the material and namely to the Bauschinger effect.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMetals$xFatigue.
=650  \0$aMetals$xEffect of high temperatures on.
=650  \0$aOverloads.
=650  \0$aUnderloads.
=650  14$aVariable amplitude loading.
=650  24$aPlasticity-induced crack closure.
=650  24$aOverloads.
=650  24$aUnderloads.
=700  1\$ade Freitas, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPommier, S.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI19054.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI19055
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI19055$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI19055$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA645
=082  04$a624.1/7$223
=100  1\$aWu, Z.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCalculation of Stress Intensity Factors for Cracks in Structural and Mechanical Components Subjected to Complex Stress Fields /$cZ. Wu, G. Glinka, H. Jakubczak, L. Nilsson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b15
=520  3\$aOne of the difficulties in using fracture mechanics is in determining stress intensity factors of cracked structural and mechanical components. The cracks are often subjected to complex stress fields induced by external loads and residual stresses resulting from the surface treatment. Both stress fields are characterized by non-uniform distributions, and handbook stress intensity factor solutions are seldom available in such cases. The method presented below is based on the generalized weight function technique enabling the stress intensity factors to be calculated for any Mode I loading applied to a planar semi-elliptical surface crack. The stress intensity factor can be determined at any point on the crack tip contour by using the general weight function. The calculation is carried out by integrating the product of the stress field and the weight function over the crack area.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aStructural analysis (Engineering)
=650  \0$aStrains and stresses.
=650  \0$aWeight function.
=650  14$aStress intensity factor.
=650  24$aWeight function.
=650  24$aNonlinear stress field.
=700  1\$aGlinka, G.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aJakubczak, H.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNilsson, L.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI19055.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI19061
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI19061$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI19061$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA648.3
=082  04$a624.1/7$223
=100  1\$aTabernig, B.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPeriodic Overloads in the Near Threshold Regime /$cB. Tabernig, R. Pippan, J. Foulquier, A. Rapaport, S. Sereni.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b14
=520  3\$aThe effect of periodic overloads on the crack propagation behavior in the near threshold regime of long cracks and physically (extrinsically) short cracks is investigated. A 20 Vol. % SiC particle reinforced 359 cast aluminum alloy and a 17 Vol. % SiC particle reinforced 2129 aluminum alloy are examined. In the Paris regime the two alloys exhibit a different behavior. In the 2124 reinforced alloy a reduction of the mean crack propagation rate, which is typical for ductile metals, is observed. On the other hand the mean crack propagation rate accelerates in the 359 reinforced cast alloy, which is caused by generation of micro-cracks during the overload.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aStrains and stresses.
=650  \0$aStructural dynamics.
=650  \0$aCrack closure.
=650  \0$aShort crack.
=650  \0$aPeriodic overloads.
=650  14$aPeriodic overloads.
=650  24$aThreshold of stress intensity range.
=650  24$aShort crack.
=650  24$aCrack closure.
=700  1\$aPippan, R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFoulquier, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRapaport, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSereni, S.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI19061.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI19063
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI19063$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI19063$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA409
=082  04$a620.1/26$223
=100  1\$aGérard, N.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCrack Initiation at a Notch under Constant and Selected Variable Amplitude Loading Conditions /$cN. Gérard, R. Leroy, O. Girard, N. Ranganathan.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b18
=520  3\$aIn a previous study, we showed that crack initiation life at a notch tip can be modeled as the micro crack propagation life from an initial microstructural defect up to a crack size of about 500 µm. This model is based upon the assumption that short cracks at a notch propagate without any significant closure effects. In our present experimental study, the results of fatigue tests to verify this hypothesis are presented and discussed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aStructural dynamics.
=650  \0$aFatigue life.
=650  \0$aNotch.
=650  \0$aShort crack.
=650  \0$aCrack initiation.
=650  \0$aLocal strain.
=650  \0$aPrediction.
=650  \0$aFracture mechanics.
=650  14$aNotch.
=650  24$aCrack initiation.
=650  24$aFatigue life.
=650  24$aLocal strain.
=650  24$aShort crack.
=650  24$aPrediction.
=650  24$aFracture mechanics.
=700  1\$aLeroy, R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGirard, O.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRanganathan, N.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI19063.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI19064
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI19064$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI19064$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA480.A6
=082  04$a620.1/86$223
=100  1\$aRanganathan, N.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aOverload Effects in Aluminum Alloys :$bInfluence of Plasticity and Environment /$cN. Ranganathan, A. Tougui, F. Lacroix, J. Petit.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b19
=520  3\$aThis paper presents the behavior of selected aluminum alloys when subjected to a single overload, with an aim to highlight the effects of plasticity and environment. The delaying effect of a single overload is given in terms of number of delay cycles. The delay behavior is systematically compared with the constant amplitude crack growth resistance. It is shown that for most of the studied alloys, a strong parallel can be drawn between the constant amplitude crack growth behavior and the overload induced delay. Delay induced by an overload in vacuum is higher than that in air for the 7075 and the 2024 alloys, compatible with stronger constant amplitude crack growth resistance in vacuum. The influence of the elastic-plastic behavior is stronger in vacuum than in air. In the case of the Aluminum Lithium alloy, delay in air is higher than that in vacuum, which is opposite to the behavior under constant amplitude loading. The basic mechanisms governing crack growth in aluminum alloys and their influence on the delay induced by an overload are revealed. The experimental results are compared with a phenomenological model, taking into account the cyclic plastic behavior of materials.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAluminum alloys.
=650  \0$aMetals$xHeat treatment.
=650  \0$aOverload.
=650  \0$aModeling.
=650  \0$aMechanisms.
=650  \0$aEnvironment.
=650  \0$aDelay.
=650  \0$aPlasticity.
=650  14$aOverload.
=650  24$aDelay.
=650  24$aPlasticity.
=650  24$aEnvironment.
=650  24$aMechanisms.
=650  24$aModeling.
=700  1\$aTougui, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLacroix, F.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPetit, J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI19064.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI19065
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI19065$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI19065$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRC377
=082  04$a616.8/34$223
=100  1\$aSunder, R.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMulti-Mechanism Synergy in Variable-Amplitude Fatigue /$cR. Sunder, NE. Ashbaugh, WJ. Porter, AH. Rosenberger.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (21 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b33
=520  3\$aFractographic studies on Al alloys and a nickel-base super-alloy point to the combined action of three major load-interaction mechanisms in controlling crack growth under variable-amplitude loading. These are crack closure, residual stress, and crack front incompatibility. Crack front incompatibility attenuates crack tip response to applied load and can also increase crack closure stress. Notch root residual stress affects crack closure, while crack tip residual stress moderates environment-enhanced fatigue crack extension. The latter effect disappears in vacuum. Experiments designed to isolate the effect of individual mechanisms provide a framework to model their synergistic action, consistent with microscopic observations of crack growth bands in variable amplitude fatigue.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMultiple sclerosis.
=650  \0$aMultiple sclerosis$xExercise therapy.
=650  \0$aCrack closure.
=650  \0$aThresholds.
=650  14$aCrack growth mechanisms.
=650  24$aThresholds.
=650  24$aResidual stress effect.
=650  24$aCrack closure.
=650  24$aCrack front incompatibility.
=700  1\$aAshbaugh, NE.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPorter, WJ.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRosenberger, AH.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI19065.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI19066
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2004\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI19066$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI19066$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN757.C5
=082  04$a672$223
=100  1\$aAubin, V.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aLoad History in Fatigue :$bEffect of Strain Amplitude and Loading Path /$cV. Aubin, P. Quaegebeur, S. Degallaix.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2004.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b24
=520  3\$aThe low-cycle fatigue behavior of a duplex stainless steel, 60% α - 40 % γ, is studied under tension-compression/torsion loading at room temperature and under strain control. It is shown that the duplex stainless steel has an isotropic behavior under cyclic proportional loading. The loading path induces an extra-hardening on cyclic hardening of duplex stainless steel but lower than that on austenitic stainless steels. The effect of loading history is studied in terms of strain amplitude, mean strain, and loading path. It is shown that only histories in strain amplitude and loading path have an effect on the stabilized stress.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aNicht rostender Stahl.
=650  \0$aLow-cycle fatigue.
=650  \0$aBiaxial loading.
=650  \0$aExtra-hardening.
=650  \0$aCyclic plasticity.
=650  \0$aExperimental study.
=650  14$aDuplex stainless steel.
=650  24$aCyclic plasticity.
=650  24$aBiaxial loading.
=650  24$aExtra-hardening.
=650  24$aExperimental study.
=650  24$aLow-cycle fatigue.
=700  1\$aQuaegebeur, P.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDegallaix, S.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 1, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2004$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI19066.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100248
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100248$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100248$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQP335
=082  04$a612.75$223
=100  1\$aHaider, H.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffects of Patient and Surgical Alignment Variables on Kinematics in TKR Simulation Under Force-Control /$cH. Haider, P. Walker, J. DesJardins, G. Blunn.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b37
=520  3\$aSimulation of total knee replacement (TKR) is typically achieved by integrating sliding/rolling motions and loads between the implant's articulating surfaces during an activity cycle such as walking. Clinically, however, important variations in implant alignment and duty occur due to variability in patient anatomy/arthritic deformity, compounded by choices or errors in surgical installation. This study investigated the effects of the activity cycle severity, frontal plane alignment, relative femoral/tibial component rotational position, and the tightness of the posterior cruciate ligament (PCL). Seven different (four fixedbearing and three mobile-bearing) cruciate-retaining TKRs with different inherent constraints were tested on a force-control knee simulator. As well as the ISO standard wave forms for walking, an Enhanced Duty Cycle was used. The resulting anterior-posterior displacements and axial rotations were increased with the Enhanced Duty Cycle. Changing the line of action of the compressive force in the frontal plane (varus-valgus over/under-correction) did not appreciably change the kinematics. Rotating the tibial component shifted the rotational curves in the same direction as the misalignment. The PCL tightness produced the most noticeable effect on kinematics; a tight PCL reduced both displacements and rotations, and a loose PCL did the opposite.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMobile bearing knee.
=650  \0$aKnee simulator.
=650  \0$aTKR wear.
=650  \0$aKnee kinematics.
=650  14$aKnee simulator.
=650  24$aKnee kinematics.
=650  24$aMobile bearing knee.
=650  24$aKnee surgical technique.
=650  24$aTKR wear.
=700  1\$aWalker, P.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDesJardins, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBlunn, G.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100248.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100249
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100249$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100249$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRD686
=082  04$a617.5/80592$223
=100  1\$aOrozco, D.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aWear Scar Prediction Based on Wear Simulator Input Data—A Preliminary Artificial Neural Network Approach /$cD. Orozco, T. Schwenke, MA. Wimmer.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b18
=520  3\$aA significant difference in wear scar formation between tested and retrieved knee implants of the same type has been reported. In this study, an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) model has been designed with the aim to gain knowledge of relationships between simulator input parameters and generated wear scars. One hundred twenty-four short-term tests were conducted with four implants of a single design using a four-station knee simulator in load control mode. Data points of the wear scar boundaries were transferred into bitmap images for computer analysis. Eighty percent of these discretized wear scars formed the output training set for a back-propagation neural network. The input training set was selected from the related simulator input motion and load parameters. The remainder of the testing matrix was used for network cross-validation and testing. Training resulted in 82.9% accuracy of the input-to-output relationship and 69.3% predictive capability. The predictive capabilities of the network may be further enhanced by utilizing a modification of the learning algorithm.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPolyethylene.
=650  \0$aSimulator tuning.
=650  \0$aWear simulation.
=650  14$aWear.
=650  24$aTotal knee prosthesis.
=650  24$aWear simulation.
=650  24$aPolyethylene.
=650  24$aUHMWPE.
=650  24$aSimulator tuning.
=650  24$aBackpropagation network.
=700  1\$aSchwenke, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWimmer, MA.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100249.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100250
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100250$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100250$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRD561
=082  04$a617.5/820592$223
=100  1\$aSchwenke, T.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSlip Velocity Direction Impacts Wear in Total Knee Arthropolasty /$cT. Schwenke, LL. Borgstede, E. Schneider, MA. Wimmer.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (5 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b15
=520  3\$aTotal knee arthroplasties are subjected to high slip velocities and constantly changing velocity vector directions, as they mimic the anatomical conditions of the natural joint. Together with fluid film thickness and applied load, the velocity difference between the two bodies defines the amount of energy that is induced into the contact. Particularly for polyethylene (PE), it is known that the angle describing the difference in motion direction is an important variable for material loss. In this study, a wheel-on-flat simulator scenario was used to apply a slip velocity vector with a constant magnitude and changing direction over the length of a polyethylene sample. The difference in vector orientation ranged from zero to 20.4°, while a constant axial load of 1600 N was applied, and the contact area was submersed in physiological testing fluid. After 500k cycles, the surface of the PE specimen was visually examined and scanned with a video-based measurement system to analyze the wear profile. Polishing was the predominant wear pattern, and minor striations were found in the end zone of the wear area. The wear depth increased with higher velocity angles—this relationship appeared to be linear. This study supports earlier publications that reported a correlation between cross-shear motion and wear. The presented experimental results will help in attempts to numerically simulate wear generation.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aTotal knee arthroplasty.
=650  \0$aTotal knee replacement$xReoperation.
=650  \0$aArthroplasty, Replacement, Knee.
=650  \0$aCross-shear motion.
=650  \0$aSlip velocity.
=650  14$aWear.
=650  24$aUHMWPE.
=650  24$aTotal knee arthroplasty.
=650  24$aSlip velocity.
=650  24$aCross-shear motion.
=700  1\$aBorgstede, LL.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSchneider, E.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWimmer, MA.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100250.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100251
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100251$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100251$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRD686
=082  04$a617.5/80592$223
=100  1\$aWhite, BF.,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Simulator Study of TKR Kinematics Using Modeled Soft-Tissue Constraint :$bVirtual Soft-Tissue Control for Knee Simulation /$cBF. White, D. D'Lima, AC. Drueding, J. Cox, FJ. Carignan.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b21
=520  3\$aThe clinical relevance of knee simulation relies on the accurate reproduction of in vivo TKR kinematics. Current generation force-control knee simulators use mechanical springs to simulate the knee's soft-tissue constraint. Because the constraint provided by the soft tissue is complex in nature, with nonlinear force displacement characteristics and axis coupled behavior, it is difficult or impossible to model this behavior with mechanical springs. This paper describes a virtual soft-tissue control methodology, which provides enhanced modeling of the knee's soft tissue. TKR kinematics were evaluated for a posteriorly stabilized prosthetic device using a range of plausible soft-tissue models derived from the literature. The device was exercised with the standard ISO force-control waveforms while varying the constraint model to compare several different soft-tissue models. Kinematic and kinetic data were taken and tracking performance analyzed for several different constraint models.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSoft tissue constraint.
=650  \0$aKnee implant testing.
=650  \0$aKnee testing.
=650  \0$aKnee simulation.
=650  \0$aKnee simulator.
=650  \0$aKnee wear.
=650  \0$aTKR kinematics.
=650  14$aTKR kinematics.
=650  24$aKnee simulator.
=650  24$aKnee simulation.
=650  24$aSoft-tissue constraint.
=650  24$aKnee wear.
=650  24$aKnee testing.
=650  24$aTKA.
=650  24$aKnee implant testing.
=700  1\$aD'Lima, D.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDrueding, AC.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aCox, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aCarignan, FJ.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100251.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100252
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100252$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100252$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRD755.7
=082  04$a617.5/6059$223
=100  1\$aKurtz, S.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aRetrieval Analysis of Total Disc Replacements :$bImplications for Standardized Wear Testing /$cS. Kurtz, R. Siskey, L. Ciccarelli, A. van Ooij, J. Peloza, M. Villarrage.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b19
=520  3\$aThe purpose of this study was to evaluate the wear and surface damage mechanisms of polyethylene in retrieved CHARITÉ total disc replacements. The retrieved implants showed evidence of adhesive/abrasive wear mechanisms in the central domed region of the implants. In addition, there was also evidence of macroscopic rim damage, including radial cracking, plastic deformation, and third body damage. The retrieved total disc replacements (TDRs) displayed surface damage observed previously in both hip and knee replacements. The information from this study will be useful for engineers seeking to adequately replicate long-term, clinically relevant damage modes of TDRs using in vitro testing methods.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aTotal Disc Arthroplasty.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aFracture.
=650  \0$aPolyethylene.
=650  \0$aSurface damage.
=650  \0$aWear.
=650  \0$aRetrieval analysis.
=650  14$aTotal disc arthroplasty.
=650  24$aWear.
=650  24$aSurface damage.
=650  24$aFatigue.
=650  24$aFracture.
=650  24$aRetrieval analysis.
=650  24$aPolyethylene.
=700  1\$aSiskey, R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aCiccarelli, L.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$avan Ooij, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPeloza, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aVillarrage, M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100252.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100253
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100253$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100253$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRD686
=082  04$a617.5/80592$223
=100  1\$aKunze, J.,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Tracer Method to Determine Extremely Low Wear Rates of Ultrahigh Molecular Weight Polyethylene /$cJ. Kunze, MA. Wimmer.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aWear testing protocols of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE), which rely on gravimetric or topographic measurements, or both, for wear determination, are usually complicated due to fluid absorption or creep, or both, of the polyethylene samples. In this study we report the feasibility of using a tracer material to quantify wear of polyethylene. Europium (Eu), a rare earth element, has been identified as a suitable tracer material. Eu can be quantified with ICP-MS. Nascent UHMWPE powder has been mixed with a solution of Eu-acetate. Different mixing techniques were tried to homogenize the tracer distribution before consolidation. After molding, the 10-mm diameter pins were worn on a pin-on-disk testing apparatus. In addition, lubricant samples were taken at regular time intervals. The Eu content was analyzed and the derived polyethylene wear rate was compared with the weight loss of the pins.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPolyethylene.
=650  \0$aTracer material.
=650  \0$aMarker.
=650  \0$aWear.
=650  \0$aWear measurement.
=650  14$aPolyethylene.
=650  24$aWear.
=650  24$aWear measurement.
=650  24$aTracer material.
=650  24$aMarker.
=700  1\$aWimmer, MA.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100253.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100255
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100255$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100255$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRD686
=082  04$a617.5/80592$223
=100  1\$aSchwenke, T.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aLoad Profile and Fluid Composition Influence the Soak Behavior of UHMWPE Implants /$cT. Schwenke, E. Schneider, MA. Wimmer.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (5 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b24
=520  3\$aWear of total joint replacements is determined gravimetrically in simulator studies. A mix of bovine serum, distilled water, and additives is intended to replicate the lubrication conditions in vivo. Load soak stations are used to correct for weight gain due to fluid absorption. Although the implementation of a soak station is considered only as an option for wear testing, this study indicated that fluid absorption depends on the lubricant composition as well as on the applied load profile. Two different fluid recipes were tested with three load scenarios each. Standard ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) pins acted against commercially available ceramic hip balls. Dynamic (0 to 1000 N), static (1000 N), and no load were applied for 23.1 days (or 2·106 cycles). Both lubricant recipes based on the same mix of deionized water and newborn calf serum (final protein content: 30 g/L), and differed in the chemicals admixed to the fluid to minimize bacterial growths and to prevent protein precipitation. After test completion, the group of samples tested in fluid B gained 2.4-, 3.6-, and 4.2-fold the weight of samples submersed in fluid A for the dynamically, statically, and nonloaded samples, respectively. The specimens showed a significantly higher weight gain under dynamic load than subjected to static or no load for both fluids. The results of this study suggest the implementation of a load-soak control station for every wear test when UHMWPE materials are examined.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSoak control.
=650  \0$aFluid absorption.
=650  \0$aJoint simulator.
=650  \0$aWear.
=650  \0$aTest lubricant.
=650  14$aTest lubricant.
=650  24$aFluid absorption.
=650  24$aJoint simulator.
=650  24$aSoak control.
=650  24$aWear.
=700  1\$aSchneider, E.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWimmer, MA.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100255.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100256
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100256$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100256$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH4811.D43
=082  04$a690.8$223
=100  1\$aKing, MB.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEvaluating Methods for Water Vapor Transmission of Moisture Vapor Suppression Coatings on Concrete /$cMB. King, H. Kanare.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b7
=520  3\$aMoisture vapor suppression coatings are used on millions of square feet of concrete floor slabs to remediate distress of moisture-sensitive floor coverings. We evaluated the suitability of ASTM E 96 and ASTM D 1653 for assessing performance of these coatings. ASTM E 96 can take several months, whereas free films can be evaluated using D 1653 in one to two weeks. Both methods were in close agreement for 100 % solids epoxy coatings but differ considerably for water-based coatings. Several types of coatings became severely distorted during D 1653 testing and could not provide useful results, including cementitious and polymer latexes and urethanes. Repeatability for coated and uncoated concrete specimens using ASTM E 96 was comparable to published precision data for other materials. The authors recommend that water vapor transmission testing of concrete and coated concrete specimens be included in the scope of ASTM E 96.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aConcrete.
=650  \0$aPermeance.
=650  \0$aWater vapor.
=650  \0$aCoatings.
=650  \0$aEpoxies.
=650  \0$aSealants.
=650  14$aCoatings.
=650  24$aEpoxies.
=650  24$aPermeance.
=650  24$aConcrete.
=650  24$aWater vapor.
=650  24$aSealants.
=650  24$aFilms.
=700  1\$aKanare, H.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100256.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100257
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100257$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100257$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTJ1075
=082  04$a621.8/9$223
=100  1\$aReinisch, G.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDifferences of the Mechanical Setup of Hip Simulators and Their Consequences on the Outcome of Hip Wear Testing /$cG. Reinisch, J. Schoerg, E. Leder, KP. Judmann, W. Plitz, F. Franek.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b30
=520  3\$aThe search for improved wear resistant materials for hip endoprostheses has lead to an international standard for wear testing of total hip joint prosthesis (ISO 14242). The displacement and load curves in this standard are derived from clinical gait analysis. However the standard leaves the interpretation of its displacement curves open since no coordinate system is defined in the document. By reviewing the development of the standard, the apparent coordinate system is identified and its application from both, an anatomical point of view and a technical perspective for designing hip simulators is explained. The study examines the coordinate transformations necessary for using common gait analysis data with the standard. On the basis of these transformations, the relative movements of the articulating surfaces are compared with existing hip simulators, the situation in vivo and the guidelines of the ISO standard. Thus possible consequences on the outcome of hip wear testing are discussed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHip simulator.
=650  \0$aWear.
=650  \0$aArtificial hip joint.
=650  \0$aTribology.
=650  14$aHip simulator.
=650  24$aWear.
=650  24$aTribology.
=650  24$aArtificial hip joint.
=700  1\$aSchoerg, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLeder, E.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aJudmann, KP.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPlitz, W.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFranek, F.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100257.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100259
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100259$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100259$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRD561
=082  04$a617.5/820592$223
=100  1\$aZhao, D.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aComputational Wear Prediction of UHMWPE in Knee Replacements /$cD. Zhao, W. Gregory Sawyer, BJ. Fregly.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aA multibody dynamic contact model predicted the damage sustained by two tibial inserts tested under different conditions on an AMTI knee simulator machine. The model required a wear factor of 7.7 × 10−7 mm3/Nm to match the wear volume measured from the first insert after 0.86 million cycles of simulated gait. The model matched the medial and lateral damage depths measured from the second insert to within 0.3 mm after 5 million cycles of simulated gait and stair (10:1 ratio). Computational models may be valuable for screening new knee implant designs rapidly and performing sensitivity studies of component positioning issues.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aTotal knee arthroplasty.
=650  \0$aTotal knee replacement$xReoperation.
=650  \0$aArthroplasty, Replacement, Knee.
=650  \0$aKnee simulator.
=650  14$aComputational wear prediction.
=650  24$aDynamic contact simulation.
=650  24$aKnee simulator.
=650  24$aTotal knee replacement.
=700  1\$aGregory Sawyer, W.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFregly, BJ.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100259.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100263
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100263$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100263$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTJ266
=082  04$a621.406$223
=100  1\$aChasan, DE.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aOxidation Testing of Long-Life Turbine Oil Fluids. Can We Do Better? /$cDE. Chasan, SR. DiFrancesco, M. Ribeaud.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b22
=520  3\$aFour turbine oils formulated with varying types and concentrations of antioxidants were aged via D 943 exposure and examined extensively at 1000, 2000, 5000, and 10 000 h. Acid number, Rotary Pressure Vessel Oxidation Test (RPVOT), High Pressure Differential Scanning Calorimetry (HPDSC)RP, and sludge determinations were made at each time interval. Only a combined evaluation of the test results for the 10 000 h oil samples (a “Total Oxidation Products” approach) gave a reasonable estimation of the true oxidative state of the fluids. One shorter term test, ASTM D 6514, was found to give a fair prediction of the overall quality of the fluids at 10 000 h.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSludge.
=650  \0$aOxidation.
=650  \0$aAcid number.
=650  \0$aTurbine oils.
=650  14$aOxidation.
=650  24$aTurbine oils.
=650  24$aTOST.
=650  24$aRPVOT.
=650  24$aHPDSC.
=650  24$aAcid number.
=650  24$aSludge.
=650  24$aTotal Oxidation Products.
=650  24$aUniversal Oxidation Test.
=700  1\$aDiFrancesco, SR.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRibeaud, M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100263.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100264
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100264$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100264$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTD427.G55
=082  04$a363.7384$223
=100  1\$aStridde, HM.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCationic-based Crop Oil Concentrates /$cHM. Stridde, CM. Elsik, RS. Tann.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (5 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b6
=520  3\$aFor most of six decades, crop oil concentrates (COCs) have been used as important tank mix adjuvants for increased pesticidal penetration. For the past 30 years, cationic surfactants have been known to enhance the bio-efficacy of numerous acid-based herbicides, especially glyphosate. With the advent of glyphosate-tolerant crops, glyphosate has become almost universal in its use. This has led to some issues with weeds hard to control with glyphosate alone. Recently a practice has developed where other herbicides and COC formulations are mixed with glyphosate to address problems with glyphosate-tolerant plants. A field study was conducted to develop a COC containing cationic surfactants that would deliver excellent, stable emulsification of the oil phase and boost the herbicidal activity of both glyphosate and the admixed herbicide. This COC worked very efficiently in a broad range of waters as well as ultra-high electrolyte environments such as ammonium sulfate solutions common to glyphosate applications.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCrop oil concentrate.
=650  \0$aGlyphosate.
=650  \0$aMorningglory control.
=650  \0$aPrickly sida control.
=650  \0$aShattercane control.
=650  \0$aVelvetleaf control.
=650  \0$aWaterhemp control.
=650  \0$aQuizalofop.
=650  \0$aGlyphosate antagonist.
=650  14$aCrop oil concentrate.
=650  24$aQuizalofop.
=650  24$aGlyphosate.
=650  24$aGlyphosate antagonist.
=650  24$aShattercane control.
=650  24$aMorningglory control.
=650  24$aVelvetleaf control.
=650  24$aWaterhemp control.
=650  24$aPrickly sida control.
=700  1\$aElsik, CM.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTann, RS.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100264.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100265
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100265$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100265$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aSB608.G6
=082  04$a633.1/0494$223
=100  1\$aKumaran, MK.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDetermination of Equilibrium Moisture Content of Building Materials :$bSome Practical Difficulties /$cMK. Kumaran, P. Mukhopadhyaya, N. Normandin.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aThough the definition of equilibrium moisture content of porous materials is straightforward from the point of view of equilibrium thermodynamics, experimental determination of this quantity may not always be easy. Many factors play roles from an experimentalist's point of view. Hysteresis, the reference dry state, the initial moisture content, the history of the test specimen, the size of the test specimen, the drying technique, and drying temperature—all influence the value that is arrived at by an experimentalist. This paper reports results from several series of measurements on gypsum board, eastern white pine, aerated concrete, and calcium silicate brick using the ASTM Standard C 1498 in the hygroscopic ranges and pressure plate techniques above the hygroscopic range of equilibrium moisture content. These results show the ambiguities that may surround the experimental definition of equilibrium moisture content. The results presented in the paper demand a few refinements in the existing ASTM Standard C 1498 as well as in the procedure that is used in the pressure plate method. The paper proposes a few refinements for both. The need for the development of an ASTM standard for the pressure plate technique is identified.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aEquilibrium Moisture Content.
=650  \0$aAdsorption.
=650  \0$aDesorption.
=650  \0$aHysteresis.
=650  14$aAdsorption.
=650  24$aDesorption.
=650  24$aEquilibrium moisture content.
=650  24$aHysteresis.
=700  1\$aMukhopadhyaya, P.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNormandin, N.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100265.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100266
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100266$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100266$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA433
=082  04$a620.6$223
=100  1\$aGorrell, TA.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aInvestigation and Repair of Glazed Brick Cladding :$bA Case Study /$cTA. Gorrell, IR. Chin.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b6
=520  3\$aThe design and repair of exterior glazed brick walls differ from that of unglazed (normal) brick walls. Water that penetrates a typical brick wall usually enters through mortar joints, through failed sealant joints, and by absorption of the brick and mortar. Much of this water escapes the wall by evaporation from the face of the wall. However, the impervious face of ceramic glazed brick significantly reduces the amount and rate of evaporation of water that enters a wall, thereby exposing the glazed brick cladding to spalling caused by the freezing of moisture trapped in the brick units. In addition, since the glaze will trap efflorescence in the brick, the buildup of this cryptoflorescence behind the glaze can result in spalling of the glazed surface of the brick. Therefore, the prevention of water penetration into the masonry wall and the rapid removal of water that has entered the wall are critical to the successful performance and durability of glazed brick clad walls. This paper discusses the common failure modes of glazed brick walls and the current industry recommendations for the design and detailing of glazed brick walls. A case study of a project that includes the investigation of a wall with spalled glazed brick and the design and installation of new glazed brick on the wall is presented. This paper discusses the specification of glazed brick materials; the difficulties in color matching new glazed brick to existing glazed brick; the design and detailing of a new glazed brick wall; and other repair methods to prevent water infiltration and increase the durability of glazed brick walls.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFlashing.
=650  \0$aVenting.
=650  \0$aGlazed brick.
=650  \0$aExpansion joints.
=650  \0$aWeep holes.
=650  14$aGlazed brick.
=650  24$aFlashing.
=650  24$aWeep holes.
=650  24$aVenting.
=650  24$aExpansion joints.
=700  1\$aChin, IR.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100266.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100269
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100269$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100269$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD412.T4
=082  04$a547.05726$223
=100  1\$aPowers, Laura,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Discussion of the Benefits and Problems of ASTM C 1324 for Analyzing Hardened Masonry Mortars /$cLaura Powers, Ann Coleman, Susanne Papas.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b10
=520  3\$aLaboratory testing of mortars by chemical analysis and petrography is generally appropriate to determine mortar composition, and to provide a basis for the formulation of compatible repair or replacement mortars. In cases of masonry distress and failures, analysis by C 1324 alone is often less useful unless the laboratory work is guided by knowledge obtained in the field. In addition to requiring the technical skills of experienced chemists and petrographers, the application of C 1324 requires knowledge of the specifications for mortar for unit masonry and benefits from the knowledge of how mortars are prepared and installed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aOrganotellurium compounds.
=650  \0$aChemical tests and reagents.
=650  \0$aMortar.
=650  \0$aAnalysis.
=650  \0$aChemical tests.
=650  \0$aPetrography.
=650  14$aMortar.
=650  24$aAnalysis.
=650  24$aChemical tests.
=650  24$aPetrography.
=700  1\$aColeman, Ann,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPapas, Susanne,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100269.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100271
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100271$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100271$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTT848
=082  04$a746.1/4$223
=100  1\$aOjo, O. B.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffect of Penetrator Size on Dynamic Failure Response of Woven Graphite Epoxy Composites around the Critical Perforation Energy /$cO. B. Ojo, S. N. Wosu, W. Slaughter, O. O. Onipede.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b20
=520  3\$aDynamic tests were carried out on plain weave carbon epoxy composite plates of different thicknesses, namely, 12, 16, and 24 layers (0.21mm∕layer) using a Penetrating Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar (P-SHPB). Protruding spherical penetrators of different sizes (3/16, 7/32 and 1/4-in.) were used to determine the perforation threshold energies for each woven specimen. The specimen damage thresholds considered in this paper are: below perforation limit (BPL), at perforation limit (PL), and above perforation limit (APL). Perforation limits (energy that must be exceeded to perforate or completely penetrate the specimen) were experimentally determined using P-SHPB. The results show that sample thickness and penetrator size play significant roles in the nature or extent of damage. The results also show that strain rate depends on both the striker impact energy, penetrator size, and the target thickness. Cracks were found to propagate faster in thin specimens in all the damage thresholds.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPlain-weave.
=650  \0$aEnergy absorbed.
=650  \0$aHigh strain rate.
=650  \0$aPlain weave.
=650  \0$aHopkinson bar.
=650  \0$aDynamic test.
=650  \0$aPerforation limit.
=650  14$aPlain weave.
=650  24$aCarbon epoxy composite.
=650  24$aPerforation limit.
=650  24$aEnergy absorbed.
=650  24$aHigh strain rate.
=650  24$aHopkinson bar.
=650  24$aDynamic test.
=700  1\$aWosu, S. N.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSlaughter, W.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aOnipede, O. O.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100271.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100274
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100274$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100274$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK9001
=082  04$a621.48$223
=100  1\$aHayes, R.,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Light-Water-Cooled Nuclear Reactor of Natural Uranium and Beryllium /$cR. Hayes.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b19
=520  3\$aA light-water nuclear power reactor core configuration is described, which does not require any isotopic enrichments (e.g., D2O or U-235) without the use of graphite. This reactor design utilizes plates of natural uranium (NU) metal and Beryllium. The coolant is natural water, which flows between two plates of NU and is required to add additional moderator to attain criticality. Only square reactor shapes of uniform plate thickness are evaluated. Commercial viability is not demonstrated but the proposed design does warrant further study. The configuration shows potential to meet GEN IV sustainability and GNEP closed fuel cycle goals. Aspects covered include neutronics, criticality, costs and nonproliferation.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aElectrical and Electronic Engineering.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100274.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100275
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100275$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100275$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP270
=082  04$a662.2$223
=100  1\$aJohnson, LA.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Monitoring of Crystallite Size By an X-Ray Method Applicable to the Processing and Synthesis of Micron-Sized Powders /$cLA. Johnson, RA. McCauley.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b3
=520  3\$aAn X-ray method for determining the crystallite size of powders is presented that aids in a quick monitoring of powder processing and synthesis of micron-sized powders. The method is helpful in the range of tens of microns to micron sizes. The excellent counting statistics of the X-ray method compares favorably over microscopic methods in its efficiency and ability to characterize the powder in terms of its crystallite size. An albite (NaAlSi3O8) powder that originally showed a distribution of grain sizes was ball milled to a uniform micron size and micron-sized forsterite (Mg2SiO4) was synthesized by a solid-state method using ball milling for mixing of reactants.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCrystallite size measurement.
=650  \0$aAlbite.
=650  \0$aForsterite.
=650  \0$aBall milling.
=650  \0$aX-ray diffraction.
=650  14$aCrystallite size measurement.
=650  24$aX-ray diffraction.
=650  24$aBall milling.
=650  24$aAlbite.
=650  24$aForsterite.
=700  1\$aMcCauley, RA.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100275.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100276
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100276$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100276$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA710
=082  04$a624.1/51$223
=100  1\$aGerosa, Riccardo,$eauthor.
=245  10$aObservation of Austenitic Grain Growth in Some Alloy Structural Steels /$cRiccardo Gerosa, Barbara Rivolta, Giuseppe Silva, Renato Demarchi, Andrea Poli.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b31
=520  3\$aIn order to satisfy the demands coming from the thermal and thermo-chemical treatments, higher treatment temperature values are required to shorten the soaking time or to increase the structurally modified thickness, or both. Toughness and mechanical strength of a steel are strictly related to the presence of small grain dimension microstructure, which can be obtained through the presence of precipitates at the grain boundaries. The refinement of the microstructure is connected to the chemical composition and dimension of the precipitates, which dissolve partially or totally above a critical temperature. In this paper, two steels for mechanical application have been studied. In the supply conditions these steels are characterized by a precipitation condition due to the thermal treatment carried out in the steelmaker plant. By metallographic techniques, the grain growth has been studied, varying temperature and soaking time during thermal treatments. The dilatometric tests have been useful to follow the transformations able to contain the increase of the austenitic grain size and TEM analysis has contributed to confirm the nature of these transformations.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPrecipitation.
=650  \0$aDilatometer.
=650  \0$aAluminum nitrides.
=650  \0$aSteels.
=650  14$aSteels.
=650  24$aAustenitic grain growth.
=650  24$aPrecipitation.
=650  24$aDilatometer.
=650  24$aAluminum nitrides.
=650  24$aTEM.
=700  1\$aRivolta, Barbara,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSilva, Giuseppe,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDemarchi, Renato,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPoli, Andrea,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100276.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100284
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100284$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100284$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aPT2617.E85
=082  04$a833/.9/12$223
=100  1\$aLiang, J-Z,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffects of Particle Size and Shear Rate on Melt Flow Properties During Capillary Extrusion of Glass Bead-Filled LDPE Composites /$cJ-Z Liang.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aThe melt flow properties of a low-density polyethylene (LDPE) filled with glass brads (GB) were measured at 150°C by means a capillary rheometer to identify the effects of the particle size and extrusion rate on the melt flow behavior in the present paper. The volume fraction of the glass beads was 8.4 %. The surface of the particles had been treated with a silane-coupling agent and the diameter range was from 4 μm to 180 μm. The results showed that the entry pressure drop was a component function of apparent shear rate and the melt shear flow approximately obeyed the power law. The melt shear viscosity decreased roughly linearly with an increase of the wall shear stress, and it varied slightly with an addition of the bead diameter under various shear stress levels. Namely, the influence of the bead size on the melt flow properties of the LDPE/GB composites was insignificant at lower concentration of the fine spheres. This might be attributed to the relatively weak interfacial adhesion between the particles and the matrix due to the smooth spherical surface of the beads.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aGlass bead.
=650  \0$aComposite.
=650  \0$aCapillary extrusion.
=650  \0$aMelt flow property.
=650  14$aLDPE.
=650  24$aGlass bead.
=650  24$aComposite.
=650  24$aCapillary extrusion.
=650  24$aMelt flow property.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100284.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100285
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100285$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100285$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA409
=082  04$a620.1/126$223
=100  1\$aDavidson, BD.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aGeometry and Data Reduction Recommendations for a Standardized End Notched Flexure Test for Unidirectional Composites /$cBD. Davidson, X. Sun.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (19 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b37
=520  3\$aRecommendations are made for choosing a test geometry and data reduction method for a standardized end-notched flexure test for unidirectional fibrous laminated polymeric composites with glass or graphite reinforcements. To this end, the accuracies of a variety of commonly used data reduction methods are evaluated over a range of geometries. This is done using a combination of numerical and experimental approaches. It is determined that the compliance calibration method of data reduction, with an associated expression for compliance, C, of the form C=A+ma3, provides the best combination of accuracy and usability of all those data reduction methods considered. Here, A and m are curve fitting parameters and a is the crack length, and the expression for compliance is obtained prior to the fracture test by a series of compliance tests at different crack lengths to a load approximately equal to 50 % of that required for fracture. When this approach is used along with the associated recommendations for slenderness ratio of the specimen and roller diameters of the fixture, it is shown that the toughness that is extracted from the test will be within 3 % of its true value for materials with coefficients of friction, μ, along the interface containing a preimplanted insert of 0.0≤μ≤0.5. All materials for which experimental data are available show μ to be within this range. As such, this compliance calibration method is recommended as the sole data reduction method for the standardized test.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aEnergy release rate.
=650  \0$aMode II.
=650  \0$aDelamination.
=650  \0$aToughness.
=650  14$aMode II.
=650  24$aDelamination.
=650  24$aEnergy release rate.
=650  24$aToughness.
=650  24$aENF.
=650  24$aCompliance calibration.
=700  1\$aSun, X.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100285.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100286
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100286$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100286$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA439
=082  04$a624.1/834$223
=100  1\$aHarris, NJ.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aVariables Affecting the ASTM Standard C 311 Loss on Ignition Test for Fly Ash /$cNJ. Harris, KC. Hover, KJ. Folliard, T. Ley.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b15
=520  3\$aThe loss on ignition (LOI) test as an indicator of carbon content in fly ash is a useful screening tool for fly ash for use in concrete. Despite the importance and relevance of the LOI test, the LOI test results are sensitive to procedural variations that are within the requirements of the ASTM C 311 test standard. A suite of LOI tests on fly ash samples was performed that varied several procedural details. The effects of cooling time, cooling method, sample size, ignition duration, and ignition temperature were evaluated.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFly ash.
=650  \0$aQuality control.
=650  \0$aLoss on ignition.
=650  \0$aPozzolans.
=650  \0$aVariability.
=650  14$aLoss on ignition.
=650  24$aFly ash.
=650  24$aPozzolans.
=650  24$aVariability.
=650  24$aQuality control.
=700  1\$aHover, KC.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFolliard, KJ.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLey, T.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100286.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100287
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100287$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100287$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK9001
=082  04$a621.48$223
=100  1\$aKulkarni, M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aNew Approaches in Investigation of Removal Mechanisms during Copper Chemical-Mechanical Polishing /$cM. Kulkarni, D. Greisen, D. Ng, H. Liang.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b30
=520  3\$aThis paper discusses new techniques for elucidating removal mechanisms of copper during chemical-mechanical polishing. Two new approaches were used in this research. One is the linkage between electrochemical, passivation, and wear for removal mechanisms. The other is to use an atomic force microscope to analyze polished copper surfaces at a nanometer length scale. Effects of pH, concentration of oxidizer, cathodic current, and amount of abrasive particles on surface materials removal were studied. Our investigation indicates that a balance between passivation and removal is needed to achieve a good localized planarization.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aElectrical and Electronic Engineering.
=700  1\$aGreisen, D.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNg, D.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLiang, H.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100287.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100289
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100289$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100289$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH1421
=082  04$a721.04422$223
=100  1\$aZega, CJ.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffect of Entrained Air on Recycled Concrete Prasoperties /$cCJ. Zega, VL. Taus, AA. Di Maio.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b17
=520  3\$aAir entrainment is a good practice to improve the durability of concrete exposed to cycles of freezing and thawing. For a given admixture dosage, the air content will depend on mix proportions and the characteristics of the materials employed. The use of crushed waste concretes (recycled coarse aggregates), which have different characteristics and properties compared to natural coarse aggregates, could modify the air content and behavior of recycled concretes. In this paper, some fresh and hardened state properties of entrained air recycled concretes were evaluated and compared with those of entrained air conventional concrete. Recycled concretes were elaborated with 50, 75, and 100% replacement by volume of natural coarse aggregates by crushed waste concretes. The results indicate that the recycled concretes show a satisfactory mechanical and durable behavior, similar to or better than that of conventional one.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aRecycled concrete.
=650  \0$aCompressive strength.
=650  \0$aEntrained air.
=650  \0$aDurability.
=650  14$aEntrained air.
=650  24$aRecycled concrete.
=650  24$aCompressive strength.
=650  24$aDurability.
=700  1\$aTaus, VL.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDi Maio, AA.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100289.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100293
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100293$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100293$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTE270
=082  04$a625.8/5$223
=100  1\$aHaselbach, Liv M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffectively Estimating In situ Porosity of Pervious Concrete from Cores /$cLiv M. Haselbach, Robert M. Freeman.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b19
=520  3\$aPervious concrete is an alternative pavement material which may help reduce nonpoint source pollution problems. The porosity of pervious concrete is an important parameter used for both pavement and environmental design and is dependent on field placement techniques. It is recommended that porosity be tested on field-placed specimens. It has been noted that some of the concrete is knocked out while coring from field-placed samples which may affect the porosity. This paper researches a methodology for estimating the in situ porosity of pervious concrete from the porosities of cores taken from the field based on aggregate size, core size and porosity.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPervious concrete.
=650  \0$aPorous concrete.
=650  \0$aField cores.
=650  \0$aPorosity.
=650  14$aPervious concrete.
=650  24$aPorosity.
=650  24$aField cores.
=650  24$aPorous concrete.
=650  24$aRunoff.
=650  24$aNonpoint source pollution.
=700  1\$aFreeman, Robert M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100293.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100294
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100294$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100294$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aPS3555.V2126
=082  04$a813/.54$223
=100  1\$aStanley, R.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aStatistical Performance of Methods for Measuring Sulfur Concentrations in Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel Report from the 2004 Inter-laboratory Crosscheck Program /$cR. Stanley, R. Schaefer.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (30 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b7
=520  3\$aData from the first year of operation (2004) of ASTM's Inter-laboratory Crosscheck Program for Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel (ULSD) is analyzed in greater depth than was possible in the monthly reports. We examine the performances of individual laboratories over the entire year, as well as long-term single-lab performance (site precision). Site-precision was found to be the largest contributor to reproducibility for the two most popular methods. While overall performance was better than anticipated from published precisions, some laboratories performed consistently better than others.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aUltra low sulfur diesel.
=650  \0$aLaboratory performance.
=650  \0$aCrosscheck.
=650  \0$aDiesel.
=650  \0$aSulfur.
=650  14$aSulfur.
=650  24$aDiesel.
=650  24$aCrosscheck.
=650  24$aLaboratory performance.
=650  24$aUltra low sulfur diesel.
=700  1\$aSchaefer, R.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100294.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100295
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100295$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100295$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQA278.2
=082  04$a519.5$223
=100  1\$aLin, Deng-Fong,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffects of Temperatures on Mortar Quantified by Surface Color Changes /$cDeng-Fong Lin, Huan-Lin Luo, Jen-Rong Lee.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b18
=520  3\$aThe purpose of this study is to explore the potential use of a digital image analysis method to quantify fire-related damages. Temperature regimes, durations of firing temperatures, and changes to color components are investigated. This research involves testing mortar specimens under different elevated temperatures, using a digital camera to capture images of the tested specimens, and applying the “image color intensity analyzer” to the images in order to obtain different intensities of color components in both the RGB and hue-saturation-intensity (HSI) color spaces. The study demonstrates that, as a result of elevated temperatures, red is the most dominant component in the color change, followed by green and blue. Parameters affecting the color change include maximum temperatures and duration of firing. This study also shows that hue and saturation correlate very well with temperatures, which implies that the HSI color space can be applied to study the behavior of fire-damaged concrete.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aDigital image analysis.
=650  \0$aElevated temperature.
=650  \0$aColor.
=650  \0$aMortar.
=650  14$aColor.
=650  24$aMortar.
=650  24$aElevated temperature.
=650  24$aDigital image analysis.
=700  1\$aLuo, Huan-Lin,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLee, Jen-Rong,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100295.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100296
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100296$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100296$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTD898.14.M35
=082  04$a621.48/38$223
=100  1\$aYoung, MJ.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPrediction of Texture in Cold Flat Rolling of Aluminum Using an Explicit Dynamic Finite Element Model /$cMJ. Young, SK. Choi, PF. Thomson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b35
=520  3\$aA continuum dynamic relaxation finite element (FE) model of rolling was used to obtain the boundary conditions for a FE texture model. Grain-to-grain interaction was included successfully, although grains were represented by only one element. Texture in the rolled sheet was predicted well, to moderate deformations, even without including material-specific features of deformation. The transition from a shear texture to a plane strain compression texture in AA3004 as roll diameter increased was predicted successfully. The volume fractions of the major components of texture in the surface and the center of the strip agreed with those previously reported for aluminum alloy 3004.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAluminum$xIsotopes.
=650  \0$aTexture.
=650  \0$aCold flat rolling.
=650  \0$aAluminum.
=650  \0$aFinite element.
=650  14$aAluminum.
=650  24$aTexture.
=650  24$aCold flat rolling.
=650  24$aFinite element.
=700  1\$aChoi, SK.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aThomson, PF.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100296.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100297
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100297$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100297$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQA935
=082  04$a624.1/776$223
=100  1\$aYoung, MJ.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Effect of Latent Hardening on the Texture of 3004 Aluminum Deformed in Plane Strain, Predicted by an Explicit Dynamic Finite Element Analysis /$cMJ. Young, SK. Choi, PF. Thomson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b45
=520  3\$aSimulating plane strain compression of polycrystalline 3004 aluminum, representing a metal of high stacking fault energy (sfe), to 60% reduction by a finite element model permits prediction of the observed texture, in which the copper, S, and brass components co-exist (predicted by neither the Taylor nor the Sachs models). Modeling the rate of hardening on individual slip planes and latent hardening introduces additional shear strains and increases the volume fraction of the brass component, showing how the brass texture may develop in metals of high sfe, in the absence of twinning and shear banding as suggested by Leffers and Pedersen and by Engler.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aTexture.
=650  \0$aLatent hardening.
=650  \0$aAluminum.
=650  \0$aDeformation.
=650  \0$aPlane strain.
=650  \0$aFinite element.
=650  14$aAluminum.
=650  24$aLatent hardening.
=650  24$aTexture.
=650  24$aDeformation.
=650  24$aPlane strain.
=650  24$aFinite element.
=700  1\$aChoi, SK.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aThomson, PF.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100297.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100321
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100321$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100321$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP1183.F6
=082  04$a668.493$223
=100  1\$aStovall, TK.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aInterlaboratory Comparison of the Thickness of the Destroyed Surface Layer of Closed-Cell Foam Insulation Specimens /$cTK. Stovall.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b2
=520  3\$aThe preparation of closed-cell foam insulation test specimens can affect the results of a number of hygrothermal property measurements. In particular, the thickness of the destroyed surface layer affects the measurement of gas diffusion coefficients and thermal conductivity. Multiple specimen preparation methods are in use, as well as multiple methods to measure the thickness of the destroyed surface layer. A ruggedness test, including an interlaboratory comparison, was conducted by an ASTM technical committee to examine the variations due to both of these factors. The results are important in understanding the likely range in values for each preparation technique. The results also demonstrate a sensitivity to the measurement technique.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAccelerated aging.
=650  \0$aFoam insulation.
=650  \0$aErrors.
=650  14$aFoam insulation.
=650  24$aDestroyed surface layer.
=650  24$aAccelerated aging.
=650  24$aErrors.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100321.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100323
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100323$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100323$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aUG447
=082  04$a623.4/45$223
=100  1\$aKishimoto, Yoshihiko,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Effect of Vertical Distribution of Water Permeability on the Modeled Neutralization Process in Concrete Walls /$cYoshihiko Kishimoto, Shuichi Hokoi, Kazunori Harada, Satoru Takada.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b18
=520  3\$aThe aim of this paper was to predict the durability of concrete walls. Because liquid movement is important in discussing the neutralization process, the vertical distribution of the permeability in a concrete wall was measured. In a 20 cm high sample, the permeability clearly showed a nonuniform vertical distribution. Next, an analytical model was proposed to predict the neutralization process taking into account the influence of acid rain. Based on this model, the simulation was carried out with permeability as a parameter. The results showed that neutralization was accelerated due to acid rain in regions with a high permeability and retarded in regions with a low permeability. Thus, it can be concluded that the influence of acid rain on the neutralization process may differ depending on the position in the concrete structure.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aDurability of concrete structure.
=650  \0$aAcid rain.
=650  \0$aNeutralization.
=650  \0$aWater permeability.
=650  14$aDurability of concrete structure.
=650  24$aNeutralization.
=650  24$aAcid rain.
=650  24$aWater permeability.
=700  1\$aHokoi, Shuichi,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHarada, Kazunori,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTakada, Satoru,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100323.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100325
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100325$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100325$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.74
=082  04$a620.11223$223
=100  1\$aClaeys, S.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCoolants at Elevated Temperatures /$cS. Claeys, S. Lievens.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aOver the years, new performance requirements and environmental regulations have driven engine manufacturers to design new engines. The new engine technologies have resulted in different operating conditions in cooling systems. In general, a trend towards higher coolant temperatures is observed, which is expected to have an implication on the coolant stability and corresponding lifetime. In heavy duty applications, this trend is even more pronounced as engines are running longer and under more severe conditions. In this paper, a selection of different current coolant technologies available in the market have been tested to obtain more information on the influence of the coolant additive package on the thermal stability of the most commonly used coolant base fluid, mono ethylene glycol (MEG). For this reason glycol oxidation products have been measured after subjecting the coolants to high temperature oxidative conditions. In addition the physical/chemical stability of the coolants and corrosion protection level of the additive packages have been evaluated.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCorrosion and anti-corrosives.
=650  \0$aHigh temperature.
=650  \0$aGlycol oxidation.
=650  \0$aCorrosion inhibitors.
=650  \0$aEngine coolant.
=650  14$aEngine coolant.
=650  24$aHigh temperature.
=650  24$aGlycol oxidation.
=650  24$aCorrosion inhibitors.
=700  1\$aLievens, S.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100325.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100330
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100330$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100330$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA680
=082  04$a624.1/8341$223
=100  1\$aDhonde, HB.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPassing Ability Tester for Self-Consolidating Concrete /$cHB. Dhonde, YL. Mo, TTC Hsu.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b10
=520  3\$aPassing ability is one of the most important workability properties of self-consolidating concrete (SCC) and self-consolidating fiber reinforced concrete (SCFRC). The popular J-ring apparatus which measures the passing ability indirectly in terms of the difference in drop levels or the unrestricted and restricted slump flow of SCC/SCFRC, could not determine the passing ability in a consistent manner. A simple, accurate, and practical passing ability tester (PAT) is proposed as a substitute to the conventionally used methods (J-ring, L-box, and U-box). PAT measures the passing ability directly and consistently by weighing the concrete that has passed through the reinforcing bar screen and expressing it as the percentage of the total concrete sampled. This paper presents the test results of various SCC/SCFRC mixes to verify the performance of PAT, including the correlation between the test results of PAT and J-ring.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFiber-reinforced concrete.
=650  \0$aConcrete.
=650  \0$aJ-ring.
=650  \0$aTesting apparatus.
=650  \0$aPassing ability.
=650  \0$aWorkability.
=650  14$aConcrete.
=650  24$aSelf-consolidating concrete.
=650  24$aFiber reinforced concrete.
=650  24$aWorkability.
=650  24$aPassing ability.
=650  24$aJ-ring.
=650  24$aTesting apparatus.
=700  1\$aMo, YL.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHsu, TTC,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100330.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100332
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100332$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100332$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA331
=082  04$a620.001/51$223
=100  1\$aDecareau, Christopher P.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aInputs and Analyses :$bAn End User’s Perspective of Heat-Air-Moisture Data /$cChristopher P. Decareau, Liyen Kan, Joseph P. Piñon.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b3
=520  3\$aHygrothermal simulation programs (HSPs) have the potential to help the way building enclosures are designed if end users are convinced the results are reliable. However, HSPs suffer from a lack of manufacturer-specific material data. HSP users often “create” materials by scouring multiple sources for hygrothermal properties. To the less familiar HSP user, significant error can be introduced into simulations by using properties that are calculated from variable sources. Through a series of case studies, this paper illustrates how material properties can make a difference in hygrothermal calculations and, ultimately, material specification.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHygrothermal Simulation.
=650  \0$aFailure criteria.
=650  \0$aMaterial data.
=650  \0$aReliability.
=650  14$aHygrothermal simulation.
=650  24$aMaterial data.
=650  24$aFailure criteria.
=650  24$aReliability.
=700  1\$aKan, Liyen,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPiñon, Joseph P.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100332.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100335
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100335$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100335$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA410
=082  04$a620.1127$223
=100  1\$aThygesen, LG.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aImproved Suction Technique for the Characterization of Construction Materials /$cLG. Thygesen, KK. Hansen.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b10
=520  3\$aThe suction technique is a method from soil science that is used for the study of moisture storage capacity in porous construction materials at high relative humidity levels (above approximately 93 %). The samples to be studied are placed in a pressurized container (an extractor) on a water saturated ceramic disk or membrane. The pressure corresponding to a certain relative humidity level is established and moisture is expelled from the samples until moisture equilibrium is reached. This paper presents two adjustments to this method and their applicability. The first adjustment is a new procedure for determining the equilibrium moisture content of samples during the experiment. The method (referred to as the balance method) is to simply keep track of all water entering and leaving the system and use these data to estimate the moisture content of the samples. The advantage of this approach is that the experiment does not need to be stopped and restarted for each relative humidity level tested. The main disadvantage of the method is that the estimation of the moisture content in the samples depends on a correct estimation of the moisture content of the ceramic disk. The second adjustment is the development of a pressure regulation system that keeps the pressure constant (±0.015 bar) within an extractor for weeks.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPorous construction materials.
=650  \0$aMoisture storage capacity.
=650  \0$aSuction technique.
=650  \0$aMoisture content.
=650  14$aSuction technique.
=650  24$aPorous construction materials.
=650  24$aMoisture storage capacity.
=650  24$aMoisture content.
=700  1\$aHansen, KK.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100335.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100336
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100336$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100336$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA462
=082  04$a620.1/1223$223
=100  1\$aDeBaun, HJ.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aHeavy Duty Diesel Engine Coolant Technology :$bPast, Present, and Future /$cHJ. DeBaun, FC. Alverson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b10
=520  3\$aSignificant advances have been made in heavy duty diesel engine technology to meet increasingly stringent environmental regulations for emissions. Today's heavy duty diesel engines are being designed with lighter and softer metals, greater turbocharging, increased combustion controls, and new emission reduction equipment. The cooling systems contained in these vehicles are similarly being impacted by smaller designs, new cooling system configurations, and increased usage of lighter, softer metals. Vehicle thermal loads have significantly increased due to increased power densities, higher engine temperatures, and greater metal-coolant fluxes which places greater emphasis on oxidation/thermal stability, and high temperature corrosion protection performance of the coolant. Other operating conditions (coolant flow rates, turbulence, pressure drops, deaeration) are also becoming more severe calling for improved erosion-corrosion protection, cavitation protection, and elastomer, seal, hose compatibility. This paper reviews the changes in heavy duty diesel engine technology and provides information on coolant performance in 2002-4 emission compliant engines. Predictions are also made on future engine technology and next generation engine coolants.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aErosion-corrosion.
=650  \0$aCavitation.
=650  \0$aErosion corrosion.
=650  \0$aCooling system trends.
=650  \0$aOxidation stability.
=650  14$aHeavy duty engine coolants.
=650  24$aCooling system trends.
=650  24$aOxidation stability.
=650  24$aErosion corrosion.
=650  24$aCavitation.
=650  24$aElastomer compatibility.
=650  24$aTraditional fully-formulated coolants.
=650  24$aExtended service coolants.
=650  24$aExtended life coolants.
=650  24$aSupplemental coolant additives.
=700  1\$aAlverson, FC.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100336.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100337
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100337$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100337$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA405
=082  04$a620.1/1292$223
=100  1\$aGraham, SM.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aApplication of the Normalization Method to Dynamic Fracture Toughness Testing of Alloy 718 /$cSM. Graham.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b18
=520  3\$aThe fracture toughness and tensile properties of Alloy 718 were measured at quasi-static and dynamic loading rates for two different heat treatments and two product forms. Two different methods for conducting the dynamic tests were investigated; one involving interrupted tests and the other utilizing a single impact. The interrupted test method used multiple impacts with displacement limits to enable measurement of crack lengths at intermediate points. The normalization method was used to generate tearing resistance curves for the dynamic tests following the guidelines in ASTM Standard Test Method for measurement of Fracture Toughness (E 1820). The analysis pointed out the importance of obtaining a good measurement of load, displacement, and crack length at the point of maximum displacement (the anchor point). As the amount of ductile crack extension increased, the uncertainty in the plasticity function fit also increased. Methods to improve the fit were investigated, including the addition of anchor points from multiple tests, and use of a tangency point to estimate initiation. The resulting curves are compared to ascertain the variability obtained from nominally identical specimens, and to evaluate the effect of loading rate on the plasticity function. The normalization tearing resistance curves are compared with curves generated from the interrupted tests using compliance measurements during unloads to determine crack extension. Good agreement was obtained between the two methods of measuring tearing resistance, thereby validating the normalization analysis. The tests showed that multiple impacts drive down the tearing resistance, which may be significant in applications where a dynamic event causes load fluctuation.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aDynamic Fracture Toughness.
=650  \0$aAlloy 718.
=650  \0$aNormalization method.
=650  14$aDynamic fracture toughness.
=650  24$aNormalization method.
=650  24$aAlloy 718.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100337.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100338
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100338$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100338$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK9185.A1
=082  04$a621.4833$223
=100  1\$aLee, YK.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAnalysis of the VENUS-3 PWR Pressure Vessel Surveillance Benchmark Using TRIPOLI-4.3 Monte Carlo Code /$cYK. Lee.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b14
=520  3\$aThis paper presents the analysis of the VENUS-3 PWR Pressure Vessel Surveillance Dosimetry Benchmark using the three-dimensional (3D) continuous-energy Monte Carlo code TRIPOLI-4.3. VENUS-3 benchmark specifications are taken from the 2004 release of the International Database for Integral Shielding Experiments (SINBAD) of OECD/NEA. Pointwise nuclear data library for TRIPOLI-4.3 transport calculations were prepared from ENDF/B-VI.4. Detector cross sections for 27 Al(n,φ), 58 Ni(n,p), and 115 n(n,n′) from IRDF-2002, IRDF-90.v2, and ENDF/B-VI.4 have been investigated. Two 235 U fission spectra, continuous Watt spectrum and 581 group ENDF/B-VI.4 spectrum have been compared. To speed up the simulation and to predict the axial (50-cm) and azimuthal (0̊-90̊) variation of the reaction rates for core barrel measurement points, variance reduction techniques using cylindrical surface detector and cylindrical biasing meshes have been applied and demonstrated. C/E values at 160 different locations have been evaluated. Without taking into account the uncertainty of the nuclear data in transport calculation and the uncertainty of the 3D neutron source distribution, a 10 % C/E tolerance margin should be accepted.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMonte Carlo code.
=650  \0$aBenchmark.
=650  \0$aVariance reduction.
=650  \0$aReactor dosimetry.
=650  14$aVENUS-3.
=650  24$aPWR.
=650  24$aReactor dosimetry.
=650  24$aBenchmark.
=650  24$aTRIPOLI-4.
=650  24$aMonte Carlo code.
=650  24$aVariance reduction.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100338.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100339
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100339$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100339$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC100
=082  04$a602/.18 s$223
=100  1\$aMaeda, S.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCharacterization of Neutron Fields Using MCNP in the Experimental Fast Reactor JOYO /$cS. Maeda, DW. Wootan, T. Sekine.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b8
=520  3\$aAn extensive set of neutron dosimeters ranging from the core center to beyond the reactor vessel were irradiated during the first two operating cycles of the MK-III core to allow a detailed characterization of the neutron spectra and flux distributions for this new core configuration. New analysis methods for predicting the reaction rates for comparison with the dosimetry measurements based on the MCNP code were developed. Analysis of previous MK-II cycle 34-35 dosimetry tests was used to verify the methods. Core models were developed for the different types and locations of dosimetry test subassemblies and biasing schemes were developed. MCNP optimization techniques and the C/E differences were explored. Most of the important parameters that affect the reaction rate calculations and measurements were investigated. In most cases, MCNP provides more accurate estimations of reaction rates and neutron flux than DORT. This indicates that treatment of heterogeneous structure is needed in the predictions for the irradiation test subassembly with no fuel and the irradiation field with large flux gradients.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMonte Carlo calculation.
=650  \0$aMonte Carlo method.
=650  \0$aFast reactor.
=650  \0$aDosimetry.
=650  14$aDosimetry.
=650  24$aFast reactor.
=650  24$aJOYO.
=650  24$aMonte Carlo calculation.
=650  24$aMCNP.
=650  24$aJENDL-3.2.
=700  1\$aWootan, DW.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSekine, T.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100339.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100340
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100340$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100340$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aHG4028.C45
=082  04$a658.15244$223
=100  1\$aKeith, Robert E.,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA New Derivation of the Perturbation Operator Used in MCNP /$cRobert E. Keith.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b6
=520  3\$aA new derivation of the perturbation operator used in the MCNP radiation transport code is presented, and equations are determined to evaluate the change in the response from a perturbation in macroscopic cross section due to the first, second, third, and fourth derivative terms, and the second-derivative cross term. The perturbation operator in MCNP currently can be used to determine the change in a response from the first and second order terms in Taylor expansion due to such a perturbation. The derivation presented here produces expressions that are equivalent to the expressions used in MCNP for the first and second derivative, but are simpler and are in a form that more readily reveals their physical significance. The perturbation operator is particularly useful for sensitivity and uncertainty analysis.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPerturbation operator.
=650  \0$aSensitivity analysis.
=650  14$aPerturbation operator.
=650  24$aMCNP.
=650  24$aSensitivity analysis.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100340.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100341
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100341$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100341$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC793.5.P42
=082  04$a621.36$223
=100  1\$aHolden, NE.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aReactor Dosimetry Study of the Rhode Island Nuclear Science Center /$cNE. Holden, RN. Reciniello, JP. Hu, J. Leith, TN. Tehan.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b5
=520  3\$aThe RINSC is a 2 MW light water reactor that has a graphite thermal column, that is used for educational and industrial applications as well as for biological research. A series of measurements and calculations have been performed in this thermal column. Thermoluminescent dosimeter measurements of the neutron dose rate and the gamma-ray dose rate, as well as bare gold foil and cadmium covered gold foil measurements of the thermal and epithermal neutron flux densities are graphically compared to MCNP Monte Carlo calculations.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aGamma dose.
=650  \0$aNeutron dose.
=650  \0$aNeutron flux.
=650  \0$aPhoton flux.
=650  14$aRINSC.
=650  24$aNeutron dose.
=650  24$aGamma dose.
=650  24$aMCNP.
=650  24$aNeutron flux.
=650  24$aPhoton flux.
=650  24$aTLD.
=700  1\$aReciniello, RN.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHu, JP.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLeith, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTehan, TN.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100341.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100342
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100342$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100342$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC793.5.N42
=082  04$a539.7213$223
=100  1\$aGarner, FA.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMeasurement of Helium Generation in AISI 304 Reflector and Blanket Assemblies after Long-term Irradiation in EBR-II /$cFA. Garner, BM. Oliver, LR. Greenwood, DL. Porter, T. Allen.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b14
=520  3\$aFive hexagonal ducts constructed from AISI 304 stainless steel in the annealed state were removed from rows 8–14 of the EBR-II fast reactor after many years of irradiation to study the effect of atomic displacement rate on void swelling. For this objective it was important to assure that the observed differences in void swelling were not strongly influenced by variations in helium/dpa ratio. The two major contributions to helium production arise from the nickel and boron content of the steel. However, the boron content was unspecified and therefore unknown, but it was determined from an unirradiated archive duct by converting a well-defined fraction to helium and then measuring the helium content using isotopic dilution mass spectrometry. The same technique was used to measure the total helium in the irradiated duct specimens. After separating the boron contribution from the total measured helium it was possible to determine the contribution from various fast and thermal neutron interactions with the other major elements in the steel and compare the helium generation with predicted values. One important conclusion of the study is that the range of He/dpa ratios over the five subassemblies was not very large, allowing the observed changes in swelling to be attributed primarily to variations in displacement rate and temperature.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aNeutron flux-spectra.
=650  \0$aStainless steel.
=650  \0$aHelium.
=650  \0$aFast reactors.
=650  14$aStainless steel.
=650  24$aHelium.
=650  24$aFast reactors.
=650  24$aBoron.
=650  24$aNeutron flux-spectra.
=700  1\$aOliver, BM.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGreenwood, LR.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPorter, DL.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAllen, T.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100342.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100343
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100343$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100343$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC585
=082  04$a620.1/44/97$223
=100  1\$aDalinaidu, A.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMethodology for Rapid Determination of Pozzolanic Activity of Materials /$cA. Dalinaidu, B. B. Das, D. N. Singh.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b28
=520  3\$aDetermination of pozzolanic activity, and in particular lime reactivity, of various materials such as fly ash, cenospheres, blast furnace slag, etc., is quite essential for their efficient application in cement and concrete. It also plays an important role in the selection of the material as a stabilizer in various environmental cleanup projects, such as heavy metal retention and waste immobilization strategies. Though ASTM C 311, ASTM C 593, and IS 1727 are being followed to determine pozzolanic activity of different materials, they are quite time consuming. This necessitates development of a methodology that can be employed for determining the pozzolanic activity of different materials, quite rapidly and easily. With this in view, a methodology that indirectly estimates pozzolanic activity of different materials, by measuring electrical conductivity of their mixture in partially saturated lime solution, has been developed and its details are presented in this paper.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aGlass$xElectric properties.
=650  \0$aSemiconductors.
=650  \0$aGlas.
=650  \0$aPozzolana.
=650  \0$aLime reactivity.
=650  \0$aPozzolanic activity.
=650  14$aPozzolanic activity.
=650  24$aPozzolana.
=650  24$aElectrical conductivity.
=650  24$aLime reactivity.
=650  24$aIndirect determination.
=700  1\$aDas, B. B.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSingh, D. N.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100343.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100345
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100345$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100345$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQA76.9.C65
=082  04$a003/.3$223
=100  1\$aKeith, RE.,$eauthor.
=245  13$aAn Approach to Determining the Uncertainty in Reactor Test Objects Using Deterministic and Monte Carlo Methods /$cRE. Keith.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b10
=520  3\$aA procedure for determining an estimate of the uncertainty in test objects components using discrete ordinates and Monte Carlo methods has been developed. The procedure is described, and a review of the advantages and disadvantages of these methods is presented with the emphasis on the advantage of employing both transport methods in analysis. The discrete ordinates-based techniques use the DOORS and DANTSYS radiation transport codes (with the SUSD3D code for the determination of sensitivity of the response parameter to cross sections), and the Monte Carlo-based techniques primarily employ the MCNP code (using the general MCNP perturbation operator in a manner that determines the sensitivities to transport cross sections). The focus of the analysis presented is on experiments that are preformed at the Annular Core Research Reactor (ACRR) at Sandia National Laboratories (SNL), and includes uncertainty contributed by the uncertainties in the source spectrum, in response functions, and in transport cross sections.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMonte Carlo method.
=650  \0$aMonte Carlo.
=650  \0$aDiscrete ordinates.
=650  \0$aSensitivity analysis.
=650  \0$aUncertainty analysis.
=650  14$aUncertainty analysis.
=650  24$aSensitivity analysis.
=650  24$aMonte Carlo.
=650  24$aDiscrete ordinates.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100345.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100346
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100346$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100346$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA401
=082  04$a691$223
=100  1\$aJin, O.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aLife Prediction of Fretting Fatigue of Ti-6Al-4V /$cO. Jin, JR. Calcaterra, S. Mall.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aThe present study was aimed towards improving the prediction capability of fretting fatigue life of Ti-6Al-4V. Incremental and interrupted fretting fatigue tests were conducted. Based on the crack propagation pattern observed on the fractured surface fretting fatigue life was predicted. The disappearance of contact stresses was evidenced by the change in crack growth direction from oblique to perpendicular path to the loading direction. Thus, fatigue crack initially propagated under the influence of the contact stress, and then it grew due to the applied stress amplitude to the substrate. The transition crack length between these two conditions varied between 20 to 30 μm and depended on the contact load. This enabled the prediction of short and long crack propagation life. There was good correlation between the predicted fretting fatigue life and the experimental life.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFretting fatigue.
=650  \0$aLife prediction.
=650  14$aFretting fatigue.
=650  24$aLife prediction.
=650  24$aTi-6Al-4V.
=700  1\$aCalcaterra, JR.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMall, S.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100346.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100347
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100347$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100347$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA347.F5
=082  04$a620.00151825$223
=100  1\$aQu, J.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aElastic T-Stress Solutions of Embedded Elliptical Cracks Subjected to Uniaxial and Biaxial Loadings /$cJ. Qu, X. Wang.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b34
=520  3\$aThe elastic T-stress has been found to be an important parameter in characterizing the near crack tip elastic-plastic stress states of 2-D and 3-D crack problems. In addition to the J-integral, the T-stress provides an effective two-parameter characterization of 2-D and 3-D elastic-plastic crack tip fields in a variety of crack configurations under small scale yielding conditions. Embedded elliptical crack in an infinite solid subjected to uniaxial or biaxial tension conditions represents an excellent model for many engineering components with embedded cracks. Although extensive analyses are available for stress intensity factors (SIFs) for embedded elliptical cracks, to date no analytical T-stress solutions are available. This paper presents the exact close form solutions for elastic T-stress of an embedded elliptical crack in an infinite body under remote uniaxial or biaxial tension. The foundation of the derivation is based on the potential method for three-dimensional elasticity. Solutions of stress components parallel to and perpendicular to the cracked plane are derived first. T-stress is then obtained from the asymptotic stress field near the crack front. Complete solutions of T-stress along the crack front are established. Further, three-dimensional finite element analyses are conducted to verify the derived solutions; excellent agreements are achieved. When combined with the corresponding K or J solutions, these T-stress solutions are suitable for the analysis of constraint effects for embedded elliptical shaped cracks in engineering components.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aThree-dimensional analysis.
=650  \0$aFinite element analysis.
=650  \0$aBiaxial loading.
=650  \0$aConstraint effects.
=650  \0$aElastic T-stress.
=650  14$aElastic T-stress.
=650  24$aConstraint effects.
=650  24$aEmbedded elliptical crack.
=650  24$aBiaxial loading.
=650  24$aThree-dimensional finite element analysis.
=700  1\$aWang, X.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100347.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100348
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100348$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100348$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA460
=082  04$a620.1126$223
=100  1\$aDong, P.,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Robust Structural Stress Parameter for Evaluation of Multiaxial Fatigue of Weldments /$cP. Dong, JK. Hong.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (17 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b23
=520  3\$aIn this paper, the applicability of a new mesh-insensitive structural stress method is examined for the evaluation of multiaxial fatigue behaviors in welded joints. The mesh-insensitive structural stress method proves to be effective in characterizing stress concentration effects in multi-axial fatigue of welded components. In seeking an effective structural stress based fatigue parameter, some well-known published test data were analyzed. These include those published by researchers, e.g., from the Electric Power Research Intitute (EPRI), the Fraunhofer-Institute for Structural Durability (LBF), the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (UIUC), and the Welding Institute (TWI) under bending, torsion, and in-phase and out-of-phase loading combinations. An effective structural stress parameter has then been formulated in a form of a proposed modified Gough's ellipse for considering both in-phase and out-of-phase multiaxial loading conditions. The aforementioned multiaxial fatigue data from a total of five independent sources can be effectively correlated with a structural stress based parameter presented in this paper, without introducing any other material-related empirical parameters. The present method is rather simple to use for day-to-day finite element based fatigue evaluation of welded joints in actual structures subjected to multiaxial loading conditions.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMultiaxial fatigue.
=650  \0$aWelded joint.
=650  14$aMultiaxial fatigue.
=650  24$aMesh-insensitive structural stress method.
=650  24$aModified Gough's ellipse.
=650  24$aFinite element analysis.
=650  24$aWelded joint.
=700  1\$aHong, JK.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100348.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100351
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100351$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100351$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.9.N35
=082  04$a620/.5$223
=100  1\$aLineberry, Q.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCharacterization of Modified Carbon Nanotubes by TG-MS and Pyrolysis-GC/MS /$cQ. Lineberry, T. Buthelezi, WP. Pan.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b8
=520  3\$aTwo evolved gas analysis techniques were used to study modified single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNTs). These techniques were thermogravimetry-mass spectrometry (TG-MS) and pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (pyrolysis-GC/MS). Increased weight loss was exhibited in the modified SWNTs below 800°C, which was attributed to the addition of methoxide introduced during the modification. The localized environments of the SWNT provide bonding sites of varying strength that results in the staged evolution of the methoxide masses. The continued evolution of methoxide related masses is a result of the variations in the localized environments of the SWNTs, including the curved ends and various other possible sites along the sidewalls. However, once all the modifications have been removed, the overall structure of the SWNT still remains as intact as the pristine sample as indicated by the slope of the weight loss at higher temperatures.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCarbon nanotube.
=650  14$aCarbon nanotube.
=650  24$aTG-MS.
=650  24$aPyrolysis-GC/MS.
=700  1\$aButhelezi, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPan, WP.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100351.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100355
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100355$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100355$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aHC59.3
=082  04$a333.82$223
=100  1\$aRusell DePriest, K.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aBenchmark Experiments/Calculations of Neutron Environments in the Annular Core Research Reactor /$cK. Rusell DePriest.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b8
=520  3\$aBenchmark experiments using spherical test objects were performed in the central cavity of Sandia National Laboratories' Annular Core Research Reactor. The experiments were performed with 10.16 cm and 17.78 cm diameter aluminum (AI6061) and high-density polyethylene spheres that were essentially solid with cavities scrolled out along the equator to allow the insertion of activation foils and/or sulfur pellets. The neutron monitor foils were selected to cover a wide range of reaction energies. The reactor environments were modeled in detail using Monte Carlo N-Particle eXtended (mcnpx). The experimental results were compared to the Monte Carlo calculations of the reaction rates of each of the foils at various depths in the spheres produced by mcnpx. The comparison includes a complete treatment of the uncertainties.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aReactor benchmark.
=650  \0$aNeutron environments.
=650  \0$aReactor benchmarks.
=650  14$aACRR.
=650  24$aMCNPX.
=650  24$aReactor benchmarks.
=650  24$aNeutron environments.
=650  24$aReactor test facilities.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100355.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100358
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100358$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100358$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK7871.99.C65
=082  04$a621.38152$223
=100  1\$aKhorsandi, B.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aTRIM Modeling of Displacement Damage in SiC for Monoenergetic Neutrons /$cB. Khorsandi, TE. Blue, W. Windl, J. Kulisek.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b15
=520  3\$aAlthough silicon carbide is a very good semiconductor material for the fabrication of diode detectors for use as neutron power monitors in nuclear reactors, the electrical properties of the diodes may be altered because of interactions between energetic neutrons and SiC atoms. If the energy that is transferred from a neutron to an atom in a collision exceeds some threshold value, the atom will be moved from its original position, creating displacement damage. Accurately modeling displacement damage is a first step to finding ways to eliminate or decrease the amount of damage the displacements induce. The methodology that we have used to estimate the number of displacements per atom per fluence, using two codes (mcnp and trim) is presented in this paper, along with examples of the results of our calculations.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aDisplacement damage.
=650  14$aDisplacement damage.
=650  24$aMCNP.
=650  24$aTRIM.
=650  24$aPKA.
=700  1\$aBlue, TE.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWindl, W.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKulisek, J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100358.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100359
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100359$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100359$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK9185.A1
=082  04$a621.4833$223
=100  1\$aHayashi, K.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFeasibility Study on a Simple Method of Retrospective Neutron Dosimetry for Reactor Internals and Reactor Vessel /$cK. Hayashi, R. Tayama, Y. Watanabe, T. Nakamura, I. Kubota, H. Hayashi, T. Yamasaki, H. Yuya.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b5
=520  3\$aNondestructive and simple retrospective dosimetry method was developed. Mercuric iodide or cadmium zinc telluride detector was used as a detector to measure 54Mn, 58Co, and 60Co that were created in reactor internals and vessels. Detector is surrounded by tungsten collimator which shield background gamma rays and detect gamma rays from desired measuring point. Photopeak count rate of this detector were calculated using the mcnp-4c code. This response was calculated for each reactor internal geometry that was irradiated by unit neutron flux which energy spectrum was calculated by the tort code. Neutron fluence is calculated using precalculated response, measuring time, decay time and reactor power history. We can also get Displacement per Atom (DPA), hydrogen and helium production simultaneously using neutron spectrum precalculated in reactor vessel. Because the time and cost of this method are much less than the sampling method, we can measure at many positions and even get a contour map.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aRetrospective dosimetry.
=650  \0$aReactor dosimetry.
=650  \0$aNondestructive.
=650  \0$aReactor vessel.
=650  \0$aReactor internals.
=650  14$aRetrospective dosimetry.
=650  24$aNondestructive.
=650  24$aReactor internals.
=650  24$aReactor vessel.
=650  24$aHgI2.
=650  24$aMCNP.
=700  1\$aTayama, R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWatanabe, Y.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNakamura, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKubota, I.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHayashi, H.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aYamasaki, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aYuya, H.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100359.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100361
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100361$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100361$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC475
=082  04$a620.1/1228$223
=100  1\$aGriffin, PJ.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCharacterizing the Time- and Energy-Dependent Reactor n/γ Environment /$cPJ. Griffin, SM. Luker, DB. King, KR. DePriest, PJ. Cooper.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aIn a reactor pulse, the early radiation has a neutron/gamma component resulting from the prompt fission neutron and gamma radiation and from the neutron-induced secondary gammas. However, after the primary reactor pulse, the radiation environment also includes a time-dependent delayed neutron and gamma component. At even later times, the material activation dominates the source term. When active tests are conducted in the reactor, the radiation environment at a particular time may not be well characterized by the time-integrated spectrum provided by the typical radiation transport calculations. This paper defines the steps that are required to adequately model the time- and energy-dependent radiation environment in the reactor environment. This paper also compares the time-dependent response from a range of active dosimeters in a reactor pulsed environment and shows how the n/γ mixed-field response for the dosimeters and the changing radiation field can influence the interpretation of the dosimetry.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aDelayed gamma.
=650  \0$aFluence rate.
=650  \0$aRadiation rate.
=650  \0$aActivation.
=650  \0$aCalorimeter.
=650  \0$aDosimeter.
=650  \0$aFission chamber.
=650  \0$aIonization chamber.
=650  \0$aFlux.
=650  \0$aActive dosimetry.
=650  14$aDosimeter.
=650  24$aDelayed gamma.
=650  24$aPCD.
=650  24$aActive dosimetry.
=650  24$aPIN.
=650  24$aCalorimeter.
=650  24$aRadiation rate.
=650  24$aFlux.
=650  24$aActivation.
=650  24$aFluence rate.
=650  24$aFission chamber.
=650  24$aIonization chamber.
=650  24$aSPND.
=700  1\$aLuker, SM.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKing, DB.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDePriest, KR.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aCooper, PJ.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100361.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100362
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100362$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100362$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK9001
=082  04$a621.48$223
=100  1\$aErlin, Bernard,$eauthor.
=245  10$aLaboratory Study of Time-of-Tooling Effects on Mortar Joint Color /$cBernard Erlin, Tim Conway.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references.
=520  3\$aEarly tooling results in laitance at tooled surfaces. The laitance consists of smooth, soft, and optically continuous high water-cementitious materials ratio (w/cm) paste that contains fines that bled to the surface from the cementitious materials and aggregate. The cement is extensively hydrated. Late tooling results in discontinuous, fine, chatter-marked surfaces. These discontinuities create surface shadows. Portland cement hydration is very poor due to a low w/cm. Normal tooling results in surface textures between those from early and late tooling along with cement hydration close to that associated with late tooling. In normal- and late-tooled joints, the portland cement evidences restricted hydration due to water "squeezed" from the relatively stiff surfaces, which creates a low w/cm. Significant color differences from light to dark result when joints are, respectively, struck and tooled early, normal, and late. Overall lower w/cm results because masonry units absorb some of the mix water. Wetted bricks extend curing. Affecting the time of mortar stiffening, which controls the time of tooling, is loss of water from joint surfaces and water absorbed by masonry units. The rate of water loss from joint surfaces is a function of the water retention properties of the mortar and ambient atmospheric conditions. Pigment properties of the mortar-making materials, and particularly the portland cement, plus surface textures, establish the color and color tone of joints. A primary contributor to darker surfaces is the degree of cement hydration: the poorer the hydration, the darker the color and color tone. Affecting the degree of cement hydration is the w/cm and the curing period: higher w/cm and longer curing increases hydration and lightens color. A secondary contributor to color tone is surface texture: the greater the number of surface discontinuities the darker the color tone. Cementitious materials components that generally contribute to lighter color tones include hydrated lime and the inert material in masonry cements.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aElectrical and Electronic Engineering.
=700  1\$aConway, Tim,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100362.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100363
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100363$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100363$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQA76.9.C65
=082  04$a003/.3$223
=100  1\$aAllen, DA.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Validity of the Use of Equivalent DIDO Nickel Dose for Graphite Dosimetry /$cDA. Allen, DA. Thornton, AM. Harris, JW. Sterbentz.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b8
=520  3\$aFast neutron dose recommendations for the graphite moderators of Magnox power plant are expressed in terms of Equivalent DIDO Nickel Dose (EDND). EDND is a calculated property that relates the damage rate in graphite at a given location to the fast neutron fluence experienced by graphite test samples irradiated in the DIDO reactor. This paper describes a study undertaken to determine the sensitivity of EDND recommendations to assumptions made in the modeling of neutron damage in graphite. These include different scattering cross sections and damage weighting functions. It is concluded that, although apparently significant differences exist between the available graphite damage response functions, their net effect is not significant in determining EDND. Therefore, confidence in past calculations has been improved and continued use of existing methods is supported.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMonte Carlo method.
=650  \0$aGraphite.
=650  \0$aMonte Carlo.
=650  \0$aMagnox reactors.
=650  \0$aNeutron dosimetry.
=650  14$aGraphite.
=650  24$aNeutron dosimetry.
=650  24$aMonte Carlo.
=650  24$aMCBEND.
=650  24$aMCNP.
=650  24$aMagnox reactors.
=700  1\$aThornton, DA.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHarris, AM.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSterbentz, JW.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100363.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100364
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100364$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100364$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA658.44
=082  04$a624.1821$223
=100  1\$aAllen, DA.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCalculation of Neutron Fluxes for Radioactive Inventory Assessment of Magnox Power Plant /$cDA. Allen, C. Thiruarooran, DA. Thornton, AL. Fletcher, AJ. Bird, S. Rycroft, GA. Wright.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b4
=520  3\$aThis paper describes the methodology and results of Monte Carlo neutron transport calculations performed to determine the neutron fluxes required for assessments of radioactive inventories of Magnox power plant. Use has been made of existing validated Monte Carlo models of the plant, which have been extended to include details beyond the pressure vessels to the outer surface of the biological shield.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aRadioactive inventory.
=650  \0$aDecommissioning.
=650  \0$aMonte carlo.
=650  \0$aMagnox power plant.
=650  14$aDecommissioning.
=650  24$aRadioactive inventory.
=650  24$aMagnox power plant.
=650  24$aMonte carlo.
=650  24$aMCBEND.
=700  1\$aThiruarooran, C.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aThornton, DA.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFletcher, AL.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBird, AJ.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRycroft, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWright, GA.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100364.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100365
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100365$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100365$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC795.32.R3
=082  04$a539.7/7$223
=100  1\$aZaritsky, SM.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMeasurement and Calculation of WWER-440 Pressure Vessel Templates Activity for Support of Vessel Dosimetry /$cSM. Zaritsky, VI. Vikhrov, DY. Erak, VN. Kochkin, EB. Brodkin, AL. Egorov.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b5
=520  3\$aActivity of templates (specimens), which were cut out from the inner surface of Kola-1 and Kola-2 WWER-440 reactor pressure vessels (RPVs), were measured, and the results were used to support the RPV dosimetry. Twelve weld and two base metal templates of Kola-1 RPV were cut out after 25 fuel cycles. Thirteen weld and two base metal templates of Kola-2 RPV were cut out after 24 fuel cycles. Probes were taken from four corners of each template for dosimetry measurements. Activity of 54Mn in each probe was measured and the average activity of template material was determined. Calculations were carried out in P3S8 approximation of discrete ordinates method using the DOORS 3.2 code package and BUGLE-96 nuclear data library. Calculated activities were compared with experimental ones. Neutron fluence (for neutrons with E>0.5 MeV) was calculated and calculation uncertainty evaluated based on the comparison of calculated and measured RPV templates activities and on some results of WWER-440 mock-up experiments carried out earlier on the reactor LR-0.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aRadiation dosimetry.
=650  \0$aNeutron fluence.
=650  \0$aTemplate.
=650  \0$aActivity measurement.
=650  \0$aDosimetry.
=650  14$aReactor pressure vessel.
=650  24$aDosimetry.
=650  24$aActivity measurement.
=650  24$aTemplate.
=650  24$a54Mn.
=650  24$aNeutron fluence.
=650  24$aWWER-440.
=700  1\$aVikhrov, VI.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aErak, DY.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKochkin, VN.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBrodkin, EB.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aEgorov, AL.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100365.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100366
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100366$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100366$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRB170
=082  04$a616.07$223
=100  1\$aAlverson, Fred C.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAccelerated Oxidation and Corrosion Testing of Engine Coolants Using a Rotary Pressure Vessel Oxidation Test /$cFred C. Alverson, Steven L. Balfe, Anthony P. Skrobul.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b5
=520  3\$aToday’s modern engines are exposing engine coolants to more severe operating conditions involving higher coolant temperatures, greater heat rejection requirements, greater metal to coolant heat fluxes, higher coolant flow rates, higher cooling system pressures, and slower deaeration. These conditions will have a tendency to accelerate oxidation/thermal degradation, reduce corrosion protection, and shorten coolant life. In efforts to simulate the increased severity in operating conditions, an accelerated oxidation and corrosion test, using a rotary pressure vessel oxidation test, was developed and evaluated to assess the oxidation/thermal stability and corrosion protection of conventional, hybrid, and extended life coolants. The test involves exposing the coolant to a high temperature oxygen rich environment under pressure with six different metal corrosion coupons. The test allows a quantitative assessment of corrosion protection of the coupons and the effects on coolant chemistry. Test results are provided on conventional, hybrid, and extended life coolants. The test has also been found to be a promising predictive tool to screen satisfactory versus unsatisfactory coolant formulations, including recycled coolants.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aOxidation, Physiological.
=650  \0$aExtended life coolants.
=650  \0$aCorrosion.
=650  \0$aInhibitor depletion.
=650  \0$aOxidation.
=650  \0$aConventional coolants.
=650  \0$aHybrid coolants.
=650  14$aConventional coolants.
=650  24$aHybrid coolants.
=650  24$aExtended life coolants.
=650  24$aOxidation.
=650  24$aCorrosion.
=650  24$aInhibitor depletion.
=700  1\$aBalfe, Steven L.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSkrobul, Anthony P.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100366.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100367
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100367$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100367$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD305.A2
=082  04$a547/.031$223
=100  1\$aMori, Yasuaki,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCavitation Protection Performance of Nitrite-Free Organic Acid Based Coolant for Heavy-Duty Engines /$cYasuaki Mori, Michael L. Abel, Yuji Miyake.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b6
=520  3\$aFor decades, most all heavy-duty engine coolants contain nitrites in order to protect against cavitation erosion/corrosion. So much so that many industry specifications require nitrites by name as well as minimum concentration quantities as they have been found to be very effective in minimizing cavitation erosion/corrosion of heavy-duty engine cast iron cylinder liners. However, the use of nitrites has become an issue because it is commonly known that nitrites could produce carcinogens when mixed with amine-type coolants. Legislation in some countries recommend not using it. This paper introduces nitrite-free, organic acid based, long-life coolant technology that gives the desired cavitation protection.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aOrganic acid.
=650  \0$aAliphatic carboxylate.
=650  \0$aAromatic carboxylate.
=650  \0$aFleet testing.
=650  \0$aCavitation.
=650  \0$aHeavy-duty.
=650  14$aAromatic carboxylate.
=650  24$aAliphatic carboxylate.
=650  24$aOrganic acid.
=650  24$aCavitation.
=650  24$aHeavy-duty.
=650  24$aUltrasonic cavitation.
=650  24$aElastomer compatibility testing.
=650  24$aEngine dynamometer testing.
=650  24$aFleet testing.
=700  1\$aAbel, Michael L.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMiyake, Yuji,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100367.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100368
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100368$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100368$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA462
=082  04$a620.1/1223$223
=100  1\$aEgawa, Hiroshi,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCoolant Development in Asia /$cHiroshi Egawa, Yasuaki Mori, Michael L. Abel.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b14
=520  3\$aHistorically speaking, there have always been three major regions, North America, Europe, and Asia, where antifreeze/coolant developments take place independently. These developments were based on the perceived needs of the engine manufacturers, influenced by governmental/regulatory authorities, and heavily influenced by the requirements geography placed upon automobile manufacturers [1–3]. In the early days of ethylene glycol based engine coolants, simple inhibitor systems based on borates, phosphates, etc., and utilizing a soft metal inhibitor were sufficient to satisfy the needs of a cast iron engine and copper brass radiator. With the advent of aluminum engines and their rapid usage growth throughout the 1980s and 1990s, engine manufacturers of the regions began to place more stringent requirements on the anticorrosion performance of the OEM coolants. Based on the specific strategies utilized by the cooling system component manufacturers, divergent requirements began to be placed upon the coolant makeup. This paper will speak generally to the regional history of coolant trends and specifically on the activity for coolant development in Asia.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAutomobile.
=650  \0$aEngine.
=650  \0$aAluminum.
=650  \0$aAnticorrosion.
=650  \0$aInhibitor.
=650  \0$aCoolant.
=650  \0$aTechnology.
=650  14$aCoolant.
=650  24$aAutomobile.
=650  24$aEngine.
=650  24$aAsia.
=650  24$aJapan.
=650  24$aAnticorrosion.
=650  24$aInhibitor.
=650  24$aTechnology.
=650  24$aAluminum.
=700  1\$aMori, Yasuaki,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAbel, Michael L.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100368.htm

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=001  JAI100369
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100369$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100369$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC861.2
=082  04$a551.5$223
=100  1\$aRode, Carsten,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMoisture Buffer Value of Building Materials /$cCarsten Rode, Ruut Peuhkuri, Berit Time, Kaisa Svennberg, Tuomo Ojanen.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b18
=520  3\$aWhen building materials are in contact with indoor air they have some capacity to moderate the variations of indoor humidity in occupied buildings. But, so far, there has been a lack of a standardized quantity to characterize the moisture buffering capability of materials. It has been the objective of a recent Nordic project to define such a quantity, and to declare it in the form of a NORDTEST method. The Moisture Buffer Value is the figure that has been developed in the project as a way to appraise the moisture buffer effect of materials, and the value is described in the paper. Also explained is a test protocol which expresses how materials should be tested for determination of their Moisture Buffer Value. Finally, the paper presents some of the results of a round robin test on various typical building materials that has been carried out in the project.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aIndoor climate.
=650  \0$aBuilding materials.
=650  \0$aMaterial properties.
=650  \0$aBuffer effect.
=650  \0$aMoisture transport.
=650  \0$aHumidity.
=650  14$aBuilding materials.
=650  24$aMoisture transport.
=650  24$aHumidity.
=650  24$aBuffer effect.
=650  24$aIndoor climate.
=650  24$aMaterial properties.
=700  1\$aPeuhkuri, Ruut,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTime, Berit,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSvennberg, Kaisa,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aOjanen, Tuomo,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100369.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100372
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100372$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100372$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC793.3.T67
=082  04$a539.7/7$223
=100  1\$aOšmera, B.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aTrack Detector Measurements in RPV of WWER-1000 Mock-Up in the LR-0 Reactor /$cB. Ošmera, S. Pošta, N. I. Karpunin, S. S. Lomakin.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (5 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b5
=520  3\$aThe fission rates measurements were carried out with track detectors in the WWER-1000 mock-up assembled in the experimental reactor LR-0.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFission Track Detectors.
=650  14$aFission track detectors.
=650  24$aWWER-1000.
=650  24$aMock-up.
=650  24$aReactor LR-0.
=700  1\$aPošta, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKarpunin, N. I.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLomakin, S. S.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100372.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100373
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100373$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100373$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA660.T34
=082  04$a681/.76041$223
=100  1\$aAlpan, F. Arzu,$eauthor.
=245  10$aUse of CPXSD for Generation of Effective Fast Multigroup Libraries for Pressure Vessel Fluence Calculations /$cF. Arzu Alpan, Alireza Haghighat.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aMultigroup (i.e., broad-group) libraries play a significant role in the accuracy of transport calculations. There are several broad-group libraries available for particular applications. For example the 47-neutron (26 fast groups), 20-gamma-group BUGLE libraries are commonly used for light water reactor shielding and pressure vessel dosimetry problems. However, there is no publicly available methodology to construct group structures for a problem and objective of interest. Therefore, we have developed the Contributon and Point-wise Cross-Section Driven (CPXSD) methodology, which constructs effective fine- and broad-group structures. In this paper, we use the CPXSD methodology to construct broad-group structures for fast neutron dosimetry problems. It is demonstrated that the broad-group libraries generated from CPXSD constructed group structures, while only 14 groups (rather than 26 groups) in the fast energy range are in good agreement (∼1 %–2 %) with the fine-group library from which they were derived, in reaction rate calculations.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPressure vessel fluence.
=650  \0$aContributon.
=650  \0$aCross section.
=650  \0$aAdjoint.
=650  \0$aMultigroup library.
=650  14$aMultigroup library.
=650  24$aPressure vessel fluence.
=650  24$aContributon.
=650  24$aAdjoint.
=650  24$aCross section.
=700  1\$aHaghighat, Alireza,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100373.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100374
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100374$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100374$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQA931
=082  04$a531/.382$223
=100  1\$aPerry, KE.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aThermoelastic Transformation Behavior of Nitinol /$cKE. Perry, PE. Labossiere, E. Steffler.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b17
=520  3\$aThe transformation behavior of Nitinol under uniaxial tension and four-point bending was investigated. A novel sample geometry produced from drawn tubing was used to observe the differences caused by localized phase transformation effects between the two types of loading and between samples with different process and load histories. Phase shifted moir interferometry was used to provide full-field measurement of strain during the experiments. Optical resolution and grating coherence were sufficient to simultaneously resolve the strain fields within both the parent and transformed phases of the material. Evidence of both localized and uniformly distributed phase transformation is observed for the samples tested in tension while the bending results clearly indicate an asymmetric neutral axis and a complex reverse bending response for samples containing a strong R-phase component and tested at temperatures below critical transformation temperatures.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aModeling.
=650  \0$aNitinol.
=650  \0$aCarrier fringes.
=650  \0$aPhotomechanics.
=650  \0$aMoiré interferometry.
=650  \0$aThermoelasticity.
=650  14$aNitinol.
=650  24$aThermoelasticity.
=650  24$aPhase transformations.
=650  24$aPhotomechanics.
=650  24$aMoiré interferometry.
=650  24$aFull-field measurements.
=650  24$aModeling.
=650  24$aCarrier fringes.
=700  1\$aLabossiere, PE.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSteffler, E.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100374.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100375
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100375$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100375$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC793.5.N4627
=082  04$a537.5352$223
=100  1\$aBureš, Z.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDigital Multiparameter System for Characterizing the Neutron-Gamma Field in the LR-O Experimental Reactor /$cZ. Bureš, F. Cvachovec, P. Čeleda, J. Kroupa, B. Ošmera, S. Pošta.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (5 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b5
=520  3\$aThe present paper points toward the possibility of reducing the proportion of analog processing in an apparatus employed to measure the neutron and photon energy spectra. The digitization of the detector output pulses makes it possible to process the information contained in the pulses either instantaneously or subsequently. The present paper deals with the method of digitizing the leading edge of the pulses generated by a stilbene organic scintillator or an NE-213 scintillator. The neutron versus gamma discrimination can be carried out on the basis of the pulse leading edge duration. Coping with this task requires a digitizer featuring quite a high sampling frequency, which must exceed 1 GHz. The requirements for the amplitude digitization frequency are less severe, however, the amplitude resolution must be better than 8 bits. Both of the above requirements can be met with present-day components. The digitization is expected to result in reducing the apparatus size and improving its functionality.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aGamma-Ray Spectroscopy.
=650  \0$aNeutron spectrometry.
=650  \0$aStilbene.
=650  \0$aDigitizer.
=650  14$aNeutron and gamma spectrometry.
=650  24$aDigitizer.
=650  24$aPulse shape discrimination.
=650  24$aStilbene.
=700  1\$aCvachovec, F.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aČeleda, P.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKroupa, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aOšmera, B.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPošta, S.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100375.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100376
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100376$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100376$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTL789.8.U6
=082  04$a629.45$223
=100  1\$aMichael Luker, S.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aApplication of a Silicon Calorimeter in Fast Burst Reactor Environments /$cS. Michael Luker, Patrick J. Griffin, K. Russell DePriest, Donald B. King, Gerald E. Naranjo, Ahti J. Suo-Anttila.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b7
=520  3\$aFrequently in experiments at fast burst reactors (FBRs), it is necessary to know the dose and peak dose rate absorbed by a material in terms of dose to silicon. The dose to silicon at a given point in an irradiation cannot be reliably measured by a passive dosimeter retrieved at late times from a mixed field environment, so we rely on the silicon calorimeter as the true standard. A silicon calorimeter has been developed for applications in a water-moderated pulsed reactor. In this paper, the authors investigate the application of this silicon calorimeter in an FBR environment. Tests have been conducted at the White Sands Missile Range (WSMR) FBR, also known as MoLLY-G, to develop techniques to use this silicon calorimeter for a measure of rad(Si) during and soon after a pulsed operation. This calorimeter can be coupled with the response of a diamond photoconductive detector (PCD) in order to derive a dose rate monitor suitable for application during an FBR operation [1].
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSilicon.
=650  \0$aActive dosimeter.
=650  \0$aCalorimeter.
=650  \0$aFast burst reactor.
=650  14$aCalorimeter.
=650  24$aSilicon.
=650  24$aFast burst reactor.
=650  24$aPCD.
=650  24$aDose.
=650  24$aFBR.
=650  24$aActive dosimeter.
=700  1\$aGriffin, Patrick J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRussell DePriest, K.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKing, Donald B.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNaranjo, Gerald E.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSuo-Anttila, Ahti J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100376.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100377
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100377$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100377$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC753.2
=082  04$a530.13$223
=100  1\$aWenner, MT.,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA New Methodology for Adjustment of Iron Scattering Cross Sections Using Time-of-Flight Spectroscopy /$cMT. Wenner, A. Haghighat, SS. Grimes, TN. Massey, AD. Carlson, JM. Adams.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aMonte Carlo analysis of a time-of-flight experiment was performed to investigate the iron scattering cross section. Experimental data were utilized to build a Monte Carlo source for simulation of a time-of-flight (ToF) experiment with a spherical iron shell, different source spectra, and different angular beam source alignments. For this study, two pointwise cross section libraries, ENDF/B-VI and JEFF 3.0 are examined. Comparison of calculation and experimental results indicates differences that are larger than experimental and calculation errors. To reduce the observed discrepancy, pointwise data in the ENDF/B-VI iron scattering cross section file were adjusted at a few energy intervals using a utility code developed for this purpose. Adjusted cross sections resulted in closer agreement of calculated results with the experimental Time-of-Flight data. Multigroup cross sections were generated with the adjusted cross sections and results indicate pressure vessel fluence may be underestimated.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aScattering Cross-Section.
=650  \0$aFluence.
=650  \0$aPressure vessel.
=650  \0$aIron.
=650  14$aIron.
=650  24$aScattering cross section.
=650  24$aFluence.
=650  24$aPressure vessel.
=700  1\$aHaghighat, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGrimes, SS.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMassey, TN.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aCarlson, AD.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAdams, JM.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100377.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100379
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100379$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100379$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK9185.A1
=082  04$a621.4833$223
=100  1\$aOšmera, B.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAccurate Determination and Benchmarking of Radiation Field Parameters, Relevant for Pressure Vessel Monitoring—Review of Some REDOS Project Results /$cB. Ošmera, J. Kyncl, B. Boehmer, J. Konheiser, A. Ballesteros, G. Hordosy, A. Keresztúri, S. Belousov, K. Ilieva, D. Kirilova, M. Mitev, V. Smutný, E. Polke, S. Zaritsky, C. Töre, P. Ortego.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b3
=520  3\$aPlant life management needs a reliable estimation of radiation field parameters, including their uncertainty, to avoid the use of conservative approaches. The particular objectives of the REDOS project [1] are the improvements of the RPV monitoring, the improvement of the neutron-gamma calculation methodologies through the LR-0 engineering benchmarks for WWER-1000 and WWER-440, and the accurate determination of radiation field parameters in the vicinity and over the thickness of the RPV. This paper is mainly devoted to the comparison and analysis of the experimental and calculated LR-0 data. The LR-0 benchmark data consist of neutron spectra (WWER-440 Mock-ups) and neutron + photon spectra (WWER-1000 Mock-up) in several points from the barrel simulator to the outer surface of RPV and evaluated integral fluxes, space-energy indices, like the spectral indices and attenuation factors in measuring points.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aReactor pressure vessel.
=650  \0$aNeutron spectra measurement.
=650  \0$aPhoton spectra measurement.
=650  \0$aDosimetry.
=650  14$aReactor pressure vessel.
=650  24$aDosimetry.
=650  24$aNeutron and photon spectra measurement.
=650  24$aTransport calculations.
=650  24$aWWER-1000.
=700  1\$aKyncl, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBoehmer, B.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKonheiser, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBallesteros, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHordosy, G.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKeresztúri, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBelousov, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aIlieva, K.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKirilova, D.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMitev, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSmutný, V.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPolke, E.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aZaritsky, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTöre, C.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aOrtego, P.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100379.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100380
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100380$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100380$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRA569
=082  04$a616.9/897$223
=100  1\$aLuker, SM.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDevelopment of a Silicon Calorimeter for Dosimetry Applications in a Water-Moderated Reactor /$cSM. Luker, PJ. Griffin, KR. De Priest, DB. King, GE. Naranjo, JS. Suo-Anttila, N. Keltner.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b6
=520  3\$aHigh fidelity active dosimetry in the mixed neutron/gamma field of a research reactor is a very complex issue. For passive dosimetry applications, the use of activation foils addresses the neutron environment while the use of low neutron response CaF2:Mn thermoluminescent dosimeters (TLDs) addresses the gamma environment. While radiation-hardened diamond photoconducting detectors (PCD) have been developed that provide a very precise fast response (picosecond) dosimeter and can provide a time-dependent profile for the radiation environment, the mixed field response of the PCD is still uncertain and this interferes with the calibration of the PCD response. In order to address the research reactor experimenter's need for a dosimeter that reports silicon dose and dose rate at a test location during a pulsed reactor operation, a silicon calorimeter has been developed. This dosimeter can be used by itself to provide a dose in rad(Si) up to a point in a reactor pulsed operation, or, in conjunction with the diamond PCD, to provide a dose rate. This paper reports on the development, testing, and validation of this silicon calorimeter for applications in water-moderated research reactors.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aThermal-neutron.
=650  \0$aThermal neutron.
=650  \0$aSilicon calorimeter.
=650  14$aThermal neutron.
=650  24$aSilicon calorimeter.
=650  24$aPCD.
=700  1\$aGriffin, PJ.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDe Priest, KR.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKing, DB.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNaranjo, GE.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSuo-Anttila, JS.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKeltner, N.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100380.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100381
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100381$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100381$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK7871.99.C65
=082  04$a621.38152$223
=100  1\$aBelousov, S. I.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aInfluence of the Multigroup Approximation on VVER-1000 RPV Neutron/Gamma Flux Calculation /$cS. I. Belousov, D. L. Kirilova, M. R. Mitev, K. D. Ilieva.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b7
=520  3\$aOne-dimensional calculations of neutron and gamma group fluxes and radiation damage in terms of DPA have been carried out for VVER-1000 mock-up realized at LR-0 critical assembly, Rez, Czech Republic in order to evaluate the influence of energy dependence multigroup approximation on VVER-1000 RPV Neutron/Gamma flux calculation. Two calculational methods have been applied: Monte Carlo method (MC) with continuous energy dependence description and discrete ordinates (DO) method with multigroup energy dependence approximation. Two different multigroup neutron/gamma cross section libraries have been used: BGL1000—created especially for VVER-1000 application and BUGLE96—created for PWR application. A good consistency between the results for both methods and different cross section libraries is obtained for neutrons with energy above 0.1 MeV. The worst consistency is obtained for the thermal neutrons. For gammas a better consistency between DO and MC results is obtained when BGL1000 library is applied.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aNeutron fluence.
=650  \0$aRadiation damage.
=650  14$aNeutron fluence.
=650  24$aReactor pressure vessel.
=650  24$aRadiation damage.
=650  24$aMultigroup approximation.
=700  1\$aKirilova, D. L.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMitev, M. R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aIlieva, K. D.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100381.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100383
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100383$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100383$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aPZ7
=082  04$a660.284298$223
=100  1\$aDemers, V.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFunctional Properties of Nanostructured Ti-50.0 at % Ni Alloys /$cV. Demers, V. Brailovski, S. Prokoshkin, K. Inaekyan, E. Bastarash, I. Khmelevskaya, S. Dobatkin.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aTi-50 at % Ni alloy wire is subjected to cold-rolling (true strain e=0.3-1.9) and post-deformation annealing (200–700°C range). For all levels of cold work, the maxima of recovery strain and stress are obtained after annealing in the 350–400°C range. For the moderately-to-high cold-worked material (e=0.3-0.88), this annealing leads to polygonization, while for the severely cold-worked one (e=1.9), to the material nanocrystallization (grains of 50–80 nm in size). Nanocrystallized alloy generates 30 % higher recovery stresses (up to 1450 MPa) and 10% higher completely recoverable strains (more than 8 %) as compared to the polygonized alloy, while having comparable mechanical properties in tension.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aNanocrystalline Structure.
=650  \0$aPost-deformation annealing.
=650  14$aNickel-titanium shape memory alloys.
=650  24$aNanocrystalline structure.
=650  24$aSevere plastic deformation.
=650  24$aPost-deformation annealing.
=700  1\$aBrailovski, V.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aProkoshkin, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aInaekyan, K.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBastarash, E.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKhmelevskaya, I.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDobatkin, S.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100383.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100384
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100384$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100384$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA1637
=082  04$a621.36/7$223
=100  1\$aCavanaugh, KJ.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFDA Recommendations for Nitinol Stent and Endovascular Graft Fatigue Characterization and Fracture Reporting /$cKJ. Cavanaugh, VM. Holt, JL. Goode, E. Anderson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aIntravascular stents and endovascular stent-grafts provide a minimally invasive option for treating vascular disease and injury. Medical device manufacturers typically conduct radial pulsatile fatigue testing of intravascular stents and endovascular grafts to demonstrate that these devices will maintain their durability for ten years of implant life. While they are useful indicators of device performance, these test regimens do not always predict device durability in the clinical setting with perfect accuracy. In this paper, we address some of the common issues that should be considered in the design of fatigue tests, including appropriate sample sizes for fatigue testing, sample selection, loading conditions, and test setup issues. We also discuss finite element analysis of long-term cyclic fatigue. In addition, we describe appropriate methods for reporting the incidence of stent fractures after implantation. Our goals are to assist manufacturers and test laboratories in refining their in vitro fatigue testing methods to allow more accurate prediction of clinical device fractures, and to maximize the amount of useful data contained in clinical fracture reports.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMedical device.
=650  \0$aStent-graft.
=650  14$aMedical device.
=650  24$aStent.
=650  24$aStent-graft.
=700  1\$aHolt, VM.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGoode, JL.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAnderson, E.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100384.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100387
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100387$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100387$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA439
=082  04$a620.136$223
=100  1\$aGraybeal, BA.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPractical Means for Determination of the Tensile Behavior of Ultra-High Performance Concrete /$cBA. Graybeal.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b29
=520  3\$aUltra-high performance concrete exhibits sufficient tensile strength and tensile toughness that structurally efficient use of these concretes demands that the tensile capabilities be utilized. A means of determining the tensile properties of UHPC is essential to the expanded use of this advanced construction material. However, no simple, practical test currently exists to determine or verify these properties in a production environment. The ASTM C 496 splitting tensile test method presents a starting point for the development of a practical test procedure, as this test method both is comparatively easy to perform and is well regarded in terms of its ability to create a uniform tensile stress field within a concrete sample. This paper presents an adaptation of this test method that allows for quantitative determination of the tensile cracking strength of UHPC and for qualitative verification of the post-cracking tensile behaviors.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aUltra-high performance concrete.
=650  \0$aTensile strength.
=650  \0$aSplitting tension.
=650  \0$aToughness.
=650  \0$aUltrasonics.
=650  14$aFiber reinforced concrete.
=650  24$aSplitting tension.
=650  24$aTensile strength.
=650  24$aToughness.
=650  24$aUltra-high performance concrete.
=650  24$aUltrasonics.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100387.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100388
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100388$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100388$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA417.5
=082  04$a620.1/123$223
=100  1\$aEaton-Evans, J.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aExperimental Studies of NiTi Self-expanding Stent Designs /$cJ. Eaton-Evans, JM. Dulieu-Barton, EG. Little, IA. Brown.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b25
=520  3\$aPreliminary investigations to apply thermoelastic stress analysis (TSA) to Nitinol self-expanding stents are described. Tests conducted at high resolution indicated that a viable thermoelastic signal can be obtained from the fine stent structure. It is shown that it is possible to digitally compensate for errors arising from motion at this high resolution. High variability in Nitinol's material properties with stress and temperature result in a complex thermoelastic response. Correction strategies are proposed to account for variation in material properties and to minimize errors due to thermal variations in order to derive calibration factors for the austenite and martensite material phases. The greatest challenge is identified as calibrating the thermoelastic response from the radially loaded stent structure where it is likely the material is highly inhomogeneous.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aThermoelastic stress analysis.
=650  \0$aNitinol.
=650  14$aNitinol.
=650  24$aThermoelastic stress analysis.
=650  24$aStent.
=700  1\$aDulieu-Barton, JM.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLittle, EG.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBrown, IA.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100388.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100390
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100390$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100390$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA355
=082  04$a620.301/51$223
=100  1\$aPatel, Mitesh M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCharacterizing Fatigue Response of Nickel-Titanium Alloys by Rotary Beam Testing /$cMitesh M. Patel.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aFatigue information has been reliable in predicting wire critical structural integrity. The aim of this study is to expound on the characterization technique of rotary beam fatigue testing (RBT). By alternating tension and compression stress states through RBT, it is possible to determine the life expectancy of Nitinol monofilament round wires. Fatigue testing has been employed to characterize the influence of subtle changes in inclusion content, chemistry variations of raw material, ingot transformation temperatures of Nitinol (NiTi), and surface finish conditions for implant grade wires. Currently, an ASTM standard does not exist that concentrates solely on fatigue testing shape memory alloys. By exploiting part geometry, this testing technique serves to compliment other characterization methods. Evaluation of fracture surfaces has proven useful in diagnosing the factors influencing failures. The utilization of fatigue data and fracture mechanics compliments tensile testing in providing information to the design engineer. Results from studying flexural endurance, statistical Weibull life assessment analysis, fracture analysis, and a determination of stress/strain levels at the site of failure have proven useful in determining desired material properties for next generation medical devices.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aFracture.
=650  \0$aRound wire.
=650  \0$aNitinol.
=650  \0$aRotary beam.
=650  \0$aControlled strain.
=650  14$aNitinol.
=650  24$aRound wire.
=650  24$aRotary beam.
=650  24$aFatigue.
=650  24$aFracture.
=650  24$aR=−1.
=650  24$aControlled strain.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100390.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100391
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100391$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100391$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA347.F5
=082  04$a620.001/51825$223
=100  1\$aPike, K.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aVerification of Strain Level Calculations in Nitinol Fatigue Resistance Predictions /$cK. Pike.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b5
=520  3\$aA method to confirm FEA strain level predictions was developed for small nitinol-compressive specimens by taking micron magnitude measurements from SEM images. The technique was used to confirm predictions of an earlier report of fatigue resistance.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFinite element method.
=650  \0$aCompressive.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aNitinol.
=650  14$aFatigue.
=650  24$aNitinol.
=650  24$aCompressive.
=650  24$aSEM.
=650  24$aStent.
=650  24$aFEA (Finite Element Analysis)
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100391.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100392
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100392$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100392$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD506
=082  04$a541/.33$223
=100  1\$aBaur, P.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aImpact of Adjuvants on Droplet Spreading and Droplet Deposit Area After Spray Application /$cP. Baur.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b20
=520  3\$aThe effects of adjuvants on spreading of small droplets after spray application and of larger drops with volumes in the microliter range was studied. The characterization of spreading as affected by adjuvants is done often with lab tests on artificial surfaces. In these tests much larger drops in the microliter range are used and plant factors such as the presence of hairs or crystalline waxes and spray related factors such as rapid evaporation, a different drop size magnitude, a drop size distribution in reality, and effects of adjuvants on drop size are not considered. For a set of test compounds from different chemical classes we evaluated stepwise the approximation to real systems with plant surfaces representing the major surface features. With larger drops of 10 and 20 μl we obtained a surprisingly good correlation of spreading on Parafilm® M and the mature leaves of Chlorophytum, tomato, rape, and corn. With good wetters better spreading was observed on leaves than on Parafilm M. The correlation of spread diameters with real spray (flat fan nozzle, 300 l/ha) on an easily wettable plant and drops on Parafilm M was very good as well though with the best spreaders the gravimetric momentum on spreading and longer times for evaporation overestimated spreading of the larger droplets on Parafilm M. If the mean spread diameters of real spray was plotted vs. the logtransformed spread diameter on Parafilm M a linear correlation was obtained (r2=0.92)
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aContact angle.
=650  \0$aCoverage.
=650  \0$aSpreading.
=650  \0$aWetting.
=650  \0$aRetention.
=650  \0$aAdjuvants.
=650  \0$aSurfactants.
=650  14$aAdjuvants.
=650  24$aContact angle.
=650  24$aCoverage.
=650  24$aRetention.
=650  24$aSpreading.
=650  24$aSurfactants.
=650  24$aWetting.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100392.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100394
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100394$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100394$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD382.W3
=082  04$a668.9$223
=100  1\$aDexter, Robin W.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDevelopment of an ASTM Method for Measurement of the Extensional Viscosity of Agricultural Spray Solutions /$cRobin W. Dexter.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b4
=520  3\$aPolymeric drift control agents are used to modify the droplet size distribution of pesticide sprays. These agents function by increasing the extensional viscosity of the spray liquid, enabling it to resist disruption as it emerges from the spray nozzle, usually leading to an increase in the median droplet diameter of the spray droplets. Extensional viscosity is often the most important physical property controlling the spray droplet size, especially when soluble polymers are present, but methods available for measurement of extensional viscosity of dilute solutions are complicated and are not generally available. This paper describes a simple, portable apparatus that can detect and quantify a relative extensional viscosity (screen factor) that is useful in evaluating the properties of drift control agents. The apparatus has been used to determine the screen factors of test substances used by the Spray Drift Task Force and to correlate them with independent measurements of extensional viscosity obtained using a Rheometrics RFX Extensional Rheometer. The method has been adopted as ASTM Method E 2408-04, “Relative Extensional Viscosity of Agricultural Spray Tank Mixes.”.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aWater-soluble polymers.
=650  \0$aScreen factor.
=650  \0$aPacked beds.
=650  \0$aPesticide sprays.
=650  \0$aSpray tank mixes.
=650  \0$aExtensional viscosity.
=650  14$aExtensional viscosity.
=650  24$aSpray tank mixes.
=650  24$aPesticide sprays.
=650  24$aWater-soluble polymers.
=650  24$aScreen factor.
=650  24$aPacked beds.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100394.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100395
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100395$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100395$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aSB951.4
=082  04$a630$223
=100  1\$aMcMullan, PM.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aNozzle-Adjuvant Formulation Interactions :$bImplications on Herbicide Efficacy /$cPM. McMullan, S. Thurman, G. McManic, M. Brigance.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b8
=520  3\$aA series of adjuvants were developed to improve herbicide performance when applied through air induction nozzles. A series of research trials were conducted in 2004 and 2005 with clethodim, foramsulfuron, and glyphosate. Efficacy of these herbicides was reduced in over 30 % of all cases when applied through air induction nozzles compared to conventional flatfan nozzles. However, when modified forms of the adjuvants were used, efficacy increased approximately 25 % of cases with glyphosale, 40 % of cases with clethodim, and 90 % of cases with foramsulfuron when using air induction nozzles. A separate series of oil-based adjuvants developed had over 20 % air entrapment whereas conventional oil-based adjuvants had 5 % or less air entrapment when using air induction nozzles. Research conducted in the field in 2005 indicated that these novel formulations may improve herbicide efficacy.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAir induction nozzle.
=650  \0$aFlat fan nozzle.
=650  \0$aGlyphosate.
=650  \0$aClethodim.
=650  \0$aForamsulfuron.
=650  \0$aAdjuvant.
=650  \0$aAir entrapment.
=650  \0$aHerbicide efficacy.
=650  14$aAdjuvant.
=650  24$aAir induction nozzle.
=650  24$aFlat fan nozzle.
=650  24$aHerbicide efficacy.
=650  24$aAir entrapment.
=650  24$aGlyphosate.
=650  24$aForamsulfuron.
=650  24$aClethodim.
=700  1\$aThurman, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMcManic, G.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBrigance, M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100395.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100396
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100396$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100396$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aCA1HW71
=082  04$a632/.954$223
=100  1\$aWolford, John,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAttapulgite as a Thixotropic Suspending Agent /$cJohn Wolford.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (4 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references.
=520  3\$aAttapulgite is a hydrous magnesium aluminum silicate clay mineral with a unique structure made up of colloidal particles called spicules. Gellation takes place following dispersion when the spicules become attracted to each other, become entangled and form the matrix structure that thickens, entraps, and suspends solids. Proper dispersion and gelling is dependent on the amount of shear and length of time it is applied or the use of chemical means to facilitate dispersion. To achieve gellation chemically dispersed clay must come into contact with a chemical salt which causes spicules to associate with one another and the gel to instantly form. Attapulgite can also be used to structure organic systems with the proper use of a cationic surfactant. The basic advantages of attapulgite as a structuring agent are versatility, compatibility with a variety of liquid systems, functionality over a wide pH range, and resistance to attack by microorganisms. It is relatively economical and provides a thixotropic liquid system.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSuspension concentrate.
=650  \0$aAttapulgite.
=650  \0$aAqueous thickening.
=650  \0$aDispersion.
=650  14$aAttapulgite.
=650  24$aDispersion.
=650  24$aSuspension concentrate.
=650  24$aAqueous thickening.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100396.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100397
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100397$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100397$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aS616.U6
=082  04$a631.5/87$223
=100  1\$aSanchez, CA.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPerchlorate Accumulation and Potential Exposure from Durum Wheat Irrigated with Colorado River Water /$cCA. Sanchez, RI. Krieger, L. Valentin-Blasini, BC. Blount, NR. Khandaker.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b29
=520  3\$aThe Colorado River is contaminated with low levels of perchlorate derived from aerospace-and defense-related fuel industries once located near the Las Vegas Wash. At sufficiently high doses, perchlorate can disrupt thyroid function by inhibiting uptake of iodide. Researchers have reported on the presence of perchlorate in lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) grown in the lower Colorado River region. Recent work has demonstrated the potential for wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) to accumulate perchlorate when irrigated with perchlorate contaminated irrigation water in Texas. Over 45 000 ha of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum var. durum) are irrigated with Colorado River water in Arizona and California for the national and international pasta industries. Studies were conducted to determine perchlorate accumulation of wheat irrigated with Colorado River water. Perchlorate did accumulate in the above-ground plant components (982 to 3924 µg/kg dry weight (dw)) and roots (96 to 650 µg/kg dw) of immature durum wheat. For mature wheat, concentrations were greater in the stalk (490 µg/kg dw) compared to the spike (80 µ/kg dw). Most of the detectable perchlorate in the spike was in the rachis (125 µ/kg dw) and glumes (236 µ/kg dw). A majority of grain samples collected had perchlorate concentrations below levels of quantification by ion chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (IC/MS/MS) (25<25 µg/kg dw. These results indicate potential exposure from the consumption of pasta products derived from durum wheat irrigated with Colorado River water are low relative to the reference dose adopted by USEPA.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aIrrigation.
=650  14$aIrrigation.
=650  24$aTriticum turgidum var. durum.
=650  24$aPasta.
=700  1\$aKrieger, RI.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aValentin-Blasini, L.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBlount, BC.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKhandaker, NR.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100397.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100398
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100398$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100398$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aGB701
=082  04$a553.7/0973 s$223
=100  1\$aBlount, BC.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAssessing Human Exposure to Perchlorate Using Biomonitoring /$cBC. Blount, L. Valentín-Blasini, DL. Ashley.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b31
=520  3\$aBecause of health concerns surrounding widespread exposure to perchlorate, we developed a sensitive and selective method for measuring perchlorate in human urine using ion chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. This method was applied to assess perchlorate levels in urine collected from a convenience population (N=27) consuming foods reported to contain perchlorate: milk, dairy products, and green leafy vegetables. Consumption of three or more servings of these foods in the 16 hours before urine sample collection was associated with significantly higher levels of perchlorate in urine (6.13±3.59 μg/g creatinine) compared with study participants consuming one or fewer servings of these foods (3.14±0.85 μg/g creatinine). These data suggest that diet can be an important source of perchlorate exposure and underscore the important role of selective and sensitive biomonitoring methods to assess human exposure to perchlorate from multiple sources in the environment.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHuman exposure.
=650  \0$aPerchlorate.
=650  \0$aBiomonitoring.
=650  \0$aIon chromatography.
=650  \0$aMass spectrometry.
=650  14$aPerchlorate.
=650  24$aHuman exposure.
=650  24$aDiet.
=650  24$aBiomonitoring.
=650  24$aUrine.
=650  24$aIon chromatography.
=650  24$aMass spectrometry.
=700  1\$aValentín-Blasini, L.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAshley, DL.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100398.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100401
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100401$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100401$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA462
=082  04$a620.1/1223$223
=100  1\$aFix, DV.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aImpact of Small Chemistry Variations in Plate and Weld Filler Metal on the Corrosion Performance of Ni-Cr-Mo Alloys2 /$cDV. Fix, RB. Rebak.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b14
=520  3\$aThe ASTM standard B 575 provides the requirements for the chemical composition of Nickel-Chromium-Molybdenum (Ni-Cr-Mo) alloys such as Alloy 22 (N06022) and Alloy 686 (N06686). The compositions of each element are given in a range. For example, the content of Mo is specified from 12.5 to 14.5 weight percent for Alloy 22 and from 15.0 to 17.0 weight percent for Alloy 686. It is important to determine how the corrosion rate of welded plates of Alloy 22 using Alloy 686 weld filler metal would change if heats of these alloys were prepared using several variations in the composition of the elements even though still in the range specified in B 575. Seven heats of plate were welded with seven heats of wire. Immersion corrosion tests were conducted in a boiling solution of sulfuric acid plus ferric sulfate (ASTM G28 A) using both as-welded (ASW) coupons and solution heat-treated (SHT) coupons. Results show that, for practical purposes, the corrosion rate was not affected by the chemistry of the materials in the range specified in the standard B 575.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aN06686.
=650  \0$aCorrosion rate.
=650  14$aN06022.
=650  24$aN06686.
=650  24$aHeat composition variability.
=650  24$aCorrosion rate.
=650  24$aASTM G 28A.
=700  1\$aRebak, RB.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100401.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100403
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=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100403$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100403$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRJ482.R48
=082  04$a618.92/7$223
=100  1\$aCarbary, LD.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDevelopment of a Practical Method to Evaluate the Fatigue Properties of Structural Silicone Glazing Adhesives /$cLD. Carbary, ED. Bull, SS. Mishra.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b4
=520  3\$aStructural silicone sealants have been used since the mid 1960s in the construction industry to attach glass to curtainwall framing systems. Design standards for these sealants have been in practice since the early 1970s and continue to be developed today. Most of these standards require tests that are based on a one-time destructive test of the joint material in tension. The industry established structural silicone design stress is intended to be reached only during the highest windload for the specified return wind period. The existing practice has had great success because the industry guidelines minimize stress on the silicone, and dictate quality assurance procedures that are instituted by curtainwall producers. In real life situations the sealant is additionally fatigued through a cyclic shear mechanism caused by daily thermal movement differences between the glass pane and the aluminum frame. This paper discusses a method for testing the effect of fatigue in sealants used in structural designs and comparing the data to control samples.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aStructural silicone.
=650  \0$aShear strain.
=650  \0$aDurability.
=650  14$aFatigue.
=650  24$aStructural silicone.
=650  24$aDurability.
=650  24$aShear strain.
=700  1\$aBull, ED.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMishra, SS.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100403.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100407
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100407$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100407$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aNA4140
=082  04$a721/.04496$223
=100  1\$aMemari, AM.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSeismic Performance of Two-Side Structural Silicone Glazing Systems /$cAM. Memari, X. Chen, PA. Kremer, RA. Behr.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aThis paper presents the results of the first phase of an experimental research program on simulated seismic performance of structural silicone glazed (SSG) curtain wall systems. Full-scale, two-side SSG mockups made up of three side-by-side glass panels were tested under cyclic racking displacements to determine serviceability and ultimate behavior responses. Variables were glass type (annealed and fully tempered) and panel configuration (monolithic, laminated, and insulating glass). In the experiments carried out, damage states such as gasket deformation/pullout, sealant failure (e.g., adhesion/cohesion, etc.), glass cracking glass and fallout were identified and their corresponding drift levels were determined. The extent of damage to silicone sealant was determined through air leakage tests.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aArchitectural glass$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aStructural glazing.
=650  \0$aCurtain wall.
=650  \0$aSeismic behavior.
=650  \0$aArchitectural glass.
=650  \0$aAir leakage test.
=650  \0$aRacking test.
=650  \0$aSilicone sealant.
=650  14$aSilicone sealant.
=650  24$aStructural glazing.
=650  24$aArchitectural glass.
=650  24$aSeismic behavior.
=650  24$aCurtain wall.
=650  24$aRacking test.
=650  24$aAir leakage test.
=700  1\$aChen, X.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKremer, PA.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBehr, RA.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100407.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100408
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100408$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100408$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK9001
=082  04$a621.48$223
=100  1\$aEttlinger, CF.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFunctional and Release Characteristics of Alpine Ski Equipment /$cCF. Ettlinger, RJ. Johnson, J. Shealy.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b26
=520  3\$aReleasable bindings were developed to reduce the risk of lower leg injuries. However, the relationship between the incidence of specific alpine injury groups and the function and calibration of the release system has not been well understood. Over the 32 years between December 1972 and April 2004, the authors conducted a case control study at a northern Vermont ski area involving 17 967 injuries and 3617 uninjured controls. During that time, approximately 6.4 million skier visits were recorded at the area. Injured skiers were treated at clinic in the base lodge and their injuries diagnosed by the clinic staff. Data relating to the accident, the injury, and the equipment used were recorded. The release moments of equipment associated with lower extremity injuries and uninjured controls were measured using a commercially available test device. Case studies of 43 anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) sprains, 79 lower leg injuries, and 99 uninjured controls were conducted using data collected over seven years between December 1997 and April 2004. In terms of quantitative critical defects, 17 % of the control group, 14 % of the ACL group, and 39 % of the lower leg group exhibited release levels more than 30 % above recommended. When qualitative critical defects were considered, 27 % of the control group, 25 % of the ACL group, and 54 % of the lower leg group were found to exhibit one or more defects capable of having a significant effect on equipment function. The authors concluded that sprains, fractures, strains, and contusions of the lower leg among alpine skiers were associated with measurable or observable qualities of the release system. Serious sprains of the knee were not. A substantial reduction of injuries below the knee can be expected if potentially defective equipment can be identified and repaired, or replaced.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aElectrical and Electronic Engineering.
=650  \0$aRelease torque.
=650  \0$aRelease setting.
=650  \0$aSki binding.
=650  14$aSki binding.
=650  24$aRelease setting.
=650  24$aRelease torque.
=650  24$aRelease characteristics.
=700  1\$aJohnson, RJ.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aShealy, J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100408.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100409
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100409$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100409$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP1180.P8
=082  04$a668.4239$223
=100  1\$aUrban, C.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFormulating High Weatherability Sealants :$bPossibilities and Challenges /$cC. Urban, T. Matsumoto, S. Tomari, F. Adeleu.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b10
=520  3\$aCustomers challenge sealant formulators to develop high weatherability construction sealants with ever-higher performance. This paper will discuss some of the factors that influence weatherability and durability of sealants, such as binder, pigments, stabilizers, and catalysts. One-component polyurethane and modified silicone sealants will be evaluated. Raw material influences need to be carefully tested and optimized in order to develop high weatherability sealants. Taking these factors into consideration, it is possible to formulate high weatherability sealants that meet customers' demands. These demands are expected to increase in the future.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aModified silicone.
=650  \0$aPolyurethane.
=650  \0$aConstruction sealants.
=650  \0$aWeatherability.
=650  14$aConstruction sealants.
=650  24$aPolyurethane.
=650  24$aModified silicone.
=650  24$aWeatherability.
=650  24$aRaw material influences.
=700  1\$aMatsumoto, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTomari, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAdeleu, F.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100409.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100411
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100411$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100411$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRC1220.S5
=082  04$a617/.1027$223
=100  1\$aEkeland, A.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aInjuries in Norwegian Ski Resorts 2002 – 2004 /$cA. Ekeland, A. Rødven.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b26
=520  3\$aA central ski patrol-based registration of skiing and boarding injuries was performed by the Norwegian Ski Lift Association during the winter seasons 2002/2003 and 2003/2004. Totals of 7252 injured skiers/boarders and 4.884 million skier/boarder days were recorded during the two seasons, giving an injury rate of 1.5 injured per 1000 skier/boarder days. Most of the injuries occurred during alpine skiing (49 %) and snowboarding (43 %), whereas telemark skiing and skiboarding each accounted for 4 % of the injuries. Wrist injuries were common among injured snowboarders (28 %) compared to only 6 % for skiboarders and 4 % each for alpine and telemark skiers (P<0.001). The knee was the main injury location in alpine skiers (25 %) compared to 19 % among skiboarders, 12 % among telemarkers, and only 7 % among snowboarders (P<0.001), but the percentage of knee injuries was almost twice as high for females compared to males, both in skiers and snowboarders (P<0.001). As percent of all injuries, injured snowboarders suffered more fractures (35 %) than skiboarders (30 %), telemark (24 %) and alpine skiers (22 %) (P<0.001), but fracture of the lower leg was uncommon among snowboarders (1 %) and telemarkers (2 %) compared to alpine skiers (7 %) and skiboarders (15 %) (P<0.001). Lower leg fractures accounted for 4 % of the injured alpine skiers 20 years and older and adolescents aged 13–19 years compared to 15 % for children 12 years and younger (P<0.001). Nineteen percent of the skiers/boarders were injured in snowboarder parks, and these injuries were more severe than those occurring at other locations. In conclusion, injured alpine skiers were most prone to knee injuries, and skiboarders to lower leg fractures. This fracture was still a common injury for children in these two disciplines. Injured snowboarders were most prone to suffer wrist injuries. The percentage of knee injuries among females was almost twice that of males both in skiers and snowboarders. Injuries sustained in snowboarder parks were more severe than other injuries on the slope.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSkiing injuries$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aSkiing trauma.
=650  \0$aSkiboarding.
=650  \0$aSkiing.
=650  \0$aSnowboarding.
=650  \0$aChildren.
=650  \0$aAthletic injuries.
=650  \0$aFractures.
=650  \0$aSports.
=650  \0$aSprains.
=650  \0$aTibial fractures.
=650  14$aAge factors.
=650  24$aAthletic injuries.
=650  24$aChildren.
=650  24$aFractures.
=650  24$aSkiing.
=650  24$aSkiing trauma.
=650  24$aSnowboarding.
=650  24$aSkiboarding.
=650  24$aSports.
=650  24$aSprains.
=650  24$aTibial fractures.
=700  1\$aRødven, A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100411.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100416
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100416$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100416$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA472
=082  04$a672$223
=100  1\$aDesimone, H.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAre Multiaxial Fatigue Criteria Appropriate When Steels with Surface Defects are Subjected to Rolling Contact Fatigue /$cH. Desimone, A. Bernasconi, S. Beretta.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b20
=520  3\$aThe fatigue strength assessment of parts subjected to rolling and sliding contacts is a multiaxial fatigue problem because of the cyclic variation of the six components of the stress tensor, which generate non proportional stress paths. In real steels, the difficulty of the problem is increased by the presence of defects, which has to be considered in order to achieve an accurate assessment of their multiaxial fatigue strength. In this context, this paper analyzes the behavior and accuracy of some multiaxial fatigue criteria when dealing with a quenched and tempered steel with and without defects. Several fatigue tests on smooth and micronotched specimens were carried out, for different stress ratio conditions. The results are confronted with the most popular multiaxial fatigue criteria of the critical plane class (e.g., Dang Van, Findley) and implementing an integral approach (e.g., Liu-Zenner). Even if some of these criteria fit the results when smooth specimens are considered, noticeable contradictions arise when they are applied to steels containing defects. From this point of view, it seems that new criteria should be considered for rolling contact fatigue in presence of defects.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aRolling contact fatigue.
=650  \0$aMultiaxial fatigue.
=650  \0$aShakedown.
=650  \0$aStress ratio.
=650  \0$aResidual stresses.
=650  14$aRolling contact fatigue.
=650  24$aMultiaxial fatigue.
=650  24$aShakedown.
=650  24$aResidual stresses.
=650  24$aStress ratio.
=700  1\$aBernasconi, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBeretta, S.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100416.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100418
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100418$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100418$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA460
=082  04$a620.166$223
=100  1\$aHetzner, DW.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDeveloping ASTM E 2283 :$bStandard Practice for Extreme Value Analysis of Nonmetallic Inclusions in Steel and Other Microstructural Features /$cDW. Hetzner.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (18 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b24
=520  3\$aThe statistical nature of bearing failures has been studied using Weibull probability statistics for over 50 years. Historically it has been demonstrated that the origin of many bearing failures is the presence of large nondeformable nonmetallic inclusions in the bearing steel. Methods for predicting the presence of large inclusions in bearing steels using extreme value statistics were presented in the late 1980s. Several papers presented in the ASTM A 01.28 Bearing Steel Technology Symposium in 1996 discussed this method of analysis. Unfortunately in these and other investigations, standardized methodologies for performing the analysis were not utilized. This paper discusses how ASTM E 2283 was developed. The results of a recently completed interlaboratory round robin testing program are discussed. The application of the standard to microstructural features other than inclusions will be illustrated.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aNonmetallic inclusions.
=650  \0$aExtreme value statistics.
=650  14$aExtreme value statistics.
=650  24$aNonmetallic inclusions.
=650  24$aSteel.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100418.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100421
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
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=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100421$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100421$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD506
=082  04$a546.3$223
=100  1\$aJeffcoate, C.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aInvestigation of Interaction Between Coolant Formulations and Flux Loading/Compositions in Controlled Atmosphere Brazed (CAB) Aluminum Surfaces in Heat Exchanger Applications /$cC. Jeffcoate, M. Ranger, J. Grajzl, B. Yang, P. Woyciesjes, A. Gershun.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b7
=520  3\$aAn investigation was made into the effects of flux formulation and after brazing residue on the pitting potential of the aluminum surface in various types of coolants during laboratory evaluations. Samples of CAB brazed radiator header alloy aluminum, with various flux loadings, were supplied by Behr and the Ford Motor Company. The flux is generally in the form of potassium fluoroaluminate, general formula K1–3AIF4–6.xH2O. The samples in the flux loading study were all passed through the brazing ovens with the following flux loadings: • No flux, • Half the regular amount of flux, • The regular amount of flux, • Double the regular amount of flux, • Regular amount of flux over half of the surface area. The individual coolants used in the flux loading study were 25 % volumes of the following, each with 100 ppm of chloride: • Conventional, • Hybrid (HOAT), • Organic Acid (OAT), • Modified Organic Acid (MOAT). In the flux composition study, different compositions of potassium fluoroaluminate from three different suppliers were evaluated with hybrid type coolant. All the aluminum samples were run according to a Ford Laboratory Test Method (FLTM) BL105-01 “A Rapid Method to Predict the Effectiveness of Inhibited Coolants in Aluminum Heat Exchangers” [1]. The samples were heated and boiled in coolant for 1 h. The temperature was lowered to 70°C and the samples were electrochemically tested by either potentiodynamic polarization or modified Ford FLTM BL105-01. Each coolant at the end of the test was submitted for chemical analysis of fluoride content. The electrochemical results of the flux loading study showed that the higher the flux loading on the aluminum header material, the easier it is to initiate corrosion. Chemical analysis showed the presence of significant quantities of fluoride in the end of test fluids. As the only fluoride-containing component of the system is the flux residue, it was concluded that fluoride leached from the flux residue. The second study showed that not all potassium fluoroaluminate brazing flux is alike. Samples of three fluxes from three different suppliers of the same loading on aluminum were tested with hybrid coolant. When subjected to heating and potentiodynamic polarization, significantly different results were obtained from the three different fluxes.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAluminum surface.
=650  \0$aCAB braze process.
=650  \0$aHeat exchangers.
=650  \0$aAntifreeze/coolant.
=650  14$aAntifreeze/coolant.
=650  24$aAluminum surface.
=650  24$aCAB braze process.
=650  24$aHeat exchangers.
=650  24$aPotassium fluoroaluminate flux.
=700  1\$aRanger, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGrajzl, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aYang, B.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWoyciesjes, P.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGershun, A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100421.htm

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=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100422$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100422$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD181.V2
=082  04$a546/.522$223
=100  1\$aLee, JS.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCharacteristics of Vanadium Alloyed Carbonitrided Steel for Rolling Bearing Applications /$cJS. Lee, BH. Song, SJ. Yoo, CN. Park, HS. Han.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b17
=520  3\$aToday, most bearings for automotive transmission operate in an environment of severe debris contaminated lubrication. Thus, to develop the bearings that have a long life under the lubrication environment, micro-alloyed forging steel with a vanadium element based on medium-carbon steel and a carbonitriding heat-treatment process have been developed. Initially, the variation of grain size caused by an amount of aluminum and nitrogen was investigated. The hot deformation behavior was evaluated by means of a Gleeble tester. In general, it is extremely difficult to obtain sufficient nitrogen in the case-hardened layer by a conventional carbonitriding process. However, the application of the newly developed steel has not only the increment of nitrogen content in the case-hardened layer, but also the additional benefit that heat treatment costs could be cut effectively. In addition, we have investigated the retained austenite and precipitation behavior of V(CN), and the evaluated rolling contact fatigue life of a heat-treated specimen. As a result, we identified that the fatigue life of developed steel samples, under contaminated lubrication environment, is about five times better than comparative steel. The micro-structural degradation mechanism during fatigue testing was elucidated.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aVanadium Compounds.
=650  \0$aMicro-alloyed.
=650  \0$aRetained austenite.
=650  \0$aBearing.
=650  \0$aCarbonitriding.
=650  \0$aForging steel.
=650  \0$aVanadium.
=650  \0$aGleeble test.
=650  14$aBearing.
=650  24$aMicro-alloyed.
=650  24$aForging steel.
=650  24$aVanadium.
=650  24$aCarbonitriding.
=650  24$aGleeble test.
=650  24$aRetained austenite.
=650  24$aMicro-structure degradation.
=700  1\$aSong, BH.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aYoo, SJ.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPark, CN.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHan, HS.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100422.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100424
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100424$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100424$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA480.A6
=082  04$a620.1/8623$223
=100  1\$aTanaka, S.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Development of an Austenitic Stainless Steel Bearing with High Corrosion Resistance and High Nonmagnetic Property /$cS. Tanaka, K. Ueda, N. Mitamura, M. Oohori.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b2
=520  3\$aApparatus of the type used in liquid crystal and semiconductor production facilities, medical inspection facilities, and linear motor cars utilize a magnetic field. When operated, either driven or rotated, they may experience a disturbance of the ambient magnetic field. This is more likely to occur if the driven or rotating portion of the apparatus is formed from a magnetic material. In recent years, bearings use in apparatus utilizing a magnetic field were made in precipitation hardening stainless steels such as Mn-Cr-V series or Mn-Cr-Ni-V series. Although these steels have excellent corrosion resistance, compared to martensitic stainless steels like AISI 440C, it is still not sufficient. In addition, the typical hardness of a precipitation hardening stainless steel used for bearings is about 446 HV. The low hardness of the steel means that the durability of the bearing is often unsatisfactory. Therefore, work was undertaken to develop a bearing steel with improved properties. In addition, to having improved corrosion resistance and durability, the steel must also have a very low magnetic permeability. This led to the development of a carburized AISI 316L austenitic stainless steel. The carburizing was carried out at 500°C to produce a surface layer with a hardness around 800∼1000 HV, while retaining the excellent corrosion resistance and low magnetic permeability associated with this type of steel. Tests carried out have shown that despite the thinness of the hardened layer and low core hardness, in certain applications bearings made in carburized AISI 316L exhibited excellent durability together with low friction characteristics.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aNonmagnetic.
=650  \0$aCorrosion resistance.
=650  \0$aFatigue life.
=650  \0$aWear resistance.
=650  \0$aCarburizing.
=650  14$aRolling contact bearing.
=650  24$aAustenitic stainless steel.
=650  24$aCorrosion resistance.
=650  24$aNonmagnetic.
=650  24$aCarburizing.
=650  24$aWear resistance.
=650  24$aFatigue life.
=700  1\$aUeda, K.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMitamura, N.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aOohori, M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100424.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100425
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100425$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100425$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTL699.S8
=082  04$a629.13427$223
=100  1\$aTrojahn, W.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aExperiences in Using Ultrasonic Testing of Bearing Steel for Demanding Applications /$cW. Trojahn, K. Janser, O. Roesch.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b5
=520  3\$aThe demands on modern machine parts, i.e., bearings, are increasing constantly. To ensure that highly clean steel is used, a number of different test methods are commonly used. In the field of test methods the ultrasonic immersion testing has reached a dominant position. This paper will give a short comparison of the ASTM E 588-03 and the SEP 1927 standards and will point out some experiences the authors have made using ultrasonic testing as a tool to increase steel cleanliness and using ultrasonic testing and blue fracture testing as complementary test methods. To be able to use ultrasonic testing as a powerful tool, a number of side aspects like the geometry of the test piece, the structure of it, or the frequency of the used ultrasonic-probe are important. This will be demonstrated by showing results from testing and incoming inspection.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aStructure.
=650  \0$aSurface.
=650  \0$aSteel cleanliness.
=650  14$aSteel cleanliness.
=650  24$aUltrasonic immersion testing.
=650  24$aStructure.
=650  24$aSurface.
=700  1\$aJanser, K.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRoesch, O.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100425.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100427
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100427$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100427$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.74
=082  04$a620.11223$223
=100  1\$aRamniceanu, A.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMeasuring the Field Corrosion Activity of Bridge Decks Built with Bare and Epoxy Coated Steel /$cA. Ramniceanu, RE. Weyers, C. Anderson-Cook, MC. Brown.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (17 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aEpoxy coated steel became the prevalent corrosion protection methods starting in the early 1980s. Since then, studies have shown that epoxy coating does not prevent corrosion, but instead will debond from the steel reinforcement in as little as four years, allowing instead a much more insidious form of corrosion to take place under the coating. Therefore, it is important to determine if nondestructive corrosion activity detection methods are applicable to epoxy coated reinforcing steel as well as institute guidelines for interpreting the results. Based on comparisons of measurements distributions, this study shows that there is an indication that these nondestructive test methods may be applicable to structures reinforced with epoxy coated steel.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCorrosion and anti-corrosives.
=650  \0$aConcrete.
=650  \0$aCorrosion.
=650  \0$aPotentials.
=650  \0$aCurrent.
=650  \0$aResistivity.
=650  14$aConcrete.
=650  24$aCorrosion.
=650  24$aPotentials.
=650  24$aCurrent.
=650  24$aResistivity.
=650  24$aEpoxy coated reinforcing.
=700  1\$aWeyers, RE.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAnderson-Cook, C.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBrown, MC.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100427.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100428
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100428$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100428$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aR857.T55
=082  04$a571.5/38$223
=100  1\$aAgrawal, CM.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aBasics of Polymeric Scaffolds for Tissue Engineering /$cCM. Agrawal, J. Carter, JL. Ong.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b71
=520  3\$aThis review article argues the case that there is a need for careful scaffold science for successful tissue engineering. Polymeric scaffolds should possess certain essential properties. However, these properties are not independent of each other and thus the development of a scaffold requires an optimization process. The article reviews several scaffold fabrication processes to highlight the complexity of the field. Issues related to porosity, permeability, and the need for adequate diffusion characteristics are discussed. Several previous studies on the effects of mixing in bioreactors are reviewed. Lastly, surface modification techniques are presented. In particular, recent work related to glow discharge gas plasma modification of biodegradable polymers is discussed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBiodegradable.
=650  \0$aScaffold science.
=650  \0$aTissue engineering.
=650  \0$aDiffusion.
=650  \0$aSurface modification.
=650  \0$aPolymer.
=650  \0$aSurface properties.
=650  \0$aPermeability.
=650  \0$aPorosity.
=650  14$aScaffold science.
=650  24$aTissue engineering.
=650  24$aFabrication techniques.
=650  24$aDiffusion.
=650  24$aPorosity.
=650  24$aPermeability.
=650  24$aSurface modification.
=650  24$aSurface properties.
=650  24$aBiodegradable.
=650  24$aPolymer.
=700  1\$aCarter, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aOng, JL.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100428.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100430
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100430$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100430$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA680
=082  04$a624.1/8341$223
=100  1\$aBernard, E. S.,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Comparison of Flexural Performance for Third-Point Loaded and Centrally-Loaded Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Beams /$cE. S. Bernard, G. G. Xu.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aFlexural performance data obtained from beams are used widely in the design of fiber-reinforced concrete (FRC) structures. However, loading configurations under which a material is expected to perform in situ seldom match the third-point loaded beam used in tests on FRC. In the present investigation, the performance of FRC beams tested using third-point loading have been compared with nominally identical beams tested using central point loading. The results indicate that the Modulus of Rupture obtained using third-point loaded beams is lower than that obtained using centrally-loaded beams but that the post-crack performance of the former is greater.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFiber-reinforced concrete.
=650  \0$aFiber-reinforced concrete$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aModulus of Rupture.
=650  \0$aShotcrete.
=650  14$aFiber-reinforced concrete.
=650  24$aShotcrete.
=650  24$aModulus of Rupture.
=650  24$aPost-crack performance.
=700  1\$aXu, G. G.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100430.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100431
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100431$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100431$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK9001
=082  04$a621.48$223
=100  1\$aFarshidfar, A.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aElectrical and Mechanical Properties of Conducive Carbon Black/Polyolefin Composites Mixed With Carbon Fiber /$cA. Farshidfar, V. Haddadi-Asl, H. Nazokdast.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b22
=520  3\$aThe electrical conductivity of polymers can be increased by the addition of conductive fillers, including forms of carbon fibers and carbon black. The resulting composites can be used in applications where metals have typically been the materials of choice. The advantages of using these materials include lighter weight, resistance to corrosion, and the ability to be readily adapted to the needs of a specific application. One of the most significant applications for conductive polymer composites are conductive carbon-polymer composite electrodes. As many properties such as conductivity, mechanical integrity, low permeability, electrochemical activity, and stability in the electrolytes are required of materials to be used as electrodes, so “material selection” plays a crucial role in fabricating these materials. In this work it was found that high density polyethylene (HDPE)/ethylene-propylene-diene monomer(EPDM) blend ratio (70/30) has lower percolation threshold and volume resistivity than individually carbon black filled HDPE and EPDM due to “double percolation” effect. Carbon fibers were also added to the polymer-carbon black mixtures to enhance the conductivity and mechanical properties. The electrical conductivity of composites with different ratios of carbon black (CB) content to carbon fiber (CF) content was studied. The CB content is the main factor to determine the resistivity of the composites filled with CB and CF. Mechanical properties, including tensile strength, elongation at break, and impact strength of the conductive composites were evaluated. The results showed that incorporation of CB and CF in the composites will enhance tensile strength, but decrease elongation at break and impact strength of the composites. In mechanical properties, CF content has a greater effect than CB content. From the comparison of the resistivity and mechanical properties of the composites filled with CB and CF with that of the composites filled with CB only, it is concluded that using CF as a substitute for part of the CB in CB-filled composites can enhance electrical and mechanical properties.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aElectrical and Electronic Engineering.
=700  1\$aHaddadi-Asl, V.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNazokdast, H.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100431.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100432
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100432$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100432$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA440
=082  04$a620.1/3623$223
=100  1\$aLu, D.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffect of Aggregate Particle Size on Determining Alkali-Silica Reactivity by Accelerated Tests /$cD. Lu, B. Fournier, P. Grattan-Bellew.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aFor assessing the rock applicability of accelerated tests for alkali-aggregate reactivity and the effect of aggregate particle size on determining alkali reactivity of concrete aggregates in accelerated tests, experimental studies on microstructure and expansion behaviors of Potsdam sandstone and a Norwegian quartzite were conducted in Concrete Prism Test and in various accelerated tests, i.e., Accelerated Mortar Bar Test, Chinese Autoclave Method, and Chinese Accelerated Mortar Bar Test. Results indicate that, in comparison with Concrete Prism Test results, the alkali expansivity of both rocks are generally underestimated in these accelerated tests. It is mainly attributed to the use of a large proportion of very fine aggregate particles in which the original microtexture characteristic of rocks was lost during sample preparation. The effects of microtexture and the particle size of aggregate on reasonable prediction of alkali expansivity of aggregates in concrete by accelerated tests were discussed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAlkali-aggregate reactions.
=650  \0$aTesting method.
=650  \0$aMicrostructure.
=650  14$aAlkali-aggregate reaction.
=650  24$aAlkali-silica reaction.
=650  24$aTesting method.
=650  24$aMicrostructure.
=700  1\$aFournier, B.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGrattan-Bellew, P.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100432.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100433
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100433$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100433$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTE7
=082  04$a625.732$223
=100  1\$aLu, D.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEvaluation of the Chinese Accelerated Test for Alkali-Carbonate Reaction /$cD. Lu, B. Fournier, P. Grattan-Bellew, Z. Xu, M. Tang.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b19
=520  3\$aAs part of an multi-laboratory study on accelerated concrete microbar test for alkali-carbonate reaction, the effect of a number of variables on expansion were evaluated, including the effect of alkali content of the cement, the type and source of alkali, the aggregate particle size, and the bar size. The expansivities of various dolomitic limestones from different origins were evaluated in the concrete prism test and in the accelerated concrete microbar test. The effect of replacement of a portion of the portland cement with fly ash on the expansion of microbars containing selected dolomitic limestones and a typical alkalisilica reactive aggregate were also evaluated. The paper presents the obtained results and the correlation between expansions in the concrete prism test and the accelerated test.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAlkali carbonate reactions.
=650  \0$aAccelerated test.
=650  14$aAlkali carbonate reaction.
=650  24$aAccelerated test.
=650  24$aAlkali aggregate reaction.
=700  1\$aFournier, B.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGrattan-Bellew, P.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aXu, Z.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTang, M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100433.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100435
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100435$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100435$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTD930
=082  04$a628/.746$223
=100  1\$aZhang, S.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aInvestigation into the Effects of Materials and Mixing Procedures on Air Void Characteristics of Fresh Concrete Using Air Void Analyzer (AVA) /$cS. Zhang, K. Wang.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b23
=520  3\$aThe air void analyzer (AVA) was used to investigate the effects of concrete materials and mixing procedures on air void characteristics of fresh concrete. Twenty-seven batches of concrete were made with three mix proportions (with and without Class C fly ash or water reducer), and they were mixed with five mixing procedures (one-step mixing for 1, 2, or 4 min, two-step mixing for 4 min and ASTM C 192 lab mixing procedures) and two sizes of pan mixers (0.014 and 0.042 m3 or 0.5 and 1.5 ft3). The air content, size distribution, specific surface, and spacing factor of all the batch mixtures were examined. The results indicated that incorporating 15 % Class C fly ash replacement or recommended dosage of a lignin-based water reducer into concrete generally reduced the spacing factor of air voids. The two-step mixing method (mixing mortar for 2 min first, and then mixing the mortar with coarse aggregate for another 2 min) produced a lower air void spacing factor than the one-step, 4-min mixing method (mixing all concrete materials together at once). For concrete mixed with the one-step mixing method, the air void spacing factor reduced with mixing time. For a given concrete mixture and mixing procedure, use of different sizes of mixers provided the mixtures with different air content and different spacing factor. The air void characteristics of the corresponding fresh and hardened concrete were also examined using the Type B pressure meter and RapidAir test methods, respectively. The correlations between the results from AVA, Type B pressure meter, and RapidAir tests were studied.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAir void.
=650  \0$aMixing.
=650  \0$aFly ash.
=650  \0$aWater reducer.
=650  14$aAir void.
=650  24$aFly ash.
=650  24$aMixing.
=650  24$aWater reducer.
=700  1\$aWang, K.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100435.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100436
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100436$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100436$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA440
=082  04$a620.1/3623$223
=100  1\$aMoon, J-H,$eauthor.
=245  10$aQuantifying the Influence of Specimen Geometry on the Results of the Restrained Ring Test /$cJ-H Moon, F. Rajabipour, B. Pease, J. Weiss.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b25
=520  3\$aOver the last decade, the restrained ring test has trequently been used to assess the cracking susceptibility of a concrete mixture when it is restrained from shrinking treely. Despite the trequent use of the ring test, limited analysis has been performed to understand how the specimen geometry influences the results of the test. This paper discusses the influence of specimen geometry on the results of the ring test considering three conditions: (1) uniform shrinkage of the concrete ring, (2) shrinkage caused by drying from the top and bottom surfaces of the concrete ring, and (3) shrinkage caused by drying from the outer circumference of the concrete ring. The role of moisture gradients, thickness of the concrete and the restraining (i.e., steel) rings, and the stiffness of concrete are considered in a series of numerical simulations. Results from these simulations can enable better selection of test specimen geometries and interpretation of the results from the ring test. Analytical expressions are provided to use for determining the geometry of the ring specimen that better simulates specific field conditions while providing the most useful information from the test.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAutogenous shrinkage.
=650  \0$aConcrete.
=650  \0$aDrying shrinkage.
=650  \0$aCracking.
=650  \0$aShrinkage cracking.
=650  \0$aDegree of restraint.
=650  \0$aMoisture gradient.
=650  \0$aRestrained ring test.
=650  14$aAutogenous shrinkage.
=650  24$aConcrete.
=650  24$aCracking.
=650  24$aDegree of restraint.
=650  24$aDrying shrinkage.
=650  24$aMoisture gradient.
=650  24$aShrinkage cracking.
=650  24$aRestrained ring test.
=700  1\$aRajabipour, F.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPease, B.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWeiss, J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100436.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100438
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100438$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100438$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTJ1-1570
=082  04$a621$223
=100  1\$aUnderwood, JH.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffect of Bauschinger-Modified Autofrettage Residual Stresses on Cannon Fatigue Life /$cJH. Underwood, AP. Parker, E. Troiano.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b10
=520  3\$aFatigue modeling of autofrettaged cannons is described, including design modifications for steel vessels with 1170 MPa strength. A similar Ni-Cr-Mo-V steel but with 1360 MPa strength is planned to reduce weight. A new design must include modeling of the hoop compressive residual stress at the inner diameter, that has significant control of both the yield pressure and fatigue life. Results shows good agreement between measured lives from full-size cannon tests and calculated Paris lives including a Bauschinger-reduced material strength. Paris life calculations show effects of three important pressure vessel variables: initial crack size, extent of autofrettage, and outer-to-inner radius ratio.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAutofrettage.
=650  \0$aCannon tube.
=650  \0$aFatigue life.
=650  \0$aPressure vessel.
=650  \0$aFracture mechanics.
=650  \0$aResidual stress.
=650  14$aPressure vessel.
=650  24$aFatigue life.
=650  24$aResidual stress.
=650  24$aCannon tube.
=650  24$aAutofrettage.
=650  24$aFracture mechanics.
=700  1\$aParker, AP.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTroiano, E.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100438.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100440
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100440$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100440$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA670
=082  04$a693/.1$223
=100  1\$aGodbey, Richard J.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Selection and Use of Natural and Manufactured Stone Adhered Veneer /$cRichard J. Godbey, Margaret L. Thomson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aAdhered natural and manufactured stone veneer is increasing in popularity as an architectural element in both commercial and residential construction. The paper provides a brief overview of building code requirements, mortar specifications, back-up substrates, veneer application, and tips to avoid material failures. Building code requirements are based on typical references in the Uniform Building Code, International Building Code and Building Code Requirements for Masonry Structures. Mortar specifications are based on references as stated in the building codes, ASTM Standard Specification for Mortar for Unit Masonry (C 270), and typical manufacturer's specifications. Back-up substrates are discussed in regards to building code requirements and ASTM standards for weather-resistive barriers, metal lath or mesh and corrosion resistant fasteners. Veneer application and finishing guidelines as based on building codes and typical manufacturer specifications. Discussions of tips to avoid failure are based on good workmanship and material selection.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aManufactured stone.
=650  \0$aNatural stone.
=650  \0$aAdhered veneer.
=650  14$aAdhered veneer.
=650  24$aAdhered veneer application.
=650  24$aManufactured stone.
=650  24$aNatural stone.
=700  1\$aThomson, Margaret L.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100440.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100442
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100442$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100442$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH151
=082  04$a504$223
=100  1\$aBennett, RM.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDeflection Criteria for Masonry Beams /$cRM. Bennett, WM. McGinley, J. Bryja.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b15
=520  3\$aThis paper examines issues related to deflection criteria for masonry beams. Masonry walls supported by beams and lintels act compositely with the beam. As the height of the masonry wall increases, the behavior becomes more like that of a tied arch, with the masonry in compression and the beam acting as the tension tie. Deflection limits are only needed so that sufficient stiffness is provided during construction to prevent serviceability problems, with the suggested limit being I/600. Several methods for determining the deflection of reinforced masonry beams are examined, and a method for the effective moment of inertia of cracked reinforced sections is recommended. Beams and lintels that exceed this deflection do not necessarily have to be increased in size, but rather shores could be used during construction. Masonry beams and lintels with I/d≤8 should not be controlled by deflections. Therefore, it is recommended that the code not require these members to be checked for deflections.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aLintel.
=650  \0$aDeflection.
=650  \0$aLimits.
=650  \0$aStiffness.
=650  \0$aMasonry.
=650  14$aMasonry.
=650  24$aBeam.
=650  24$aLintel.
=650  24$aDeflection.
=650  24$aStiffness.
=650  24$aLimits.
=700  1\$aMcGinley, WM.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBryja, J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100442.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100444
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100444$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100444$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA630
=082  04$a624.1834$223
=100  1\$aNordmeyer, Herb,$eauthor.
=245  10$aVariations in the Activity of Dry-Powder Water-Repellent Mortar Admixtures with Different Mortar Formulae /$cHerb Nordmeyer, Pam Hall.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aA number of water repellents are added to masonry mixes and masonry units. To be classified as a water-repellent mortar admixture, ASTM C 1384 Specification for Admixtures for Masonry Mortars, requires that the 24-h rate of water absorption needs to be reduced by at least 50 % when compared to a control mortar without the admixture. While testing two well-known water-repellent admixtures, a substantial difference in activity was noted with the mortar that was being tested. Testing was expanded to include other water-repellent admixtures and several additional mortar formulae. This paper discusses the findings of that study.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aWater absorption.
=650  \0$aMortars.
=650  \0$aWater repellent.
=650  14$aWater absorption.
=650  24$aWater repellent.
=650  24$aMortars.
=650  24$aASTM C 1384.
=700  1\$aHall, Pam,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100444.htm

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=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100446$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100446$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA444
=082  04$a624.1/8341$223
=100  1\$aParker, Cody K.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEvaluation of ASTM Methods to Determine Splitting Tensile Strength in Concrete, Masonry, and Autoclaved Aerated Concrete /$cCody K. Parker, Jennifer E. Tanner, Jorge L. Varela.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aTensile strength of concrete or masonry is a fundamental material characteristic used to predict crack formation. ASTM C 496 and C 1006 are specifically designed to determine the splitting tensile strength of concrete cylinders and masonry units, respectively. Finite element studies for the above tests were completed with the maximum tensile strength compared to the theoretical value in the corresponding ASTM equations. The objectives of this paper are as follows: (1) evaluate current ASTM test methods to determine splitting tensile strength using finite element analysis; (2) evaluate the splitting tensile strength of masonry assemblages through modifying an existing ASTM test; (3) evaluate the application of ASTM test methods to determine the splitting tensile strength of autoclaved aerated concrete; and (4) evaluate a proposed ASTM test to evaluate the splitting tensile strength of thin-bed mortar used in AAC construction. A case study of the splitting tensile strength of autoclaved aerated concrete is used to propose a single test method for this new material.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aDiagonal tension.
=650  \0$aMasonry units.
=650  \0$aMasonry.
=650  14$aSplitting tensile strength.
=650  24$aDiagonal tension.
=650  24$aAutoclaved aerated concrete.
=650  24$aAAC.
=650  24$aMasonry.
=650  24$aMasonry units.
=700  1\$aTanner, Jennifer E.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aVarela, Jorge L.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100446.htm

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=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100447$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100447$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA440
=082  04$a620.1/367$223
=100  1\$aBiggs, David T.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aType S Portland Cement-Lime Mortar as a Low-Lift Grout /$cDavid T. Biggs, Margaret L. Thomson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aSpecification for Grout for Masonry, ASTM C 476, allows grouts to be specified by a proportion method using the cementitious materials of portland cement, blended cement, hydrated or putty lime (with a 1/10 by volume limit), and aggregate. There is no limitation on slump values in ASTM but industry standards recommend a slump of 8 to 11 in. (203 to 279 mm). A second method of specifying grout is by its properties with a minimum 28-day compressive strength value of 2000 psi (13 790 kPa). It is not an uncommon practice, however, for masonry contractors to use portland cement-lime mortars in low-lift (less than 5 ft [1.52 m] height) applications at a consistency of bedding mortar or a pourable consistency. According to ASTM C 476, this application would neither meet the proportion specification because of too much lime nor the property specification because of too low a slump. This study, investigating the comparative compressive strength properties and reinforcement pull-out strength of Type S and Type N ASTM C 270 proportioned cement-lime mortars, ASTM C 476 grout, and grout with comparable hydrated lime proportions to a Type S mortar, supports the following conclusions: • Type S portland cement-lime mortar at a bedding mortar consistency will perform as grout in specific low-lift grouting applications. • Type S portland cement-lime mortar at a pourable consistency will perform as grout in specific low-lift grouting applications. • Type M portland cement-lime mortar at a bedding mortar consistency or pourable consistency could also be used as grout in specific low-lift grouting applications.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPull out test.
=650  \0$aCompressive strength.
=650  \0$aLow-lift grout.
=650  14$aLow-lift grout.
=650  24$aType S portland cement-lime mortar.
=650  24$aCompressive strength.
=650  24$aPull-out test.
=700  1\$aThomson, Margaret L.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100447.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
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=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100448$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100448$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA439
=082  04$a620.136$223
=100  1\$aAyala, NI.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aUsed Oil Derived Fuel Utilization for the Production of Portland Cement /$cNI. Ayala.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b8
=520  3\$aThe cement industry can assume a very important role in achieving a sustainable future. As the global population rises, the general public is placing an increased pressure on the conservation of essential natural resources such as land and nonrenewable energy sources with a need for more socially and environmentally sustainable development initiatives. Cement is one of the most important components of the infrastructure needed to support that sustainable development. The cement industry has been globally linked to those industries with extensive use of nonrenewable natural resources and with a high energy demand. It is well known that a cement plant needs between 80 kg to 150 kg of fuel and at least 100 kWh of electricity to produce one ton of cement. With such high energy demand, the cement industry has been searching and implementing several alternative fuel initiatives to increase energy efficiency and lower fuel and energy costs with many consequential environmental benefits. One of those clearly available fuel alternatives is used motor oil. In this study, the characteristics of used oil are measured through a detailed evaluation of fuel based on heating value, viscosity, and water content. The environmental benefits are measured through the evaluation of CO2 emission reduction and dioxin/furan stack testing.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCement $xCongresses.
=650  \0$aConcrete.
=650  \0$aSpent oil.
=650  \0$aUsed oil.
=650  \0$aDioxins.
=650  \0$aFurans.
=650  \0$aCement.
=650  14$aUsed oil.
=650  24$aCement.
=650  24$aSpent oil.
=650  24$aUsed oil derived fuel.
=650  24$aDioxins.
=650  24$aFurans.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100448.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
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=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100449$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100449$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA455.F55
=082  04$a363.72/88$223
=100  1\$aBhatty, JI.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aUtilization of Discarded Fly Ash as a Raw Material in the Production of Portland Cement /$cJI. Bhatty, J. Gajda, F. Botha, MM. Bryant.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aThis paper describes the high-volume use of fly ash as a raw material in the manufacture of Portland cement. This approach provides three critical benefits to cement manufacturing and the environment. First, being rich in silica, alumina, and iron, the fly ash can essentially replace raw materials in cement raw feed, such as shale and clay, which are otherwise mined or purchased. Second, the carbon content in fly ash can provide a fuel supplement for the energy-intensive cement manufacturing process. Finally, high-volume consumption of fly ash will reduce the annual volume of waste and improve the overall environment. This concept has been repeatedly demonstrated at commercial scale in which several hundred tons of dry fly ash with up to 20 % unburned carbon was used as a raw mix component in several cement plants in the Midwest. Prior to the demonstrations, the fly ash was evaluated for compatibility and fuel value to optimize its use (at rates up to 6 % of the raw mix). The demonstrations realized several material, operational, energy, and environmental benefits. The plant operations were efficient, stable, and predictable. The cement plants realized an approximate fuel savings of 4 % and a nearly 10 % increase in cement production. Cements produced from the demonstrations showed properties comparable to those of the normally produced cements. The demonstrations prove that using fly ash in this regard is beneficial to both cement plants and power plants, and the environment.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSOCIAL SCIENCE$xGeneral.
=650  \0$aFly ash $xEnvironmental aspects.
=650  \0$aCement manufacturing.
=650  \0$aCement testing.
=650  \0$aDiscarded fly ash.
=650  \0$aFly ash.
=650  \0$aHigh-carbon fly ash.
=650  \0$aClinker evaluation.
=650  \0$aEnergy conservation.
=650  \0$aEnvironments.
=650  \0$aRaw materials.
=650  \0$aFuel supplement.
=650  \0$aPortland cement.
=650  14$aFly ash.
=650  24$aHigh-carbon fly ash.
=650  24$aDiscarded fly ash.
=650  24$aPortland cement.
=650  24$aCement manufacturing.
=650  24$aRaw materials.
=650  24$aCement raw feed component.
=650  24$aFuel supplement.
=650  24$aCement testing.
=650  24$aClinker evaluation.
=650  24$aEnergy conservation.
=650  24$aEnvironments.
=700  1\$aGajda, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBotha, F.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBryant, MM.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100449.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100450
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=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100450$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100450$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aNA2542.4
=082  04$a720.28/8$223
=100  1\$aMasaoka, Y.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aNew Durable Sealant of Telechelic Polyacrylate /$cY. Masaoka, Y. Nakagawa, T. Hasegawa, H. Ando.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references.
=520  3\$aIn this paper, we discuss the application possibilities of a novel telechelic acrylic polymer (NTP) which we have been developing as a versatile base polymer for sealants and adhesives. Due to its unique features, our NTP is expected to offer a variety of applications, including the one for sealants applied in contact with self-cleaning glass (SCG). Our discussion here focuses on the possibilities of this particular application. SCG possesses a photocatalyst layer which enables two reactions, i.e., lessening the contact angle of the glass surface and decomposing organic compounds on the glass surface, by reacting with sunlight. The reactions help wash off dust from the glass surface, mainly by rainwater, to maintain the clearness and beauty of the glass used for building windows in particular. Conventional sealants for this application often lack sufficient weatherability or risk, or a combination thereof contaminating the glass surface causing hydrophobicity. The NTP sealants, on the other hand, has no surface-polluting substances such as a low-molecular-weight silicone often contained in silicone sealants, while maintaining high weatherability. We have conducted our research to study the weatherability of the NTP sealants on SCG and the possible contamination of the SCG surface by the sealants. Our studies have found that the NTP sealants retain good adhesiveness after more than 10 000 h of exposure to UV irradiation (in a Super Xenon Weather Meter) at the interface between the sealant and the glass. We also have found almost no contamination on the SCG surface by the NTP sealants, demonstrated by the results of our tests conducted to measure the contact angles of sealant samples to the glass, through outdoor exposure for about two months.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aTelechelic polyacrylate.
=650  \0$aContact angle.
=650  \0$aSelf-cleaning glass.
=650  14$aTelechelic polyacrylate.
=650  24$aSelf-cleaning glass.
=650  24$aContact angle.
=650  24$aSilyl-terminated polyacrylate.
=700  1\$aNakagawa, Y.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHasegawa, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAndo, H.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100450.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100451
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100451$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100451$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aHD1694.A5
=082  04$a333.91$223
=100  1\$aFernandez, P.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFrom Development to Implementation of Sustainable Concrete in a Precast Plant — A Case Study /$cP. Fernandez.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aThis paper describes the steps taken from development to full implementation, of the three most used concrete mixes, replacing 20% of the cement with ASTM-618 class C fly ash. A testing program was developed to identify the most critical variables that affect the performance against cement replacement, the variables were type of high range water reducer admixture and two types of fly ash. The second part of the program consisted of pouring a significant volume of concrete, using actual production practices, in order to obtain a history of 30 consecutive compressive strength tests per mix. A key factor on the success of this program was the use of a new generation of polycarboxylate admixtures, high early strength-high range water reducers, necessary to provide the required fluidity while reducing the watercement ratio without retarding the setting time. With the incorporation of a non-chloride accelerator, early compressive strengths up to 4200 psi (29 MPa) at 12 h were obtained. Since implementation, 6 months ago, the use of cement has been reduced by 4 600 000 lbs (2 100 000 kg) for the same volume of concrete.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aEngineering$xManagement.
=650  \0$aConcrete construction.
=650  \0$aPrecast concrete.
=650  \0$aSustainable concrete.
=650  \0$aEarly strength.
=650  \0$aFly ash.
=650  14$aFly ash.
=650  24$aPrecast concrete.
=650  24$aEarly strength.
=650  24$aSustainable concrete.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100451.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100458
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100458$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100458$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTE5.3.H5
=082  04$a388$223
=100  1\$aWilliams, BA.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCriterion Test for Method Selection in Determining the Bulk Specific Gravity of Hot-Mix Asphalt /$cBA. Williams, JP. Bausano, RC. Williams.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aA number of test methods are available to measure the bulk specific gravity of compacted hot-mix asphalt (HMA). The most commonly used test method, ASTM D 2726 [1], was designed for use with specimens that do not contain open or interconnected air voids such as dense-graded HMA mixtures. Coarse and open-graded HMA mixes are known for their open or interconnected void space. The current method for addressing coarse and open-graded mixes, ASTM D 1188 [2], can lead to erroneous bulk specific gravity measurements. Thus a nondestructive vacuum sealing method (ASTM D 6752) [3] was developed to address HMA mixtures that contain open or interconnected air voids. The objective of this research is to define the point at which the vacuum sealing method (ASTM D 6752) [3] more accurately measures the bulk specific gravity of an HMA specimen as compared to the conventional test (ASTM D 2726) [1] utilizing the saturated surface dry (SSD) method. Permeability (ASTM PS 129-01) [4] measures an HMA mixture's ability to allow moisture to pass through it, which in turn is related to the mixture's connectivity of void space. For this reason permeability was chosen as the fundamental property to investigate. ASTM PS 129-01 [4] is hypothesized as a criterion test for method selection in determining the appropriate bulk specific gravity test for coarse-graded HMA mixtures. One hundred and thirty-four field compacted roadway cores from 28 paving projects throughout the State of Michigan were evaluated using the vacuum sealing method and conventional SSD method of determining the bulk specific gravity of compacted HMA. These cores were then tested using a falling head permeability apparatus. It was determined that the bulk specific gravity of compacted HMA fine-graded mixes using the vacuum sealing method and conventional method are statistically the same. There is a difference in bulk specific gravity measurements when using the two bulk specific gravity tests on coarse-graded mixtures for roadway cores when the air void level is above 5.1 %. Thus the air void/permeability relationship was used to determine the coefficient of permeability at which the vacuum sealing method provides a more accurate measurement of the bulk specific gravity. This value was found to be 3.7×10-6 cm/s.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBulk-specific gravity.
=650  \0$aCoreLok.
=650  \0$aHot-mix asphalt.
=650  \0$aBulk specific gravity.
=650  \0$aPermeability.
=650  14$aPermeability.
=650  24$aBulk specific gravity.
=650  24$aCoreLok.
=650  24$aHot-mix asphalt.
=700  1\$aBausano, JP.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWilliams, RC.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100458.htm

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=001  JAI100459
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=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100459$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100459$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTX609
=082  04$a641.4/4$223
=100  1\$aWilkes, Kenneth E.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffects of Drying Conditions, Phase Transformations, and Carbonation Reactions on Measurements of Sorption Isotherms of Building Materials /$cKenneth E. Wilkes, Jerry A. Atchley, Phillip W. Childs, Andre Desjarlais.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aThe sorption isotherm is one of the basic material properties used in hygrothermal modeling of building envelope performance. Measurement of this property is deceptively simple. Specimens are first dried and then exposed to a series of higher relative humidities to develop a curve of moisture content versus relative humidity at constant temperature. This paper discusses some confounding effects that we have observed while performing measurements on a number of common building materials. Materials studied included gypsum products, wood and wood products, and cementitious materials.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHygrothermal Properties.
=650  \0$aWood.
=650  \0$aGypsum.
=650  \0$aSorption isotherm.
=650  \0$aWood products.
=650  \0$aCement.
=650  14$aSorption isotherm.
=650  24$aGypsum.
=650  24$aWood.
=650  24$aWood products.
=650  24$aCement.
=650  24$aHygrothermal properties.
=700  1\$aAtchley, Jerry A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aChilds, Phillip W.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDesjarlais, Andre,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100459.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100460
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100460$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100460$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.9.C6
=082  04$a624.1/8$223
=100  1\$aHens, Hugo S. L. C.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aModeling the Heat, Air, and Moisture Response of Building Envelopes :$bWhat Material Properties are Needed, How Trustful Are the Predictions? /$cHugo S. L. C. Hens.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b34
=520  3\$aThe physical models which form the basis for the different software tools used to predict heat, air, and moisture response of building envelopes seem quite diverse. For example, various “potentials” are used, and each individual potential demands apparently different properties. Anyhow, when digging into the physics and confronting the theory with what is measurable, then an array of eight basic material characteristics appear, all backed by an experimental rationale. Adapting that array to the potentials in use is not a question of creating new properties but of implementing the basic ones into potential-adapted expressions. A different problem, however, is that these basic properties are macroscopic in nature, i.e., represent the complexity of a material at the micro-scale by one single “average” number. That introduces restrictions as to the use of the property values measured experimentally. Hence, those restrictions are typically mixed up with the inability of the actual software packages to represent reality in full detail. Too many times, assumed incorrectness of the property values are blamed for causing the differences found between the predicted and real heat, air, moisture response of envelope parts. That inability, instead, should convince researchers and building engineers that the way to gain a well balanced understanding of the heat, air, and moisture response of envelopes is not by modeling only but by combining modeling with testing and field experience.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAir and moisture transfer.
=650  \0$aApplication.
=650  \0$aMaterial properties.
=650  \0$aModels.
=650  \0$aHeat.
=650  14$aHeat.
=650  24$aAir and moisture transfer.
=650  24$aModels.
=650  24$aMaterial properties.
=650  24$aApplication.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100460.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100462
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100462$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100462$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA438
=082  04$a620.135$223
=100  1\$aMollamahmutoğlu, Murat,$eauthor.
=245  10$aGrouting Performance of Microfine Cement and Silica Fume Mix into Sands /$cMurat Mollamahmutoğlu, Yüksel Yılmaz, İhsan Kutlu.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b17
=520  3\$aThe aim of this study is to investigate the groutability of a microfine cement and silica fume mix grout into fine to medium sands. The basic rheological properties of the cement and silica fume mix suspension (microfine cement: 90 % of solids by weight and silica fume: 10 % of solids by weight) with water/solid ratio of 1.0 are first determined. In addition, penetration performance of the suspension into fine to medium sand specimens having different relative densities is investigated. Unconfined compression and permeability tests were performed on the grouted specimens. It is found that the unconfined compressive strengths of sand specimens permeated the grout mix were higher than those of sand specimens permeated with cement but without silica fume additive. Permeability tests on specimens permeated with cement/silica fume revealed that the permeability in these specimens is lower than that of specimens permeated with cement only.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCement composites.
=650  \0$aPolymer-impregnated cement.
=650  \0$aUnconfined.
=650  \0$aSilica fume.
=650  \0$aGrouting.
=650  \0$aCompression strength.
=650  \0$aMicrofine cement.
=650  \0$aPermeability.
=650  14$aGrouting.
=650  24$aMicrofine cement.
=650  24$aSilica fume.
=650  24$aPermeability.
=650  24$aUnconfined.
=650  24$aCompression strength.
=700  1\$aYılmaz, Yüksel,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKutlu, İhsan,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100462.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100464
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100464$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100464$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.7
=082  04$a620/.44$223
=100  1\$aTakarli, Mokhfi,$eauthor.
=245  10$aTemperature Effects on Physical Properties and Mechanical Behavior of Granite :$bExperimental Investigation of Material Damage /$cMokhfi Takarli, William Prince-Agbodjan.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b24
=520  3\$aIn this paper, the effect of thermal treatment on physical and mechanical properties of a granitic rock is experimentally investigated. The open porosity, gas permeability, P-wave velocity (and their attenuation), ultimate strength, and Young’s modulus are measured on samples heated at temperatures ranging from 105°C to 600°C. First, results show good correlations between the evolution of physical properties and the amount of the damage induced by the thermal treatment. Second, the mechanical parameters are shown to be dependent on the microcracks’ density in the samples. The effect of temperature on the failure process in granite is also investigated using strain gauge measurements and permeability evolution in a uniaxial compressive test. The results show that the extent of the crack closure stage depends on the initial crack density and that the crack thresholds, which characterize the failure process of the rock under compressive loading, decrease with the thermal treatment.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aGranite.
=650  \0$aThermal damage.
=650  \0$aFailure process.
=650  \0$aMechanical properties.
=650  \0$aPhysical properties.
=650  14$aGranite.
=650  24$aThermal damage.
=650  24$aPhysical properties.
=650  24$aMechanical properties.
=650  24$aFailure process.
=700  1\$aPrince-Agbodjan, William,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100464.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100465
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100465$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100465$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTJ266
=082  04$a621.406$223
=100  1\$aLivingstone, GJ.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPhysical, Performance, and Chemical Changes in Turbine Oils from Oxidation /$cGJ. Livingstone, BT. Thompson, ME. Okazaki.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (18 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b17
=520  3\$aOne of the primary factors in determining the life and performance of turbine oils is its oxidation stability. Oxidation can cause a host of problems for in-service turbine oils, such as sludge, deposits, lacquer, and varnish formation. There is limited published research on the performance of turbine oils once oxidation begins. This paper presents data on the relationship between several turbine oil characteristics during the oxidation process by focusing on the measurable physical and chemical changes that occur. Five turbine oils were chosen, each employing different antioxidants and base oil refining technologies to represent a typical selection of commercially available turbine oils. A 49-day experiment was completed in which the oils were subjected to a controlled and accelerated oxidative process under laboratory conditions. Throughout the testing period, samples were drawn and a range of chemical, physical, and performance tests were performed. The data obtained from this experiment identify several correlations that relate to the performance of each oil. These data are useful in understanding the relationship between turbine oil oxidation and fluid performance and will help end-users in selecting and optimizing their turbine lubricant.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSludge.
=650  \0$aMonitoring.
=650  \0$aVarnish.
=650  \0$aCondition.
=650  \0$aOxidation.
=650  \0$aAnti-oxidants.
=650  \0$aOil analysis.
=650  \0$aTurbine oils.
=650  \0$aDeposit.
=650  14$aAnti-oxidants.
=650  24$aOxidation.
=650  24$aTurbine oils.
=650  24$aVarnish.
=650  24$aSludge.
=650  24$aLacquer.
=650  24$aDeposit.
=650  24$aCondition.
=650  24$aMonitoring.
=650  24$aOil analysis.
=700  1\$aThompson, BT.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aOkazaki, ME.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100465.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100466
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100466$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100466$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTD194.6
=082  04$a333.793214$223
=100  1\$aSmith, Peter W. R.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aModern Turbine Oil Oxidation Performance Limits—Meeting and Measuring Them—A Shell Perspective /$cPeter W. R. Smith.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b10
=520  3\$aThis paper outlines some of the significant changes in turbine oil oxidative stability requirements over the past five to ten years, and illustrates how these have been met using mineral oil-based products with differing antioxidant systems. It also considers possible future requirements and how these may be met. Use of a modified Federal Test Method 5308, and ASTM tests D 2272, D 4310, and D 943 in formulating new turbine oils and evaluating their oxidative stability is also described and contrasted. An example of oil condition monitoring on a used turbine oil from the field to assess its oxidative degradation is also given.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPerformance.
=650  \0$aTurbine oil.
=650  \0$aOxidation.
=650  \0$aPower generation.
=650  \0$aAntioxidant.
=650  14$aTurbine oil.
=650  24$aOxidation.
=650  24$aPower generation.
=650  24$aAntioxidant.
=650  24$aPerformance.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100466.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100469
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100469$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100469$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK9178
=082  04$a621.48/3$223
=100  1\$aNorcott, Jill E.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDetermination of Failure Criteria for Electric Cables Exposed to Fire for Use in a Nuclear Power Plant Risk Analysis /$cJill E. Norcott, Thomas K. Blanchat.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (18 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aThe vulnerability of electrical cables exposed to a fire environment is of particular concern to the nuclear power plant community. The community is interested in data that could be used for predicting cable failures during a fire situation. For this reason, a cable test program was conducted using two different types of cable insulation. Several different exposure heat fluxes were tested, as well as different test arrangements such as cable trays and conduits. The program revealed that a single failure temperature for all cable types is not recommended, but if it is necessary a reasonable temperature could be chosen for the thermosets tested in this project.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFire.
=650  \0$aInsulation resistance.
=650  \0$aNuclear power plant.
=650  14$aCable.
=650  24$aNuclear power plant.
=650  24$aFire.
=650  24$aInsulation resistance.
=700  1\$aBlanchat, Thomas K.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100469.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100480
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100480$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100480$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA404.6
=082  04$a620.11$223
=100  1\$aPilone, D.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCyclic Oxidation Behavior of Co-rolled Al-Ferritic Stainless Steel /$cD. Pilone, F. Felli, U. Bernabai.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aThe lifetime of thin-walled catalyst-carrying foils is directly linked to the overall amount of aluminum present in the base alloy. Ferritic stainless steel containing more than 7 wt. % of Al represents an interesting material for the production of substrates in catalytic converters because of its good corrosion resistance at high temperature. Despite that, the considerable brittleness of the alloy makes production by means of traditional metallurgical processes difficult. Enriching the steel surface with aluminum avoids these problems and due to the high superficial aluminum concentration, enhances the Al2O3 scale formation in the early stages of the oxidation process. Among several techniques, the co-rolling process appears to be a promising technology for enriching ferritic stainless steel surfaces with aluminum without affecting the structural and mechanical properties of the substrate. This process involves cold rolling the annealed AISI 430 ferritic stainless steel together with aluminum foil to form an Al-steel-Al sandwich. After a preoxidation treatment the resultant assemblies were subjected to cyclic oxidation in air. Their oxidation behavior was then characterized by the weight gain versus the number of cycle curves. Oxides were examined by SEM and the phases were identified by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results highlight that in the lower range of temperatures (T<900°C) the oxide layer appears to be very adherent, even after 1000 cycles. While at temperatures higher than 900°C, the scale is characterized by convolutions and spalls off after a few hundred cycles.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aOxidation resistance.
=650  \0$aAlumina coating.
=650  \0$aCo-rolling.
=650  \0$aThermal cycling.
=650  \0$aCatalytic converter.
=650  14$aAlumina coating.
=650  24$aCo-rolling.
=650  24$aSolid state diffusion.
=650  24$aCatalytic converter.
=650  24$aOxidation resistance.
=650  24$aThermal cycling.
=700  1\$aFelli, F.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBernabai, U.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100480.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100481
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100481$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100481$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK9001
=082  04$a621.48$223
=100  1\$aDawson, H.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aInelastic Dynamic Response of Curtainwall Systems to Blast Loading /$cH. Dawson, R. Smilowitz.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (5 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b2
=520  3\$aBlast-resistant curtainwall systems require laminated glass that is adequately adhered to the mullions to develop the membrane capacity of the glass, as well as mullions that are capable of transferring the collected forces to the structural slabs. Dynamic inelastic analyses are required to determine the response of curtainwalls to highly impulsive blast loading. The most economical way to minimize the hazard to occupants is to allow the glass to undergo large deformations prior to dismemberment and fragmentation. Curtainwall performance is often evaluated using a sequence of single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) analyses. The glass is represented as an SDOF to determine the reaction forces, which are then applied to SDOF analyses of the mullions. These individual calculations represent the dynamic inelastic response of the glass and mullions, but often neglect their interaction and phasing. As a result, SDOF methods tend to overpredict the response of the curtainwall components, resulting in an uneconomical design. Dynamic inelastic finite element analyses that account for the interaction of the glass and mullions and accurately represent the potential failure mechanisms provide the most accurate evaluation, leading to the most economical design for blast-resistant curtainwall systems. In addition to material nonlinearities, the finite element analyses also account for geometric stiffening of the components, therefore producing more accurate anchorage forces to be developed at the slabs.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aElectrical and Electronic Engineering.
=700  1\$aSmilowitz, R.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100481.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100482
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100482$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100482$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aHD62.4
=082  04$a658.4072$223
=100  1\$aLawless, JM.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSmall-Building Defense Against Terrorism 016 /$cJM. Lawless, WH. Gumpertz.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b14
=520  3\$aSophisticated methods for defense against terrorism have been devised, used, or planned to protect important and exposed facilities of the U.S. government and industry. This paper attempts to expose methods of protection for secondary targets that also need defense against violent crimes, riots (violent civil disobedience), and direct or indirect acts of ferrorism. These secondary or collateral targets require a different (and more modest) approach as those for which large setbacks and significant hardening is justified. We present some examples of secondary protection based on risk assessment and various defense mechanisms appropriate for buildings with modest resources and defense possibilities.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aTerrorism.
=650  \0$aDefense.
=650  \0$aFire.
=650  \0$aStructural upgrading.
=650  \0$aBombs.
=650  \0$aShelters.
=650  \0$aWindows.
=650  \0$aSecurity.
=650  14$aBombs.
=650  24$aFire.
=650  24$aDefense.
=650  24$aSecurity.
=650  24$aShelters.
=650  24$aStructural upgrading.
=650  24$aTerrorism.
=650  24$aWindows.
=700  1\$aGumpertz, WH.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100482.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100484
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100484$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100484$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTG310
=082  04$a625.7$223
=100  1\$aChen, J-S,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDevelopment of Pavement Smoothness Index Relationship /$cJ-S Chen, C-C Huang.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b10
=520  3\$aIn its pursuit for providing smooth pavements, the Directorate General of Highways in Taiwan is developing and implementing ride quality specification as part of the construction assurance program. The straightedge and the profiler were used to measure pavement smoothness on 561 test sections. Probability distribution analysis showed that measurements of pavement smoothness of both devices follow the normal distribution. Smoothness specifications for construction quality control were developed for straightedge and profiler, respectively. The full-pay range is 1.36 to 2.45 mm and 2.16 to 3.65 m/km for straightedge and profiler, respectively. The smoothness relationship between straightedge and profiler was developed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSmoothness specification.
=650  \0$aStraightedge.
=650  \0$aProfiler.
=650  14$aStraightedge.
=650  24$aProfiler.
=650  24$aSmoothness specification.
=700  1\$aHuang, C-C,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100484.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100485
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100485$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100485$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA462
=082  04$a665.5$223
=100  1\$aJones, K.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffect of Microstructure on Pit-to-Crack Transition of 7075-T6 Aluminum Alloy /$cK. Jones, DW. Hoeppner.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aThe focus of this research was to gain an increased understanding of how microstructure influences pit growth, pit-to-crack transition, and critical crack propagation to fracture. Two thicknesses of 7075-T6 aluminum alloy were etched and subjected to corrosion fatigue in a 3.5% sodium chloride environment. 7075-T6 aluminum alloy is of particular interest to the aging aircraft community, as this alloy has been used extensively on wing and fuselage structures for both military and commercial aircraft in the past. Testing was interrupted at various intervals to obtain information on pit generation, growth, and potential cracking. Results indicated that microstructure has a significant influence on pit-to-crack transition and fatigue crack propagation. Short cracks (<100 μm) in a corrosion fatigue environment were strongly influenced by grain boundaries and crystallographic grain orientation. Constituent particles competed with corrosion pits as critical crack nucleation sites. Post-fracture analysis confirmed the presence of noncritical cracks within the corroded region, related to pitting and constituent particles.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCorrosion fatigue.
=650  \0$aAluminum.
=650  \0$aPitting corrosion.
=650  14$aAluminum.
=650  24$aCorrosion fatigue.
=650  24$aPitting corrosion.
=650  24$aSEM.
=700  1\$aHoeppner, DW.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100485.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100486
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100486$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100486$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTE251.5
=082  04$a625.8$223
=100  1\$aLi, S.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aRealistic Approach for Enhancing Reliability of Pavement Surface Friction Testing /$cS. Li, S. Noureldin, K. Zhu.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b6
=520  3\$aThis paper presents the state-of-the-practice by the Indiana Department of Transportation (INDOT) in enhancing the reliability of pavement friction testing with the ASTM Standard E 274-97 [1] locked wheel tester. In order to detect the potential changes in system performance, INDOT conducts weekly and monthly system verification on a special friction test track. A multiparameter method has been used in assessing the performance of the locked wheel tester. This method cross examines the sample mean, the standard deviation, and the coefficient of variations of the friction measurements saved in a dynamic friction database that is upgraded after each verification testing. It was found that the system performance of the locked wheel tester varies with the type of test tire and pavement surface characteristics. The smooth tire produces greater friction variations than the ribbed tire. As pavement surface becomes rougher, friction variations decrease. A realistic approach has been established for verifying system performance.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSystem performance.
=650  \0$aFriction test track.
=650  \0$aPavement friction.
=650  \0$aLocked wheel tester.
=650  \0$aReliability.
=650  14$aPavement friction.
=650  24$aLocked wheel tester.
=650  24$aSystem performance.
=650  24$aReliability.
=650  24$aFriction test track.
=700  1\$aNoureldin, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aZhu, K.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100486.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100487
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100487$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100487$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA455.F55
=082  04$a363.72/88$223
=100  1\$aFox, JM.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Line Method for Petrographic Determination of the Quantity of Fly Ash and Ground-granulated Blast Furnace Slag in Hardened Concrete and Blended Cement /$cJM. Fox, PT. Miller.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b17
=520  3\$aResearch was undertaken using thin sections and immersion mounts with the objective of using a modified line count procedure for the quantitative petrographic determination of fly ash and ground-granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS) in hardened concrete and blended cements. The line method used in this study is a variation of standard microscopic point count methods and yields an average number frequency that is a linear function of the weight percent of fly ash or GGBFS of total cementitious materials. Multiple traverses were counted on thin sections of concrete over areas of paste only and in immersion slides of blended cements containing known amounts of fly ash and GGBFS. The average number of particles in a traverse was computed, the traverse length being equal to the width of the field of view of the petrographic microscope. For hardened concrete, only pozzolan particles were counted. For blended cements, all particles were counted and the ratio of pozzolan particles to total particles was determined. A linear relationship between the average number of pozzolan particles for a traverse line and the weight percent of pozzolan makes it possible to estimate the fly ash and GGBFS content of unknowns. Results of the research indicate that the line method is a rapid and accurate method for petrographic determination of fly ash and GGBFS in hardened concrete and blended cements. This technique and variations of it have been used by other researchers and it has the potential to be a standard test procedure.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSOCIAL SCIENCE$xGeneral.
=650  \0$aFly ash $xEnvironmental aspects.
=650  \0$aFly ash.
=650  \0$aQuantification.
=650  \0$aConcrete petrography.
=650  14$aFly ash.
=650  24$aGround-granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS)
=650  24$aConcrete petrography.
=650  24$aQuantification.
=700  1\$aMiller, PT.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100487.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100489
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100489$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100489$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aHF1008
=082  04$a658$223
=100  1\$aOlsen, Kirk W.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFatigue Crack Growth Analyses of Aerospace Threaded Fasteners—Part III :$bExperimental Crack Growth Behavior /$cKirk W. Olsen, Clare M. Rimnac.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b23
=520  3\$aBecause fatigue crack growth in a threaded fastener can cause the loss of an aircraft, damage tolerant analyses are required. Because designers commonly perform crack growth analyses on stainless steel fasteners with scant data or simplifying assumptions, or both, the objective of this research was to determine the stress intensity multiplication factor (Y) in the threads of a nut loaded, stainless steel, aerospace, roll-threaded bolt under tensile fatigue conditions as the nondimensionalized crack depth (a/d) approaches zero. Y(a/d) can then be used to improve the accuracy of fatigue crack growth life estimations. Unflawed and flawed aerospace bolts were fatigue tested at a maximum stress (S) ranging from the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) to the surface endurance limit of the test bolt and at several loading ratios of 0.1⩽R⩽0.9. Data collection from the fracture surfaces yielded crack front shape characterization and striation spacing. The shape of the crack front in the unflawed and flawed test bolts was different and both changed as the crack grew. Fifty-one striation spacing measurements ranging from 5.6×10−5 to 7.9×10−4 mm were found at crack depths of a/d>0.035. These striation measurements were directly related to crack growth rates so that stress intensity factor ranges (ΔK) and in turn Y(a/d) could be estimated.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCrack front shape.
=650  \0$aFatigue crack growth.
=650  \0$aAerospace bolts.
=650  \0$aRolled threads.
=650  14$aAerospace bolts.
=650  24$aFatigue crack growth.
=650  24$aStress intensity multiplication factor.
=650  24$aRolled threads.
=650  24$aCrack front shape.
=700  1\$aRimnac, Clare M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100489.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100490
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100490$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100490$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN693.I7
=082  04$a669/.96/142$223
=100  1\$aOlsen, Kirk W.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFatigue Crack Growth Analyses of Aerospace Threaded Fasteners—Part II :$bMaterial/Stress State and Bolt Strength /$cKirk W. Olsen, Clare M. Rimnac, Douglas W. Ferrell, Carl E. Garrett.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (19 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b57
=520  3\$aBecause fatigue failure in a threaded fastener can cause the loss of an aircraft, fatigue strength analyses are required. Understanding the material and stress state within the threads of the bolt was one objective of this research because this information would provide insight into the cyclic strength of the bolt. The second objective was to determine the fatigue strength in the threads of a nut-loaded, stainless steel, aerospace, roll-threaded bolt under tensile fatigue conditions. The resulting S-N curves can then be used to improve the accuracy of fatigue life estimations. X-ray diffraction was used to determine the residual stress in the thread root of the test bolts while light and scanning electron microscopy were used to image the thread root grain structure. Unflawed and flawed aerospace bolts were fatigue tested at a maximum stress (S) ranging from the ultimate tensile strength (UTS) to the surface endurance limit of the test bolt and at several loading ratios between 0.0<R<1.0. The cycles to failure (Nf) and corresponding stress (S) were recorded for 143 specimens.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMetallographic properties.
=650  \0$aBolt fatigue strength.
=650  \0$aBolt static strength.
=650  \0$aAerospace bolts.
=650  \0$aResidual stress.
=650  14$aAerospace bolts.
=650  24$aBolt fatigue strength.
=650  24$aBolt static strength.
=650  24$aRolled thread metallographic properties.
=650  24$aResidual stress.
=700  1\$aRimnac, Clare M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFerrell, Douglas W.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGarrett, Carl E.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100490.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100491
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100491$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100491$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA460
=082  04$a620.1/126$223
=100  1\$aOlsen, Kirk W.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFatigue Crack Growth Analyses of Aerospace Threaded Fasteners—Part I :$bState-of-Practice Bolt Crack Growth Analyses Methods /$cKirk W. Olsen.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b53
=520  3\$aTo perform accurate crack growth analyses on roll-threaded fasteners, aerospace designers are required to estimate fatigue crack growth in the threads of a nut-loaded, roll-threaded bolt under tensile fatigue conditions. Threaded fasteners are difficult to analyze due to their asymmetrical geometry and fastener fatigue crack growth data are scant, especially for nondimensionalized crack depths of (a/d)<0.1. Thus, aerospace designers must make simplifying assumptions and perform analyses with presumably conservative methods. History has shown that improper design assumptions/methods on other critical aircraft components has led to catastrophic failures. Because many fasteners are flight safety critical, their analyses must be accurate. Five leading methods to determine the stress intensity multiplication factor, Y(a/d), for threaded fasteners, based on experimental data, analytic equations, or FE methods, or a combination there of, are compared. By comparing and considering these five methods together, critical observations are made to guide future research based on these state-of-practice Y(a/d) solution methods.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFatigue crack growth.
=650  \0$aAerospace bolts.
=650  \0$aRolled threads.
=650  14$aAerospace bolts.
=650  24$aFatigue crack growth.
=650  24$aStress intensity multiplication factor.
=650  24$aRolled threads.
=650  24$aGeometric correction factor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100491.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100493
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100493$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100493$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA417.2
=082  04$a620.1127$223
=100  1\$aOlsen, Kirk W.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFatigue Crack Growth Analyses of Aerospace Threaded Fasteners—Part IV :$bNumeric Analyses and Synthesis of All Results /$cKirk W. Olsen, Clare M. Rimnac, Paul A. Wawrzynek, Bruce J. Carter.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (27 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b31
=520  3\$aThe objective of this research was to determine the stress intensity multiplication factor (Y), as a function of the nondimensionalized crack depth (a/d), in the threads of a nut-loaded, aerospace, roll-threaded bolt under tensile fatigue conditions as a/d approaches zero. The proposed Y(a/d) solution can be used to improve fatigue crack growth life estimations. The research objectives were achieved through bolt material/stress state characterization, cyclic testing, and numeric modeling. The fracture analysis code FRANC3D was used because it could predict crack front shape and stress intensity factor (K). The numeric models predicted a changing crack front and stress intensity factors similar to the test data. The numeric studies accounted for the residual stresses measured by X-ray diffraction within the thread root of the test bolts. The FRANC3D model predicted Y(a/d) at shallow crack depths in the range of 0.01<a/d<0.11. By curve fitting the numeric and experimental data, a new Y(a/d) solution was determined: Y(a/d)=3079(a/d)6−6779(a/d)5+5757(a/d)4−2340(a/d)3+478.6(a/d)2−46.94(a/d)+2.506. The use of this Y(a/d) solution produces conservative crack growth life estimates relative to popular/benchmark methods. Based on test bolt fatigue data, greater accuracy may be possible with this Y(a/d) solution.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aStress intensity factor.
=650  \0$aFatigue crack growth.
=650  \0$aAerospace bolts.
=650  \0$aRolled threads.
=650  14$aAerospace bolts.
=650  24$aFatigue crack growth.
=650  24$aStress intensity multiplication factor.
=650  24$aRolled threads.
=650  24$aFRANC3D.
=700  1\$aRimnac, Clare M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWawrzynek, Paul A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aCarter, Bruce J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100493.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100496
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100496$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100496$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA353
=082  04$a620.105$223
=100  1\$aLiao, Y-S,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Effects of Load Soak Control on the Wear of UHMWPE at Various Hydration Levels in a Joint Simulation Study /$cY-S Liao, M. Hanes.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (5 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b5
=520  3\$aThe study was to investigate the effects of various hydration levels on the wear of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) in a hip simulation testing, and to assess the effect of load soak control on the implant wear rates. Three types of polyethylene liners (28 mm ID) made from GUR 1050 UHMWPE bars were evaluated: noncrosslinked (XL0), gamma irradiated (thermally-treated) at nominal doses of 5 and 10 Mrads (XL5 and XL10, respectively). Three hydration processes were applied: (1) presoaked in water for four weeks, i.e., standard protocol; (2) exposed in air for four weeks; and (3) presoaked in water at 900 psi (approximately 60 atm) in a pressurized chamber for three weeks. Six groups of interest were selected and tested on a hip simulator with load soak control stations. The group that was subjected to 900 psi pressure gained 11.9 ± 0.4 mg of water after three weeks, which was about eight times the groups that presoaked in water. After the wear simulation started, the highly hydrated group lost almost 10 mg during the first 0.5-million cycle interval, which was due to the pumping motion of the load soak stations. All soak control liners achieved similar hydration levels after one million cycles of testing. The overall wear rating was inversely related to the amount of crosslinking. Without load soak correction, the initial wear rate of XL5 with pressurized soaking was twice the corrected wear; however, the wear rate remained similar after one million cycles with or without corrections.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aLoad soak control.
=650  \0$aWear simulation.
=650  \0$aHydration levels.
=650  14$aWear simulation.
=650  24$aUHMWPE.
=650  24$aLoad soak control.
=650  24$aHydration levels.
=700  1\$aHanes, M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100496.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100498
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100498$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100498$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA331
=082  04$a620.001/51$223
=100  1\$aScheffler, Gregor,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEvaluation of Functional Approaches to Describe the Moisture Diffusivity of Building Materials /$cGregor Scheffler, John Grunewald, Rudolf Plagge.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b19
=520  3\$aWith a set of material parameters and a material model called engineering model of hygrothermal material characteristics, both proposed in (Scheffler, 2004), the material functions used for input to hygrothermal building component simulation programs can be adjusted. Using inverse identification of functional parameters by simulation of laboratory experiments, the model is calibrated to reproduce measured water uptake and drying curves. The developed material functions contain an approach to describe the liquid water conductivity of building materials. In addition, moisture storage data approximated by a GAUSSian functional approach, showing sufficient flexibility in the whole moisture range, is available. There with the derivative of the moisture retention curve is known at high precision and the liquid water diffusivity can be derived, too. There exists a wide interest in applicable material functions based on literature data. But literature reviews of hygrothermal material parameters often yield incomplete datasets and experimentally determined curves are lacking or are available at lower accuracy only. Different authors introduced several diffusivity approaches requiring less input parameters for description of liquid water transport in building materials. These models are evaluated by means of diffusivity data derived from the calibrated liquid water conductivity function of the engineering model. A selection of four accurately measured materials is used for this investigation. The investigation is based on controlled laboratory data of high resolution. With the knowledge gained from this study, the uncertainties in interpretation of incomplete datasets frequently encountered in literature reviews shall be reduced.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHygrothermal Simulation.
=650  \0$aFailure criteria.
=650  \0$aMoisture storage.
=650  \0$aFunctional approach.
=650  \0$aMaterial functions.
=650  \0$aDiffusivity.
=650  14$aDiffusivity.
=650  24$aHygrothermal material characteristics.
=650  24$aMoisture storage.
=650  24$aMoisture retention curve.
=650  24$aLiquid water conductivity.
=650  24$aLiquid water diffusivity.
=650  24$aMaterial functions.
=650  24$aFunctional approach.
=700  1\$aGrunewald, John,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPlagge, Rudolf,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100498.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100502
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100502$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100502$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA462
=082  04$a620.162$223
=100  1\$aYang, B.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aNew Electrochemical Methods for the Evaluation of Localized Corrosion in Engine Coolants /$cB. Yang, FJ. Marinho, AV. Gershun.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b22
=520  3\$aDue to the need of increasing energy efficiency, reducing pollution and lessening dependency on petroleum, vehicles using more advanced propulsion technologies such as fuel cell and hybrid electric (e.g., gasoline-electric or diesel-electric hybrid) power are being developed constantly. At the same time, extensive development efforts are being devoted to research aiming to increase the use of lighter metals such as magnesium alloys in today's engines. New engine coolants are often required to meet many of these new developments and the associated changes in cooling system requirements. Since corrosion protection is one of the key performance parameters for engine coolants, new and more effective corrosion measurement methods are useful for evaluating old and developing new coolants to meet the needs of new cooling systems or having improved corrosion protection performance, or both. Particularly, new electrochemical methods capable of more reliable, quantitative, and fast (ideally, real-time) measurements of localized corrosion such as pitting, crevice, and under-deposit corrosion, and corrosion under heat rejecting conditions are highly desired. Existing ASTM test methods for engine coolants either rely on inspection of the sample after a relatively long exposure period to determine the extent of localized attack or do not yield results directly related to localized corrosion. In this paper, coupled multi-electrode sensors test and simulated localized corrosion cell technique are compared and discussed to gain new insight for facilitating the development of more effective inhibited coolants.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aLocalized.
=650  \0$aCrevice.
=650  \0$aPitting.
=650  \0$aAluminum.
=650  \0$aGalvanic corrosion.
=650  \0$aAntifreeze/coolant.
=650  14$aAntifreeze/coolant.
=650  24$aLocalized.
=650  24$aPitting.
=650  24$aCrevice.
=650  24$aGalvanic corrosion.
=650  24$aAluminum.
=700  1\$aMarinho, FJ.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGershun, AV.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100502.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100504
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100504$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100504$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.7
=082  04$a620/.44$223
=100  1\$aRoach, MD.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aComparison of the Corrosion Fatigue Characteristics of 23Mn-21Cr-1Mo Low Nickel, 22Cr-13Ni-5Mn, and 18Cr-14Ni-2.5Mo Stainless Steels /$cMD. Roach, RS. Williamson, LD. Zardiackas.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b22
=520  3\$aThe purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the notched corrosion fatigue (CF) characteristics of a series of stainless steel alloys including 18Cr-14Ni-2.5Mo (ASTM F 138), 22Cr-13Ni-5Mn (ASTM F 1314), and 23Mn-21Cr-1Mo low nickel stainless steel (ASTM F 2229). Evaluation of alloy composition, microstructure, static single cycle mechanical properties, stress corrosion cracking, and smooth sample corrosion fatigue was performed on the same lots of each material in a previous study in our laboratories. Notched CF tensile samples of each alloy were machined using low stress grind techniques to a 2.5 mm notch root diameter (Kt=3.2) and tested at 1 Hz according to ASTM F 1801 in Ringer's solution at 37°C. A minimum of three samples was tested at five tension-tension sinusoidal load levels including a run-out level at 106 cycles. SEM analysis was performed on the fractured surfaces of representative samples of each alloy to characterize and compare the failure mechanisms. Previous evaluation of corrosion fatigue on smooth samples of these alloys found no significant differences in the fracture modes or cycles to failure between the samples run in distilled deionized water and those run in Ringer's solution indicating corrosion fatigue mechanisms were not in effect. However, a significant lowering of fatigue strength was observed for the notched samples of each alloy compared to the smooth samples previously tested. This suggests that even though the notch sensitivity of these alloys under static single cycle conditions has been shown to be acceptable, a notch under dynamic fatigue mechanisms may cause a substantial reduction in strength and implant life. Despite this reduction in fatigue strength, in high strength applications where the implant must be bent during surgery or may be scratched during implantation BioDur 108 proved to be the best alternative. For lower strength applications, 316LS revealed the least fatigue notch sensitivity of any of the alloys tested.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCorrosion fatigue.
=650  \0$aStainless steel.
=650  14$aStainless steel.
=650  24$aCorrosion fatigue.
=650  24$aNotch.
=700  1\$aWilliamson, RS.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aZardiackas, LD.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100504.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100505
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100505$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100505$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTD793.9
=082  04$a628.4$223
=100  1\$aYang, B.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffect of Fluoride on Corrosion of Cooling System Metals in Ethylene Glycol-Based Antifreeze/Coolants /$cB. Yang, AV. Gershun, FJ. Marinho, PM. Woyciesjes.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b10
=520  3\$aAutomotive and light-duty vehicle heat exchangers such as radiators are now predominantly made of aluminum alloys. For over 20 years, a brazing technique known as “controlled atmosphere brazing (CAB) with noncorrosive fluxes” has become the preferred process for producing aluminum automotive heat exchangers for original equipment manufacturers and aftermarket suppliers. Fluoride-based fluxes are typically used in the CAB processes to dissolve the aluminum oxide layer on the surface and inhibit reoxidation during the brazing cycle to allow the clad alloy to flow properly. The flux is generally a mixture of potassium fluoroaluminate, (K3AlF6, K2AlF5, and KAlF4). The flux residue left on the internal surface of heat exchangers after brazing is thought to be insoluble and noncorrosive, hence no removal is necessary. Although external corrosion of brazed aluminum heat exchangers has been studied using salt spray tests, a study addressing the effect of interaction between different antifreeze and flux residues on internal corrosion has not been reported. To the authors' knowledge, few studies on the effect of fluoride in engine coolants on metal corrosion are available. In this paper, laboratory test data are provided to show that flux residue is soluble in commercially available coolants and can generate fluoride ions that enhance cooling system corrosion. Systematic study on the effect of fluoride on metal corrosion in cooling systems and its remedies are also presented and discussed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFluoride.
=650  \0$aBrazed aluminum.
=650  \0$aAluminum corrosion.
=650  \0$aHeat exchangers.
=650  \0$aAntifreeze/coolant.
=650  14$aAntifreeze/coolant.
=650  24$aAluminum corrosion.
=650  24$aFluoride.
=650  24$aBrazed aluminum.
=650  24$aHeat exchangers.
=650  24$aPotassium fluoroaluminate flux.
=700  1\$aGershun, AV.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMarinho, FJ.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWoyciesjes, PM.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100505.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100510
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100510$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100510$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQP517.M67
=082  04$a572/.33$223
=100  1\$aPellet, Regis J.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aField Test for Carboxylate Inhibitor Levels in OAT Coolants /$cRegis J. Pellet, Leonard S. Bartley, Paul O. Fritz.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aWet chemistry test methods have been developed to determine the level of alkyl carboxylate inhibition remaining in used OAT coolants. The test strategy of these methods depends on the known alkyl carboxylate ability to protect cooling system metals such as aluminum by forming insoluble metal soaps. Various test configurations make this test strategy suitable for the rapid analysis of used coolants in the field. This paper will document the initial test strategies and the development efforts that led to the first field test for alkyl carboxylate-based coolants. Test kit performance with laboratory and field samples is also discussed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aOrganic additive technology.
=650  \0$aCarboxylate.
=650  \0$aInhibitor.
=650  \0$aCoolant.
=650  \0$aField test.
=650  14$aCoolant.
=650  24$aField test.
=650  24$aOrganic additive technology.
=650  24$aCarboxylate.
=650  24$aInhibitor.
=700  1\$aBartley, Leonard S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFritz, Paul O.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100510.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100516
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100516$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100516$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH453
=082  04$a690/.22$223
=100  1\$aThomson, K. W.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aNew Ceramifying Polymer Materials for Passive Fire Protection Applications /$cK. W. Thomson, R. A. Shanks, A. Genovese.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aA new class of polymer composites has been developed for flame retardancy and passive fire protection. The key feature is a controlled transition from a degrading polymer composite to a ceramic residue in a fire situation. The polymer can be thermoplastic, thermoset or elastomeric. The composites are processable using conventional equipment to form extruded profiles, sheet, moldings, each of which may be foamed. The composites can retain flexibility and durability within the required filler content range. Fire protection is afforded by formation of a ceramic by fusion and reaction of the fillers over a defined temperature range. Ceramic formation commences at relatively low temperature coincident with polymer pyrolysis to maintain structural integrity of the material and minimizes shrinkage. The ceramic is able to develop adequate strength to maintain a fire barrier. One form of the material has been implemented in fire resistant cable sheathing. The composites discussed were prepared from poly(siloxiane) elastomer to demonstrate the concept.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPoly(siloxane)
=650  \0$aComposite.
=650  \0$aFire protection.
=650  \0$aPolymer.
=650  \0$aFlame retardant.
=650  14$aPolymer.
=650  24$aComposite.
=650  24$aPoly(siloxane)
=650  24$aFire protection.
=650  24$aFlame retardant.
=700  1\$aShanks, R. A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGenovese, A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100516.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100519
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100519$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100519$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTE270
=082  04$a639.9/7573$223
=100  1\$aJayawickrama, PW.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMicro-Deval Test for the Assessment of Bituminous Aggregate Durability /$cPW. Jayawickrama, MS. Hossain, F. Phillips.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b7
=520  3\$aBituminous aggregates from a total of 52 sources located in Texas, Oklahoma, Arkansas, New Mexico, and Missouri were evaluated using both Micro-Deval and magnesium sulfate soundness tests. Each aggregate was also characterized using petrography, absorption, and specific gravity. Findings showed that Micro-Deval test is a more repeatable test than the soundness test. Micro-Deval showed a fair to good correlation with soundness and an improved correlation was observed when used along with aggregate absorption values. It is concluded that further research is needed to completely replace soundness tests but the Micro-Deval test could be used as a good quality indicator tool.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMagnesium sulfate test.
=650  \0$aAggregate.
=650  \0$aBituminous aggreagte.
=650  \0$aMicro-Deval test.
=650  \0$aAggregate durability.
=650  14$aAggregate.
=650  24$aBituminous aggreagte.
=650  24$aAggregate durability.
=650  24$aMicro-Deval test.
=650  24$aMagnesium sulfate test.
=700  1\$aHossain, MS.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPhillips, F.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100519.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100521
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100521$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100521$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD471
=082  04$a540$223
=100  1\$aSkrobul, Anthony P.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCompatibility Testing of Multi-Vehicle Coolant Chemistries /$cAnthony P. Skrobul, Steven L. Balfe, Fred C. Alverson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aMulti-vehicle or universal coolants, or both, have been introduced into the marketplace to satisfy the wishes of mass merchandisers, automotive garage and repair shops, quick oil change establishments, and the general public for a convenient single coolant for use in the myriad makes and models of vehicles. Universal coolants are recommended for top off, as well as complete drain and fill of the customer’s cooling system, regardless of the color or inhibitor chemistry of coolant already in use. Coolant mixing, and potential compatibility issues, will result for the top-off scenario, but may also be of concern following coolant system flush-and-fill. However, there are currently no standard compatibility tests to define satisfactory compatibility when coolants of different chemistry are mixed. Previous work to establish compatibility of coolant mixtures documents that potential coolant deterioration of the corrosion protection may occur in the ASTM D 4340 [1] Aluminum Heat-Rejection Test when mixing coolants with different additive chemistries. Compatibility testing has been conducted on various universal coolants with traditional high silicate, traditional low silicate, hybrid (phosphate free), hybrid (phosphated), and OAT-only technologies. This paper provides results of the coolant compatibility tests and correlation of coolant chemistry with coolant performance in these tests.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAntifreeze.
=650  \0$aUniversal coolants.
=650  \0$aHybrid coolant.
=650  \0$aCompatibility.
=650  14$aMulti-vehicle coolants.
=650  24$aUniversal coolants.
=650  24$aCompatibility.
=650  24$aAntifreeze.
=650  24$aOAT.
=650  24$aHybrid coolant.
=700  1\$aBalfe, Steven L.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAlverson, Fred C.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100521.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100523
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100523$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100523$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA174
=082  04$a620/.0042$223
=100  1\$aCheng, Z.,$eauthor.
=245  13$aAn Application of Thermal Analysis to Household Waste /$cZ. Cheng, H. Chen, Y. Zhang, P. Hack, W-P Pan.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b6
=520  3\$aThermal analysis combined with composition analysis has been used in this work to identify evolved gas when burning household waste. Thermogravimetry (TG) coupled with Fourier transform infrared (FITR) spectroscopy and mass spectrometry (TG-FTIR-MS) offers structural identification of compounds evolved during thermal processes. Carbon, hydrogen, and nitrogen elemental analysis and XRD offers raw materials information. All these combined can help to evaluate the chemical pathway for the degradation reactions by determining the decomposition products. For comparison purposes, emitted species concentrations are measured with multiple-sensors when burning household waste in a lab-scale fluidized bed combustor. There is excellent agreement between the two different approaches. The measured results also provided some insight into burning household waste as an energy source in large-scale incinerators.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHousehold waste.
=650  \0$aCombustion.
=650  \0$aPyrolysis.
=650  \0$aThermal analysis.
=650  14$aThermal analysis.
=650  24$aPyrolysis.
=650  24$aCombustion.
=650  24$aHousehold waste.
=650  24$aTG-FTIR-MS.
=700  1\$aChen, H.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aZhang, Y.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHack, P.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPan, W-P,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100523.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100528
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100528$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100528$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK9001
=082  04$a621.48$223
=100  1\$aRiga, Alan T.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFast Scan Differential Scanning Calorimetry Distinguishes Melting, Melting-Degradation/Sublimation and Thermal Stability of Drugs /$cAlan T. Riga, Michael Golinar, Kenneth S. Alexander.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b7
=520  3\$aIn order to establish a structure and property (melting and oxidative or thermal degradation, or both) relationship for a United States Pharmacopeias (USP) set of standard drugs, they were evaluated by fast scan differential scanning calorimetry. A critical problem in characterizing the endothermic melting of a drug is to determine the melting range and if a chemical melts and immediately degrades. The stability of standard drugs is based on a comparison of their thermal properties at widely varying ramp or heating rates from 10 to 100°C/min. A stable crystalline drug has an obvious melting endotherm followed by a stable baseline. An unstable crystalline drug melts and immediately degrades as viewed by a shifting melt endotherm with heating rate. The USP thermally stable standards evaluated in this study include vanillin (melt temperature, Tm, 80.4°C), acetanilide (Tm, 114°C), acetophenetidin (Tm, 135°C), sulfanilamide (Tm, 165°C), sulfapyridine (Tm, 191°C), and caffeine (Tm, 235°C and Tsublimation, <220°C). In addition to the USP samples a number of commercial and model drugs, like benzoic acid (Tm, 122°C and Tsublimation, <120°C), lidocaine.HCl and procaine.HCl were also examined. Their melt profiles were ranked as stable or unstable post fusion by the fast scan DSC technique and are reported.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aElectrical and Electronic Engineering.
=700  1\$aGolinar, Michael,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAlexander, Kenneth S.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100528.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100530
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100530$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100530$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTE270
=082  04$a625.8/5$223
=100  1\$aGopalakrishnan, K.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffect of Dynamic Aircraft Gear Loads on Asphalt Concrete Strain Responses /$cK. Gopalakrishnan, MR. Thompson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (17 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b38
=520  3\$aAsphalt strain gauges were installed in both the longitudinal and transverse directions at the Federal Aviation Administration's National Airport Pavement Test Facility (NAPTF) to measure the load-induced Asphalt Concrete (AC) tensile strains during full-scale traffic testing with a dual-tridem Boeing 777 gear configuration and a dual-tandem Boeing 747 gear configuration. The results are presented for four flexible test sections; two sections with 127 mm of AC and two with 254 mm of AC. An axisymmetric finite element pavement analysis software was used to model the NAPTF flexible test sections and compute the AC strain responses. The measured AC strain magnitudes were significantly influenced by AC temperature variations. Dramatic increase in peak strain responses were observed as the NAPTF flexible test sections approached structural failure. There was a good agreement between the field-measured and computed strains during the early life of the test sections.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAsphalt Concrete.
=650  \0$aAsphalt Strain Gage.
=650  \0$aPavements, Asphalt$xTesting$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aAsphalt Concrete (AC)
=650  14$aAsphalt Strain Gage (ASG)
=650  24$aAsphalt Concrete (AC)
=650  24$aNAPTF.
=650  24$aFlexible airfield pavement.
=650  24$aFinite element modeling.
=650  24$aMultiple-wheel heavy aircraft gear loading.
=700  1\$aThompson, MR.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100530.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100533
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100533$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100533$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA440
=082  04$a624.1/834$223
=100  1\$aYang, N. H.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMulti-Axial Failure Models for Fiber-Reinforced Composites /$cN. H. Yang, H. Nayeb-Hashemi, A. Vaziri.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b30
=520  3\$aCombined in-phase tension/torsion loading was applied to 8-ply [±45°]4 E-glass/epoxy composite shafts under monotonic and fatigue conditions to determine the effects of multi-axial loading on its failure. A damage criterion for multi-axial monotonic loading was proposed considering the contribution of both normal and shear stresses on the plane of failure. The experimental data showed an excellent agreement with the proposed model for various loading conditions. Several multi-axial fatigue failure models were proposed considering mean and cyclic normal stress and shear stress at the plane of failure, as well as the mean and cyclic normal strain and shear strain at the plane of failure and their capability for predicting the fatigue life of the composite under study was examined. In addition to the fatigue damage model based on the plane of failure, a multi-axial fatigue failure model was proposed considering the mean and cyclic energy in the fatigue experiments. The experimental data showed a reasonably good correlation with some of the proposed damage models.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFatigue failure.
=650  \0$aMonotonic failure.
=650  \0$aMulti-axial loading.
=650  14$aMulti-axial loading.
=650  24$aFiber-reinforced composites.
=650  24$aFatigue failure.
=650  24$aMonotonic failure.
=700  1\$aNayeb-Hashemi, H.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aVaziri, A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100533.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100547
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100547$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100547$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRM666.O45
=082  04$a613.2/84$223
=100  1\$aRiga, Alan T.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aThermal and Oxidative Properties of Physiologically Relevant Free Fatty Acids by Dielectric Analysis and Differential Scanning Calorimetry /$cAlan T. Riga, Kenneth S. Alexander, Kevin Williams.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b8
=520  3\$aPhysiologically relevant fatty acids and related organic acids are basic for human life. The essential fatty acids, linoleic, linolenic, and arachidonic acids, are sourced from vegetable seed oils (corn, sunflower, safflower), and margarines blended with vegetable oils. The functions of these special acids are in the synthesis of prostaglandins and membrane structures. Growth cessation and dermatitis occurs with a deficiency of the fatty acids. A typical therapeutic dosage of the essential fatty acids is up to 10 g per day. The polyunsaturated fatty acids. linoleic (9,12-octadecaidienoic), linolenic (9,12,15-octadecatrienoic), and arachidonic (5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic) are referred to as essential fatty acids. They unlike other lipids must be provided by diet. Arachidonic acid can be produced in the body by linoleic acid. This thermal analytical study is to determine fatty acids’ physical transitions [melting] by DSC at low temperatures and their surface properties by low frequency dielectric analysis and relate those properties to the inherent amount of unsaturation in the fatty acids. It is our premise that the degree of unsaturation will affect low temperature melt temperature and electrical properties, e.g., electrical conductivity and complex permittivity. We have observed that the DEA properties of the air-aged liquid fatty acids indicate that the electrical conductivity and complex permittivity can be correlated with the degree of unsaturation. It is our objective to establish a relationship between the amount of unsaturation, number of double bond sites and the electrical properties, complex permittivity, and electrical conductivity.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPolyunsaturated Fatty Acids.
=650  \0$aDielectric analysis.
=650  14$aPolyunsaturated fatty acids.
=650  24$aLinoleic (9,12-octadecaidienoic)
=650  24$aLinolenic (9,12,15-octadecatrienoic)
=650  24$aArachidonic (5,8,11,14-eicosatetraenoic)
=650  24$aOxidative behavior of fatty acids.
=650  24$aDielectric analysis.
=700  1\$aAlexander, Kenneth S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWilliams, Kevin,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100547.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100549
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100549$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100549$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC197
=082  04$a531/.1134/078$223
=100  1\$aGerzeski, R.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aHertzian Fracture, Kinetic Friction and the Mechanical Impact LOX Compatibility Testing of Polymers and Polymer Matrix Composites /$cR. Gerzeski.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (33 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b241
=520  3\$aA cascade of probabilistic mechanisms is proposed to better understand the 72 ft-lbs mechanical impact in liquid oxygen ignition threshold sensitivity testing of polymeric and polymer matrix composite materials. This model teams the well established and understood mechanisms of Hertzian fracture and kinetic friction. In conjunction they explain the mechanical fracturing of the specimen and the very rapid transformation of the test's mechanical energy into temperature rising heat energy. The model also provides the first explanation for the random probabilistic occurrence or nonoccurrence of ignitions in tested materials.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHertzian fracture.
=650  \0$aKinetic friction.
=650  \0$aMechanical impact.
=650  \0$aLOX compatibility.
=650  14$aHertzian fracture.
=650  24$aKinetic friction.
=650  24$aMechanical impact.
=650  24$aLOX compatibility.
=650  24$aASTM D2512.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100549.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100554
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100554$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100554$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC189.5
=082  04$a531.113402454$223
=100  1\$aAl-Martini, S.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffect of Chemical Admixtures on Rheology of Cement Paste at High Temperature /$cS. Al-Martini, M. Nehdi.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (17 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b31
=520  3\$aPlacement of cement-based materials in hot weather conditions encounters many problems due to the rapid evaporation of mixing water and the accelerated hydration of cement. Such materials are also adversely affected at elevated temperatures by an increased water demand, shorter setting time, and more rapid slump loss. These problems can be mitigated using adequate chemical admixtures. However, technical data on such admixtures are commonly developed at normal temperatures, and there is a real need to investigate their performance at hot temperatures. In the current research, the rheological properties of portland cement pastes with a water-cement ratio (w/c) of 0.35 and 0.50 are investigated at different temperatures in the range of 20 to 45°C using an advanced shear-stress/shear-strain controlled rheometer. The influence of water-reducing and retarding admixture, polycarboxylate, naphthalene sulfonate, and melamine-based high-range water-reducing admixtures (HRWR) in addition to mid-range water-reducing admixtures (MRWR) on the rheological properties of cement paste at various temperatures was also examined. The paper aims at formulating recommendations for the effective use of chemical admixtures at high temperature, which should enhance the rheological properties of cement-based materials in hot weather conditions.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aChemistry.
=650  \0$aScience.
=650  \0$aCement paste.
=650  \0$aHigh temperature.
=650  \0$aRheology.
=650  14$aRheology.
=650  24$aCement paste.
=650  24$aWater-reducing admixture.
=650  24$aHigh temperature.
=700  1\$aNehdi, M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100554.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100556
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100556$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100556$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aHT166
=082  04$a307.1216$223
=100  1\$aRobinette, CJ.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Effects of Construction Variability on the Superpave Simple Performance Test /$cCJ. Robinette, RC. Williams.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b19
=520  3\$aThe Superpave Simple Performance Test is quickly coming into the mainstream of practice for research purposes and implementation by owner/agencies. The research presented in this paper focuses on understanding the nuances of the testing procedure and building libraries of values for future reference. This project examined both 12.5-mm and 19.0-mm mixtures from the State of Wisconsin which included various traffic volumes. Of particular importance was construction variability in terms of air voids and asphalt binder content and their impact on performance with the flow number test. Plant produced mix was sampled for the jobs as well as the asphalt binder. Specimens were compacted to 4.0, 7.0, and 10.0% air voids at the sampled asphalt binder content. Additionally, specimens were further mixed with +0.3 % asphalt binder content and compacted to 7.0% air voids. The air voids and asphalt binder content changes were based on the tolerances set by typical construction variability and Wisconsin Department of Transportation specifications, respectively. The testing found that the flow number was greatly affected by air voids, but was rather insensitive to changes in asphalt content and nominal maximum aggregate size. It was determined that the accumulated microstrain at tertiary flow would be a good measure for comparing performance within a specific mixture in terms of changes in air voids and asphalt binder content. The flow number was found to be the best measure for comparing between different mixtures.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aConstruction variability.
=650  \0$aSuperpave.
=650  \0$aFlow number.
=650  \0$aDynamic modulus.
=650  14$aSimple performance test.
=650  24$aConstruction variability.
=650  24$aSuperpave.
=650  24$aDynamic modulus.
=650  24$aFlow number.
=700  1\$aWilliams, RC.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100556.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100558
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100558$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100558$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRD686
=082  04$a617.4/720597$223
=100  1\$aTipper, JL.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEstimation of the Osteolytic Potential of Noncrosslinked and Crosslinked Polyethylenes and Ceramic-on-Ceramic Total Hip Prostheses /$cJL. Tipper, AL. Galvin, E. Ingham, J. Fisher.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b38
=520  3\$aThere is currently considerable interest in the wear debris and osteolytic potential of different types of bearings used in total joint replacements. The aim of this study was first to characterize the wear and wear particles generated from two different grades of UHMWPE acetabular cups with different levels of crosslinking in a hip joint simulator. Secondly, the results for the polyethylenes were compared to an alumina ceramic-on-ceramic hip prosthesis. The wear rates of the two noncrosslinked material types were very similar at 49±8 mm3 per million cycles for the GUR 1020 and 45.6±1.4 mm3 per million cycles for the GUR 1050. Moderate crosslinking (4 MRad) significantly (P<0.05) reduced the wear rate of the GUR 1020 material by 30 % to 35±9 mm3 per million cycles. High levels of crosslinking of GUR 1050 (10 MRad) produced a highly significant (P<0.01) 80 % reduction in wear volume. Although reduced wear volumes were observed with moderate levels of crosslinking for the 4 MRad GUR 1020 material, little benefit was conveyed by crosslinking, in terms of predicted overall biocompatibility and estimated osteolytic potential. Introducing high levels of crosslinking (10 MRad) into the GUR 1050 material reduced wear and osteolytic potential by up to five-fold compared to the other GUR 1050 materials. However, compared to the noncrosslinked and moderately crosslinked GUR 1020 materials, the highly crosslinked GUR 1050 UHMWPE had only a two-fold lower osteolytic potential. The alumina ceramic-on-ceramic hip prostheses produced extremely low wear rates under both standard and microseparation simulation conditions, and consequently the osteolytic potential of the alumina bearings was estimated to be >20-fold lower than the highly crosslinked polyethylene.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAlumina ceramic.
=650  \0$aCrosslinking.
=650  \0$aOsteolytic potential.
=650  \0$aMicroseparation.
=650  \0$aHip prostheses.
=650  \0$aWear debris.
=650  14$aWear.
=650  24$aUHMWPE.
=650  24$aAlumina ceramic.
=650  24$aCrosslinking.
=650  24$aWear debris.
=650  24$aHip prostheses.
=650  24$aOsteolytic potential.
=650  24$aMicroseparation.
=700  1\$aGalvin, AL.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aIngham, E.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFisher, J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100558.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100574
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100574$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100574$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRJ482.R48
=082  04$a618.92/7$223
=100  1\$aCross, RJ.,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Comparison of Predictions From Probabilistic Crack Growth Models Inferred From Virkler's Data /$cRJ. Cross, A. Makeev, E. Armanios.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b18
=520  3\$aThe significant variability observed in fatigue crack growth experiments requires application of probabilistic modeling techniques to fatigue analyses. In this work, philosophical and practical concerns for probabilistic modeling are discussed. Several probabilistic fatigue models are derived from the Virkler data and then used to make predictions under a different loading condition. This comparison of predictions demonstrates their sensitivity to the choice of model. In this effort a method for inference of random process parameters and corresponding confidence limits from highly statistically dependent observations is developed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aShear strain.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aReliability.
=650  14$aFatigue.
=650  24$aProbabilistic modeling.
=650  24$aReliability.
=700  1\$aMakeev, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aArmanios, E.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100574.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100593
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100593$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100593$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA670
=082  04$a693/.1$223
=100  1\$aSanders, John P.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Effect of Void Area on Brick Masonry Performance /$cJohn P. Sanders, Denis A. Brosnan.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aHigher void (hollow) brick offer the potential for energy savings, decreased raw material usage and reduced environmental impact. These advantages are related to the movement toward “green” building materials. The National Brick Research Center has performed an extensive study comparing the wall system performance of hollow and solid brick. Hollow masonry units are defined by ASTM C 652 while solid masonry units are specified in ASTM C 216. The key differences between these two specifications are related to the permissible void area and face shell thickness. The objective of this work was to determine what effect, if any, increasing void area might have on important aspects of the performance of brick masonry. The effect of decreasing face shell thickness was also evaluated. For this study, the performance of several sets of comparison extruded brick was measured. These sets of comparison brick represent a range of manufacturers and, thus, a range of physical properties. Water penetration, flexural bond strength, and compressive strength were measured on each type of brick and used as indicators of potential performance in a wall. Additionally, mortar usage as a function of void area was studied. Based on the results of testing from these sets of comparison brick, increasing void area or decreasing face shell thickness did not result in increased water penetration or decreased flexural bond strength.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFlexural bond strength.
=650  \0$aVoid area.
=650  \0$aBrick.
=650  \0$aFace shell.
=650  \0$aWater penetration.
=650  \0$aBrick masonry.
=650  14$aBrick.
=650  24$aBrick masonry.
=650  24$aWall system performance.
=650  24$aASTM C 216.
=650  24$aASTM C 652.
=650  24$aVoid area.
=650  24$aFace shell.
=650  24$aWater penetration.
=650  24$aFlexural bond strength.
=700  1\$aBrosnan, Denis A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100593.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100595
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100595$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100595$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD116.I57
=082  04$a543/.4$223
=100  1\$aBhat, Ajaz Masood,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Generalized Relationship for Estimating Dielectric Constant of Soils /$cAjaz Masood Bhat, Hanumantha Rao B., D. N. Singh.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (17 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b107
=520  3\$aEfforts were made in this study to develop a methodology for estimating the dielectric constant of the fine- and coarse-grained soils, based on their dielectric dispersion. A generalized relationship that can be employed for estimating the dielectric constant of any type of soil, corresponding to a given ac frequency and any compaction state, has been developed. The utility and efficiency of this relationship has been demonstrated based on the results reported in the literature for different types of soils and glass-beads.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aImpedance spectroscopy$xExperiments.
=650  \0$aDielectric dispersion.
=650  \0$aCoarse-grained soils.
=650  \0$aFine-grained soils.
=650  \0$aGlass-beads.
=650  14$aImpedance spectroscopy.
=650  24$aDielectric dispersion.
=650  24$aFine-grained soils.
=650  24$aCoarse-grained soils.
=650  24$aGlass-beads.
=700  1\$aB., Hanumantha Rao,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSingh, D. N.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100595.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100607
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100607$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100607$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN690
=082  04$a669$223
=100  1\$aYarbrough, David W.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Effect of Air Flow on Measured Heat Transport through Wall Cavity Insulation /$cDavid W. Yarbrough, Ronald S. Graves.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b6
=520  3\$aThe methods commonly used for determining the thermal resistance of insulations in wall cavities do not include the effect of air movement through the insulation. Contributions to the total building heating or cooling load include the change in enthalpy of air moving through an insulation and the heat flux through the insulation due to the imposed thermal gradient. The two effects are not independent since the air movement affects the temperature distribution in the insulation. A heat-flow-meter apparatus meeting the requirements of the Standard Test Method for Steady-State Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of the Heat Flow Meter Apparatus ASTM C 518 has been configured to allow uniform air flow across thermal test specimens. The air flow is parallel to the heat flow direction. Air is introduced into the specimen chamber of the heat-flow-meter apparatus from an external source. The heat-flow-meter with controlled air flow has been used to determine total heat-flow rates as a function of air-flow rate, air-flow direction, and temperature for commonly used wall cavity insulation.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aThermal resistance.
=650  \0$aConvection.
=650  \0$aFiberglass batts.
=650  \0$aFiberglass.
=650  14$aThermal resistance.
=650  24$aFiberglass.
=650  24$aConvection.
=650  24$aConvection in porous insulation.
=650  24$aFiberglass batts.
=700  1\$aGraves, Ronald S.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100607.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100615
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100615$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100615$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTD480.5
=082  04$a628.1/6742$223
=100  1\$aHudgens, R.,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Comparison of Membrane Technologies for Engine Coolant Recycling /$cR. Hudgens, E. Schmidt, M. Williams.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (19 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b17
=520  3\$aRecycling of used engine coolants containing ethylene glycol and other glycols would appear to be well established, particularly for reverse osmosis and nanofiltration membrane, electrodialysis, and distillation-based processes. Both literature and recycling facilities indicate success in employing these techniques. However, many recyclers, particularly those employing a single treatment technology, are not capable of producing recycled product meeting original equipment manufacturer (OEM) requirements for coolant, and these typically fall far short of approaching virgin (nonrecycled) coolant quality. In addition, some recycling facilities have produced and marketed product that led to coolant system damage and engine failure, either as a result of not sufficiently removing contaminants or inadequately reformulating with corrosion inhibitors and other additives. The danger of process upsets resulting in inadequate product is particularly high for those facilities that receive feeds with varying contaminant levels and coolants containing a range of corrosion inhibitors and additives (silicates, organic acids, etc.). However, no study to date has focused on a fundamental assessment of the separation characteristics and interactions of the various classes of coolant technologies with the commercially available reverse osmosis, nanofiltration, and electrodialysis ion exchange membranes typically seen in recycling operations. This study presents results of a comprehensive evaluation of the separation characteristics of a wide range of these membranes with a wide range of coolant types. In particular, the study examined production rate characteristics, inhibitor and other additive separation, and contaminant removal for reverse osmosis, nanofiltration, and electrodialysis. Residual inhibitors remaining in the recycled coolant are examined, with guidance provided on how these residuals might affect coolant reformulation and performance.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aUsed antifreeze.
=650  \0$aRecycling.
=650  \0$aNanofilteration.
=650  \0$aElectrodialysis.
=650  \0$aReverse osmosis.
=650  \0$aUsed engine coolant.
=650  14$aUsed engine coolant.
=650  24$aUsed antifreeze.
=650  24$aRecycling.
=650  24$aElectrodialysis.
=650  24$aReverse osmosis.
=650  24$aNanofilteration.
=700  1\$aSchmidt, E.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWilliams, M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100615.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100616
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100616$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100616$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQP517.M67
=082  04$a572/.33$223
=100  1\$aFritz, Paul O.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aComponent Durability and High Mileage Performance of a Full Carboxylate Coolant in Heavy Duty Diesel (HDD) Engines /$cPaul O. Fritz, Leonard S. Bartley, Regis Pellet, Virginia Moser, Carmen Ulabarro.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b18
=520  3\$aPerformance of a full carboxylate coolant has been demonstrated in engine bench cavitation testing, fleet testing, and post fleet testing coolant corrosion tests. Performance in the proposed ASTM “Heavy Duty Cavitation Test” was established and found to satisfactorily exceed performance limits. Fleet testing of a full carboxylate coolant technology in Class 8 trucks, using Caterpillar C-12 engines demonstrated minimal inhibitor depletion to 400 000 miles under controlled zero coolant top-off conditions with no refortification. In a second fleet, vehicles accumulated high mileages under real world conditions. In this test, Caterpillar 3406E engines were torn down and inspected demonstrating extended corrosion protection and superior component durability to beyond 700 000 miles, without the addition of supplemental coolant additives or extenders. Coolants from these vehicles were removed and tested in the laboratory to verify their extended life properties.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aOrganic additive technology.
=650  \0$aCarboxylate.
=650  \0$aFleet testing.
=650  \0$aInhibitor.
=650  \0$aExtended life coolant.
=650  \0$aField test.
=650  14$aExtended life coolant.
=650  24$aField test.
=650  24$aFleet testing.
=650  24$aOrganic additive technology.
=650  24$aCarboxylate.
=650  24$aInhibitor.
=700  1\$aBartley, Leonard S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPellet, Regis,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMoser, Virginia,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aUlabarro, Carmen,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100616.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100618
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2006\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100618$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100618$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD181.C1
=082  04$a546/.681$223
=100  1\$aOrganiscak, JA.,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA New Concept for Leak Testing Environmental Enclosure Filtration Systems /$cJA. Organiscak, M. Schmitz.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2006.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aA method (patent pending) has been developed to determine the quality of environmental cab filtration systems. This method utilizes specially configured filter cartridges to remove carbon dioxide from the ambient air with the environmental cab's air filtration system. A real-time gas monitor is placed inside an unoccupied cab with the filtration system running to time decay the carbon dioxide to its lowest concentration or equilibrium level. The outside carbon dioxide concentration level can be measured concurrently with another gas monitor or with the same inside cab gas monitor during a representative period before and after the inside sampling is conducted. Cab filtration system leakage is comparatively deduced from the difference between the special cartridge filter efficiency and overall cab efficiency. Laboratory trials have illustrated that desirable high efficiency test filter configurations (greater than 99 % efficiency) can be devised, but have air quantity and test time limitations. These trials also demonstrated that CO2 penetration was reflective of controlled air leaks around a high efficiency filter under equilibrium conditions. This report examines the elements of this patent pending method.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aChemistry.
=650  \0$aWater pollutant.
=650  \0$aManufacture.
=650  \0$aCab enclosure.
=650  \0$aCarbon dioxide.
=650  \0$aFiltration system.
=650  \0$aAmbient air.
=650  \0$aAir leakage test.
=650  14$aCab enclosure.
=650  24$aFiltration system.
=650  24$aAir leakage test.
=650  24$aAmbient air.
=650  24$aCarbon dioxide.
=700  1\$aSchmitz, M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 3, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2006$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100618.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100621
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100621$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100621$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTD812.3.N6
=082  04$a363.72/89/0978942$223
=100  1\$aMukhopadhyaya, Phalguni,$eauthor.
=245  10$aWater Vapor Transmission Measurement and Significance of Corrections /$cPhalguni Mukhopadhyaya, Kumar Kumaran, John Lackey, David van Reenen.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b22
=520  3\$aWater vapor transmission properties of building materials play an important role in the overall moisture management and durability of the exterior building envelopes. The cup method, as described in the ASTM Standard Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission of Materials (E 96), is widely used in North America and other parts of the world for this purpose. Recently the latest ASTM standard (E 96/E 96M–05) has started taking into account various corrections (e.g., buoyancy correction, correction for resistance due to still air and specimen surface, edge mask correction, etc.) while analyzing the results obtained from the cup methods. This paper presents the results obtained from the laboratory tests carried out on more than 50 building materials. These results have been used to demonstrate the significance of various corrections on the measured water vapor permeability or permeance of various commonly used building materials or components. The results presented in this paper were discussed in the ASTM technical task group to underline the importance of various corrections for the calculation of water vapor transmission properties of various building materials.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPermeance.
=650  \0$aBuilding materials.
=650  \0$aCorrections.
=650  \0$aPermeability.
=650  14$aWater vapor transmission.
=650  24$aPermeability.
=650  24$aPermeance.
=650  24$aBuilding materials.
=650  24$aCorrections.
=700  1\$aKumaran, Kumar,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLackey, John,$eauthor.
=700  1\$avan Reenen, David,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100621.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100625
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100625$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100625$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aDA90
=082  04$a936.2$223
=100  1\$aEdison, MP.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFormulating with Rosendale Natural Cement /$cMP. Edison.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b23
=520  3\$aUnderstanding the guiding formulation principles behind the use of natural cement in the 19th and early 20th centuries allows better interpretation of the results of laboratory analyses and more accurate reproduction of historic masonry and concrete materials. This paper reviews traditional formulation practices for natural cement mortars, grouts, stuccos, concretes, and lime-washes, including ingredient selection, technical and economic criteria affecting formulation, and how the materials and formulations changed over time. Effects on performance of typical formula variations are reviewed, and potential effects on performance of modern admixtures are considered.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aExcavations (Archaeology)
=650  \0$aIron age.
=650  \0$aMaterial culture.
=650  \0$aHistoric concrete.
=650  \0$aRosendale.
=650  \0$aMortar formulation.
=650  \0$aHistoric stucco.
=650  \0$aHistoric mortars.
=650  \0$aLime mortars.
=650  \0$aNatural cement.
=650  14$aNatural cement.
=650  24$aRosendale.
=650  24$aHistoric mortars.
=650  24$aHistoric concrete.
=650  24$aHistoric stucco.
=650  24$aMortar formulation.
=650  24$aLime mortars.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100625.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100629
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100629$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100629$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH8131
=082  04$a693.6$223
=100  1\$aGreenwald, Jeffrey H.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEvaluation of the Effectiveness of Clear Water Repellent Coatings on Partially Grouted Single-Wythe Concrete Masonry Walls /$cJeffrey H. Greenwald, Thomas C. Young.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references.
=520  3\$aThe use of architectural concrete masonry to construct commercial and institutional buildings is common in the northwestern United States. By combining different block sizes, shapes, colors, and surface treatments, architects have designed many striking structures. This test program focused on the evaluation of clear water repellent coatings because they are an important component of a water resistant wall system. The number of repellents produced has grown and their chemical composition has changed during recent years. The test results will provide guidance in updating the industry recommendation used by design professionals and building owners. A total of 14 walls were constructed and tested in accordance with ASTM E 514, “Standard Test Method for Water Penetration and Leakage Through Masonry.” The walls were all constructed with materials shipped from northwest block producers and represent construction techniques used in the Pacific Northwest. Each wall was initially tested uncoated to establish a baseline performance. Afterwards, a clear water repellent was applied and each wall was retested. The walls were then tested a third time after aging outside for approximately one year. The test results will establish comparative behavior between wall assemblies.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aWater-repellent.
=650  \0$aWater permeance.
=650  \0$aDamp-proofing.
=650  \0$aMasonry testing.
=650  \0$aConcrete block.
=650  \0$aWater repellent.
=650  14$aConcrete block.
=650  24$aDamp-proofing.
=650  24$aWater permeance.
=650  24$aWater repellent.
=650  24$aMasonry testing.
=700  1\$aYoung, Thomas C.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100629.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100634
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100634$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100634$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTJ1077
=082  04$a621.8/9$223
=100  1\$aChen, Yu-Sen,$eauthor.
=245  10$aComparison of Bench Test Methods to Evaluate Heavy Duty Coolant Thermal Stability /$cYu-Sen Chen, R. Doug Hudgens, Edward R. Eaton.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b5
=520  3\$aThe past 10 to 15 years have seen a dramatic change in heavy duty coolants and cooling system maintenance practices. Controversy exists about the relative merits of newer organic acid (OAT) coolants and more conventional products, especially in the area of thermal stability. Coolant life has been extended from two years/240 K miles to at least five years/600 K miles. It is not uncommon for the same charge of coolant to remain in the cooling system until engine rebuild. Further, there has been an equally significant increase in the coolant service intervals. Reinhibition of the coolant was once tied to the oil change interval at 15 to 25 K miles. Now this additive addition has been extended in many cases to one year/150 K miles to two years/300 K miles. • Along with these dramatic increases in coolant life and service interval, strategies to reduce exhaust emissions such as EGR have increased and will continue to increase coolant temperatures. Sorting out coolant stability issues in the field is both expensive and time consuming. Further, it is very difficult to control a field test so as to obtain reliable data. In this environment, a bench test method that can quickly simulate high temperature, severe field service conditions is of vital importance. This paper compares four bench test methods as far as their ability to sort out thermal stability issues based on results from five coolants representing different additive packages and glycol qualities.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAntifreeze.
=650  \0$aGlycol.
=650  \0$aOff-spec glycol.
=650  \0$aCorrosion.
=650  \0$aGlycol esters.
=650  \0$aOxidation stability.
=650  14$aHeavy duty engine coolants.
=650  24$aOxidation stability.
=650  24$aCorrosion.
=650  24$aExtended service coolants.
=650  24$aConventional fully-formulated coolants.
=650  24$aSupplemental coolant additives.
=650  24$aAntifreeze.
=650  24$aGlycol.
=650  24$aGlycol esters.
=650  24$aOff-spec glycol.
=650  24$aAntifreeze grade glycol.
=700  1\$aHudgens, R. Doug,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aEaton, Edward R.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100634.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100635
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100635$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100635$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA404.2
=082  04$a624.1/8$223
=100  1\$aIssa, Mohsen A.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aStrength Correlation of High Performance Concrete Using Different Sized Specimens /$cMohsen A. Issa, Mark J. Saccomonto.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b27
=520  3\$aThe length to diameter ratio (L/d) of cylindrical concrete specimens is the main factor that affects the compressive strength of concrete. A total of more than 200 molded and cored high performance concrete cylinders of 100- and 150-mm diameters with various L/d ratios were tested to failure at 28 and 105 days. The results confirmed that the concrete strength varies significantly not only with the L/d ratio, but also with the curing method, core location, and specimen size. The current ASTM Standards C 39 and C 42 correction factors underestimate the strength test results in some cases and overestimate the results in other cases, which dictate the need for revising the ASTM correction factors for the high performance concrete. Based on a nonlinear regression analysis of the test results, strength correction factors for each specimen type were presented in figures and tables along with the correction factors provided by the ASTM standards.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHigh performance concrete.
=650  \0$aCompressive strength.
=650  \0$aConcrete cores.
=650  \0$aCorrection factors.
=650  14$aHigh performance concrete.
=650  24$aCorrection factors.
=650  24$aConcrete cores.
=650  24$aCompressive strength.
=650  24$aL/d ratio.
=700  1\$aSaccomonto, Mark J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100635.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100644
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100644$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100644$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK7871.99.C65
=082  04$a621.38152$223
=100  1\$aIshino, Shiori,$eauthor.
=245  10$aInternal Probe to Detect Defects from Cascades—In-situ Ion Irradiation Experiments Revisited /$cShiori Ishino, Naoto Sekimura, Hiroaki Abe.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b28
=520  3\$aOur understanding of the evolution of extended defects during irradiation has progressed considerably since 1990 following the proposal of production bias by Bachu Singh and C. H. Woo. One of the important phenomena underlying this concept is that self-interstitials and interstitial clusters can migrate a long distance via one-dimensional motion. There have been a number of indirect experimental evidences supporting this mode of migration. However, the direct evidence has not necessarily been sufficient. In this paper, we revisit our former experimental results of in-situ observation of ion irradiation damage from the stand point of an internal probe for detecting point defect fluxes in an irradiation environment or those coming from nearby cascades. Surfaces, giving rise to specimen size effects, preexisting dislocations, intentionally preintroduced vacancy loops with stacking fault, irradiation induced vacancy clusters and loops, precipitates and precipitate-matrix interfaces, etc., are utilized to monitor the influx of point defects, particularly those of interstitials nature. Some of the reanalysis of the former results will be presented.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCascade.
=650  \0$aRadiation damage.
=650  \0$aIon irradiation.
=650  \0$aDefect clusters.
=650  14$aRadiation damage.
=650  24$aCascade.
=650  24$aIon irradiation.
=650  24$aIn-situ TEM observation.
=650  24$aDefect clusters.
=700  1\$aSekimura, Naoto,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAbe, Hiroaki,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100644.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100645
=003  IN-ChSCO
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=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100645$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100645$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRJ482.R48
=082  04$a618.92/7$223
=100  1\$aAdler, P. H.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMartensite Transformations and Fatigue Behavior of Nitinol /$cP. H. Adler, J. Allen, J. Lessar, R. Francis.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b18
=520  3\$aIn addition to excellent biocompatibility and corrosion resistance, the unique flow behavior of NiTi pseudo-elastic alloys renders them ideally suited for several medical device applications utilizing minimally invasive technologies. For example, self-expanding stents are indicated chronic therapies for treatment of a variety of vascular diseases. Long-term device integrity is thus critical with the FDA recommending a minimum 10-year life. Historically, the majority of published fatigue data on NiTi alloys have been generated under strain-controlled conditions using wire or single-diamond cell samples designed to replicate the behavior of the repetitive unit within a stent. Resulting data are then presented on modified Goodman or Soderberg diagrams in order to define regions of acceptable device life. Consistent with their unusual monotonic flow characteristics these alloys are found to exhibit unique cyclic behavior in fatigue: published data clearly demonstrate that increasing mean strain often increases high-cycle fatigue life. This anomalous behavior is generally attributed to any of a number of possible microstructural or mechanical effects associated with the reversible stress-assisted austenite-to-martensite phase transformation. Although the majority of published work has focused on these macroscopic properties in order to characterize and adequately define device life, various efforts are currently underway to better understand the more fundamental metallurgical and mechanical aspects controlling fatigue life in this alloy. Such studies include crack initiation and propagation rates, determining the roles of absolute and relative inherent flow behavior of the transforming structures, mechanical instabilities resulting from the heterogeneous nature of the transformation, latent heat effects during cyclic transformation, as well as the effects of testing frequency, crystallographic texture, grain-shape anisotropy, and stress-state on fatigue life. A review of existing literature delineating these behaviors and current efforts is presented in light of known beneficial effects of transformation plasticity and toughening in enhancing fatigue and fracture properties of a variety of metallic and nonmetallic materials.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aShear strain.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aMedical device.
=650  \0$aNitinol.
=650  \0$aPseudoelasticity.
=650  \0$aShape-memory.
=650  \0$aSuperelasticity.
=650  14$aNitinol.
=650  24$aMedical device.
=650  24$aFatigue.
=650  24$aStent.
=650  24$aSuperelasticity.
=650  24$aPseudoelasticity.
=650  24$aShape-memory.
=650  24$aTransformation plasticity.
=650  24$aTransformation toughening.
=700  1\$aAllen, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLessar, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFrancis, R.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100645.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100657
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=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100657$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100657$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA481
=082  04$a620.16$223
=100  1\$aWu, Ming H.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffects of Phase Transformations on Fatigue Endurance of a Superelastic NiTi Alloy /$cMing H. Wu.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b18
=520  3\$aIt is well known that NiTi shape memory alloys exhibit superelasticity where a large elastic deformation proceeds under a constant stress due to the formation of stress-induced martensite. However, for most commercial NiTi alloys used in medical devices, the materials are processed in such a way that the R-phase transformation is apparently separated from the martensitic transformation. The B2 to R-phase change exhibits a much smaller shape change and a narrower hysteresis than does the B2 to B19′ martensite transformation. Hence, the transformation temperatures as well as the thermomechanical properties associated with the R-phase are much more stable during cyclic deformation when compared to those associated with the B19′martensite. The crystallographic features for both martensitic and R-phase transformations are reviewed, and their effects on the tensile properties and rotating-beam fatigue endurance are studied in the present paper.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMartensite.
=650  \0$aR-phase.
=650  \0$aSuperelasticity.
=650  14$aNiTi.
=650  24$aMartensite.
=650  24$aR-phase.
=650  24$aSuperelasticity.
=650  24$aRotating-beam fatigue.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100657.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100658
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100658$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100658$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQA465
=082  04$a389/.1$223
=100  1\$aZribi, M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aUtilization of Dempster-Shafer Theory of Evidence in Unsupervised Image Segmentation /$cM. Zribi, A. Rekik, M. Benjelloun.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b40
=520  3\$aIn this paper, we propose a new method based on the Dempster-Shafer theory of evidence for unsupervised image segmentation. This theory turns out to be quite efficient in classification of multisensor information. The application of the evidence theory in fusing information coming from different sources still poses certain problems. Of paramount importance is the problem of estimating the belief functions. Due to the coherence of this theory with the Bayesian approach, a parametric algorithm to estimate these functions based on the maximum likelihood method can be realized to estimate these belief functions. The proposed method is validated by experiments on both synthetic and real images. The experimental results show the interest of the algorithm and its potential.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBayesian approach.
=650  \0$aFusing information.
=650  \0$aBelief functions.
=650  \0$aEvidence theory.
=650  14$aEvidence theory.
=650  24$aBelief functions.
=650  24$aFusing information.
=650  24$aBayesian approach.
=650  24$aUnsupervised segmentation.
=700  1\$aRekik, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBenjelloun, M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100658.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100661
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100661$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100661$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQE391.Z5
=082  04$a549.68$223
=100  1\$aHughes, DC.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCalcination of Marls to Produce Roman Cement /$cDC. Hughes, D. Jaglin, R. Kozlowski, N. Mayr, D. Mucha, J. Weber.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b20
=520  3\$aMarls were identified from a range of European sources and assessed for their Cementation Index, as proposed by Eckel. Two were selected for calcination in a laboratory kiln; one from Folwark in Poland (CI 1.75) and one from Lillienfeld in Austria (CI 2.03). Analysis of historical documents, while not revealing precise kiln conditions, does suggest that they were such as not to yield complete decarbonation of the calcite. Consequently, a series of calcinations was undertaken in which the peak temperature control of the kiln was set in the range 730°C to 1100°C, with residence times in the range 150 to 1250 min. The airflow through the kiln was sufficient to maintain a minimum oxygen content of at least 12 %. The resulting clinker was ground to comply with the 19th century Austrian Norme. Pastes were produced at w/c = 0.65 and assessed for setting time and strength development (6 h to 1 year). Both parameters were highly dependent upon calcination conditions with both “low” and “high” calcinations producing slower setting and slower strength development than intermediate conditions. Two strength development profiles were identified; one being the expected continuous increase of strength, albeit with a declining rate of increase with time, while the other showed a three-step sequence of high initial strength, a dormant period which could last for many weeks and a final increase in strength to an age of one year. The cements were compared using X-ray diffraction (XRD). Considerable variation in the composition was noted and related to the calcination conditions. Of particular interest is the formation of both α'-belite and β-belite under differing calcination conditions. Clinker particles were also compared using the SEM in back-scattered electron imaging mode and the development of morphology observed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aNATURE$xRocks & Minerals.
=650  \0$aZeolites.
=650  \0$aClay type.
=650  \0$aSetting.
=650  \0$aRoman cement.
=650  \0$aStrength development.
=650  \0$aMineralogy.
=650  14$aRoman cement.
=650  24$aCalcination conditions.
=650  24$aClay type.
=650  24$aSetting.
=650  24$aStrength development.
=650  24$aMineralogy.
=700  1\$aJaglin, D.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKozlowski, R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMayr, N.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMucha, D.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWeber, J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100661.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100667
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100667$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100667$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aDA650
=082  04$a914.1/04/857$223
=100  1\$aWeber, J.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aRoman Cement Mortars in Europe’s Architectural Heritage of the 19th Century /$cJ. Weber, N. Gadermayr, K. Bayer, D. Hughes, R. Kozlowski, M. Stillhammerova, D. Ullrich, R. Vyskocilova.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b24
=520  3\$aNatural cements calcined at low temperatures, so-called Roman cements, formed an important binder material in 19th century construction and facade decoration of many European cities and towns. As a rule, Roman cement mortars appear well preserved. In order to understand their range of composition and properties, a number of samples from historic buildings were collected and analyzed. Microscopic techniques including scanning electron microscopy were employed along with the assessment of physico-mechanical properties. The study shows that the most significant feature of Roman cement mortars is a wide range of differently calcined clinker relicts within each mortar. These unreactive particles, classified as being either overfired or underfired, obviously play an important role for the mortar properties. The binder relicts are composed of a number of phases in the system Ca-Si-Al-Fe. C2S and C2AS (gehlenite) are among the most frequent compounds, their grain size and microstructure depending on calcination temperatures. In particular, the clinkers produced at lower temperatures show nonequilibrium features such as solid solution systems and zoning by partial diffusion. The aggregates found in the mortars cover a wide range of mineralogical compositions reflecting local geological conditions. Cast and in situ applied mortars differ in the amount of aggregate, which is generally lower for cast elements. There is no correlation between the amount of inert material and the state of preservation indicated, e.g., by the occurrence of shrinkage cracks. Historic cast mortars show high compressive strengths at comparably low moduli of elasticity. The total porosity is frequently high. This contribution presents the above-mentioned properties and discusses them in terms of the excellent aging performance of the historic Roman cement mortars.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aArchitecture.
=650  \0$aHeritage tourism.
=650  \0$aArchitecture$zGreat Britain$xGuidebooks.
=700  1\$aGadermayr, N.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBayer, K.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHughes, D.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKozlowski, R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aStillhammerova, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aUllrich, D.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aVyskocilova, R.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100667.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100668
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100668$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100668$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA439
=082  04$a620.136$223
=100  1\$aUracius, Ken,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Natural Cement Revival /$cKen Uracius.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (4 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aAlthough lime has long been an important component in masonry construction, experienced masons working on the restoration of historic buildings in the United States cannot help but notice that some American mortars are very different from the traditional lime mortars used in Europe. American mortars, as found in many 19th century commercial, industrial and government buildings, are clearly tougher and more tenacious than the typical lime mortars. While some claimed that this is due to the importation of hydraulic limes from Europe, study of the period's plentiful documentation reveals that natural cement was the most widely used hydraulic binder in its time. This paper retraces key steps in the search for the history of natural cement use in the United States, and in rediscovering its origins, production methods and use. Ultimately, these steps led to the commercial reintroduction of natural cement for use in historic restoration.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCement $xCongresses.
=650  \0$aCement.
=650  \0$aHydraulic lime.
=650  \0$aLime.
=650  \0$aFort Jefferson.
=650  \0$aHistoric restoration.
=650  \0$aMortar.
=650  \0$aFort Adams.
=650  \0$aNatural cement.
=650  14$aNatural cement.
=650  24$aLime.
=650  24$aHydraulic lime.
=650  24$aMortar.
=650  24$aHistoric restoration.
=650  24$aFort Adams.
=650  24$aFort Jefferson.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100668.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100669
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100669$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100669$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA439
=082  04$a620.136$223
=100  1\$aVyskocilova, R.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aHydration Processes in Pastes of Roman and American Natural Cements /$cR. Vyskocilova, W. Schwarz, D. Mucha, D. Hughes, R. Kozłowski, J. Weber.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b18
=520  3\$aHydration of five Roman and American natural cements was analyzed using X-ray diffraction, mercury intrusion porosimetry, and scanning electron microscopy of cement pastes. Two cements were prepared in the laboratory by burning marls from geological sources in Poland (Folwark) and Austria (Lilienfeld). The selection of raw materials and burning conditions were optimized so that the hydraulic nature and appearance of the final burnt materials matched as closely as possible historic Roman cements widely used in the 19th and the beginning of the 20th centuries in Europe to decorate buildings. Three other cements are produced commercially: quick setting Prompt cement from Vicat, France, and Rosendale cements from Edison Coatings Inc., USA. The hydration of the cements studied was shown to comprise two distinct stages. The immediate setting and early strength is due to the formation of calcium aluminum oxide carbonate (or sulfate) hydroxide hydrates. The development of long-term strength is brought about by the formation of calcium silicate hydrates. Similarities and differences between the individual cements are discussed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCement $xCongresses.
=650  \0$aCement.
=650  \0$aStrength.
=650  \0$aHydration of cements.
=650  \0$aNatural cement.
=650  \0$aPrompt cement.
=650  \0$aRoman cement.
=650  \0$aRosendale cement.
=650  \0$aPorosity.
=650  14$aRoman cement.
=650  24$aNatural cement.
=650  24$aRosendale cement.
=650  24$aPrompt cement.
=650  24$aHydration of cements.
=650  24$aPorosity.
=650  24$aStrength.
=650  24$aCalcium aluminate hydrates.
=700  1\$aSchwarz, W.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMucha, D.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHughes, D.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKozłowski, R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWeber, J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100669.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100672
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100672$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100672$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN884
=082  04$a553.2/85$223
=100  1\$aWerner, Dietrich,$eauthor.
=245  13$aAn Overview of the History and Economic Geology of the Natural Cement Industry at Rosendale, Ulster County, New York /$cDietrich Werner, Kurtis C. Burmeister.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b32
=520  3\$aThe Rosendale region of southeastern New York State is widely recognized as the source of the highest quality natural cement in North America. The North American natural cement industry was founded in 1819 by Canvass White in central New York, but soon shifted to Rosendale where it flourished for over 150 years. By the end of the 19th century, the superior quality of Rosendale cement was known worldwide and was actively used in the construction of some of America’s most enduring landmarks. Rosendale natural cement’s reputation stems from the unique composition of the clay-rich layers of dolostone in the Upper Silurian Rondout Formation from which it is manufactured. Miners utilized room-and-pillar techniques to extract this dolostone from strongly deformed strata in the Rosendale region, creating unique bedrock exposures in mines that are something of an engineering marvel. The exposures resulting from these mining activities have long attracted the attention of geologists for research and education. Production of natural cement transformed extracted dolostone into barrels of cement through a labor-intensive process involving calcination in kilns, cracking, and grinding. Barrels of cement produced were quickly shipped at competitive prices via the Delaware and Hudson Canal, which directly connected the Rosendale natural cement region to major shipping avenues.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aGeology, Economic.
=650  \0$aGeosciences.
=650  \0$aApplied Geosciences.
=650  \0$aCanvass White.
=650  \0$aRosendale.
=650  \0$aNew York.
=650  \0$aCement production.
=650  \0$aEducation.
=650  \0$aNatural cement.
=650  \0$aGeology.
=650  14$aNatural cement.
=650  24$aCanvass White.
=650  24$aDelaware and Hudson canal.
=650  24$aCement production.
=650  24$aGeology.
=650  24$aEducation.
=650  24$aRosendale.
=650  24$aUlster County.
=650  24$aNew York.
=700  1\$aBurmeister, Kurtis C.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100672.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100673
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=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100673$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100673$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA770
=082  04$a624.164$223
=100  1\$aChan, Cesar,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFundamental Frequency Testing of Segmental Retaining Wall (SRW) Specimens :$bTest Considerations /$cCesar Chan, Stephen Carino, Michael Durham, Kenneth C. Hover.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b10
=520  3\$aAs part of a larger investigation on freeze-thaw durability of masonry segmental retaining wall (SRW) units, specimens of various geometries were extensively evaluated for their resonant frequency prior to freeze-thaw exposure. These pretest trials were conducted to assess the applicability of the impact resonance method on these specimens, to identify factors affecting test result interpretation, and to obtain initial values for future comparison with values after freeze-thaw cycling. The importance of correctly identifying resonant frequencies corresponding to different modes of vibration of the specimen is highlighted, and methods to achieve this in the laboratory are discussed. The effects of specimen moisture content variations, temperature, and sampling parameters on resonant frequency are also presented.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSegmental retaining wall.
=650  \0$aFreezing and thawing.
=650  \0$aMoisture effects.
=650  \0$aVibration modes.
=650  \0$aResonant frequency.
=650  14$aSegmental retaining wall.
=650  24$aResonant frequency.
=650  24$aFreezing and thawing.
=650  24$aVibration modes.
=650  24$aMoisture effects.
=700  1\$aCarino, Stephen,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDurham, Michael,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHover, Kenneth C.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100673.htm

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=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100674$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100674$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aDG735
=082  04$a945.511$223
=100  1\$aWalsh, JJ.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPetrography :$bDistinguishing Natural Cement from Other Binders in Historical Masonry Construction Using Forensic Microscopy Techniques /$cJJ. Walsh.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b8
=520  3\$aPetrography is a microscopy method providing a revealing view of inorganic materials. Hydraulic cements rarely react completely and telltale residuals are detected by the petrographer. Combined with accurate chemical analysis, the petrographic examination not only identifies the original components but often allows for a quantitative assessment of material proportions. Such data are crucial for the proper conservation and rehabilitation of historic masonry structures. Portland cement, lime, and natural cement in any combination may be present in historic American masonry construction. A comprehensive petrographic examination serves as the basis for the successful creation and implementation of an historically accurate project specification. This paper provides insight into how various binders are properly distinguished. While technical data will be offered, the goal is to provide the architect or conservator with a general understanding of the methods employed by the petrographer and to demystify the often complicated mortar analysis report.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aRosendale.
=650  \0$aMasonry conservation.
=650  \0$aHistoric binders.
=650  \0$aMortar analysis.
=650  \0$aNatural cement.
=650  \0$aPetrography.
=650  14$aMortar analysis.
=650  24$aNatural cement.
=650  24$aPetrography.
=650  24$aRosendale.
=650  24$aHistoric binders.
=650  24$aMasonry conservation.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100674.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100676
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100676$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100676$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA439
=082  04$a620.136$223
=100  1\$aEdison, MP.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aNatural Cement in the 21st Century /$cMP. Edison.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b8
=520  3\$aNatural cement, the predominant hydraulic binder of the 19th century, has re-emerged in the 21st century as a restoration material. Engineers, architects, conservators, and owners must be able to rely upon modern natural cements to meet the same performance criteria as historic cement materials. In addition to the performance criteria, natural cement must provide the working characteristics demanded by contemporary tradespeople and the aesthetic results expected in high-quality historic restoration work. Historic standards for natural cement are reviewed and criteria used in developing the recently reinstated ASTM C 10 Standard Specification for Natural Cement are discussed. Recent research into the effectiveness of set and flow modifying admixtures with natural cement is presented, as well as an overview of producing color matches for natural cement mortars and stuccos.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCement $xCongresses.
=650  \0$aCement.
=650  \0$aColor matching.
=650  \0$aTime of setting.
=650  \0$aStandardization.
=650  \0$aHistoric cement.
=650  \0$aNatural cement.
=650  14$aNatural cement.
=650  24$aHistoric cement.
=650  24$aStandardization.
=650  24$aTime of setting.
=650  24$aColor matching.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100676.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100680
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100680$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100680$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQE511.44
=082  04$a551.8/72$223
=100  1\$aByun, T. S.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aStrain Hardening During Mechanical Twinning and Dislocation Channeling in Irradiated 316 Stainless Steels /$cT. S. Byun, N. Hashimoto.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b40
=520  3\$aLocalized deformation mechanisms and strain-hardening behaviors in irradiated 316 and 316LN stainless steels were investigated, and a theoretical model was proposed to explain the linear strain-hardening behavior during the localized deformation. After low temperature irradiation to significant doses, the deformation microstructure changed from dislocation tangles to channels or mechanical twins. It was also observed that irradiation hardening straightened gliding dislocations and increased the tendency for forming pileups. Regardless of these microstructural changes, the strain-hardening behavior was relatively insensitive to the irradiation. This dose-independent strain-hardening rate resulted in dose independence of the true stress parameters, such as the plastic instability stress and true fracture stress. In the proposed model, the long-range back stress was formulated as a function of the number of pileup dislocations per slip band and the number of slip bands in a grain. The calculation results confirmed the experimental observation that strain-hardening rate was insensitive to the change in deformation mechanism because the long-range back stress hardening became as high as the hardening by tangled dislocations.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aStrain localization.
=650  \0$aDislocation channels.
=650  \0$aMechanical twins.
=650  \0$aPileup dislocations.
=650  \0$aRadiation effect.
=650  14$aRadiation effect.
=650  24$aStrain-hardening behavior.
=650  24$aStrain localization.
=650  24$aDislocation channels.
=650  24$aMechanical twins.
=650  24$aLong-range back stress.
=650  24$aPileup dislocations.
=700  1\$aHashimoto, N.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100680.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100681
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=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100681$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100681$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC176.8.R3
=082  04$a530.41$223
=100  1\$aWang, J. A.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aInformation Fusion Embrittlement Models for U.S. Power Reactor Pressure Vessel Steels /$cJ. A. Wang, N. S. V. Rao, S. Konduri.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (24 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b25
=520  3\$aA new approach of utilizing information fusion technique is developed to predict the radiation embrittlement of reactor pressure vessel steels. The Charpy transition temperature shift data contained in the Power Reactor Embrittlement Database is used in this study. Six parameters—Cu, Ni, P, neutron fluence, irradiation time, and irradiation temperature—are used in the embrittlement prediction models. The results indicate that this new embrittlement predictor achieved reductions of about 49.5 % and 52 % in the uncertainties for plate and weld data, respectively, for pressurized water reactor and boiling water reactor data, compared with the Nuclear Regulatory Commission Regulatory Guide 1.99, Rev. 2. The implications of dose-rate effect and irradiation temperature effects for the development of radiation embrittlement models are also discussed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aRadiation damage.
=650  \0$aInformation fusion.
=650  \0$aPower reactor.
=650  14$aPower reactor.
=650  24$aReactor pressure vessel embrittlement.
=650  24$aInformation fusion.
=650  24$aRadiation damage.
=700  1\$aRao, N. S. V.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKonduri, S.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100681.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100686
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100686$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100686$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP362
=082  04$a629.256$223
=100  1\$aDavis, Glen,$eauthor.
=245  10$aHeavy-Duty Diesel Engine Cavitation Test /$cGlen Davis, Mark Sarlo.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aThe objective of this study was to develop a test procedure to evaluate the ability of a heavy-duty diesel engine coolant to provide protection against damage resulting from a phenomenon known as cylinder liner cavitation corrosion. The engine cavitation test procedure was developed by modifying a production OEM diesel engine to consistently produce the operating conditions that accelerate damage from cylinder liner cavitation. The resulting, 250-h test procedure was able to quantify a coolant’s ability to protect wet-sleeve cylinder liners from cavitation corrosion. Dozens of coolants were evaluated using this test procedure. The ranking of cylinder liner pit area counts from this procedure’s discrimination matrix was in agreement with the ranking of pit area results seen in high-mileage field tests. Conversely, upon investigation, an acceptable correlation could not be established between field test pit area counts and the results from a known bench test. Obtaining results in a few weeks from a short duration procedure such as this can offer a coolant formulator advantages compared to waiting for the completion of a properly conducted field test. This test procedure creates an accelerated, yet realistic level of liner cavitation that ranks protection levels of coolants being evaluated. This ranking or discrimination is often not possible in field testing because the field test is run under mild service conditions or the engine components have little tendency to promote liner pitting. In addition, the difficulty in controlling field tests often yields unusable, inaccurate results. The test procedure was shown to be repeatable within labs and reproducible between labs thus confirming the viability of this test procedure as a useful tool to assess a coolant’s ability to protect against cylinder liner cavitation damage. It is recommended that the presently developed test procedure be considered for adoption as an ASTM test method.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHeavy duty engine coolant.
=650  \0$aPitted area.
=650  \0$aPitting.
=650  \0$aCavitation.
=650  \0$aCylinder liner.
=650  \0$aEngine coolant.
=650  14$aCavitation.
=650  24$aPitting.
=650  24$aPitted area.
=650  24$aHeavy duty engine coolant.
=650  24$aCylinder liner.
=650  24$aEngine coolant.
=700  1\$aSarlo, Mark,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100686.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100690
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100690$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100690$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC790.95
=082  04$a539.7$223
=100  1\$aNishiyama, Yutaka,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPhosphorus Segregation and Intergranular Embrittlement in Thermally Aged and Neutron Irradiated Reactor Pressure Vessel Steels /$cYutaka Nishiyama, Kunio Onizawa, Masahide Suzuki.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b24
=520  3\$aA study on phosphorus (P) segregation at grain boundaries and intergranular embrittlement of reactor pressure vessel steels due to thermal aging and neutron irradiation has been performed for A533B steel plates and weld metals doped with different bulk levels of P. The initial P concentration at grain boundaries of these materials determined by scanning Auger microscopy ranged from 9 to 33 %. The materials thermally aged at temperatures ranging from 450 to 550°C for up to 10000 h exhibited increases in P concentration described by the McLean’s equation. A linear correlation was obtained between P concentration and Charpy 41 J transition temperature (T41J). Fracture toughness tests in the ductile-to-brittle transition temperature region have been conducted by the Master Curve method using 1T-CT specimens. The material subject to intergranular embrittlement exhibited the dual fracture toughness distributions typically observed in inhomogeneous materials. This was probably due to two types of initiation of cleavage and intergranular fracture. The lower tail analysis based on the Master Curve method enabled conservative fracture toughness estimates by fitting the lower fracture toughness arising from intergranular fracture. The relation between median KJc values estimated from the lower tail analysis and temperature appeared to follow the Master Curve. For neutron irradiated materials up to a fluence of 6.9×1019 n/cm2 (E>1 MeV) at 290°C by the Japan Materials Testing Reactor, an increase in grain boundary P segregation associated with decrease in carbon segregation was observed with increasing fluence. Relative significant hardening was recognized for the material with high bulk P content. Shifts in the reference temperature T0 and T41J were comparable for the thermally aged and irradiated materials.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPhosphorus segregation.
=650  \0$aMaster Curve.
=650  \0$aThermal aging.
=650  \0$aNeutron irradiation.
=650  \0$aFracture toughness.
=650  \0$aEmbrittlement.
=650  \0$aGrain boundary.
=650  14$aPhosphorus segregation.
=650  24$aGrain boundary.
=650  24$aThermal aging.
=650  24$aNeutron irradiation.
=650  24$aEmbrittlement.
=650  24$aFracture toughness.
=650  24$aMaster Curve.
=650  24$aReactor pressure vessel.
=700  1\$aOnizawa, Kunio,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSuzuki, Masahide,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100690.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100692
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100692$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100692$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA404.23
=082  04$a620.110285$223
=100  1\$aMalerba, L.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aModelling of Radiation Damage in Fe-Cr Alloys /$cL. Malerba, D. A. Terentyev, G. Bonny, A. V. Barashev, C. Bjorkas, N. Juslin, K. Nordlund, C. Domain, P. Olsson, N. Sandberg, J. Wallenius.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (19 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b89
=520  3\$aHigh-Cr ferritic/martensitic steels are being considered as structural materials for a large number of future nuclear applications, from fusion to accelerator-driven systems and GenIV reactors. Fe-Cr alloys can be used as model materials to investigate some of the mechanisms governing their microstructure evolution under irradiation and its correlation to changes in their macroscopic properties. Focusing on these alloys, we show an example of how the integration of computer simulation and theoretical models can provide keys for the interpretation of a host of relevant experimental observations. In particular we show that proper accounting for two basic features of these alloys, namely, the existence of a fairly strong attractive interaction between self-interstitials and Cr atoms and of a mixing enthalpy that changes sign from negative to positive around 8 to 10 % Cr, is a necessary and, to a certain extent, sufficient condition to rationalize and understand their behavior under irradiation. These features have been revealed by ab initio calculations, are supported by experimental evidence, and have been adequately transferred into advanced empirical interatomic potentials, which have been and are being used for the simulation of damage production, defect behavior, and phase transformation in these alloys. The results of the simulations have been and are being used to parameterize models capable of extending the description of radiation effects to scales beyond the reach of molecular dynamics. The present paper intends to highlight the most important achievements and results of this research activity.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aRadiation damage.
=650  \0$aMultiscale modelling.
=650  14$aMultiscale modelling.
=650  24$aRadiation damage.
=650  24$aFeCr alloys.
=700  1\$aTerentyev, D. A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBonny, G.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBarashev, A. V.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBjorkas, C.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aJuslin, N.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNordlund, K.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDomain, C.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aOlsson, P.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSandberg, N.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWallenius, J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100692.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100693
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100693$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100693$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQA36
=082  04$a510$223
=100  1\$aGelles, D. S.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMicrostructural Features in Aged Erbium Tritide Films /$cD. S. Gelles, L. N. Brewer, P. G. Kotula, D. F. Cowgill, C. C. Busick, C. S. Snow.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b10
=520  3\$aErbium is used as a storage medium for tritium. Microstructural study of helium bubble generation from tritium decay in erbium tritide can provide an unusual example of bubble development with negligible radiation damage. Aged erbium tritide film specimens were found to contain five distinctly different microstructural features. The general structure was of large columnar grains of ErT2. But on a fine scale, precipitates believed to be erbium oxy-tritides and helium bubbles could be identified. The precipitate size was in the range of ∼10 nm and the bubbles were of an unusual planar shape on {111} planes with an invariant thickness of ∼1 nm and a diameter on the order of 10 nm. Also, an outer layer containing no fine precipitate structure and only a few helium bubbles were present on the films. This layer is best described as a denuded zone which probably grew during aging in air. Finally, large embedded Er2O3 particles were found at low density and nonuniformly distributed, but sometimes extending through the thickness of the film. A failure mechanism allowing the helium to escape is suggested by observed cracking between bubbles closer to end of life.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aErbium tritide.
=650  \0$aMicrostructure.
=650  \0$aHelium bubbles.
=650  \0$aTritium decay.
=650  14$aTritium decay.
=650  24$aHelium bubbles.
=650  24$aErbium tritide.
=650  24$aMicrostructure.
=700  1\$aBrewer, L. N.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKotula, P. G.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aCowgill, D. F.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBusick, C. C.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSnow, C. S.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100693.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100695
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100695$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100695$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK9211.5
=082  04$a621.48/332$223
=100  1\$aNikolaev, Yu. A.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aRadiation Embrittlement of Cr–Ni–Mo and Cr–Mo RPV Steels /$cYu. A. Nikolaev.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (17 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aRadiation embrittlement kinetics of Cr–Mo and Cr–Ni–Mo steels, used for manufacturing VVER-440 and VVER-1000 RPV steels, respectively, are under consideration. Radiation embrittlement of VVER-440 and VVER-1000 RPV steels exposed to irradiation for 17–22 years is analyzed. Extremely high levels of thermal aging of VVER-1000 RPV steels at 320°C is pointed out. The neutron flux effect problem and the problem of accelerated radiation embrittlement of welds with high nickel contents are emphasized. The effect of phosphorus, copper, silicon, manganese, and nickel contents on radiation embrittlement of VVER-440 and VVER-1000 RPV steels is studied using the Russian surveillance database and representative results of research programs. The trend curves for VVER-440 and VVER-1000 RPV steels are proposed. The mechanisms of radiation embrittlement of Cr–Ni–Mo and Cr–Mo RPV steels are supposed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aRadiation embrittlement.
=650  \0$aThermal aging.
=650  14$aReactor pressure vessel.
=650  24$aSurveillance specimens.
=650  24$aRadiation embrittlement.
=650  24$aPost irradiation annealing.
=650  24$aThermal aging.
=650  24$aDuctile-to-brittle transition temperature.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100695.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100696
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100696$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100696$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK9202
=082  04$a621.483$223
=100  1\$aShtrombakh, Ya. I.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMonitoring of Radiation Embrittlement of the First and Second Generation of VVER RPV Steels /$cYa. I. Shtrombakh, Yu. A. Nikolaev.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (18 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b30
=520  3\$aThe analysis of the current condition on the prediction of radiation embrittlement for VVER RPV materials of the first and second generation has been carried out. The radiation lifetime of a definite type of pressure vessel is determined by various parameters caused by operational features and the chemical composition of pressure vessel’s metal. The emphasis on re-irradiation embrittlement kinetics is given for the first generation of VVER RPV steels (VVER-440/179 and VVER-440/230 grades). The technique for the first generation RPV materials monitoring, based on sampling and studies of metal from the pressure vessel’s inner surface, is considered. The current program of cutting out templates, for the inner surface of a RPV wall, and their re-irradiation in surveillance channels of VVER-440 units with full core and dummy assembles is described. The new approaches to re-irradiation embrittlement models are analyzed. The basic problems of VVER-440/213 and VVER-1000 metal monitoring are analyzed. The representativity of VVER-440/213 and VVER-1000 RPV surveillance programs is discussed. The necessity of updating of the current standard reference dependences for the prediction of radiation embrittlement of RPV materials is shown. The most urgent questions of reactor dosimetry for VVER pressure vessel materials have been covered. The lifetime extension problem for the first and second generation of VVER units is considered.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aReactor pressure vessel.
=650  \0$aNuclear pressure vessels.
=650  \0$aRe-irradiation.
=650  14$aReactor pressure vessel.
=650  24$aRadiation embrittlement.
=650  24$aPost irradiation annealing.
=650  24$aRe-irradiation.
=650  24$aDuctile-to-brittle transition temperature.
=700  1\$aNikolaev, Yu. A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100696.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100698
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100698$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100698$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC176.8.R3
=082  04$a530.41$223
=100  1\$aDeo, C. S.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aKinetics of the Migration and Clustering of Extrinsic Gas in bcc Metals /$cC. S. Deo, S. G. Srinivasan, M. I. Baskes, S. A. Maloy, M. R. James, M. Okuniewski, J. Stubbins.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b29
=520  3\$aWe study the mechanisms by which gas atoms such as helium and hydrogen diffuse and interact with other defects in bcc metals and investigate the effect of these mechanisms on the nucleation of embryonic gas bubbles. Large quantities of helium and hydrogen are produced due to spallation and transmutation in structural materials in fusion and accelerator-driven reactors. The long time evolution of the extrinsic gas atoms and their accumulation at vacancies is studied using a kinetic Monte Carlo algorithm that is parameterized by the migration energies of the point defect entities. First-order reaction kinetics are observed when gas clusters with vacancies. If gas-gas clustering is allowed, mixed-order diffusion limited kinetics are observed. When dissociation of gas from clusters is allowed, gas-vacancy clusters survive to steady state while gas-gas clusters dissolve. We obtain cluster size distributions and reaction rate constants that can be used to quantify microstructural evolution of the irradiated metal.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aRadiation effect.
=650  \0$aTheory and modeling.
=650  \0$aFirst wall materials.
=650  \0$aKinetics.
=650  \0$aRadiation effects.
=650  \0$aStructural materials.
=650  14$aHelium.
=650  24$aKinetics.
=650  24$aStructural materials.
=650  24$aFirst wall materials.
=650  24$aRadiation effects.
=650  24$aTheory and modeling.
=700  1\$aSrinivasan, S. G.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBaskes, M. I.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMaloy, S. A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aJames, M. R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aOkuniewski, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aStubbins, J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100698.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100701
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100701$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100701$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA460
=082  04$a620.1628$223
=100  1\$aYutani, Kentaro,$eauthor.
=245  10$aIrradiation Hardening and Microstructure Evolution of Ion-irradiated ODS Ferritic Steels /$cKentaro Yutani, Ryuta Kasada, Hirotatsu Kishimoto, Akihiko Kimura.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b30
=520  3\$aIrradiation hardening and microstructural change of oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) ferritic steels were investigated by using the ion-irradiation technique. The material used for the present study was K3 (16C-2W-0.3Ti-4.6Al-0.4Y2O3) ODS ferritic steel for the application to Generation IV concept advanced reactors and fusion reactors. 6.4 MeV Fe3+ ions were used to irradiate to the K3 ODS steel by using a 1.7 MeV tandem accelerator. The irradiation temperatures were 300°C and 500°C. The nominal displacement damage rate and total displacement damage were 1×10−3 dpa/s and up to 10 dpa at about 600-nm depth from the irradiated surface, respectively. Nano-indentation hardness was evaluated with a Berkovich indenter. After the ion-irradiation at 300°C up to 1 dpa, the normalized nano-indentation hardness (hardness after irradiation/hardness before irradiation) of the K3 ODS steel reached about 1.28 and the value showed no change up to 10 dpa. On the other hand, the ion-irradiation at 500°C up to 10 dpa showed no significant irradiation hardening. TEM observation revealed that dense and fine dislocation loops were formed in the ion-irradiated steels at 300°C, which were probably enough to explain the irradiation hardening.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMicrostructure.
=650  \0$aIrradiation hardening.
=650  \0$aODS ferritic steel.
=650  \0$aIon-irradiation.
=650  \0$aNano-indentation.
=650  14$aODS ferritic steel.
=650  24$aIrradiation hardening.
=650  24$aMicrostructure.
=650  24$aIon-irradiation.
=650  24$aNano-indentation.
=700  1\$aKasada, Ryuta,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKishimoto, Hirotatsu,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKimura, Akihiko,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100701.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100705
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100705$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100705$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA417.6
=082  04$a620.11233$223
=100  1\$aMastorakos, I. N.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDD Simulations of Dislocation-Crack Interaction During Fatigue /$cI. N. Mastorakos, H. M. Zbib.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b22
=520  3\$aThe effect of different shaped cracks on fatigue behavior in metals is investigated with the help of the discrete dislocation dynamics (DD) technique. The cracks are represented as distributions of infinitesimal dislocation loops. The distribution is determined by an integral equation satisfying stress-free boundary conditions and containing a singular kernel of the third type. The stress field in the cracked domain is calculated using a superposition principle. The derived stress field describes the interaction between the crack and the dislocations into the framework of dislocation dynamics. The simulation results provide an insight on the three-dimensional character of the dislocation structure around the crack tip and its relation to the crack shape and number of cycles. The effect of the crack on the macroscopic yield stress is also computed for various crack sizes and shapes.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aFracture.
=650  \0$aDislocation dynamics.
=650  14$aFracture.
=650  24$aFatigue.
=650  24$aDislocation dynamics.
=700  1\$aZbib, H. M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100705.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100708
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100708$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100708$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN693.I7
=082  04$a669/.96142$223
=100  1\$aGerosa, R.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aInfluence of Metallurgical Parameters on the Coercive Strength of Some Carbon Steels /$cR. Gerosa, B. Rivolta, M. Cusolito, M. Valsecchi.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b8
=520  3\$aThe final properties of a wire rod for magnetic components are strongly influenced by the specific steps of the industrial cycle which can be different according to the specific chemical composition of the steel. In this experimental work, measurements of coercive strength have been carried out on wire rods in different metallurgical conditions. The influence of work-hardening, as a function of some different drawing ratios, and the restoring of the coercive strength within the accepted values by heat treatments have been investigated. The carbon content and the steel chemical composition have also been evaluated. The obtained results give important information to the wire rods manufacturers for the respect of the technical delivery conditions.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCoercive strength.
=650  \0$aCarbon steels.
=650  \0$aHeat treatments.
=650  14$aCarbon steels.
=650  24$aCoercive strength.
=650  24$aHeat treatments.
=700  1\$aRivolta, B.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aCusolito, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aValsecchi, M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100708.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100717
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100717$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100717$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTJ5
=082  04$a620.1$223
=100  1\$aGamble, Ron,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Feasibility of Using a Risk-informed Approach for Calculating Reactor Pressure Vessel Heatup and Cooldown Operating Curves /$cRon Gamble, William Server, Robert Carter.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b6
=520  3\$aThe current procedures for calculating pressure-temperature (P/T) limits for normal reactor startup and shutdown are defined by deterministic fracture mechanics methodology in the ASME Code, Appendix G (in both Section XI and Section III). The recent pressurized thermal shock (PTS) re-evaluation effort used a very thorough probabilistic fracture mechanics (PFM) evaluation to develop a technical basis to increase the PTS screening criteria. The feasibility of applying this same PFM methodology to evaluate normal startup and shutdown operation for both pressurized water reactor (PWR) and boiling water reactor (BWR) pressure vessels is described in this paper. The approach taken in this study was to define a new risk-informed margin term to be applied to the stress intensity factor for membrane tension (KIm) in Appendix G. The margin on KIm was determined by finding the value that results in a vessel failure frequency equal to 10−6 failures/reactor-year when the reactor operates up to the pressure-temperature limits calculated using the risk-informed margin. This simple approach was selected because it results in a minimum change to the current ASME Code procedure, is easy to apply when revising plant operating P/T limits, and allows for an increase in the allowable P/T limits by as much as would be provided by any alternate procedure. The results from this initial study indicate the margin on KIm in Appendix G can be reduced from 2 to 1.5 for PWR vessels for shutdown and potentially reduced from 2 to as low as 1 for startup. The results indicate the margin on KIm in Appendix G can be reduced from 2 to approximately 1 for BWR vessels for shutdown and potentially startup. Additional analyses for PWR and BWR vessels will be needed to develop a comprehensive risk-informed basis for any revisions to the ASME Code, Appendix G.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aProbabilistic Fracture MechanicS.
=650  \0$aApplied mechanics.
=650  \0$aRisk informed.
=650  14$aPressure-temperature limits.
=650  24$aRisk informed.
=650  24$aProbabilistic fracture mechanics.
=700  1\$aServer, William,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aCarter, Robert,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100717.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100718
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100718$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100718$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK9001
=082  04$a621.48$223
=100  1\$aErlin, Bernard,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCatching the Elusive Water-Cement Ratio Using Petrographic Methods—and Their Evaluation /$cBernard Erlin.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b18
=520  3\$aPetrographers use a variety of techniques for estimating the w/c and w/cm of hardened concrete. The estimates are routinely accepted by the concrete industry. Generally, four general methods are popular today: (1) water-droplet absorption; (2) scratch hardness; (3) combination of 12 or so microscopical and physical observations of the paste; and (4) methods where thin sections of concrete are impregnated with blue- or fluorescent-dyed epoxy. Sometimes combinations are used. There are few specific details in the literature for assessing the precision of the w/c using these methods except for the fluorescence technique, where there has been controversy about its claimed accuracy. The degree of interpretation of data from each method is based upon the comfort of petrographers in extending their expertise to provide that estimate. The deftness, skill, and experience of the petrographers will usually dictate their comfort zone. However, sometimes confounding that estimate is the existing concrete condition. The acceptability of the petrographic estimates depends on: (1) competency of the petrographer; (2) validity of the technique(s) used; (3) ability of the petrographer to qualify the techniques used; (4) the purpose(s) to which the data will be used; and (5) needs of those who either want to accept the estimates or debunk the estimates—for whatever reason.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aElectrical and Electronic Engineering.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100718.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100719
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100719$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100719$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK9001
=082  04$a621.48$223
=100  1\$aEfsing, Pål,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAnalysis of the Ductile-to-Brittle Transition Temperature Shift in a Commercial Power Plant With High Nickel Containing Weld Material /$cPål Efsing, Christer Jansson, Tom Mager, Göran Embring.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b22
=520  3\$aPlant specific surveillance programs that ideally include all relevant materials and materials combinations that are subjected to neutron irradiation during operation address the degradation due to irradiation of the reactor pressure vessel material for nuclear electric power plants. Plant specific surveillance programs are not unique to the two power plants treated in this study. The current Swedish regulatory system does, however, call for a fairly rigid approach within the surveillance program. In the Swedish case, this means that there is a plant specific predetermined inspection∕test program that has to be followed in order to verify the operability of the power plant and also to verify the operational limits with respect to pressure∕temperature effects on a repetitive basis. The two pressurized water reactor plants Ringhals 3 and 4 have in common that the weld metal used for the butt welds of the reactor pressure vessel is a high nickel type material, above the current limits of the NUREG Reg. Guide 1.99, rev. 2. In the original state, the high nickel content provides excellent fracture toughness in the unirradiated material condition and a low ductile-to-brittle transformation temperature (DBTT). It has, however, been highlighted in several studies that high nickel materials exhibit a very large DBTT shift as a consequence of irradiation, and also that the precipitates that form during the irradiation are not as easily controlled during a heat treatment to remove the irradiation damage as are the copper rich clusters. This paper will present the current state of the art regarding these effects as observed in the weld metal specimens. The paper will present the results from the Charpy V notched and fracture mechanics specimen test encapsulated in the Ringhals Units 3 and 4 surveillance programs. The results from the Ringhals Units 3 and 4 surveillance programs show that there is a need for corrective action to be taken in order to ensure 60 y of operability for the two power plants.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aElectrical and Electronic Engineering.
=700  1\$aJansson, Christer,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMager, Tom,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aEmbring, Göran,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100719.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100724
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100724$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100724$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP883
=082  04$a666.94$223
=100  1\$aWillett, Linda,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMasonry Repairs at Cheshire Mill No. 1, Harrisville, New Hampshire /$cLinda Willett, Frederick O’Connor.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references.
=520  3\$aThe first modern-day application of Rosendale natural cement mortars in a significant historic restoration is described. The background of Cheshire Mill No. 1 in Historic Harrisville, New Hampshire, the analyses of its original mortar composition, and the successful use of natural cement for in-kind repointing are detailed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aRosendale cement.
=650  \0$aPortland cement.
=650  \0$aRepointing.
=650  \0$aHistoric restoration.
=650  \0$aHistoric mortar.
=650  \0$aNatural cement.
=650  \0$aRosendale cement.
=650  14$aHistoric restoration.
=650  24$aNatural cement.
=650  24$aHistoric mortar.
=650  24$aRepointing.
=650  24$aRosendale cement.
=700  1\$aO’Connor, Frederick,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100724.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100728
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100728$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100728$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK9185.A1
=082  04$a621.4833$223
=100  1\$aServer, William,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAttenuation of Neutron Radiation Damage Through a Simulated RPV Wall /$cWilliam Server, Jack Spanner, Stan Rosinski, Milan Brumovsky, Milos Kytka.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b4
=520  3\$aAn experiment has been conducted in which a 180-mm thick reactor pressure vessel (RPV) wall has been simulated using eighteen 10-mm slices and irradiated under test reactor conditions to investigate the through wall attenuation of neutron embrittlement. Attenuation of neutron radiation damage through the wall of an RPV is a process that involves a changing neutron flux spectrum. The effect of the changing spectrum has not been fully studied to define the change in fracture toughness properties through the RPV wall. One low copper content base metal and one high copper content Linde 80 weld metal have been irradiated in various positions through the simulated wall to allow quantification of an improved experimentally-based embrittlement attenuation model. Comparisons are made of predicted attenuation changes in toughness properties with measured fracture toughness and Charpy V-notch results for the high copper content weld metal and the low copper content plate. The predictions of through-wall attenuation follow the practice defined in ASTM E 900-02, in which the attenuation of high energy neutron fluence (E >1 MeV) is projected based upon displacements per atom (dpa) change through the wall thickness. The resultant degree of material damage (Charpy V-notch 41 J transition temperature, T41J) using this dpa-based fluence change is estimated also using the ASTM E 900-02 embrittlement model. The irradiation-induced shift in T41J (ΔT41J) is typically assumed to infer the shift in fracture toughness transition temperature to be used for structural integrity assessments for the reactor pressure vessel. This assumption will be checked by measuring Master Curve fracture toughness properties for the high copper content weld metal and the low copper content plate.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aReactor pressure vessel.
=650  \0$aAttenuation of damage.
=650  \0$aCharpy shift.
=650  14$aAttenuation of damage.
=650  24$aMaster Curve fracture toughness.
=650  24$aCharpy shift.
=650  24$aSimulated reactor pressure vessel wall.
=700  1\$aSpanner, Jack,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRosinski, Stan,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBrumovsky, Milan,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKytka, Milos,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100728.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100730
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100730$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100730$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA460
=082  04$a620.1628$223
=100  1\$aHall, J. Brian,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMaster Integrated Reactor Vessel Surveillance Program /$cJ. Brian Hall, Dan F. Spond.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b17
=520  3\$aThe B&W Owners Group Master Integrated Reactor Vessel Surveillance Program (MIRVP) was initiated in 1977 for the B&W 177 fuel assembly (FA) plants. Its purpose was to augment the existing reactor vessel surveillance programs and provide a basis for sharing information between plants. All of the early vintage B&W-manufactured reactor vessels were fabricated using the submerged arc welding process and particular consumables, which resulted in welds that are sensitive to fast-neutron exposures. The welds in these vintage B&W-manufactured reactor vessels are referred to as the Linde 80 class of materials. In 1988, the MIRVP was further modified to include a series of plants with the Westinghouse Nuclear Steam Supply System for which B&W manufactured the reactor vessels. These vessels have virtually identical welds as those used in the B&W 177 FA plants. The overall objective of the MIRVP is to provide the data necessary to ensure compliance with U.S. Federal Regulations. With the extension of operating licenses to 60 years for many of the member plants, the program was re-evaluated to ensure that data will be available for 60 and 80 years of operation. Projected reactor vessel fluence levels at 60 and 80 years were compared to available data and projected irradiations of the surveillance capsules that continue to be irradiated. This paper presents an overview of the MIRVP, data evaluation, results, and the withdrawal schedule adjustments. The program has adequate surveillance capsules to meet the irradiation needs of the participating plants for 80 years; however, the planned withdrawal schedule has been adjusted.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aIrradiation embrittlement.
=650  \0$aCapsule withdrawal.
=650  \0$aLicense renewal.
=650  \0$aLinde 80 welds.
=650  14$aRVSP.
=650  24$aMIRVP.
=650  24$aIntegrated Reactor Vessel Surveillance Program.
=650  24$aLinde 80 welds.
=650  24$aLicense renewal.
=650  24$aIrradiation embrittlement.
=650  24$aCapsule withdrawal.
=700  1\$aSpond, Dan F.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100730.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100742
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100742$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100742$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aHE199.5.D32
=082  04$a363.25/933$223
=100  1\$aSingh, S. P.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aHigh-Altitude Testing and Evaluation of Liquid Pharmaceutical Glass and Plastic Bottles to Detect Leaks /$cS. P. Singh, G. Burgess, J. Singh, H. Lockhart.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aThis paper discusses the impact on package integrity of high-altitude shipments of glass and plastic bottles. High altitudes are encountered when trucks travel over mountain passes and when cargo and feeder aircraft transport packages in nonpressurized or partially pressurized cargo holds. This is the second research study conducted on liquid product shipments. The first was done on liquid hazardous material combination packaging. The testing of pharmaceutical packaging is critical since the integrity of the product may be compromised during shipping and handling. Current shipping tests performed in labs do not account for simultaneous pressure changes and vibration. This study shows that packages currently being used for shipments of liquid pharmaceuticals that are tested to existing ASTM and ISO shipping tests are often inadequate, and can result in a significant number of leakers. Testing under combined vibration and pressure is necessary to ensure integrity.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHigh altitude.
=650  \0$aPackaging.
=650  \0$aPharmaceutical.
=650  \0$aAir shipments.
=650  \0$aBottles.
=650  \0$aLiners.
=650  14$aPackaging.
=650  24$aPharmaceutical.
=650  24$aLeaks.
=650  24$aHigh altitude.
=650  24$aAir shipments.
=650  24$aLiners.
=650  24$aBottles.
=700  1\$aBurgess, G.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSingh, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLockhart, H.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100742.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100743
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100743$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100743$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK7874.887
=082  04$a621.381$223
=100  1\$aKaoumi, D.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aGrain Growth in Nanocrystalline Metal Thin Films under In Situ Ion-Beam Irradiation /$cD. Kaoumi, A. T. Motta, R. C. Birtcher.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b21
=520  3\$aIn-situ observations in a transmission electron microscope (TEM) were used to study the microstructure evolution in metal Zr, Pt, Cu, and Au nanocrystalline thin films under ion-beam irradiation. Free-standing films were prepared by sputter deposition. Samples were irradiated in-situ at the Intermediate Voltage Electron Microscope (IVEM) at Argonne National Laboratory with Ar and Kr ions to fluences in excess of 1016 ion/cm2. As a result of irradiation, grain growth was observed in all samples using Bright Field (BF) imaging in the TEM. The average grain size increased monotonically with ion fluence until it reached a saturation value. Similarly to thermal grain growth, the ion-irradiation induced grain growth curves could be best fitted with curves of the type: Dn-D0n=KΦ. The irradiations were done at temperatures ranging from 20 to 773 K. The results suggest the existence of three regimes with respect to irradiating temperature: (i) a purely thermal regime, which appears to start above the bulk coarse-grained recrystallization temperature, (ii) a thermally assisted regime where thermal diffusion and irradiation effects combine to increase the rate of grain growth relative to that resulting from either of these mechanisms alone, and (iii) an athermal regime (low-temperature regime) where irradiation can by itself cause grain growth. The transition temperature between the athermal regime and the thermally assisted regime depends on the material, but is in the range 0.14–0.22 times the melting point. The influence of the ion type was also investigated on Zr-Fe irradiated with 600 keV Kr ions versus 600 keV Ar ions.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aNanocrystalline.
=650  \0$aGrain growth.
=650  \0$aThin film.
=650  \0$aIon beam irradiation.
=650  14$aIon beam irradiation.
=650  24$aGrain growth.
=650  24$aThin film.
=650  24$aIn-situ.
=650  24$aTEM.
=650  24$aNanocrystalline.
=700  1\$aMotta, A. T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBirtcher, R. C.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100743.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100745
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100745$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100745$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aUC503
=082  04$a623.4/41$223
=100  1\$aSingh, Jay,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Relevance of Drop Tester Accuracy /$cJay Singh, Keith Vorst, S. Paul Singh, Matt Lao.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aASTM D 5276-98 “Standard Test Method for Drop Test of Loaded Containers by Free Fall,” [1] was written as the general test specification for permitting free-fall drop tests for packaged products. One of the fundamental characteristics for drop testers used to perform ASTM D 5276 is that they must produce a flat drop with tolerance limit set at ±2 deg. For drops other than flat drops, such as edges and corners, tolerance limits of ±5 deg have been specified. Although most drop testers are calibrated during manufacturing, they are often not checked for accuracy at their lab locations. This is primarily due to the lack of a calibration standard. This paper investigates the importance of drop test accuracy and reports observations, measurements, and documentation of changes in acceleration and velocity change measured on a test specimen as it is subjected to drops with increasing deviation from the desired impact orientation. A statistical analysis of accelerations as impact orientations deviated is provided and statistical trends in the data as impact angles change are reported. The results suggested that the existing tolerances for performing drops within ±2 deg as recommended by ASTM D 5276 are acceptable for flat drops and the tolerances for performing edge and corner drops within ±5 deg are not acceptable as they can result in larger deviations as the offset is increased beyond ±2 deg.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aDrop testing.
=650  \0$aFlat drops.
=650  \0$aNon-flat drops.
=650  \0$aTolerance limit.
=650  14$aD 5276–98.
=650  24$aDrop testing.
=650  24$aTolerance limit.
=650  24$aFlat drops.
=650  24$aNon-flat drops.
=700  1\$aVorst, Keith,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSingh, S. Paul,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLao, Matt,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100745.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100748
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100748$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100748$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK9001
=082  04$a621.48$223
=100  1\$aKelly, W. Robert,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Method for the Preparation of NIST Traceable Fossil Fuel Standards with Concentrations Intermediate to SRM Values /$cW. Robert Kelly, Bruce S. MacDonald, Stefan D. Leigh.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aA procedure is presented whereby the fossil fuel community may design and mix SRMs in different proportions and thereby produce in their laboratory standards for sulfur in distillate fuel oil, residual fuel oil, and coal of almost any desired concentration with uncertainties that are calculable and traceable to NIST SRM certified values. The expanded uncertainty, U, of a binary blend is always less than the U of the component with the largest uncertainty, and in some cases it is less than either of the SRM components. Because the sulfur content of all fossil fuel SRMs was certified at NIST with high accuracy and precision by isotope dilution thermal ionization mass spectrometry, in almost all cases the total expanded uncertainties of the standards produced from binary mixtures are an order of magnitude smaller than the reproducibility of current methods used in commercial laboratories. The use of this method gives the SRM user a continuum of concentrations available for calibrants and quality control test samples. Unlike calibrants prepared from high purity components, this method enables the SRM user to create a customized series of calibrants in the fossil fuel matrix of interest. This should reduce or eliminate biases that result from differences in matrix composition among standards and unknowns.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aElectrical and Electronic Engineering.
=700  1\$aMacDonald, Bruce S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLeigh, Stefan D.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100748.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100754
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100754$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100754$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aS591
=082  04$a634.9$223
=100  1\$aPenner, Donald,$eauthor.
=245  10$aNovel Adjuvants for Targeting Pesticide Delivery /$cDonald Penner.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (4 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b7
=520  3\$aWater repellent adjuvants increase the surface tension in contrast to surfactants that decrease surface tension of spray solutions. Increasing the surface tension spray droplets could potentially bounce through the plant foliage and canopy to target sites below. In this study organosilicone water repellents were applied with the herbicide, flumioxazin, and the insecticides, permethrin and carbaryl in greenhouse trials. Foliar retention was determined with the addition of Chicago sky blue dye which could be measured spectrophotometrically. Only the inclusion of DC1-6184 consistently reduced foliar retention of the various spray solutions on the spectrum of test plants.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCarbaryl.
=650  \0$aFlumioxazin.
=650  \0$aPenetration.
=650  \0$aPermethrin.
=650  \0$aSpray retention.
=650  \0$aWater repellents.
=650  14$aWater repellents.
=650  24$aFlumioxazin.
=650  24$aPermethrin.
=650  24$aCarbaryl.
=650  24$aSpray retention.
=650  24$aPenetration.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100754.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100774
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100774$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100774$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA680
=082  04$a624.1/8341$223
=100  1\$aBernard, E. S.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aStatistical Distribution of Fiber-Reinforced Concrete Beam Test Data /$cE. S. Bernard, G. G. Xu.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b17
=520  3\$aExperience in post-crack performance testing of fiber-reinforced concrete (FRC) and shotcrete (FRS) using beams has demonstrated that variability both at first crack and in the post-crack range is high. When variability in performance is high it is important to carefully consider the within-set standard deviation in order to distinguish significant from insignificant differences between sets of data. It is also important to consider the characteristic distribution of results and use an appropriate probability distribution function (PDF) to estimate the standard deviation. The present investigation has sought to identify whether the Normal probability distribution function is the most appropriate model describing variability in cracking and post-crack performance parameters derived using beam tests.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFiber-reinforced concrete.
=650  \0$aModulus of Rupture.
=650  \0$aVariability.
=650  14$aFiber-reinforced concrete.
=650  24$aModulus of Rupture.
=650  24$aPost-crack performance.
=650  24$aVariability.
=650  24$aProbability distribution function.
=700  1\$aXu, G. G.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100774.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100775
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100775$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100775$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTJ266
=082  04$a621.406$223
=100  1\$aSelby, T. W.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aStudies of the Oxidation Dynamics of Turbine Oils—Initial Data from a New Form of the Rotating Pressure Vessel Oxidation Test /$cT. W. Selby, S. W. Froelicher, James Secrist.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b2
=520  3\$aThe importance of oxidation-resistant turbine oils in the various applications in which turbines are used is difficult to understate. Turbines in themselves are very costly energy-converting mechanisms which, among many other applications, provide much of the electricity for the power grids of modern society. Most critical to these turbines are the lubricants that are essential to their operation in long, dependable service. Equally critical, then, are the tests that determine the acceptability of these turbine oils and the understanding of the oxidation mechanisms that cause these oils to form deposits and otherwise lose their ability to properly lubricate the turbine. This paper is a first report on a new dry-bath approach to not only determine antioxidation characteristics of turbine oils in the well-known Rotating Pressure Vessel Oxidation Test (RPVOT) but to enable the direct study and modification of the oxidation process as it occurs. The instrument not only eliminates the hot oil-bath associated with the RPVOT but also allows the test fluid to be available for direct monitoring of temperature, chemical content, and the effects of injecting reactants. In the process of gathering the preliminary information for this paper, it was found that significant exotherms may develop in the turbine oil at a critical stage of oxidation response. These exotherms can vary in duration and temperature rise depending on the nature of the antioxidant system and other properties of the formulated turbine oil. Moreover, the fact that these exotherms seem to mark a certain level of the oxidation process, brings the opportunity to more thoroughly investigate and understand oxidation processes as well as the chemistries of other lubricants.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aTurbine oils.
=650  \0$aTurbine oil.
=650  \0$aOxidation.
=650  \0$aTurbine lubricant.
=650  14$aTurbine lubricant.
=650  24$aTurbine oil.
=650  24$aOxidation.
=650  24$aRotating Pressure Vessel Oxidation Test (RPVOT)
=650  24$aRotating Bomb Oxidation Test (RBOT)
=650  24$aQuantum oxidation test.
=650  24$aDry-bath oxidation test.
=650  24$aDry-bath RPVOT.
=650  24$aASTM D 2272.
=700  1\$aFroelicher, S. W.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSecrist, James,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100775.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100776
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100776$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100776$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRJ482.R48
=082  04$a618.92/7$223
=100  1\$aTan, Xinyuan,$eauthor.
=245  10$aStrength of Quasi-Isotropic Co-Cured Composite Joints Under Quasi-static and Fatigue Loading /$cXinyuan Tan, Erian Armanios.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (25 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aThree composite joint configurations, namely, the straight laminate (SL), the single lap, and the single nested overlap (SNO) joints are investigated to ascertain the improvement of the SNO joint over the single lap joint under quasi-static and cyclic loading. The SNO joint is a co-cured composite joint design proposed previously, while the SL represents a perfect joint and serves as an upper bound for static strength and fatigue life comparisons. Stress-number curves are generated based on constant amplitude tension-tension cyclic loading at a frequency of 5 Hz and stress ratio (R) of 0.1 for quasi-isotropic graphite/epoxy (IM7/8551-7) joints. The maximum fatigue load is varied between an average of 70-90 % UTS for SL, 20–80 % ultimate tensile strength (UTS) for single lap joints and 40–95 % UTS for SNO joints. Fatigue run-out is defined at 1×106 cycles. The fatigue strength improvement of SNO joint is ascertained quantitatively through two indicators. Three quasi-static acoustic emission (AE) count peaks were identified during monotonic loading before eventually reaching a maximum at ultimate failure. The cumulative AE count peaks are used as a collective measurement of the significant damage event incurred under specific loading and subsequently correlated to the fatigue performance of each of these three joint configurations.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aComposite.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aAcoustic emission.
=650  \0$aJoints.
=650  14$aComposite.
=650  24$aJoints.
=650  24$aFatigue.
=650  24$aAcoustic emission.
=700  1\$aArmanios, Erian,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100776.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100783
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100783$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100783$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP884.A3
=082  04$a666/.893$223
=100  1\$aWoods, Amy Lamb,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffect of Material Parameters on Color of Cementitious Pastes /$cAmy Lamb Woods, Jae-Yong Lee, Leslie J. Struble.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (18 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aWhen matching in-situ concrete, such as for repairing or rehabilitating a structure, consideration must be given to its color. Matching the color can often be difficult and subjective. The aim of this study was to focus on the cement paste color component of concrete by performing laboratory experiments on hydrated paste samples to determine how various parameters affect the color. The two main categories investigated were: (1) materials and proportions, and (2) curing conditions. The lightness, hue, and saturation color values were measured using a colorimeter that gave L*a*b* numerical values. Cement powder color had the greatest effect on cement paste color. Other parameters that greatly affected the paste color were water-cement ratio, mineral admixtures, and hydration age for young pastes (less than 14 days). Parameters that showed very little effect were chemical admixtures and entrained air.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAdmixtures.
=650  \0$aCement.
=650  14$aAdmixtures.
=650  24$aCement.
=650  24$aColor.
=650  24$aPaste.
=700  1\$aLee, Jae-Yong,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aStruble, Leslie J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100783.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100801
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100801$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100801$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA439
=082  04$a620.136$223
=100  1\$aEdison, Leya L.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPerspectives :$bThe Reintroduction of Natural Cement /$cLeya L. Edison.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b23
=520  3\$aThe development of natural cement technology was the culmination of thousands of years of research and development. Its rise to become the primary hydraulic binder used in buildings and structures in the United States occurred in the 19th century. Today, it is again finding a place in the restoration industry. Ultimately, it is the understanding of both the history of this technology and its redefinition in contemporary technical terms that will guide appropriate use of this traditional 19th century material in 21st century restoration work. The First and Second American Natural Cement Conferences brought together experts from a wide variety of disciplines in order to re-establish and augment the base of knowledge for this technology and our connection to it.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCement $xCongresses.
=650  \0$aCement.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100801.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100809
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100809$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100809$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH2235
=082  04$a690/.120288$223
=100  1\$aColl, Kevin S.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCase History of the Use of Electronic Survey Techniques to Assess Planar Distortions in Building Facades /$cKevin S. Coll, David A. VanOcker.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references.
=520  3\$aThe occurrence of distortions within facade elements in the form of leaning, bowed and vertically displaced wall construction is common in older structures. Quite often these conditions are identified by building owners and serve as the primary focus of investigations to assess their significance. Quantifying the severity and extent of these displacements is integral to these evaluations. Various surveying methods are available to assist the investigator in determining planar distortions, ranging from simple plumb bob and level surveys to digital electronic surveying techniques. This paper focuses on the use of electronic surveying techniques as a diagnostic tool in assessing planar distortions and displacement in three dimensions on building facades. A case study is presented as a typical application where planar displacements within a building facade needed to be assessed. To provide context for selection, use, and interpretation of various survey techniques, a project is reviewed in detail from initial identification of displacements, review/selection of an appropriate survey technique, manipulation, and interpretation of survey data, assessing the significance of the data relative to the case study building, and review of repair program parameters.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aElectronic survey techniques.
=650  \0$aBuilding envelope.
=650  \0$aDistortion.
=650  \0$aInvestigation.
=650  \0$aPlanar.
=650  \0$aAssessment.
=650  \0$aDisplacement.
=650  \0$aMasonry.
=650  \0$aSurvey.
=650  14$aFacade.
=650  24$aSurvey.
=650  24$aAssessment.
=650  24$aInvestigation.
=650  24$aMasonry.
=650  24$aPlanar.
=650  24$aDistortion.
=650  24$aDisplacement.
=650  24$aBuilding envelope.
=650  24$aElectronic survey techniques.
=700  1\$aVanOcker, David A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100809.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100811
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100811$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100811$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH4571
=082  04$a693.8/5$223
=100  1\$aSchmidt, Mark K.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aErroneous Design Assumptions and Construction Defects in a Thin Stone Facade System /$cMark K. Schmidt, Jill H. Murphy.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references.
=520  3\$aDuring a routine close-up facade inspection of the exterior walls of a 15-year-old, 31-story office building, a loose 30-mm thick granite panel was discovered. Initially, it was believed that this movement was due to the location of the anchorages relative to the panel geometry. A more thorough examination of the panel was performed by inspecting the panel attachment from the interior of the building. This inspection revealed that one of the two epoxied wind load anchors had failed. An extensive investigation of the granite facade panels, including additional close-up exterior and interior inspections, structural analyses, and testing, was undertaken. Interior examinations revealed construction defects in the epoxied anchors. In addition, the structural analyses indicated a flaw in the original design that affected certain panels in high wind load zones. Repairs were designed to address the design and construction deficiencies. Supplemental panel anchorages were installed from the exterior of the building, thereby minimizing disruptions to building occupants. While the implemented panel repairs can be identified at close range, they are imperceptible from publicly accessible vantage points.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAnchorage design.
=650  \0$aConstruction defects.
=650  \0$aEpoxied pins.
=650  \0$aGranite panels.
=650  14$aEpoxied pins.
=650  24$aGranite panels.
=650  24$aAnchorage design.
=650  24$aConstruction defects.
=700  1\$aMurphy, Jill H.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100811.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100812
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100812$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100812$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTG335
=082  04$a625.7$223
=100  1\$aSchmidt, Mark K.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSnap, Crackle, Pop :$bRemediation of a Noisy Curtain Wall /$cMark K. Schmidt, W. Robert Hannen.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b1
=520  3\$aThis case study presents an investigation of disturbing noises emanating from the curtain wall system of a multi-story office building located in the southeastern United States. Shortly after the initial construction of the building, building occupants complained of loud popping noises emanating from the exterior building facade. These noises were of a frequency and magnitude to negatively influence the work environment in adjacent office space. The cause of the noises was investigated by several groups with conflicting results. At the request of the building’s general contractor, an investigation was undertaken to determine the cause of the disturbing noises and to develop remedial recommendations. This investigation included a detailed review of the curtain wall shop drawings and on-site observations to identify questionable details possibly responsible for the noises. The most probable cause of the noises was identified as diurnal solar gain that produced unaccommodated movements in the curtain wall system. The orientation and curvature of the wall combined to allow a thermal expansion that progressed along the wall. The details of the curtain wall construction restrained the movement, leading to sudden release of confining stress. To confirm this hypothesis, affected areas of the curtain wall were instrumented with accelerometers and deflection gages strategically located to pinpoint the origin of the noises. To further confirm the point-of-origin identified by the accelerometers, a series of exploratory openings were made to review curtain wall details. After the source of the noise was positively identified, remedial recommendations to mitigate the disturbance were implemented by the building owner.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCurtain wall.
=650  \0$aInstrumentation.
=650  \0$aNoises.
=650  \0$aThermal movements.
=650  14$aCurtain wall.
=650  24$aNoises.
=650  24$aThermal movements.
=650  24$aInstrumentation.
=700  1\$aHannen, W. Robert,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100812.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100815
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100815$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100815$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aZ669.8
=082  04$a020.72$223
=100  1\$aHaughton, Lonnie L.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aQualitative Sampling of the Building Envelope for Water Leakage /$cLonnie L. Haughton, Colin R. Murphy.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b35
=520  3\$aIndustry standards for intrusive water leakage evaluations of the building envelope are promulgated by ASTM E 2128, “Standard Guide for Evaluating Water Leakage of Building Walls,” which lays out a purposeful step-by-step methodology by which information is accumulated and succeeding sampling locations are identified by a skilled professional; however, some laypersons have criticized building envelope survey findings that are not derived statistically from random sampling. This paper notes that there are relatively few building envelope investigations for which statistical random sampling, in and of itself, is a legitimate or practical methodology for achieving a comprehensive understanding of the sources and mechanisms of water leakage and, therefore, the use of quantitative (i.e., statistical) survey protocols to evaluate the validity of purposeful qualitative sampling of the building envelope is not appropriate. Further, this paper demonstrates that a building envelope evaluation that has been carried out in conformance with ASTM E 2128 satisfies current rules of evidence that require an expert’s sampling methodology and analysis to be based upon “scientifically valid” principles. In addition, this paper identifies fundamental assumptions that guide the initial steps of most water leakage evaluations, proposes basic categories for prioritizing the sampling, and discusses the potentially complementary roles of limited surveys by plaintiff and defense experts.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBuilding envelope.
=650  \0$aRules of evidence.
=650  \0$aPurposive sampling.
=650  \0$aQualitative sampling.
=650  \0$aRandom sampling.
=650  \0$aInductive analysis.
=650  \0$aQualitative survey.
=650  14$aQualitative sampling.
=650  24$aQualitative survey.
=650  24$aPurposive sampling.
=650  24$aInductive analysis.
=650  24$aRandom sampling.
=650  24$aBuilding envelope.
=650  24$aASTM E 2128.
=650  24$aSubstantive significance.
=650  24$aRules of evidence.
=700  1\$aMurphy, Colin R.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100815.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100817
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100817$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100817$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA455.G44
=082  04$a624.1$223
=100  1\$aDalrymple, Gerald A.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aApplying C1601-06 “Standard Test Method for Field Determination of Water Penetration of Masonry Wall Surfaces” in Practice /$cGerald A. Dalrymple, A. Rhett Whitlock.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b7
=520  3\$aWater permeance of exterior masonry wall systems drives masonry restoration and repair design decisions from selection of flashing replacement to pointing to application of water repellents. ASTM C1601 was first issued in August 2004 and has not been used extensively in service by professionals to evaluate masonry wall surfaces. ASTM C1601 provides a standard method of measuring water permeance that can be used to evaluate existing wall surfaces prior to specifying repair methods and as a tool to evaluate the overall effectiveness of repair methods so that efficient repair options can be selected. This paper reviews the requirements of the test method, application of the test method and interpretation of test results. Historical test data are presented that illustrate use of the test method to evaluate wall systems and expected range of test results for existing and repaired wall systems that can be used to select appropriate repair procedures.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aLeakage.
=650  \0$aWind pressure.
=650  \0$aField testing.
=650  \0$aWater penetration.
=650  \0$aWind-driven rain.
=650  \0$aMasonry.
=650  14$aWater penetration.
=650  24$aLeakage.
=650  24$aMasonry.
=650  24$aField testing.
=650  24$aWind-driven rain.
=650  24$aWind pressure.
=700  1\$aRhett Whitlock, A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100817.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100824
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100824$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100824$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aE78.S65
=082  04$a614.4/275$223
=100  1\$aVeitch, D.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSizing for the Clothing Industry Using Principal Component Analysis—An Australian Example /$cD. Veitch, L. Veitch, M. Henneberg.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b17
=520  3\$aPrincipal component analysis was used to condense twelve anthropometric measurements into the first two principal components, which maximize information relevant to setting up a size and shape specification for the development of well-fitting apparel patterns, in this case for the manufacture of a bodice. The use of only two principal components allows for the specification of a practical sizing system. The database for the work consists of 54 measurements taken from 1330 adult women ranging in age from 18 to 70 + years measured in six capital cities in Australia in 2002 and 2004. The twelve measure subset was chosen by an experienced apparel pattern maker to be most relevant for a construction of a bodice pattern. Additionally, the measures were ordered in importance using all pair wise comparisons. This aspect of the work is essential in maximizing the retention of information using only two numbers. A new feature uses the scale dependency of principal component analysis to influence the accuracy of the reconstructed data using only the first two principal components. The paper defines 36 categories: twelve sizes and three shapes in each size. Percentages of women in the 36-size shape groups are determined. In as far as the sample of 1330 women is representative of the Australian population, the percentages provide valuable information for the apparel industry. The main purpose of the paper is to provide an example of how it is possible to improve sizing for clothing based on anthropometric body measurements in a manner acceptable to the apparel industry. The paper shows the body scans of a subset of nine actual women who illustrate the size and shape variations existing in this sample.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBody size.
=650  \0$aApparel.
=650  \0$aFemales.
=650  \0$aAnthropometry.
=650  14$aWomen.
=650  24$aFemales.
=650  24$aBody size.
=650  24$aShape.
=650  24$aAnthropometry.
=650  24$aApparel.
=700  1\$aVeitch, L.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHenneberg, M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100824.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100827
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100827$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100827$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.9.T45
=082  04$a621.3815/2$223
=100  1\$aMcGowan, Linda,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEvaluation of Debonding of Lamina from Foam and Repairs to Exterior Insulation and Finish System Façade /$cLinda McGowan, Scott Riley, Jim Connolly, William Shalkowski.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b7
=520  3\$aA large building in Denver, Colorado was constructed in 1999 with exterior insulation and finish system (EIFS) cladding. About a year after completion, the lamina started to debond from the foam on the darker-colored EIFS panels. Tests were conducted to determine the cause of the delamination. The influence of solar radiation was studied. Although elevated temperatures were measured in these areas, they were not above the “melting point” of the foam insulation. During the investigation it was discovered that the pattern of the fiberglass mesh appeared to be “embossed” in the foam surface. Microscopic examination confirmed that the surface of the foam had been locally dissolved in the pattern of the mesh. Chemical analysis and exposure tests performed on the fiberglass mesh used in the lamina revealed that plasticizers migrating from the mesh would attack the interface surface of the foam insulation at elevated temperatures that are below the typical melting point of the foam. The elevated surface temperatures of the darker-colored panels appeared to accelerate the effect of the plasticizers. The scope of repairs at the darker-colored EIFS included removal of the original lamina, preparation of the foam, and installation of new lamina. The mesh used in the new lamina was analyzed to ensure that it did not contain plasticizers capable of dissolving the foam. The lighter-colored EIFS had not exhibited widespread delamination of the lamina. However, the risk of migration of the plasticizers and the potential for future delamination still existed. Mechanical-fastening was used to secure the original lamina to the framing, then a new lamina was applied over the original lamina. This repair concept was dependent on proper bond between the new and original laminas. The bond was tested using techniques similar to those used for measuring adhesion for both new synthetic and cementitious base coat materials.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aLamina.
=650  \0$aDelamination.
=650  \0$aPlasticizer.
=650  \0$aRepairs.
=650  14$aDelamination.
=650  24$aE06.58.
=650  24$aExterior insulation and finish system.
=650  24$aEIFS.
=650  24$aLamina.
=650  24$aMesh.
=650  24$aPlasticizer.
=650  24$aRepairs.
=700  1\$aRiley, Scott,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aConnolly, Jim,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aShalkowski, William,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100827.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100842
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100842$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100842$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH2235
=082  04$a721/.2$223
=100  1\$aPeterson, J. Eric,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEnergy Savings Resulting from Building Envelope Upgrades in Mid-Rise Construction—A Case Study /$cJ. Eric Peterson, William H. Blodgett.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b1
=520  3\$aThe Bice House Dormitory on the campus “Grounds” of the University of Virginia was constructed in the mid-1970s as a dormitory for the nursing school. The building was an eight-story, concrete framed, residential facility with brick veneer cladding over steel stud framing systems. After more than 25 years of service, deficiencies in the brick façade, coupled with inadequate exterior wall framing, required removal and replacement of the entire exterior wall system from the interior drywall, up to and including the brick veneer. As part of the exterior wall replacement, window systems and insulation materials were upgraded. The building was also refitted with an air barrier system over the new exterior gypsum sheathing. Because existing individual packaged terminal air conditioning units were temporarily removed and reinstalled after renovation, the heating and cooling systems for the building remained unchanged, providing a unique opportunity to measure the true energy savings realized in a building strictly as a result of upgrading the building envelope. When the total heating and cooling costs after the first two full years of service were compared to the costs from years prior to the renovation (normalized for the temperature variations), a distinct reduction in energy costs were recognized from the improvements made during the renovation. The yearly energy consumption for the building was reduced by roughly 14 %, yielding a savings of roughly USD12,800 per year based on current energy costs. Based on a payback period method of analysis, the improvements will have paid for themselves in roughly 14 years.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBuilding envelope.
=650  \0$aRecladding.
=650  \0$aBrick.
=650  \0$aInsulation.
=650  \0$aRenovation.
=650  \0$aAir barrier.
=650  \0$aVeneer.
=650  \0$aEnergy savings.
=650  \0$aWindow.
=650  \0$aMasonry.
=650  14$aMasonry.
=650  24$aBrick.
=650  24$aVeneer.
=650  24$aWindow.
=650  24$aInsulation.
=650  24$aAir barrier.
=650  24$aRenovation.
=650  24$aRecladding.
=650  24$aEnergy savings.
=650  24$aBuilding envelope.
=700  1\$aBlodgett, William H.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100842.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100843
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100843$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100843$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aNA4130
=082  04$a721.0441$223
=100  1\$aHensel, Hans-Dieter,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPaving Design :$bIs Rigid-Fix External Stone Paving the Way to Go? /$cHans-Dieter Hensel.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b10
=520  3\$aRecent investigations into a number of paving failures in Australia have shown that very little is understood about the many aspects intrinsic to rigid-fix (stuck down) paving. This paper examines and documents some of the factors that can determine the success or failure of paving (assuming a high standard of workmanship). Additionally, it has become clear that most engineers who investigate paving failures fail to fully understand the complexities and interplay of the many factors. Such lack of knowledge leads to poor design, poor supervision, and ultimately poor performance. There are basically three types of paving systems—adhesive/mortar fix, sand-bedded, and setts/cobblestones in a soft mortar. All three systems are being used in Australia but there is undoubtedly an overriding rigid-fixing mentality. By fixing stone to a solid concrete base so that it cannot move is probably seen by most engineers and architects as the most straight-forward and most controllable solution. However, on analysis, it is a system that is subject to numerous potential lines of failure. Not only is there the nature of the stone itself such as the mineral composition, strengths, thermal characteristics, and porosity, but also the environment into which it is placed, the types of loading it is subject to, and how it is fixed. Stability of the base (including shrinkage), expansion/construction joints, size, thickness and shape of the pavers, the laying pattern, type of adhesive, thermal conditions at the time of fixing, influence of salts and water, and sealing, all play a significant role in determining the success or otherwise of rigid-fix paving.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPaving design.
=650  \0$aStone.
=650  \0$aPaving.
=650  \0$aExternal.
=650  \0$aDesign.
=650  \0$aFailures.
=650  14$aStone.
=650  24$aPaving.
=650  24$aFailures.
=650  24$aExternal.
=650  24$aDesign.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100843.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100845
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100845$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100845$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTJ163.2
=082  04$a621.483$223
=100  1\$aNaggatz, Steven G.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFull-scale Flexural Strength Testing for Stone Cladding Design /$cSteven G. Naggatz, Edward A. Gerns.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b5
=520  3\$aBeginning with the Industrial Revolution and rapidly increasing following World War II, building cladding systems changed dramatically. Exterior wall construction that had previously consisted of thick mass masonry evolved into contemporary curtain wall systems. As curtain wall systems evolved, the economics of reducing the thickness of curtain wall components became more important. The use of thin stone veneers on buildings in the modern era was not associated with increased knowledge of stone material properties based on testing and research. Rather, the reduction in thickness is attributable to advancements in fabrication technology, economy in construction, and a rational approach to design of veneer systems. This paper will discuss the evolution of the use of stone in curtain wall systems and the associated ASTM standards for building stone. Early ASTM standards for building stone were limited to tests used to evaluate the compression strength of stone which was consistent for mass bearing walls of the early 20th century. As stone was increasingly used more as a veneer, standards for modulus of rupture (ASTM C 99) were introduced. As systems continued to evolve, flexural strength (ASTM C 880) was introduced to address material variability. The evolution of ASTM C 880 included increasing specimen width to further incorporate variability of the stone. Recently, the authors have introduced full panel testing in the design and evaluation process. This paper will present data and discuss the differences in test results for three case studies where both ASTM C 880 specimens and full panel flexural strength testing was performed. The focus of this section will be to discuss the implications of performing full-size panel testing in addition to ASTM C 880 standard specimen testing on design of stone cladding systems for tall building construction as a natural evolution of the design and evaluation process for thin stone cladding systems.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFull scale.
=650  \0$aFlexural strength.
=650  \0$aSpecimen.
=650  14$aFlexural strength.
=650  24$aFull scale.
=650  24$aSpecimen.
=700  1\$aGerns, Edward A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100845.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100849
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100849$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100849$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRB170
=082  04$a616.07$223
=100  1\$aGatto, Vincent,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Review of Engine Oil Oxidation Bench Tests and Their Application in the Screening of New Antioxidant Systems for Low Phosphorus Engine Oils /$cVincent Gatto, William Moehle, Emily Schneller, Thalan Burris, Tyler Cobb, Mark Featherstone.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b42
=520  3\$aA review of current oxidation and deposit bench tests used for the evaluation of engine oil performance will be presented. Some of the more meaningful tests will be utilized to evaluate a number of antioxidant systems for oxidation and deposit control capabilities in engine oils formulated with 470 ppm of ZDDP-derived phosphorus. The antioxidant components are selected from a series of commonly used and commercially available materials plus one new developmental component. These components include an organo-molybdenum compound (MoDTC), an alkylated diphenylamine (NDPA), a conventional hindered phenolic (HPE), a high performance hindered phenolic (MBDTBP), and a new multi-functional boronated MBDTBP. The performance of these fully formulated engine oils will be ranked in the selected bench tests in order to highlight the benefits of each antioxidant system under evaluation. The results point to significant benefits with the molybdenum- and boronated-systems, or mixed molybdenum-/boronated-systems, for oxidation control, while systems containing NDPA and MBDTBP are favored more for deposit control. Unique and superior performing antioxidant systems will be recommended for screening in fired engine and bench wear tests.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aOxidation, Physiological.
=650  \0$aConventional coolants.
=650  \0$aHybrid coolants.
=650  \0$aExtended life coolants.
=650  \0$aViscosity increase.
=650  \0$aEngine oil.
=650  \0$aOxidation.
=650  \0$aStabilization.
=650  \0$aAntioxidants.
=650  \0$aBench tests.
=650  \0$aDeposits.
=650  14$aOxidation.
=650  24$aViscosity increase.
=650  24$aStabilization.
=650  24$aDeposits.
=650  24$aAntioxidants.
=650  24$aEngine oil.
=650  24$aBench tests.
=700  1\$aMoehle, William,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSchneller, Emily,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBurris, Thalan,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aCobb, Tyler,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFeatherstone, Mark,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100849.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100851
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100851$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100851$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTE270
=082  04$a625.85$223
=100  1\$aBortz, S. A.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aComparison of Field Testing with Laboratory Testing of the Durability of Stone /$cS. A. Bortz, Laura Powers, Bernhard Wonneberger.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (17 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b24
=520  3\$aSamples of three granites (Texas Pink, Mount Airy White, Academy Black), one marble (Carrara) and Indiana Limestone have been exposed to 11 years of natural weathering on the roof of a building in the Chicago area. Twice a year, the samples are visually reviewed. In addition, the changes in physical properties have been monitored using non-destructive test procedures for determination of the dynamic (sonic) modulus of elasticity. The sonic modulus measurements were recorded using procedures as outlined in ASTM C 215, “Standard Test Method for Fundamental Transverse, Longitudinal, and Torsional Frequencies of Concrete Specimens.” The sonic modulus measurements were compared to measurements of similar stone samples that were exposed to laboratory accelerated weathering testing. The exposed and protected surfaces have recently been examined petrographically, and the changes due to the natural weathering recorded. Based on this additional testing and evaluation, conclusions can be drawn which further indicate the use of accelerated weathering. Testing can effectively evaluate the long-term changes in the mechanical and physical properties of dimension stone when exposed to natural weathering.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aGranite.
=650  \0$aAcademy Black.
=650  \0$aTexas Pink.
=650  \0$aSonic modulus.
=650  \0$aMount Airy.
=650  14$aMount Airy.
=650  24$aGranite.
=650  24$aSonic modulus.
=650  24$aTexas Pink.
=650  24$aAcademy Black.
=700  1\$aPowers, Laura,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWonneberger, Bernhard,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100851.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100853
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100853$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100853$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aHV8843
=082  04$a365/.667$223
=100  1\$aErdly, Jeffrey L.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aInvestigation of Masonry Failure of a Granite and Limestone Clad Historic Church in Eastern Pennsylvania /$cJeffrey L. Erdly, Erik R. Valentino.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b4
=520  3\$aThe use of dimension stone was commonplace in turn of the century churches and St. George’s in Shenandoah, PA, is an example of granite and limestone construction set in the anthracite belt of Eastern Pennsylvania. The structure’s two towers, over 100 feet tall, have recently succumbed to age, the elements, and poor long-term repairs and maintenance that veiled shifting limestone and granite. Early detection did not occur due to the lack of periodic inspection following ASTM’s Standard E 2270 “Standard Practice for Periodic Inspection of Building Facades for Unsafe Conditions,” and the oldest Lithuanian Catholic Church in the United States has temporarily closed. Field observations have revealed a variety of failures. Limestone and the front entrance has outwardly displaced from the mass masonry brick backup nearly 1 in. at several locations. Granite masonry at the top of the towers has outwardly displaced 3/4 in. and has caused adjacent decorative limestone elements to displace up to 2 in. away from the wall. Spalled fragments of limestone of different sizes have fallen to the ground from varying heights at the rate of nearly one piece per month during recent years. A condition assessment examining the masonry deficiencies has been completed and the building now faces substantial repair options that may impact the building’s operational viability.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFailure.
=650  \0$aGranite.
=650  \0$aImproper maintenance.
=650  \0$aLimestone.
=650  \0$aMasonry failure.
=650  \0$aInvestigation.
=650  \0$aLack of inspection.
=650  \0$aInadequate repairs.
=650  \0$aChurch masonry.
=650  14$aGranite.
=650  24$aFailure.
=650  24$aMasonry failure.
=650  24$aChurch masonry.
=650  24$aLimestone.
=650  24$aInvestigation.
=650  24$aImproper maintenance.
=650  24$aInadequate repairs.
=650  24$aLack of inspection.
=700  1\$aValentino, Erik R.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100853.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100854
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100854$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100854$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTS1892
=082  04$a620.1/940287$223
=100  1\$aScheffler, Michael J.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aTesting of Composite Stone Faced Aluminum Honeycomb Panels /$cMichael J. Scheffler, Daren S. Kneezel.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b2
=520  3\$aPhysical and mechanical testing was conducted on composite stone faced aluminum honeycomb panels manufactured in the United States for use as exterior veneer panels on buildings. Testing was conducted on specimens cut from new stone faced panels as well as stone faced panels removed from service. For comparison purposes specimens cut from new unfaced honeycomb panels were also tested. The purpose of the testing was to measure certain strength, durability, and performance characteristics of the faced honeycomb panel’s composite construction. The stone faced specimens tested included those faced with travertine, limestone, and granite. Old travertine faced specimens had been in service for more than 18 years. The results very strongly suggest that the structural performance of the composite panel is dominated by the aluminum honeycomb portion. The stone portion is essentially a thin veneer adhered to the honeycomb that provides little if any structural strength.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAccelerated weathering.
=650  14$aAluminum, honeycomb, composite, stone faced, travertine, limestone, granite, flexural strength, tensile bond, accelerated weathering.
=700  1\$aKneezel, Daren S.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100854.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100855
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100855$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100855$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK9001
=082  04$a621.48$223
=100  1\$aSchouenborg, B.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aTesting and Assessment of Marble and Limestone (TEAM)—Important Results from a Large European Research Project on Cladding Panels /$cB. Schouenborg, B. Grelk, K. Malaga.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b24
=520  3\$aThe use of natural stone as facade cladding has been shown to have much lower life cycle costs and they are more environmentally friendly than comparable products of concrete, glass, and steel. Promoting the use of natural stone has therefore a great positive impact on the environment. However, the number of occurrences of bowing and expansion of marble and limestone panels has led to increased maintenance costs, significant safety risk, and negative publicity. The lack of knowledge of a solution to the problem of bowing marble has a large negative effect on the entire stone trade. In response, short-sighted and less durable construction solutions are used as an alternative, adding to the decreasing export figures and numbers of employees within the stone sector. The TEAM (TEAM=TEsting and Assessment of Marble and limestone) project addresses a problem with marble types, from several European countries, that display bowing on facades in both cold and warm climates. There is, therefore a need to develop harmonized European standards for differentiating between marble that is susceptible to bowing and marble that is not. Resolution No. 013, in May 1999 taken by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN), Technical Committee (TC) 246 Natural Stone states the urgent needs “to develop a direct test method of the bowing risk for marble cladding products.” Thus, the project addresses the mandate for external wall coverings and the safety of panels. This paper serves to give a comprehensive overview of the main findings in the project. The main objectives were: • To understand and explain the mechanisms of the expansion and loss of strength, probably the most important phenomena leading to degradation of marble and limestone clad facades. • To prevent the use of deleterious marble and limestone by introducing drafts for European standards. • To develop a concept for assessment of facades, including a monitoring system in order to predict strength development and improve safety and reliability. • To analyze if surface coating and impregnation could prevent or diminish the degradation. • To address quality control aspects in order to optimize the production conditions. The TEAM project consortium, representing nine EU (European union) countries, comprised sixteen partners representing stone producers and trade associations, testing laboratories, standardization and certification bodies, consultants, building owners and caretakers and producers of fixing and repair systems. A state-of-the-art report has been written and is based on an extensive compilation of more than 400 papers on marble and limestone deterioration dating from the late 1800s to 2006. A survey of about 200 buildings has given a clear picture of the extent of the problem in geographical, geological, and climatological terms. Detailed case studies of six buildings have resulted in a methodology for assessment of facades including monitoring system and risk assessment. Research both in the laboratory and the field were performed on a large number of different stone types from different countries and used in different climates. This gave the explanation of degradation mechanisms and led to the determination of the critical influencing factors. Two tests methods, including precision statements: one for bowing [1] and one for thermal and moisture irreversible expansion have been prepared for submission to CEN TC 246. Repair techniques based on the use of surface coating and impregnation systems has been tested at laboratory and in the field. Positive side effects including increased durability and easier cleaning have been observed. Guidelines for production and product control have been proposed, and an instruction for stone sampling and description has been developed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aElectrical and Electronic Engineering.
=700  1\$aGrelk, B.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMalaga, K.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100855.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100856
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100856$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100856$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH2431
=082  04$a695$223
=100  1\$aLewis, Michael D.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aStatus on Development of Code Requirements for Exterior Stone Cladding /$cMichael D. Lewis.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (4 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references.
=520  3\$aExisting building codes legislated to set minimum standards for construction state dangerously little about stone used to clad buildings. Without standards, failures have proliferated from the use of new materials in unproven applications and familiar materials in new systems. In response, the American National Standards Institute called upon the industry to develop standards that could be adopted into code. Past reliance on judgment without adequate experience must be replaced by uniform standards that include fundamental principles for the design and installation of contemporary systems to protect the public. To improve responsible use of stone as cladding, building codes must address differences from other veneers. Masonry veneers are more homogenous in production, erection, and behavior than stone, yet stone is presently governed by the same provisions of the building code. The in-progress Code Requirements will include parts of the present ASTM C1242 Standard Guide for Design and ASTM C1528 Standard Guide for Selection. The contents will address minimum material properties by stone type, engineering evaluation, attachment types, safety factors, joint design, and weather barrier integration. This is the status of the document’s development, which upon completion, is intended to be incorporated into the building code. ASTM Committee C18 on Dimension Stone has compiled the industry practice on behalf of producers, engineers, architects, contractors, and owners for over 80 years. While its standard test methods, material specifications, and guides are invoked by many projects’ construction documents, the documented knowledge is not currently incorporated into any of the model building codes, including the International Building Code. To develop the new standard Code Requirements for ANSI, professionals representing all interests of the stone building process are compiling the fundamental aspects of recommended stone cladding practice that should be mandatory.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCladding systems.
=650  \0$aBuilding code.
=650  \0$aCladding.
=650  \0$aSafety factor.
=650  \0$aAttachment.
=650  14$aBuilding code.
=650  24$aStone.
=650  24$aCladding.
=650  24$aANSI.
=650  24$aAttachment.
=650  24$aSafety factor.
=650  24$aASTM C18.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100856.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100857
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=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100857$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100857$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aHV8843
=082  04$a365/.667$223
=100  1\$aGrelk, B.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDurability of Marble Cladding—A Comprehensive Literature Review /$cB. Grelk, C. Christiansen, B. Schouenborg, K. Malaga.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (19 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b73
=520  3\$aNatural stone has been used for centuries as building material. In historical time it was mainly used as load bearing elements, but within the past 50 years a new processing technique has made it commercially feasible to produce and use thin façade cladding. Unfortunately, a number of marble facades on buildings in both Europe and elsewhere have had serious problems with deterioration of the stone material. The TEAM (TEAM = TEsting and Assessment of Marble and limestone) project consortium represents nine European countries and comprises 16 partners, representing stone producers and trade associations, testing laboratories, standardization and certificate bodies, consultants, building owners and caretakers and producers of fixing and repair systems. The project had a budget of approximately 5 million dollars and was partly funded by the European Commission under the contract no. G5RD-CT-2000-00233. Two of the main objectives in the TEAM project were: — To understand and explain the mechanisms of the expansion, bowing, and loss of strength leading to degradation of marble and limestone clad facades. — To prevent the use of deleterious marble and limestone by introducing a draft for new European standards. This paper presents some of the important conclusions drawn from a literature review carried out within the TEAM project—and was based on an extensive review of literature on marble and limestone deterioration dating from the late 1800s to 2006 and the results of the TEAM project. The comprehensive information from more than 70 selected literature references is reviewed and discussed in order to describe the present knowledge on the causes and mechanisms responsible for the bowing and strength loss of thin marble cladding. In the following, the literature and TEAM findings are grouped under a number of headings proposed to explain observations. Thus, the information from the literature is compared and supplemented with the results from the TEAM project in order to present a good overview of the existing, most relevant, knowledge in the field. The literature review reveals that only few researchers have examined the durability problem from a broad perspective. In addition, no conclusive answer about the mechanisms and influencing factors can be given. The TEAM project has made it possible to identify several of the key influencing factors in marble degradation, the relative importance of various factors, and to gain a deeper understanding of the mechanisms involved.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aLimestone.
=650  \0$aMarble.
=650  \0$aBowing.
=650  \0$aCladding.
=650  \0$aFinlandia Hall.
=650  \0$aDesign.
=650  \0$aDeterioration.
=650  \0$aInspection.
=650  \0$aThin veneer.
=650  \0$aDurability.
=650  14$aMarble.
=650  24$aCladding.
=650  24$aDurability.
=650  24$aLimestone.
=650  24$aFinlandia Hall.
=650  24$aBowing.
=650  24$aInspection.
=650  24$aDeterioration.
=650  24$aThin veneer.
=650  24$aDesign.
=700  1\$aChristiansen, C.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSchouenborg, B.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMalaga, K.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100857.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100858
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=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
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=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100858$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100858$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK9001
=082  04$a621.48$223
=100  1\$aLewis, Michael D.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCharacteristics That Affect the Integrity of Existing Thin Stone Cladding /$cMichael D. Lewis.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b1
=520  3\$aPrestigious structures began using thin natural stone panels as wall cladding to give them historic character in the late 1960s. Easier fabrication methods increased stone production and enabled larger, thinner panels that were lightweight. Unfortunately, engineering and testing did not keep pace. Inadequate initial evaluation of material durability and panel strength resulted in varying degrees of distress developing in some claddings. Because early stone cladding was installed with little structural analysis, current evaluation should predict capability by checking characteristics initial engineering likely ignored. Comprehending all characteristics that affect the integrity of thin stone cladding must be the objective of a responsible maintenance program. The program must evolve with each evaluation’s findings to adapt to the specifics of that building and its changes over time. Maintaining the safety of a building’s skin is essential to extending the service life of the whole structure. Verifying safety requires more than a cursory visual check for exposed elements to find them before they fall. In the past, stone cladding was completely removed from too many structures that experienced distress. Some evaluations misunderstood or misdiagnosed affect of distress on integrity. They failed to investigate some characteristics, or did not relate others, yielding an incomplete assessment. Adding evaluation of characteristics common to traditional structural assessment to a cladding program adds rigor and objectivity, avoiding misdiagnosis and unjustified expense. In rare cases, remove-and-replace-all may still be required, but only if gross problems exist with support. However, in most cases, an appropriate program will not only identify the parts creating the highest risk, but the program can prescribe selective replacement instead of complete recladding as a long-term remedy.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aElectrical and Electronic Engineering.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100858.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100862
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100862$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100862$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTL567.W5
=082  04$a629.134/52$223
=100  1\$aBrowne, Matthew,$eauthor.
=245  10$aTechniques for Predicting Cladding Design Wind Pressures /$cMatthew Browne, Peter Irwin, Jason Garber, Michael Cicci, Jan Dale, Russ Parnell.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b23
=520  3\$aWith advances in wind tunnel methodologies in recent years, the measurement of wind loads on wind tunnel models of buildings and structures can be carried out with a high degree of accuracy. These results lead to more economical and risk-consistent structural designs than do code calculation methods. Five topics related to the prediction of cladding design wind pressures are examined in this paper: (1) wind tunnel testing and analysis methods, (2) integration of wind tunnel data with the full-scale wind climate, (3) evaluation of internal pressures, (4) duration of constant wind pressure for determining the load resistance of glass, and (5) computational fluid dynamics (CFD)
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aWind climate.
=650  \0$aCladding design.
=650  \0$aLoad duration.
=650  \0$aInternal pressures.
=650  \0$aWind tunnels.
=650  14$aCladding design.
=650  24$aWind tunnels.
=650  24$aWind climate.
=650  24$aInternal pressures.
=650  24$aLoad duration.
=650  24$aCFD.
=700  1\$aIrwin, Peter,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGarber, Jason,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aCicci, Michael,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDale, Jan,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aParnell, Russ,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100862.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100863
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100863$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100863$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH2239
=082  04$a690.12$223
=100  1\$aBoyd, Jon M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aOver-Cladding of Aluminum Framed Curtainwalls and Skylights /$cJon M. Boyd.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b5
=520  3\$aThe need to upgrade the performance of existing building façade systems provides many opportunities for innovation and the creative reuse of existing building components. As many mid-20th century building enclosure systems age, they exhibit performance deficiencies, both in the form of deteriorating performance and in lagging performance as weighed against newer technologies. The installation of replacement exterior envelope systems on existing facilities provides many challenges, especially in fully occupied buildings. Over-cladding of existing metal and glass curtainwall and skylight systems, wherein portions of the pre-existing systems are integrated into the new construction, provides significant opportunities to resolve construction phase issues while providing improved functionality to the completed building envelope.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aOver-cladding.
=650  \0$aCurtainwall.
=650  \0$aSkylight.
=650  14$aCurtainwall.
=650  24$aSkylight.
=650  24$aOver-cladding.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100863.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100865
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100865$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100865$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aLD5755.M43
=082  04$a333.77097$223
=100  1\$aForner, Tammy D.,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Form to Follow Function :$bRecladding A Regional Healthcare Facility /$cTammy D. Forner.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b1
=520  3\$aThis case study presents the recladding program undertaken by Riverside Regional Medical Center in Newport News, VA, and examines the deliberative process that resulted in retrofit of an existing 40+ year old aluminum/glass/metal panel curtain wall system without removal of the existing system or opening large areas of the façade to exterior weather. Steps within the process included: (1) establishing a design approach and air/water control theory; (2) verifying structural capacity of the existing façade anchorage and vertical structural members; (3) identifying and specifying products that met the design and performance requirements; (4) evaluating an innovative option for improved thermal performance; (5) testing the air/water barrier to verify performance; and (6) careful monitoring of work progress and installation quality. All of this was done with very close coordination with hospital management and staff to minimize service disruptions and occupant discomfort for this sensitive client population. The final result includes increased energy efficiency and acoustical performance of the façade system—while presenting a progressive new image to the public.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBuilding façade.
=650  \0$aRain screen cladding.
=650  \0$aRecladding.
=650  \0$aCurtain wall.
=650  \0$aAir/water barrier.
=650  \0$aRetrofit.
=650  14$aBuilding façade.
=650  24$aCurtain wall.
=650  24$aRecladding.
=650  24$aRetrofit.
=650  24$aAir/water barrier.
=650  24$aRain screen cladding.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100865.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100870
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100870$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100870$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA174
=082  04$a620/.0042$223
=100  1\$aLi, Shawn S.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFaçade Renovation of the Wexner Center for the Arts /$cShawn S. Li, Neil McClelland.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aThe Wexner Center for the Arts went through a major façade renovation to fix the water leakage and condensation problems. The work included replacing glazed skylights, curtain walls, and roofs. This paper describes how renovation work has been done with modern technologies to study thermal and lighting performance on the new façade. In addition to the computational analysis, a full scale mock-up was constructed in a laboratory for air, water, and structural test, and to evaluate the condensation resistance performance. Currently there are no industry standards for condensation evaluation for a mock-up of this size. The mock-up test method refers to ASTM C 1199, “Standard Test Method for Measuring the Steady-State Thermal Transmittance of Fenestration Systems Using Hot Box Methods,” and AAMA 1053 test procedures but with modifications to suit the project. The new façade of the Wexner Center is a perfect example of how façade design can be done with modern analyses tools and a coordinated design approach to deliver an environmentally efficient cladding system. The paper also describes the issues for the current test standards to the projects that have specific design conditions.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCondensation.
=650  \0$aThermal Test.
=650  14$aFaçade.
=650  24$aCondensation.
=650  24$aTHERM.
=650  24$aThermal Test.
=700  1\$aMcClelland, Neil,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100870.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100871
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100871$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100871$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aGB1015
=082  04$a553.790973$223
=100  1\$aOlson, Eric K.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aRetrofitting Barrier Exterior Insulation and Finish System :$bMethodology and Performance Assessment /$cEric K. Olson, Judson A. Taylor.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b7
=520  3\$aBarrier-EIFS (exterior insulation and finish system) refers to EIFS with no internal drainage plane or through-wall flashings to collect and drain water that bypasses the EIFS’s surface barrier. EIFS’s surface barrier consists of a thin lamina and exposed joint sealants at transitions to elements such as windows, projecting decks, and intersecting parapets to prevent water infiltration through the surface barrier. Breaches in the surface barrier, however, can cause water leakage into the wall and building interior. In some cases reasonable reduction of leakage and preservation of the exterior walls may be accomplished by reducing barrier-EIFS’s over-reliance on sealants, and by introducing watertight through-wall flashings at leakage-prone transitions and penetrations. The authors refer to this approach—providing flashings and localized drainage immediately around transitions and penetrations of wall elements while maintaining or improving the existing barrier-EIFS system away from such details—as “hybrid repairs.” A case study of repairs on an existing high-rise barrier-EIFS-clad building shows the in-service performance of the hybrid repair methodology. The subject building had experienced water leakage at intersections of the EIFS and other building envelope elements, including windows, doors, balcony deck-to-wall transitions, and intersecting parapets. Repairs to correct water leakage focused on creating reliable concealed flashings at these details, along with more common barrier-enhancement repairs over the original EIFS, which was generally left in place. To help evaluate the hybrid repairs’ effectiveness, the authors surveyed typical exterior repairs in place for 2–1/2 to 5–1/2 years and interior finishes in the areas of the repairs. The Authors interviewed residents in some units that had experienced chronic water intrusion prior to the repairs; residents commented that they have seen no water intrusion since the repairs. The survey and interviews with residents revealed no evidence or reports of reoccurring water intrusion, supporting the general effectiveness of the hybrid repairs on the subject building.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFlashing.
=650  \0$aSill flashing.
=650  \0$aThreshold flashing.
=650  \0$aWater intrusion.
=650  \0$aEIFS repair.
=650  \0$aHybrid repair.
=650  \0$aBarrier-EIFS.
=650  14$aBarrier-EIFS.
=650  24$aEIFS repair.
=650  24$aFlashing.
=650  24$aHybrid repair.
=650  24$aThreshold flashing.
=650  24$aSill flashing.
=650  24$aWater intrusion.
=700  1\$aTaylor, Judson A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100871.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100872
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100872$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100872$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aHG4515.95
=082  04$a332.64/20285513$223
=100  1\$aKeifer, David W.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMicroencapsulated Clomazone :$bFormulation Stability, Tank Mix Volatility, and Solvent Effects /$cDavid W. Keifer, Robin W. Dexter, Paul Nicholson, Robert F. Pepper.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b2
=520  3\$aClomazone is microencapsulated and sold in the U.S. as a dispersion in water, a capsule suspension (CS), under the name Command®Command® is a trademark of FMC Corporation. 3ME herbicide. Our encapsulated formulation reduces the volatility of the active ingredient when it is applied to the soil surface in a typical agricultural spray use. The commercialized formulation was selected from among hundreds of encapsulated formulations for its ability to reliably control volatility. Many of the rejected formulations did not control volatility, and it was only through a careful optimization of the encapsulation process that we came to our selection. As part of our formulation development process, we developed a laboratory volatility assessment method for use in screening formulations. This method determined the volatility following a soil application and normalized the volatility of the encapsulated formulations to that of the older Command 4EC herbicide formulation. Our optimized formulation was introduced to the market in 1996 to control volatility. A sample of the first production batch of commercial clomazone 3CS formulation, which had been stored at room temperature and regularly assessed for ten years, continues to provide excellent control of volatility. This indicates that the capsules have remained intact and functional, and that the proportion of clomazone in the capsule, versus outside, has not changed as the formulation aged. When these capsules are diluted in water, some clomazone slowly diffuses out of the capsules. This release is limited by the water solubility of clomazone. Even for excessive residence times in the spray tank, the volatility from the soil surface increased only slightly and was well within the acceptable range, for dilutions used for agricultural spray application. Improper addition of solvents and surfactants to the formulation can provide a phase where the clomazone is soluble, and this solubility will extract clomazone from the capsules. Under these conditions the volatility of the product increased so that it was similar to an unencapsulated formulation. In contrast, addition of other herbicides or spray additives to the spray tank mix had little impact on the volatility.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aClomazone.
=650  \0$aEncapsulation.
=650  \0$aAdjuvant.
=650  \0$aSolvent.
=650  \0$aSurfactant.
=650  \0$aTank mix.
=650  \0$aStability.
=650  \0$aVolatility.
=650  14$aClomazone.
=650  24$aVolatility.
=650  24$aEncapsulation.
=650  24$aStability.
=650  24$aTank mix.
=650  24$aSolvent.
=650  24$aSurfactant.
=650  24$aAdjuvant.
=700  1\$aDexter, Robin W.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNicholson, Paul,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPepper, Robert F.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100872.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100874
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=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
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=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100874$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100874$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aGB1199
=082  04$a628.1/14015118$223
=100  1\$aRuggiero, Stephen S.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDesign of Engineered Drainable Exterior Insulation and Finish System (EIFS) Cladding /$cStephen S. Ruggiero, Annemarie L. Rabazzi.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b5
=520  3\$aDuring the last ten years, the authors have investigated a number of buildings with leakage and deterioration problems associated with exterior walls clad with exterior insulation and finish systems (EIFS). These systems were “barrier” walls applied to materials that degrade rapidly from exposure to moisture, such as gypsum board sheathing. These wall systems lacked backup waterproofing and flashing elements and relied on surface seals as the sole means of controlling water penetration (leakage). While these systems are appealing due to their aesthetic features, light weight and insulating characteristics, they are vulnerable to performance problems as a result of failed surface seals, leakage through window frame corners and poor installation practices. Installation of internal flashings is difficult at best because the primary waterproofing layer (the lamina) is on the face of the cladding rather than in the plane of the flashing. In this paper, the authors review the essential differences between barrier and drainable EIFS. The primary focus of the paper is to examine the various components of an engineered drainable EIFS including waterproofing membranes, drainage plane grids, methods of attachment, and consideration for use of a vapor retarder (position) within the wall cross section. Detailing of wall penetrations, particularly for windows and doors will be presented as will location of flashings and weep mechanisms in multi story construction. Design considerations will be illustrated in two case studies where barrier EIFS was replaced with an engineered drainable system, one in a relatively warm climate (southern California) and the other in a relatively cold climate (Massachusetts)
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aThermal-moisture analysis.
=650  \0$aDrainage grid.
=650  \0$aHead flashing.
=650  \0$aSill flashing.
=650  \0$aWUFI computer model.
=650  \0$aVapor retarder.
=650  \0$aBarrier EIFS.
=650  \0$aDrainable EIFS.
=650  \0$aFlashings.
=650  \0$aFloor line weeps.
=650  \0$aVapor drive analysis.
=650  \0$aWindow openings.
=650  14$aBarrier EIFS.
=650  24$aDrainable EIFS.
=650  24$aWater-resistive-membranes.
=650  24$aFlashings.
=650  24$aWindow openings.
=650  24$aHead flashing.
=650  24$aSill flashing.
=650  24$aDrainage grid.
=650  24$aFloor line weeps.
=650  24$aVapor retarder.
=650  24$aThermal-moisture analysis.
=650  24$aWUFI computer model.
=650  24$aVapor drive analysis.
=700  1\$aRabazzi, Annemarie L.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100874.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100875
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100875$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100875$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aHV8843
=082  04$a365/.667$223
=100  1\$aVanOcker, David A.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Identification of Corrosion-Related Damage from Cramp Anchors in a Limestone-Clad Building Façade Using NDE Techniques /$cDavid A. VanOcker, Erin M. Johnson, Tracy D. Marcotte.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aA recent restoration project on a 100-year-old, limestone-clad building provided an opportunity to evaluate the efficacy of certain non-destructive evaluation (NDE) techniques in identifying corrosion-related distress of embedded cramp anchors. After decades of service, progressive corrosion of the anchors had caused limestone delaminations and spalls, and presented a life-safety risk when fragments of limestone became dislodged and fell from the façade. Adding to this risk, it became clear early in the investigation that for certain areas of corrosion damage, stone cracking was not apparent on the surface or was otherwise difficult to detect. In an attempt to identify these pre-emergent cracks and delaminations, a range of NDE methods was considered to supplement the traditional techniques of visual identification and sounding. Of the NDE techniques implemented (i.e., ultrasonic pulse velocity surveys, infrared thermographic scans), infrared thermographic scans proved to be the more effective diagnostic tool to locate pre-emergent cracking and delamination sites, and showed promise as an early detection technique for similar buildings.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aUltrasonic.
=650  \0$aInfrared.
=650  \0$aFacade.
=650  \0$aLimestone.
=650  \0$aCorrosion.
=650  \0$aInvestigation.
=650  \0$aCramp.
=650  \0$aAnchor.
=650  \0$aThermography.
=650  14$aCramp.
=650  24$aAnchor.
=650  24$aLimestone.
=650  24$aFaçade.
=650  24$aInvestigation.
=650  24$aInfrared.
=650  24$aNDE.
=650  24$aUltrasonic.
=650  24$aCorrosion.
=650  24$aThermography.
=700  1\$aJohnson, Erin M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMarcotte, Tracy D.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100875.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100876
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100876$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100876$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH151
=082  04$a504$223
=100  1\$aHendryx, C.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aRepair of an Earthquake Damaged Building Façade in Coordination with FEMA :$bA Case Study Including Stabilization, Evaluation, Historically Sensitive Restoration, and Hazard Mitigation /$cC. Hendryx, S. Vlotho.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (22 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b18
=520  3\$aThe Nisqually Earthquake struck Washington State in February 2001, damaging the facade of the historic Bush Hotel, located in Seattle’s International District. During the seismic event, sections of exterior cement plaster parge cladding and clay block infill fell from the structure onto the sidewalk below. This paper outlines the failures of the 1920s era concrete frame and hollow-core clay block infill exterior wall assembly, the multi-faceted approach designed to implement a historically sensitive repair in coordination with FEMA regulations, and addresses mitigation of potential future hazards. Prompt evaluation of the life safety threat was conducted, and sprayed-in-place polyurethane foam was used as a unique method to stabilize and temporarily weatherize portions of exterior walls. Various techniques were used to evaluate exterior walls and quantify the extent of damage including hammer sounding, invasive testing, mapping, and CAD-assisted measurements in a rigorous process to meet FEMA funding requirements. Damage to the exterior walls included delaminated and cracked stucco cladding, crushed hollow-core clay block infill panels, and cracked and spalled concrete. A multitude of factors were addressed in the Construction Documents including: restoring exterior walls to pre-earthquake conditions; maintaining the historical fabric of the building’s appearance; coordination with FEMA and historic review agencies; repair to hollow-core clay block without in-kind material readily available; restoration of an exterior mural; performing work in a busy downtown setting with the building fully occupied; and addressing removal of lead-containing coatings. Importantly, a plan for mitigation of potential hazards was designed and implemented utilizing anchors to secure clay block infill panels to the structure, in order for wall sections to better resist possible future earthquakes. Methodology and examples for the synthesis of well-coordinated Contract Documents for such a complicated project are addressed. Evaluation of successes and challenges in coordination with FEMA, design, and repair methods are also provided.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHollow clay tile.
=650  \0$aElastomeric coating.
=650  \0$aHazard mitigation.
=650  \0$aMural restoration.
=650  \0$aConcrete repair.
=650  \0$aMasonry repair.
=650  14$aPublic Assistance Program.
=650  24$aEmergency Assistance Act.
=650  24$aEarthquake repair project.
=650  24$aHazard mitigation.
=650  24$aMasonry repair.
=650  24$aConcrete repair.
=650  24$aHollow-core clay block.
=650  24$aHollow clay tile.
=650  24$aCement plaster (i.e., stucco) repair.
=650  24$aElastomeric coating.
=650  24$aMural restoration.
=700  1\$aVlotho, S.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100876.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100880
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100880$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100880$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aR857.O6
=082  04$a616.07/54$223
=100  1\$ade Ruiter, H.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFluorescence Imaging as a Non-Invasive Technology to Monitor the Performance of Glyphosate Adjuvants and Formulations /$cH. de Ruiter, B. Mack, R. van der Schoor, H. Jalink.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b6
=520  3\$aFluorescence can be used to measure and visualize the activity of herbicides that inhibit the photosynthesis. Glyphosate, although not acting primarily on the photosystems, appears to increase fluorescence of plants. We investigated whether fluorescence technology is a useful tool to both quantify and image of the performance of different adjuvants for glyphosate. A red laser beam providing equipment is used to scan black nightshade plants at a low and high light intensity. A cooled, integrating 16 bit CCD camera is used to record the fluorescence during the low level (Fo) and high level scan (Fm). The relative increase of fluorescence expressed as [(Fm—Fo)/Fm] 100 % is calculated and color images are produced. Glyphosate was applied at two suboptimal application rates of 16.9 and 33.8 g ae/ha at 200 L/ha. Both the influence of glyphosate rate and the influence of added adjuvants were obvious. The fluorescence data 30 h after treatment demonstrated that the adjuvants HM9121-A and HM9110 performed better than AMS, HM9541-A, HM9910, or HM2005-B. This observation was consistent over the next three observations (54, 78, and 102 h). The fluorescence data after 72 h correlated (R2=0.82; logarithmic regression) with the fresh weight reduction caused by the glyphosate treatments. The adjuvants HM 9121-A and HM9110 performed the best and the adjuvant HM9541-A had little effect on glyphosate performance. Both imaging and fresh weight data indicate that HM 9121-A performs somewhat better than HM9110.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFluorescence.
=650  \0$aGlyphosate.
=650  \0$aFluorescence imaging.
=650  \0$aImaging.
=650  \0$aFormulation.
=650  \0$aAdjuvant.
=650  \0$aSurfactant.
=650  14$aFluorescence.
=650  24$aImaging.
=650  24$aFluorescence imaging.
=650  24$aGlyphosate.
=650  24$aAdjuvant.
=650  24$aFormulation.
=650  24$aSurfactant.
=700  1\$aMack, B.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$avan der Schoor, R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aJalink, H.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100880.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100881
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100881$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100881$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK9001
=082  04$a621.48$223
=100  1\$aFrench, Warren R.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDelayed Ettringite Formation (DEF) Within Pre-Cast Concrete Cladding Panels on a Mid-Rise Commercial Office Building :$bA Case Study /$cWarren R. French, Joshua S. Schroeder.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (22 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b7
=520  3\$aThis paper will present the findings of multiple forensic investigations on a fourteen-story office building located in Houston, Texas. During our initial survey, widespread cracking was observed within the concrete cladding panels that warranted a more extensive investigation. Construction of the building was completed in 1985; 17 years prior to our initial investigation. Exterior cladding components are comprised of pre-cast concrete panels over each of the floor lines, with a continuous, structurally glazed, horizontal window system at each floor level. The cladding panels are nonload bearing, pre-cast concrete panels, installed at the time of the building’s construction. The concrete panels are attached to the structure via steel plates that are welded and bolted to the building’s frame. It is intended that this paper will present the results of observations made at the site over a period of several years, as well as the results of testing conducted to assist in the evaluation. A system was developed to locate and catalog the visible anomalies on the panels; including cracks, exposed steel, spalls, pop-outs, and efflorescence on the panels. Full-depth cores were removed from select panels to perform a petrographic analysis and scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive x-ray microanalysis (SEM/EDXA). The results revealed the presence of delayed ettringite formation (DEF) and alkali-silica reactivity (ASR), with varying degrees of severity. Specific conclusions will be derived related to the conditions at this project and how these anomalies have affected the cladding system performance. Current repair and maintenance provisions will be discussed, in addition to the necessary recladding that will be required in the future. Recommendations will be developed regarding construction practices so that the cladding panel failure observed may be avoided in the future.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aElectrical and Electronic Engineering.
=700  1\$aSchroeder, Joshua S.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100881.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100885
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100885$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100885$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH2239
=082  04$a690.12$223
=100  1\$aLawrence, Jared B.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEnvelope Remediation—A Case Study in Support of an Over-Cladding Approach /$cJared B. Lawrence, Paul G. Johnson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (18 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b4
=520  3\$aThis paper addresses a case study in which a contemporary, high-performance glass curtain wall and a composite metal panel cladding system were installed over an existing failed 1960s masonry wall with aluminum windows. In addition to consideration of the typical performance requirements for air and water infiltration and thermal insulation, the new wall systems were designed to meet glass shard retention requirements and to accommodate improvements to the structural frame required by the General Services Administration. These performance requirements were all met while creating a more inviting exterior appearance, improving the interior work environment, extending the building’s service life, and reducing energy consumption. Problems of the original design and construction, extent of previous remediation attempts, findings of the investigation of the existing building, and the development of remediation options are discussed to provide background to selection of the over-cladding approach for remediation. Opportunities and limitations posed by the existing building, LEED requirements, glass shard retention, construction strengthening, full and uninterrupted occupancy, as well as other challenges inherent in the over-cladding of an existing high-rise building on a tight urban site are identified and discussed, and positive results are identified.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPanelized.
=650  \0$aUnitized.
=650  \0$aPerformance.
=650  \0$aOver-cladding.
=650  \0$aCurtain wall.
=650  14$aOver-cladding.
=650  24$aPerformance.
=650  24$aExisting exterior envelope.
=650  24$aUnitized.
=650  24$aPanelized.
=650  24$aCurtain wall.
=700  1\$aJohnson, Paul G.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100885.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100887
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100887$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100887$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD543
=082  04$a547/.70454$223
=100  1\$aZhang, Lei,$eauthor.
=245  10$aNew Solvents for Agriculture—A Theoretical Modeling Approach /$cLei Zhang.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aDue to increasing environmental and regulatory concerns, many traditional solvents used in agricultural applications are currently under scrutiny. The agricultural industry needs to find alternative solvents that are environmentally friendly while continuing to deliver traditional solvent performance. A theoretical approach based on Hansen solubility parameters is described to screen potential new solvents using molecular modeling. In order to correlate theoretical data, experimental solubility data was developed for a number of agro active ingredients representing several different chemical classes. Experimental data results partially supported the theoretical approach used in this study. A trend was observed that can be used to select potential new solvents. A number of lead candidates were defined for further investigation.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSolubility Parameter.
=650  \0$aSolvent.
=650  \0$aSolubility.
=650  \0$aSolvency.
=650  14$aSolvent.
=650  24$aSolvency.
=650  24$aSolubility.
=650  24$aHansen solubility parameter.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100887.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100890
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100890$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100890$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aHV8843
=082  04$a365/.667$223
=100  1\$aChin, Ian R.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aTravertine :$bSuccessful and Unsuccessful Performance, Preconceived Notions, and Mischaracterizations /$cIan R. Chin.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b10
=520  3\$aTravertine is a beige-colored stone with unique color variations, veining, and cavities that many architects worldwide find attractive. The word travertine was derived from an old Roman name for the town of Tivoli (Tibur) in Italy where large deposits of travertine exist. The ancient name for the stone was Lapis Tiburtinus (Tibur Stone) which later evolved into the word travertine.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aLimestone.
=650  \0$aMarble.
=650  \0$aModulus of rupture.
=650  \0$aTravertine.
=650  \0$aFlexural strength.
=650  \0$aFreeze-thaw.
=650  14$aTravertine.
=650  24$aMarble.
=650  24$aLimestone.
=650  24$aFreeze-thaw.
=650  24$aFlexural strength.
=650  24$aModulus of rupture.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100890.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100891
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100891$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100891$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP156.P3
=082  04$a620.43$223
=100  1\$aAlexander, Mark W.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFormulation Performance Improvements with Blends of Alkyl Naphthalene Sulfonate Condensates Plus Lignosulfonates When Compared to Lignosulfonates Alone /$cMark W. Alexander.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b3
=520  3\$aComparative data were generated on lignosulfonates, dry blends, and co-processed blends of ANSCs plus lignosulfonates in a series of pesticide formulations. There was an unexpected improvement in the performance of certain formulations when the co-processed blends were compared to the dry blends of the dispersants.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSuspension concentrates.
=650  \0$aLignosulfonate.
=650  \0$aPesticide.
=650  \0$aDispersant.
=650  14$aAlkyl naphthalene sulfonate condensate.
=650  24$aLignosulfonate.
=650  24$aDispersant.
=650  24$aSuspension concentrates.
=650  24$aWater dispersible granules.
=650  24$aPesticide.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100891.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100892
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100892$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100892$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTD879.H38
=082  04$a628.5/5$223
=100  1\$aFidanza, M. A.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aUse of a Soil Surfactant with Fungicides for Control of Fairy Ring Disease in Turfgrass /$cM. A. Fidanza, F. P. Wong, S. J. Kostka, S. J. McDonald.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b18
=520  3\$aFairy ring is the common name for a complex disease of turf encompassing the appearance of mushrooms, circles of stimulated grass, or rings of damaged or dead turfgrass maintained for lawns, athletic fields, or golf courses. Type-I fairy ring is especially destructive due to the development of water repellent or hydrophobic soil conditions and the subsequent decline and damage to the existing turfgrass. Fairy ring management strategies, particularly the control or suppression of Type-I fairy ring symptoms, has been inconsistent in effectiveness. The objective of this field study was to evaluate the efficacy of fungicides recommended for fairy ring control when applied alone and with a soil surfactant. This research was conducted on cool-season turfgrass in California in 2005, and in Pennsylvania in 2006. The same treatments were applied at both locations. The four fungicide treatments were evaluated at 620 g active ingredient (a.i.) azoxystrobin∙ha-1, 9757 g a.i. flutolanil∙ha-1, 310 g a.i polyoxin-D∙ha-1, or 558 g a.i. pyraclostrobin∙ha-1. Each fungicide was applied alone and in a tank-mix combination with the modified alkylated polyol soil surfactant (100 % concentration) at 19 L product∙ha-1. All treatments were applied at two water carrier volumes of 814 and 1628∙ L∙ha-1. At both locations, Type-I fairy ring symptoms were noticeably reduced in plots treated with fungicides plus soil surfactant at either water carrier volume versus plots treated with fungicides alone applied at 814 L water carrier ha-1. Therefore, the consistently best overall treatment for the control or suppression of Type-I fairy ring symptoms was fungicides plus soil surfactant at either water carrier volume. The application of plant protection products at the lower water volume is preferred by turfgrass managers and practitioners; thus the utility of soil surfactants applied with fungicides is a useful strategy for the chemical control of fairy ring in turf.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFungicide.
=650  \0$aFairy ring.
=650  \0$aTurfgrass.
=650  \0$aSoil surfactant.
=650  \0$aPesticide delivery.
=650  14$aFairy ring.
=650  24$aFungicide.
=650  24$aPesticide delivery.
=650  24$aSoil surfactant.
=650  24$aTurfgrass.
=700  1\$aWong, F. P.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKostka, S. J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMcDonald, S. J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100892.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100894
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100894$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100894$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTL152
=082  04$a629.255$223
=100  1\$aHenderson, Kenneth O.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aViscometric Temperature Sensitivity of Engine Lubricants at Low Temperature and Moderately High Shear Conditions /$cKenneth O. Henderson, C. Patrick Maggi.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (21 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b7
=520  3\$aLow-temperature viscosity of engine oils is a key indication of a lubricant’s capacity to provide wear protection during starting and subsequent operation of an engine. Some 40 years ago the Cold Cranking Simulator (CCS) was developed to measure the low-temperature viscosity of engine oil with viscometric conditions similar to a starting engine. The importance of cranking viscosity has grown since the test was originally developed and is now one of two low-temperature viscosity measurements that define the SAE grades for engine oils. Previous studies evaluating viscosities determined by the CCS have focused on test precision and correlation to engine starting performance. This study evaluates the effects small offsets from the indicated temperature have on the measured apparent viscosity of engine oils. Interest in this topic was driven by the observation that some engine oil formulations have abnormally high variation in viscosity. All the low-temperature viscosity measurements were made in the CCS in accord with ASTM D 5293-04. A small temperature offset was achieved by adjusting the CCS temperature probe calibration so that the indicated test operating temperature was offset from the true temperature. The viscosity data were collected using automatic thermoelectrically cooled CCS instruments. Comparative viscosity data were collected on instruments using cold methanol to control the sample temperature. The oil samples in this study consisted of base oils, a selection of commercial engine oils of the API performance category SL, recent ASTM Interlaboratory Crosscheck Program (ILCP), and from the Low Temperature Engine Performance (LTEP) study which was conducted in the 1990s. The LTEP oils are of an earlier performance category and thus have a different composition than either the API SL commercial engine oils or the ASTM ILCP program oils. Results of this study show that when the CCS stator and sample are warmer than the indicated temperature, the measured viscosities are higher than when the viscosity is measured at the correct (true) temperature. As would be expected, the opposite response is seen when the offset is in the opposite direction. This response to the temperature offset is opposite of what would be traditionally expected—lower temperatures typically result in higher measured viscosities. As seen in the study, this is a result of the way the instrument is calibrated and not a fluid anomaly. Some of the API SL oils exhibited more than a 5 % change in measured viscosity from a 0.5°C shift in temperature. Base oils and synthetic formulations only had a change of around 1 % due to a 0.5°C shift in temperature. The samples of API SG oils have temperature sensitivity lower than the API SL oils tested. This study compares data obtained on instruments using two different methods of controlling sample temperature. For the samples evaluated in this program, the data indicated no relative bias between the two methods (thermoelectric and cold methanol) of stator temperature control.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aLow-Temperature viscosity.
=650  \0$aEngine lubricants.
=650  \0$aCranking viscosity.
=650  14$aCranking viscosity.
=650  24$aCcs.
=650  24$aLow-temperature viscosity.
=650  24$aEngine lubricants.
=650  24$aSAE J300.
=650  24$aTemperature sensitivity.
=700  1\$aMaggi, C. Patrick,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100894.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100898
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100898$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100898$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD257.7
=082  04$a661.8$223
=100  1\$aWoydt, Mathias,$eauthor.
=245  10$aNo/Low SAP and Alternative Engine Oil Development and Testing /$cMathias Woydt.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b26
=520  3\$aThe use of alternative base oils, like esters or polyglycols, with more intrinsic properties for the lubrication of automobile engines has a potential for ecological and technical advantages. Being in competition with hydrocarbon-based formulations, detailed knowledge of several thermophysical and viscometric properties as well as tribological properties over a large temperature range are required (mapping). The tested polymer-free polyglycols and ester-based formulations displayed no visible tribological weaknesses regarding wear resistance and EP-behavior as well as offering significant advantages in order to meet metal- and ash-free and bio-no-tox criteria. Especially the formulated polyglycols without friction modifiers also showed an intrinsic retention of low coefficients of friction and a hydrodynamic film forming behavior comparable to hydrocarbon-based factory-fill oils. The wear resistance and EP-behavior of low-additivated polyglycols, but also of esters, can be enhanced by means of triboactive materials. Lubricious oxides or triboactive materials and polar base oils, or a combination thereof, may substitute the EP and AW properties realized by the additives, thus enabling long drains and responding to “eco-tox” or “bio-no-tox” requirements as well as restrictions from the “chemical box.”.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aEngine oil.
=650  \0$aFactory fill.
=650  \0$aPolyglycol.
=650  \0$aFriction.
=650  \0$aHydrocarbon.
=650  \0$aLubrication.
=650  \0$aEster.
=650  \0$aWear.
=650  \0$aBio-no-tox oils.
=650  \0$aBio-oils.
=650  \0$aEco-lubricants.
=650  \0$aBoundary.
=650  \0$aDensity.
=650  \0$aHeat capacity.
=650  \0$aPressure-viscosity.
=650  \0$aThermal conductivity.
=650  \0$aViscosity.
=650  14$aEster.
=650  24$aPolyglycol.
=650  24$aPAG.
=650  24$aPPG.
=650  24$aFactory fill.
=650  24$aHydrocarbon.
=650  24$aEngine oil.
=650  24$aBio-oils.
=650  24$aEco-lubricants.
=650  24$aEAL.
=650  24$aBio-no-tox oils.
=650  24$aHeat capacity.
=650  24$aDensity.
=650  24$aViscosity.
=650  24$aPressure-viscosity.
=650  24$aThermal conductivity.
=650  24$aMixed.
=650  24$aBoundary.
=650  24$aLubrication.
=650  24$aLow sap.
=650  24$aMid sap.
=650  24$aWear.
=650  24$aFriction.
=650  24$aTriboactive materials.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100898.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100899
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100899$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100899$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH2235
=082  04$a690/.120288$223
=100  1\$aBateman, Robert,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSill Pan Flashing for Block-Frame Windows in Recessed Concrete Openings—Case Studies /$cRobert Bateman.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b6
=520  3\$aIntegrating sill pan window flashing can be challenging using block-frame windows or installing flashings within a recessed opening in a concrete wall. Two case studies summarize the details of design and retrofit installation for sill pan flashing of replacement block-frame window into the perimeters of existing recessed concrete wall openings. Provisions for sill pan drainage were included with technical solutions for two case studies. The design and detailing were also conceived to account for blending with the context of the existing architecture and minimizing the aesthetic concerns for the appearance of any exposed perimeter opening flashings. These case studies demonstrate detailing methodologies for wood and metal block-frame window frames and concrete wall openings applicable for new and existing exterior wall systems.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aDetailing.
=650  \0$aFlashing.
=650  \0$aRecessed opening.
=650  \0$aSill pan flashing.
=650  \0$aBarrier-wall.
=650  \0$aConcrete wall.
=650  \0$aDesign.
=650  \0$aSealant joint.
=650  \0$aBlock-frame window.
=650  \0$aWindow.
=650  14$aBarrier-wall.
=650  24$aBlock-frame window.
=650  24$aConcrete wall.
=650  24$aDesign.
=650  24$aDetailing.
=650  24$aFlashing.
=650  24$aRecessed opening.
=650  24$aReticulated foam weep.
=650  24$aSealant joint.
=650  24$aSill pan flashing.
=650  24$aWindow.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100899.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100902
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100902$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100902$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTD427.G55
=082  04$a363.7384$223
=100  1\$aElsik, Curtis M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aGlyphosate Adjuvant Formulation with Glycerin /$cCurtis M. Elsik, Howard M. Stridde, R. Scott Tann.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aThe development of many crops with glyphosate tolerance has created a large demand for glyphosate herbicide formulations. Commercial aqueous solution glyphosate formulations usually contain a surfactant along with other formulation additives. The surfactant can function to help the spray solution wet the weed surface, and can also help potentiate the active ingredient. The other formulation ingredients usually include materials that function as humectants, antigelling agents, and antifreeze agents. Various traditional petrochemical derivatives have been used to achieve these effects. In this paper glycerin, a renewable natural material provides all of the nonsurfactant excipient properties. The advent of biodiesel production has created a surge in the production of glycerin. It has been found that this crude glycerin can be incorporated into commercial aqueous glyphosate formulations and can replace the traditional petrochemical derivative constituents. The glycerin functions as the humectant, antigelling agent, and antifreeze agent. This paper deals with the modifications and specifications necessary to achieve a suitable finished glyphosate product, as well as the performance results observed from field trials with the final formulation.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aGlycerine.
=650  \0$aGlyphosate.
=650  \0$aGlycerol.
=650  \0$aGlycol.
=650  \0$aGlycerin.
=650  \0$aAdjuvant.
=650  \0$aHumectant.
=650  14$aGlyphosate.
=650  24$aAdjuvant.
=650  24$aGlycerin.
=650  24$aGlycerine.
=650  24$aGlycerol.
=650  24$aGlycol.
=650  24$aHumectant.
=700  1\$aStridde, Howard M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTann, R. Scott,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100902.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100904
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100904$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100904$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP159.A47
=082  04$a660/.293$223
=100  1\$aKirby, Andrew F.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aWater Dispersible Granule Formulations Containing a New Defoaming Agent /$cAndrew F. Kirby, Alice L. Lavranos, Curtis M. Elsik.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b4
=520  3\$aA common problem found when water dispersible granule (WG) formulations are dispersed in water is the generation of high levels of a persistent foam layer. This high level of foaming causes many difficulties for the users of WG products in agricultural sprays. The development of foam may cause spillage and loss of product as well as cause problems for tank mixing with other products. There is also a risk of uneven coverage of a spray solution containing foam, and the time taken for foam to subside can be inconvenient as well as lead to a risk of sedimentation of the suspended solid. The persistent foam problem in WG formulations is a direct consequence of the presence of a surfactant wetting agent (wetter) which is used in the formulation to aid immersion and dispersion of the granule in water and to help evenly distribute water throughout the powder matrix during manufacture of the formulation. Various approaches have been tried to overcome persistent foam in WG formulations in the past. These approaches include the use of tank-added defoaming agents, the inclusion of silicone and other common defoamer types in the formulation, and use of lower foaming wetters which are generally nonionic surfactants. These approaches have generally met with limited success or led to other difficulties. In many cases using enough of these defoaming additives to be effective in defoaming leads to reduced dispersion properties. One class of defoaming agent commonly used in WG formulations is the salts of long chain fatty acids, or soaps. These are, however, only moderately effective. It has now been found that the combination of fatty acid salts together with chelating agents and a polyacid polymer leads to greatly enhanced foam reduction. This improvement in defoaming comes with no additional loss of dispersion performance of the WG. The optimized defoaming blend is effective in WG formulations at a use rate of around 2 % by weight and can be used with all the commonly used types of surfactant wetting agents and dispersants in a wide range of active ingredients.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAntifoam.
=650  \0$aLow foam.
=650  \0$aDefoamer.
=650  \0$aDry formulations.
=650  14$aWater dispersible granule.
=650  24$aDefoamer.
=650  24$aAntifoam.
=650  24$aLow foam.
=650  24$aDry formulations.
=700  1\$aLavranos, Alice L.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aElsik, Curtis M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100904.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100905
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100905$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100905$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK9001
=082  04$a621.48$223
=100  1\$aKostka, Stanley J.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAlkyl-Capped Block Copolymer Surfactants for Remediation of Soil Water Repellency and Heterogeneous Rootzone Moisture /$cStanley J. Kostka, Gregor Schuermann, Mica Franklin.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b24
=520  3\$aSoil water repellency (SWR) leads to nonwettable soils, heterogeneous rootzone moisture, reduced irrigation efficiency, leaching due to preferential flow, localized dry spots, and deterioration of turfgrass quality. Nonionic hydroxyl-terminated methyl oxirane-oxirane (EO/PO triblock copolymers) copolymers are commonly employed to remediate SWR. To determine if molecular modification influenced remediation performance, C1–C4 alkyl ethers of methyl oxirane-oxirane copolymers were produced through etherification of hydroxyl-terminated methyl oxirane-oxirane copolymers. ACA 1820, an alkyl ether of methyl oxirane-oxirane copolymer (MW approximately 2500) (applied monthly at 1.9 kg ha−1) reduced SWR and maintained quality at higher levels (p=0.05) for longer periods than the hydroxyl-terminated methyl oxirane-oxirane copolymer or the control. Turf density in plots treated with the alkyl ether of methyl oxirane-oxirane copolymer was three-fold greater than the control and two-fold greater than in plots treated with the hydroxyl-terminated methyl oxirane-oxirane copolymer. Rootzone moisture was more homogeneous in plots treated with ACA1820 than other treatments. Differences in visual turf quality were observed for up to nine months after the last application of the alkyl ether of methyl oxirane-oxirane copolymer. The observed effects are proposed to be due to interfacial interactions of the alkyl caps both in solution and at hydrophobic soil surfaces.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aElectrical and Electronic Engineering.
=700  1\$aSchuermann, Gregor,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFranklin, Mica,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100905.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100906
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100906$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100906$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aS494.5.P73
=082  04$a631$223
=100  1\$aSalyani, Masoud,$eauthor.
=245  10$aManaging Aldicarb Application with GPS/GIS Systems /$cMasoud Salyani, William M. Miller, Sherrie Buchanon, Roy D. Sweeb.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aAldicarb is a soil-applied pesticide that is widely used to control certain insects, mites, and nematodes of citrus and other crops. However, due to its high toxicity and leaching potential into groundwater, many states regulate its application. In Florida, aldicarb applications require a 91.4-m buffer zone around all drinking water wells and 304.8 m around wells located in certain sandy soils. To positively control and monitor the discharge of aldicarb in field conditions, the feasibility of using several electronic control systems on the granular applicator was investigated. The project involved fabricating a prototype machine that featured both ground- and motor-driven mechanisms commonly used in commercial aldicarb applications. A ground-driven power train operated one-half of the metering wheel through an electric clutch and a pulse-width modulation (PWM) motor powered the other half. The machine was equipped with various controllers and electronic circuits. Three DGPS-based approaches were considered. The first level consisted of a DGPS antenna and a low-cost data logger. It could provide records including position information (latitude and longitude) and status of the PWM controller and electric clutch (ON/OFF of the discharge system) for monitoring purposes. The second system (mid-range cost) utilized a hand-held computer and variable-rate-application (VRA) software to input prescription maps and provide an operator real-time screen interface. With this system, it was possible to provide ON/OFF control of both discharge drives and generate as-applied maps. The third level (highest-cost) involved the use of a more sophisticated VRA controller comprising modular components and CAN bus system. It allowed detailed operator-machine interface and could input variable rate maps and output information on application rate, acreage, and total material usage. The paper elaborates on the above technology solutions and provides test results of their evaluation under simulated field conditions. Each system had certain merits and limitations but all were capable of providing useful temporal and spatial information for aldicarb application.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPrecision agriculture.
=650  \0$aVariable rate.
=650  \0$aData logger.
=650  \0$aGranular applicator.
=650  \0$aCitrus.
=650  14$aPrecision agriculture.
=650  24$aGranular applicator.
=650  24$aVariable rate.
=650  24$aData logger.
=650  24$aCitrus.
=700  1\$aMiller, William M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBuchanon, Sherrie,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSweeb, Roy D.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100906.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100908
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100908$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100908$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.9.L3
=082  04$a620.1/18$223
=100  1\$aStern, Alan J.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aNew Polymeric Comb Dispersants for Agricultural Formulations :$bA Comparison of Performance in Pesticide Suspension Concentrates /$cAlan J. Stern, Curtis M. Elsik.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b6
=520  3\$aA new family of dispersants for agrochemical suspension concentrate (SC) formulations has been created by reacting an anhydride-bearing resin with a methyl capped polyether amine. The result is a moderate molecular weight graft polyamide, with the desirable “comb” geometry. From this family of materials, four were chosen for comparison to three commercially available benchmark dispersants in several typical pesticide suspension concentrates. The criteria used to compare the new to the old dispersants were: ability to reduce suspension viscosity, zeta potential, syneresis, and tendency of the concentrate to “hardpack.” The study demonstrated that the new dispersants are generally very effective dispersants, but care must be used in selecting the best dispersant/wetting agent combination for a given pesticide formulation.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHardpacking.
=650  \0$aZeta potential.
=650  \0$aComb polymer.
=650  \0$aSyneresis.
=650  \0$aDispersant.
=650  \0$aViscosity.
=650  14$aComb polymer.
=650  24$aDispersant.
=650  24$aSuspension concentrate.
=650  24$aZeta potential.
=650  24$aViscosity.
=650  24$aSyneresis.
=650  24$aHardpacking.
=700  1\$aElsik, Curtis M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100908.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100909
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100909$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100909$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK9001
=082  04$a621.48$223
=100  1\$aHoughton, Richard,$eauthor.
=245  10$aControlled Release Pellet Formulation /$cRichard Houghton.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b2
=520  3\$aThis paper is a general overview of a new controlled release formulation of imidacloprid in the form of an extruded pellet. This material delivers 50 g imidacloprid per kg of product. The formulation consists of a polymer/starch matrix which is partially biodegradable. The product consists of 2-mm-diam. spherical pellets and is available under the suSCon® trade name. This technology allows long term protection from canegrub damage with imidacloprid by controlling its release into the soil. After release from the pellets, imidacloprid acts on canegrubs in a number of ways, including: soil ingestion, soil contact and root ingestion. The pellet does not exhibit anti-feeding or repellency properties. Soil moisture appears to be the major factor controlling the release of the imidacloprid active ingredient. Under normal field conditions the pellet will release imidacloprid for 1.5–2 plus years. The pellet consistently increases cane and sugar yield in the plant and has shown to be beneficial against infestations in the first three crop cycles.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aElectrical and Electronic Engineering.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100909.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100912
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100912$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100912$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQH366.2
=082  04$a576.8$223
=100  1\$aHu, Jian-Qiang,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSynergistic Tribological Performances of Borate Additive in Lubricants /$cJian-Qiang Hu, Yi-Qin Hu, Guang-Long Liu, Yu-Hong Ma.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b18
=520  3\$aA four-ball tester was used to evaluate the tribological behaviors of nitrogen-containing borate (BNO) combined with zinc dialkyldithiophosphate (ZDDP) and tin dialkyldithiocarbamates (SnDDC) in liquid paraffin or mineral oil, even respectively. The surface analytical tools such as X-ray photoelectron spectrometer (XPS), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) were used to investigate the chemical states of some typical elements and composition on the rubbing surface of the wear scar. The tribological results show that BNO exhibits better antiwear properties in base oils, and can exhibit good antiwear synergism when it was combined with additives ZDDP and SnDDC, respectively, while the antiwear properties of oil-containing additive packages are optimal under certain concentration ranges. The results of XPS and XRD analyses indicated that BNO can form tribochemical mixed protective films consisting of BN or B2O3 compounds on the rubbing surface, and the combination of BNO with SnDDC may form tin, oxides, sulfide, and N-containing compounds on the rubbing surfaces, which contribute to improving the tribological properties of lubricants. A considerable amount of ZDDP can be partially replaced by BNO in synergistic mixtures, or replaced completely by the combination of BNO with SnDDC, which is especially important for ZDDP used in ecologically sensitive applications.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSynergistic.
=650  \0$aAdditive.
=650  \0$aLoad carrying.
=650  \0$aAntiwear.
=650  14$aBorate.
=650  24$aAdditive.
=650  24$aAntiwear.
=650  24$aLoad carrying.
=650  24$aSynergistic.
=700  1\$aHu, Yi-Qin,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLiu, Guang-Long,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMa, Yu-Hong,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100912.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100913
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100913$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100913$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK9001
=082  04$a621.48$223
=100  1\$aHöhn, B.-R.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe “Practice Relevant Pitting Test”—A New Improved Test Method to Evaluate the Influence of Lubricants on the Pitting Load Capacity of Case Carburized Gears /$cB.-R. Höhn, P. Oster, T. Radev, T. Tobie.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b8
=520  3\$aPitting is a form of fatigue failure which occurs on the flanks of highly loaded case carburized gears. The lubricants, consisting of base oil and additives, influence the pitting lifetime of the gear flanks. Common calculation methods of the pitting load capacity consider, along with the flank roughness and the tangential velocity, only the nominal viscosity of a lubricant as a lubrication relevant influence parameter. The actual lubricant performance and particularly the influence of the additives can be determined only experimentally. Within a FVA-research project a new “Practice Relevant Pitting Test” was developed to evaluate the influence of lubricants on the pitting load capacity of case carburized gears. The new test method is a mechanical test procedure which is based on the existing FVA-FZG-Pitting Test. It is defined as a single stage test which can be extended to an application test by testing the lubricant with a second load stage. In order to improve the practice relevance and to reduce the scatter of the test results the test uses superfinished test gears with adequate profile modifications. The extremely low flank roughness of the new test gears prevents particularly the appearance of undesired micro-pitting and therefore improves the reproducibility of the reached lifetime within the performed test runs. The new pitting test procedure was verified with different gear transmission lubricants and is seen as an improvement of the existing FVA-FZG-Pitting Test. It provides also a possibility to consider the test results for calculation of the pitting load capacity of industrial and automotive transmission gears with an additional factor ZLp which is to be applied in the calculation method according to DIN 3990. The paper describes the new developed test procedure “Practice Relevant Pitting Test” and discusses the correlation and classification to the existing FVA-FZG-Pitting Test.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aElectrical and Electronic Engineering.
=700  1\$aOster, P.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRadev, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTobie, T.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100913.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100915
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100915$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100915$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRA1231.R2
=082  04$a616.07/57 s$223
=100  1\$aSparks, M. H.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aInvestigation of Radiation Transport Modeling Trends in the WSMR Fast Burst Reactor Environments /$cM. H. Sparks, W. W. Sallee, T. M. Flanders.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b10
=520  3\$aRadiation transport calculations provide the backbone for the spectrum characterization used to support experimenters at research reactors. The radiation transport calculations provide a priori neutron spectra used in least squares spectrum adjustment. In addition, calculations are often the sole source of baseline neutron spectra data when an experimental test object substantially perturbs the free-field spectrum. It is crucial that analysts provide high fidelity uncertainty quantification for the spectrum calculations. This is an investigation of systematic trends as the distance to the source is varied in calculated spectra at a fast burst facility. A comparison of ratios is designed to highlight trends in the C/E ratios that may shed light on deficiencies in the transport cross sections or sensitivities to the details of the facility modeling. Initial comparisons of the latest IRDF-2002 [1] dosimetry cross section library to the SNL RML [2] cross section library have been made and are discussed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aNeutron spectra.
=650  \0$aCross section.
=650  \0$aMonte carlo.
=650  \0$aSpectrum adjustment.
=650  14$aNeutron spectra.
=650  24$aMonte carlo.
=650  24$aCross section.
=650  24$aSpectrum adjustment.
=650  24$aTransport cross section.
=700  1\$aSallee, W. W.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFlanders, T. M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100915.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100916
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100916$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100916$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRB170
=082  04$a616.07$223
=100  1\$aKinker, Bernard G.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aROBO—A Bench Procedure to Replace Sequence IIIGA Engine Test /$cBernard G. Kinker, Raymond Romaszewski, Pamela A. Palmer.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b26
=520  3\$aA constant quest but a difficult goal is replacement of expensive and lengthy engine tests with more cost effective bench tests. This paper will report on development of a bench test, the ROBO, as a potential replacement for the Sequence IIIGA, an oxidative oil thickening engine test now part of ILSAC GF-4 specifications. Sequence IIIGA, a gasoline fueled engine running under severe conditions, is used to condition oils prior to determining TP-1 MRV viscosity, a cold temperature and low shear rate measurement. After Sequence IIIGA conditioning, candidate oils must meet SAE J300 pumpability limits at no more than 5°C warmer than its original SAE W grade. The ROBO bench procedure has been developed to potentially replace Sequence IIIGA engine aging by mimicking, to the degree possible, oxidative conditions found in the engine conditioning procedure. ROBO conditions were developed by employing the three Sequence IIIG ASTM matrix oils and comparing their used oil rheologies from multiple Sequence IIIG and ROBO runs. The results from the final ROBO conditions compare well not only for TP-1 MRV but also for KV 40°C and CCS. To further test the correlation of bench to engine conditioning, a set of diverse oils (various SAE viscosity grades and DI chemistries) have been examined; these viscometric data from ROBO and Sequence IIIG also compare favorably with only a few anomalies. Finally, the status of industry acceptance of ROBO will be discussed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aConventional coolants.
=650  \0$aHybrid coolants.
=650  \0$aExtended life coolants.
=650  \0$aOxidation.
=650  14$aOxidation.
=650  24$aSequence IIIGA.
=650  24$aPour point depressant.
=650  24$aMRV TP-1.
=700  1\$aRomaszewski, Raymond,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPalmer, Pamela A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100916.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100926
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100926$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100926$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTJ1077
=082  04$a621.8/9$223
=100  1\$aYuansheng, Jin,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMechanochemical Additive-Assisted Reconditioning Effects and Mechanism on Worn Ferrous Surfaces /$cJin Yuansheng, Yang He, Li. Shenghua.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aAn additive package of reconditioning functionality for worn ferrous surfaces has been designed in light of the mechanochemical reaction principle. The package is formulated from a fine-powdery multicomponent mixture of Serpentine minerals, surfactants, and catalysts. The main reconditioning component in the package is magnesium silicate hydroxide (Mg6(Si4O10)(OH)8), with the surfactants for dispersing the main component into bulk lubricant and the catalysts for facilitating interfacial mechanochemical reactions, particularly oil pyrolysis and carbonization. With commercial fully-formulated engine oils as benchmark, the reconditioning effects of the reconditioner package have been demonstrated in both laboratory tribotestings and in real-world heavy-duty (locomotive diesel engine) scenarios. Surface examination of sampled worn surfaces on both laboratory test specimens and cylinder bore of locomotive diesel engine has shown that a nano-crystalline layer has been generated which possesses nanometric roughness, higher surface hardness, and proper H/E ratio. Advanced analyses have indicated that the layer is composed of Fe3O4 and FeOOH nanoparticles which are dispersed on the Fe-C matrix. The smoother surface mitigates asperity interlocking which would otherwise induce high friction; the high surface hardness and appropriate H/E ratio result in less elastic deformation within nanocrystalline contact regions, which effectively lessens friction and wear arisen from plastic plowing and adhesion. Further characterization of sampled worn cylinder bore surface and analysis of used oils have suggested that generation of the nanocrystalline layer in presence of Mg6(Si4O10)(OH)8 involves three interwoven processes: oxidative mechanical polishing, lubricant carbonization and graphitization, and mechanical alloying.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMechanical alloying.
=650  \0$aSurface modification.
=650  \0$aNanocrystalline layer.
=650  \0$aCatalysis.
=650  \0$aLubricant additives.
=650  14$aLubricant additives.
=650  24$aNanocrystalline layer.
=650  24$aSurface modification.
=650  24$aCatalysis.
=650  24$aMechanical alloying.
=650  24$aMechanochemical reaction.
=700  1\$aHe, Yang,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aShenghua, Li.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100926.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100933
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100933$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100933$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQK731
=082  04$a571.8/2$223
=100  1\$aDevisetty, Bala N.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDevelopment of Fast Dissolving Concentrated Gibberellin Water Soluble Granular Formulations /$cBala N. Devisetty, Prem Warrior, Ricardo Menendez, Mark Beach, Daniel Heiman.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aGibberellins, a major group of naturally occurring plant hormones, are diterpenoid acids, known to influence a range of plant developmental processes including stem elongation, germination, dormancy, flowering, sex expression, enzyme induction, fruit size and quality, and leaf and fruit senescence. Gibberellins are commercially produced by fermentation of natural fungus, Gibberella fujikuroi. The most commonly used Gibberellic acid, GA3, is primarily formulated as solutions (2 to 5 % in isopropyl alcohol, 10 % in methyl alcohol), as 5 to 20 % wettable or soluble powders, or both, as 3.1 % soluble granules or as 1 to 10-g effervescent tablets. The other frequently used gibberellins, GA4+7, are primarily formulated as 1 to 4 % solutions either in tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol (THFA) or in propylene glycol. Of the solvents currently used, isopropyl alcohol and methyl alcohol offer severe disadvantages such as flammability, toxicity, and restrictions in manufacturing, packaging, labeling, transportation, and warehousing. The THFA used in some of the formulations is considered corrosive to the eye and skin. Low solubility of gibberellins in propylene glycol does not permit solution formulations with greater than 2 % wt/wt gibberellins. The powder formulations are not user friendly and require quite a long time to achieve true solubility of the active component in tank mixes. Due to low solubility and undesirable hydrolysis, it has not been possible to formulate gibberellins in aqueous systems. This paper will present formulation studies leading to the development of stable, high potency (GA3 at 40 % wt/wt and higher; GA4+7 at 10 % wt/wt and higher), dust free, instantly water wettable, dispersible, and soluble Gibberellin plant growth regulator granular formulations by low pressure extrusion methodology. Field biological efficacy studies on grapes showed concentrated water soluble granular formulation either equivalent or superior to the standard powder formulation.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aGibberellic acid.
=650  \0$aGibberellins.
=650  \0$aPlant hormones.
=650  14$aGibberellins.
=650  24$aGibberellic acid.
=650  24$aWater soluble granular formulations.
=650  24$aPlant hormones.
=650  24$aPlant growth substances.
=650  24$aGrape.
=650  24$aApple.
=700  1\$aWarrior, Prem,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMenendez, Ricardo,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBeach, Mark,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHeiman, Daniel,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100933.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100937
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100937$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100937$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTJ1077
=082  04$a621.8/9$223
=100  1\$aHaque, T.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aStudy of the ZDDP Antiwear Tribofilm Formed on the DLC Coating Using AFM and XPS Techniques /$cT. Haque, A. Morina, A. Neville, R. Kapadia, S. Arrowsmith.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b30
=520  3\$aTo meet the challenge of the increasing demand of fuel economy, in recent years low friction nonferrous coatings such as diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings have become very popular for automotive tribo-components. The interaction of lubricant additives, which are designed for ferrous surfaces, with nonferrous coatings is an important issue for the automotive and lubricant industries. The aim of this paper is to establish a link between the evolution of antiwear zinc dialkyl dithiophosphate (ZDDP) tribofilm and the tribological performance of a DLC coating under boundary lubrication conditions. Experiments were performed in a pin-on-plate reciprocating tribotester to produce the tribofilm. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to record high resolution topographical images of the ZDDP films while chemical analysis of the ZDDP tribofilms was performed using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Results in this study show that the ZDDP tribofilm consists of short chain zinc pyrophosphate (Zn2P2O7) and zinc metaphosphate (ZnOP2O5), and it is formed along the raised portion of the initial marks of the DLC surface.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aDLC coating.
=650  \0$aBoundary lubrication.
=650  14$aDLC coating.
=650  24$aBoundary lubrication.
=650  24$aZinc dialkyl dithiophosphate.
=650  24$aAtomic force microscopy.
=650  24$aX-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
=700  1\$aMorina, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNeville, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKapadia, R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aArrowsmith, S.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100937.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100938
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100938$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100938$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK9001
=082  04$a621.48$223
=100  1\$aFitamen, Eric,$eauthor.
=245  10$aValidation of Oxidative Stability of Factory Fill and Alternative Engine Oils Using the Iron Catalyzed Oxidation Test /$cEric Fitamen, Laurent Tiquet, Mathias Woydt.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b3
=520  3\$aOxidation resistance is one of the limiting factors for long drains, bionotox, LowSAP or NoSAP engine oils. The French iron catalyzed oxidation test (ICOT) uses 60 ppm iron acetylacetonate as diluted catalyst under an aeration of 10 L∕h at 170°C. The ICOT ranks the oxidation stability of oils according to three properties: a. the viscosity increase (e.g., max. Δη40°C<100 % or Δη100°C<100 %), b. the increase to an individual TAN (e.g., max. 7.5 mgKOH∕g) and c. the oxidative evaporation losses of max. 10 % at Δη=100 % due to oxidation. This paper describes the ICOT method standardized as GFC Lu 36T 03 and the obtainable accuracy. Also, results are compiled achieved with this test for factory fill engine oils as well as alternative prototype engine oils based on esters, blends of esters with hydrocarbons, and polyglycols.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aElectrical and Electronic Engineering.
=700  1\$aTiquet, Laurent,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWoydt, Mathias,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100938.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100939
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100939$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100939$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA405
=082  04$a620.112$223
=100  1\$aLucon, Enrico,$eauthor.
=245  10$aUse of KLST-Type Miniature Charpy Specimens for Measuring Dynamic Fracture Toughness under Impact Loading Rates /$cEnrico Lucon, Marc Scibetta.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b24
=520  3\$aThe knowledge of dynamic mechanical properties is useful in all cases where the strain rate sensitivity of metallic materials is an issue, and whenever the actual loading conditions for a structure (either in normal operation or under accidental circumstances) are different from static. Furthermore, in some investigations, increasing the loading rate in a mechanical test is used to simulate other embrittling mechanisms such as thermal aging or neutron exposure. Precracked Charpy-type (PCVN) specimens, tested under impact loading rates using an instrumented pendulum, have been used for more than 30 years to measure dynamic fracture toughness; the experimental procedure and the analysis methodology are fairly well established, despite the lack of an ASTM or ISO official test standard. This paper addresses the applicability of fatigue precracked miniature Charpy specimens of KLST type (PKLST-B = 3 mm, W = 4 mm and L = 27 mm) for impact toughness measurements in the ductile-to-brittle transition regime and in fully ductile (upper shelf) conditions. In the transition region, tests have been analyzed using the Master Curve approach; the multiple-specimen (low-blow) method has been applied in the upper shelf regime. A well-known and fully characterized reactor pressure vessel steel of the A533B Cl.1 type (JRQ) has been used; the results obtained have been compared with data previously obtained from standard-size precracked Charpy specimens. It has been found that under impact loading conditions PKLST specimens suffer significant loss of constraint when compared to conventional precracked Charpy V-notch samples, in both transition and upper shelf conditions.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aStrain Rate Sensitivity.
=650  \0$aDynamic mechanical properties.
=650  \0$aLoading rate.
=650  \0$aUpper shelf.
=650  \0$aLoss of constraint.
=650  14$aDynamic mechanical properties.
=650  24$aStrain rate sensitivity.
=650  24$aLoading rate.
=650  24$aImpact fracture toughness.
=650  24$aPKLST specimens.
=650  24$aDuctile-to-brittle transition regime.
=650  24$aUpper shelf.
=650  24$aJRQ.
=650  24$aLoss of constraint.
=700  1\$aScibetta, Marc,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100939.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100941
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100941$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100941$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTJ844
=082  04$a621.2/0424$223
=100  1\$aMichael, Paul W.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAdditive and Base Oil Effects in Automatic Particle Counters /$cPaul W. Michael, Thomas S. Wanke, Michael A. McCambridge.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b8
=520  3\$aThe U.S. Military specifies the use of Mil-PRF-2104 engine oil in the hydraulic system of certain nontactical military vehicles. Skid-steer loaders and other heavy equipment also use engine oils in their hydraulic systems. These vehicles are required to meet roll-off cleanliness specifications in order to improve hydraulic equipment reliability. Automatic particle counters are used to verify the cleanliness of these systems. Occasionally, particle counters detect phantom particles that cannot be removed by filtration. This paper examines the possible role of base oil and additive selection in the appearance of phantom counts. Filtered Group I and Group III base oils were doped with the components of an engine oil formulation. Particle levels were monitored before and after filtration using an on-line automatic particle counter. The results show that base oil selection has minimal bearing upon appearance of phantom counts while additive selection is a significant factor. Results from three different particle counters are compared. Two laser particle counters that operate by the light-blockage principle were found to produce phantom counts from polydimethylsiloxane antifoam additives. A direct-imaging laser particle counter classified antifoam particles as water droplets and was less susceptible to phantom particle interferences from silicone antifoam additives.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHydraulic fluids.
=650  \0$aHydraulic Fluid.
=650  \0$aParticle Counting.
=650  \0$aEngine Oil.
=650  \0$aAdditives.
=650  14$aHydraulic Fluid.
=650  24$aEngine Oil.
=650  24$aAdditives.
=650  24$aParticle Counting.
=700  1\$aWanke, Thomas S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMcCambridge, Michael A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100941.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100946
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100946$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100946$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC611.98.C64
=082  04$a537.6/23$223
=100  1\$aHeinisch, H. L.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aModeling the Interaction of Helium with Dislocations and Grain Boundaries in Alpha-Iron /$cH. L. Heinisch, F. Gao, R. J. Kurtz.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b21
=520  3\$aHelium is a ubiquitous impurity in nuclear materials that can have significant deleterious effects on mechanical properties, including deformation and fracture. To determine ways to mitigate the effects of helium it is necessary to understand the behavior of helium with respect to its interaction with various microstructural features. Toward that end, we have employed molecular statics, molecular dynamics, and the dimer method of potential surface mapping to study the fate of helium in the vicinity of dislocations and grain boundaries in alpha-iron. Even at very low temperatures interstitial helium atoms can migrate to dislocations and grain boundaries, where they are strongly bound. The binding energies of helium to these microstructural features relative to the perfect crystal and the migration energies of helium diffusing within them have a strong correlation to the excess atomic volume that exists in these extended defects. Helium atom migration energies within the dislocations and grain boundaries studied are in the range of 0.4–0.5 eV. Helium “kick out” mechanisms have been identified within dislocations and grain boundaries by which interstitial helium atoms replace an Fe lattice atom, creating a stable He-vacancy complex that may be a nucleation site for an He bubble.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHelium.
=650  \0$aComputer simulation.
=650  \0$aIron.
=650  \0$aDislocations.
=650  \0$aGrain boundaries.
=650  \0$aMolecular dynamics.
=650  14$aIron.
=650  24$aHelium.
=650  24$aMolecular dynamics.
=650  24$aDislocations.
=650  24$aGrain boundaries.
=650  24$aComputer simulation.
=700  1\$aGao, F.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKurtz, R. J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100946.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
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=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100950$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100950$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQH513
=082  04$a571.4/3$223
=100  1\$aHenshell, Justin,$eauthor.
=245  10$aRemediating Basement Leaks /$cJustin Henshell.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b5
=520  3\$aThis paper discusses and reviews several of the more common causes of water infiltration into basementsThe terms “basement” and “cellar” are defined in building codes, but long-term use seems to have rendered them interchangeable. In this paper, the term “basement” is used for below-grade and partially below-grade habitable spaces, including such locations under plazas (but excluding vehicular tunnels). such as: failure of the waterproofing system, structural failure of the foundation or slab, and an increase in hydrostatic pressure. Recommendations are offered for alleviating water pressure by modifying above grade building components, altering topographical elements and the use of internal and external drains. Techniques are described for stopping water infiltration by applying negative side waterproofing materials, injecting grouts and chemicals in the soil around the foundation walls, under slabs, behind walls, and into leaking cracks and joints. The paper concludes with a review of the various materials and systems that are used for repairing leaking basements together with their pros and cons.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHydrostatic pressure.
=650  \0$aWaterproofing.
=650  \0$aBasements.
=650  \0$aRemediation methods.
=650  \0$aRepair materials.
=650  \0$aCrack movement.
=650  14$aBasements.
=650  24$aCrack movement.
=650  24$aHydrostatic pressure.
=650  24$aLeaks.
=650  24$aRemediation methods.
=650  24$aRepair materials.
=650  24$aWaterproofing.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100950.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100956
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100956$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100956$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTJ1075
=082  04$a621.8/9$223
=100  1\$aMüller, Michael,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDesign of Functionalized PAMA Viscosity Modifiers to Reduce Friction and Wear in Lubricating Oils /$cMichael Müller, Jingyan Fan, Hugh Spikes.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b5
=520  3\$aPolyalkylmethacrylates (PAMAs) are widely used as both viscosity index improvers and dispersant boosters in engine, hydraulic, and transmission oils. Since they are employed in a relatively high concentration in these roles, it is desirable that they be able to enhance other characteristics of a lubricant and, in particular, its boundary lubricating properties. A series of functionalized PAMAs have been synthesized that can adsorb from oil solution onto rubbing surfaces to produce thick boundary films. These films enhance lubricant film formation in slow speed and high temperature conditions and thus make a significant contribution to their lubricating ability. The current paper describes a systematic study of the influence of functionalized PAMAs on boundary lubrication performance. The high frequency reciprocating test rig (HFRR) was applied to investigate friction and wear under pure sliding. A new test method has been developed which allows wear to be monitored in a rolling and sliding contact based on the mini traction machine (MTM). This, in combination with other tests, is employed to investigate the influence of polymer architecture, functionality, concentration and molecular weight on friction and wear in a range of lubricant formulations. This enables the tailored design of polymers which offer low friction and wear properties.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFriction.
=650  \0$aViscosity modifier.
=650  \0$aWear.
=650  \0$aTribology.
=650  14$aTribology.
=650  24$aFriction.
=650  24$aWear.
=650  24$aPAMA.
=650  24$aViscosity modifier.
=700  1\$aFan, Jingyan,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSpikes, Hugh,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100956.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100958
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100958$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100958$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN24.N6
=082  04$a553/.09789 s$223
=100  1\$aEzuber, Hosni M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPrediction of Strontium Sulfate Scale Formation in Oilfield Environment /$cHosni M. Ezuber.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b22
=520  3\$aAn easy and reliable method for predicting a scale tendency of strontium sulfate as a function of several variables including sodium chloride brine composition, temperature, and pressure effect is developed. The effect of the amount of sulfate tied up as [MgSO40] on SrSO4 solubility is also considered. The magnesium sulfate dissociation constants and strontium sulfate experimental solubility data is fitted in mathematical equations. These equations can be easily used to determine SrSO4 scaling tendency in environments common to oil field brines. The reliability and key features of the prediction method are illustrated in the text with oilfield well cases. Results obtained using the present model are in good agreement with field observation. The method presented in this study is easy to use, reliable, and can be applied to any producing wells where SrSO4 occurs.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPrediction method.
=650  \0$aScale.
=650  \0$aStrontium sulfate.
=650  14$aScale.
=650  24$aStrontium sulfate.
=650  24$aPrediction method.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100958.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100959
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100959$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100959$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTJ930
=082  04$a621.8/672$223
=100  1\$aLucon, Enrico,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMiniature Compact Tension Specimens for Upper Shelf Fracture Toughness Measurements on RPV Steels /$cEnrico Lucon, Marc Scibetta.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aMiniature compact tension, MC(T), specimens (thickness B = 4.15 mm) have been recently investigated at SCK⋅CEN for measuring the fracture toughness of steels under fully ductile conditions (upper shelf regime). The first results of this assessment, made by comparison with results obtained from 1TC(T) samples of various RPV steels with quite different toughness properties, have been described in a previous paper by the same authors. It was observed that, although a systematic and significant underestimation of both critical toughness values and crack propagation resistance was observed for the MC(T) samples with respect to the bigger specimens, it is possible to establish an empirical correlation between the two geometries which allows deriving acceptable estimates of the material’s critical toughness. In this work, further investigations are presented, related to: (1) the behavior of MC(T) and 1TC(T) specimens in the crack tip blunting phase; (2) the role of work hardening in decreasing the tearing resistance of MC(T) specimens; and (3) the use of alternative parameters (crack-tip opening displacement, crack-tip opening angle, Ernst’s modified J-integral JM). Evidence is also presented which could justify a revision of the specimen measuring capacity (Jmax) in the current ASTM Standard E1820-05, which appears too severe and could be relaxed. Further work will include validating on irradiated materials the empirical correlations established between 1TC(T) and MC(T) test results.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCrack tip blunting.
=650  \0$aWork hardening.
=650  14$aMiniature compact tension specimens.
=650  24$aMC(T)
=650  24$aUpper shelf fracture toughness.
=650  24$aCrack tip blunting.
=650  24$aWork hardening.
=650  24$aCTOD.
=650  24$aCTOA.
=650  24$aErnst’s modified J-integral.
=650  24$aSpecimen measuring capacity.
=700  1\$aScibetta, Marc,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100959.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100962
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100962$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100962$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD945
=082  04$a548.84$223
=100  1\$aWu, Xianglin,$eauthor.
=245  10$aNotch Strengthening and Its Impact on the Deformation and Fracture of 316L Stainless Steel /$cXianglin Wu, Xiao Pan, James F. Stubbins.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$a316L stainless steel has been widely used for structural component applications in irradiation environments. The impact of manufacturing or service-induced defects on material tensile response and fracture behavior has been a longstanding concern. In this study, electron backscattering diffraction and finite element methods have been utilized to examine and model the tensile response of 316L stainless steel with different notch geometries. The tensile response is influenced by twinning at room temperature, while it is completely absent at temperatures higher than 200°C. In addition, irradiation exposure increases the yield point of the material and reduces the ductility. It is found that the larger plastic deformation area and severe tip blunting in ductile, unirradiated material promote uniformly distributed post-yield strain hardening processes. In this case, fracture initiates internally for tensile and C-notched specimen geometries, but from the notch tip for sharp V-notched specimen geometries. When irradiation-induced hardening is considered, similar fracture modes are found, however, strains to fracture are significantly reduced.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aDeformation zone.
=650  \0$aDuctile-to-brittle.
=650  \0$aFracture.
=650  \0$aNotch tensile.
=650  \0$aMechanical twinning.
=650  14$aNotch tensile.
=650  24$aMechanical twinning.
=650  24$aDeformation zone.
=650  24$aDuctile-to-brittle.
=650  24$aFracture.
=700  1\$aPan, Xiao,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aStubbins, James F.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100962.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100978
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100978$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100978$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA460
=082  04$a620.1/66$223
=100  1\$aWallin, Kim,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSpecimen Size Limitations in J-R Curve Testing—Standards Versus Reality /$cKim Wallin.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b17
=520  3\$aTesting standards contain limitations on allowable J and crack growth, related to specimen size. In the case of unirradiated pressure vessel steel, it is usually possible to extract specimens of sufficient size to allow a standard determination of the J-R curve. However, in the case of irradiated materials, especially irradiated internals, it is normally not possible to use specimens that would provide valid results according to the standard requirement. This raises the question as to the relevance of the standard requirements. The size requirements stem from the dawn of elastic-plastic fracture mechanics. They have remained practically unchanged ever since, even though the understanding of elastic-plastic fracture mechanics and ductile fracture has evolved considerably. In this paper, the state-of-art understanding of the ductile fracture process, and elastic-plastic fracture mechanics is combined with experimental test results to derive new more realistic size requirements for J-R curve testing. It is shown that a considerable relaxation of the standard requirements is possible without affecting the reliability of the test result. This enables an effective and reliable testing of irradiated materials and structures whose dimensions inhibit the extraction of large specimens.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSize criteria.
=650  \0$aDuctile fracture.
=650  \0$aJ-R curve testing.
=650  \0$aSize effects.
=650  14$aJ-R curve testing.
=650  24$aSize criteria.
=650  24$aDuctile fracture.
=650  24$aSize effects.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100978.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100987
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100987$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100987$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTS183
=082  04$a620.00113$223
=100  1\$aCash, Carl G.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aArtificial Roofing Slates and Shingles /$cCarl G. Cash, Stephen J. Condren, Werner H. Gumpertz.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b4
=520  3\$aEarly in the 1980s, manufacturers started to respond to the market desires for a Class A fire-rated steep-sloped roofing material. Other manufacturers sought slate-like roofs that were lower in cost than natural slate. Both groups tried a variety of materials and cellulose fibers including fibers recovered from newsprint, bundles of wood, and more fibrous or shredded wood to reinforce portland cement matrixes. Previously, asbestos fiber was used with cement to form very durable asbestos-cement shingles, sidings, and sheets. Many manufacturers felt they could replace asbestos with other materials and did so offering performance warranties of 25 to 50 years duration. The authors have investigated and tested eleven of these artificial shakes and slates manufactured by nine manufacturers. Hundreds of roofs have been examined in more than 20 states. Some products failed before the installation was completed. Few survived past their tenth year of exposure. None of the artificial shakes and slates investigated are currently manufactured in the United States. We provide data that were generated by our laboratory tests on thousands of specimens made by nine manufacturers (A through I), identify the reinforcements present, list some of the critical properties such as flexural strength, deflection at break, and water absorption, and the specific failure modes for each product. The principal recommendation to avoid failures of this kind is to use products that have a substantial history of effective performance in the environment to which they will be used. Proceed into a market place cautiously when formulation changes are made to products with successful track records.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aApplication failure.
=650  \0$aPerformance.
=650  \0$aRoofing shakes.
=650  \0$aRoofing slates.
=650  \0$aDurability.
=650  14$aRoofing shakes.
=650  24$aRoofing slates.
=650  24$aPerformance.
=650  24$aDurability.
=650  24$aApplication failure.
=700  1\$aCondren, Stephen J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGumpertz, Werner H.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100987.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100994
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100994$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100994$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA480.A6
=082  04$a620.1/866$223
=100  1\$aSerrano, Marta,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFracture Toughness Evaluation of Eurofer97 by Testing Small Specimens /$cMarta Serrano, Pilar Fernández, Jesús Lapeña.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aEurofer’97 is the structural reference material that will be tested in the ITER modules. Its metallurgical properties have been well characterized during the last years. However, more investigations related to the fracture toughness of this material are needed to assess its integrity because this property is one of the most important to design structural components. In the case of structural materials for fusion reactors, the small specimen test technology is being actively developed to investigate the fracture toughness among other mechanical properties. The use of small specimens is due to the small available irradiation volume of the International Fusion Materials Irradiation Facility (IFMIF) and also due to the high fluence expected in the fusion reactor. The aim of this paper is to determine the fracture toughness of the Eurofer’97 steel by testing small specimens of different geometry in the ductile-to-brittle transition region with the application of the Master Curve methodology. The tests and data analysis have been performed following the Master Curve approach included in the ASTM Standard E1921-05, “Standard Test Method for Determination of Reference Temperature, T0, for Ferritic Steels in the Transition Range.” Specimen size effects and comparison of the fracture toughness results with available data in the literature are also discussed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFracture-Toughness.
=650  \0$aMaster Curve.
=650  \0$aFracture toughness.
=650  \0$aSmall specimens.
=650  14$aFracture toughness.
=650  24$aEurofer97.
=650  24$aMaster Curve.
=650  24$aSmall specimens.
=700  1\$aFernández, Pilar,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLapeña, Jesús,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100994.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI100998
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100998$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100998$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK9185.A1
=082  04$a621.4833$223
=100  1\$aNikolaev, Yu. A.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aApplication of Subsize Specimens for Irradiation Embrittlement Monitoring of VVER-440/213 RPV Steels /$cYu. A. Nikolaev, A. V. Nikolaeva.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b25
=520  3\$aResults of VVER-440/213 reactor pressure vessel (RPV) surveillance specimens studies showed that all surveillance impact bend specimens were irradiation with a lead factor more than 20 compared to irradiation of the pressure vessel inner surface. This is a special problem of radiation embrittlement assessment for VVER-440/213 RPV materials. Prediction of radiation embrittlement of RPV materials using surveillance specimens is efficient on the basis of accelerated irradiation compared to irradiation of the RPV inner surface. However, the lead factor, which is the ratio of neutron flux affecting surveillance specimens to neutron flux affecting the RPV inner surface in the maximum irradiated zone, should be not too high, when acceleration of steel irradiation would not cause qualitative changes in physical processes of irradiation damage. It is generally assumed that irradiation with a lead factor less than 3–6 provides adequate assessment of radiation embrittlement dependence on the damage dose. In the top part of the chains with VVER-440/213 surveillance specimens, fast neutron flux decreases ∼20 times and the top capsules are irradiated with a neutron flux range close to the flux maximum on the inner surface of the reactor pressure vessel; i.e., the lead factor there is around 1. This concerns both reactors with full core and with dummies on the periphery of the core. The gradient of the neutron flux in the top and bottom parts of chains is great enough; hence, the volume of homogeneously irradiated metal is low. However, there is an opportunity to use material from the top capsules of irradiation sets for correct evaluation of the transition temperature using subsize specimens. As surveillance specimens in the top capsules are irradiated at the same conditions as the pressure vessel, their study allows precise determination of radiation embrittlement of RPV materials. The results of studies of irradiation embrittlement of VVER-440/213 RPV steels using subsize specimens are discussed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aReactor pressure vessel.
=650  \0$aSubsize impact bend specimens.
=650  14$aReactor pressure vessel.
=650  24$aRadiation embrittlement.
=650  24$aDuctile-to-brittle transition temperature.
=650  24$aSubsize impact bend specimens.
=650  24$aSpecimen reconstitution.
=700  1\$aNikolaeva, A. V.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100998.htm

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=001  JAI100999
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
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=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI100999$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI100999$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA7
=082  04$a620$223
=100  1\$aNikolaev, Yu. A.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aUsing Subsize Impact Bend Specimens for Estimation of Irradiation and Re-Irradiation Embrittlement of VVER RPV Steels /$cYu. A. Nikolaev, A. V. Nikolaeva.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aResults of impact bend tests of subsize Charpy V-notch-type (CVN) specimens are used in Russia for monitoring both re-irradiation embrittlement of the first generation of VVER-440 (including VVER-440/179 and VVER-440/230, i.e., projects B-179 and B-230) reactor pressure vessel (RPV) steels and irradiation embrittlement of VVER-440/213 RPV steels. For the first generation of VVER-440 RPVs, no surveillance program was foreseen and only subsize specimens (5 by 5 by 27.5 mm and 3 by 4 by 27 mm) can be manufactured from samples taken from the inner surface of the RPV for radiation embrittlement monitoring. For VVER-440/213 RPVs, 80 % of the surveillance specimens are irradiated with a lead factor greater than 20. Only four specimens of base metal and four specimen halves of weld seam material are irradiated with a lead factor less than 3. Taking into account that full-size (10 by 10 by 55 mm) CVN specimens were used in surveillance programs, using subsize specimens enables to solve the flux effect problem for VVER-440/213 RPV beltline materials and ensure representativity of surveillance programs. Application of subsize specimens for the estimation of radiation embrittlement requires developing a correlation between transition temperature values evaluated using test results of standard (full-size) and subsize CVN specimens. Such a correlation is discussed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSpecimen reconstitution.
=650  14$aReactor pressure vessel.
=650  24$aRadiation embrittlement.
=650  24$aDuctile-to-brittle transition temperature.
=650  24$aSubsize impact bend specimens.
=650  24$aSpecimen reconstitution.
=700  1\$aNikolaeva, A. V.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI100999.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
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=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101000$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101000$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK9211.5
=082  04$a621.48/332$223
=100  1\$aShtrombakh, Ya. I.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aApplication of Subsize Specimens for Re-Irradiation Embrittlement Monitoring of the First Generation of VVER-440 RPV Steels /$cYa. I. Shtrombakh, Yu. A. Nikolaev, A. V. Nikolaeva.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aThe first generation of VVER-440 Units were not supplied with RPV steel surveillance programs. Therefore, cutting out of samples (templetes) from the inner side of RPV wall is the only possibility for re-irradiation embrittlement monitoring of the first generation of VVER-440 RPV steels. Calculations showed that it is possible to cut out a sample of 7×60×95 mm (with consequent repair) from a RPV core weld. Thus, it is impossible to machine the standard 10×10×55 mm Charpy V-notch specimens to determine RPV steel radiation embrittlement. Therefore it is necessary to use subsize specimens (5×5×27.5 mm and 3×4×27 mm) for ductile-to-brittle transition temperature evaluation of templet material. The small samples were cut out from the inner surface of the all old Russian VVER-440 RPVs to assess the actual condition of the RPV material before and after post-irradiation annealing and after re-irradiation. Special monitoring programs of periodic sampling of RPVs and re-irradiation of the templet material in surveillance channels of VVER-440/213 RPVs were developed. The state of the art of application of subsize specimens for re-irradiation embrittlement monitoring of the first generation of VVER-440 RPV steels is discussed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aRadiation embrittlement.
=650  14$aReactor pressure vessel.
=650  24$aRadiation embrittlement.
=650  24$aDuctile-to-brittle transition temperature.
=650  24$aSubsize impact bend specimens.
=650  24$aSpecimen reconstitution.
=700  1\$aNikolaev, Yu. A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNikolaeva, A. V.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101000.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101001
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101001$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101001$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA409
=082  04$a620.1/26$223
=100  1\$aLink, Richard E.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCrack Arrest Testing Using Small Wide Plate SE(T) Specimens /$cRichard E. Link, Charles Roe.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b20
=520  3\$aA greatly scaled-down version of the wide plate crack arrest test has been developed to characterize the crack arrest performance of a high strength, low alloy (HSLA) steel alloy in the upper region of the ductile-brittle transition. The specimen is a single-edge notched, 152 mm wide by 19 mm thick by 910 mm long plate subjected to a strong thermal gradient and a tensile loading. The thermal gradient is required to arrest the crack at temperatures high in the transition region, close to the expected service temperature for crack arrest applications in surface ships. Strain gages are placed along the crack path to obtain crack position and crack velocity data, and this data, along with the applied loading is combined in a “generation mode” analysis using finite element analysis to obtain a dynamic analysis of the crack arrest event. A prior investigation demonstrated the feasibility of the technique and this investigation was devised to obtain a larger dataset of crack arrest toughness values of an HSLA-100 steel plate to better characterize the upper transition crack arrest performance of this alloy. Brittle crack initiation, significant cleavage crack propagation, and subsequent crack arrest was achieved in all eight of the tests conducted in this investigation. The cleavage cracks were observed to propagate at nearly constant velocity, typically in the range of 350–400 m/s before arresting abruptly. A crack arrest master curve approach was used to characterize the fracture toughness and a crack arrest reference temperature, TKIA=−136°C was determined for the HSLA-100 plate. This corresponded to a shift in the crack initiation reference temperature of +36°C. The shift in reference temperature was much less than that observed for low Ni steel alloys.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aDynamic fracture.
=650  \0$aMaster curve.
=650  \0$aFracture toughness.
=650  \0$aCrack arrest.
=650  14$aCrack arrest.
=650  24$aFracture toughness.
=650  24$aDynamic fracture.
=650  24$aMaster curve.
=700  1\$aRoe, Charles,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101001.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101002
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101002$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101002$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA347.F5
=082  04$a515/.353$223
=100  1\$aScibetta, M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aTowards Crack Arrest Testing Using Miniature Specimens /$cM. Scibetta, R. Link, J. Schuurmans, E. Lucon.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b17
=520  3\$aCrack arrest is an important concept that can be useful to guarantee the safety of reactor pressure vessels. In case of a pressurized thermal shock, a postulated crack can initiate and arrest due to a decrease in driving force combined with an increase in material toughness due to the thermal and neutron embrittlement gradient along the thickness. Due to the size of the specimen and the difficulty in obtaining valid results according to the ASTM E1221-06 standard, “Standard Test Method for Determining Plane-Strain Crack-Arrest Fracture Toughness, KIa, of Ferritic Steels,” current efforts to develop this technique for irradiated materials are very limited. However, advances in dynamic fracture modeling and elastic-plastic fracture mechanics open the possibility of using miniature crack arrest specimens. We have developed a stiff setup to perform crack arrest tests on precracked Charpy (PCCv) specimens. Different strategies were evaluated to provide enough reduction in driving force to produce arrest. Special attention is given to the starter notch and different starter notch preparations are investigated: precracking, chevron, and brittle weld. Testing configurations were found that guarantee crack arrest with sufficient remaining ligament. The dynamic loading condition is investigated experimentally using strain gauges. Finite element calculations of an arresting crack are also performed in order to provide more insight of the loading after the crack arrest event. Although it is not yet possible to derive the arrest fracture toughness from the PCCv testing, results are encouraging and open new perspectives in the field of crack arrest determination.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFinite element calculations.
=650  \0$aFinite element method.
=650  \0$aStarter notch.
=650  \0$aCrack arrest.
=650  14$aCrack arrest.
=650  24$aPCCv.
=650  24$aStarter notch.
=650  24$aFinite element calculations.
=700  1\$aLink, R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSchuurmans, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLucon, E.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101002.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101004
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101004$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101004$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD518
=082  04$a547.1362$223
=100  1\$aSuvorovs, Terese,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffect of Geometry on the Melting Rates of Iron Rods Burning in High Pressure Oxygen /$cTerese Suvorovs, Nicholas R. Ward, Theodore A. Steinberg, Richard Wilson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b28
=520  3\$aThe effect of sample geometry on the melting rates of burning iron rods was assessed. Promoted-ignition tests were conducted with rods having cylindrical, rectangular, and triangular cross-sectional shapes over a range of cross-sectional areas. The regression rate of the melting interface (RRMI) was assessed using a statistical approach which enabled the quantification of confidence levels for the observed differences in RRMI. Statistically significant differences in RRMI were observed for rods with the same cross-sectional area but different cross-sectional shape. The magnitude of the proportional difference in RRMI increased with the cross-sectional area. Triangular rods had the highest RRMI, followed by rectangular rods, and then cylindrical rods. The dependence of RRMI on rod shape is shown to relate to the action of molten metal at corners. The corners of the rectangular and triangular rods melted faster than the faces due to their locally higher surface area to volume ratios. This phenomenon altered the attachment geometry between liquid and solid phases, increasing the surface area available for heat transfer, causing faster melting. Findings relating to the application of standard flammability test results in industrial situations are also presented.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMelting points.
=650  \0$aPoints de fusion.
=650  \0$aIron group.
=650  \0$aStatistical method.
=650  \0$aMild steel.
=650  \0$aOxygen.
=650  \0$aPromoted-ignition.
=650  \0$aStandard test.
=650  \0$aGeometry.
=650  14$aGeometry.
=650  24$aStatistical method.
=650  24$aPromoted-ignition.
=650  24$aOxygen.
=650  24$aMild steel.
=650  24$aStandard test.
=700  1\$aWard, Nicholas R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSteinberg, Theodore A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWilson, Richard,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101004.htm

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=001  JAI101005
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101005$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101005$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA356
=082  04$a624.1/76$223
=100  1\$aWei, T.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSurveillance of the Fracture Behavior of Zircaloy-4 Welds Using the Small Punch Test /$cT. Wei, D. G. Carr, H. Li, K. Smith, R. P. Harrison.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b25
=520  3\$aZircaloy-4 (Zr-4) is a zirconium alloy that has been used extensively within the nuclear industry in both power generation and research reactors. The potential for welded reactor core components to undergo embrittlement during neutron irradiation is an important materials property issue to be considered throughout the service life of the reactor. Of particular interest is the performance of welded joints which depend on the properties of both the weld heat-affected zone (HAZ) and the parent metal. For this work Zr-4 HAZ was simulated using a Gleeble weld simulator to rapidly bring the material into the β-Zr zone at peak temperatures of 1200 and 1400°C. The small punch (SP) test was then used to investigate the variation in fracture behavior of these narrow zones of the weld and compare them with the parent metal. A finite element analysis (FEA) model of the SP test was developed which can be used to predict the deformation and fracture behavior of Zr-4 welds and is compared with the experimental data obtained.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFinite Element Analysis.
=650  \0$aFinite element method.
=650  \0$aWeld metal.
=650  \0$aWelded joints.
=650  \0$aWeld.
=650  \0$aFracture.
=650  \0$aSmall punch test.
=650  14$aFracture.
=650  24$aWeld.
=650  24$aSmall punch test.
=650  24$aZircaloy-4.
=650  24$aFinite element analysis.
=700  1\$aCarr, D. G.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLi, H.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSmith, K.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHarrison, R. P.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101005.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101008
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101008$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101008$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.22
=082  04$a620.11233$223
=100  1\$aLinse, T.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aApplication of the Small-Punch Test to Irradiated Reactor Vessel Steels in the Brittle-Ductile Transition Region /$cT. Linse, M. Kuna, J. Schuhknecht, H.-W. Viehrig.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b18
=520  3\$aIn this paper, a method is applied for the identification of hardening parameters in the brittle-ductile transition region and the determination of Weibull parameters in the brittle region using small-punch tests. A small-punch-test device is developed to measure the load-displacement curve for non-irradiated and irradiated specimens of a reactor vessel steel at different temperatures inside a hot cell. In a global optimization algorithm for the identification of hardening properties, time-consuming finite element method (FEM) calculations are avoided by using neural networks that were trained with the help of a database previously generated by FEM. Identified material properties are compared with data from tensile tests, where available. The influence of irradiation and temperature on the material and fracture behavior is analyzed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBrittleness.
=650  \0$aFracture mechanics.
=650  \0$aMaterials at high temperatures.
=650  \0$aMaterials$xCreep.
=700  1\$aKuna, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSchuhknecht, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aViehrig, H.-W.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101008.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101016
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101016$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101016$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTE275
=082  04$a620.196 CHAR$223
=100  1\$aRowe, Geoffrey M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEvaluation of the Rheological Properties and Master Curve Development for Bituminous Binders Used in Roofing /$cGeoffrey M. Rowe, Gaylon L. Baumgardner.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b21
=520  3\$aAs dynamic shear rheology (DSR) testing of asphalt binders is becoming the primary mode to evaluate asphalt binders worldwide, an understanding of the rheological performance of asphalt binders has become increasingly important. Such understanding of the basic principles of rheology is essential for those developing and applying specifications, as well as developers and producers of new and enhanced roofing binders. This paper discusses the determination of the complex shear (stiffness) modulus (G∗) and phase angle (δ) of bituminous binders over a range of temperatures and frequencies when tested in harmonic sinusoidal oscillatory shear mode using a dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) with parallel plate test geometry where both plates are controlled at the same temperature. Rheological measurements and master curves for six different binders used in the manufacture of industrial roofing materials are presented. The data presented are results of testing of unaged and oven-aged binders to include a standard air blown binder, a catalytically air blown binder, and various modified bitumen binders.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAsphalt cement.
=650  \0$aAsphalt$xRheology.
=650  \0$aBituminous binders.
=650  \0$aAging (Materials)
=650  \0$aMoisture content.
=650  \0$aAging performance.
=650  \0$aModified bitumen.
=650  \0$aRoofing materials.
=650  \0$aRheology.
=650  14$aRheology.
=650  24$aModified bitumen.
=650  24$aRoofing materials.
=650  24$aAging performance.
=700  1\$aBaumgardner, Gaylon L.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101016.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101018
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101018$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101018$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA492.W4
=082  04$a671.5/2042$223
=100  1\$aGraveline, Stanley,$eauthor.
=245  10$aWelding of Thermoplastic Roofing Membranes Subjected to Different Conditioning Procedures /$cStanley Graveline.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b1
=520  3\$aThe use of thermoplastic roofing membranes has grown dramatically over the past years. This has occurred for a number of reasons including the proven track record of some products, the move to light colored “cool” materials, and the variety of systems available. A key benefit of thermoplastic membranes is the ability to hot air weld their seams, creating a permanent seal. As these single-ply membranes are installed in a one-ply configuration, a properly executed seam is critical to their long-term performance. Welding properties of membranes from five different manufacturers of thermoplastics: two polyvinyl chloride (PVC), two thermoplastic olefins (TPO), and one KEE (ketone ethylene ester) were studied. All materials were welded at twelve different combinations of welding temperature and speed. Each of these “welding windows” was completed with material as received, after 4 days immersed in water and after 30 days of exposure to severe soiling. Finished welds were assessed by peel testing in a tensile test apparatus. Differences in welding properties of specific materials and the generic types of products were evaluated, including sensitivity to changes in weld parameters, the effectiveness of manufacturer recommended cleaning/seam preparation, as well as the impact of the conditioning processes on weld quality. Integrating a previous study by others, a weld safety factor concept was developed which is a useful metric for assessing weld quality. This work demonstrated the need for clear, product specific welding guidelines for both new materials and for roof membranes exposed to the elements so as to ensure a proper weld.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aWelded joints$xCracking.
=650  \0$aWelded joints$xTesting.
=650  \0$aWelding.
=650  \0$aChemistry.
=650  \0$aContinuum Mechanics and Mechanics of Materials.
=650  \0$aMembrane welding.
=650  \0$aRoofing.
=650  \0$aMembrane seams.
=650  14$aKEE.
=650  24$aMembrane seams.
=650  24$aMembrane welding.
=650  24$aPVC.
=650  24$aRoofing.
=650  24$aSingle ply.
=650  24$aThermoplastic membranes.
=650  24$aTPO.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101018.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101027
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101027$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101027$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA435
=082  04$a620.112$223
=100  1\$aBaskaran, Bas A.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPilot Study on Wind Uplift Resistance of Adhesive Applied Low Slope Roofing Systems /$cBas A. Baskaran, Bona Murty, Hiroshi Tanaka.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b10
=520  3\$aA new generation of built-up roofs, known as Adhesive Applied Roofing Systems (AARS), is gaining popularity in North America for low slope application. AARS use no fasteners for components’ attachment and all components (e.g., insulation board, cover board, and membranes) are integrated by application of adhesives. Since there are no metal fasteners, AARS can offer advantages of reduction in moisture migration and thermal bridging. Moisture in the roof envelope can lead generally to material deterioration, structural integrity problems, and the growth of mould. Even though AARS are in commercial use, there is no existing test standard to quantify their wind uplift performance. A new project, “Development of Wind Uplift Standard for Adhesive Applied Low Slope Roofing Systems,” has been initiated in collaboration with industries, university, and the Canadian Government. The project has three major tasks: experimental investigation, formulation of a numerical model, and development of wind design guide and standard. Task 1 completes preliminary investigations by constructing eight mock-ups. All mock-ups had steel deck and polyisocyanurate insulation and varied in adhesives (type, quantity, and application method), cover boards, and membranes. Mock-ups were subjected to both static and dynamic wind loading conditions. Experimental data showed similarity in failure modes and variations in wind uplift ratings. Data show that among the mockups, the weakest link varied depending on the type of adhesives used and component arrangements. This paper presents and discusses the data from this ongoing experimental investigation.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aRoofing$xTesting.
=650  \0$aAdhesive tape$xTesting.
=650  \0$aAdhesives$xTesting.
=650  \0$aCover board.
=650  \0$aInsulation board.
=650  \0$aAdhesive.
=650  \0$aFailure.
=650  \0$aPressure.
=650  \0$aSteel deck.
=650  \0$aBase sheet.
=650  \0$aCap sheet.
=650  14$aAdhesive.
=650  24$aSteel deck.
=650  24$aVapor barrier (retarder)
=650  24$aInsulation board.
=650  24$aCover board.
=650  24$aBase sheet.
=650  24$aCap sheet.
=650  24$aPressure.
=650  24$aFailure.
=650  24$aWind uplift resistance.
=700  1\$aMurty, Bona,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTanaka, Hiroshi,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101027.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101031
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101031$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101031$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD96.I5
=082  04$a543/.08583$223
=100  1\$aDelgado, Ana H.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aInvestigation of the Effect of Heat on Specially Formulated Thermoplastic Polyolefin (TPO) Films by Thermogravimetry, Dynamic Mechanical Analysis, and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy /$cAna H. Delgado, George Howell, Randy Ober, Paul E. Oliveira, Arnold Peterson, Richard Boon, Ralph M. Paroli.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (18 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b32
=520  3\$aTo explore the use of chemical methods of analysis in investigating the performance of thermoplastic polyolefins (TPO), the ASTM D08.18 Subcommittee undertook a study to evaluate TPO films of known composition. These specially formulated films with varying amounts of stabilizers were heat-aged for up to 56 days according to ASTM D 6878-03 and then analyzed using dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), thermogravimetry (TG), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. These techniques were found to be useful in characterizing the effect of heat on the TPO films under study and it is believed that they could be used to evaluate actual TPO membranes. Please note that these are films and not roof membranes. The formulations used for the films could be modified for use in actual membranes.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFourier transform infrared spectroscopy.
=650  \0$aFourier Analysis.
=650  \0$aSpectrophotometry, Infrared.
=650  \0$aspectroscopy.
=650  \0$aHeat aging.
=650  \0$aChemical properties.
=650  \0$aMass loss.
=650  14$aTPO.
=650  24$aChemical properties.
=650  24$aHeat aging.
=650  24$aDynamic mechanical analysis (DMA)
=650  24$aFourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy.
=650  24$aThermogravimetry (TG)
=650  24$aMass loss.
=650  24$aDerivative of TG (DTG)
=700  1\$aHowell, George,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aOber, Randy,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aOliveira, Paul E.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPeterson, Arnold,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBoon, Richard,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aParoli, Ralph M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101031.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101042
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101042$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101042$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.38
=082  04$a620.1126$223
=100  1\$aPrakash, Raghu V.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aInvestigation of Material Fatigue Behavior Through Cyclic Ball Indentation Testing /$cRaghu V. Prakash, Prashant Bhokardole, Chow Shing Shin.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b20
=520  3\$aAn experimental investigation of cyclic indentation testing to characterize the fatigue response of three different metallic materials: two aluminum alloys (2014-T651 and 7175-T7351) and a duplex stainless steel (2205), was carried out. The force-displacement response during cyclic loading was logged continuously throughout the entire duration of the test and the data were analyzed to identify parameters such as change in total depth of penetration, change in loading and unloading slopes, change in unloading intercept as a function of number of cycles, and change in displacement range as a function of number of cycles. From the results, one could identify the transient response of the material during cyclic loading, and identify some specific points relating to fatigue failure life, such as knee-point response in depth of penetration as a function of number of cycles of loading. It was observed that data on unloading slope plotted as a function of number of cycles also provide an indication of specimen failure in compression-compression fatigue. The responses were found to be similar for all the three materials tested at different maximum compressive force levels. Failure life data in the low cycle fatigue (LCF) region was evaluated for Al-Cu-Mg alloy 7175-T7351 and the data compared with the failure indicators (knee point) during cyclic indentation testing. A reasonable correlation was established between failure life, as indicated by LCF testing and knee point indicated by cyclic indentation. Experiments were also carried out on virgin material of 7175-T7351 alloy and plastically deformed material of the same alloy. Both static and cyclic indentation tests show a difference in material behavior before and after residual plastic deformation. Further work is required to correlate failure life data as obtained from cyclic indentation with specimens having controlled damage levels, before this technique can be used for residual life estimation purposes.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMaterials$xFatigue$xTesting.
=650  \0$aStrains and stresses$xTesting.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aMaterials.
=650  \0$aLow cycle fatigue.
=650  14$aAutomated ball indentation testing.
=650  24$aCyclic indentation testing.
=650  24$aForce-displacement data.
=650  24$aPlastic depth of penetration.
=650  24$aLow cycle fatigue.
=650  24$aFatigue response for plastically deformed material.
=700  1\$aBhokardole, Prashant,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aShin, Chow Shing,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101042.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101044
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101044$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101044$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTE270
=082  04$a625.85$223
=100  1\$aBaumgardner, Gaylon L.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSpecifications for Roofing and Industrial Asphalts Using Dynamic Shear Rheometry (DSR) /$cGaylon L. Baumgardner, Geoffrey M. Rowe.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aAsphalt specifications in the U.S., Europe, and elsewhere in the world are increasingly dependent upon basic principles of rheology, in particular dynamic shear rheology (DSR). The roofing industry would be benefited by a revised ASTM specification featuring DSR measurements as opposed to the current ASTM Standard Specification D 312 in which softening point is the primary distinguishing characteristic of roofing asphalts. Rheological performance is the critical determinant of satisfactory roofing asphalt quality in that it must possess sufficient stiffness at higher temperatures to resist slippage on slopes and also be flexible enough at lower temperatures to resist cracking and debonding. This paper demonstrates the use of rheological parameters to replace the current softening point parameters, as well as introduces high and low temperature rheological parameters for climatic consideration. The proposed change incorporates climatic performance grades with high and low temperature limits which are based on DSR testing for the basic types of roofing asphalt.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBituminous materials.
=650  \0$aPavements, Asphalt.
=650  \0$aRoad materials$xTesting.
=650  \0$aRoofing.
=650  \0$aAsphalt.
=650  14$aRoofing.
=650  24$aAsphalt.
=650  24$aDynamic shear rheometry master curve.
=700  1\$aRowe, Geoffrey M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101044.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101046
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101046$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101046$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH2457
=082  04$a695$223
=100  1\$aMichener, Mark L.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aQuality Assurance Program for Soldering Copper Roofs /$cMark L. Michener, Craig A. Hoernschemeyer.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b5
=520  3\$aSince the early 1700s, the art of coppersmithing has been used to construct watertight roofing systems. For low slope, flat seam roofing systems, soldered locked seams and riveted lap joints are essential for the success of this type of system. However, industry standards for testing and monitoring quality assurance to produce a watertight metal roofing product are vague and are not adequately equated to contractor performance. This paper will trace the development of a soldering quality assurance program developed for historical roofing restoration projects requiring watertight seams.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aExterior walls.
=650  \0$aRoofing, Iron and steel.
=650  \0$aSheet-metal, Corrugated.
=650  \0$aSheet metal roofing.
=650  \0$aSoldering.
=650  14$aCopper.
=650  24$aSheet metal roofing.
=650  24$aSoldering.
=700  1\$aHoernschemeyer, Craig A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101046.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101048
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101048$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101048$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aPN1997
=082  04$a635.9671 G795 2010 [ONLINE]$223
=100  1\$aLindow, Edward S.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aRetrofitting a Green Roof on an Existing Facility :$bA Case History /$cEdward S. Lindow, Mark L. Michener.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b3
=520  3\$aParaphrasing an old adage, anything worth doing, will be hard to accomplish. And so it is with retrofitting an existing building with a “green roof.” This paper presents a case history of funding, designing, and installing a vegetated green roof on the existing Public Service Building in Battle Creek, Michigan. Funding for the project included a grant from the Michigan Department of Environmental Quality as well as capital investment made by the City. The State grant was tied to an Environmental Science and Services Division Grant, for a Storm Water Runoff Control Project. The paper discusses latent conditions encountered in the existing facility and other challenges overcome in the construction process. The end result of the project is a sustainable roofing system that was certainly worth doing right. In fact, the project is a 2006 recipient of the American Public Works Association national award for projects under two million dollars.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aGreen roofs (Gardening)
=650  \0$aRoof gardening.
=650  \0$aBuilding$xEnvironmental aspects.
=650  \0$aRoofing.
=650  \0$aStorm water.
=650  14$aRoofing.
=650  24$aVegetated roof covering.
=650  24$aStorm water.
=700  1\$aMichener, Mark L.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101048.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101055
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101055$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101055$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aDT63
=082  04$a690/.8$223
=100  1\$aBaskaran, A.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aUnderstanding Low-Sloped Roofs Under Hurricane Charley From Field to Practice /$cA. Baskaran, S. Molleti, D. Roodvoets.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b22
=520  3\$aNatural wind hazard damages have been dramatic in recent years, incurring losses of life and property around the world. Wind-induced failure is one of the major contributors to insurance claims, and it is rising. To address these growing concerns, RICOWI (Roofing Industry Committee on Weather Issues) started a Wind Investigation Program (WIP) to investigate the field performance of roofing assemblies after major windstorm events and to factually describe roof assembly performance and modes of damage. As part of this program, Hurricane Charley, which hit Punta Gorda, FL, with winds exceeding 140 mph (63 m/s), was investigated. This paper mainly focuses on the field performance of the low-sloped roofs with three important parameters that were found critical in the failure of the roofing systems, namely, • Effect of corner wind suction, • Effect of parapet, • Effect of internal pressure. For each scenario, first scientific documentation was presented, and then how the field observation reflects the fundamental principles were discussed. Based on this exercise, correlations are developed for roof wind design. In addition, wind design data from the North American codes of practice are also calculated and compared to show the impact of science and field observation on durable roof design. With these illustrations, this paper offers recommendations to advance the roof system design for hurricane-prone regions.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBuilding, Stormproof.
=650  \0$aDwellings.
=650  \0$aRoof trusses.
=650  \0$aWind-pressure.
=650  \0$aInternal pressure.
=650  \0$aWind tunnel.
=650  \0$aHurricanes.
=650  \0$aRoofs.
=650  \0$aWind loads.
=650  \0$aDynamic test.
=650  \0$aParapet.
=650  14$aRoofs.
=650  24$aHurricanes.
=650  24$aParapet.
=650  24$aInternal pressure.
=650  24$aWind tunnel.
=650  24$aDynamic test.
=650  24$aWind loads.
=700  1\$aMolleti, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRoodvoets, D.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101055.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101057
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101057$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101057$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD515
=082  04$a543.086$223
=100  1\$aWirquin, E.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDevelopment of a Plane Isothermal Calorimeter :$bRelating Apparent Activation Energy of Concrete and the Corresponding Mortar /$cE. Wirquin, H. Kada, P. Herin.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b23
=520  3\$aThis article describes the development and application of a new plane isothermal calorimeter with reduced and adjustable thickness. This innovative calorimeter allows the study of highly reactive materials such as cement grouts or concrete containing quick-setting cements and to perform tests at high temperatures. The development of the new calorimeter consists first of optimizing the dimensions and the geometry of the device. To achieve this, a numerical model is used and tested through a series of experiments. The device is validated through calibration as well as repeatability and reproducibility tests. A potential application of the new calorimeter is then presented focusing primarily on comparing at different scales, i.e., on concrete and on Concrete Equivalent Mortar, the hydration kinetics and the apparent activation energy.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aThermal analysis$xPeriodicals.
=650  \0$aCalorimetry $xPeriodicals.
=650  \0$aThermal analysis.
=650  \0$aConcrete.
=650  \0$aTemperature.
=650  \0$aModeling.
=650  \0$aFluxmeter.
=650  \0$aHydration heat.
=650  14$aIsothermal calorimetry.
=650  24$aFluxmeter.
=650  24$aHydration heat.
=650  24$aTemperature.
=650  24$aModeling.
=650  24$aConcrete.
=650  24$aConcrete equivalent mortar.
=650  24$aApparent activation energy.
=700  1\$aKada, H.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHerin, P.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101057.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101061
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101061$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101061$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aNA2542.36
=082  04$a720.47$223
=100  1\$aClapham, M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDevelopment of a Canadian National Standard on Design for Disassembly and Adaptability for Buildings /$cM. Clapham, S. Foo, J. Quadir.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (5 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b7
=520  3\$aIn recent years, both the public concern on environmental issues and the interest and demand for sustainable buildings have been growing worldwide. Architects, engineers, building developers, and buildings owners are feeling pressure to design, construct, and maintain buildings that respect sustainability and the environment. In support of sustainable development initiatives of governments and the building industry, the Canadian Standards Association (CSA) has established a Technical Committee on Sustainable Buildings, which has been tasked to develop national standards to advance the design, construction, and maintenance of buildings in a sustainable manner. This paper first discusses the standards development environment in Canada and the standards development process in CSA and goes on to describe the development of a new standard on the design for disassembly and adaptability of buildings.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBuilding materials$xEnvironmental aspects.
=650  \0$aCity planning$xEnvironmental aspects.
=650  \0$aEcological houses.
=650  \0$aSustainable architecture.
=650  \0$aUrban ecology (Sociology)
=650  \0$aGreen building.
=650  \0$aRecycling.
=650  \0$aBuilding design.
=650  \0$aDeconstruction.
=650  \0$aBuilding materials.
=650  \0$aBuilding standards.
=650  \0$aConstruction debris.
=650  \0$aEnvironment.
=650  \0$aAdaptability.
=650  \0$aDisassembly.
=650  \0$aSustainability.
=650  14$aAdaptability.
=650  24$aBuilding design.
=650  24$aBuilding materials.
=650  24$aBuilding standards.
=650  24$aConstruction debris.
=650  24$aDeconstruction.
=650  24$aDisassembly.
=650  24$aEnvironment.
=650  24$aGreen building.
=650  24$aReuse.
=650  24$aRecycling.
=650  24$aSustainability.
=650  24$aSustainable buildings.
=700  1\$aFoo, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aQuadir, J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101061.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101062
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101062$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101062$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aNA2750
=082  04$a729$223
=100  1\$aConroy, Kevin,$eauthor.
=245  10$aStiffness Considerations in Dimension Stone Anchorage Design /$cKevin Conroy, Kurt R. Hoigard.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b4
=520  3\$aModern building facade design concepts consider all cladding materials, including dimension stone cladding, as nonstructural elements designed to transmit localized gravity and lateral loads to the primary building structural elements. In practice, the structural backup behind dimension stone cladding can take a wide variety of forms, including cast-in-place concrete shear walls, brick and concrete masonry units, aluminum curtain wall system framing, hot and cold rolled steel subframes, and precast concrete panels and members. The flexural stiffness of these backup systems can vary widely, with cast-in-place concrete shear walls on one end of the stiffness spectrum and aluminum curtain framing on the other. The stiffness of dimension stone cladding relative to the backup system can have a significant effect both on the stresses induced in the cladding and the loads transmitted through the cladding anchors. Likewise, the stiffness of the anchor elements and the backup system can affect the loading and stress distribution within the cladding panels. This paper addresses some of the issues associated with the interaction of dimension stone cladding panels, panel anchors, and metal backup structures, and the effects of relative stiffness on load and stress distributions. Information is presented that was obtained from laboratory tests and analyses for new designs, as well as investigations of dimension stone cladding failures.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aConstruction projects$xManagement.
=650  \0$aArchitectural design$xManagement.
=650  \0$aArchitectural design.
=650  \0$aCoade stone.
=650  \0$aDimension stone.
=650  \0$aCladding.
=650  \0$aDesign.
=650  \0$aAnchor.
=650  \0$aAnchorages.
=650  \0$aConnections.
=650  \0$aStiffness.
=650  14$aDimension stone.
=650  24$aCladding.
=650  24$aDesign.
=650  24$aAnchor.
=650  24$aAnchorages.
=650  24$aConnections.
=650  24$aStiffness.
=700  1\$aHoigard, Kurt R.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101062.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101065
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101065$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101065$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aLB2324
=082  04$a363.700711$223
=100  1\$aWright, Richard N.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPractice, Education and Research for Sustainable Infrastructure (PERSI) /$cRichard N. Wright.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b6
=520  3\$aPractice, Education and Research for Sustainable Infrastructure (PERSI) is an initiative of the U.S. infrastructure community. PERSI seeks to advance and incorporate concepts and knowledge of sustainability into the standards and practices used throughout the life cycle of infrastructure systems. PERSI will not itself produce standards and practices, but will help ASTM and its other member organizations address sustainability consistently in their practices and standards. PERSI’s immediate objectives are to assess current practices and standards and develop agendas for: 1. Implementation of best available practices; 2. Development of improved practices to exploit available knowledge; 3. Research to fill important gaps in knowledge; 4. Education of current and future infrastructure professionals and technicians. Proposed techniques for assessment of practices use whole life-cycle approaches to address environmental, economic, and social aspects of sustainability. These approaches have been widely used and standardized for assessments of environmental and economic sustainability of building materials and components. The scope of the assessment is broad in order to identify the most significant opportunities to improve the sustainability of infrastructure. The scopes of the agendas will be focused on these most significant opportunities.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aEnvironmental education.
=650  \0$aSustainable development.
=650  \0$aEnvironmental responsibility$xStudy and teaching.
=650  \0$aInfrastructure.
=650  \0$aPractice.
=650  \0$aSustainable.
=650  \0$aResearch.
=650  \0$aEducation.
=650  14$aEducation.
=650  24$aInfrastructure.
=650  24$aPractice.
=650  24$aResearch.
=650  24$aSustainable.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101065.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101068
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101068$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101068$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aHE5620.D7
=082  04$a363.1251$223
=100  1\$aSuvorovs, Terese,$eauthor.
=245  10$aStatistical Evaluation of Promoted Ignition Test Data /$cTerese Suvorovs, Nicholas R. Ward, Theodore A. Steinberg, Richard Wilson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b20
=520  3\$aThis paper presents an analysis of promoted ignition test data based on formal statistical techniques. Logistic regression is identified as an appropriate method for modeling binary burn–no-burn test data. Logistic regression is applied to the data sets from promoted ignition testing of two Hastelloy® alloys, C-276 and G-3, previously published by Zawierucha , ASTM STP 1111, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 1991, pp. 270–287. The logistic regression model is used to predict the burn probability over a range of pressures in the nonflammable and flammable domains, and was shown to fit the raw data well. Confidence intervals for the model are also determined, allowing the uncertainty associated with the predicted burn probabilities to be quantified. The relationship between the amount of test data available and confidence levels is discussed, and recommendations are made to improve the current standard test methodology. In particular, more repeated tests are required at all pressure levels considered, and tests are also required at pressures in the nonflammable domain (in addition to the flammable domain). It is shown that there is a low level of statistical confidence associated with the definition of threshold pressure under the current methodology. It is concluded that the use of the logistic regression model is beneficial since it allows for the quantification of burn probabilities and confidence levels, which enables the definition of threshold pressure to be related to a critical burn probability threshold.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aDrunk driving$xPrevention$xTechnological innovations$xCase studies.
=650  \0$aDrunk driving$xPrevention$xTechnological innovations$xEvaluation.
=650  \0$aAlcohol ignition interlock devices$xEvaluation.
=650  \0$aThreshold pressure.
=650  \0$aLogistic regression.
=650  \0$aPromoted-ignition.
=650  \0$aStatistics.
=650  14$aPromoted-ignition.
=650  24$aStatistics.
=650  24$aLogistic regression.
=650  24$aModel.
=650  24$aThreshold pressure.
=700  1\$aWard, Nicholas R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSteinberg, Theodore A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWilson, Richard,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101068.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101069
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101069$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101069$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aNA2542.36
=082  04$a720.47$223
=100  1\$aGang, Liu,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Review on Sustainability of National Building Standard Design in China /$cLiu Gang.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b8
=520  3\$aThere are more than 40 billion square metres of buildings in China and the number is forecasted to grow by 1.6∼1.9 billion square metres year over year by 2020. China has been facing serious energy and environmental challenges to address sustainable development. The National Building Standard Design (NBSD) is a set of standard drawings, compiled according to Chinese building standards and codes by the Ministry of Construction (MOC), including construction details, building components, selection and installation of equipment, etc. The NBSD has been tested by real projects and market feedback. It’s crucial to implement it to increase the efficiency of the construction process. The paper describes the historical development of NBSD and the contribution to sustainable development in China’s construction sector. The paper also introduces the effects and new trends of standard designs on sustainability in China.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBuilding materials$xEnvironmental aspects.
=650  \0$aCity planning$xEnvironmental aspects.
=650  \0$aEcological houses.
=650  \0$aSustainability.
=650  14$aSustainability.
=650  24$aNational Building Standard Design (NBSD)
=650  24$aChina.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101069.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101070
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101070$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101070$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTD794.5
=082  04$a745.2$223
=100  1\$aKelly, William E.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aIntroducing Standards and Sustainable Design /$cWilliam E. Kelly.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b53
=520  3\$aThe ABET Engineering Criteria require a capstone design project where students use “appropriate engineering standards.” One of the ABET design constraints that students must consider is “sustainability.” The new United States Standards Strategy has as one of its goals to “establish standards education as a high priority within the United States private, public and academic sectors.” The first Fundamental Canon of the ASCE Code of Ethics states in part that civil engineers “shall strive to comply with the principles of sustainable development in the performance of their professional duties.” ASTM E 2432-05 Standard Guide for General Principles of Sustainability Relative to Buildings provides a framework for organizing student design projects to accomplish multiple objectives. However, IEEE’s experience in introducing standards in senior design courses indicates that the senior year may be too late and that the introduction to standards should occur in the first or second year. The purpose of this paper is to outline strategies for including standards and sustainability in courses throughout curricula to build the experience, knowledge, and interest necessary to fulfill the ABET capstone requirements in a meaningful way.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSustainable architecture.
=650  \0$aDesign.
=650  \0$aAccreditation.
=650  \0$aEngineering education.
=650  \0$aStandards.
=650  \0$aSustainability.
=650  14$aAccreditation.
=650  24$aEngineering education.
=650  24$aStandards.
=650  24$aSustainability.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101070.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101072
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101072$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101072$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTD878
=082  04$a333.77/137$223
=100  1\$aWilson, Jane M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDevelopment of American National Standards for Sustainable Building Products /$cJane M. Wilson, Jaclyn M. Bowen.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b18
=520  3\$aNumerous interior furnishing products have been introduced into the market claiming a variety of environmental attributes. End users are requesting access to information other than marketing claims to help understand the environmental benefits of each product and to be able to compare products using a consistent basis of measurement. Developing responses to these requests is time-consuming and expensive for manufacturers. Having a consensus set of attributes that define and identify sustainable products in the form of American National Standards will assist both manufacturers and end users in communicating environmental and sustainability related product benefits. NSF International, an ANSI-accredited standards development organization, is working with stakeholders in the contract textile, carpet and rug, and resilient flooring sectors to initiate separate sustainability standardization efforts for these product categories. By working with multiple industries that affect the indoor environment, NSF intends to promote the sharing of best sustainability practices across standards committees, so that the standards are developed in a consistent and cohesive manner. Establishment of these standards will serve to directly support and inform the end user decision-making process for the evaluation of products in these categories with respect to identifying the desired sustainability performance for products to be utilized within specific indoor environments.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSustainable buildings.
=650  \0$aBuilding sites.
=650  \0$aBusiness furniture.
=650  \0$aOffice furniture.
=650  \0$aResilient flooring.
=650  \0$aTextiles.
=650  \0$aCarpet.
=650  \0$aSustainability.
=650  14$aSustainability.
=650  24$aSustainable building products.
=650  24$aCarpet.
=650  24$aTextiles.
=650  24$aResilient flooring.
=650  24$aOffice furniture.
=650  24$aBusiness furniture.
=700  1\$aBowen, Jaclyn M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101072.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101073
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101073$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101073$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA460
=082  04$a620.1/63$223
=100  1\$aGusev, M. N.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aApplication of Digital Marker Extensometry to Determine the True Stress-Strain Behavior of Irradiated Metals and Alloys /$cM. N. Gusev, O. P. Maksimkin, I. S. Osipov, F. A. Garner.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b22
=520  3\$aTo study the mechanisms of deformation hardening and flow localization of radioactive materials, a noncontact “digital marker extensometry” technique has been employed. It allows researchers to easily define plasticity parameters and true stresses in experiments where highly radioactive miniature specimens are used. The engineering and “true stress-true local strain” relationships of irradiated metal polycrystals during plastic flow and hardening have been investigated experimentally after irradiation in two reactors in Kazakhstan. The true curves were obtained for copper, nickel, iron, molybdenum, as well as for the Russian stainless steels 08Cr16Ni11Mo3 and 12Cr18Ni10Ti. Describing these curves using the equation σi =σ0 + kεi demonstrates that the concept of ultimate stress in highly irradiated materials is an artifact arising from flow localization and is not fully informative of the operating hardening mechanisms.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMetals$xTesting.
=650  \0$aStress-strain curves.
=650  \0$aFlow localization.
=650  \0$aNeutron irradiation.
=650  \0$aAlloys.
=650  \0$aMetals.
=650  \0$aTensile properties.
=650  \0$aExtensometry.
=650  14$aMetals.
=650  24$aAlloys.
=650  24$aNeutron irradiation.
=650  24$aExtensometry.
=650  24$aFlow localization.
=650  24$aTensile properties.
=700  1\$aMaksimkin, O. P.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aOsipov, I. S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGarner, F. A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101073.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101078
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101078$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101078$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aHC79.E5
=082  04$a174/.4$223
=100  1\$aLippiatt, Barbara C.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEvaluating Sustainability Using Standard Approaches :$b The BEES Tool /$cBarbara C. Lippiatt.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aIn support of the ASTM International, Symposium on Common Ground, Consensus Building and Continual Improvement, this paper describes the BEES (Building for Environmental and Economic Sustainability) software that integrates standard approaches for selecting cost-effective, environmentally-preferable building products. Version 4.0 of the Windows-based decision support software, aimed at designers, builders, and product manufacturers, includes actual environmental and economic performance data for over 230 building products across a range of functional applications. BEES measures the environmental performance of building products using the environmental life-cycle assessment approach specified in International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 14040 standards. All stages in the life of a product are analyzed: raw material acquisition, manufacture, transportation, installation, use, and waste management. Economic performance is measured using the ASTM International standard life-cycle cost method (E 917), which covers the costs of initial investment, replacement, operation, maintenance and repair, and disposal. Environmental and economic performance are combined into an overall performance measure using the ASTM standard for Multiattribute Decision Analysis (E 1765). For the entire BEES analysis, building products are defined and classified based on the ASTM standard classification for building elements known as UNIFORMAT II (E 1557)
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSustainable development.
=650  \0$aSustainability$xMeasurement.
=650  \0$aSustainability$xIndexes.
=650  \0$aSustainability$xMoral and ethical aspects.
=650  \0$aEvaluation.
=650  \0$aEconomic performance.
=650  \0$aLife-cycle costing.
=650  \0$aBuilding products.
=650  \0$aGreen buildings.
=650  \0$aLife cycle assessment.
=650  14$aBuilding products.
=650  24$aEconomic performance.
=650  24$aEnvironmental performance.
=650  24$aGreen buildings.
=650  24$aLife cycle assessment.
=650  24$aLife-cycle costing.
=650  24$aMultiattribute decision analysis.
=650  24$aSustainable development.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101078.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101079
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101079$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101079$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.74
=082  04$a620.11223$223
=100  1\$aMiyoshi, Kazuhisa,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSurface Characterization Techniques in Wear of Materials /$cKazuhisa Miyoshi, Kenichi Ishibashi, Manabu Suzuki.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aTo understand the benefits that tribological engineering materials or surface modifications provide, and ultimately to devise better ones, it is necessary to study the topographical, mechanical, physical, and chemical characteristics of surfaces. This paper reviews advanced surface analytical techniques for measuring surface topography and hardness of engineering surfaces. The primary emphases are on the use of these techniques as they relate to measurements of wear volume loss and nanohardness of materials using optical profilometry and nanoindentation in conjunction with atomic force microscopy, respectively.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMaterials$xDeterioration.
=650  \0$aCorrosion and anti-corrosives.
=650  \0$aProtective coatings.
=650  \0$aSurfaces (Technology)
=650  \0$aMechanical wear.
=650  \0$aNanohardness.
=650  \0$aLunar dust simulant.
=650  \0$aSurface topography.
=650  14$aNanohardness.
=650  24$aWear volume measurement.
=650  24$aLunar dust simulant.
=650  24$aInterference microscopy.
=650  24$aSurface topography.
=700  1\$aIshibashi, Kenichi,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSuzuki, Manabu,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101079.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101081
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101081$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101081$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH151
=082  04$a690$223
=100  1\$aFreeman, William H.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFloorScore—Flooring Products Certification Program for Indoor Air Quality /$cWilliam H. Freeman.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (5 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b10
=520  3\$aThe purpose of this paper is to provide information on the development of a volatile organic compound (VOC) emissions testing program for hard surface floor covering products. After providing historical information on the development of VOC emissions testing programs for interior finishes, the paper discusses the factors considered and steps taken by the Resilient Floor Covering Institute (RFCI) to design the FloorScore Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) Certification Program.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFlooring.
=650  \0$aBuilding.
=650  \0$aWood products.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101081.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101085
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101085$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101085$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTE716.L8
=082  04$a666.893$223
=100  1\$aStutzman, Paul,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPhase Analysis of Hydraulic Cements by X-Ray Powder Diffraction :$bPrecision, Bias, and Qualification /$cPaul Stutzman, Stefan Leigh.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b22
=520  3\$aEstimates of cement phase composition have traditionally been made using bulk chemical analysis and the Bogue calculations, developed over 75 years ago. X-ray powder diffraction analysis provides an alternative with direct phase determination, qualitatively and quantitatively. The Rietveld method to refine multi-phase X-ray powder diffraction patterns of cement uses a whole-pattern approach with determination of the best-fit set of calculated diffraction patterns based on crystal structure models. The pattern intensities calculated in the analysis are used to estimate relative phase abundances. To estimate precision and bias and to establish qualification criteria, an inter-laboratory study involving eleven laboratories was undertaken. Four cement reference specimens were prepared using NIST SRM clinkers compounded with known amounts of one or more of gypsum, bassanite, anhydrite, and calcite. Results of the study were used to estimate the inter- and intra-laboratory precision and bias of phase abundance determinations. The data were also used to establish criteria for qualification of a laboratory, using prediction intervals that reflect the collective performance characteristics of the participants. Results show an improvement in repeatability over previous cement inter-laboratory studies utilizing internal standard-based, peak area measurement methods.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSlag cement $xTesting.
=650  \0$aWaste products as road materials$zLouisiana$xTesting.
=650  \0$aGranulated slag.
=650  \0$aRietveld method.
=650  \0$aPrecision.
=650  \0$aQualification.
=650  \0$aClinker.
=650  \0$aCement.
=650  \0$aMineralogy.
=650  14$aBias.
=650  24$aCement.
=650  24$aClinker.
=650  24$aMineralogy.
=650  24$aPhase.
=650  24$aPrecision.
=650  24$aQuantitative analysis.
=650  24$aQualification.
=650  24$aRietveld method.
=650  24$aX-ray powder diffraction.
=700  1\$aLeigh, Stefan,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101085.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101087
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101087$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101087$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTE270
=082  04$a625.85$223
=100  1\$aAbbas, Abdelgadir,$eauthor.
=245  10$aProposed Method for Determining the Residual Mortar Content of Recycled Concrete Aggregates /$cAbdelgadir Abbas, Gholamreza Fathifazl, O. Burkan Isgor, A. G. Razaqpur, Benoit Fournier, Simon Foo.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aRecycling concrete from demolition of existing structures and using it as recycled concrete aggregates (RCAs) in structural-grade concrete have significant economic and environmental benefits. Currently, only a small portion of the concrete waste is reused in building construction, while most of it is used as either pavement base course or sent to landfills for disposal. The lack of confidence in the material properties of the concrete produced with RCAs is generally the main reason for its under-utilization in structural concrete. It has been demonstrated in the literature that the amount of residual mortar attached to the original (or “virgin”) aggregate particles is one of the factors affecting the material properties of RCAs. Therefore, before using RCAs in new concrete, it is crucial that the residual mortar content (RMC) is determined accurately; however, currently there is no standard procedure to determine this quantity. In this paper, an experimental method is proposed to determine the RMC of RCAs. The method comprises a combination of mechanical and chemical stresses that disintegrate the residual mortar and destroy the bond between the mortar and the natural aggregates. The mechanical stresses are created through subjecting RCA to freeze-and-thaw action, while the chemical degradation is achieved through exposure of the RCA to a sodium sulphate solution. The results of the proposed test procedure are validated by means of comprehensive image analysis. With the proposed approach, the attached residual mortar can be adequately removed, and the residual mortar content can be determined.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPavements, Asphalt$xRecycling$xTesting.
=650  \0$aAggregates (Building materials)$xTesting.
=650  \0$aWaste products as road materials$xTesting.
=650  \0$aRecycled materials.
=650  \0$aPerformance tests.
=650  \0$aPavement layers.
=650  \0$aAggregate tests.
=650  \0$aImage analysis.
=650  14$aRecycled concrete aggregate.
=650  24$aResidual mortar content.
=650  24$aImage analysis.
=700  1\$aFathifazl, Gholamreza,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBurkan Isgor, O.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRazaqpur, A. G.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFournier, Benoit,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFoo, Simon,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101087.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101088
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101088$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101088$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQA402.5
=082  04$a519.6$223
=100  1\$aPing, Yang,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDesign and Dynamic Practice of a Novel Fluid Vibration Isolator for Packaging Protection of Electronic Equipment /$cYang Ping.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aThe aim of this paper is to study a novel fluid-coupling vibration isolator to improve the dynamics in a harsh vibration-impact environment for packaging reinforcement systems of electronic equipment. The fluid-coupling isolator is designed through coupling the air, oil, rubber, and spring. The dynamic characteristics of the actual fluid-coupling isolator are developed. The test results of the prototype in dynamic tests show complex nonlinear dynamic characteristics. Based on this, a nonlinear dynamic model for the fluid-coupling isolator is presented. Comparisons with experimental data confirm the validity of the model. It builds a basis for future work in engineering design and evaluation of packaging protection system for electronic equipment.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aEngineering Fluid Dynamics.
=650  \0$aOptimization.
=650  \0$aPartial Differential Equations.
=650  \0$aVibration, Dynamical Systems, Control.
=650  \0$aMathematical model.
=650  \0$aNumerical simulation.
=650  \0$aDynamics.
=650  \0$aElectronic equipment.
=650  14$aPackaging reinforcement.
=650  24$aFluid coupling isolator.
=650  24$aDynamics.
=650  24$aMathematical model.
=650  24$aNumerical simulation.
=650  24$aElectronic equipment.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101088.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101090
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101090$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101090$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aD767.25.H6
=082  04$a940.54/25$223
=100  1\$aFerguson, P. D.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMesh Tally Radiation Damage Calculations and Application to the SNS Target System /$cP. D. Ferguson, F. X. Gallmeier, L. K. Mansur, M. S. Wechsler.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b6
=520  3\$aA new method for the calculation of radiation damage parameters in large geometries encompassing multiple materials using the MCNPX mesh tally has been developed. The method has been tested against previously published calculations of the displacement rate for protons and neutrons at the center of the SNS 316LN stainless steel target vessel nose. Displacement rates for neutrons, protons, and the total using the mesh tally method are shown to agree with previous work. The mesh tally method is also applied to the SNS aluminum moderator vessels and to the SNS inner reflector plug composed of aluminum, beryllium, and stainless steel. Results are given for displacement, helium, and silicon production rates.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aRadiation Effects.
=650  \0$aRadiation Injuries.
=650  \0$aHelium.
=650  \0$aMesh tally method.
=650  \0$aRadiation damage.
=650  \0$aHelium production.
=650  \0$aNeutron irradiation.
=650  \0$aProton irradiation.
=650  \0$aSilicon production.
=650  \0$aDisplacements.
=650  14$aDisplacements.
=650  24$aHelium production.
=650  24$aMCNPX.
=650  24$aMesh tally method.
=650  24$aNeutron irradiation.
=650  24$aProton irradiation.
=650  24$aRadiation damage.
=650  24$aSilicon production.
=650  24$aSNS.
=700  1\$aGallmeier, F. X.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMansur, L. K.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWechsler, M. S.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101090.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101091
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101091$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101091$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA460
=082  04$a669$223
=100  1\$aColeman, Christopher E.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMeasurement of Rates of Delayed Hydride Cracking (DHC) in Zr-2.5Nb Alloys—An IAEA Coordinated Research Project /$cChristopher E. Coleman, Victor V. Inozemtsev.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (19 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b40
=520  3\$aValues of DHC rates in Zr alloys are sensitive to measurement procedures. A standard method has been developed at the laboratories of AECL and evaluated in a round-robin involving ten IAEA member states. Two test materials were used—Zr-2.5Nb pressure tubes in the cold-worked (CANDU™) and heat-treated (RBMK) conditions. Cracks were grown from fatigued starter cracks in the axial direction on the axial-radial plane of the original tubes. To obtain the maximum value of Vc, specimens were heated to dissolve all their hydrogen, then cooled at 1 to 3°C/min to the test temperature before loading at 15 MPa√m. Although the start of cracking was detected by potential drop, the extent of cracking was measured directly on the crack faces. The values of incubation time to the start of cracking were highly variable but Vc was well behaved. The values of Vc were normally distributed with a range varying from a factor of 1.2 to 5.2. At 250°C the mean value of Vc from 80 specimens of cold-worked material was 8.9(±1.12)×10-8 m/s and from 41 specimens of heat-treated material the mean value of Vc was 3.3(±0.64)×10-8 m/s. Tests were also done at six other temperatures between 144 and 283°C, using up to 22 specimens at each temperature. Both materials had an Arrhenius-type temperature dependence, Vc= A exp(-Q/RT). The use of strictly defined and coordinated experimental procedures gave a consistent set of Vc values, allowing effective comparison of results obtained in different national laboratories and resulting in good correlations between the DHC velocity values and differences in strength, crystallographic texture, and distribution of β-phase in the test materials.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMetals$xCracking.
=650  \0$aMetals$xMicrostructure.
=650  \0$aStandard method.
=650  \0$aMicrostructure.
=650  \0$aTexture.
=650  \0$aStrength.
=650  14$aZr-2.5Nb.
=650  24$aDelayed hydride cracking.
=650  24$aStandard method.
=650  24$aStrength.
=650  24$aTexture.
=650  24$aMicrostructure.
=700  1\$aInozemtsev, Victor V.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101091.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101095
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101095$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101095$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH4860
=082  04$a690/.837$223
=100  1\$aTodd, Joel Ann,$eauthor.
=245  10$aContinuous Improvement of the U.S. Green Building Council’s Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED®) Rating System™ /$cJoel Ann Todd, John Boecker.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aThe U.S. Green Building Council’s (USGBC) Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) Rating System™ has had a significant impact on the market in the United States and is beginning to affect markets around the world. First launched in the late 1990s, LEED has undergone periodic revision, including updates as well as addition of new versions that address different markets and enhance technical quality of the credits. In 2006, the USGBC initiated a continuous improvement process that will result in a LEED system that is more technically robust and easier to use. This paper describes improvements that are underway using a proposed framework for analyzing green building rating systems. This framework encourages a broader and deeper analysis of rating systems, looking beyond the technical metrics to include the purpose and goals of the system, the context in which it is applied, the scope of the system, the metrics, and the processes used in its implementation.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aEcological houses.
=650  \0$aSustainable buildings$xDesign and construction.
=650  \0$aGreen technology.
=650  \0$aBuilding.
=650  \0$aRating system.
=650  \0$aSustainable design.
=650  \0$aGreen buildings.
=650  14$aSustainable design.
=650  24$aRating system.
=650  24$aGreen buildings.
=700  1\$aBoecker, John,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101095.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101096
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101096$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101096$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA439
=082  04$a620.1/363$223
=100  1\$aLaskar, Aminul Islam,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDesign of a New Rheometer for Concrete /$cAminul Islam Laskar, Sudip Talukdar.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b30
=520  3\$aA new concrete rheometer has been presented including its concept, actual design, working principle, calibration, and repeatability. Resistance offered by vertical wall of cylindrical container to concrete has been taken into consideration to represent actual flow condition of concrete during shearing. An expression for total shear stress has been derived whereby shear stress versus torque and overall shear strain rate versus rotational frequency relationships have been established for the given geometry of the rheometer. A magneto-rheological fluid has been tested with the present rheometer and the results have been compared with the test results obtained by HAAKE RS1 rheometer to validate the present analytical approach. Repeatability tests were conducted with different concrete mixes and results were found to be reasonable.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aConcrete$xPlastic properties.
=650  \0$aConcrete$xViscosity.
=650  \0$aYield stress.
=650  \0$aPlastic viscosity.
=650  \0$aRheology.
=650  14$aRheology.
=650  24$aYield stress.
=650  24$aPlastic viscosity.
=650  24$aHigh performance concrete.
=700  1\$aTalukdar, Sudip,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101096.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101101
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101101$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101101$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aNA2542.36
=082  04$a720.47$223
=100  1\$aTrinius, Wolfram,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSustainability in Building Construction—International Standards in Progress /$cWolfram Trinius, Christer Sjöström.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b15
=520  3\$aThe development of ISO 15392 on general principles of sustainability in building construction took more time than expected. The most significant reason for this was the need to identify a common basis for the conceptual content of the document. With this basis now being identified, the work has taken up momentum and the general principles document presents principles to be considered when addressing the thematic field of sustainable development in relation to building and civil engineering. A key problem to be tackled in international standardization is finding the balance between the necessary level of detail to actually provide something to the user of the standard, and at the same time not to be too specific in order to allow different nations and their specific perspectives to still agree to the standard. While the challenge of sustainable development is global, the strategies for addressing sustainability in building construction are local and differ in context and content from region to region. Such strategies will reflect the context not only in the building environment, but also very much the social environment. This social environment includes cultural issues, legislation and regulation, as well as the needs and concerns of all the users and interested parties involved. Applying the concept of sustainability to specific buildings or other construction works includes a holistic approach, bringing together the global concerns and goals of sustainable development and the demands and requirements in terms of product functionality, efficiency, and economy. Different target audiences will have a different perspective on these challenges and the preferred solutions. The standards must hence put the topic onto a common playing field, still allowing different perspectives to be applied and priorities to be set, as well as recognizing that many aspects of sustainable development lie without the possible content of international technical standardization. ISO 15392 is related to and set into the context of other international standards and widely applied concepts, such as the performance-based building concept and the ISO 15686 series. This paper illustrates the set of related international standards and discusses the modular application. We want to discuss key factors needing consideration in order to bring the set of standards to successful application.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBuilding materials$xEnvironmental aspects.
=650  \0$aCity planning$xEnvironmental aspects.
=650  \0$aEcological houses.
=650  \0$aSustainability.
=650  \0$aModularity.
=650  14$aSustainability in building construction.
=650  24$aPerformance-based building.
=650  24$aModularity.
=700  1\$aSjöström, Christer,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101101.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101102
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101102$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101102$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aNA2750
=082  04$a729$223
=100  1\$aLammert, Brian T.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMaterial Strength Considerations in Dimension Stone Anchorage Design /$cBrian T. Lammert, Kurt R. Hoigard.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (19 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b6
=520  3\$aOne of the most important aspects of designing dimension stone cladding involves determining the configuration, size, and spacing of the anchorages that will affix the stone panels to the underlying building substrate. Information from many sources, including material strength testing, anchorage strength testing, and knowledge of the stress states created within stone cladding panels by loaded anchorages, is crucial to this process. In this paper, relationships are examined between material strength, anchorage strength, and induced stress states for four common anchorage configurations: edge dowels, Type 31 back anchors, and edge kerfs with strap and split-tail anchors. For each of these four anchor types, the relevant material and anchorage strength test data obtained for a medium-grained granite, in conjunction with finite element computer analyses of the stress states induced in the stone panels by the anchors and within the material strength test specimens, are presented. Material strength test configurations evaluated include ASTM C 880 Standard Test Method for Flexural Strength of Dimension Stone, ASTM C 99 Standard Test Method for Modulus of Rupture of Dimension Stone, and a proposed test for punching shear currently under consideration by ASTM Subcommittee C18.01. All anchorage strength tests were performed in accordance with ASTM C 1354 Standard Test Method for Strength of Individual Stone Anchorages in Dimension Stone.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aConstruction projects$xManagement.
=650  \0$aArchitectural design$xManagement.
=650  \0$aArchitectural design.
=650  \0$aDimension stone.
=650  \0$aCladding.
=650  \0$aTesting.
=650  \0$aDesign.
=650  \0$aAnchor.
=650  \0$aAnchorages.
=650  \0$aConnections.
=650  14$aDimension stone.
=650  24$aCladding.
=650  24$aDesign.
=650  24$aAnchor.
=650  24$aAnchorages.
=650  24$aConnections.
=650  24$aTesting.
=700  1\$aHoigard, Kurt R.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101102.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101104
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101104$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101104$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.38
=082  04$a620.1126$223
=100  1\$aKim, S. W.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffects of Surface Morphology and Distributed Inclusions on the Low Cycle Fatigue Behavior of Miniaturized Specimens of F82H steel /$cS. W. Kim, H. Tanigawa, T. Hirose, A. Kohyama.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aDepending on the pulse lengths, the operating conditions, and the thermal conductivity, oscillating temperature gradients will cause elastic and elastic-plastic cyclic deformation giving rise to (creep) fatigue in the structural first wall and blanket components of a nuclear fusion reactor. Small specimen testing technology (SSTT) and related remote control testing techniques are indispensable for the effective use of the limited volumes of materials test reactor and proposed intense neutron sources for the fusion materials test. In order to perform an accurate fatigue lifetime assessment using small specimens, the effects of material factors (surface morphology, inclusion, etc.) on low cycle fatigue (LCF) is mandatory. In this work, the LCF properties of reduced activation ferritic/martensitic steel (F82H IEA heat) were examined for three kinds of surface morphology using miniaturized hourglass-type fatigue specimens (SF-1), and a correlation between LCF crack initiation/propagation and distribution of inclusions was found. Fracture surfaces and crack initiation sites were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM)
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMaterials$xFatigue$xTesting.
=650  \0$aStrains and stresses$xTesting.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aMaterials.
=650  \0$aFerritic/martensitic.
=650  \0$aF0300 fatigue.
=650  \0$aLow activation.
=650  14$aF0300 fatigue.
=650  24$aS1000 steels.
=650  24$aFerritic/martensitic.
=650  24$aLow activation.
=650  24$aS1300 surface effects.
=700  1\$aTanigawa, H.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHirose, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKohyama, A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101104.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101105
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
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=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101105$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101105$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA473
=082  04$a621.48/3$223
=100  1\$aRogozyanov, A. Ya.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aBehavior and Mechanisms of Irradiation—Thermal Creep of Cladding Tubes Made of Zirconium Alloys /$cA. Ya. Rogozyanov, G. P. Kobylyansky, A. A. Nuzhdov.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aThe objective of this work was to study the irradiation-thermal creep behavior of cladding tubes made of two Russian zirconium alloys: the widely used E110 (Zr-1Nb) alloy and the advanced E635 (Zr-1Nb-1.2Sn-0.35Fe); and to demonstrate the advantages of E365 claddings for VVER fuel rod application with respect to fuel pellet-cladding gap at high burnups. For this purpose, a creep test concept and an analysis methodology were developed. Creep tests using cladding tubes made from both alloys were carried out. The test results along with published data allowed development of predictive models of irradiation-thermal creep for the cladding tubes of both alloys. The models describe strain processes in non-irradiated claddings and in claddings under and after irradiation. The models benchmark well to dimensional changes in VVER fuel rods. The models show the fuel pellet-cladding gap to disappear at higher burnup values if E635 is used for VVER cladding as opposed to the E110 alloy.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMetal cladding.
=650  \0$aNuclear pressure vessels$xMaterials.
=650  \0$aSteel, Structural$xFracture.
=650  \0$aWelded joints$xTesting.
=650  \0$aCladding tube.
=650  \0$aLoad type.
=650  \0$aCreep model.
=650  \0$aReactor irradiation.
=650  \0$aZirconium alloy.
=650  14$aZirconium alloy.
=650  24$aCladding tube.
=650  24$aReactor irradiation.
=650  24$aLoad type.
=650  24$aIrradiation-thermal creep.
=650  24$aCreep model.
=650  24$aThe VVER fuel rods.
=700  1\$aKobylyansky, G. P.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNuzhdov, A. A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101105.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101106
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101106$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101106$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN689.2
=082  04$a669.95$223
=100  1\$aHutchinson, Bevis,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Study of the Structure and Chemistry in Zircaloy-2 and the Resulting Oxide After High Temperature Corrosion /$cBevis Hutchinson, Börje Lehtinen, Magnus Limbäck, Mats Dahlbäck.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
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=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b23
=520  3\$aA plate of Zircaloy-2 received in the β-quenched condition was heat treated to vary systematically the size of the second phase particles (SPPs) and the content of alloying elements retained in solid solution. Scanning electron microscopy and thermoelectric power measurements were used to quantify these microstructural parameters. Specimens were exposed for different periods of time in autoclaves at 415°C and at 500°C in steam, and corrosion was assessed according to the gain in weight. Effects of the microstructure were not great but it was observed that materials having larger SPPs were somewhat more resistant to oxidation in the 415°C tests whereas those with smaller SPPs performed better at 500°C. Influences on corrosion rates that could be attributed to alloy elements in solid solution were small or perhaps nonexistent. The chemistry of oxide layers formed at 500°C has been examined by etching away the zirconium metal and then depth-profiling using sputtered neutral mass spectroscopy. There was some difference in surface topography between the materials with smaller and larger SPPs. The compositional profiles showed that the oxide was substantially under-stoichiometric below the surface in all cases, with O/Zr ratios reaching unity or even less, and extending to depths between 150 nm and 400 nm from the metal oxide interface. These results are discussed in terms of their implication for existence of a diffusional barrier layer and for the stress states that can be expected within the oxide.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMicrostructure$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aCorrosion and anti-corrosives.
=650  \0$aMetallography.
=650  \0$aMicrostructure.
=650  \0$aCorrosion.
=650  \0$aStoichiometry.
=650  14$aZircaloy-2.
=650  24$aMicrostructure.
=650  24$aCorrosion.
=650  24$aOxide.
=650  24$aStoichiometry.
=700  1\$aLehtinen, Börje,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLimbäck, Magnus,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDahlbäck, Mats,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101106.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101110
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101110$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101110$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQE391.Z7
=082  04$a333.82$223
=100  1\$aAlam, Adil M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCladding Tube Deformation Test for Stress Reorientation of Hydrides /$cAdil M. Alam, Christian Hellwig.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b22
=520  3\$aThe phenomenon of stress reorientation of hydrides in fuel cladding tubes was studied with the help of a test technique named as the “cladding tube deformation test” (CTDT). Unirradiated Zircaloy-2 (Zry-2) cladding tube specimens charged with 250 ppm of hydrogen were tested. The test consisted of heating specimens to 400°C and then cooling them down to room temperature at cooling rates of 0.7°C/min and 2°C/min. During the cooling phase, a constant tensile load was applied to specimens with the help of two inner cylinder halves. The stress-strain fields developed in the tube specimen were calculated with the help of the finite element method (FEM). Post-testing metallographic observations revealed considerable amount of hydrides oriented radially as a result of loading. Lengths and relative position of all hydride bands were determined through a semi-automatic image processing technique. Mapping of FEM calculated stress field on the metallographic section helped to determine a stress threshold value of 72 MPa. Tests performed with a cooling rate 2°C/min showed a considerably lower extent of hydride reorientation. The above test technique was validated by performing internal pressurization tests using pre-hydrided Zry-2 cladding tubes. The external diameter of the tube was tapered by fine turning in order to exert different uniform hoop stress values on different cross sections of the tube. Internal pressurization tests were performed with a maximum temperature of 400°C and a cooling rate of 0.5°C/min. Post-testing metallographic observations on several cross sections of the specimen revealed a stress reorientation threshold of 65 MPa. Percentage of radially oriented hydrides as well as their lengths increased with the stress level until it reached a plateau. Further tests were carried out with the CTDT technique on specimens with H2 content ranging from 560 ppm to 750 ppm. These results revealed a reorientation stress threshold of around 120 MPa for higher hydrogen content.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMetal cladding.
=650  \0$aStress corrosion.
=650  \0$aCladding.
=650  \0$aFuel.
=650  \0$aReorientation.
=650  \0$aHydrides.
=650  14$aZircaloy-2.
=650  24$aHydrides.
=650  24$aReorientation.
=650  24$aFuel.
=650  24$aCladding.
=700  1\$aHellwig, Christian,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101110.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101111
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101111$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101111$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA660.T34
=082  04$a681/.76041$223
=100  1\$aColeman, Christopher,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMechanical Properties of Zr-2.5Nb Pressure Tubes Made from Electrolytic Powder /$cChristopher Coleman, Malcolm Griffiths, Viatcheslav Grigoriev, Vladimir Kiseliov, Boris Rodchenkov, Vladimir Markelov.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (23 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b49
=520  3\$aPressure tubes in CANDUCANada Deuterium Uranium (CANDU) is a registered trademark of Atomic Energy of Canada Limited and RBMK reactors are fabricated from Zr-2.5Nb alloy. This paper describes the mechanical properties of tubes used in power reactors made by four routes using electrolytic powder as the base material. The microstructures developed by each route are distinct: CW: cold-worked material consists of flattened α-Zr grains surrounded by a skin of β-Zr phase; used in CANDU 6 reactors. CW-A: material that was cold-worked and annealed at 540°C contains elongated α-Zr grains mixed with equiaxed α-Zr grains and particles of β-Nb phase; used in all RBMK 1000 reactors. TMT-1: material quenched from the (α+β)-Zr phase into water follow by cold-working consists of α′-phase and between 10 and 20 % of untransformed α-phase; used in RBMK 1500, Ignalina 1. TMT-2: material quenched from the (α+β)-phase into argon-helium gas mixture followed by cold-working consists of Widmanstätten α-phase and untransformed α-phase. This material is used in RBMK 1500, Ignalina 2. The CW and TMT-2 tubes have a higher proportion of grains with basal plane normals in the transverse direction, FT of 0.52 to 0.57, than in the radial direction, FR of 0.38, while quenched and annealed materials (TMT-1 and CW-A) have similar values of FT and FR, about 0.38 in quenched materials and 0.41 in annealed materials. Transverse tensile strength, crack growth resistance, dJ/da, and axial crack velocity, VH, of delayed hydride cracking (DHC) were evaluated, using standard techniques, between 250 and 300°C on as-fabricated materials. In-reactor creep deformation was evaluated from measurements of tube diameter in RBMK 1000s, RBMK 1500s and two CANDU 6 power reactors. Strength and crack growth resistance were measured on TMT-1 and TMT-2 tubes removed from Ignalina NPP Units 1 and 2 after 12–17 years of in-reactor service. As-received cold-worked material had the highest strength; the annealed material had the lowest strength while the quenched materials had intermediate strength. Irradiation increased the strength by about 200 MPa in all four materials. Although DHC is sensitive to texture and the distribution of the β-Zr phase, the dominating factor controlling crack velocity appears to be material strength: with an increase of strength by a factor of about two, VH increased by a factor of 30. Since harmful trace elements were well controlled during manufacturing, other factors affecting crack growth resistance could be assessed. Again, strength appeared important; dJ/da declined approximately linearly with increase in strength induced by irradiation, decreasing from about 350 to 100 MPa as the strength increased from about 250 to 850 MPa. The exception was TMT-2 material where crack growth resistance was maintained after irradiation. TMT-2 material also had good diametral creep resistance in-reactor, attributed to both its texture and grain structure. The other three materials had similar creep resistance controlled mostly by their texture.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFinite element method.
=650  \0$aPressure vessels$xDesign and construction.
=650  \0$aProcess control.
=650  \0$aStrains and stresses.
=650  \0$aStrength of materials.
=650  \0$aAnnealed.
=650  \0$aCold-worked.
=650  \0$aHeat-treated.
=650  \0$aMicrostructure.
=650  \0$aTexture.
=650  \0$aStrength.
=650  \0$aFracture properties.
=650  14$aZr-2.5Nb.
=650  24$aCold-worked.
=650  24$aAnnealed.
=650  24$aHeat-treated.
=650  24$aMicrostructure.
=650  24$aTexture.
=650  24$aStrength.
=650  24$aFracture properties.
=650  24$aIn-reactor deformation.
=700  1\$aGriffiths, Malcolm,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGrigoriev, Viatcheslav,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKiseliov, Vladimir,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRodchenkov, Boris,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMarkelov, Vladimir,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101111.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101115
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101115$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101115$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK9207.5
=082  04$a621.48335$223
=100  1\$aKobylyansky, G. P.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aIrradiation-Induced Growth and Microstructure of Recrystallized, Cold Worked and Quenched Zircaloy-2, NSF, and E635 Alloys /$cG. P. Kobylyansky, A. E. Novoselov, Z. E. Ostrovsky, A. V. Obukhov, V. Yu. Shishin, V. N. Shishov, A. V. Nikulina, M. M. Peregud, S. T. Mahmood, D. W. White, Y-P. Lin, M. A. Dubecky.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (19 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b20
=520  3\$aThis paper is devoted to the study of the effect of the texture, phase composition, and microstructure on the irradiation-induced growth strain (GS) of zirconium-based alloys. GS measurements and TEM microstructural examinations were performed on Zry-2, NSF, and E635 samples in the recrystallized, beta quenched and cold-worked (CW) conditions. The samples were irradiated in the BOR-60 reactor in the temperature range of 315–325°C up to a neutron fluence level of 1.1 ×1026 n/m2 (E>1 MeV), i.e., up to a damage dose of 23 dpa. Growth strains of NSF and E635 alloys in all states and in the longitudinal and transverse directions are lower as compared to those of Zry-2, and do not exceed 0.2 % even at the maximum fluence level. As for recrystallized Zry-2, the GS kinetics are characterized by the appearance of the accelerated growth stage. A combination of a certain amount of Nb, Fe, and Sn in the matrix content plays a key role in GS kinetics. The higher the degree of CW, the higher the irradiation growth but its rate of increase with increasing fluence is different for alloys of different compositions. The maximum GS, reaching 0.72 %, is observed in the 20 % CW Zry-2 samples. Texture, along with the alloy composition, is one of the main GS-determining factors. Irradiation growth of the transversal samples is lower as compared to the longitudinal ones because of texture. As for quenched alloys, the texture is practically isotropic and GS values are low, independent of the alloy composition. In CW materials, the density of <c>- dislocations greatly affects the irradiation growth strain. Particles of Zr(Fe,Cr)2 and Zr2(Fe,Ni) phases in Zry-2 as well as Zr(Nb,Fe)2 in NSF and E635 are depleted in iron under irradiation. The Fe goes into the matrix and modifies its properties. The HCP lattice structure in the Laves phases in NSF and E635 changes into BCC (β-Nb-type). FCC (Zr,Nb)2Fe precipitates preserve on the whole their composition and structure; no amorphization of the Nb-containing precipitates is observed. The Zr2(Fe,Ni) precipitates with a BCT lattice remain crystalline, and HCP Zr(Cr,Fe)2 precipitates undergo amorphization. The average particle size in the irradiated alloys is larger and the concentration is a little lower as compared to the unirradiated ones. Irradiation-induced fine dispersed precipitates about 3 nm in size, probably enriched in niobium, appear in NSF and E635. The observed changes of microhardness are discussed from the viewpoint of generation of radiation defects (clusters, dislocation loops), evolution of the initial dislocation structure, and matrix composition (enrichment in Fe, Cr, and, probably, Nb)
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aZirconium alloys$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aNuclear fuel claddings.
=650  \0$aMicrostructure.
=650  \0$aMicrohardness.
=650  \0$aZirconium alloys.
=650  14$aZirconium alloys.
=650  24$aIrradiation-induced growth.
=650  24$aMicrostructure.
=650  24$aMicrohardness.
=650  24$aRadiation damages and phase composition.
=700  1\$aNovoselov, A. E.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aOstrovsky, Z. E.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aObukhov, A. V.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aShishin, V. Yu.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aShishov, V. N.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNikulina, A. V.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPeregud, M. M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMahmood, S. T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWhite, D. W.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLin, Y-P.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDubecky, M. A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101115.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101116
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101116$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101116$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.22
=082  04$a620.11233$223
=100  1\$aBrachet, J.-C.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aHydrogen Content, Preoxidation, and Cooling Scenario Effects on Post-Quench Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Zircaloy-4 and M5® Alloys in LOCA Conditions /$cJ.-C. Brachet, V. Vandenberghe-Maillot, L. Portier, D. Gilbon, A. Lesbros, N. Waeckel, J.-P. Mardon.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (28 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b23
=520  3\$aPrevious papers pointed out the influence of long-term service exposures on the thermal-mechanical behavior of Zr alloys in LOCA conditions and, especially, the impact of in-service hydrogen pick-up on post-quench mechanical properties. Moreover, the oxide layer grown under in-service conditions was occasionally expected to have a protective effect against high temperature oxidation. Finally, the oxygen and hydrogen distributions within the prior-β layer appear as a key parameter with regard to the residual ductility of the alloy, especially as a function of the cooling scenario. The objective of the study presented here was to further investigate the influence of these parameters on the post-quench mechanical properties. Unirradiated Zircaloy-4 and M5® cladding tubes were consequently hydrided up to different concentration levels, then oxidized at high temperature (1000–1200°C) up to at least 10 % measured equivalent cladding reacted (ECR) and directly quenched to room temperature (RT). Ring compression tests (RCT), 3-point bending tests (3PBT) at RT and 135°C, as well as impact tests at RT were then performed to determine the evolution of the post-quench mechanical properties of Zircaloy-4 and M5® alloys with H content. Similarly, specimens preoxidized out-of-pile were also submitted to high temperature oxidation and direct quench, as well as to post-quench ring compression tests. Along with calculations of oxygen diffusion in the metal, results from those tests allowed us to estimate the assumed protective effect of the pretransient oxide layer. Finally, using specimens in the as-received condition or hydrided to typical end-of-life H contents, the effect of temperature history after oxidation at 1200°C was studied, i.e., at the end of the high temperature isothermal oxidation, samples were either submitted to direct quenching to RT or to slow cooling to different final quenching temperatures. It was thus demonstrated that the cooling scenario has a significant impact on the post-quench mechanical properties. All test samples were investigated by means of fractographic examinations to assess the type of failure mode. Moreover, a deep metallurgical analysis has been performed: SEM and image analysis were used for accurate phase thickness measurements, nuclear and electron microprobes for quantitative mapping of hydrogen and oxygen. It proved that the oxygen and hydrogen contents and their distribution in the prior-β layer have a first-order influence on the residual ductility. From all the results obtained on as-received and hydrided samples directly quenched from the oxidation temperature, it was then possible to derive a relationship between structural parameters, i.e., oxygen and hydrogen contents and thickness of the prior-β layer, and the post-quench impact properties at RT.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBrittleness.
=650  \0$aFracture mechanics.
=650  \0$aMaterials at high temperatures.
=650  \0$aMaterials$xCreep.
=650  \0$aHydrogen effect.
=650  14$aHydrogen effect.
=650  24$aLOCA.
=650  24$aHigh temperature oxidation.
=650  24$aPost-quench mechanical properties.
=650  24$aPrior-β microstructure.
=650  24$aDuctile-to-brittle transition.
=700  1\$aVandenberghe-Maillot, V.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPortier, L.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGilbon, D.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLesbros, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWaeckel, N.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMardon, J.-P.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101116.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101117
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101117$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101117$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA480.Z65
=082  04$a620.189$223
=100  1\$aHarada, Makoto,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Effect of Hydrogen on the Transition Behavior of the Corrosion Rate of Zirconium Alloys /$cMakoto Harada, Ryuji Wakamatsu.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (17 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b19
=520  3\$aThree zirconium alloys (Zry-4, Zry-2, and NDA) were corrosion tested at 633 K in pure water and in mixed gas of Ar and oxygen. In both environments, their corrosion rate showed cyclic changes. The time and the weight gain at the transition point changed with their corrosion resistance. In the pure water corrosion test, one test cycle was 600 h, and the cumulative total test duration was as much as 7200 h. After each test cycle, the weight changes and the hydrogen contents were analyzed. The hydrogen pick-up ratio was calculated for each test cycle based on the weight change and the increase of the hydrogen content. The calculated hydrogen pick-up ratios were not constant. They showed periodic changes. In the pre-transition region, the corrosion rate showed a gradual decrease; however, the calculated hydrogen pick-up rate gradually increased. After the transition, in contrast to the increase in the corrosion rate, the calculated hydrogen pick-up rate decreased. The changes of the corrosion rate and the calculated hydrogen pick-up rate for the test interval exhibited an inverse relationship. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning TEM, energy dispersive x-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, and electron diffraction (ED) pattern analysis of the oxide/metal interface showed the existence of an interface layer that consists of distorted ZrO2 and a sub-oxide. Before the transition, the interface layer was clearly observed. On the other hand, the interface layer disappeared after the transition. The cyclic changes in the corrosion rate were closely related to the interface barrier layer at the oxide/metal interface. The interface layer suppresses the corrosion rate, and the degradation of its barrier property increases the corrosion rate. By comparing the morphology of the oxide/metal interface between the water corrosion samples and the mixed gas oxidation samples, it can be seen that the generated hydrogen in the oxide may have two opposite effects. One is to stabilize the interface layer and to suppress the transport of the oxygen ion, and the other is to degrade the interface layer at the transition and accelerate the generation of the uniform oxide. The effect of the chemical composition on the properties of the oxide-metal interface and the mechanism of the corrosion transition will be discussed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aZirconium alloys$xCorrosion$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aMétaux.
=650  \0$aZirconium.
=650  \0$aSub-oxide.
=650  \0$aCorrosion.
=650  \0$aTransition.
=650  \0$aHydrogen pick-up.
=650  \0$aBarrier layer.
=650  \0$aInterface layer.
=650  \0$aZirconium alloys.
=650  14$aZirconium alloys.
=650  24$aCorrosion.
=650  24$aTransition.
=650  24$aHydrogen pick-up.
=650  24$aSub-oxide.
=650  24$aBarrier layer.
=650  24$aInterface layer.
=700  1\$aWakamatsu, Ryuji,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101117.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101118
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101118$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101118$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA480.Z65
=082  04$a621.48$223
=100  1\$aRibis, Joël,$eauthor.
=245  10$aExperimental and Modeling Approach of Irradiation Defects Recovery in Zirconium Alloys :$bImpact of an Applied Stress /$cJoël Ribis, Fabien Onimus, Jean-Luc Béchade, Sylvie Doriot, Chantal Cappelaere, Clément Lemaignan, Alain Barbu, Olivier Rabouille.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (21 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b39
=520  3\$aDuring neutron irradiation, both interstitial and vacancy loops are formed in high concentration in zirconium alloys. Due to this high density of loops, the material is considerably hardened, but the recovery of the radiation damage during a heat treatment leads to a progressive softening of the irradiated material. The recovery of the radiation induced hardening has been investigated using microhardness tests. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations performed on irradiated foils have also shown that the loop density falls while the loop size increases during the thermal annealing. Furthermore, the TEM analysis has revealed that only vacancy loops are present in the material after long term annealing, the interstitial loops having entirely disappeared. A numerical cluster dynamic modeling has also been used in order to reproduce the material recovery for various annealing conditions. The microstructural evolution during mechanical testing with various loading conditions has also been studied. It has been shown that during a creep test with low applied stress (130 MPa) and high temperature (450°C), the microstructure evolution can essentially be explained by the thermal recovery of the loops leading to glide of dislocations as found for an non-irradiated material. At intermediate temperature (400°C), it is shown that for low stress level (130 MPa) the microstructure evolution can also be explained by the thermal recovery of loops, whereas for higher stress (250 MPa), sweeping of loops by gliding dislocations can also occur. In addition, for an applied stress of 130 MPa and a temperature of 400°C, dislocation density is higher in the irradiated material than in the non-irradiated material deformed in the same conditions. It is also shown that secondary slip systems are more activated in the irradiated material than in the non-irradiated material. From this detailed analysis, the mechanical behavior during creep is interpreted in terms of microscopic deformation mechanisms.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aZirconium alloys$xInclusions$xTesting.
=650  \0$aAnnealing of metals.
=650  \0$aAnnealing.
=650  \0$aDislocation loops.
=650  \0$aMicrohardness.
=650  \0$aZirconium alloys.
=650  14$aZirconium alloys.
=650  24$aDislocation loops.
=650  24$aAnnealing.
=650  24$aTEM.
=650  24$aMicrohardness.
=650  24$aCreep.
=700  1\$aOnimus, Fabien,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBéchade, Jean-Luc,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDoriot, Sylvie,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aCappelaere, Chantal,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLemaignan, Clément,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBarbu, Alain,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRabouille, Olivier,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101118.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101119
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101119$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101119$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK9207.5
=082  04$a621.48335$223
=100  1\$aStern, Anthony,$eauthor.
=245  10$aInvestigations of the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Prior-β Structure as a Function of the Oxygen Content in Two Zirconium Alloys /$cAnthony Stern, Jean-Christophe Brachet, Valérie Maillot, Didier Hamon, Françoise Barcelo, Sylvie Poissonnet, André Pineau, Jean-Paul Mardon, Anne Lesbros.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (20 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b27
=520  3\$aIt is now well acknowledged that, after a prototypical loss of coolant accident (LOCA) transient, the resultant mechanical properties of fuel cladding tubes depend strongly on the oxygen content of the residual prior-β layer, as this phase is the only metallic part of the high-temperature oxidized cladding that may show some residual ductility. The aim of this study is to obtain relevant information on the evolution of the mechanical properties, on the one hand, of the prior-β structure as a function of the oxygen content, assuming that there is a critical oxygen content that leads to a ductile-to-brittle failure mode transition at low testing temperatures (20–135°C); and on the other hand, of the α(O) structure as a function of the oxygen content. Sheets of Zircaloy-4, 1 to 3 mm thick, and M5®M5® is a registered trademark of AREVA-NP. advanced alloys from AREVA NP have been studied. To obtain different oxygen contents, they were oxidized at high temperature and then annealed under vacuum in order to reduce the oxide layer. Systematic post-treatment measurements of the oxygen concentration and of its homogeneity within the sheet thickness were performed. The different prior-β and α(O) structures thus obtained have homogeneous oxygen content between ∼0.14 wt. % and 0.9 wt. % and ∼2 wt. % and 7 wt. %, respectively. Such oxygen concentration ranges cover the solubility values that are expected in the β phase and in the α(O) phase at high temperatures typical of LOCA transients. Detailed microstructure investigations were subsequently performed on the prior-β structures since it is considered to be the most important layer when regarding the post-quench mechanical behavior of the material. Continuous cooling temperature (CCT) phase diagrams as a function of the oxygen content were established to correctly interpret the results. Electron backscattered diffraction (EBSD) analysis has then allowed the crystallographic orientations and the morphology of prior-β phase sub-grains to be determined. For each considered prior-β grain, it was possible to interpret the data by taking into account the “Bürgers” crystallographic relationship between the parent β phase and the resultant α phase. Complementary electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) was also used. These last experiments have shown a spatial fluctuation of the oxygen content within the microstructure that depends both on the nominal oxygen content and on the cooling rate. Nanohardness measurements were also performed and correlated with this oxygen spatial partition. These measurements proved to be useful for the understanding of the tensile macroscopic mechanical behavior. Finally, on the one hand, tensile tests were performed on prior-β phase at testing temperatures ranging from −100°C up to 260°C. The ductile-to-brittle temperature transition and the mechanical constitutive laws as a function of the oxygen content were then described. These tests show the existence of a ductile-to-brittle failure mode transition at 20°C for a critical oxygen concentration of ∼0.5 wt. %. A detailed fractographic analysis was performed to assess the failure mechanism. On the other hand, four-point bending tests were conducted on α(O) phase at 25°C and 135°C in order to obtain behavior laws. Preliminary finite element calculations were performed to simulate ring compression tests carried out on multi-layered high-temperature oxidized cladding tubes.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aZirconium alloys$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aMicrostructure.
=650  \0$aNuclear fuel claddings.
=650  \0$aLow-tin Zircaloy-4.
=650  \0$aElement partitioning.
=650  \0$aPhase transformation.
=650  \0$aMultilayered samples.
=650  \0$aZirconium alloys.
=650  14$aZirconium alloys.
=650  24$aLow-tin Zircaloy-4.
=650  24$aHigh temperature oxidation.
=650  24$aPost-quench ductility.
=650  24$aLOCA.
=650  24$aMultilayered samples.
=650  24$aPhase transformation.
=650  24$aElement partitioning.
=700  1\$aBrachet, Jean-Christophe,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMaillot, Valérie,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHamon, Didier,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBarcelo, Françoise,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPoissonnet, Sylvie,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPineau, André,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMardon, Jean-Paul,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLesbros, Anne,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101119.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101120
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101120$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101120$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD921
=082  04$a620.1/1299$223
=100  1\$aKim, Young S.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aRole of Twinning and Slip in Deformation of a Zr-2.5Nb Tube /$cYoung S. Kim.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b29
=520  3\$aTensile tests were conducted from RT to 400°C on tensile specimens taken from the tangential direction (TD) and the longitudinal direction (LD) of a Zr-2.5Nb tube with a strong tangential texture. When tensile stresses were applied to the TD with the tensile axis normal to the basal plane, {101¯2} twinning was activated. With the tensile stresses applied to the LD, however, <a> slip only was activated. The activation of twinning and slip in the TD and the LD, respectively, caused the tensile properties of the Zr-2.5Nb tube to become anisotropic, leading to higher yield and tensile strengths, and lower uniform and tensile elongations in the TD when compared to those in the LD. Furthermore, twinning promoted softening soon after yielding only in the TD, and localized deformation, while the <a> slip on the prism plane caused a larger strain hardening after yielding. With increasing temperature, the primary deformation mode changed from twinning to <c+a> slip in the TD and <a> slip to <c+a> slip in the LD, resulting in negative temperature dependences for the extent of strain hardening and tensile elongation of the Zr-2.5Nb tube in both directions. The yield stress plateau is discussed in view of the activation of twinning or <c+a> slip with a higher critical resolved shear stress that is strongly temperature dependent.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aTwinning (Crystallography)
=650  \0$aHochleistungswerkstoff.
=650  \0$aIntrakristalline Deformation.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101120.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101121
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101121$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101121$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA480.Z65
=082  04$a620.189$223
=100  1\$aZhou, B. X.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffect of Water Chemistry and Composition on Microstructural Evolution of Oxide on Zr Alloys /$cB. X. Zhou, Q. Li, M. Y. Yao, W. Q. Liu, Y. L. Chu.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (21 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b31
=520  3\$aThe microstructure of oxide films formed on Zircaloy-4 and Alloy No. 3, which has a composition similar to ZIRLO™, was investigated by high resolution transmission and scanning electron microscopy, and by scanning probe microscopy after corrosion tests performed at 360°C/18.6 MPa in deionized water or lithiated water with 0.01 M LiOH. The microstructural evolution of the oxide films was analyzed by comparing the microstructure at different depths in the oxide layer. The defects, consisting of vacancies and interstitials, such as points, lines, planes, and volumes, were produced during the oxide growth. Monoclinic, tetragonal, cubic, and amorphous phases were detected and their coherent relationships were identified. The characteristic of oxide with such microstructure had an internal cause, and the temperature and time were the external causes that induced the microstructural evolution during the corrosion process. The diffusion, annihilation, and condensation of vacancies and interstitials under the action of stress, temperature, and time caused stress relaxation and phase transformation. It was observed, in the middle of the oxide layer, that the vacancies absorbed by grain boundaries formed pores to weaken the bonding strength between grains. Pores formed under compressive stress lined up along the direction parallel to the compressive stress. Thus, cracks developed from the pores were parallel to the oxide/metal interface. Li+ and OH− incorporated in oxide films were adsorbed on the wall of pores or entered into vacancies to reduce the surface free energy of the zirconium oxide during exposure in lithiated water. As a result, the diffusion of vacancies and the formation of pores were enhanced, inducing the degradation of the corrosion resistance. The relationship between the corrosion resistance of zirconium alloys and the microstructural evolution of oxide films affected by water chemistry and composition is also discussed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aZirconium alloys$xCorrosion$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aMétaux.
=650  \0$aZirconium.
=650  \0$aCorrosion.
=650  \0$aCorrosion resistance.
=650  \0$aOxide films.
=650  \0$aZirconium alloys.
=650  \0$aTransmission electron microscopy.
=650  14$aZirconium alloys.
=650  24$aCorrosion resistance.
=650  24$aOxide films.
=650  24$aMicrostructural evolution.
=650  24$aTransmission electron microscopy.
=650  24$aScanning electron microscopy.
=650  24$aScanning probe microscopy.
=700  1\$aLi, Q.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aYao, M. Y.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLiu, W. Q.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aChu, Y. L.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101121.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101122
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101122$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101122$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA480.Z65
=082  04$a620.1/89352$223
=100  1\$aToffolon-Masclet, C.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aContribution of Thermodynamic Calculations to Metallurgical Studies of Multi-Component Zirconium Based Alloys /$cC. Toffolon-Masclet, J. C. Brachet, C. Servant, J. M. Joubert, P. Barberis, N. Dupin, P. Zeller.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (21 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b19
=520  3\$aThe Zircobase thermodynamic database for zirconium alloys coupled with Thermo-Calc software represents a powerful tool for prediction of thermodynamic and metallurgical data such as activities, formation enthalpies, phase transformation temperatures, solubility limits, existence temperature range, and chemical compositions of second phase precipitates. This database was built up with binary and ternary descriptions assessed according to the CALPHAD methodology. It is sometimes necessary to take into account new systems, but also new versions of binary descriptions as recently experienced. For example, the two binary systems Zr-Fe and Zr-Sn had to be updated in order to fit new experimental results believed to be more accurate than previously available.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aZirconium alloys$xHydrogen content.
=650  \0$aZirconium alloys$xFracture.
=650  \0$aNuclear reactors$xMaterials.
=650  \0$aThermo-calc.
=650  \0$aZircobase.
=650  14$aZircobase.
=650  24$aZr-Sn.
=650  24$aZr-Nb-Fe.
=650  24$aZr(Nb,Fe)2 intermetallic phase.
=650  24$a(Zr,Nb)4Fe2 intermetallic phase.
=650  24$aZr-Fe-Cr.
=650  24$aZr-Fe-Ni.
=650  24$aThermo-calc.
=700  1\$aBrachet, J. C.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aServant, C.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aJoubert, J. M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBarberis, P.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDupin, N.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aZeller, P.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101122.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101123
=003  IN-ChSCO
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=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
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=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101123$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101123$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA480.Z65
=082  04$a620.189$223
=100  1\$aForsberg, S.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aStudies of Corrosion of Cladding Materials in Simulated BWR Environment using Impedance Measurements /$cS. Forsberg, E. Ahlberg, M. Limbäck.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (22 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b29
=520  3\$aIn the present work, the corrosion of three Zircaloy-2 cladding materials have been studied in-situ in an autoclave using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Measurements were conducted in simulated boiling water reactor environment at temperatures up to 288°C, both in the pre-transition and the post-transition stage. In addition, impedance measurements were performed at room temperature on samples previously exposed to irradiation. This work clearly demonstrates that impedance spectroscopy can be used for in-situ studies of the corrosion of Zircaloy cladding materials in the pre-transition region at high temperatures. Oxide thickness, oxide conductivity, and effective donor density were successfully evaluated from the impedance data. Less information has been able to be gained from the impedance measurements in the post-transition region compared to the measurements in the pre-transition region. However, the thickness of the inner oxide layer, oxide conductivity, and oxide porosity were successfully evaluated from the impedance data. The measurements on irradiated samples of the same materials as investigated in autoclaves indicate that irradiation introduces defects in the oxide structure, resulting in a higher number of charge carriers and a more inhomogeneous oxide than produced under autoclave exposure.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aZirconium alloys$xCorrosion$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aMétaux.
=650  \0$aZirconium.
=650  \0$aOxide growth.
=650  \0$aCorrosion.
=650  \0$aZircaloy.
=650  14$aZircaloy.
=650  24$aBWR.
=650  24$aCorrosion.
=650  24$aOxide growth.
=650  24$aImpedance spectroscopy.
=700  1\$aAhlberg, E.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLimbäck, M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101123.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101124
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101124$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101124$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA409
=082  04$a333.82$223
=100  1\$aBarberis, P.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCASTA DIVA® :$bExperiments and Modeling of Oxide-Induced Deformation in Nuclear Components /$cP. Barberis, V. Rebeyrolle, J. J. Vermoyal, V. Chabretou, J. P. Vassault.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (19 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b20
=520  3\$aIn-pile deformation of nuclear structural components remains a major preoccupation for fuel vendors and utilities, especially when introducing new alloys or extending burn-ups. The usual invoked causes of such deformations are free growth, hydriding (hydrides induce a volume expansion which translates into deformation), irradiation creep if the component is subjected to external loads (e.g., axial load for the fuel assembly), and flux gradients (for fuel channel bow). In this paper we show through out-of-pile experiments (autoclave corrosion and low temperature air oxidation) and in-pile data analysis that the oxide layer significantly contributes to the deformation. A model (CASTA DIVA®) taking into account all the above mentioned phenomena has been derived and correctly predicts the deformation behavior, the stresses in the oxide layer, as well as the external cracking of the oxide. The relative impacts of hydriding and stresses in the metal are computed. A comparison between Zircaloy-4 and M5® is made, showing the better behavior of M5.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFracture mechanics.
=650  \0$aPlastic deformation.
=650  \0$aNuclear pressure vessels$x Materials.
=700  1\$aRebeyrolle, V.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aVermoyal, J. J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aChabretou, V.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aVassault, J. P.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101124.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101125
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101125$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101125$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA480.Z65
=082  04$a620.1/89352$223
=100  1\$aElbachiri, Kamal,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCharacterization of Local Strain Distribution in Zircaloy-4 and M5® Alloys /$cKamal Elbachiri, Pascal Doumalin, Jérôme Crépin, Michel Bornert, Pierre Barberis, Véronique Rebeyrolle, Thierry Bretheau.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aZirconium alloys with low alloying content are mainly used in the nuclear industry as structural materials because of their superior properties in terms of neutron transparency, mechanical strength, and corrosion resistance. In order to further improve the corrosion resistance as well as the integrity of Zr based cladding tubes under severe thermomechanical loading, the M5® alloy was developed to replace stress-relieved Zircaloy-4. An experimental study conducted at the macroscopic scale between 20 and 500°C shows that the mechanical behavior of the studied Zr based alloys depends on the metallurgical state (stress-relieved or recrystallized) rather than on the chemical composition. To try to understand these mechanical differences, an experimental multiscale investigation was devised at ambient temperature (20°C) in order to characterize the strain distribution at the scale of the grains and at that of the representative volume element. Local strain fields were measured by means of a microscale digital image correlation technique, based on microgrid deposits and scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). Tensile tests were performed inside the SEM chamber. Here, the original method of strain distribution quantification based on statistical strain field analysis is used. First, this analysis reveals a particular strain distribution consisting of bands with an orientation greater that 45° with regards to the direction of macroscopic tension, and second, shows that these interaction lengths are much greater than the average size of the grains, which clearly demonstrates that local investigations cannot be limited to a few grains. Therefore, the macroscopic mechanical response of these materials is not only governed by intragranular heterogeneities but by the local deformations which become organized between the grains in a pattern of bands at a mesoscale, which is determined by medium to long-range interactions. The difference of values in the band characteristics could partly explain the anisotropic global behavior of these materials linked with their microstructure.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aZirconium alloys$xHydrogen content.
=650  \0$aZirconium alloys$xFracture.
=650  \0$aNuclear reactors$xMaterials.
=650  \0$aInteraction distance.
=650  \0$aPlastic behavior.
=650  \0$aZirconium alloys.
=650  14$aZirconium alloys.
=650  24$aPlastic behavior.
=650  24$aMicroscopic full-field measurements.
=650  24$aInteraction distance.
=700  1\$aDoumalin, Pascal,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aCrépin, Jérôme,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBornert, Michel,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBarberis, Pierre,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRebeyrolle, Véronique,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBretheau, Thierry,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101125.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101126
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101126$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101126$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA480.Z65
=082  04$a621.48/332$223
=100  1\$aBickel, G. A.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aManufacturing Variability, Microstructure, and Deformation of Zr-2.5Nb Pressure Tubes /$cG. A. Bickel, M. Griffiths.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b10
=520  3\$aThe time-dependent deformation behavior of pressure tubes in CANDU™ (CANada Deuterium Uranium) reactors is an important property that has to be predicted for reactor life management. Measurements accumulated over many years have shown that there is considerable variability in deformation rates between different tubes. The deformation behavior not only varies from tube to tube but also varies along the length of each tube; this axial variation in itself is unique to each tube. The deformation behavior is determined by the microstructure and this is a function of the manufacturing history. An exhaustive study has been conducted to collect and compile deformation and manufacturing data for tubes in many different reactors. The manufacturing data have been analyzed with respect to the measured in-reactor performance of the pressure tubes. Data from pressure tubes fabricated over a 30-year period have been analyzed. During this time the manufacturing parameters have evolved to improve the workability and mechanical properties and also reduce tube-to-tube variability. The effect of manufacturing variables on in-reactor performance has been assessed for tubes that have been in service for many years and approaching the end of their design life. The analysis shows that the two most important factors that affect the deformation behavior of pressure tubes are the material source (ingot) and the extrusion conditions. These are related by the microstructure (texture, grain size, and dislocation density) to the deformation. The results of the statistical analyses will be presented and discussed in terms of the manufacturing conditions that bring about specific microstructures.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aNuclear reactors$xMaterials$xCreep.
=650  \0$aZirconium alloys$xCreep.
=650  \0$aZirconium.
=650  \0$aDeformation.
=650  \0$aIrradiation creep.
=650  14$aZirconium.
=650  24$aCrystallographic texture.
=650  24$aβ-quenching.
=650  24$aIrradiation creep.
=650  24$aDeformation.
=700  1\$aGriffiths, M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101126.htm

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=001  JAI101127
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=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101127$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101127$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA480.Z65
=082  04$a620.189$223
=100  1\$aShishov, V. N.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aStructure-Phase State, Corrosion and Irradiation Properties of Zr-Nb-Fe-Sn System Alloys /$cV. N. Shishov, M. M. Peregud, A. V. Nikulina, V. F. Kon’kov, V. V. Novikov, V. A. Markelov, T. N. Khokhunova, G. P. Kobylyansky, A. E. Novoselov, Z. E. Ostrovsky, A. V. Obukhov.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (18 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b18
=520  3\$aIn the search for more optimal core materials for a water cooled reactor at extended burnup, much attention is paid to alloys of the Zr-Nb and Zr-Nb-Fe-Sn systems. E110 and E635 alloys are two such. In the current VVER fuel cycle, the E110 alloy is used as fuel cladding and in SG components. The E635 alloy is under development as a fuel cladding and for fuel assembly structural elements for water cooled reactors of the VVER and RBMK types. E110, while having a unique corrosion resistance in pressurized water reactors, is subject to noticeable disadvantages in terms of corrosion resistance under conditions of boiling and higher coolant oxygen contents as well as in deformation stability under stresses and irradiation. Currently, the E635 alloy has passed the most important steps of qualification and is being introduced into cores as a material for guide thimbles, central tubes, and stiff frame angles in VVER-1000 FAA and FA-2. Properties of alloys are governed by their compositions and microstructure and even small changes in composition (Nb, Fe, Sn) and processing (heating in the α or the α+β regions) lead to substantial changes in properties as a result of changes in second phase precipitates and matrix composition. ATEM was used to study structure—phase states of a series of alloys Zr-(0.6–1.2) Nb-(0–0.6) Fe-(0–1.5) Sn (% weight), to determine the microstructural characteristics of recrystallized cladding tubes and the temperature stability regions of β-Nb, β-Zr, Zr(Nb,Fe)2, and (Zr,Nb)2Fe second phase precipitates. An increase in the relative content of iron R=Fe/(Fe+Nb) results in a larger volume fraction of (Zr,Nb)2 Fe precipitates. β-Nb and Zr(Nb,Fe)2 particles are completely dissolved at ⩽750°C, the (Zr,Nb)2Fe phase at ⩽800°C. Autoclave corrosion tests revealed that the corrosion resistance of the materials depends on alloy composition. The content of tin lowered down to 0.8 % reduces weight gains in water, water containing Li, and particularly in steam. The content of Nb reduced to 0.6 % results in lower weight gains in water and steam and higher weight gains in Li containing water. The optimal content of iron in Zr-Nb-Fe-Sn alloys for corrosion resistance depends on the R ratio and makes up 0.2–0.4 %. Tests of samples produced from tubes of the above alloys and irradiated in BOR-60 at 315–345°C show that alloying Zr-Nb alloys with iron and tin improves their resistance to irradiation growth and creep. Sn and a higher Fe content in solid solution effected by transfer of Fe from the Laves phase precipitates to the matrix under irradiation strengthens the alloys. The influence of irradiation on phase compositions was established using irradiated samples (gas filled and unstressed) of cladding tubes: β-Nb (85-90 % Nb) precipitates become depleted in niobium (or enriched in zirconium) to 50-60 % Nb and finely dispersed irradiation induced second particles (IIPs) enriched in niobium are formed. The Laves phase becomes depleted in iron and alters its crystal structure from hcp to bcc of the β-Nb type. The fcc (Zr,Nb)2Fe precipitates retain on the whole their composition and structure, but the peripheries of particles reveal structural features, possibly related to niobium redistribution. No amorphization of any of the precipitates was identified. Alloy composition and applied stress under irradiation influence density and distribution of dislocation loops and IIP precipitates. Proceeding from results of out-of-pile and from post-irradiation examinations of the structure and properties of E110 and E635 type cladding tubes, compositions of alloys having improved corrosion and irradiation resistances are proposed. E110 type (Zr-1Nb-0.1Fe-0.1O) alloy features enhanced strength characteristics as a result of iron transfer from Laves phase precipitates to the matrix under irradiation, lower irradiation induced growth strain, and irradiation-thermal creep. An E635 type alloy (tin and niobium content lowered down to <0.8 %) has a higher corrosion resistance and comparable creep and growth resistance as compared to the standard E635 alloy.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aZirconium alloys$xCorrosion$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aMétaux.
=650  \0$aZirconium.
=650  \0$aCorrosion.
=650  \0$aMicrostructure.
=650  \0$aIrradiation growth.
=650  \0$aDislocations.
=650  \0$aPhase compositions.
=650  \0$aZirconium alloys.
=650  14$aZirconium alloys.
=650  24$aIrradiation growth.
=650  24$aMicrostructure.
=650  24$aPhase.
=650  24$aDislocations.
=650  24$aIrradiation-induced damage.
=650  24$aPhase compositions.
=700  1\$aPeregud, M. M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNikulina, A. V.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKon’kov, V. F.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNovikov, V. V.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMarkelov, V. A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKhokhunova, T. N.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKobylyansky, G. P.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNovoselov, A. E.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aOstrovsky, Z. E.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aObukhov, A. V.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101127.htm

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=001  JAI101129
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=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101129$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101129$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aT7.5
=082  04$a620.11$223
=100  1\$aPark, Jeong-Yong,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCorrosion and Oxide Properties of HANA Alloys /$cJeong-Yong Park, Byung-Kwon Choi, Seung Jo Yoo, Yong Hwan Jeong.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b30
=520  3\$aThe corrosion behavior of HANA alloys has been investigated at 360°C in a pure water autoclave as well as in a pressurized water reactor (PWR)-simulating loop. The grain morphology and the incorporated precipitates of the oxide were characterized to elucidate the corrosion mechanism of HANA alloys. HANA alloys showed a much lower corrosion rate when compared to Zircaloy-4 in the investigated corrosion environments with HANA-6 (Zr-1.1Nb-0.05Cu), revealing a lower corrosion rate than HANA-4 (Zr-1.5Nb-0.4Sn-0.2Fe-0.1Cr). The corrosion rate was increased with an increase of the final annealing temperature of the alloys and the dissolved oxygen content in the corrosion environment. The oxide grain morphology of the HANA alloys was changed periodically from equiaxed grains to columnar ones during its growth to form a layered structure of the oxide. The change of the oxide grain morphology correlated well with the transition of the corrosion kinetics. It was revealed that the fully developed layer was thicker and the columnar grain size was larger in the protective oxide with a lower corrosion rate. The precipitates of HANA alloys were more finely distributed and oxidized more slowly in the oxide when compared to those of Zircaloy-4. Such oxidation characteristics of the precipitates along with the reduction of the Sn content were considered to be more favorable for growing an oxide to a greater thickness before transition and increasing the columnar grain size of the oxide, thereby improving the corrosion resistance of HANA alloys.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aZirconium Compounds.
=650  \0$aZirconium Oxides.
=650  \0$aOxides.
=650  \0$aElectricity.
=650  \0$aMicrostructure.
=650  \0$aPrecipitate.
=650  \0$aCorrosion.
=650  \0$aZirconium alloys.
=650  14$aZirconium alloys.
=650  24$aCorrosion.
=650  24$aOxide.
=650  24$aMicrostructure.
=650  24$aPrecipitate.
=700  1\$aChoi, Byung-Kwon,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aJo Yoo, Seung,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHwan Jeong, Yong,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101129.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101131
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=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101131$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101131$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aCA1AE596A11666
=082  04$a621.48$223
=100  1\$aAnghel, Clara,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffects of Pt Surface Coverage on Oxidation of Zr and Other Materials /$cClara Anghel, Gunnar Hultquist, Magnus Limbäck, Peter Szakalos.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b50
=520  3\$aCertain elements, including noble metals, are identified to influence corrosion behavior of many metals in high-temperature water/steam and O2. We have previously reported effects of porous Pt coatings on the thermal oxidation of Zr, Fe, Ni, Cr, and GaAs in O2. Effects of Pt on oxidation of Zircaloy-2 in H2O have also been observed at temperatures near 400°C. An enhanced oxidation rate is observed in all of the studied systems upon a sufficiently high surface Pt-particle density. Even more interesting, low Pt-particle density in most cases leads to a decreased oxidation rate. In the case of Zr and Zircaloy-2 the beneficial effect of Pt is stronger when hydrogen is present in the metal substrate and in the oxide layer. From 18O/SIMS experiments it is concluded that, for a sufficiently high Pt-particle density on the surface, enhanced transport of dissociated oxygen, On− (n=0; 2), towards the oxide/metal interface occurs in all of the studied systems. An oxygen spillover from Pt particles to the adjacent surface is a known phenomenon in catalysis and partly explains the results observed also in the current study of oxidation of Zr-based materials. Such a spillover involves a high surface diffusivity of dissociated oxygen, On−, which results in an increased gradient of On− across the oxide scale. In turn, the high oxygen gradient enhances the transport of oxygen towards the substrate/oxide-interface. This shows that not only diffusivity but also an effective activity of dissociated oxygen at the external oxide surface influences the oxidation rate. Naturally, the effects of Pt are maximized when small (nm-sized) and evenly distributed Pt particles are present on the surface. In our presentation a summary of obtained results of Pt additions on different materials will be given with suggested interpretations. Especially, the observed beneficial combination of Pt and hydrogen in the oxidation of Zr-based materials is discussed with a possible mechanistic explanation. Parallels are also drawn to the potential effect of Noble Metal Chemical Application (NMCA), used in a large fraction of the U.S. BWRs, on the corrosion resistance of Zr-based claddings.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aZirconium alloys $xOxidation.
=650  \0$aOxidation.
=650  \0$aZirconium alloys.
=650  \0$aOxide growth.
=650  \0$aSpillover.
=650  14$aPt particle coverage.
=650  24$aZircaloy-2.
=650  24$aOxide growth.
=650  24$aSpillover.
=650  24$aNoble Metal Chemical Application (NMCA)
=700  1\$aHultquist, Gunnar,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLimbäck, Magnus,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSzakalos, Peter,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101131.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101132
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=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101132$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101132$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTS283
=082  04$a660/.283$223
=100  1\$aKapoor, K.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aTearing Crack Growth and Fracture Micro-Mechanisms Under Micro Segregation in Zr-2.5%Nb Pressure Tube Material /$cK. Kapoor, N. Saibaba, B. P. Kashyap, A. V. Ramana Rao.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (18 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b24
=520  3\$aIn the case of Zr-2.5%Nb pressure tube material, certain tramp elements (Cl, P, and C) have a deleterious effect on the fracture properties. In order to dramatically reduce the amount of these impurities, vacuum arc re-melting is adopted. The effect of the melting practice (double or quadruple) on the fracture properties of this material has been previously studied in detail. However, in these studies, the micro-mechanisms of fracture and the role of the trace impurities on crack initiation and propagation in the sub-critical regime were not investigated in detail. In the present study, the mechanisms operating during the three stages of crack growth, i.e., initiation, propagation and fracture, in the case of low toughness double melted material, are proposed based on a detailed study. In our observation, the tramp elements segregate in the form of fine stringers. In the regions away from the segregation, the material is found to be very ductile with the appearance of ligaments with high local plastic deformation before fracture. The presence of such ligaments on the fracture surface is an indication of fracture occurring in a transition zone (ductile to brittle). In the case of the failure in this transition region, both cleavage and ductile mechanisms can occur in the same specimen. In the transition region, near the upper shelf region, the initiation of the crack occurs by cleavage at a local discontinuity, but the toughness increases rapidly and crack propagation occurs in ductile manner by formation of microvoids. The crack front propagates finding the local discontinuities, leaving behind the unbroken regions with high toughness (ligaments). As the crack propagation continues and the crack face opens, the ligaments left well behind the crack tip rupture after the crack front moves further. The electron micro-beam analysis and X-ray mapping show a build-up of Cl concentration at the stringer sites. In the present analysis, the fracture behavior of double and quadruple melted Zr-2.5%Nb material is compared using a “tearing instability” criterion. Using this approach, an attempt is made to assess the enhanced safety margins, in terms of critical crack length, achieved by modification in the melting practice. First, an estimate from the small specimen J-R data was obtained. However, to obtain a realistic estimate for fracture under burst condition an appropriate scaling factor was applied.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFracture mechanics.
=650  \0$aPressure vessels$xCracking.
=650  \0$aJ-R curve.
=650  \0$aPressure tube.
=650  \0$aSegregation.
=650  \0$aFracture toughness.
=650  \0$aTearing instability.
=650  14$aFracture toughness.
=650  24$aJ-R curve.
=650  24$aTearing instability.
=650  24$aSegregation.
=650  24$aZr-2.5%Nb.
=650  24$aPressure tube.
=700  1\$aSaibaba, N.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKashyap, B. P.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRamana Rao, A. V.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101132.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101133
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101133$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101133$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK9006
=082  04$a621.48/3$223
=100  1\$aGriffiths, M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffect of Irradiation Damage on the Deformation Properties of Zr-2.5Nb Pressure Tubes /$cM. Griffiths, N. Wang, A. Buyers, S. A. Donohue.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aThe diametral expansion, elongation, and sag rates of Zr-2.5Nb pressure tubes in CANDU® (CANada Deuterium Uranium) nuclear reactors are important properties that limit their useful life and the maximum power level for reactor operation. As a result irradiation creep models are needed to predict the deformation behavior of the core components over the reactor life. It is important to know the creep behavior as a function of neutron flux in order to develop creep models over the range of operating conditions in the reactor core. At the edge of the reactor core, the neutron flux is decreasing very rapidly and there is a complex transition in creep behavior from irradiation-dominated creep to thermal-dominated creep. Also, mechanical properties such as tensile strength, fracture toughness, and delayed hydride-cracking are changing in the transition from thermal to irradiation conditions at the edge of the reactor core.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aRadiation dosimetry$xMeasurement.
=650  \0$aNuclear pressure vessels$xInspection.
=650  \0$aRadiation damage.
=650  \0$aInterstitial.
=650  \0$aThermal.
=650  \0$aZirconium.
=650  \0$aDeformation.
=650  \0$aIrradiation.
=650  \0$aStrain.
=650  \0$aDislocation loops.
=650  \0$aPoint defects.
=650  \0$aFast neutron flux.
=650  \0$aVacancy.
=650  14$aZirconium.
=650  24$aIrradiation.
=650  24$aThermal.
=650  24$aCreep.
=650  24$aDeformation.
=650  24$aStrain.
=650  24$aFast neutron flux.
=650  24$aRadiation damage.
=650  24$aPoint defects.
=650  24$aVacancy.
=650  24$aInterstitial.
=650  24$aDislocation loops.
=650  24$aClimb.
=700  1\$aWang, N.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBuyers, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDonohue, S. A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101133.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101134
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101134$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101134$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQH541.15.I5
=082  04$a628.5$223
=100  1\$aArzhakova, Valentine,$eauthor.
=245  10$aInvestigation of Structural and Chemical Uniformity of Zr2.5% Nb and E635 Alloy by Radioactive Indicators /$cValentine Arzhakova, Alexander Shikov, Alexander Kabanov, Vladimir Belov, Mikhail Shtutsa, Alexander Ziganshin, Valeriy Kurapov, Liya Kurapova.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references.
=520  3\$aThe performance and structure of final nuclear zirconium alloy components is formed at all processing steps, from ingot melting and subsequent forging, quenching, pilgering, and heat treatment. The subject of this investigation was the structure of zirconium alloy ingots made by double melting in a vacuum arc furnace, and investigated by the use of radioactive indicators (RAIs). The isotopes that were used were W185 and C14, which were added in very small quantities to the charge before melting the ingot. The RAI isotopes decorate the ingot structure, and provide an opportunity to investigate the behavior of impurity levels during solidification of the molten pool, and the structure in the various types of solidification zones within the ingot. The forged material and other products were investigated using the C14 isotope. Carbon distribution data were obtained for both Zr2.5Nb and for E635 structures on both macroscopic and microscopic levels. The structures and phases in which the carbon isotope was concentrated were discovered.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aIndicators (Biology)
=650  \0$aPollution.
=650  \0$aRadioactive pollution.
=700  1\$aShikov, Alexander,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKabanov, Alexander,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBelov, Vladimir,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aShtutsa, Mikhail,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aZiganshin, Alexander,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKurapov, Valeriy,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKurapova, Liya,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101134.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101135
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101135$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101135$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN693.Z5
=082  04$a620.1/8935$223
=100  1\$aWei, X.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDeformation Anisotropy of Annealed Zircaloy-2 as a Function of Fast Neutron Fluence /$cX. Wei, J. R. Theaker, M. Griffiths.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b24
=520  3\$aFor unirradiated Zircaloys, plastic deformation occurs mostly by ⟨a⟩-type dislocation glide on prismatic planes. The critical resolved shear stress of the prismatic slip system is lower than that of the other deformation systems (⟨a⟩ slip on basal planes, and ⟨a⟩ or ⟨c+a⟩ slip on pyramidal planes, and twinning). This means that the yield strength (and ultimate tensile strength) for directions with a strong basal pole texture is higher than directions with a strong prism pole texture. Irradiation increases the yield stress on all slip planes due to the formation of dislocation loops that act as barriers to slip. Experimental evidence from Zircaloy-2 samples irradiated at 70°C suggests that the increase in critical resolved yield stress due to irradiation is lower for basal compared with prism planes.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aZirconium$xTexture.
=650  \0$aZirconium alloys$xTexture.
=650  \0$aDeformations (Mechanics)
=650  \0$aRadiation damage.
=650  \0$aChanneling.
=650  \0$aYielding.
=650  \0$aZirconium.
=650  \0$aIrradiation.
=650  \0$aDislocations.
=650  \0$aTensile tests.
=650  \0$aAnisotropy.
=650  14$aZirconium.
=650  24$aIrradiation.
=650  24$aRadiation damage.
=650  24$aDislocations.
=650  24$aAnisotropy.
=650  24$aTensile tests.
=650  24$aYielding.
=650  24$aChanneling.
=700  1\$aTheaker, J. R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGriffiths, M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101135.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101140
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101140$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101140$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTL521.3
=082  04$a629.1$223
=100  1\$aYagnik, S. K.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aRound-Robin Testing of Fracture Toughness Characteristics of Thin-Walled Tubing /$cS. K. Yagnik, N. Ramasubramanian, V. Grigoriev, C. Sainte-Catherine, J. Bertsch, R. Adamson, R-C Kuo, S. T. Mahmood, T. Fukuda, P. Efsing, B. C. Oberländer.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (21 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b18
=520  3\$aCladding fracture behavior is an important consideration, particularly in secondary damage of fuel cladding during service and during handling and storage of discharged fuel. A number of test techniques are available that approximate the stress-state experienced by the cladding for crack initiation and propagation in the axial direction (z) and thus provide a measure of the crack propagation resistance. However, the classical fracture mechanics procedure cannot be applied directly to the thin-walled cladding geometry. Thus, attempts to measure fracture toughness have been influenced not only by material characteristics but also by the technique used to measure it. A large scatter in the reported data exists. Crack propagation resistance in the radial direction (r) is even harder to quantify due to the small wall thickness. We report here on our collaborative round-robin exercise to measure and evaluate fracture toughness in unirradiated tubing at 20 and 300°C, wherein seven laboratories participated in testing samples from the same set of materials. The samples were from RXA and SRA Zircaloy-4 cladding and an aluminum alloy tubing of dimensions same as the cladding. All three tubing materials were precharacterized using standard procedures for tensile property measurements. The KIC for the aluminum alloy block material, from which the tubing was machined, was measured using standard CT (compact tension) testing. The relative toughness of the three materials is known to vary as aluminum alloy < SRA Zircaloy < RXA Zircaloy. The objective was to assess the various techniques (Pin-Loaded Tension, Vallecitos Embedded Charpy, X-Specimen, Internal Conical Mandrel, Double-Edge Notched Tension and Burst Test) for reproducibility of the results and their ability to discriminate between the material variants. Each laboratory pursued its own specific test technique and methodology of data evaluation under a mutually agreed upon set of common guidelines. Fracture characteristics of the materials from each of these seven techniques were evaluated. All the techniques except the Internal Conical Mandrel (ICM) and the Burst Test (BT) followed the conventional procedure of evaluating J values from load-displacement curves. Values for J were generated using a finite element simulation of crack initiation and propagation in the ICM and the stress intensity factor KI calculated in the BT. The paper includes data from various techniques and a comparative analysis that was performed. We conclude that the appropriate parameters for comparison purposes in these studies are J0.2 and (dJ/da)0.2. Jmax is less meaningful because of the extensive plasticity exhibited by the cladding material and the observation that crack extensions were far from comparable from different tests at maximum load. Each testing method was clearly able to distinguish the expected toughness order among the three materials. Reproducibility within each test method was very good compared to the scatter normally expected in fracture toughness testing. J0.2 values, for SRA Zircaloy-4 at room temperature, fell into two groups; comparison of the toughness values among the various testing methods was surprisingly good, with standard deviations in the range, 5–17 %, although such an agreement was limited to techniques within each group. Reasons for the differences, such as loading at the crack tip, the methods used for measuring crack extension “Δa,” and the procedures adopted for analysis of the data were explored. It is clear that for thin-walled Zircaloy tubing no single value of fracture toughness exists. However, it does appear possible to obtain a useful toughness value that is appropriate for a specific application, if the technique (specimen geometry and local stress-strain conditions) closely models the application.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFatigue (Materials)
=650  \0$aJ integral.
=650  \0$aFracture mechanics.
=650  \0$aFatigue cracking.
=650  \0$aJ-integral.
=650  \0$aCrack propagation.
=650  \0$aRound-robin.
=650  \0$aFracture toughness.
=650  14$aFracture toughness.
=650  24$aRound-robin.
=650  24$aCladding mechanical properties.
=650  24$aCrack propagation.
=650  24$aFatigue cracking.
=650  24$aJ-integral.
=700  1\$aRamasubramanian, N.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGrigoriev, V.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSainte-Catherine, C.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBertsch, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAdamson, R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKuo, R-C,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMahmood, S. T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFukuda, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aEfsing, P.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aOberländer, B. C.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101140.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101141
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101141$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101141$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA404.2
=082  04$a620.11$223
=100  1\$aVoorbraak, W. P.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aThermal and Epithermal Fluence Rate Measurements in Multipurpose Reactors :$bApplication of a Least-Squares Fitting Code RESDET to Obtain Thermal and Epithermal Fluence Rates from Measured Reaction Rates /$cW. P. Voorbraak, W. E. Freudenreich, G. P. Leendertse, J. K. Aaldijk.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b6
=520  3\$aA generalized least-squares, two group neutron spectrum adjustment code is presented that uses measured reaction rates of activation foils and thermal and epithermal energy cross-section data to calculate the thermal and epithermal fluence rates in case of well-moderated neutron spectra. The code uses the covariance matrices of the measurements and cross sections to produce the covariance matrix of the calculated thermal and epithermal fluence rates. The report also gives some application examples of the code.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aElectrical and Electronic Engineering.
=650  \0$aMechanical Engineering.
=650  \0$aCivil Engineering.
=650  \0$aThermal fluence rate.
=650  \0$aActivation foils.
=650  \0$aCovariance matrix.
=650  14$aThermal fluence rate.
=650  24$aEpithermal fluence rate.
=650  24$aActivation foils.
=650  24$aCovariance matrix.
=700  1\$aFreudenreich, W. E.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLeendertse, G. P.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAaldijk, J. K.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101141.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101142
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101142$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101142$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRA409
=082  04$a610/.1/84$223
=100  1\$aVoorbraak, W. P.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aRetrospective Dosimetry of Fast Neutrons Focused on the Reactions 93Nb(n,n′)93Nbm and 54Fe(n,p)54Mn /$cW. P. Voorbraak, T. Kekki, T. Serén, M. Van Bockxstaele, J. Wagemans, J. R.W. Woittiez.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b14
=520  3\$aAn overview is given of practices for “retrospective” dosimetry based on extraction and counting of niobium and manganese present in typical pressure vessel materials. The main problem of counting structural materials is the overwhelming presence of the nuclide 60Co in the gamma-ray spectra of irradiated materials. Chemical separation of niobium and manganese is needed to determine the induced 93Nbm and 54Mn activities. Procedures have been developed for retrospective dosimetry applicable at normally equipped radiochemical laboratories. Chemical separation procedures have been applied followed by determination of the amount of niobium in dissolution after separation. Special attention has been given to the accurate counting of the very weak X rays of 93Nbm. Different techniques have been applied. Advantages, disadvantages, and the accuracy that can be achieved are discussed. Special attention has been given to the maximum accuracy that can be reached and the minimum amount of niobium that has to be collected to reach this accuracy.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBiometry.
=650  \0$aProspective Studies.
=650  \0$aResearch.
=650  \0$aRetrospective Studies.
=650  \0$aSampling Studies.
=650  \0$aColumn anion exchange.
=650  \0$aManganese.
=650  \0$aNeutron damage.
=650  \0$aNeutron fluence.
=650  \0$aNiobium.
=650  14$aRetrospective dosimetry.
=650  24$aNeutron fluence.
=650  24$aNeutron damage.
=650  24$aNiobium.
=650  24$aManganese.
=650  24$aColumn anion exchange.
=650  24$aLiquid scintillation counting.
=650  24$aNeutron activation analysis.
=700  1\$aKekki, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSerén, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aVan Bockxstaele, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWagemans, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWoittiez, J. R.W.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101142.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101143
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101143$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101143$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK9006
=082  04$a621.48/3$223
=100  1\$aHermann, Armin,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffect of Local Hydride Accumulations on Zircaloy Cladding Mechanical Properties /$cArmin Hermann, Suresh K. Yagnik, Didier Gavillet.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (20 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b27
=520  3\$aMechanical response of fuel cladding with local hydride accumulations is crucial in the assessment of cladding integrity at high burn-ups. We have performed high-temperature low-strain rate burst tests on irradiated cladding samples with and without hydride lenses or blisters to seek answers to the following questions: Does the presence of a hydride lens inevitably lead to rupture at a lower pressure? How does it mechanistically affect the crack initiation and propagation? The irradiated samples in our investigation were taken from the regions of the fuel cladding with oxide spallation. Subsequently, we used neutron radiography to further select samples covering a range of hydride blister sizes on which the burst testing was performed. Rupture pressure, hoop strength, and circumferential strain data will be reported. For each sample tested, detailed metallography and fractography were performed on 2-mm size sections containing the burst opening to provide insights into the mechanism of crack initiation and propagation. Local and mean hydrogen concentrations were measured. The paper will include and elucidate new details often not fully investigated by other burst test investigations reported in the open literature. In samples with multiple blisters, the crack initiates at the largest one, which also governs the fracture mode. Reduction in the rupture pressure can be simply correlated to the reduction in sample wall thickness excluding the blister (i.e., its remaining ligament). There is a lower bound on the blister size to have any influence on the rupture pressure. Further, local plastic circumferential strain at each blister can be correlated to relative hydride lens area, as projected onto the cladding surface.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCladding.
=650  \0$aDefects.
=650  \0$aFracture Mechanics.
=650  \0$aSteels.
=650  \0$aMechanical Properties.
=650  \0$aFluence.
=650  \0$aHydriding.
=650  \0$aMechanical tests.
=650  \0$aDuctility.
=650  14$aMechanical tests.
=650  24$aHydriding.
=650  24$aFluence.
=650  24$aDuctility.
=650  24$aZircaloy-4.
=700  1\$aYagnik, Suresh K.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGavillet, Didier,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101143.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101146
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101146$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101146$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK9207.5
=082  04$a621.48/335$223
=100  1\$aGriffiths, M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMicrostructure Evolution in Zr Alloys during Irradiation :$bDose, Dose Rate, and Impurity Dependence /$cM. Griffiths.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b31
=520  3\$aThe performance of zirconium alloys in BWR, PWR, and PHWR nuclear reactors is dependent on the microstructure. Accordingly, the characterization of the microstructure is an integral part of any study conducted to develop models for in-reactor performance. Although the as-fabricated microstructure (texture, grain size, dislocation density, and phase or precipitate distribution) determines the basic physical properties of a given component, there are changes that occur during irradiation that can have a significant effect on these properties. Microstructures that illustrate specific features of the radiation damage that forms in Zr alloys will be illustrated and discussed in terms of the dose, dose rate, and impurity factors that are applicable.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aZirconium alloys$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aMicrostructure.
=650  \0$aNuclear fuel claddings.
=650  \0$aZirconium alloys.
=650  \0$aRadiation damage.
=650  \0$aInterstitial.
=650  \0$aZirconium.
=650  \0$aIrradiation.
=650  \0$aCavities.
=650  \0$aDislocation loops.
=650  \0$aPoint defects.
=650  \0$aFast neutron flux.
=650  \0$aVacancy.
=650  14$aZirconium.
=650  24$aIrradiation.
=650  24$aFast neutron flux.
=650  24$aDpa.
=650  24$aRadiation damage.
=650  24$aPoint defects.
=650  24$aVacancy.
=650  24$aInterstitial.
=650  24$aDislocation loops.
=650  24$aCavities.
=650  24$aClimb.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101146.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101148
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101148$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101148$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.7
=082  04$a620.1/126$223
=100  1\$aNikulin, S. A.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aInfluence of Structure Changes in E110 Alloy Claddings on Ductility Loss Under LOCA Conditions /$cS. A. Nikulin, A. B. Rozhnov, V. A. Belov, N. V. Lyaschenko, A. V. Nikulina, A. G. Mal‘gin.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aMicrostructural changes are analyzed in specimens of E110 cladding tubes that have varying total impurity contents and differing residual ductility after interaction with steam at 1100 and 1200°C to 10–18 % ECR. It is shown that characteristics of the microstructure and the fracture behavior of tube specimens substantially depend on attendant impurities (C, Si, Ni, P, Cl, etc.). The total content of impurities available in the E110 alloy tubes varied from 35 to 140 ppm. With an increase in steam temperature from 1100 to 1200°C the influence of impurities on ductility of the tubes becomes weaker. The results of X-ray spectral examinations of niobium and oxygen distributions and microhardness measurements within the cladding wall after high temperature oxidation are presented. Methods of optical and electron microscopy were used to quantitatively analyze the interrelation between microstructural changes and fractures characteristics as a result of interaction with the high temperature steam environment. This work has suggested the likely reason for the losses of ductility in the studied specimens is the different contents of impurities that govern the types of microstructures formed as a result of the β →α transformation in the prior-β region of the specimens. The primary microstructural characteristics that govern the residual ductility of the E110 specimens is the morphology of the α phase platelets in the prior-β region (parallel plate or basket weave), and the quantity and brittleness of a second “dark” phase precipitate in the prior-β region.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFracture mechanics.
=650  \0$aMicrostructure.
=650  \0$aImpurities.
=650  \0$aZirconium alloys.
=650  \0$aFractography.
=650  \0$aResidual ductility.
=650  14$aLOCA.
=650  24$aZirconium alloys.
=650  24$aResidual ductility.
=650  24$aImpurities.
=650  24$aMicrostructure.
=650  24$aFractography.
=700  1\$aRozhnov, A. B.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBelov, V. A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLyaschenko, N. V.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNikulina, A. V.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMal‘gin, A. G.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101148.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101149
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101149$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101149$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC771
=082  04$a539.7/4$223
=100  1\$aCvachovec, J.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aNeutron Response Function for BC-523A Scintillation Detector in the Energy Range 0.5 MeV to 20 MeV /$cJ. Cvachovec, F. Cvachovec, B. Ošmera, S. Pošta.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (4 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b1
=520  3\$aIn the paper, the physical model of a doped scintilator is described. The Monte Carlo type code NEU-7 [Cvachovec, Cvachovec, and Tajovsky, Nucl. Math. Inst. Phys. Res. A, Vol. 476, 2002, pp. 200–202], which was created for a NE-213 and stilben type scintillators containing also hydrogen and carbon only, was extended for scintillators containing 10B, 11B, and O also.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aNeutron counters.
=650  \0$aParticles (Nuclear physics)
=650  \0$aScintillation counters.
=650  \0$aResponse function.
=650  14$aNeutron scintillation detector.
=650  24$aResponse function.
=700  1\$aCvachovec, F.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aOšmera, B.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPošta, S.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101149.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101156
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101156$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101156$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA660.T34
=082  04$a681/.76041$223
=100  1\$aDeshmukh, P. V.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFinite Element Modeling of the Effects of Delamination Damage on the Natural Frequencies of Composite Panels /$cP. V. Deshmukh, S. N. Wosu, L. Daniel.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b21
=520  3\$aThis paper describes the analysis and experimental effort undertaken to determine damage detection in composite beams. Finite element analysis of delamination and its effect on the natural frequencies of the composite beam is determined using cohesive zone elements of a commercial finite element software material model ANSYS. Numerical simulations are carried out to analyze typical cases of a delaminated composite beam with different boundary conditions. It is found that an increase in the delaminated region ratio increases the percent deviation in the natural system frequencies. The amount of deviation was different for different types of delamination. The frequency charts of the present study may be useful for engineering design and non-destructive testing analysis. It can be used as a tool for diagnosis, detection, and identification of delaminations in engineering applications by monitoring the frequency change.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPressure vessels$xDesign and construction.
=650  \0$aProcess control.
=650  \0$aStrains and stresses.
=650  \0$aStrength of materials.
=650  \0$aFinite element method.
=650  \0$aCohesive zone.
=650  \0$aComposite.
=650  \0$aFracture.
=650  \0$aDamage detection.
=650  \0$aDelamination.
=650  \0$aModal analysis.
=650  14$aComposite.
=650  24$aDelamination.
=650  24$aCohesive zone.
=650  24$aFracture.
=650  24$aFinite element method.
=650  24$aDamage detection.
=650  24$aModal analysis.
=700  1\$aWosu, S. N.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDaniel, L.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101156.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101161
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101161$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101161$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aCA1AE586A258
=082  04$a530$223
=100  1\$aZhao, Z.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCharacterization of Zirconium Hydrides and Phase Field Approach to a Mesoscopic-Scale Modeling of Their Precipitation /$cZ. Zhao, M. Blat-Yrieix, J.-P. Morniroli, A. Legris, L. Thuinet, Y. Kihn, A. Ambard, L. Legras.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (20 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b45
=520  3\$aZirconium alloys are currently used in nuclear power plants where they are submitted to hydrogen pick-up. Hydrogen in solid solution or hydride precipitation can affect the behavior of zirconium alloys during service but also in long term storage and in accidental conditions. Numerical modeling at mesoscopic scale using a “phase field” approach has been launched to describe hydride precipitation and its consequences on the mechanical properties of zirconium alloys. To obtain realistic results, it should take into account an accurate kinetic, thermodynamic, and structural database in order to properly describe hydride nucleation, growth, and coalescence as well as hydride interaction with external stresses. Therefore, an accurate structural characterization was performed on Zircaloy-4 plates and it allowed us to identify a new zirconium hydride phase called ζ. The ζ phase has a trigonal symmetry and is fully coherent with hcp αZr. The consequences of this new zirconium hydride phase on hydride transformation process and stress-reorientation phenomenon are discussed. A first attempt to numerically model the precipitation of this new zirconium hydride phase has been undertaken using the phase field approach.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAcoustic emission.
=650  \0$aHydrides.
=650  \0$aZirconium alloys$xFracture.
=650  \0$aPhase field.
=650  \0$aHydride.
=650  \0$aPhase identification.
=650  14$aZircaloy-4.
=650  24$aHydride.
=650  24$aPhase identification.
=650  24$aPrecipitation process.
=650  24$aPhase field.
=700  1\$aBlat-Yrieix, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMorniroli, J.-P.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLegris, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aThuinet, L.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKihn, Y.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAmbard, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLegras, L.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101161.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101162
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101162$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101162$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aNA2542.36
=082  04$a720.47$223
=100  1\$aEndo, Junko,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDesigning a System to Apply an Assessment Method of Buildings for All Lifecycle Stages Based on the Concept of Eco-Efficiency /$cJunko Endo, Shuzo Murakami, Toshiharu Ikaga.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b14
=520  3\$aCASBEE (Comprehensive Assessment System for Building Environmental Efficiency) is an environmental labeling method for buildings, based on assessment of the environmental performance of buildings. In CASBEE, BEE (Building Environmental Efficiency) was developed as a new indicator for assessment following the concept of eco-efficiency. With the increasing BEE value, the total environmental performance of buildings is labeled from the highest performance. The framework of basic and extended CASBEE tools as a structured assessment system is called the “CASBEE family.” CASBEE consists of a set of four basic assessment tools; namely, “CASBEE for Pre-design” (CASBEE-PD), “CASBEE for New Construction” (CASBEE-NC), “CASBEE for Existing Building” (CASBEE-EB), and “CASBEE for Renovation” (CASBEE-RN). These correspond to the individual stages of the building’s lifecycle. There are also needs for detailed assessment targeting specific environmental aspects. “CASBEE-HI,” as an extended tool, assesses efforts made in buildings to alleviate the heat island effect. A new tool called “CASBEE for Urban Development” (CASBEE-UD) is developed for assessment of a group of buildings. Some local authorities introduced CASBEE into their building administration as assessment methods for their sustainable building reporting systems. This requires building owners to submit a planning document assessing the environmental performance of their buildings to the authorities. In April 2004, the city of Nagoya introduced “CASBEE Nagoya.” Introduction of CASBEE followed in the city of Osaka, Yokohama, Kyoto, and other municipals. These local systems require some modification in CASBEE to reflect their local characteristics, such as climate and prioritized policies.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBuilding materials$xEnvironmental aspects.
=650  \0$aCity planning$xEnvironmental aspects.
=650  \0$aEcological houses.
=650  \0$aSustainability.
=650  \0$aSustainable architecture.
=650  \0$aUrban ecology (Sociology)
=650  \0$aEnvironmental policy.
=650  14$aBuilding environmental assessment.
=650  24$aEnvironmental efficiency.
=650  24$aEnvironmental labeling.
=650  24$aEnvironmental policy.
=650  24$aBuilding administration.
=650  24$aSustainable building reporting system.
=650  24$aInformation disclosure.
=700  1\$aMurakami, Shuzo,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aIkaga, Toshiharu,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101162.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101163
=003  IN-ChSCO
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=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101163$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101163$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQ175.5
=082  04$a303.48/3$223
=100  1\$aSteele, K.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aBRE Environmental Profiles :$bPast, Present, and Future /$cK. Steele, J. Anderson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b10
=520  3\$aEnvironmental conservation and the impact that the construction industry has on the environment have risen to the fore as a principle against which materials, products, specifications, and whole building fabric must be considered. The reasoning for this is sound, with the industry being responsible for the manufacture and use of hundreds of millions of tons of materials annually. At a national level in the UK alone the construction products sector is responsible for around 10 % [DEFRA statistics, 2000] of all carbon emissions. Against this background, the sector is remarkably well placed to build from work already done to develop standardized Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) approaches and to apply them to construction scenarios. As a result, the practice is now well established and has gained a growing momentum across all construction stakeholders, from clients to product suppliers.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT.
=650  \0$aBuilding assessment.
=650  14$aEnvironmental profiles.
=650  24$aEPDs.
=650  24$aBuilding assessment.
=650  24$aLCA.
=700  1\$aAnderson, J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101163.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101168
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101168$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101168$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA417.2
=082  04$a621.48/35$223
=100  1\$aSchindler, Hans-Jakob,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDetermination of Transferable Lower-Bound Fracture Toughness from Small Specimens /$cHans-Jakob Schindler, Dietmar Kalkhof, Philip Tipping.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aThe master-curve (MC) enables fracture toughness to be measured in the ductile-to-brittle temperature (DBT) regime of ferritic steels using small specimens. However, MC application to structural components remains unclear in some areas. Vital issues of regulatory concern are the differences in the reference temperature T0 obtained from specimens of different sizes and shapes, the extension of the MC into the upper transition range, and the acceptability, or not, of a given level of failure probability to be used in the analysis of safety-relevant components [e.g., nuclear power reactor pressure vessel (RPV)]. Based on general theoretical considerations, the existence of a deterministic temperature-dependent lower bound of KIc or KJc is postulated. It can serve to provide conservative fracture toughness values as required in a screening analysis, which is usually the first step of a fracture mechanics analysis of a structural component. A simple method to determine this lower bound from the reference temperature T0 is presented. Furthermore, since testing of small specimens, like in precracked Charpy (PCC) tests, often leads to E1921-invalid data, an alternative procedure to estimate the MC is suggested that can use the invalid data. The practicability of the method is shown by a few examples. Based on the same method, a lower-bound of dynamic fracture toughness can be estimated from Charpy data sets. Combined with an empirical temperature shift, the lower bound of static fracture toughness can be estimated as well.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aNondestructive testing.
=650  \0$aBrittleness.
=650  \0$aFracture mechanics.
=650  \0$aLower-bound.
=650  \0$aMaster-curve.
=650  \0$aFracture toughness.
=650  \0$aTransferability.
=650  \0$aValidity.
=650  14$aFracture toughness.
=650  24$aTransferability.
=650  24$aLower-bound.
=650  24$aValidity.
=650  24$aBrittle-to ductile transition.
=650  24$aMaster-curve.
=700  1\$aKalkhof, Dietmar,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTipping, Philip,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101168.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101169
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101169$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101169$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH453
=082  04$a690/.22$223
=100  1\$aTrusty, Wayne,$eauthor.
=245  10$aStandards Versus Recommended Practice :$bSeparating Process and Prescriptive Measures from Building Performance /$cWayne Trusty.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b2
=520  3\$aRating systems in North America are experiencing a fundamental shift in the way they approach sustainable design, away from a prescriptive methodology toward one that emphasizes quantifiable performance. They are maturing, placing more importance on issues such as life cycle assessment and how to strengthen the link between design forecasts and actual building performance over the long-term. But, they remain an inherent mix of objective and subjective elements—of process, prescriptive measures, and performance—which makes it difficult for them to evolve in their entirety into sustainable building standards. This paper will focus on fundamental issues related to the standardization of sustainable design principles in the context of assessment and rating systems, drawing on the experience of the Green Building Initiative (GBI) American National Standards Institute (ANSI) Technical Committee for Green Globes™. The GBI is the first national organization to take a green building rating system through the consensus-based ANSI process, and its technical committee will examine how process, prescriptive, and performance measures fit in a standard of this nature. For example, experience shows that an integrated design process tends to result in higher performance buildings. However, while it is recommended practice, can it be mandated as part of a standard if it isn’t a measure of the building’s actual worth? Indeed, can any process be dictated, or would this risk penalizing an exceptional building for something that has nothing to do with sustainability? Likewise, prescriptive measures such as favoring building materials with recycled content do not always deliver the benefits they are widely assumed to have. They are means to an end and should not be treated as objectives in their own right. It is tempting to include prescriptive measures in a standard because they are easy to verify. But do we not then risk perpetuating points of view that, while deeply entrenched, do not contribute positively to actual building performance?.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBuilding inspection.
=650  \0$aBuildings$xPerformance.
=650  \0$aBuildings$xSafety measures.
=650  \0$aSustainable building.
=650  \0$aLife cycle assessment.
=650  14$aBuilding assessment and rating systems.
=650  24$aSustainable building.
=650  24$aLife cycle assessment.
=650  24$aBuilding certification.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101169.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101177
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101177$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101177$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.72
=082  04$a620.1/1292$223
=100  1\$aBlau, Peter J.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aProspects for Adapting Current ASTM Wear and Erosion Tests for Bulk Materials to Thin Films, Coatings, and Surface Treatments /$cPeter J. Blau.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b15
=520  3\$aMost of ASTM Committee G2’s erosion, wear, and friction test standards were developed for use with bulk materials, yet there is a growing need to evaluate the tribological behavior of films, coatings, and surface treatments (FCSTs), some that affect layers only tens of nanometres to a few micrometres thick. Tribotesting standards for bulk materials can sometimes be modified for use on FCSTs, but the conditions and methods developed for bulk materials may sometimes be too severe or inapplicable. An Internet search and literature review indicated that a number of G2 Committee standards are currently being used for FCSTs. Of these, ASTM G 99 and G 65 seem to be the most popular. When attempting to apply an existing wear standard for bulk materials to FCSTs, two key issues must be addressed: (1) whether changes are needed in the magnitudes of the applied conditions, and (2) whether more precise methods are needed to measure the magnitude of surface damage. Straightforward calculations underscore the limitations for wear measurement of thin layers when evaluated using block-on-ring and pin-on-disk tests. Finally, suggestions are given for modifying selected ASTM G2 standards to enable their use on films, coatings, and surface treatments.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMaterials$xTesting.
=650  \0$aMechanical wear.
=650  \0$aGalling.
=650  \0$aTribotesting.
=650  \0$aErosion.
=650  \0$aFriction.
=650  \0$aWear.
=650  \0$aCoatings.
=650  \0$aThin films.
=650  14$aFriction.
=650  24$aWear.
=650  24$aGalling.
=650  24$aErosion.
=650  24$aCoatings.
=650  24$aThin films.
=650  24$aTribotesting.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101177.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101183
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101183$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101183$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aCA1AE586A258
=082  04$a530$223
=100  1\$aRaynaud, P. A.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFracture Toughness of Hydrided Zircaloy-4 Sheet Under Through-Thickness Crack Growth Conditions /$cP. A. Raynaud, D. A. Koss, A. T. Motta, K. S. Chan.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b33
=520  3\$aThe susceptibility of fuel cladding to failure in the case of a postulated reactivity-initiated accident may be determined by crack initiation within a hydride blister or rim and subsequent crack growth through the thickness of the cladding. This study has determined the fracture toughness of hydrided cold-worked stress relieved Zircaloy-4 sheet subject to through-thickness crack growth at both 25 and 300°C. The experimental approach utilizes a novel procedure in which a narrow linear strip of brittle hydride blister across the specimen width creates a well-defined precrack upon initial loading. The subsequent crack growth resistance is then characterized by four-point bending of the specimen and an elastic-plastic fracture mechanics analysis. At room temperature, the through-thickness fracture toughness (Kq) is sensitive to the orientation of the hydride platelets and Kq≅25 MPa√m for crack growth through a mixed in-plane/out-of-plane hydride field. In contrast, Kq is much higher (≅75 MPa√m) when the hydride platelets are oriented predominantly in the plane of the sheet and therefore normal to both the crack plane and the crack growth direction. At 300°C, the material exhibits greater ductility as the hydride particles within the matrix resist fracture such that Kq≅83 MPa√m, despite the much lower flow stress of the material.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAcoustic emission.
=650  \0$aZirconium alloys$xFracture.
=650  \0$aFracture toughness.
=650  \0$aHydrides.
=650  \0$aZircaloy.
=650  14$aZircaloy.
=650  24$aHydrides.
=650  24$aFracture toughness.
=700  1\$aKoss, D. A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMotta, A. T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aChan, K. S.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101183.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101184
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101184$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101184$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH4860
=082  04$a690/.837$223
=100  1\$aLent, Tom,$eauthor.
=245  10$aRethinking Green Building Standards for Comprehensive Continuous Improvement /$cTom Lent, Bill Walsh.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aClimate change is only one of a series of challenges for which members of the scientific community are suggesting urgent action on a global scale to avoid irreversible health, environmental, and social damage. Labels and standards can play an important role in transforming our material economy to address these problems. Current trends in standard setting, however, threaten to confuse consumers and may actually stifle innovation. The problems of climate change and persistent bioaccumulative toxicants (PBTs) and the host of other resource depletion, toxicity, and social justice issues presented by current building material practice are urgent but complex. A rethinking of our approach to standards and labeling from a goal-oriented, strategic perspective can help resolve tradeoffs and energize markets to deliver better goods that strive toward sustainability ideals. Effective standards and labels must be: clear about their ultimate goals, comprehensive in scope, able to deal with uncertainty and data gaps, transparent, and designed to reward continuous improvement. The U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC) has initiated a process that demonstrates components of this strategic approach in addressing climate change. HBN’s Pharos Project is seeking to provide a framework to help map out and facilitate that strategic approach by establishing ideals in each category of impact and a roadmap to score progress toward that goal. The project models the use of this approach on a building material product database with a full range of environmental attributes and tools for evaluation.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aEcological houses.
=650  \0$aSustainable buildings$xDesign and construction.
=650  \0$aGreen technology.
=650  \0$aBuilding.
=650  \0$aClimate change.
=650  \0$aEnvironmental health.
=650  \0$aBuilding materials.
=650  \0$aRating systems.
=650  \0$aPharos Project.
=650  14$aClimate change.
=650  24$aPersistent bioaccumulative toxic.
=650  24$aPBT.
=650  24$aBuilding materials.
=650  24$aRating systems.
=650  24$aThird party certification.
=650  24$aUSGBC.
=650  24$aLEED.
=650  24$aPharos Project.
=650  24$aPrecautionary principle.
=650  24$aEnvironmental health.
=650  24$aLCA.
=700  1\$aWalsh, Bill,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101184.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101188
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101188$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101188$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aNA2750
=082  04$a729$223
=100  1\$aFoster, John Paul,$eauthor.
=245  10$aZIRLOTM Cladding Improvement /$cJohn Paul Foster, H. Ken Yueh, Robert J. Comstock.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aImprovements to fuel design have been made in recent years to meet the challenges of increases in fuel duty in terms of linear power and operating temperature. Improved cladding material is one of these design improvements. Specifically, Westinghouse has developed an improved version of ZIRLOTM called Optimized ZIRLO and denoted as OPT ZIRLO. The Sn level in this improved material is reduced from the nominal standard previous level of about 1 % to a range of 0.6 % to 0.8 %. The reduced Sn level has been optimized to produce a higher corrosion resistance and provide adequate in-reactor creep resistance. Out-reactor diameter creep tests have shown that decreasing Sn increases out-reactor creep, suggesting that decreasing Sn may also increase in-reactor creep. An in-reactor testing program in the Vogtle Unit 2 pressurized water reactor (PWR) was performed to confirm the predicted in-reactor behavior. The test samples were suspended as segmented rods inside fuel assembly thimble tubes. In-reactor diameter creep data confirmed that decreasing Sn increases in-reactor creep. As a result of the correlation between in-reactor and out-reactor creep, an extensive out-reactor diameter creep program was performed in order to develop methods to fabricate OPT ZIRLO with the same in-reactor creep properties as the currently used stress-relief annealed standard ZIRLO (denoted as SRA STD ZIRLO). The level of in-reactor diameter creep of SRA STD ZIRLO was achieved for OPT ZIRLO by two methods. One method involved changing the final microstructure from SRA to partially recrystallized (PRXA). The other method kept the final microstructure as SRA and changed the tube reduction sequence to decrease the final tube area reduction. In order to develop these methods, a series of material variation tests was performed. Some of the material variations included different final heat treatments, different tube reduction sequences, and different pre-charged hydrogen levels. These tests were performed for both out-reactor and in-reactor. In addition, the out-reactor and in-reactor creep were observed to directly correlate for OPT ZIRLO material fabricated with different final anneal temperatures. Thus, out-reactor creep may be used to predict in-reactor creep properties for different final anneal temperatures. These results show that fabrication changes may be used to control in-reactor creep. In this study, fabrication changes were used to compensate for the reduction in in-reactor creep strength associated with lower tin content in OPT ZIRLO.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aConstruction projects$xManagement.
=650  \0$aArchitectural design$xManagement.
=650  \0$aArchitectural design.
=650  \0$aCladding.
=650  \0$aCoade stone.
=700  1\$aYueh, H. Ken,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aComstock, Robert J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101188.htm

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=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101190$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101190$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA402.5
=082  04$a620.11$223
=100  1\$aAchanta, Satish,$eauthor.
=245  10$aInvestigation of Friction in the Meso Normal Force Range on DLC and TiN Coatings /$cSatish Achanta, Dirk Drees, Jean-Pierre Celis, Michael Anderson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b18
=520  3\$aIn recent years “low load” tribology has received more attention due to the emergence of special devices like MEMS, and new materials such as bioimplants, polymers, and textured surfaces. The tribological characterization of MEMS materials is challenging, because the devices operate at nominal contact pressures of only a few MPa and low wear rates of nm/h. The evaluation of materials with conventional high load tribological tools or with AFM type techniques is not appropriate because the contact pressures or contact geometries are not suitable. Furthermore, even in many conventional applications, the contact pressures and wear rates are more moderate than the ones achieved in conventional tribometers.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aProtective coatings.
=650  \0$aTitanium carbide.
=650  \0$aLow contact pressure.
=650  \0$aTitanium nitride.
=650  \0$aDiamond-like carbon.
=650  \0$aFriction.
=650  \0$aMicrotribometer.
=650  14$aFriction.
=650  24$aLow contact pressure.
=650  24$aMEMS.
=650  24$aTitanium nitride.
=650  24$aDiamond-like carbon.
=650  24$aMicrotribometer.
=700  1\$aDrees, Dirk,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aCelis, Jean-Pierre,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAnderson, Michael,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101190.htm

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=001  JAI101191
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=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
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=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101191$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101191$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN23
=082  04$a622$223
=100  1\$aSahoo, Gadadhar,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCorrosion of Phosphoric Irons in Acidic Environments /$cGadadhar Sahoo, R. Balasubramaniam.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b24
=520  3\$aThe corrosion behavior of phosphoric irons (i.e., Fe-P alloys containing low phosphorus in the range 0.1 to 0.5 wt. %), prepared by ingot metallurgy route, was evaluated in acidic and chloride environments, e.g., 0.25 M H2SO4 of pH 0.6, 0.5 M Na2SO4 of pH 3 and 3.5 % NaCl of pH 6.8. A plain carbon steel and a low alloy (Cu-Cr) steel were also studied for comparison purpose. The effect of Cu and Cr additions was beneficial in a highly acidic condition. While similar corrosion rates observed for plain carbon steel and low alloy steel in 0.5 M Na2SO4 of pH 3, a slightly higher corrosion rate was observed for phosphoric irons. All alloys exhibited lowest and similar corrosion rates in neutral 3.5 % NaCl corrosive media. The linearity of Tafel slopes in the cathodic region varied with the pH of the solution. Corrosion rates were higher at lower pH due to the major contribution of hydrogen evolution reaction to the cathodic current.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPhosphoric acid.
=650  \0$aAlloys$xCorrosion.
=650  \0$aAlloys$xImpact testing.
=650  \0$aTesting-machines.
=650  \0$aTafel slope.
=650  \0$aCarbon steel.
=650  \0$aPolarization.
=650  \0$aPhosphoric irons.
=650  14$aPolarization.
=650  24$aPhosphoric irons.
=650  24$aCarbon steel.
=650  24$aTafel slope.
=650  24$aPH.
=700  1\$aBalasubramaniam, R.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101191.htm

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=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101192$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101192$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTJ1075
=082  04$a621.8/9$223
=100  1\$aShi, Baogui,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Study of Thin Coating Wear in High Data Density Tape Heads /$cBaogui Shi, J. L. Sullivan, S. O. Saied.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b23
=520  3\$aThis paper reports on an investigation of the wear of very thin (20–50 nm) Cr2O3 hard coatings, deposited on the linear tape open (LTO) data tape heads. The differential wear of the magnetic poles on the head and subsequent pole tip recession (PTR) leading to an increase in magnetic spacing is the major factor limiting the performance of high data density data tape heads. In order to reduce or eliminate PTR, very thin Cr2O3 hard coatings were employed to reduce PTR. The coatings were deposited on the LTO heads surface using unbalanced magnetron sputtering deposition techniques. Atomic force microscopy was used to analyze the surface topography of the coated head surface. Wear measurement was carried out by the means X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Auger electron spectroscopy combined with argon ion depth profiling. By these means, the very small reduction in coating thickness during the wear and hence the wear rate could be accurately determined. Wear tests were conducted in modified HP LTO Ultrium Generation 1 tape drives, and it is shown that wear rates of below 5.6×10−21m3/N⋅m could be measured. Nano indentation and scratch tests were employed to study the wear of the head materials and coated heads, which indicated that pole materials suffer the greatest wear under the same wear test conditions. The coatings on the pole areas have the lowest anti-abrasive wear resistance. Compared to the uncoated heads, the PTR of LTO heads were significant reduced by Cr2O3 coatings.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCoating Wear.
=650  \0$aNano wear rate.
=650  \0$aCoating.
=650  \0$aAdhesion.
=650  \0$aTribology.
=650  14$aTribology.
=650  24$aCoating.
=650  24$aNano wear rate.
=650  24$aAdhesion.
=700  1\$aSullivan, J. L.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSaied, S. O.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101192.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101194
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=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101194$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101194$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTS1892
=082  04$a678.2$223
=100  1\$aPintaude, G.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFriction and Wear Behavior of Electroplated and Thermal Sprayed Coatings Tested in an Instrumented Rubber Wheel Abrasion Test /$cG. Pintaude, O. Maranho, L. Villabón R., A. Sinatora.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b30
=520  3\$aThis paper presents the results of a three-body abrasive wear and friction study of two different coatings on steel substrates. An instrumented rubber wheel abrasion test (RWAT) was used. One coating was thermally-sprayed WC-12 %Co, using the high-velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) process, and the other coating was applied as electroplated hard chrome. Unlike current RWAT equipment, the apparatus described here has computer control of load and speed as well as instrumentation to measure specimen temperature and friction force. The instrument was calibrated using quenched and tempered D2 tool steel, per ASTM G 65-94. Tests of the thermally-sprayed coating were performed with loads of 65 or 130 N, and tests of the hard chrome plating used Procedure E of the standard. The wear resistance of the thermally-sprayed coating was dependent on substrate (52100 or 1020 steel) and it was in general superior to that for the hard chrome. The friction coefficients ranged between about 0.4 and 0.6 for the coatings against flowing sand. The tests performed with an applied load of 130 N did not meet the recommendation of ASTM on the coefficient of variation, and probably low loads should be considered in the standard to determine the wear resistance of coatings.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMechanical wear.
=650  \0$aRubber$xAnalysis.
=650  \0$aRubber$xTesting.
=650  \0$aRubber.
=650  \0$aFriction coefficient.
=650  14$aRubber wheel abrasion test.
=650  24$aFriction coefficient.
=650  24$aThermal sprayed coatings.
=700  1\$aMaranho, O.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aVillabón R., L.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSinatora, A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101194.htm

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=001  JAI101198
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=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101198$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101198$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA480.A6
=082  04$a620.1/8623$223
=100  1\$aDean, Sheldon W.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDevelopment of Electrochemical Standards for Corrosion Testing /$cSheldon W. Dean.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (18 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b32
=520  3\$aAlthough the understanding that corrosion is an electrochemical process has been known for almost a century, the exploitation of electrochemical techniques for corrosion testing has largely occurred in the past four decades. The development of standard conventions in ASTM G 3 and calculation procedures in ASTM G 102 have stimulated the development of electrochemical test methods. The development of reference test methods G 5, G 59, G 61, G 100, and G 106 that allow the verification of both equipment and procedures has been an important contribution to the development and expansion of these test methods. The availability of reliable electrometers, potentiostatic power supplies and recording equipment has also made these methods simpler to use. This paper reviews the development of these standards and discusses three electrochemical test methods. It also outlines several areas for new standards development and provides ideas for improvements to existing standards.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAluminum alloys$xCorrosion$xTesting$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aCorrosion and anti-corrosives$xTesting$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aChemical peel$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aAluminium.
=650  \0$aKorrosion.
=650  \0$aSolution resistance.
=650  \0$aTafel slope.
=650  \0$aPitting.
=650  \0$aCrevice corrosion.
=650  \0$aPolarization.
=650  \0$aEPR test.
=650  14$aCrevice corrosion.
=650  24$aElectrochemical impedance.
=650  24$aEPR test.
=650  24$aGalvanostaircase polarization.
=650  24$aIntergranular corrosion.
=650  24$aPitting.
=650  24$aPolarization resistance.
=650  24$aPolarization.
=650  24$aSolution resistance.
=650  24$aTafel slope.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101198.htm

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=001  JAI101203
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101203$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101203$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aCA1AE593A10801
=082  04$a539.7$223
=100  1\$aEvdokimov, I. A.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aIn-Pile Criteria for the Initiation of Massive Hydriding of Zr in Steam-Hydrogen Environment /$cI. A. Evdokimov, V. V. Likhanskii.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b25
=520  3\$aIt is shown that irradiation of oxide film on the surface of zirconium alloy by fission fragments may promote the breakdown of oxide protective properties and lead to massive hydriding of zirconium in a steam-hydrogen environment far beyond the condition of “oxygen starvation.” Massive hydriding of zirconium claddings may cause severe secondary degradation of failed fuel rods in commercial nuclear reactors. The effect of irradiation is concerned with two factors. The first one is radiolysis of steam-hydrogen mixture and chemical interaction of highly reactive radicals with the oxide surface. The second factor is intense generation of radiation-induced defects in crystal lattice of ZrO2 which enhance the rate of oxide reduction. A model is proposed for assessment of the threshold conditions for the onset of massive hydriding depending on composition of steam-hydrogen mixture and irradiation dose rate.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aZirconium alloys$xEffect of radiation on.
=650  \0$aMassive hydriding.
=650  \0$aIrradiation.
=650  \0$aDefective fuel rods.
=650  \0$aFission fragments.
=650  \0$aRadiolysis.
=650  \0$aSecondary failures.
=650  \0$aZirconium alloys.
=650  14$aZirconium alloys.
=650  24$aMassive hydriding.
=650  24$aDefective fuel rods.
=650  24$aSecondary failures.
=650  24$aIrradiation.
=650  24$aFission fragments.
=650  24$aSteam-hydrogen mixtures.
=650  24$aRadiolysis.
=650  24$aRadiation-induced defects.
=700  1\$aLikhanskii, V. V.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101203.htm

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=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101206$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101206$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN23
=082  04$a669/.142$223
=100  1\$aRishel, D. M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aIn Situ EIS Measurements of Irradiated Zircaloy-4 Post-Transition Corrosion Kinetic Behavior /$cD. M. Rishel, K. L. Eklund, B. F. Kammenzind.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (32 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b36
=520  3\$aUnder irradiation the post-transition corrosion rates of Zircaloy are enhanced relative to out-of-flux rates. In an effort to better understand the effects of different mixed-field radiation environments and the variables that may contribute to this enhancement a series of in situ electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) tests were conducted in the Halden Test Reactor under PWR type conditions. The EIS tests were conducted using five identically fabricated electrode cells, which employed Zircaloy-4 tipped working electrodes. Approximately 30 μm thick oxides were prefilmed on the electrode tips prior to test insertion. The electrode test train was designed in a manner that enabled a wide range of gamma and neutron radiation flux conditions to be evaluated. Gamma fluxes (E ≥1 MeV) ranged from 1.7×1013 to 1.3×1014 cm−2 s−1 while the fast neutron fluxes (E ≥1 MeV) ranged from 2.9×1010 to 3.2×1013 cm−2 s−1. In addition, the EIS tests were conducted over temperatures ranging from 250 to 335°C. Electrode sets were situated into two basic radiation environments, which were differentiated by the magnitude and relative proportion of the mixed radiation field. In one environment, where the fast neutron flux was low, the relative gamma radiation component was high (i.e., high gamma-to-neutron ratio environment). In the other environment, where the fast neutron flux was high, the relative gamma radiation component was low (i.e., low gamma-to-neutron ratio environment). Based on the low frequency limits, the impedance moduli and inferred corrosion rates were found to be a complex function of temperature, and the relative proportion of gamma and neutron radiation. At low temperatures of 250°C it was found that the electrode sets which were exposed under high gamma-to-neutron ratios exhibited low frequency impedances that were almost 2.5 times lower than the case for the electrode sets which were placed in low gamma-to-neutron ratio. This occurred even though the absolute magnitude of the gamma and neutron flux fields decreased. This would imply that the corrosion rate is higher under high gamma-to-neutron ratios than under low gamma-to-neutron ratios. Conversely, at high temperatures, 335°C, only very small differences in impedance were noted as a function of radiation environment. Post-test destructive examination of the Zircaloy tipped electrodes indicates that the growth of the oxide formed during the in-pile phase of testing is consistent with the in situ EIS measurements obtained in-pile. The porous nature of the post-transition oxide coupled with the apparent correlation with gamma radiation suggests that heterogeneous radiolysis within the corrosion product film plays an important role in enhancing post-transition corrosion kinetics.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aZircaloy-3$xCorrosion.
=650  \0$aZirconium alloys$xCorrosion.
=650  \0$aMetal cladding.
=650  \0$aStress corrosion.
=650  \0$aGamma radiation.
=650  \0$aIrradiated corrosion.
=650  14$aIrradiated corrosion.
=650  24$aZircaloy-4.
=650  24$aGamma radiation.
=650  24$aHeterogeneous radiolysis.
=650  24$aEIS.
=700  1\$aEklund, K. L.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKammenzind, B. F.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101206.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101209
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101209$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101209$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA473
=082  04$a621.48/3$223
=100  1\$aDaum, Robert S.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aExperimental and Analytical Investigation of the Mechanical Behavior of High-Burnup Zircaloy-4 Fuel Cladding /$cRobert S. Daum, Saurin Majumdar, Michael C. Billone.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (19 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b33
=520  3\$aSufficient mechanical ductility of high-burnup Zircaloy-4 fuel cladding is important to prevent large-opening ruptures and significant fuel dispersal during postulated in-reactor and spent-fuel processing accidents. The effect of irradiation, oxidation, and hydriding at high fuel burnup may degrade cladding ductility to the extent that such large ruptures are possible under severe loadings. To understand this susceptibility to failure, this study focused on mechanical testing coupled with detailed finite-element modeling and analyses. Under ring-compression-type loading at room temperature, tensile cracks form within the corrosion-induced oxide layer under elastic loading. The oxide crack then propagates into the cladding wall under additional loading with little to no measurable plastic strain, as confirmed by both experiment and analyses of plastic hoop strain in the ring. For cladding with the oxide removed prior to testing at ≤1 %/s, cracking of the underlying hydride rim comprised of circumferentially oriented hydrides occurs at low plastic hoop strain (≤3 %), whereas the finite-element analysis suggests that the base alloy with a relatively small amount of hydrides appears to fail at higher strain (>8 %). At even higher strain rates (≈400 %/s), cracking within the hydride rim occurs at near-zero ductility, but the base alloy continues to remain highly ductile. These room-temperature results indicate that the hydride rim is sensitive to strain rate, whereas the base alloy is relatively not. With the precipitation of ≈100 % radially oriented hydrides, the cladding exhibits near-zero ductility at room temperature and ≈0.1 %/s. This study suggests that the ring-compression test coupled with finite-element modeling and analysis may be used to estimate crack-initiation strains in irradiated cladding materials with susceptible microstructures and under various deformation rates.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMetal cladding.
=650  \0$aNuclear pressure vessels$xMaterials.
=650  \0$aSteel, Structural$xFracture.
=650  \0$aRadial hydride.
=650  \0$aCladding.
=650  \0$aHydride rim.
=650  \0$aReorientation.
=650  \0$aRing compression.
=650  \0$aHigh burnup.
=650  \0$aHydrides.
=650  \0$aEmbrittlement.
=650  \0$aDuctility.
=650  14$aCladding.
=650  24$aHigh burnup.
=650  24$aZircaloy-4.
=650  24$aHydrides.
=650  24$aHydride rim.
=650  24$aReorientation.
=650  24$aRadial hydride.
=650  24$aOxide.
=650  24$aFinite element modeling.
=650  24$aRing compression.
=650  24$aEmbrittlement.
=650  24$aDuctility.
=700  1\$aMajumdar, Saurin,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBillone, Michael C.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101209.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101210
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101210$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101210$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH9031
=082  04$a693.892$223
=100  1\$aCornick, S. M.,$eauthor.
=245  13$aAn Investigation of Climate Loads on Building Façades for Selected Locations in the United States /$cS. M. Cornick, M. A. Lacasse.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (22 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b38
=520  3\$aThe ability of a wall assembly to manage rainwater and control rain penetration depends on the assembly configuration, including interface details for penetrations, and on the rain loads to which the wall is subjected. There are a variety different protocols for evaluating the ability wall systems to resist water intrusion. Generally they involve spraying varying amounts of water while maintaining a pressure difference across the specimen. Across the conterminous United States hourly weather data for extended periods (climatic data) is available for many locations. From this climatic data estimates of wind-driven rain loads can be determined. We answer the question of how often these combinations of rainfall intensities and pressure are likely to present a problem with respect to moisture management of the assembly and how often these are likely to occur over the expected life of the wall assembly. Climate information related to rainfall and wind-driven rain for Boston, Miami, Minneapolis, Philadelphia, and Seattle are provided. A methodology for generating rates of water spray impinging on and pressure differences acting across the wall assembly is also developed. Although the methodology was primarily developed to select the proper testing criteria and test conditions to mimic real events, it can also be used by designers and practitioners to: (i) determine the response of the wall assembly to the effects of wind-driven rain; (ii) estimate design loads below which adverse effects on the assembly are minimized; (iii) assess the likelihood and degree of damage to the assembly when design loads are exceeded; (iv) estimate the long-term performance of the wall assembly based on watertightness and moisture management the wall assembly.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aArchitecture and climate$zUnited States.
=650  \0$aArchitecture and climate.
=650  \0$aBuilding, Stormproof.
=650  \0$aFlood damage prevention.
=650  \0$aHouse construction$xClimatic factors.
=650  \0$aRain penetration.
=650  \0$aWater intrusion.
=650  \0$aWind-driven rain.
=650  \0$aRainwater entry.
=650  14$aRainwater entry.
=650  24$aRain penetration.
=650  24$aWall performance testing.
=650  24$aWater intrusion.
=650  24$aWind-driven rain.
=650  24$aExtreme value analysis.
=700  1\$aLacasse, M. A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101210.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101211
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101211$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101211$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA435
=082  04$a690/.0218 s$223
=100  1\$aLaTona, Raymond W.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aHow to Detect and Observe Hidden Window Leaks Using Infrared Thermography /$cRaymond W. LaTona, Octavian Vlagea.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b7
=520  3\$aWater intrusion through residential window assemblies is one of the leading causes of damage to the interior. The source is frequently the result of failed seals at window frame jamb/sill intersections or incorrectly installed window flashings. To find the source of and pinpoint the cause(s) of this type of leakage can be destructive, time consuming, and results in high investigation and repair costs. Several instruments can be used to detect and trace water intrusion nondestructively; the most popular are conductive or capacitance-type meters. These meters measure the electrical properties of building materials to indicate wet or dry materials. Often, the readings may be falsely interpreted as an indication of elevated moisture levels when metal is present in the region of the readings. Infrared thermography is successfully being used to detect and trace leakage in building envelopes. Its ability to detect and graphically display heat radiated from a target building area enables an operator to quickly detect leakage with very little interpretation. Although this technology is not new, its use for building envelope diagnostics is new; capabilities in this area are still being discovered. We recently conducted an infrared thermography survey to detect water intrusion at interior window sill regions from failed window frame corner assemblies. The investigative team also used a time-lapse survey to visually track the leakage path. We verified the leak with a capacitance-type meter and through visual observation of materials that became wet from the leak. An infrared thermography survey provides another useful method for quickly and efficiently detecting this type of window leakage.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aRoofs$xMoisture$xMeasurement.
=650  \0$aNondestructive testing.
=650  \0$aRoofing$xTesting.
=650  \0$aInfrared.
=650  \0$aMoisture.
=650  \0$aWindow leaks.
=650  \0$aThermography.
=650  14$aNondestructive testing.
=650  24$aInfrared.
=650  24$aThermography.
=650  24$aMoisture.
=650  24$aWindow leaks.
=700  1\$aVlagea, Octavian,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101211.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101214
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101214$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101214$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.38
=082  04$a620.1126$223
=100  1\$aKanematsu, Wataru,$eauthor.
=245  10$aRelative Comparison Method of Rolling Contact Fatigue Performance of Silicon Nitrides by Stepwise Loading Balls-on-Flat Test—A Candidate for Standard Practice for Comparison of RCF Performance /$cWataru Kanematsu.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b33
=520  3\$aWe have demonstrated a simple comparison method for rolling contact fatigue (RCF) performance of silicon nitrides using the balls-on-flat RCF test under stepwise loading. The RCF performance was evaluated by the mean effective mechanical input (Min)m which is the product of the mean effective load Pm, calculated from test loads and revolutions during the dwell time for each load, and the number of load cycles. The test materials were six kinds of commercially available silicon nitride, four of bearing-grade silicon nitrides (BG) and two general purpose ones (GP). The minimum test loads were 1 and 0.5 kN for BG and GP, respectively. The load was increased stepwise with each step 107 contact cycles unless failure of the specimen was detected by the acceleration pickup mounted on the loading arm of the testing machine. The balls and test specimen were immersed in mineral oil with kinematic viscosities of 8 mm2/s for BG and 68 mm2/s for GP. A clear distinction in (Min)m was made among the BG, and the GP have lower (Min)m compared to BG, despite small differences in conventional mechanical properties such as Vickers hardness, fracture toughness, and elastic modulus. The results of the balls-on-flat RCF test under constant load for one BG lend support to the hypothesis that the loading history in stepwise loading can be converted to the mean effective load Pm. It is also supported by the fact that classification of failure mechanisms in stepwise loading is similar to that for a constant load of 4 kN, which is close to the mean of Pm of the material. These results imply the viability of a standardized comparison method for RCF performance of bearing-grade silicon nitrides as well as screening for poor performance materials.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMaterials$xFatigue.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aMaterials.
=650  \0$aMean effective load.
=650  \0$aSilicon nitride.
=650  \0$aStepwise loading.
=650  \0$aBalls-on-flat.
=650  14$aRolling contact fatigue.
=650  24$aStepwise loading.
=650  24$aBalls-on-flat.
=650  24$aMean effective load.
=650  24$aSilicon nitride.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101214.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101217
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101217$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101217$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA4
=082  04$a620.11$223
=100  1\$aTakeuchi, Yoshimi R.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aThermal Conductance of Ball Bearings in Vacuum :$bA Review /$cYoshimi R. Takeuchi, James T. Dickey, Matthew A. Eby, Sean E. Davis.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b19
=520  3\$aIn vacuum, heat transfer across a rotational device is usually governed by conductance across its bearings. The Aerospace Corporation experimentally measured this property and performed parametric studies to gain an understanding of the influence of operational variables such as temperature and preload. This paper explores the findings and compares conclusions presented by both the authors and previous researchers. A thorough literature review was carried out for this purpose. Thermal conductance and its response to operational variables was found to be different between static and moving bearings, as well as lubricated and dry conditions.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aElectrical engineering.
=650  \0$aBall-bearings$xThermal properties.
=650  \0$aDynamic.
=650  \0$aStatic.
=650  \0$aThermal conductance.
=650  \0$aThermal resistance.
=650  \0$aOil lubrication.
=650  \0$aSolid lubrication.
=650  \0$aBearings.
=650  14$aBearings.
=650  24$aThermal conductance.
=650  24$aThermal resistance.
=650  24$aSolid lubrication.
=650  24$aDry.
=650  24$aOil lubrication.
=650  24$aStatic.
=650  24$aDynamic.
=700  1\$aDickey, James T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aEby, Matthew A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDavis, Sean E.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101217.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101223
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101223$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101223$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTJ1071
=082  04$a621.8/22$223
=100  1\$aLince, Jeffrey R.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aTribochemistry of Multiply Alkylated Cyclopentane Oils on Diamond-like Carbon (DLC) Coated Thrust Bearings /$cJeffrey R. Lince, Patricia A. Bertrand, Osman L. Eryilmaz, Ali Erdemir.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b21
=520  3\$aIn contrast to typical diamond-like carbon (DLC) coatings, hydrogenated DLC (H-DLC) coatings have demonstrated extremely low friction in vacuum and dry atmospheres. This behavior suggests the coatings’ potential importance for spacecraft applications. However, most studies have concentrated on sliding wear testing, with relatively few concerning their use on ball bearings. We have conducted a preliminary study of H-DLC-coated steel thrust bearings, lubricated with a multiply alkylated cyclopentane (MAC) oil, either unformulated (NSO2001A), or formulated with lead naphthenate (Pbnp) or an aryl phosphate ester mixture (NSO2001). To determine if the additives could provide life enhancement when using H-DLC coatings, post-test analyses of the bearing surfaces were conducted using electron microscopy and Auger electron spectroscopy, and analysis of the residual lubricant was conducted using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Minimal additive-based tribofilm formation was detected on the surfaces of the H-DLC coatings in the wear tracks relative to that with steels. For example, using Pbnp resulted in considerably thicker Pb-containing tribofilms on the uncoated bearing surfaces compared to the H-DLC-coated surfaces. The results indicate that additives suitable for steels may not be appropriate for H-DLC coatings. The high roughness of the bearings used in this study contributed to local spallation of H-DLC at asperities in the wear track. When tested with NSO2001 or NSO2001A oil, several H-DLC-coated bearings endured for significantly longer than uncoated bearings (>10 Mcycles) tested with the same oils. However, the variation and magnitude of the bearing roughness contributed to statistical uncertainty regarding the endurance enhancement of H-DLC coatings. Future studies are planned with higher quality bearings.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBall-bearings$xLubrication.
=650  \0$aHydrodynamics.
=650  \0$aRolling contact.
=650  \0$aFriction wear testing.
=650  \0$aDiamond-like carbon.
=650  \0$aBall bearings.
=650  \0$aLubricant additives.
=650  \0$aTribochemistry.
=650  14$aDiamond-like carbon.
=650  24$aSpacecraft lubrication.
=650  24$aBall bearings.
=650  24$aTribochemistry.
=650  24$aLubricant additives.
=650  24$aFriction wear testing.
=700  1\$aBertrand, Patricia A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aEryilmaz, Osman L.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aErdemir, Ali,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101223.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101224
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101224$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101224$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.74
=082  04$a620.11223$223
=100  1\$aTian, Harry H.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCoriolis Erosion Testing Approach for Relatively Thick Coatings /$cHarry H. Tian, Graeme R. Addie.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b21
=520  3\$aTo meet the challenge of wear and corrosion attack in various applications, coating has been an effective protection approach for the work surface of engineering components, including slurry pump wet-end parts (e.g., impellers, liners, and shells). The coated wear parts that handle flowing slurry are exposed to both sliding and impact erosion along with possible corrosion factors. In such erosive wear conditions, relatively thick coatings including overlays may be needed to extend service life of the wear components. Different wear testing methods have been used to evaluate the tribological properties of coating materials under both dry and wet wear conditions. Previous studies have shown that Coriolis erosion testing is a valuable and effective approach to study erosive wear behaviors of materials in flowing slurry conditions such as within a centrifugal slurry pump system. Although extensive research can be found on wear of hard coating materials, coating erosive wear research conducted using Coriolis wear testing methods is very limited. This paper demonstrates that Coriolis erosion testing can be applicable for both sliding and impact wear on relatively thick coatings (typically, 250 μm or thicker). By adjusting test parameters within the Coriolis erosion testing system, such as flow rate (or solids particle velocity), solids type, size, and concentration, and impact angle, various types of coatings can be tested for different erosive wear conditions. Through such Coriolis erosion testing, erosion rate and tribological characteristics of coatings can be determined and evaluated. The coating examples used in this study include NiCrSiB, NiWCrSiB, WC-NiCrSiB, and WC-Co-Cr coatings produced with flame-spray, sintering and/or high-velocity-oxygen-fuel (HVOF) and high-velocity-air-fuel (HVAF) processes. Some related factors have also been discussed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMaterials$xErosion.
=650  \0$aCorrosion and anti-corrosives.
=650  \0$aMaterials$xDeterioration.
=650  \0$aSlurry.
=650  \0$aAnticorrosivos.
=650  \0$aErosion.
=650  \0$aCoriolis wear testing.
=650  \0$aSlurry erosion.
=650  \0$aThick coatings.
=650  14$aThick coatings.
=650  24$aSlurry erosion.
=650  24$aSliding and impact wear.
=650  24$aCoriolis wear testing.
=700  1\$aAddie, Graeme R.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101224.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101227
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101227$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101227$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.72
=082  04$a620.1/1292$223
=100  1\$aShaffer, S. J.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aWear and Friction Testing of Hard and Soft Lubricious Coatings in Dry Sliding for Use in Small Arms Action Components /$cS. J. Shaffer.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b1
=520  3\$aUse of liquid lubricants in dry and dusty environments can lead to malfunction or jamming of small arms weapon actions. To eliminate the need for liquid lubricants, dry or “lubricious” coatings are desired for various key interfaces of such components. The tribological performance of a variety of coatings was assessed under unlubricated sliding conditions to simulate a pin-in-slot component geometry. Coating screening tests were run using a cylinder-on-flat geometry and self-mated coated couples. Tests were run in both reciprocating and unidirectional modes, with sliding velocities up to 3.6 m/s, at room temperature and 150°C. Progressive wear of the coating was monitored using a replicating technique and the measured width of the wear scar on the cylindrical pin, from which the wear coefficient was determined. Failure of the coating was determined not by visual wear-through of the coating, which can be misleading, but by an increase in the coefficient of friction (COF) and/or the occurrence of galling. In the high speed unidirectional tests, friction could be measured directly. However, in the reciprocating tests, test rig design limited the speed at which the COF could be determined. An improved rig design resulted from this work. The screening tests ranked the tribological performance of the coatings using the coefficient of friction, the wear coefficient, and number of cycles to coating failure. The coating types assessed covered a broad range of hardness, composition, and deposition methods. Coating types investigated included hard vapor-deposited TiCN coatings, relatively soft organic PTFE-filled resin-bonded coatings, modified anodized coatings (for aluminum), electroless nickel alloy coatings, PTFE-filled electroless nickel coatings, phosphate pre-treatment combined with dry-film burnished MoS2, and a ferritic nitro-carburizing treatment. Substrates included medium carbon steel, D2 tool steel, and 6061-T6 aluminum.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMaterials$xTesting.
=650  \0$aFriction.
=650  \0$aMechanical wear.
=650  \0$aErosion.
=650  \0$aPin-on-side.
=650  \0$aUnlubricated testing.
=650  \0$aCoating friction.
=650  \0$aCoating wear.
=650  14$aCoating wear.
=650  24$aReciprocating sliding.
=650  24$aUnlubricated testing.
=650  24$aCoating friction.
=650  24$aPin-on-side.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101227.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101229
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101229$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101229$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH2431
=082  04$a695$223
=100  1\$aMukhopadhyaya, Phalguni,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCritical Evaluation of Existing Specifications for Polyisocyanurate (ISO) Foam Insulation Boards in Roofing Applications /$cPhalguni Mukhopadhyaya, Bas Baskaran, Nicole Normandin, John Lackey, Sebastian Evoniak.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b14
=520  3\$aIn North America, more than 50 % of low slope roofing applications uses faced rigid cellular polyisocyanurate (hereafter abbreviated as ISO) board as thermal insulation. Long-term performance of a roof assembly is critically dependent on the ISO characteristics during the service period in various environmental conditions. For this reason, the ASTM C 1289-02, “Standard Specification for Rigid Cellular Polyisocyanurate Thermal Insulation Board,” outlines the physical and thermal property requirements for the ISO boards. However, these requirements are based on the available knowledge, information, and consensus at the time of drafting and balloting of the ASTM standard. Nevertheless, the standard gets updated and revised when more credible data are available that solicits revisions of the current standard. This paper presents experimental results from an ongoing pilot research study that critically evaluates the ASTM C 1289-02 specification requirements for the ISO on three engineering properties: (1) dimensional stability, (2) thermal resistance, and (3) compressive strength. Preliminary results from this study reveal many unknown phenomena, particularly regarding the dimensional stability and compressive strength of ISO boards.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aRoofing$xStandards$xUnited States.
=650  \0$aShingles$xStandards.
=650  \0$aStrength of materials$xStandards.
=650  \0$aWind resistant design.
=650  \0$aThermal resistance.
=650  \0$aCompressive strength.
=650  \0$aDimensional stability.
=650  \0$aRoofing assembly.
=650  14$aPolyisocyanurate (ISO) foam.
=650  24$aDimensional stability.
=650  24$aThermal resistance.
=650  24$aCompressive strength.
=650  24$aRoofing assembly.
=700  1\$aBaskaran, Bas,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNormandin, Nicole,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLackey, John,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aEvoniak, Sebastian,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101229.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101230
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101230$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101230$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN689.2
=082  04$a669.95$223
=100  1\$aEvans, Kenneth J.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMeasuring the Repassivation Potential of Alloy 22 Using the Potentiodynamic-Galvanostatic-Potentiostatic Method /$cKenneth J. Evans, Raul B. Rebak.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b36
=520  3\$aTraditionally, the susceptibility of Alloy 22 (N06022) to suffer crevice corrosion has been measured using the Cyclic Potentiodynamic Polarization (CPP) technique (ASTM G 61). When the alloy is not very susceptible to crevice corrosion, the values of repassivation potential obtained using the CPP technique are not highly reproducible. To circumvent the large uncertainty in the values of the repassivation potential by the CPP method, the repassivation potential of Alloy 22 may be measured using a slower method that combines sequentially potentiodynamic, galvanostatic, and potentiostatic treatments (this method is called the Tsujikawa-Hisamatsu Electrochemical or THE method). In the THE method the anodic charge is applied to the specimen in a more controlled manner, which avoids driving the alloy to transpassivity and therefore results in more reproducible repassivation potential values. Results using THE method under various testing conditions are presented. A new standard has been prepared for ASTM balloting for the THE method. The round robin matrix results are also discussed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMicrostructure$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aCorrosion and anti-corrosives.
=650  \0$aMetallography.
=650  \0$aCrevice corrosion.
=650  \0$aRound robin.
=650  14$aN06022.
=650  24$aCrevice corrosion.
=650  24$aRepassivation potential.
=650  24$aRound robin.
=700  1\$aRebak, Raul B.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101230.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101233
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101233$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101233$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTL795.5
=082  04$a629.47/1$223
=100  1\$aHoffmann, W. Clint,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSpray Adjuvant Effects on Droplet Size Spectra Measured by Three Laser-Based Systems in a High-Speed Wind Tunnel /$cW. Clint Hoffmann, A. J. Hewitt, J. B. Ross, W. E. Bagley, D. E. Martin, B. K. Fritz.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b22
=520  3\$aSpray droplet size has long been recognized as the most important variable that aerial applicators can influence to mitigate spray drift from the application site. There are several different technologies that are used by researchers to measure droplet size from spray nozzles. The objective of these studies was to determine the influence of eight spray adjuvants on the droplet size spectrum produced by two nozzles in a high-speed wind tunnel when characterized using three different droplet size measurement systems. The adjuvant, nozzles, and airspeeds used in these studies are commonly used by aerial applicators. Three droplet sizing systems (Malvern laser diffraction, PMS optical array probe, and LaVision laser imaging) were simultaneously operated to measure the spray droplet size spectra for each adjuvant, airspeed, and nozzle combination. Two spray nozzles (a D6-46 nozzle and a D2 straight stream nozzle) were evaluated in a high-speed wind tunnel at airspeeds of 45 and 58 m/sec. There were significant differences in the droplet size spectra produced by the eight spray adjuvants tested. There were also significant differences between the droplet size values reported by the three measurement systems (Malvern, LaVision, and PMS) evaluated; however, there was considerable agreement trendwise. In general, the Malvern reported smaller spray droplet size spectra values than the LaVision, while the PMS system generally reported the largest spray droplet size spectra values. These tests are the first reported studies where all three droplet sizing systems were operated simultaneously.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aReusable space vehicles.
=650  \0$aWind tunnel testing.
=650  \0$aDroplet size.
=650  \0$aAerial application.
=650  \0$aLaser diffraction.
=650  \0$aAdjuvants.
=650  \0$aDroplet measurement.
=650  14$aAdjuvants.
=650  24$aAerial application.
=650  24$aLaser diffraction.
=650  24$aDroplet imaging system.
=650  24$aDroplet measurement.
=650  24$aDroplet size.
=700  1\$aHewitt, A. J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRoss, J. B.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBagley, W. E.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMartin, D. E.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFritz, B. K.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101233.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101236
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101236$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101236$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.9.C6
=082  04$a620.118$223
=100  1\$aOfori-Amanfo, Collins,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCondensation Damage Behind Self-Adhering Membrane Flashing and Interior Furnishings on Exterior Residential Walls /$cCollins Ofori-Amanfo, Matthew J. Spink.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aThis paper will present case studies of condensation damage behind self-adhering membranes installed around windows and other penetrations in exterior walls, as well as case studies of condensation damage behind large interior furnishings installed on the interior surfaces of exterior walls, and in unventilated spaces in Minnesota. The self-adhering membranes that are often used to integrate water-resistive barriers with residential doors and windows can, under certain conditions, lead to condensation and subsequent damage. While wider membranes help prevent inward movement of liquid water to the sheathing and stud framing, they also inhibit outward movement of interior water vapor. By increasing the distance that outward moving vapor must travel, wide membrane flashings trap moisture that can condense in cold climates and cause deterioration of degradable materials. In cold climate regions, condensation damage can also occur in exterior walls behind furnishings such as large mirrors and large cabinets. These interior decorations act as thermal reflectors and prevent interior heat from migrating into the exterior walls. When moisture behind these thermal reflectors is cooled below the dew point, condensation and related deterioration of the wall framing can occur. This paper discusses suggestions for the width of applied self-adhered membranes in cold climate regions and recommends locations for thermally reflecting interior furnishings.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aProperty damage.
=650  \0$aResidential buildings.
=650  \0$aHazard control.
=650  \0$aRoofs.
=650  \0$aWindows.
=650  \0$aWalls.
=650  \0$aCondensation damage.
=650  \0$aPan flashing.
=650  \0$aWater intrusion.
=650  \0$aInward water movement.
=650  14$aWater intrusion.
=650  24$aCondensation damage.
=650  24$aSelf-adhering membrane.
=650  24$aPan flashing.
=650  24$aWater-resistive barrier.
=650  24$aInward water movement.
=650  24$aOutward moisture movement.
=700  1\$aSpink, Matthew J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101236.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101239
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101239$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101239$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA478
=082  04$a620.1/7/23$223
=100  1\$aHe, X.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCrevice Corrosion of Grade-12 Titanium /$cX. He, J. J. Noël, D. W. Shoesmith.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b31
=520  3\$aThe crevice corrosion of ASTM grade-12 titanium (Ti-12; 0.8 wt  % Ni, 0.3 wt  % Mo) has been studied in neutral 0.27 mol/L NaCl at temperatures up to 120°C using a galvanic coupling technique. The results were compared to those of similar experiments conducted on ASTM grade-2 titanium (Ti-2) specimens containing various amounts of iron impurity. The microstructural properties of the Ti-12 were determined by standard metallographic techniques and transmission electron microscopy. Penetration depth profiles were determined using metallographic and image analysis techniques. The redistribution of alloying elements (Ni, Mo) and impurities (Fe), and the location of absorbed hydrogen, were determined by secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) imaging. The rate and extent of crevice propagation were significantly suppressed on Ti-12 compared to Ti-2, especially at higher temperature (120°C). Up to 97 % of the total amount of crevice propagation was driven by proton reduction inside the creviced area rather than by oxygen reduction outside the crevice. SIMS imaging shows that Ni accumulates on the corroding surface, probably in the form of residual Ti2Ni particles. Proton reduction is catalyzed on these particles, leading to their hydriding and an increase in the relative area of internal cathodes compared to available anodic surface area. This self-induced “cathodic modification” effect leads to repassivation of the corroded site before extensive damage can be sustained.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aTitane$xAlliages$xCorrosion sous tension.
=650  \0$aAluminum alloys$xStress corrosion.
=650  \0$aSteel alloys$xStress corrosion.
=650  \0$aTitanium alloys$xStress corrosion.
=650  \0$aCrevice corrosion.
=650  \0$aTitanium alloy.
=650  14$aTitanium alloy.
=650  24$aCrevice corrosion.
=700  1\$aNoël, J. J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aShoesmith, D. W.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101239.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101240
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101240$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101240$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP248.25.B55
=082  04$a660/.6$223
=100  1\$aSooknah, Reeta,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPerformance of An Enzyme Electrode Designed for a Sulfide Monitoring Biosensor /$cReeta Sooknah, Sankara Papavinasam, Michael Attard, R. Winston Revie, W. Douglas Gould, Orlando Dinardo.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b26
=520  3\$aThe construction and evaluation of an enzyme electrode designed for a sulfide monitoring biosensor, are reported in this work. The enzyme, which is immobilized in a carbon (graphite) paste with 1,1′ dimethylferrocene, catalyzes the oxidation of sulfide to sulfur.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBioreactors.
=650  \0$aElectrochemical sensors.
=650  \0$aBiotechnological process control.
=650  \0$aBiotechnological process monitoring.
=650  \0$aBiosensing Techniques.
=650  \0$aEnzyme electrode.
=650  \0$aSulfide oxidase.
=650  \0$aSulfide monitoring.
=650  14$aSulfide monitoring.
=650  24$aElectrochemical biosensor.
=650  24$aEnzyme electrode.
=650  24$aSulfide oxidase.
=700  1\$aPapavinasam, Sankara,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAttard, Michael,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRevie, R. Winston,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGould, W. Douglas,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDinardo, Orlando,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101240.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101241
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101241$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101241$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.74
=082  04$a620.11223$223
=100  1\$aFrankel, Gerald S.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aElectrochemical Techniques in Corrosion :$bStatus, Limitations, and Needs /$cGerald S. Frankel.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (27 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b114
=520  3\$aThe corrosion of metals occurs primarily by electrochemical processes involving metal oxidation and simultaneous reduction of some other species. The fundamental understanding of these processes has allowed the development of a number of electrochemical techniques for the study of the corrosion phenomena and assessment of the corrosion rate. In fact, electrochemical techniques are so ingrained in the field that many practitioners think of corrosion rates first in terms of current density rather than thickness or mass loss per unit time. Standard approaches for electrochemical corrosion rate determination are commonly used in the field for on-line monitoring of systems and facilities. Electrochemistry also provides powerful tools for developing fundamental understanding of corrosion phenomena. However, there are some limitations to the abilities of current electrochemical techniques and some needs for the future. This paper describes the status of electrochemical techniques, their limitations, where non-electrochemical methods are required, and future needs in the field.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCorrosion and anti-corrosives$xMeasurement.
=650  \0$aElectrochemical sensors.
=650  \0$aCorrosion.
=650  \0$aElectrochemical tests.
=650  14$aElectrochemical tests.
=650  24$aCorrosion.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101241.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101242
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101242$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101242$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTT390
=082  04$a645/.2$223
=100  1\$aMathis, R. Christopher,$eauthor.
=245  10$aWhat We Do Not Know :$bPerspectives on Wall-Window Combinations and Performance Assurance We Have yet to Address /$cR. Christopher Mathis, Steve Johnson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b7
=520  3\$aCollaborative efforts over several years resulted in the development of ASTM E2112, “Standard Practice for the Installation of Exterior Windows, Doors and Skylights”. Individuals from the window, sealant, and air barrier industries were involved in the development of the standard. Development of the standard was driven by a desire to reduce water leakage attributed to window installation practices, particularly in residential and light commercial construction. A consensus document addressing the installation of fenestration units in residential and light commercial construction was believed to be needed. While many believe that the development of ASTM E2112 has helped to reduce the prevalence of leaking installations, the Standard, even in its most updated form (ASTM E2112-07), still has significant limitations. This paper addresses some of the limitations of the Standard and is intended to provoke the further development and documentation of installation techniques for a wide array of wall-window combinations that are not yet addressed in ASTM E2112.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aDraperies.
=650  \0$anterior decoration.
=650  \0$aWall coverings.
=650  \0$aWindow shades.
=650  \0$aCode compliance.
=650  \0$aPerformance.
=650  \0$aWater performance.
=650  \0$aBuilder training.
=650  \0$aRisk.
=650  \0$aDesign loads.
=650  \0$aWindows.
=650  \0$aDurability.
=650  \0$aEnergy efficiency.
=650  \0$aSustainability.
=650  14$aWindows.
=650  24$aWalls.
=650  24$aPerformance.
=650  24$aRisk.
=650  24$aEnergy efficiency.
=650  24$aWater performance.
=650  24$aDesign loads.
=650  24$aGlass.
=650  24$aStructural performance.
=650  24$aCode compliance.
=650  24$aBuilder training.
=650  24$aDurability.
=650  24$aSustainability.
=700  1\$aJohnson, Steve,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101242.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101244
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101244$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101244$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN871.5
=082  04$a665.5$223
=100  1\$aDemoz, Alebachew,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMeasurement of Corrosion Potentials of the Internal Surface of Operating High-Pressure Oil and Gas Pipelines /$cAlebachew Demoz, Sankara Papavinasam, Kirk Michaelian, R. Winston Revie.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aCorrosion potential is a fundamental electrochemical parameter critical to understanding the thermodynamic aspects of corrosion. Many corrosion theories are based on corrosion potentials. Corrosion potential is routinely and easily measured in the laboratory. In order to transfer this scientific knowledge from the laboratory to the field, it is necessary to determine the corrosion potential under operating field conditions. In this paper, the unique challenges measuring corrosion potentials in an industrial environment are described using measurements of the corrosion potentials of the internal surfaces of pipelines as examples.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aOil fields$xEquipment and supplies$xCorrosion.
=650  \0$aOil wells$xEquipment and supplies$xCorrosion.
=650  \0$aCorrosion and anti-corrosives.
=650  \0$aPetroleum pipelines$xCorrosion.
=650  \0$aCorrosion potential.
=650  14$aAg/AgCl reference electrode.
=650  24$aCorrosion potential.
=650  24$aInternal pipe potential.
=650  24$aPseudo-reference electrode.
=700  1\$aPapavinasam, Sankara,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMichaelian, Kirk,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRevie, R. Winston,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101244.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101246
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101246$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101246$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD116.I57
=082  04$a543/.4$223
=100  1\$aPapavinasam, Sankara,$eauthor.
=245  10$aElectrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Measurement during Cathodic Disbondment Experiment of Pipeline Coatings /$cSankara Papavinasam, Michael Attard, R. Winston Revie.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (17 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b90
=520  3\$aModified cathodic disbondment (CD) experiments were carried out over a period of 14 months using 13 coatings used to protect the external surfaces of oil and gas pipelines. During the experiments, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) data were recorded, and after the experiments the cathodic disbondment area was measured. From the EIS data, the increase in coating capacitance was determined. Based on the comparison of coating capacitance values obtained from EIS data with the cathodic disbondment data, the coatings were broadly divided into three types: (1) high-performance coatings that did not disbond despite increasing coating capacitance; (2) poor-performance coatings that disbonded more than predicted from the increase in coating capacitance; and (3) average-performance coatings that disbonded at a rate proportional to the increase in coating capacitance.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aLinear systems$xMathematical models.
=650  \0$aImpedance spectroscopy$xResearch$xExperiments.
=650  \0$aElectrochemical analysis$xExperiments.
=650  \0$aFault tolerance (Engineering)
=650  \0$aLithium ion batteries$xResearch$xTesting$xAnalysis.
=650  \0$aPipeline coating.
=650  \0$aOil and gas.
=650  \0$aPipelines.
=650  \0$aCathodic disbondment.
=650  \0$aFusion bonded epoxy.
=650  14$aElectrochemical impedance spectroscopy.
=650  24$aPipeline coating.
=650  24$aCathodic disbondment.
=650  24$aFusion bonded epoxy.
=650  24$aOil and gas.
=650  24$aPipelines.
=650  24$aFBE.
=700  1\$aAttard, Michael,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRevie, R. Winston,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101246.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101247
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101247$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101247$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTJ930
=082  04$a665.5/44$223
=100  1\$aPapavinasam, Sankara,$eauthor.
=245  10$aElectrochemical Quartz Crystal Microbalance Technique to Monitor External Polymeric Pipeline Coatings /$cSankara Papavinasam, Michael Attard, R. Winston Revie.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b21
=520  3\$aElectrochemical Quartz Crystal Microbalance (EQCM) can be used to monitor changes in several material properties, including mass, electrochemical, viscosity, adsorption, and deposition. In this paper, EQCM was evaluated to determine if it can monitor changes to the metal-coating interface well before any visible/physical changes to the coating. Modified cathodic disbondment (CD) experiments were carried out over a period of 14 months on 13 coatings used to protect the external surfaces of oil and gas pipelines. During the experiments, EQCM measurements were recorded by placing the quartz crystal at the coating-steel interface. After the experiments, the CD area was measured and compared with the EQCM measurements. Of the 117 panels of 13 different pipeline coatings tested, for 67 % of coatings EQCM correctly predicted the coating performance. Twenty-five percent of coatings performed better than that predicted from EQCM data. Only for 8 % of coatings EQCM measurements predicted better performance but the coatings disbonded during CD area measurement. Based on these observations it was concluded that microscopic changes to the metal-coating interface could be assessed from oscillation frequency of the EQCM crystal placed at the metal-coating interface. However, in order to obtain useful information, extreme care should be exercised in placing the fragile EQCM crystal at the metal-coating interface.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPipelines $vHandbooks, manuals, etc.
=650  \0$aPipeline coating.
=650  \0$aOil and gas.
=650  \0$aPipelines.
=650  \0$aCathodic disbondment.
=650  \0$aFusion bonded epoxy.
=650  14$aElectrochemical quartz crystal microbalance (EQCM)
=650  24$aPipeline coating.
=650  24$aCathodic disbondment.
=650  24$aFusion bonded epoxy.
=650  24$aOil and gas.
=650  24$aPipelines.
=650  24$aFBE.
=700  1\$aAttard, Michael,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRevie, R. Winston,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101247.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101248
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101248$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101248$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA479.S7
=082  04$a620.1/7$223
=100  1\$aCong, H.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aUse of Coupled Multi-Electrode Arrays to Advance the Understanding of Selected Corrosion Phenomena /$cH. Cong, F. Bocher, N. D. Budiansky, M. F. Hurley, J. R. Scully.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (26 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b68
=520  3\$aThe use of coupled multi-electrode arrays in various corrosion applications is discussed with the main goal of advancing the understanding of various corrosion phenomena. Both close-packed and far-spaced electrode configurations are discussed. Far-spaced electrode arrays are optimized for high throughput experiments capable of elucidating the effects of various variables on corrosion properties. For instance, the effects of a statistical distribution of flaws on corrosion properties can be examined. Close-packed arrays enable unprecedented spatial and temporal information on the behavior of local anodes and cathodes. Interactions between corrosion sites can trigger or inhibit corrosion phenomena and affect corrosion damage evolution.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aStainless steel$xCorrosion.
=650  \0$aCorrosion and anti-corrosives.
=650  \0$aCorrosion in concrete.
=650  \0$aCarbon steel.
=650  \0$aStainless steel.
=650  \0$aCrevice corrosion.
=650  \0$aPitting corrosion.
=650  \0$aCopper.
=650  14$aCoupled multi-electrode array.
=650  24$aCarbon steel.
=650  24$aCopper.
=650  24$aStainless steel.
=650  24$aCorrosion in concrete.
=650  24$aCrevice corrosion.
=650  24$aIntergranular corrosion.
=650  24$aPitting corrosion.
=700  1\$aBocher, F.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBudiansky, N. D.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHurley, M. F.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aScully, J. R.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101248.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101251
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101251$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101251$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTD321.A1
=082  04$a628.10994$223
=100  1\$aLoveday, David,$eauthor.
=245  10$aComparison of Corrosion Rate Measurement of Copper, Zinc, and C1018 Steel Using Electrochemical Frequency Modulation and Traditional Methods /$cDavid Loveday, Robert Rodgers.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aExperimental aspects of making corrosion rate measurements with the electrochemical frequency modulation technique (EFM) have been discussed. Corrosion rate and corrosion kinetic parameters can be obtained without prior knowledge of the Tafel slopes. Several cases were considered using a dummy cell designed to mimic a corrosion reaction. These approaches were then applied to copper, zinc, and carbon steel samples and the results were compared to more traditional electrochemical techniques like polarization resistance and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Good agreement has been observed between traditional methods and EFM.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBrass$xCorrosion$xTesting.
=650  \0$aCopper-zinc alloys$xCorrosion$xTesting.
=650  \0$aSegregation (Metallurgy)
=650  \0$aDrinking water$xContamination.
=650  14$aElectrochemical frequency modulation.
=650  24$aCorrosion rate measurement.
=650  24$aImpedance polarization resistance.
=700  1\$aRodgers, Robert,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101251.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101253
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101253$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101253$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.74
=082  04$a620.11223$223
=100  1\$aYang, Lietai,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Review of Coupled Multielectrode Array Sensors for Corrosion Monitoring and a Study on the Behaviors of the Anodic and Cathodic Electrodes /$cLietai Yang, K. T. Chiang.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b90
=520  3\$aLocalized corrosion is often the cause of many failures and unplanned shutdowns in industry. For example, statistics have shown that more than 80 % of the corrosion-induced failures in the chemical processing industry are due to localized corrosion, rather than general corrosion. Thanks to the advancement in coupled multielectrode array sensors (CMAS) technology, localized corrosion rates can now be quantitatively measured. If interfaced with controllers, CMAS probes can be used to automatically control the dosing of corrosion inhibitors and reduce the cost for corrosion control. This paper presents an overview for the CMAS technology and the experimental data that verifies the working principles of the CMAS for localized corrosion rate measurement.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCorrosion and anti-corrosives$xMeasurement.
=650  \0$aElectrochemical sensors.
=650  \0$aCorrosion monitoring.
=650  \0$aArray sensor.
=650  \0$aCorrosion sensor.
=650  \0$aMultielectrode sensor.
=650  \0$aMultielectrode array.
=650  14$aMultielectrode sensor.
=650  24$aMulti-electrode sensor.
=650  24$aMultiple electrode sensor.
=650  24$aCorrosion monitoring.
=650  24$aCorrosion sensor.
=650  24$aLocalized corrosion sensor.
=650  24$aMultielectrode array.
=650  24$aCoupled multielectrode.
=650  24$aArray sensor.
=700  1\$aChiang, K. T.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101253.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101255
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
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=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101255$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101255$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.14
=082  04$a620.1/1233$223
=100  1\$aAllen, V. M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDetermination and Interpretation of Texture Evolution during Deformation of a Zirconium Alloy /$cV. M. Allen, J. Quinta da Fonseca, M. Preuss, J. D. Robson, M. Daymond, R. J. Comstock.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b21
=520  3\$aWorldwide, crystal plasticity models are currently developed to predict texture development during processing of material. Such models require a precise knowledge of the active deformation mechanisms. The activation energy for certain deformation modes will change with temperature and also depend on the chemistry of the alloy as well as the microstructure. Deformation mechanisms were studied in ZIRLO™ during room and high-temperature uniaxial compression testing. Materials with a strong crystallographic basal texture and a more random texture due to β-quenching were investigated with the aim of establishing the effect of temperature, microstructure, and texture on the active deformation modes during the initial stages of deformation. First, specimens were strained at room temperature, 180°C and 300°C to 2 % and 5 % or 10 % total strain and subsequently analyzed by Electron Back Scatter Diffraction (EBSD) to determine the texture evolution. It was found that a dramatic texture change was observed for all testing temperatures in the strongly textured specimen after only 5 % total strain, which can only be understood in terms of tensile twinning of {101¯2} ⟨1¯011⟩ being active mainly at room temperature and compressive twinning of {112¯2}⟨1¯1¯23⟩ being operational at room and elevated temperature. The β-quenched specimens did not show any evidence of texture change when strained to 10 %. In-situ intergranular strains were measured by time-of-flight neutron diffraction during continuous compressive loading. This information enabled the development of a crystal plasticity finite element model (CPFEM), which was subsequently used to predict the stress state in individual grains. It was found that in the strongly textured material the spread of intergranular strain in the {0002} grain family (normal pointing towards the ND direction) results in some grains being in compression even though the mean stresses are tensile, which could explain the activation of the observed compressive twinning. The crystal plasticity model also demonstrated that the observed texture changes in the strongly textured material, including those at high temperature, cannot be explained by slip alone even when ⟨c+a⟩ slip is considered. In addition, the model showed that the dramatic difference in yield strength of the two conditions studied here cannot be solely attributed to the difference in texture but that grain size plays an important role.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPlasticity.
=650  \0$aMicrostructure.
=650  \0$aTexture.
=650  \0$aPlasticity modelling.
=650  \0$aIntergranular strain.
=650  14$aZIRLO™.
=650  24$aMicrostructure.
=650  24$aTexture.
=650  24$aIntergranular strain.
=650  24$aPlasticity modelling.
=700  1\$aQuinta da Fonseca, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPreuss, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRobson, J. D.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDaymond, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aComstock, R. J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101255.htm

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=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101257$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101257$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN689.2
=082  04$a669.95$223
=100  1\$aMotta, A. T.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMicrostructural Characterization of Oxides Formed on Model Zr Alloys Using Synchrotron Radiation /$cA. T. Motta, M. J. Gomes da Silva, A. Yilmazbayhan, R. J. Comstock, Z. Cai, B. Lai.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (20 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b33
=520  3\$aTo understand how alloy chemistry and microstructure impact corrosion performance, oxide layers formed at different stages of corrosion on various model zirconium alloys (Zr-xFe-yCr, Zr-xCu-yMo, for various x, y) and control materials (pure Zr, Zircaloy-4) were examined to determine their structure and the connection of such structure to corrosion kinetics and oxide stability. Microbeam synchrotron radiation diffraction and fluorescence of oxide cross sections were used to determine the oxide phases present, grain size, and orientation relationships as a function of distance from the oxide-metal interface. The results show a wide variation of corrosion behavior among the alloys, in terms of the pretransition corrosion kinetics and in terms of the oxide susceptibility to breakaway corrosion. The alloys that exhibited protective behavior at 500°C also were protective during 360°C corrosion testing. The Zr-0.4Fe-0.2Cr model ternary alloy showed protective behavior and stable oxide growth throughout the test. The results of the examination of the oxide layers with microbeam X-ray diffraction show clear differences in the structure of protective and nonprotective oxides both at the oxide-metal interface and in the bulk of the oxide layer. The nonprotective oxide interfaces show a smooth transition from metal to oxide with metal diffraction peaks disappearing as the monoclinic oxide peaks appear. In contrast, the protective oxides showed a complex structure near the oxide-metal interface, showing peaks from Zr3O suboxide and a highly oriented tetragonal oxide phase with specific orientation relationships with the monoclinic oxide and the base metal. The same interfacial structures are observed through their diffraction signals in protective oxide layers formed during both 360°C and 500°C corrosion testing. These diffraction peaks showed much higher intensities in the samples from 500°C testing. The results for the various model alloys are discussed to help elucidate the role of individual alloying elements in oxide formation and the influence of oxide microstructure on the corrosion mechanism.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMicrostructure$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aCorrosion and anti-corrosives.
=650  \0$aMetallography.
=650  \0$aMicrostructure.
=650  \0$aCorrosion.
=650  \0$aX-ray diffraction.
=650  \0$aOxide phases.
=650  \0$aZirconium alloys.
=650  14$aZirconium alloys.
=650  24$aCorrosion.
=650  24$aX-ray diffraction.
=650  24$aOxide phases.
=700  1\$aGomes da Silva, M. J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aYilmazbayhan, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aComstock, R. J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aCai, Z.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLai, B.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101257.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101262
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101262$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101262$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTD899.R3
=082  04$a621.48/38$223
=100  1\$aAomi, Masaki,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEvaluation of Hydride Reorientation Behavior and Mechanical Properties for High-Burnup Fuel-Cladding Tubes in Interim Dry Storage /$cMasaki Aomi, Toshikazu Baba, Toshiyasu Miyashita, Katsuichiro Kamimura, Takayoshi Yasuda, Yasunari Shinohara, Toru Takeda.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (21 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b18
=520  3\$aThe hydride stress reorientation behavior and the mechanical properties of irradiated cladding tubes were investigated to evaluate the high-burnup fuel-cladding tube properties in interim dry storage. As for the boiling water reactor (BWR) Zircaloy-2 (Zry-2) cladding, the hydride reorientation to the radial direction occurred at relatively low hoop stresses during the hydride reorientation treatment (HRT), such as less than 70 MPa. The increase of reorientation with hoop stress was not monotonic for the specimens in which a part of the hydrides remained precipitated at the HRT temperature, such as the case for 50GWd/t type cladding at a 300°C HRT. The degree of reorientation depended on the HRT solution temperature rather than on the estimated temperature at which the hydride precipitation occurred under the relatively moderate HRT conditions. In the relatively low cooling rate HRT, the hydride preferential precipitation in the Zr liner increased for Zr lined cladding compared to that in a relatively high cooling rate. The ductility of the specimens after the 300°C HRT showed relatively good correlation to the Polymax index which reflects the length or continuity of the hydrides regardless of their orientation. The ductility of the specimens after the 400°C, 0 MPa, 30°C/h HRT increased in ring compression testing at room temperature compared to no HRT (as-irradiated) specimens, and it indicated recovery of irradiation damage occurred at the 400°C annealing temperature and affected the ductility of the irradiated Zry-2 cladding. As for the pressurized water reactor Zircaloy-4 cladding, little increase in the radial hydride ratio occurred in a 100 MPa, 340°C or less HRT. On the other hand, the amount and the length of the hydride in the midwall area of the cladding depended on the temperature and the cooling rate from the HRT due to hydrogen migration from the hydride rim area. It is deduced that the ductility in ring compression deformation was affected by the orientation, amount, and length of hydride in the midwall area.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAlpha-bearing wastes.
=650  \0$aNuclear fuel claddings.
=650  \0$aReactor fuel reprocessing$xWaste disposal.
=650  \0$aDry storage.
=650  \0$aFuel cladding tube.
=650  \0$aRadial hydride.
=650  \0$aHydride reorientation.
=650  \0$aHigh burnup.
=650  14$aFuel cladding tube.
=650  24$aZry-2.
=650  24$aZry-4.
=650  24$aMDA.
=650  24$aZIRLO.
=650  24$aDry storage.
=650  24$aHigh burnup.
=650  24$aHydride reorientation.
=650  24$aRadial hydride.
=700  1\$aBaba, Toshikazu,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMiyashita, Toshiyasu,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKamimura, Katsuichiro,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aYasuda, Takayoshi,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aShinohara, Yasunari,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTakeda, Toru,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101262.htm

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=001  JAI101270
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101270$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101270$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH2481
=082  04$a690/.15$223
=100  1\$aLacasse, M. A.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAssessing the Effectiveness of Wall-Window Interface Details to Manage Rainwater—Selected Results from Window Installation to a Wall Sheathed in Extruded Polystyrene /$cM. A. Lacasse, M. Armstrong, G. Ganapathy, M. Rousseau, S. M. Cornick, D. Bibee, D. Shuler, A. Hoffee.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (26 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b22
=520  3\$aThe detailing of wall-window interfaces and the consequences of defective installation of windows are an on-going concern in North America. This paper concerns laboratory evaluation of the water leakage performance of a select set of window-wall interface details. The details were for windows with mounting flanges installed in wood-frame walls sheathed with rigid extruded polystyrene foam. The tests were performed on a single full-scale test assembly in which two identical windows were installed by two similar but nonetheless different means. Each detail included a sill pan intended to collect water that gained entry into the assembly and thus was designed to be robust (tolerant of flaws). Tests were performed over a series of different water loading (spray) rates and over a series of different air pressure differentials at each spray rate. Air leakage rates through the window opening were monitored; they were controlled by a unique methodology. Leakage paths were introduced in the window frames, and these paths were alternatively blocked or opened to permit evaluation of the performance of the installation details under two different assumed conditions of window leakage. Air pressure distribution within the assemblies was monitored during spray testing. The wall assembly was designed to permit observation of water entry in it and to allow measurement of water entry to, or drainage from, various locations within the assembly. Results on water entry and management for the two wall-window interface configurations are given, and effectiveness of the details is discussed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFlashing (Building materials)
=650  \0$aRoof drainage.
=650  \0$aRoofs$xDesign and construction.
=650  \0$aFlashing.
=650  \0$aRainwater intrusion.
=650  \0$aWind-driven rain.
=650  \0$aLaboratory tests.
=650  \0$aWatertightness.
=650  14$aLaboratory tests.
=650  24$aRainwater intrusion.
=650  24$aWall-window interface.
=650  24$aWatertightness.
=650  24$aWindow installation details.
=650  24$aWind-driven rain.
=650  24$aExtruded polystyrene foam sheathing.
=650  24$aFlashing.
=700  1\$aArmstrong, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGanapathy, G.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRousseau, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aCornick, S. M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBibee, D.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aShuler, D.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHoffee, A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101270.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101271
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101271$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101271$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH6126
=082  04$a696/.1$223
=100  1\$aKatsaros, James D.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aExtreme Exposure Fenestration Installations—The Florida Challenge /$cJames D. Katsaros, Charles G. Carll.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (17 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aCurrent standards for installation of fenestration units, such as ASTM E2112-07, “Standard Practice for Installation of Exterior Windows, Doors and Skylights” do not address regional considerations, or how the level of wind and rain exposure could influence installation methodology. In the coastal southeastern United States, where extreme wind-driven rain events occur with some regularity, more robust methods than those prescribed in ASTM E2112-07 are necessary. In Florida, single family houses are commonly constructed with surface barrier concrete masonry walls on the first story, and membrane-drainage, wood-frame walls on the second story. This “hybrid” construction is unique, or virtually so, to Florida. Finned windows of a particular design are made expressly for installation in cement masonry unit (CMU) walls as commonly found in Florida homes. The special considerations that relate to residential construction in Florida were of concern to an industrial consortium. The consortium thus formed an Installation Committee to develop methods for fenestration installation that would be applicable to the wall systems commonly found in the coastal Southeast, with consideration of the high wind-driven rain loads that accompany tropical storms. This paper addresses two general installation methods proposed by the Installation Committee, and presents test data for wall assemblies incorporating fenestration units installed using the methods.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aWater quality management.
=650  \0$aWater-supply.
=650  \0$aPlumbing.
=650  \0$aExtreme exposure.
=650  \0$aFlashing.
=650  \0$aConstruction.
=650  \0$aAdhesives.
=650  \0$aBuildings.
=650  \0$aSealants.
=650  \0$aWindows.
=650  \0$aWater management.
=650  \0$aDurability.
=650  14$aConstruction.
=650  24$aWater management.
=650  24$aFlashing.
=650  24$aSealants.
=650  24$aExtreme exposure.
=650  24$aWindows.
=650  24$aBuildings.
=650  24$aDurability.
=650  24$aCMU.
=650  24$aAdhesives.
=650  24$aFlorida.
=700  1\$aCarll, Charles G.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101271.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101275
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101275$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101275$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTT390
=082  04$a747.5$223
=100  1\$aFlick, Loren D.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDesign Responsibility for Weathertight Perimeter Detailing for Non-Flanged Windows :$bCurrent Practices, Common Problems, and Possible Solutions /$cLoren D. Flick, Linda M. McGowan, Ned S. Kirschbaum, Craig D. Carson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b5
=520  3\$aArchitects typically design details for conditions around the perimeter of window openings prior to the final selection of the actual windows used in the building. This requires the architect to make reasonable, general details regarding the attachment of the window frames, the position of the windows in the wall cross-section, and the weathertight details around the perimeters of the windows. Often, once the final selection of the windows has been made, these general details no longer apply or are not sufficiently detailed to clearly reflect the design intent. In some instances, the details for the windows are intentionally shown in a general, approximate fashion, with the assumption that the actual details will be “designed” during the shop drawing phase. However, the shop drawings typically do not accurately reflect all of the conditions surrounding the windows, and the window installation subcontractor understandably does not want the liability of showing or designing all of these details which they will not build and for which they have no responsibility. Further, while the window shop drawings are reviewed by the architect, the purpose of the architect’s “approval” of the shop drawings is limited. Additionally, shop drawings are not part of the contract documents and, therefore, not part of the design. This results in a common situation where there is no clear basis of design for the weathertightness detailing around the windows. Unfortunately, at present, the authors believe this situation represents the state of the design practice in the building industry. This paper explores common, current practices for designing perimeter weathertightness details for non-flanged windows in commercial applications and how these practices influence the potential for performance problems and water leakage. Suggestions are provided for improvements and alternative methods in design practices. While the paper generally discusses window openings, similar conditions occur at doors.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aDraperies$xDesign and construction.
=650  \0$aWindow shades.
=650  \0$aInterior decorating.
=650  \0$aCurtains.
=650  \0$aShop drawing.
=650  \0$aTesting.
=650  \0$aValue engineering.
=650  \0$aNon-flanged windows.
=650  \0$aWeathertightness.
=650  \0$aDesign responsibility.
=650  14$aNon-flanged windows.
=650  24$aWindow perimeter detailing.
=650  24$aWeathertightness.
=650  24$aDesign responsibility.
=650  24$aMock-up.
=650  24$aTesting.
=650  24$aShop drawing.
=650  24$aValue engineering.
=650  24$aConstruction documents.
=700  1\$aMcGowan, Linda M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKirschbaum, Ned S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aCarson, Craig D.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101275.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101292
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
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=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101292$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101292$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA404.2
=082  04$a620.11$223
=100  1\$aDo, T.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aChemistry of Waterside Oxide Layers on Pressure Tubes /$cT. Do, M. Saidy, W. H. Hocking.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (17 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b32
=520  3\$aThe pressure tubes that contain the fuel bundles and the primary coolant within the core of a CANDU heavy-water reactor are fabricated from a Zr-2.5Nb alloy with a complex microstructure. During reactor operation the pressure-tube interior surface is slowly oxidized by heavy water and a fraction of the deuterium that is released through this process enters the underlying alloy and can reduce its fracture toughness. Considerable variability in deuterium ingress has been observed among the pressure tubes within a single reactor as well as between different reactors. These differences are thought to be due not only to metallurgical variables, such as alloy microstructure and composition, but also to variations in the primary coolant chemistry, including pH and dissolved impurities. In the present study, a combination of surface analytical methods has been employed to characterize the microchemistry and oxidation history of the waterside oxide layers grown on two pressure tubes that were removed from different CANDU reactors. The presence of varying concentrations of iron, manganese and uranium, derived mainly from corrosion of feeder pipes and fuel failures, has been found throughout the oxide layers. An increase in the oxidation rate of one pressure tube later in life could be correlated with evidence of greater open porosity, provided by the depth distributions of impurities, extending deep within the oxide layer.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aElectrical and Electronic Engineering.
=650  \0$aMechanical Engineering.
=650  \0$aCivil Engineering.
=650  \0$aOxidation.
=650  \0$aDeuterium ingress.
=650  \0$aPressure tubes.
=650  14$aCANDU reactor.
=650  24$aPressure tubes.
=650  24$aOxidation.
=650  24$aDeuterium ingress.
=650  24$aSEM/EDX.
=650  24$aXPS.
=650  24$aSIMS.
=700  1\$aSaidy, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHocking, W. H.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101292.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101294
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101294$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101294$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.72
=082  04$a620.1/1292$223
=100  1\$aQu, Jun,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMeasurement of the Resistance of Treated Metal Foils to Scrubbing Abrasion Using a Modified Reciprocating Wear Test /$cJun Qu, Peter J. Blau, Vinod K. Sikka.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (5 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b10
=520  3\$aA reciprocating wear test method has been developed to evaluate the resistance of metal foils to scrubbing abrasion. Development included the definition of a quantitative measure of the scrubbing resistance. In order to test the ability of the new method to differentiate between surface treatments, four versions of Type 316 stainless steel foils were tested: annealed (A-NT), cold-worked (C-NT), annealed plus case-hardened (A-T), and cold-worked plus case-hardened (C-T). Measurements were made of their scrubbing resistance using commercial scrub cleaning pads as the counterface material. Results showed that the case-hardening process significantly increased the scrubbing resistance both under dry conditions and with cleaning solutions to lubricate the contact. While this linearly-reciprocating method does not simulate the circular, overlapping motion commonly occurring in service, results indicated that the new test method could sufficiently discriminate levels of two-body abrasion behavior, and therefore can be useful for studying the effects of surface treatments on abrasion resistance.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aErosion.
=650  \0$aFriction.
=650  \0$aMaterials$xTesting.
=650  \0$aMechanical wear.
=650  \0$aAbrasion resistance.
=650  \0$aScrubbing.
=650  \0$aMetal foil.
=650  14$aScrubbing.
=650  24$aAbrasion resistance.
=650  24$aMetal foil.
=650  24$aReciprocating sliding.
=700  1\$aBlau, Peter J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSikka, Vinod K.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101294.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101296
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101296$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101296$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA439
=082  04$a666/.893$223
=100  1\$aNokken, Michelle,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffects of Temperature, Chemical, and Mineral Admixtures on the Electrical Conductivity of Concrete /$cMichelle Nokken, Adam Boddy, Xiaorong Wu, R. Douglas Hooton.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b23
=520  3\$aASTM C1202 has become a very common test method for prequalification purposes and for performance-based specifications in North America. Although the test neither directly determines the permeability or chloride resistance, it has often been shown to have good correlation to those properties since electrical conductivity is also related to the porosity and connectivity of the pore structure. The prevalence of the test is largely based on its ease of execution and its wide acceptance and use by many state and provincial DOTs. More recently, ASTM subcommittee C09.66 has discussed replacing the above test method with a more rapid method measuring conductivity. Several factors affect the conductivity of concrete, mixture design, inclusion of chemical and mineral admixtures, the temperature during testing and the age or maturity at test time. Research was carried out to investigate the magnitude of these variables on measured conductivity. Conductivity was measured using the same equipment as the ASTM C1202 method with changes in the magnitude and duration of the applied voltage as well as the solutions used in the test cell chamber. Conductivity was measured every three hours starting at one day after casting until seven days and weekly until 28 days. Conductivity was found to decrease with hydration as expected. It was determined that mixture design and temperature have significant effects on measured conductivity while chemical admixtures have less influence with the exception of corrosion inhibitors. The developed test method presents potential as a tool for prequalification and quality control that can be directly related to maturity and durability.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPortland cement.
=650  \0$aConcrete aggregates.
=650  \0$aAdmixtures.
=650  \0$aAir entrained concrete.
=650  \0$aMaturity.
=650  14$aElectrical conductivity.
=650  24$aMaturity.
=650  24$aASTM C1202.
=700  1\$aBoddy, Adam,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWu, Xiaorong,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHooton, R. Douglas,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101296.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101299
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101299$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101299$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH7687
=082  04$a697.9/32$223
=100  1\$aHoeft, Arthur P.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDetermination of Appropriate Sample Depth during Air-Drying of Low Rank Coals Reduced to 2.36 mm (No. 8) Sieve Size /$cArthur P. Hoeft, Edwin M. Smith.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (18 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aThe current ASTM International standard for measuring Total Moisture in Coal (D3302-05) prescribes a multi-step process beginning with air-drying of the sample at a depth of one inch or less, but it has been noted in the literature that the final moisture results for low rank coals can be affected by the exact depth at which they are air-dried. The ASTM D05.21 Task Group on revisions to this method has conducted a number of studies on subbituminous C and lignite coals to assess whether the air-drying depth should be further restricted. Fresh samples were collected, prepared to minus 2.36 mm (No. 8) sieve size, then air-dried at various depths and analyzed at laboratories familiar with the particular coal(s) used. Compared to samples air-dried at more shallow depths, samples air-dried at depths of one inch showed lower results in total moisture by as much as -0.32 percentage points, with commensurate increases in calorific value of as much as +21 Btu/lb on the as-received basis. When air-drying was conducted at very shallow depths of 1/4 inch or less, statistically significant changes in MAF Btu/lb were identified. The likely explanation for the low moisture results is that the one inch depth does not allow buried coal particles to dry sufficiently, and moisture is then lost (but not accounted for) during subsequent pulverizing and riffling. It is thought that changes in MAF results are due to notable sample degradation occurring at shallow depths where many more particles are exposed to the atmosphere and significant oxidation takes place. Thus, varying the sample depth during air-drying can lead to inconsistent results for total moisture (and therefore as-received Btu/lb) as well as MAF Btu/lb. This paper concludes that to minimize these inconsistencies, air-drying of subC and lignite coals should be restricted to sample depths of about 1/2 inch.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAir conditioning.
=650  \0$aDrying agents.
=650  \0$aDrying apparatus.
=650  \0$aDrying.
=650  \0$aTotal moisture.
=650  \0$aAir-drying.
=650  \0$aLow rank.
=650  \0$aAir-dry loss.
=650  14$aAir-drying.
=650  24$aAir-dry loss.
=650  24$aCoal.
=650  24$aLow rank.
=650  24$aTotal moisture.
=700  1\$aSmith, Edwin M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101299.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101303
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101303$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101303$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA479.S7
=082  04$a620.1/7$223
=100  1\$aWu, Xiaomei,$eauthor.
=245  10$aStudy of Corrosion Initiation of a Steel Panel from a Defect in Coating Using Localized Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (LEIS) /$cXiaomei Wu, Tie Wang, Eva Montalvo, Theodore Provder, Carl Handsy, Weidian Shen.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b24
=520  3\$aLocalized Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (LEIS) was used to study corrosion initiation of a cold-rolled steel panel covered by electrodeposited coating (Ecoat). LEIS technique, developed from the conventional electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) that usually measures the impedance over an area in square centimetres, can measure the impedance of a sample over a much smaller area, which makes it a more appropriate technique for studying the early stage of corrosion initiated from small defects, such as pinholes and voids in the protective coatings. In the presented study, an isolated pinhole in the coating was found first, and then the sample was immersed in a salt solution. Initiation and development of corrosion from the pinhole was closely monitored. LEIS spectra measured in different stages showed interesting variations. The corresponding equivalent circuits were introduced to study the process, followed by brief explanation of the process. The study helped us better understand the mechanism of the corrosion initiation and its early development.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCorrosion and anti-corrosives.
=650  \0$aStainless steel$xCorrosion.
=650  \0$aCorrosion.
=650  14$aCorrosion.
=650  24$aEIS.
=650  24$aLEIS.
=700  1\$aWang, Tie,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMontalvo, Eva,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aProvder, Theodore,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHandsy, Carl,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aShen, Weidian,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101303.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101304
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101304$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101304$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN693.Z5
=082  04$a620.1/8935$223
=100  1\$aHolt, R. A.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aIntergranular and Interphase Constraints in Zirconium Alloys /$cR. A. Holt, M. R. Daymond, F. Xu, S. Cai.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (20 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b44
=520  3\$aWe report the development of intergranular and interphase constraints in textured Zircaloy-2, Zr-2.5Nb, and Excel alloy during room temperature tension and compression loading in two or three directions relative to the parent texture. Neutron diffraction was used to track the lattice strain development in the α-phase (all alloys) and β-phase (Zr-2.5Nb and Excel) in three principal directions relative to the parent texture. Zircaloy-2 at room temperature is essentially single phase hcp αZr. The active deformation mechanisms appear to be, in order of increasing critical resolved shear stress, prism (a) slip, basal (a) slip, tensile twinning and pyramidal (c+a) slip. No compressive twinning was observed. Combined with intergranular constraints due to prior thermal treatment, these mechanisms result in substantial asymmetry in the yield stress and lattice strain development (compression versus tension). In Zr-2.5 Nb and Excel, the α-phase appears to deform by the same slip mechanisms as Zircaloy-2, and similar assymmetry of the yield stress and lattice strain development is observed. However, the existence of tensile twinning is not clearly evidenced. The β-phase also deforms by slip, but the critical resolved shear stress is much higher than that for the slip mechanisms in the α-phase, leading to the development of very large interphase constraints in the plastic deformation regime. This is attributed to a combination of solution strengthening of the β-phase (by Nb and, in Excel, Mo) and by grain size.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aDeformations (Mechanics)
=650  \0$aZirconium$xTexture.
=650  \0$aZirconium alloys$xTexture.
=650  \0$aZirconium.
=650  \0$aPlastic deformation.
=650  \0$aZirconium alloys.
=650  \0$aAnisotropy.
=650  14$aZirconium alloys.
=650  24$aPlastic deformation.
=650  24$aAnisotropy.
=650  24$aIntergranular constraints.
=650  24$aInterphase constraints.
=700  1\$aDaymond, M. R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aXu, F.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aCai, S.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101304.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101308
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101308$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101308$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH7140
=082  04$a621.4/02$223
=100  1\$aHassan, A.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aOptimization of Energy Utilization and Productivity of Heat Treating Batch-Type Furnaces /$cA. Hassan, M. S. Hamed.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (17 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b8
=520  3\$aDue to the energy-intensive nature of the heat treating industry and the recent substantial increase of energy prices, the availability of predictive tools that can be used to optimize heat treatment processes has become a very pressing must. Load configuration (size and arrangement) during batch-type heat treating operations is the main factor that controls the rate of heat transfer between the furnace and the load, and hence it affects energy utilization and productivity of such operations. The main objective of this work is to develop a numerical model that can be used as a predictive tool for determining optimum loading of batch-type furnaces in order to achieve maximum productivity (mass treated per unit time) and minimum energy consumption per unit mass. A numerical model has been developed to simulate heat treatment processes in batch-type furnaces. The model has been validated by comparing numerical results with experimental data collected under laboratory and real-life conditions. Experiments have been carried out at the research facility at TPL as well as at different industrial sites. The paper presents the development and validation of the model as well as case studies of batch heat treatment cycles where best load configurations have been investigated.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFurnaces$xCombustion.
=650  \0$aHeat$xTransmission.
=650  \0$aEnergy use.
=650  \0$aBatch furnaces.
=650  \0$aPredictive models.
=650  \0$aHeat treatment.
=650  \0$aProductivity.
=650  14$aEnergy use.
=650  24$aProductivity.
=650  24$aPredictive models.
=650  24$aHeat treatment.
=650  24$aBatch furnaces.
=700  1\$aHamed, M. S.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101308.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101312
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101312$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101312$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aCA1AE596A11666
=082  04$a621.48$223
=100  1\$aBouineau, V.,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA New Model to Predict the Oxidation Kinetics of Zirconium Alloys in a Pressurized Water Reactor /$cV. Bouineau, A. Ambard, G. Bénier, D. Pêcheur, J. Godlewski, L. Fayette, T. Duverneix.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (23 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b28
=520  3\$aThe previous CEA corrosion code COCHISE provided satisfactory simulations of in-reactor corrosion of the fuel cladding when used in its validity range. In contrast, it could lead to hazardous predictions if applied out of this range due to the strongly linked parameters mainly based on the analysis of French pressurized water reactor (PWR) data. To predict the oxidation kinetics for new operating conditions or new materials, the CEA and EDF decided to develop a new model, named CORCY, which is based on a more phenomenological approach and uses separate parameters deduced from analytical experiments. The aim of this paper is to present the new model for Zircaloy-4 in PWR. The phenomenological approach is described. It is based on out- and in-pile data. Typically, since (1) the oxidation kinetics of zirconium alloys in autoclave are periodic, and (2) the oxide films formed in autoclave, in out-of-pile loop, and in-reactor all exhibit periodic lateral cracks with a period similar to the oxide thickness to transition, the oxidation kinetics in CORCY are characterized by a cyclic repetition of semi-parabolic law. Each model parameter is detailed. They are deduced separately from (a) oxidation tests performed in autoclave on fresh alloys to determine their kinetics; (b) oxidation tests performed in the out-of-pile corrosion loops Corail and Reggae to quantify the effects of thermo-hydraulic conditions; (c) data provided by Testing Material Reactors (OSIRIS and Halden reactor) during isothermal oxidation to determine the effects of irradiation; and (d) oxidation tests performed on pre-hydrided alloys to take into account the accelerated corrosion phase occurring, in reactor, for Zircaloy-4 at high burn-up. After describing both the phenomenological approach and the different model parameters, a comparison of measured and calculated corrosion data from French PWRs at a burn-up up to 65 GWd/tU is provided.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aZirconium alloys $xOxidation.
=650  \0$aZirconium alloys.
=650  \0$aOxidation.
=650  \0$aLow tin Zircaloy-4.
=650  \0$aCorrosion modeling.
=650  \0$aOxide stratification.
=650  \0$aCyclic behavior.
=650  \0$aHydrides.
=650  \0$aHeat flux.
=650  \0$aNeutron flux.
=650  14$aZr alloys.
=650  24$aLow tin Zircaloy-4.
=650  24$aCorrosion modeling.
=650  24$aCyclic behavior.
=650  24$aOxide stratification.
=650  24$aHeat flux.
=650  24$aNeutron flux.
=650  24$aHydrides.
=700  1\$aAmbard, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBénier, G.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPêcheur, D.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGodlewski, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFayette, L.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDuverneix, T.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101312.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101314
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=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
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=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101314$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101314$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA480.Z65
=082  04$a620.189$223
=100  1\$aBossis, Philippe,$eauthor.
=245  10$aIn PWR Comprehensive Study of High Burn-Up Corrosion and Growth Behavior of M5® and Recrystallized Low-Tin Zircaloy-4 /$cPhilippe Bossis, Bénédicte Verhaeghe, Sylvie Doriot, Didier Gilbon, Valérie Chabretou, Agnès Dalmais, Jean-Paul Mardon, Martine Blat, Alain Miquet.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (27 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b60
=520  3\$aThis paper is dealing with the corrosion and growth behavior of M5® and recrystallized low tin Zircaloy-4 irradiated as stress-free tubes in conditions representative of grids and guide-tubes of PWR fuel assemblies. The low-tin Zircaloy-4 tubes have reached equivalent burn-ups up to 93 GWd/tU (corresponding to a fluence of 21.0×1025 n⋅m−2, E>1 MeV), and the M5® tubes have reached equivalent burn-ups up to 79 GWd/tU (corresponding to a fluence of 17.1×1025 n⋅m−2). Postirradiation growth was measured by comparing the distances between holes regularly distributed along the rod to the initial measurements. Postirradiation outer diameter oxide thicknesses were measured by eddy currents. Detailed characterizations of oxide layers have been realized through optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Hydrogen uptake has been obtained through global hydrogen content measurements and metallographic examination of hydrides. Finally, the irradiation-induced microstructure of the metallic matrix has been observed by transmission electron microscopy. On these tubes, the free growth reached 1.9 % at 93 GWd/tU on Zircaloy-4 and 0.3 % at 79 GWd/tU on M5®. The external oxide thicknesses are far greater on Zircaloy-4 (∼60 μm at 93 GWd/tU) than on M5® (∼7.5 μm at 79 GWd/tU), and the oxidation rate is eight times higher on Zircaloy-4 than on M5®. Very high hydrogen content is achieved on Zircaloy-4, up to ∼1600 ppm (due to the low wall thickness and two-sided corrosion), whereas the maximum value on M5® is ∼100 ppm (despite the same geometry and corrosion conditions). On both alloys, the hydrogen pickup fraction is of the same order for these experimental empty rods as for previously analyzed fuel rod claddings, which may indicate the absence of a heat flux effect on the hydrogen uptake. Finally, potential correlation between growth, corrosion and hydrogen uptake will be discussed. Taking account of the results obtained on both experimental tubes and fuel rods, the effects of the presence or absence of heat flux through the wall thickness and of hydride rim at the metal/oxide interface are discussed, especially concerning the high burn-up corrosion acceleration on Zircaloy-4.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCorrosion.
=650  \0$aCongrès.
=650  \0$aZirconium alloys$xCorrosion.
=650  \0$aLow-tin Zircaloy-4.
=650  \0$aMicrostructure.
=650  \0$aIrradiation growth.
=650  \0$aHydrogen pickup.
=650  \0$aCorrosion behavior.
=650  \0$aZirconium alloys.
=650  14$aZirconium alloys.
=650  24$aLow-tin Zircaloy-4.
=650  24$aIrradiation growth.
=650  24$aCorrosion behavior.
=650  24$aHydrogen pickup.
=650  24$aMicrostructure.
=700  1\$aVerhaeghe, Bénédicte,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDoriot, Sylvie,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGilbon, Didier,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aChabretou, Valérie,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDalmais, Agnès,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMardon, Jean-Paul,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBlat, Martine,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMiquet, Alain,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101314.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101320
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101320$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101320$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTE7
=082  04$a625.705$223
=100  1\$aKevern, J. T.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPervious Concrete Mixture Proportions for Improved Freeze-Thaw Durability /$cJ. T. Kevern, V. R. Schaefer, K. Wang, M. T. Suleiman.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b26
=520  3\$aRecent stormwater management regulations from the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and greater emphasis on sustainable development has increased interest in pervious pavement as a method for reducing stormwater runoff and improving stormwater quality. Pervious concrete is one of several pervious pavement systems that can be used to reduce stormwater runoff and treat stormwater on site. Pervious concrete systems have been used and are being proposed for all parts of the United States, including northern climates where severe freezing and thawing can occur. The purpose of the research is to develop pervious concrete mixtures that have sufficient porosity for stormwater infiltration along with desirable porosity, strength, and freeze-thaw durability. In this research, concrete mixtures were developed with single-sized river gravel aggregate (4.75 mm) and constant binder contents, together with high range water reducer. River sand was used as a replacement for up to 7 % coarse aggregate. Two different types of polypropylene fibers (a shorter fibrillated variable-length and a longer fibrillated single-length) were incorporated at several addition rates from 0 to 0.1 % by volume of concrete. The engineering properties of the aggregate were evaluated along with the porosity, permeability, strength, and freeze-thaw durability of selected concrete mixtures. The results indicate that the use of sand and fibers provided beneficial effects on pervious concrete properties, including increased strength, maintained or improved permeability, and enhanced freeze-thaw resistance.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aConcrete construction$xCold weather conditions.
=650  \0$aConcrete$xEffect of temperature on.
=650  \0$aFrost resistant concrete.
=650  \0$aSilicones.
=650  \0$aFreeze thaw durability.
=650  \0$aAdmixtures.
=650  \0$aConcrete.
=650  \0$aPervious concrete.
=650  14$aPervious concrete.
=650  24$aFreeze-thaw durability.
=650  24$aFreeze-thaw resistance.
=650  24$aStormwater management.
=700  1\$aSchaefer, V. R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWang, K.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSuleiman, M. T.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101320.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101321
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101321$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101321$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP245.Z8
=082  04$a666$223
=100  1\$aBlat-Yrieix, M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aToward a Better Understanding of Dimensional Changes in Zircaloy-4 :$bWhat is the Impact Induced by Hydrides and Oxide Layer? /$cM. Blat-Yrieix, A. Ambard, F. Foct, A. Miquet, S. Beguin, N. Cayet.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b40
=520  3\$aIn pressurized water reactors, new operating conditions (higher burnup, new chemistry, etc.) can have an effect on the dimensional stability of the fuel assembly skeleton. Previous studies have shown that the fuel assembly growth is, among others parameters (free growth, creep), strongly driven by corrosion. Oxide layer and hydrides precipitation could both induce an increase of the dimensional parameters. The scope of the present study is, regardless of irradiation effect, to quantify and to understand the separate effects of hydrogen and oxide layers on the Zircaloy-4 dimensional changes. Experimental works have been performed in laboratory on stress relieved annealed (SRA) and recrystallized (RXA) Zircaloy-4 strips. First, the hydrogen impact on dimensional changes has been studied without the effect of the oxide layer. The measurements were performed at room temperature on strips previously pre-hydrided by the gaseous charging method. The hydrogen content of the samples was between 100 ppm and 2000 ppm. Results indicate a linear correlation between hydrogen content and length variation. RXA material is more affected by the hydrogen effect than the SRA material. Nevertheless, in comparison with data issued from out-of-reactor measurement, the impact of hydrides is not sufficient (with irradiation growth) to explain the post-irradiation examinations (PIE) results. To understand these differences, the oxide layer contribution must be quantified. Second, the impact of the oxide layer was therefore studied on RXA Zircaloy-4 strips. Corrosion tests have been performed in autoclave at 360°C in primary water (2 ppm Li-1000 ppm B–H2) on as-received and pre-hydrided materials. To obtain thicker oxide layer within a shorter duration, samples have been also oxidized in furnace at 415°C. Moreover, as no significant hydriding occurs during oxidation in air, we are able to characterize properly the specific effect of the oxide layer. As for hydrides’ effect, an increase of strain is observed as the oxide thickness becomes thicker. The contributions of hydrides and oxide layer are then discussed with regard to the metallurgical properties of the alloy. Finally, all these results are compared with PIE observations. Free growth, hydride precipitation, and oxide thickness seem to be the three main parameters to explain the dimensional changes in Zircaloy-4 observed in reactor.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aZirconium oxide$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aZirconium oxide.
=650  \0$aMicrostructure.
=650  \0$aIrradiation growth.
=650  \0$aOxidation.
=650  \0$aHydrides.
=650  \0$aLength changes.
=650  14$aZircaloy-4.
=650  24$aIrradiation growth.
=650  24$aHydrides.
=650  24$aOxidation.
=650  24$aLength changes.
=650  24$aMicrostructure.
=700  1\$aAmbard, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFoct, F.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMiquet, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBeguin, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aCayet, N.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101321.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101322
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101322$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101322$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA439
=082  04$a666.8$223
=100  1\$aSamson, Eric,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDetermination of the Water Diffusivity of Concrete Using Drying/Absorption Test Results /$cEric Samson, Keyvan Maleki, Jacques Marchand, Tiewei Zhang.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b24
=520  3\$aExperimental procedures such as ASTM C1585, “Standard Test Method for Measurement of Rate of Absorption of Water by Hydraulic-Cement Concretes,” and ISO12572 have been recently developed to determine the rate of moisture transmission through hydrated cement systems. However, these methods do not provide an actual transport parameter that can be used in chloride ingress models to predict the service-life of concrete structures. This study focused on the development a reliable method to measure the nonlinear moisture diffusivity of concrete. The approach is based on the analysis of drying and wetting experiments performed with concrete samples of different thicknesses. The transport parameter is obtained by using Richards’ water transport model to analyze the mass variations measured during the tests. The method was tested over a wide range of different concrete mixtures produced with different water/cement ratios. Results indicate that the nonlinear function used to reproduce the mass variation curves must exhibit a strong increase for high water content values. The water diffusivity equation derived from this analysis allows reproducing the behavior of concrete during both the drying and absorption experiments using the same water transport model.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aConcrete blocks.
=650  \0$aConcrete$xCuring.
=650  \0$aConcrete$xDrying.
=650  \0$aConcrete.
=650  \0$aRichards’ model.
=650  \0$aAbsorption.
=650  \0$aDrying test.
=650  \0$aDurability.
=650  \0$aWater diffusivity.
=650  14$aWater diffusivity.
=650  24$aDrying test.
=650  24$aRichards’ model.
=650  24$aAbsorption.
=650  24$aDurability.
=650  24$aConcrete.
=700  1\$aMaleki, Keyvan,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMarchand, Jacques,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aZhang, Tiewei,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101322.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101326
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101326$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101326$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA438
=082  04$a620.1/35$223
=100  1\$aRecalde, Juan José,$eauthor.
=245  10$aChanges in Fluid Penetrability and Mechanical Properties of Concrete due to High Temperature Exposure /$cJuan José Recalde, Michael L. Leming.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b25
=520  3\$aThis paper examines the relationship between changes in mechanical properties and fluid penetrability of a conventional and a high strength concrete mixture resulting from exposure to temperatures of 150°C, 300°C, or both, using a unique experimental technique. Measurements were taken before and after exposure on 100 mm diameter disks, approximately 25 mm thick. The dynamic modulus of elasticity (Ed) was measured using resonant frequency techniques. Fluid penetrability of the disks was characterized by air permeability index (API) and rate of water absorption (sorptivity). The nondestructive nature of these tests allowed multiple testing on the same samples. The changes in API and Ed of high strength concrete disks were greater than those of conventional strength. Damaged high strength concrete was found to have a lower residual rate of water absorption than damaged conventional strength concrete. However, the rate of water absorption of high strength concrete did not show as large an increase as was found with air permeability. The API identified differences between high strength concrete specimens exposed to both 150°C and 300°C compared to similar specimens exposed to 300°C only. This difference was also identified by changes in Ed, but was not identified using the rate of water absorption. The test methods for API and Ed described in this paper are simple and easy to conduct, and appear to provide useful information in studying changes in microstructure of concrete exposed to elevated temperatures.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCement composites$xMechanical properties.
=650  \0$aStrain hardening.
=650  \0$aReinforced concrete.
=650  \0$aMicrostructure.
=650  \0$aMicrocracking.
=650  \0$aFluid penetration.
=650  \0$aDamage gradients.
=650  \0$aThermal stress.
=650  \0$aModulus of elasticity.
=650  \0$aPermeability.
=650  14$aPermeability.
=650  24$aFluid penetration.
=650  24$aModulus of elasticity.
=650  24$aDamage gradients.
=650  24$aMicrocracking.
=650  24$aMicrostructure.
=650  24$aThermal stress.
=700  1\$aLeming, Michael L.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101326.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101332
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101332$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101332$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTD439
=082  04$a625.7/34$223
=100  1\$aRose, Simon A. H.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Effect of Polymeric, Ammonium Sulfate-Based Adjuvants on the Deposition of Glyphosate Spray Solutions /$cSimon A. H. Rose, Lynn Lyons, Mark Whitehead.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (4 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b10
=520  3\$aHigh molecular weight polymers have been shown to improve the efficacy of systemic herbicides such as glyphosate. The mode of activity of these polymeric adjuvants is not well understood. In this study a commercial polymer/ammonium sulfate (AMS)-based adjuvant was tested with commercial glyphosate formulations. The effect of the various treatments on the mass of spray deposited, droplet bounce, and droplet run-off was determined. The polymeric/AMS adjuvant was found to improve the deposition of the commercial glyphosate formulations in that: the loss of active due to spray drift was reduced, i.e., the mass of spray deposited was increased; droplet bounce of the spray solutions was reduced, i.e., droplet retention was improved; the polymeric/AMS adjuvant did not significantly affect the angle at which droplets were detached from leaves, therefore the adjuvant should not affect droplet run-off.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPolyacrylamide.
=650  \0$aRoads$xDesign and construction$xEnvironmental aspects.
=650  \0$aSedimentation and deposition.
=650  \0$aDroplet bounce.
=650  \0$aSpray drift.
=650  14$aAnionic polyacrylamide.
=650  24$aSpray drift.
=650  24$aDroplet bounce.
=700  1\$aLyons, Lynn,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWhitehead, Mark,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101332.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101337
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101337$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101337$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA445.5
=082  04$a620.13723$223
=100  1\$aMartinez, I.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aComparison of Measurements Provided by Several Corrosion Rate Meters with Modulated Confinement of the Current /$cI. Martinez, C. Andrade, E. Marie-Victoire, V. Bouteiller, N. Rebolledo.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aThe main difficulty for the application of Rp on site is the vanishing of the current with the distance which has been overcome with the use of a modulated confinement of the current only feasible if the guard ring is monitored during the measurement by means of electrodes able to detect the distance reached by the current.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSteel, Structural$xCorrosion$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aReinforced concrete$xCorrosion$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aConcrete.
=650  \0$aCorrosion.
=650  14$aCorrosion.
=650  24$aConcrete.
=650  24$aElectrochemical techniques.
=700  1\$aAndrade, C.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMarie-Victoire, E.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBouteiller, V.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRebolledo, N.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101337.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101345
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101345$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101345$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA439
=082  04$a624.183/4$223
=100  1\$aDas, B. B.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSome Investigations for Establishing Suitability of Watson’s Strength-Porosity Model for Concrete /$cB. B. Das, D. N. Singh, S. P. Pandey.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b25
=520  3\$aMicro-structural characteristics of concrete were determined with the help of a helium gas pycnometer and a mercury intrusion porosimeter. Details of the methodology adopted for these studies are presented in this technical note. Results in the form of ratio of solids to the pore volume were plotted with respect to the compressive strength of concrete and suitability of Watson’s strength-porosity model for concrete was evaluated. In addition to this, based on the study attempts have been made to recommend the value of parameters for concrete that appear in Watson’s strength-porosity model, which otherwise is applicable to hydrated portland cement pastes only.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aConcrete$xResearch.
=650  \0$aConcrete$xTesting.
=650  \0$aPorosity.
=650  \0$aPermeability.
=650  \0$aConcrete.
=650  \0$aPore volume.
=650  \0$aSolid volume.
=650  \0$aCompressive strength.
=650  \0$aHelium gas pycnometry.
=650  14$aCompressive strength.
=650  24$aPore volume.
=650  24$aSolid volume.
=650  24$aMercury intrusion porosimetry.
=650  24$aHelium gas pycnometry.
=700  1\$aSingh, D. N.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPandey, S. P.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101345.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101346
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101346$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101346$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA465
=082  04$a620.1/76$223
=100  1\$aNanstad, R. K.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aApplicability of the Fracture Toughness Master Curve to Irradiated Highly Embrittled Steel and Intergranular Fracture /$cR. K. Nanstad, M. A. Sokolov, D. E. McCabe.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b24
=520  3\$aThe Heavy-Section Steel Irradiation Program at Oak Ridge National Laboratory has evaluated a submerged-arc (SA) weld irradiated to a high level of embrittlement and a temper embrittled base metal that exhibits significant intergranular fracture relative to representation by the Master Curve. The temper embrittled steel revealed that the intergranular mechanism significantly extended the transition temperature range up to 150°C above To. For the irradiated highly embrittled SA weld study, a total of 21 1T compact specimens were tested at five different temperatures and showed the Master Curve to be nonconservative relative to the results, although that observation is uncertain due to evidence of intergranular fracture.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSteel$xFracture.
=650  \0$aSteel$xHeat treatment.
=650  \0$aMaster Curve.
=650  \0$aIrradiation.
=650  \0$aFracture toughness.
=650  \0$aHeat treatment.
=650  \0$aTemper embrittlement.
=650  14$aMaster Curve.
=650  24$aReactor pressure vessel.
=650  24$aIrradiation.
=650  24$aIntergranular fracture.
=650  24$aTemper embrittlement.
=650  24$aFracture toughness.
=650  24$aHeat treatment.
=700  1\$aSokolov, M. A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMcCabe, D. E.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101346.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
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=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101347$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101347$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA441
=082  04$a693/.5$223
=100  1\$aTremblay, C.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aUse of the Accelerated Mortar Bar Test to Evaluate the Effectiveness of LiNO3 Against Alkali-Silica Reaction—Part 1 :$bPore Solution Chemistry and Influence of Various Parameters /$cC. Tremblay, M. A. Bérubé, B. Fournier, M. D. A. Thomas, K. J. Folliard, P. C. Nkinamubanzi.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (17 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b37
=520  3\$aFor the time being, the only reliable test method to evaluate the effectiveness of lithium nitrate against alkali-silica reaction (ASR) in concrete is the concrete prism test (CPT) CSA A23.2-14A or ASTM C1293, extended to two years. In its actual form, the more commonly used accelerated mortar bar test (AMBT) CSA A23.2-25A or ASTM C1260 is not able to predict this effectiveness and needs to be modified to improve it’s reliability. Part I of this study, which involves a large variety of reactive aggregates from Canada and the United States, aims to evaluate the partition of various ions (OH−, Na+, K+, Li+, and silica species) between the mortar pore solution and the soak solution in the AMBT, and the effect of a number of experimental parameters on the expansion of mortar bars with/without lithium nitrate, e.g., the presence of lithium in the original mortar bars, the Li concentration in the soak solution, the concentration and the composition (NaOH versus KOH) of the soak solution, the cement alkali content, the water-to-cement ratio, and the initial 24-h soaking in pure water. The second part of this study (Part II) compares the above AMBT results with the CPT results for the same aggregates and aims to propose modifications to the AMBT when testing lithium nitrate against ASR to better correlate with the most realistic CPT results.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAlkali-aggregate reactions.
=650  \0$aConcrete$xDefects.
=650  \0$aLithium nitrate.
=650  \0$aPore solution.
=650  14$aAccelerated mortar bar test.
=650  24$aAlkali-aggregate reaction.
=650  24$aLithium nitrate.
=650  24$aPore solution.
=700  1\$aBérubé, M. A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFournier, B.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aThomas, M. D. A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFolliard, K. J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNkinamubanzi, P. C.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101347.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101350
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101350$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101350$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN689.2
=082  04$a669.95$223
=100  1\$aRicker, Richard E.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aOn Using Laboratory Measurements to Predict Corrosion Service Lives for Engineering Applications /$cRichard E. Ricker.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b19
=520  3\$aIssues concerning corrosion service life predictions on the basis of laboratory measurements are examined. Models for corrosion service life prediction will reduce corrosion failures and operation costs by enabling better design, alloy selection, full life-cycle cost analysis, and operation. An expected value approach for estimating corrosion damage accumulation and failure rates is proposed. Examination of this approach indicates that understanding the uncertainties due to the variability of the exposure environments will be a critical element of these predictions. It is concluded that, with properly developed, evaluated, and standardized corrosion defect sample designs and propagation rate measurement techniques, it will be possible to develop corrosion defect tolerant design approaches analogous to those used successfully to prevent fatigue failures.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMicrostructure$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aCorrosion and anti-corrosives.
=650  \0$aMetallography.
=650  \0$aDefect tolerance.
=650  \0$aCorrosion.
=650  \0$aCrevice corrosion.
=650  \0$aFailure prevention.
=650  \0$aInspection.
=650  14$aCorrosion.
=650  24$aCrevice corrosion.
=650  24$aDefect tolerance.
=650  24$aFailure prevention.
=650  24$aInspection.
=650  24$aService life prediction.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101350.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101352
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101352$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101352$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA441
=082  04$a693/.5$223
=100  1\$aTremblay, C.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aUse of the Accelerated Mortar Bar Test to Evaluate the Effectiveness of LiNO3 Against Alkali-Silica Reaction—Part 2 :$bComparison with Results from the Concrete Prism Test /$cC. Tremblay, M. A. Bérubé, B. Fournier, M. D. Thomas, K. J. Folliard, P. C. Nkinamubanzi.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (21 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b14
=520  3\$aFor the time being, the concrete prism test (CPT) CSA A23.2-14A or ASTM C1293 remains the most reliable test method to evaluate the effectiveness of lithium nitrate against alkali-silica reaction (ASR) in concrete; however, the extended testing period of two years has often limited its acceptance by practitioners. In its actual form, the popular accelerated mortar bar test (AMBT) CSA A23.2-25A or ASTM C1260 cannot be used to predict this effectiveness, thus it needs to be modified accordingly. Part I of this study looked at the influence of a number of parameters on the effectiveness of lithium to control expansion of mortar bars incorporating a variety of reactive aggregates from Canada and the United States. The second part of this study (Part II) compares the results obtained in modified versions of the AMBT with those from the CPT performed on the same aggregates, with the objective of proposing the best accelerated test procedure for determining the minimum amount of lithium nitrate necessary to counteract ASR expansion in concrete. The results obtained in this study have shown that the effectiveness of lithium nitrate greatly varies from one reactive aggregate to another while not being correlated with the degree of reactivity or the petrographic nature of the reactive aggregates to counteract. A safe method of predicting the effective [Li]/[Na+K] to used in concrete is proposed which uses two AMBTs, one of which involves adding lithium to both the mortar bar and the soak solution. It allows the prediction of an effective [Li]/[Na+K] for aggregates that respond relatively well to lithium. The method allows the identification of aggregates that respond particularly badly to the lithium, for which the concrete prism test is recommended for evaluating the minimum lithium dosage to use for ASR control.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAlkali-aggregate reactions.
=650  \0$aConcrete$xDefects.
=650  \0$aLithium nitrate.
=650  \0$aConcrete prism test.
=650  14$aAccelerated mortar bar test.
=650  24$aAlkali-aggregate reaction.
=650  24$aLithium nitrate.
=650  24$aConcrete prism test.
=700  1\$aBérubé, M. A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFournier, B.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aThomas, M. D.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFolliard, K. J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNkinamubanzi, P. C.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101352.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101354
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101354$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101354$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN693.Z5
=082  04$a620.1/8935$223
=100  1\$aHolt, R. A.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aIn-Reactor Deformation of Zirconium Alloy Components /$cR. A. Holt.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b83
=520  3\$aThis paper briefly reviews work by the author identifying and describing in-reactor deformation mechanisms of materials and structures used in nuclear reactors, in particular, Zircaloy-2, Zircaloy-4, and Zr-2.5Nb, and the CANDU fuel channel (comprising Zr alloy pressure tubes, calandria tubes, and spacers). The discussion is set in the context of contemporary findings of other workers in the international community. The following themes are highlighted: The contributions of creep and growth to deformation; c-component dislocations and the fluence dependence of irradiation growth; anisotropy of irradiation growth; deformation equations and pressure tube-to-calandria tube contact in CANDU reactors; low temperature flux (damage rate) dependence of deformation rates. The first developments were reported in 1976 at the third conference in this series and there are ongoing developments in all areas. The linear low temperature flux dependence of creep and growth rates is yet to be satisfactorily explained.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aZirconium$xTexture.
=650  \0$aZirconium alloys$xTexture.
=650  \0$aZirconium.
=650  \0$aDeformations (Mechanics)
=650  \0$aMicrostructure.
=650  \0$aTexture.
=650  \0$aIrradiation growth.
=650  \0$aIrradiation creep.
=650  \0$aDislocations.
=650  \0$aAnisotropy.
=650  14$aIrradiation creep.
=650  24$aIrradiation growth.
=650  24$aMicrostructure.
=650  24$aTexture.
=650  24$aDislocations.
=650  24$aAnisotropy.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101354.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101363
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101363$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101363$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.38
=082  04$a620.1126$223
=100  1\$aShetty, Dinesh K.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aC-Crack Initiation in Quasi-Static and Impact Loading of a Bearing-Grade Silicon Nitride /$cDinesh K. Shetty.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b17
=520  3\$aSilicon nitride balls are used in hybrid precision bearings for a variety of applications. The performance of hybrid bearings is generally superior to all-steel bearings. Two problems, however, have been noted. Large balls of silicon nitride form surface cracks, referred to as C-cracks, during surface finishing or handling. Also, some grades of silicon nitride are more susceptible to cracking than others. This paper describes the results of an experimental study of the critical loads (P¯c) for C-crack initiation in ball-on-plate loading using silicon nitride plates and tungsten carbide balls. Cumulative distribution plots were generated from multiple indentation tests at varying peak loads to define the critical load at 50 % probability of cracking. The critical load exhibited a ductile-brittle transition at a ball radius R*. For R<R*, indentation plasticity preceded cracking and the critical load increased as R2, while for R>R*, the material response was elastic and the critical load increased linearly with R. The latter behavior is referred to as Auerbach’s law. The material properties that determine the critical loads in each regime were identified using plasticity and fracture theories. In the elastic regime, the Auerbach constant is directly proportional to the fracture surface energy (γ) or square of the fracture toughness (KIc). The results of the quasi-static tests were employed to predict critical velocities (vc) and drop heights (hc) for C-crack initiation in ball-on-plate and ball-on-ball impact using a general dynamic analysis. The predictions were accurate in the elastic regime (R>R*), the situation most likely to be encountered in practice. It is shown that the material resistance to C-cracking and the maximum force generated in impact can be plotted on figures that are useful as guides in both material selection and handling of silicon nitride balls.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMaterials$xFatigue.
=650  \0$aSilicon nitride.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aMaterials.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101363.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101364
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101364$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101364$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRL244
=082  04$a685/.43$223
=100  1\$aDolez, Patricia I.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aInfluence of Medical Needle Characteristics on the Resistance to Puncture of Protective Glove Materials /$cPatricia I. Dolez, Toan Vu-Khanh, C. Thang Nguyen, Gbeuli Guero, Chantal Gauvin, Jaime Lara.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b15
=520  3\$aPuncture of protective clothing by medical needles is a major concern for a number of professional groups. This is particularly true since it has been shown that the protection level of protective gloves measured using the current puncture resistance standards is not relevant when dealing with medical needles. This paper proposes a step-by-step analysis of the puncture mechanism of membranes by medical needles. It investigates also the influence on the puncture force of various characteristics of medical needles, including the needle diameter, number of facets, and facet angle, for a number of materials relevant to protective gloves. It is observed that the effect of these parameters is sometimes very dependent on the type of material punctured. Tests also reveal that the variation in the measured puncture force for mass-produced three-facet medical needles can be associated with the variation of one of the needle dimensions, i.e., the outer diameter at the transition between the facets. Finally, a study of the effect of needle reuse in successive trials shows that cutting-edge wear is much more extensive with reinforced materials. This justifies the need to use needles only once for measuring the puncture resistance of protective clothing materials.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aGloves.
=650  \0$aIndustrial hygiene.
=650  \0$aOccupational diseases.
=650  \0$aProtective clothing.
=650  \0$aGloves, Protective$xadverse effects.
=650  \0$aGloves, Protective$xstandards.
=650  \0$aTest method.
=650  \0$aMedical needle.
=650  \0$aProtective glove.
=650  \0$aPuncture resistance.
=650  14$aPuncture resistance.
=650  24$aMedical needle.
=650  24$aProtective glove.
=650  24$aTest method.
=700  1\$aVu-Khanh, Toan,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNguyen, C. Thang,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGuero, Gbeuli,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGauvin, Chantal,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLara, Jaime,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101364.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101370
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101370$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101370$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTS1109
=082  04$a676.20288$223
=100  1\$aSingh, J.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDiffuse Versus Directional Brightness Measurement Comparison for Paper /$cJ. Singh, C. Rowland, E. Olsen.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aDespite claims of a paperless society, worldwide paper consumption is expected to grow 50 % by 2010 (World Resources Report 1998–99, “Environmental Change and Human Health,” published by Oxford University Press, New York, for the Wold Resources Institute, ISSN 0-19-521-408-0). As markets become more closely connected, through globalization of industrial supply, the need for standardization is greater than before. The paper industry has established standards for identifying the quality of paper. However, in terms of paper brightness, which is one of the main characteristics used to determine a paper’s price and quality, there is often uncertainty about which standard to follow. This is due to the fact that currently there are two geometrically different methods for testing the brightness of paper: ISO and TAPPI. The differing brightness values can misinform consumers. This report tests both methods and finds a linear relationship that can be used to convert between the two standards.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPaper$xAnalysis.
=650  \0$aPaper.
=650  \0$aComparison.
=650  \0$aDiffuse brightness.
=650  14$aDiffuse brightness.
=650  24$aDirectional brightness.
=650  24$aISO.
=650  24$aTAPPI.
=650  24$aComparison.
=700  1\$aRowland, C.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aOlsen, E.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101370.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101371
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101371$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101371$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRJ506.R57
=082  04$a155.4/18$223
=100  1\$aCooper, Nadine,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCorrelative Study into Injury Epidemiology, Use of Protective Equipment and Risk Taking Among Adolescent Participants in Alpine Snow Sports /$cNadine Cooper.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b21
=520  3\$aRisk-taking and sensation-seeking behaviors have been found to be common among those engaging in activities such as mountaineering, deep sea diving, skiing, and snowboarding, all of which may be considered relatively high-risk activities for accidental injury. Risk-taking behavioral characteristics have been identified as a possible explanation for the higher incidences of snowsport injuries. The numbers of children and adolescents participating in snow sports continues to rise in Australia. In the southern states of NSW and ACT, school snowsports racing entries since 2001 have increased by 204 %. An exploratory questionnaire was conducted during the 2006 winter season to investigate injury trends, sensation seeking and risk taking in the adolescent snowsport participation population. Sixty-six participants completed a questionnaire. The participants’ ages ranged from 12–18 years old with the mean age of 14 years. Alpine skiing accounted for 68.2 % of the participants, snowboarding 21.2 %, and 10.6 % cross-country skiing. Of the 66 participants, 33 suffered injuries prior to the 2006 winter season, with 19 participants having sustained two or more injuries and one participant was injured ten times. There were a total of 72 injuries among the 66 participants. Of those injured, 62 % were injured while free skiing or snowboarding, 28 % during training, and 10 % while racing. The majority (74 %) of injuries were sustained while skiing with friends, 13 % skiing with family, and 13 % skiing alone. From these results there appears to be a direct correlation between risk-taking behavior and snowsport injuries.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aRisk-taking (Psychology) in adolescence$xPrevention.
=650  \0$aRisk Reduction Behavior.
=650  \0$aRisk-Taking.
=650  \0$aAdolescent Behavior$xpsychology.
=650  \0$aAdolescent.
=650  \0$aAlpine.
=650  \0$aRisk taking.
=650  \0$aChildren.
=650  \0$aSnowsports.
=650  \0$aInjury.
=650  14$aChildren.
=650  24$aAlpine.
=650  24$aSki.
=650  24$aSnowsports.
=650  24$aInjury.
=650  24$aRisk taking.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101371.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101372
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101372$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101372$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aGV854.2.A1
=082  04$a796.9/3/0922$223
=100  1\$aStradijot, Fulvio,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Importance of an Objective Assessment to Identify Functional Constraints of Young Skier Athletes /$cFulvio Stradijot, Taian de Mello Martins Vieira.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (5 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b8
=520  3\$aIn general, athletes and trainers overlook the need for periodical monitoring of functional abilities. Altered abilities may lead to the development of acute and chronic injuries. This study provides evidence supporting the inclusion of functional assessment as an essential branch of a training program applied to young skiers. Healthy and recently injured athletes engaged in a ski team were functionally evaluated prior to start of the next winter season. Force production and balance abilities were measured, respectively, by means of isokinetic contractions at three speeds (240°s−1, 120°s−1, and 60°s−1) of knee joint movement and of forceplate sway frequency on the frontal plane. In addition, muscle power was indirectly assessed by measuring jump height with an optic device. Subjects were compared according to their right and left leg performance. Although no sign of physical disability was reported by subjects within the injured group, the functional assessment revealed a diminished ability to produce force and to balance similarly with both legs, exhibiting a statistically significant increase in sway frequency (p<0.05) and decrease in jump height (p<0.05) when performing the task with the injured leg. An interesting outcome of this survey was the identification of two distinct groups by using an objective assessment of functional abilities. The applied quantitative approaches are preferred to be unaffected by potentially misleading subjective interpretations of the experimenter and to provide reliable and useful information to monitor injured and healthy people.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSports féminins.
=650  \0$aSkis and skiing.
=650  \0$aWomen athletes.
=650  \0$aTraining program.
=650  \0$aRehabilitation.
=650  \0$aSkiers.
=650  \0$aFunctional assessment.
=650  14$aFunctional assessment.
=650  24$aRehabilitation.
=650  24$aTraining program.
=650  24$aSkiers.
=700  1\$aVieira, Taian de Mello Martins,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101372.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101376
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101376$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101376$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aGV854.8.C3
=082  04$a796.93$223
=100  1\$aUrabe, Y.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDoes Laterality Exist in ACL Injury Prevalence in Alpine Skiers? /$cY. Urabe, H. Iwamoto, S. Koshida, K. Tanaka, K. Miyashita, M. Ochi.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b18
=520  3\$aFrom a clinical viewpoint, a greater number of ACL injuries have been observed involving the left knee than the right knee; however, the evidence is still limited. The purpose of the first study in this two-part investigation was to demonstrate whether laterality of ACL injury exists in various sports activities, including alpine skiing. We hypothesized that the incidence of left knee ACL injury would be higher than that of right knee injury. In the second study, a knee kinematic analysis during a trunk-turning test was conducted to demonstrate the laterality of knee kinematics in female alpine skiers. Subjects for the first study were ACL patients who visited Hiroshima University Hospital between 1994 and 2004. For the alpine skiers, the injury side, the mechanism of injury, and the turning side at the moment of injury were also determined. In the second study, the participants were female recreational skiers who had no history of an ACL injury. Kinematic analyses with a high-speed camera were conducted to measure the knee, hip, and trunk angles during the trunk-turning test. In alpine skiers, 194 (57 %) left ACL injuries and 146 (43 %) right ACL injures were observed. However, there were no significant differences in knee flexion angle during the trunk-turning test. Our findings showed that a left ACL injury occurred 33 % more frequently than a right knee ACL injury in alpine skiers. In addition, we found no differences in the knee flexion angle during the trunk-turning test; however, the height of left shoulder appeared to be higher than the right shoulder during the right turn.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSki mountaineering$zCanada, Western.
=650  \0$aSkiers$zCanada, Western$xBiography.
=650  \0$aSkis and skiing$zCanada (Ouest)
=650  \0$aSkiing Accidents and injuries.
=650  \0$aAlpine skiing.
=650  \0$aInjury prevention.
=650  \0$aLaterality.
=650  14$aAnterior cruciate ligament.
=650  24$aInjury prevention.
=650  24$aAlpine skiing.
=650  24$aLaterality.
=700  1\$aIwamoto, H.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKoshida, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTanaka, K.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMiyashita, K.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aOchi, M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101376.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101378
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101378$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101378$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aGV854.8.C3
=082  04$a796.93$223
=100  1\$aBurtscher, M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPotential Risk Factors for Knee Injuries in Alpine Skiers /$cM. Burtscher, R. Sommersacher, G. Ruedl, W. Nachbauer.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (4 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b17
=520  3\$aObjectives: To identify potential risk factors for knee injury in female alpine skiers. Methods: Injury survey in the winter season 2005 in one big Austrian ski area. Data collection on all injured skiers who needed evacuation included demographic variables, weather and snow conditions, circumstances of the skiing accident, the type of ski used, and injury location. Results: In total, 344 injured alpine skiers (41.3 % males, 58.7 % females) who needed evacuation were recorded. Twenty six percent of the injured male skiers and 47 % of the injured female skiers had knee injury. Female skiers with knee injuries were older, reported less regular physical activity, had more injuries in the morning hours and on cold days, and were not as likely to be using newly adjusted bindings in comparison to female skiers with non-knee injuries. Conclusion: This study found a set of potential risk factors for knee injury in female skiers. This is considered to be a valuable basis for more in-depth studies evaluating causal connections between these factors and the risk for knee injuries in female skiers.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSki mountaineering$zCanada, Western.
=650  \0$aSkiers$zCanada, Western$xBiography.
=650  \0$aSkis and skiing$zCanada (Ouest)
=650  \0$aSkiing Accidents and injuries.
=650  \0$aKnee.
=650  \0$aAlpine skiing.
=650  \0$aGender.
=650  \0$aInjuries.
=650  14$aAlpine skiing.
=650  24$aKnee.
=650  24$aInjuries.
=650  24$aGender.
=700  1\$aSommersacher, R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRuedl, G.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNachbauer, W.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101378.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101379
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101379$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101379$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRD796
=082  04$a617.1027/0924$223
=100  1\$aZacharopoulos, Athanasios N.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSkiing and Snowboarding Injuries in Greece :$bA Two-Year Case-Control Study /$cAthanasios N. Zacharopoulos, Nikolaos E. Tzanakakis, Maria I. Douka.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references.
=520  3\$aPurpose: To examine the incidence, types and patterns of snow sports injuries at Greek ski resorts. Material and Methods: Prospective case-control study at two major Greek ski resorts during 2004-5 and 2005-6 winter seasons, involving 978 injured skiers and snowboarders who asked for medical help and 775 uninjured controls randomly selected. The controls comprised every fifth person at the waiting queue towards the lifts, during weekdays, weekends and holidays, in all weather conditions. Results: The injury rate was 6.05 injuries per 1000 skier days, while 72.7 % of injuries occurred during alpine skiing and 27.3 % during snowboarding. Lower limb injuries were the commonest among skiers 43 % and females had a significant higher prevalence of injury than males (59 % versus 39 %). Snowboarders sustained more frequently upper limb injuries (49.2 %). Ligament sprains (22 %) and contusions (17.4 %) were commonest among skiers, whereas fractures (20.5 %) and contusions (15.4 %) were commonest among snowboarders. Knee and wrist injuries had statistically significant differences between skiers and snowboarders: knee 33.1 % versus 13.3 % and wrist 6.8 % versus 20 %. Most of injuries occurred during “free riding” (65 %), while the second cause of injury was collision for skiers (15.6 %) and jumps for snowboarders (23.5 %). Almost one out of five injuries (19.8 %) was lift related and 23.4 % of the lift related injuries happened when riding with an instructor. Most of injuries occurred at the end of the skiing day. Conclusions: Despite the high incidence of snow sports injuries in Greece the patterns and specific rates of injuries are similar to those previously reported in comparable studies. Many injuries were lift related, most of the injuries happened at the end of the skiing day and many people were injured when skiing/boarding with an instructor. So there is much room to update skiing safety in Greece providing safer slopes and adequate instruction.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSkis and skiing.
=650  \0$aSkiing injuries.
=650  \0$aSkiing accidents.
=650  \0$aSnowboard.
=650  \0$aInjury.
=650  \0$aSkiing safety.
=650  14$aWinter sports epidemiology.
=650  24$aSki.
=650  24$aSnowboard.
=650  24$aInjury.
=650  24$aSkiing safety.
=700  1\$aTzanakakis, Nikolaos E.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDouka, Maria I.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101379.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101380
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101380$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101380$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aGV857.S57
=082  04$a796.9$223
=100  1\$aBöhm, Harald,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Novel Anti-Slip Pad for Improving Steering when Exiting a Ski Lift on a Snowboard /$cHarald Böhm, Milena Souckova, Matthias Hösl, Veit Senner.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aWhile using ski lifts, snowboarders take the rear foot out of the binding. Therefore, steering abilities of the board are reduced, which leads to falls, potentially followed by injuries. In the past, several kinds of anti-slip pads have been introduced to provide friction between the board and the boot of the free foot. The purpose of this study was to check the usability of a novel anti-slip pad, consisting of a commonly used rubber footprint and an additional rim providing vertical grip for the frontal toes. The optimal position of the rim, with respect to maximizing the connection between the free foot and snowboard while minimizing the dexterity required to properly place the free foot into the anti-slip position, was not known. Hence, three different rim positions were evaluated based on the user opinion of which pad provided better steering abilities. Forty snowboarders assigned to three different levels, i.e., beginner, advanced, and expert, were asked to perform a series of pairwise comparisons between three prototype anti-slip pads (each with a different rim position) and an anti-slip pad with no rim for both frontside and backside turns. They performed a pairwise comparison of two prototypes while exiting a ski lift simulator. Consistent results of the preferences were found for the beginners and advanced group in both backside and frontside turns. The expert’s preferences were significantly inconsistent and were therefore not convincing. For beginners and advanced snowboarders, the novel rim on the anti-slip pad enhanced the perceived steering abilities during backside turns. For the frontside turns, the rim was only useful for the advanced group. The preferred rim orientation was perpendicular or slightly backward orient with respect to the direction of travel. As the rim was assessed to improve steering qualities, it could provide more safety during the use of lifts in snowboarding.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSnowboarden.
=650  \0$aSnowboard.
=650  \0$aAnti-slip pad.
=650  \0$aSnowboarding.
=650  14$aSnowboarding.
=650  24$aSafety.
=650  24$aAnti-slip pad.
=700  1\$aSouckova, Milena,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHösl, Matthias,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSenner, Veit,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101380.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101381
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101381$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101381$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aGV1077
=082  04$a796.432$223
=100  1\$aBöhm, Harald,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSafety in Big Jumps :$bRelationship Between Landing Shape and Impact Energy Determined by Computer Simulation /$cHarald Böhm, Veit Senner.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aWith the increasing popularity of freestyle skiing and snowboarding many ski resorts constructed their own terrain parks including several jumps, rails, and pipes. In order to prevent risks of high-impact injuries in jumping, an adequate construction of the landing hill is very important. In professional ski jumping this can be achieved by designing the landing area profile so that its curvature follows the flight path of the jumping athlete. Classical kicker shapes do not follow this principle. They consist of a ramp subsequently followed by a flat table and a descending landing area. Construction of these kickers is commonly made by trial and error. To make the construction process safer and reduce unnecessary risks, a guideline for save kicker construction based on multiple simplifications of the real situation was published in the literature. The purpose of this study was to investigate how this guideline applies to the situation in a real kicker. Two skiers and three snowboarders performed a total of eleven jumps on one expert’s kicker (table length 17 m, transition angle 20°, and kick-off height 2.5 m). Computer simulations, based on the take-off velocities of the eleven jumps measured, were used to calculate the impact energy during landing on different table lengths combined with different landing slopes. If the jumper fails to adjust take-off velocity to account for the shorter deck length, the sum of the impact energies of the simulated jumps will increase dramatically at table lengths smaller than 15 m combined with a landing steepness greater than 20. The predictions based on the guideline (16 m table length and 33° landing steepness) are within a safe region. The guideline is therefore applicable for the experts kicker investigated.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBroad jump$xComputer simulation.
=650  \0$aJumping$xComputer simulation.
=650  \0$aTrack and field.
=650  \0$aSnowboard.
=650  \0$aJumping.
=650  \0$aTerrain park.
=650  \0$aImpact energy.
=650  \0$aSafety.
=650  14$aSnowboard.
=650  24$aJumping.
=650  24$aSafety.
=650  24$aImpact energy.
=650  24$aTerrain park.
=700  1\$aSenner, Veit,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101381.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101387
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101387$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101387$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aGV1469.35.S5731980
=082  04$a794.8$223
=100  1\$aMössner, Martin,$eauthor.
=245  10$aComputer Simulation of Consecutive Ski Turns /$cMartin Mössner, Dieter Heinrich, Peter Kaps, Herwig Schretter, Werner Nachbauer.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b20
=520  3\$aA computer model was developed to simulate consecutive ski turns. The model consists of a segment model for two skis and a single body for the skier. It was implemented in the multibody simulation software LMS Virtual.Lab. The interaction of ski and snow leads to a normal and a shearing force. For the normal force a hypoplastic relation between force and penetration depth was used. Hypoplasticity considers the effect that compacted snow is inelastic and deformations remain. For the shearing force orthogonal metal cutting theory was applied. During turns the skier has to keep balance. He leans inward to compensate centrifugal force. Neglecting angulation the complement of the inward lean angle is the mean value of the edge angles of the left and the right ski. With a suitable choice of the edge angles the skier kept the balance. Using this model the trajectory of the skier was simulated over four and a half turns. The first turn was rather carved, but in the last turn strong skidding was present. Due to increasing speed the centrifugal force considerably exceeded the shearing strength of snow. The hypoplastic force-penetration relation led to a reasonable penetration depth, which is a crucial factor for the shearing force. Based on this reference simulation the influence of edge angle and forward/backward lean was assessed by performing parameter studies. An increased edge angle caused smaller turn radii. Surprisingly, forward lean caused larger and backward lean smaller turn radii. This phenomenon could be explained by the turn moment of the skier. Both effects were more dominant when the skis skidded.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aWinter sports$xComputer games.
=650  \0$aSkis and skiing$xComputer games.
=650  \0$aVideo games$xSoftware.
=650  \0$aIntellivision video games$xSoftware.
=650  \0$aEdge angle.
=650  \0$aAlpine skiing.
=650  \0$aSkidding.
=650  \0$aForward/backward lean.
=650  \0$aSimulation.
=650  \0$aSki turns.
=650  \0$aSki-snow contact.
=650  14$aAlpine skiing.
=650  24$aSimulation.
=650  24$aSki turns.
=650  24$aSki-snow contact.
=650  24$aSkidding.
=650  24$aEdge angle.
=650  24$aForward/backward lean.
=700  1\$aHeinrich, Dieter,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKaps, Peter,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSchretter, Herwig,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNachbauer, Werner,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101387.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101400
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101400$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101400$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRC1220.S5
=082  04$a617.1027$223
=100  1\$aScher, Irving,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPediatric Head and Neck Injuries in Snow Sports :$bEvaluating the Influence of Helmets /$cIrving Scher, Darrin Richards, Michael Carhart, Reed Thomas, Natalie Hurlen, Tack Lam.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aThe U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission reported in 1999 that head injuries represent approximately 14 % of all skiing and snowboarding injuries. Cadman and Macnab showed that children were twice as likely as other age groups to sustain injuries to the head, face, and neck. While helmets have been shown to reduce the overall number of head injuries for the pediatric population, some members of the skiing and medical communities have indicated that pediatric helmets may increase the likelihood of neck injuries. We conducted a two-part experimental study to examine the potential effects of pediatric helmets during severe collisions. In the first part of the study, we measured the speeds of 154 children on beginner and intermediate ski slopes. Across all locations at a resort, the average speed of the children was 18.7 kph (11.6 mph). In the second part of the study, we used an instrumented Hybrid-III 10-year-old anthropomorphic test device (ATD) to determine the head accelerations, neck loads, and chest deflection associated with two impact conditions: (1) inertial neck loading created during torso impacts into a rigid barrier and, (2) direct head contact and neck loading during skier-to-pole and skier-to-skier impacts. For these tests, the ATD was accelerated to the average observed speed of pediatric skiers and snowboarders. The data show that the use of a helmet did not increase the likelihood of severe neck injury during the inertial neck loading condition. The results of the direct head contact tests showed that compressive loads on the neck were reduced with helmet use, but always exceeded injury thresholds with or without a helmet. As expected, helmet use did reduce substantially the likelihood of severe brain injury in the skier-to-pole (by 47 %) and skier-to-skier (by 69 %) impacts by decreasing the linear accelerations, angular accelerations, and head injury criterion.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSkis and skiing$xWounds and injuries$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aSkis and skiing$xSafety measures$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aSnowboarding$xWounds and injuries$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aSnowboarding$xSafety measures$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aSkiing$xinjuries.
=650  \0$aKnee Injuries.
=650  \0$aSkiing.
=650  \0$aSnowboarding.
=650  \0$aChildren.
=650  \0$aHead injuries.
=650  \0$aNeck injuries.
=650  14$aHelmet.
=650  24$aChildren.
=650  24$aSkiing.
=650  24$aSnowboarding.
=650  24$aHead injuries.
=650  24$aNeck injuries.
=700  1\$aRichards, Darrin,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aCarhart, Michael,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aThomas, Reed,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHurlen, Natalie,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLam, Tack,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101400.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101401
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101401$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101401$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRD796
=082  04$a617.1027/0924$223
=100  1\$aWhelan, Karyn M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEvaluation of Falls Occurring While Exiting from an Eight-Seat Chairlift /$cKaryn M. Whelan, Lucas Coates.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aThe introduction of eight-seat chairlifts has raised the concern of increased risk of collision, falling, and possibly injury while unloading due to the greater number of passengers. This study aimed to investigate: if there was a difference in the fall rate between skiers and snowboarders; if seat position on an eight-seat chairlift affected whether passengers fell or not; and if the time of day or day of the weekend affected whether passengers fell or not. Video was used to record passengers’ equipment, seat position, and whether passengers fell or not. 1103 chairs were observed carrying 7293 passengers, of which 4551 (62 %) were skiers and 2742 (38 %) were snowboarders. 877 (12 %) passengers fell while unloading from the chairlift, with a significant difference between 133 skier falls (15 %) and 744 snowboarder falls (85 %) (p= 0.0005). Ski patrol was not required to attend any injuries. There was a significant relationship between seat position and whether passengers fell or not (p=0.02) with fewer falls than expected from seats 3, 4, and 5 and more falls than expected from seats 1, 2, 6, 7, and 8. There was a significant association between time of day/day of the weekend and whether passengers fell or not (p = 0.001) with more falls than expected during the Saturday morning and afternoon sessions, and less falls than expected during the Sunday midday session. Conclusions: The high fall rate, particularly of snowboarders, is of concern due to the potential for injury. Equipment, rather than seat position, had the greatest effect on whether passengers fell or not. The significant association between time of day/day of the weekend and whether passengers fell or not suggests that practice over a single weekend was associated with a significantly reduced risk of falling.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSkis and skiing.
=650  \0$aSkiing injuries.
=650  \0$aSkiing accidents.
=650  \0$aSkiing.
=650  \0$aSnowboarding.
=650  \0$aUnloading.
=650  \0$aChairlift.
=650  \0$aSnow sports injury.
=650  14$aChairlift.
=650  24$aUnloading.
=650  24$aSnowboarding.
=650  24$aSkiing.
=650  24$aSnow sports injury.
=700  1\$aCoates, Lucas,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101401.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101405
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101405$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101405$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aNC1479
=082  04$a796.930207$223
=100  1\$aKrauss, David A.,$eauthor.
=245  13$aAn Evaluation of Perceptual Experience of Skiers Using Quantitative Image Processing /$cDavid A. Krauss, Daniel H. Lieberman, Helene Grossman, Rose Ray, Irving Scher.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b5
=520  3\$aWe applied the principles of visual perception, light, and optics to quantify the influence of ambient sunlight on the ability of skiers and snowboarders to perceive ground contours on a ski slope. To this end, we systematically measured the visibility of the terrain on ski runs under a variety of lighting conditions at Mammoth Mountain in California. Recreational skiers, snowboarders, and ski patrol members were surveyed to determine their subjective ratings of visibility. These subjective visibility ratings for various weather/lighting conditions were compared to quantified on-slope visibility measurements that were obtained using quantitative contrast and luminance measurements. The preliminary results support the objective measure as a tool to objectively quantify on-slope visibility and suggest additional cues skiers/snowboarders may be using to assess visibility. The methodology presented in this paper provides a first step in using software-based image analysis as a tool to predict conditions under which the likelihood of injuries may increase. Ultimately, resorts could use these data to develop methods of enhancing visibility on poorly lit runs before injuries occur.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSkis and skiing$xHumor.
=650  \0$aSkis and skiing$xCaricatures and cartoons.
=650  \0$aSkis and skiing.
=650  \0$aSkiing.
=650  \0$aSnowboarding.
=650  \0$aPerception.
=650  \0$aSnow sports.
=650  \0$aContrast.
=650  \0$aSafety.
=650  \0$aVisibility.
=650  14$aSnow sports.
=650  24$aVisibility.
=650  24$aContrast.
=650  24$aSafety.
=650  24$aSkiing.
=650  24$aSnowboarding.
=650  24$aPerception.
=700  1\$aLieberman, Daniel H.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGrossman, Helene,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRay, Rose,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aScher, Irving,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101405.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101406
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101406$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101406$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRC1220.S5
=082  04$a617.1027$223
=100  1\$aRichards, Darrin,$eauthor.
=245  10$aHead Kinematics During Experimental Snowboard Falls :$bImplications for Snow Helmet Standards /$cDarrin Richards, Michael Carhart, Irving Scher, Reed Thomas, Natalie Hurlen.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aA study by Nakaguchi and Tsutsumi [“Mechanisms of Snowboarding-Related Severe Head Injury: Shear Strain Induced by the Opposite-Edge Phenomenon,” J. Neurosurg, Vol. 97, 2002, pp. 542–548] showed that 68 % of all snowboarders’ head injuries were associated with backward falls, with beginner and intermediate snowboarders constituting the majority of the injured. We previously fabricated a test apparatus that replicated the fall kinematics of a snowboarder during a back-edge trip. A Hybrid-III anthropomorphic test device (ATD) outfitted with a snowboard and snowboarding gear was accelerated to a typical intermediate snowboarder’s speed (30.5 ± 1.5 kph) and tripped resulting in a backward fall that terminated in a head-to-slope impact. This test protocol produced repeatable fall kinematics under realistic on-slope conditions. In this study, we characterized the fall kinematics and quantified head velocity in order to evaluate the helmet energy management requirements associated with a back-edge trip. Digital high-speed video recorded at 500 frames per second was used to quantify the snowboarder’s head kinematics: (i) prior to the trip; (ii) during trip phase; (iii) during free fall; and (iv) at ground impact. Translational energy of the ATD was rapidly converted to a combination of linear and angular energy during the trip phase. Although the speed of the ATD’s center of gravity decreased during the trip phase, the test data showed the absolute speed of the head increased rapidly during the fall as a result of the body’s induced angular rotation. The mean head velocity normal to the slope increased from approximately zero at fall initiation to as much as 37.1 kph during the fall (122 % of the initial velocity), and was 29.1 kph at snow contact (95 % of the initial velocity). Resultant head velocity peaked at 54.3 kph (178 % of the initial velocity), and was 38.2 kph at snow contact (125 % of the initial velocity). The data presented here may be useful for assessing drop height requirements for snow helmet evaluations.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSkis and skiing$xWounds and injuries$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aSkis and skiing$xSafety measures$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aSnowboarding$xWounds and injuries$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aSnowboarding$xSafety measures$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aHelmet testing.
=650  \0$aSkiing.
=650  \0$aSnowboarding.
=650  \0$aHead injuries.
=650  \0$aHelmet standards.
=650  \0$aKinematics.
=650  14$aHelmet.
=650  24$aKinematics.
=650  24$aSkiing.
=650  24$aSnowboarding.
=650  24$aHead injuries.
=650  24$aHelmet standards.
=650  24$aHelmet testing.
=700  1\$aCarhart, Michael,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aScher, Irving,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aThomas, Reed,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHurlen, Natalie,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101406.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101409
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101409$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101409$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP884.A3
=082  04$a620.1/36$223
=100  1\$aYang, C. C.,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Rapid Method for Determination of the Chloride Migration Coefficient in Concrete Using Electrical Field /$cC. C. Yang, S. C. Chiang.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b18
=520  3\$aThe chloride migration test has been widely used in recent years to evaluate the durability of concrete. However, the traditional technique of chloride analysis required a large number of samples and is time-consuming and expensive. This paper presents a simplified procedure for measuring the steady-state chloride migration coefficient in concrete using the accelerated chloride migration test (ACMT). Sixteen mixes of concrete were tested at three curing ages. From the test results, the measurement of the initial electrical current and chloride-time curve in steady state period, the union of fixed time was obtained from the maximum of starting time and the minimum of ending time in the steady-state period following the measurement of the initial electrical current. According to the measurement of initial electrical current and the union fixed time, ACMT provides an accurate and rapid way to estimate the chloride migration coefficient based on the chloride migration rate by using the Nernst-Planck equation.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aConcrete$xAdditives.
=650  \0$aCalcium chloride.
=650  \0$aSteady state.
=650  14$aChloride migration rate.
=650  24$aInitial electrical current.
=650  24$aSteady state.
=650  24$aACMT.
=700  1\$aChiang, S. C.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101409.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101417
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101417$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101417$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aGV413
=082  04$a796.930285$223
=100  1\$aGreenwald, Richard M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffect of Age and Experience on Lower Leg Fractures in Alpine Sports /$cRichard M. Greenwald, Jean-Dominique Laporte.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b8
=520  3\$aThe purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that age and experience level significantly affect injury rates, and lower leg fracture injury rates in particular, in a sufficiently large Alpine sports population. An epidemiology study of skiing, snowboarding, and skiboarding injuries at three large ski resorts covered by the Médecins de Montagne epidemiology network in France was conducted for data collected during the 1998–2004 seasons. Medical injury diagnosis data at the mountain clinic were compiled along with demographic information about the injured skier and their equipment. The population at risk for each sport was determined by collecting control data in parking lot surveys and at the base of lifts using previously published methodologies. There was no significant change in overall injury rates over the seven years for any of the Alpine sports studied. Lower leg fractures and shoulder injuries dominate skiboard injuries, wrist fractures and shoulder injuries dominate snowboard injuries, and knee injuries continue to dominate skiing injuries. The overall rate of lower leg fractures in skiboarding was three to four times higher than in skiing. However, skiers less than 16 years old had approximately the same rate of lower leg fractures as skiboarders of similar age. Overall, beginners had a significantly higher injury rate for all major injury groups. Lower leg fractures occurred in beginner skiers at approximately the same rate as beginner skiboarders. Knee sprains occur much less frequently in skiboarders than skiers. These results demonstrate that while overall injury rates for a specific injury may be significantly different among Alpine sports, controlling for age and ability has a significant impact and must be accounted for when comparing injury rates.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSkis and skiing$xSafety measures.
=650  \0$aSki resorts$xSafety measures.
=650  \0$aSkis and skiing$xRisk assessment.
=650  \0$aAccidents$xPrevention.
=650  \0$aSmartphones.
=650  \0$aApplication software.
=650  \0$aSkiboard.
=650  \0$aFracture.
=650  \0$aBinding.
=650  \0$aSkiing.
=650  \0$aRisk.
=650  \0$aInjury.
=650  14$aSkiboard.
=650  24$aSkiing.
=650  24$aInjury.
=650  24$aFracture.
=650  24$aRisk.
=650  24$aBinding.
=700  1\$aLaporte, Jean-Dominique,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101417.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101419
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101419$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101419$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTL709.3.T83
=082  04$a621.4352$223
=100  1\$aSasaki, Akira,$eauthor.
=245  10$aVarnish Formation in the Gas Turbine Oil Systems /$cAkira Sasaki, Shinji Uchiyama, Mariko Kawasaki.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b8
=520  3\$aThe authors have investigated hydraulic and lubricating oil filter elements used in gas turbine systems which had varnish problems. The hydraulic filter elements were completely plugged with varnish and other degradation products at the first layer of the elements but the lubricating oil filter elements were not plugged with such contamination. However, the proofs of spark discharges of static electricity were found on the lubricating oil filter elements. This paper discusses the details of the investigation of the filter elements and one of the root causes of varnish formation in gas turbine oil systems.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aJet and gas turbine engines.
=650  \0$aOils, lubricants and hydraulic fluids.
=650  \0$aEnergy conservation, consumption and use.
=650  \0$aElectrostatic charge.
=650  \0$aGas turbine.
=650  \0$aVarnish.
=650  \0$aLubrication.
=650  \0$aFilter.
=650  \0$aHydraulics.
=650  14$aGas turbine.
=650  24$aLubrication.
=650  24$aHydraulics.
=650  24$aFilter.
=650  24$aVarnish.
=650  24$aElectrostatic charge.
=700  1\$aUchiyama, Shinji,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKawasaki, Mariko,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101419.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101420
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101420$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101420$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP858
=082  04$a666/.129$223
=100  1\$aPilone, D.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffect of Active Elements on the Oxidation Behavior of a FeCrAl Alloy Produced by Co-Rolling and Annealing /$cD. Pilone, F. Felli, U. Bernabai.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b17
=520  3\$aThe choice of a metal alloy for supporting catalytic converter bodies depends on the mechanical, thermal, and chemical resistance of the alloy under operative conditions. The demand for providing a more efficient conversion instigated the development of improved substrate technologies. In this paper, a thin foil of FeCrAl alloy was produced by diffusion alloying of aluminum clad ferritic stainless steel containing very small amounts of active elements (Hf, Y, Zr). The effect of the active elements on the oxidation behavior of such an alloy has been evaluated. Isothermal tests carried out in air at 900°C, 1000°C, and 1100°C showed kinetics representing a very protective behavior. The oxide scale always appeared very flat and adherent to the substrate. The beneficial effect of active elements on scale protectiveness was apparent also during cyclic oxidation tests carried out in air over the 800–1000°C temperature range. Breakaway oxidation was never observed. Active elements are believed to limit diffusion processes through the scale, and this leads to the formation of a flat and adherent alumina scale that can withstand additional stress due to the thermal expansion mismatch between the oxide and the metal.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAnnealing of glass.
=650  \0$aThermal tempering.
=650  \0$aStress relaxtion.
=650  \0$aOxidation resistance.
=650  \0$aAlumina coating.
=650  \0$aCo-rolling.
=650  \0$aThermal cycling.
=650  \0$aCatalytic converter.
=650  \0$aActive elements.
=650  14$aActive elements.
=650  24$aAlumina coating.
=650  24$aCo-rolling.
=650  24$aSolid state diffusion.
=650  24$aCatalytic converter.
=650  24$aOxidation resistance.
=650  24$aThermal cycling.
=700  1\$aFelli, F.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBernabai, U.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101420.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101426
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101426$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101426$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA715
=082  04$a624.1/5$223
=100  1\$aWilliams, Mark F.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEvaluating Drainage Characteristics of Water Resistive Barriers as Part of an Overall Durable Wall Approach for the Building Enclosure /$cMark F. Williams.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aThe most recent model residential building code has been modified to require increased use of water/weather resistive barrier (WRB) materials in construction, and to require some means of draining water from the building enclosure. However, “drainage” performance is not defined, and the Code is unclear about which currently available WRB products and design approaches help provide a durable water-resistant exterior wall enclosure. The present work is a qualitative, “order of magnitude” study of the drainage characteristics of various types of WRB materials (felts, housewraps, drainage wraps, drainage boards, and furring strips), and is a “first step” toward developing an overall durable wall approach for the building enclosure. The ASTM E2273 drainage efficiency test was used in 40 wall assembly mockups to evaluate 11 WRB materials in 8 design configurations. Traditional WRBs and housewraps provided little or no drainage capability to the exterior wall designs tested. Drainage-enhanced housewraps provided an improved level of drainage, but they still retained water. The retained water can migrate through fastener holes to the underlying construction. Best drainage performance was obtained by using WRBs with furring, drainage mats, and profiled sheets (drainage boards). These overall results are in general agreement with similar research by others. These results can guide designers and builders in the proper selection and use of such materials, which should be used as part of an overall durable wall approach to protecting the building enclosure.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aEarthwork.
=650  \0$aDrainage.
=650  \0$aBuilding sites.
=650  \0$aGroundwater flow.
=650  \0$aBuilding enclosure.
=650  \0$aWater penetration.
=650  \0$aHousewrap.
=650  \0$aBuilding codes.
=650  \0$aFasteners.
=650  \0$aFurring strips.
=650  \0$aBuilding felt.
=650  \0$aDrainage efficiency.
=650  14$aBuilding enclosure.
=650  24$aBuilding codes.
=650  24$aWater resistive barrier.
=650  24$aFasteners.
=650  24$aWater penetration.
=650  24$aHousewrap.
=650  24$aBuilding felt.
=650  24$aFurring strips.
=650  24$aDrainage efficiency.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101426.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101428
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101428$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101428$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH9031
=082  04$a693.8/92$223
=100  1\$aLacasse, M. A.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aLaboratory Tests of Water Penetration through Wall-Window Interfaces Based on U.S. Residential Window Installation Practice /$cM. A. Lacasse, M. Rousseau, S. M. Cornick, M. Armstrong, G. Ganapathy, M. Nicholls, M. F. Williams.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (24 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aInadequate detailing practice and defective installation of windows has accounted for a significant number of premature failures of the building envelope. This has spurred the development of alternative construction details to manage water intrusion at the wall-window interface. Laboratory investigations focused on assessing the effectiveness of wall-window interface details to manage rainwater intrusion in the wall assembly have provided an effective way to obtain useful information on the varying performance of different interface details. Previous studies undertaken to investigate the effectiveness of details typically used in wood frame low-rise wall assemblies have shown the degree to which different details manage rainwater intrusion and the extent of fault tolerance of such systems. This paper reports on results obtained from laboratory testing of two sets of wall-window interface details and variations on their implementation, that are representative of residential and light commercial window installation practice in the United States. Results from these tests indicate that the window installations details of the type assessed in this study are adequate to manage even the most significant rainfall events as might occur in North America. It was also demonstrated that window installation designs that do not permit drainage from the sill are vulnerable to excessive water retention during significant wind-driven rain events. Additionally, critical elements for achieving functional window installation details included: Sill-pan flashing with watertight corners; openings along the interface between the sill and window flange to permit water drainage; and continuity of the air barrier system at the interface with the window frame and window. Such designs could be adopted for climate zones having heightened wind-driven rain loads such as the coastal areas of the United States subjected to severe storm events. The work is limited to evaluating the response of wall-window interface details to simulated wind-driven rain and water penetration; it does not address hygrothermal effects.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBuildings$xProtection.
=650  \0$aDampness in buildings.
=650  \0$aWaterproofing.
=650  \0$aRainwater intrusion.
=650  \0$aWind-driven rain.
=650  \0$aLaboratory tests.
=650  \0$aNail-flange windows.
=650  \0$aWatertightness.
=650  14$aLaboratory tests.
=650  24$aRainwater intrusion.
=650  24$aWall-window interface.
=650  24$aWatertightness.
=650  24$aWindow installation details.
=650  24$aWind-driven rain.
=650  24$aNail-flange windows.
=700  1\$aRousseau, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aCornick, S. M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aArmstrong, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGanapathy, G.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNicholls, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWilliams, M. F.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101428.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101433
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101433$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101433$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRC1220.S5
=082  04$a617.1027$223
=100  1\$aDickson, Tracey,$eauthor.
=245  10$aBehaviors and Attitudes Towards Snowsport Safety in Australia /$cTracey Dickson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b29
=520  3\$aIn order to develop and implement effective snowsport safety strategies, it is essential to understand the behaviors and attitudes of snowsport participants towards snowsport safety. In Australia, there is little published research on snowsport safety even though there are an estimated 2 000 000 skier days annually. This exploratory study, using an on-line survey, seeks to begin to understand the behaviors and attitudes of Australian snowsport participants towards safety upon which further research may be built. The results suggest that additional efforts need to be made to inform people of the real level of risk in snowsports and where, in a resort, the injuries are most likely to occur. In addition, informing people of the benefits of wearing protective equipment will assist protective equipment usage. Key targets for improved safety messages regarding protective equipment usage include alpine skiers, beginners, and females.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSkis and skiing$xWounds and injuries$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aSkis and skiing$xSafety measures$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aSnowboarding$xWounds and injuries$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aSnowboarding$xSafety measures$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aSkiing.
=650  \0$aSnowboarding.
=650  \0$aSnowsport injuries.
=650  \0$aProtective equipment.
=650  \0$aSafety.
=650  14$aSnowsport injuries.
=650  24$aSafety.
=650  24$aSkiing.
=650  24$aSnowboarding.
=650  24$aProtective equipment.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101433.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101434
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101434$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101434$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTE7
=082  04$a624/.252$223
=100  1\$aKevern, J. T.,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Novel Approach to Characterize Entrained Air Content in Pervious Concrete /$cJ. T. Kevern, K. Wang, V. R. Schaefer.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aThe current pervious concrete placed in cold climates generally contains air entrainment but, unlike traditional concrete, the evaluation of entrained air is not performed. This paper presents results from a study that characterized the entrained air voids in pervious concrete using a RapidAir system. The RapidAir system is an automatic device that determines the air void properties of hardened concrete according to ASTM C457, “Standard Test Method for Microscopical Determination of Parameters of the Air-Void System in Hardened Concrete.” Two types of aggregates, i.e., crushed limestone and rounded river gravel (pea gravel), and two types of air entraining agents, i.e., natural and synthetic, were used. The air entrainment dosage rates varied from zero to double the manufacturer’s recommended dosage. Compressive strength, tensile strength, and freeze-thaw durability (ASTM C666A) of the pervious concrete were tested. The results show that use of air entrainment improves workability of pervious concrete, thus reducing the overall porosity and increasing unit weight of the pervious concrete. The strength and freeze-thaw durability also increases with the level of entrained air in pervious concrete.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aConcrete bridges$xFloors.
=650  \0$aFrost resistant concrete.
=650  \0$aBridge decks.
=650  \0$aFreeze thaw durability.
=650  \0$aDeterioration.
=650  \0$aPervious concrete.
=650  \0$aAir content testing.
=650  \0$aAir entrainment.
=650  14$aPervious concrete.
=650  24$aFreeze-thaw durability.
=650  24$aFreeze-thaw resistance.
=650  24$aAir entrainment.
=650  24$aAir content testing.
=700  1\$aWang, K.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSchaefer, V. R.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101434.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101446
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101446$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101446$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH9031
=082  04$a693.8/92$223
=100  1\$aLacasse, M. A.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aTowards Development of a Performance Standard for Assessing the Effectiveness of Wall-Window Interface Details to Manage Rainwater Intrusion /$cM. A. Lacasse, S. M. Cornick, M. Rousseau, M. Armstrong, G. Ganapathy, M. Nicholls, S. Plescia.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (18 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b29
=520  3\$aLaboratory water spray testing identifies the performance of a component or assembly under a specified set of simulated wind-driven rain conditions. Well-developed water spray test protocols can also help identify where an assembly is vulnerable to water entry, the test loads at which water entry occurs, and whether the water entry is managed by the installation details in such a way that it does not result in within-wall damage. This paper presents a proposed laboratory test protocol for assessing the effectiveness of wall-window interface details with regard to management of rainwater and provides a rationale for a performance-based approach to the evaluation method. An overview of the test approach is provided, and details of the test apparatus and test specimen are given, including information on implementation of the test method. Examples of testing performed according to the proposed protocol are provided. Finally additional tests for evaluating the performance of installation details are suggested. The additional tests are for field evaluation of installation details and for laboratory evaluation of installation details with regard to the risk of condensation along window frames.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBuildings$xProtection.
=650  \0$aDampness in buildings.
=650  \0$aWaterproofing.
=650  \0$aLaboratory testing.
=650  \0$aRainwater intrusion.
=650  \0$aInstallation details.
=650  \0$aWatertightness.
=650  \0$aPerformance test.
=650  14$aInstallation details.
=650  24$aLaboratory testing.
=650  24$aPerformance test.
=650  24$aRainwater intrusion.
=650  24$aWall-window interface.
=650  24$aWatertightness.
=700  1\$aCornick, S. M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRousseau, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aArmstrong, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGanapathy, G.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNicholls, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPlescia, S.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101446.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101452
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101452$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101452$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQP632.E4
=082  04$a615.95293$223
=100  1\$aLuginbuehl, Reto,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAnalysis of Endotoxin Residues on Cleaned Implant Materials /$cReto Luginbuehl, Alexandra Fluri.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b28
=520  3\$aIn this study we have investigated the effect of bacteria-containing metal working fluids on the biological residues, which may be found on orthopedic implants. Thus, test coupons and unfinished implants made from commercial pure titanium and titanium aluminum niob were immersed in metal-working fluids containing Pseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes bacteria. Subsequently, these samples were cleaned by means of a multi-tank industrial cleaning scheme, which is commonly used in the medical device industry. The samples were then analyzed with a rapid screening test for bacteria, a Ps. pseudoalcaligenes, specifically, quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) protocol for DNA detection and the Limulus Amebocyte Lysate gel clot test for endotoxins. None of the test pieces showed any biological residues after the cleaning process. There is no increased risk regarding biological residues for metallic implants that were in contact with bacteria containing metal-working fluids if the devices are properly cleaned. A higher risk for biological contamination would more likely arise from any processes after the final cleaning, i.e., from handling, environmental factors, or packaging of the materials.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aEndotoxins$xAnalysis.
=650  \0$aPyrogens$xAnalysis.
=650  \0$aLimulus test.
=650  \0$aDrugs$xMicrobiology.
=650  \0$aMetal-working fluid.
=650  \0$aMedical device.
=650  \0$aContamination.
=650  \0$aEndotoxin.
=650  \0$aCleanliness.
=650  \0$aResidues.
=650  \0$aImplant.
=650  14$aEndotoxin.
=650  24$aMedical device.
=650  24$aImplant.
=650  24$aMetal-working fluid.
=650  24$aPseudomonas pseudoalcaligenes.
=650  24$aCleanliness.
=650  24$aResidues.
=650  24$aContamination.
=700  1\$aFluri, Alexandra,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101452.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101453
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101453$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101453$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aGV854.9.S3
=082  04$a617/.1027$223
=100  1\$aEkeland, Arne,$eauthor.
=245  10$aInjuries in Norwegian Ski Resorts the Winter Seasons of 2005 and 2006 /$cArne Ekeland, Andreas Rødven.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b21
=520  3\$aA central ski patrol-based registration of skiing and boarding injuries was performed by the Norwegian Ski Lift Association during the winter seasons 2004/2005 and 2005/2006. Totals of 8130 injured skiers/boarders and 5.466 million skier/boarder days were recorded during the two seasons, giving an injury rate of 1.5 injured per 1000 skier/boarder days. Most of the injuries occurred during alpine skiing (58 %) and snowboarding (35 %), compared to telemark skiing (3 %) and skiboarding (4 %). Wrist injuries were common among injured snowboarders (26 %) compared to only 5 % each for the others (P<0.001). The knee was the main injury location in alpine skiers (24 %) compared to 23 % among skiboarders, 14 % among telemarkers and only 7 % among snowboarders (P<0.001). The percentage of knee injuries in females (28 %) was almost twice as high as for males (P<0.001), whereas shoulder injuries were twice as high in males (17 %) as in females (8 %) (P<0.001). As a percentage of all injuries, skiboarders suffered more fractures (34 %) than snowboarders (33 %), telemarkers (26 %), and alpine skiers (22 %) (P<0.001), but fracture of the lower leg was uncommon among snowboarders (1 %) and telemarkers (3 %) compared to alpine skiers (6 %) and skiboarders (13 %) (P<0.001). Lower leg fractures accounted for 4 % of the injured alpine skiers 20 years and older, 3 % for adolescents aged 13 – 19 years compared to 13 % for children 12 years and younger (P<0.001). Twenty percent of the skiers/boarders were injured in terrain parks. They suffered more fractures, head, and back injuries than those injured on groomed slopes (P<0.01). In conclusion, injured alpine skiers were most prone to knee injuries, and skiboarders to lower leg fractures. This fracture was still a common injury for children in these two disciplines. Injured snowboarders were most prone to suffer wrist injuries. The prevalence of knee injuries among females was almost twice that of males, whereas the reverse was observed for shoulder injuries.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSkis and skiing$xSafety measures.
=650  \0$aHead$xWounds and injuries.
=650  \0$aAthletic Injuries$xprevention & control.
=650  \0$aCraniocerebral Trauma$xprevention & control.
=650  \0$aSkiing Accidents and injuries.
=650  \0$aSkiing trauma.
=650  \0$aSkiboarding.
=650  \0$aSkiing.
=650  \0$aSnowboarding.
=650  \0$aChildren.
=650  \0$aAthletic injuries.
=650  \0$aFractures.
=650  \0$aSports.
=650  \0$aSprains.
=650  \0$aTibial fractures.
=650  14$aAge factors.
=650  24$aAthletic injuries.
=650  24$aChildren.
=650  24$aFractures.
=650  24$aSkiing.
=650  24$aSkiing trauma.
=650  24$aSnowboarding.
=650  24$aSkiboarding.
=650  24$aSports.
=650  24$aSprains.
=650  24$aTibial fractures.
=700  1\$aRødven, Andreas,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101453.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101455
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101455$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101455$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aSD11
=082  04$a634.9$223
=100  1\$aKaragiozis, Achilles N.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Effect of Air Cavity Convection on the Wetting and Drying Behavior of Wood-Frame Walls Using a Multi-Physics Approach /$cAchilles N. Karagiozis, Hartwig M. Kuenzel.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b22
=520  3\$aThe moisture performance of building envelope systems are strongly dependent on the materials used, the workmanship, and the exposure loads from the interior and exterior environments. The authors have long recognized the need to include the effects of exterior cladding ventilation in the predictive capability of software tools used for hygrothermal analysis. Exterior cladding ventilation has been studied, but no conclusive recommendations have been generated until recently (Burnett, E., Straube, J., and Karagiozis, A., “Synthesis Report and Guidelines,” ASHRAE TRP-1091 Report No. 12, Nov. 2004). While the physics describing the thermal and moisture transport in the presence of air convection is understood, the pressure dynamics is still somewhat qualitatively known. With the addition of new literature data and available field generated monitored data, a simplified model for the wall air cavity ventilation was developed. The scientific approach followed initially included the benchmarking of multi-dimensional advanced hygrothermal model with laboratory and field data. The flow was understood for a wide range of exterior loadings, and once this was completed, an attempt to reduce the complex three-dimensional air flow characteristics into a simple one-dimensional analogue was made. The paper describes how this important feature was included into the WUFI-4.1 software. The paper also describes how users may employ this feature in hygrothermal designs to investigate the advantages and disadvantages of cavity ventilation. Results are also presented on the hygrothermal performance of two walls, one ventilated and the other is unvented. Results show that major differences were predicted and the wall with the ventilation cavity dried out nearly five times faster than the wall without the ventilation. Field monitored stucco wall systems with and without cavity ventilation are also included compared to the prediction provided by the hygrothermal model. Good agreement is shown between the field and WUFI 4.1 model.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBrick walls$xTesting.
=650  \0$aExterior walls$xTesting.
=650  \0$aWood$xMoisture.
=650  \0$aMoisture performance.
=650  \0$aAir convection.
=650  \0$aVentilation.
=650  \0$aSimulations.
=650  14$aAir convection.
=650  24$aVentilation.
=650  24$aMoisture performance.
=650  24$aHygrothermal performance.
=650  24$aSimulations.
=700  1\$aKuenzel, Hartwig M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101455.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101456
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2007\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101456$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101456$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aU395.C2D313
=082  04$a620$223
=100  1\$aButke, Betsy,$eauthor.
=245  10$aContamination of Power Generation Lubricants /$cBetsy Butke, Allan Barber, Christina Oliveto.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2007.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (5 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b5
=520  3\$aThis paper examines the potential sources of fluid contamination that may occur during the manufacture, transportation, delivery, and use of a turbine oil for power generation. A turbine oil is a very precise formulation. If it becomes polluted with other lubricants or water, its performance could be compromised. The paper first identifies the potential sources of contamination that may be found when using a turbine oil. Then the consequences of contamination of the lubricant are considered. In conclusion, the paper proposes possible solutions to some of these practical problems regarding the sources of contamination. The paper will not consider the effects of particulate contamination. Because this is a well documented subject, the need for high levels of cleanliness in turbines is accepted practice.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aGas chromatography.
=650  \0$aHydraulic fluids$xContamination.
=650  \0$aLubrication and lubricants.
=650  \0$aCalcium.
=650  \0$aContamination.
=650  \0$aMetals.
=650  \0$aTurbine oils.
=650  \0$aLubricant.
=650  \0$aCompatibility.
=650  \0$aDemulsibility.
=650  \0$aFilterability.
=650  14$aTurbine oils.
=650  24$aContamination.
=650  24$aDemulsibility.
=650  24$aFilterability.
=650  24$aMetals.
=650  24$aCalcium.
=650  24$aZinc.
=650  24$aLubricant.
=650  24$aCompatibility.
=700  1\$aBarber, Allan,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aOliveto, Christina,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 4, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2007$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101456.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101467
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101467$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101467$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN719.5;
=082  04$a669.1413$223
=100  1\$aLucon, Enrico,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAssessing the Loading Rate for a Fracture Toughness Test in the Ductile-to-Brittle Transition Region /$cEnrico Lucon, Marc Scibetta.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b4
=520  3\$aFor fracture toughness tests in the ductile-to-brittle transition region, ASTM E1921-05 requires specimens to be loaded using a loading rate dK/dt between 0.1 and 2 MPa√m/s during the initial elastic portion. It has been proposed that the standard allow testing at higher loading rates, including precracked Charpy specimens tested on an instrumented pendulum machine (impact toughness tests). The revised standard would require test results (KJc or To) to be reported along with the relevant loading rate, and should therefore provide guidance on how to assess the value of dK/dt in a relatively simple but reliable manner. Various options for measuring the loading rate have been investigated in this paper for several fracture toughness tests performed at different loading rates (quasi-static, dynamic, and impact). For each loading rate, three different toughness levels have been considered: low, medium, and high. Three considerably different materials have been selected: two RPV steels (JRQ, JSPS) and a ferritic/martensitic 9 % chromium steel (EUROFER97). It is found that the preferable option is given by the ratio between KJc and time at the onset of cleavage, whereas the elastic value Kel/tel or the average dK/dt can be used when partial unloadings are performed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aIron, Nodular.
=650  \0$aDuctile iron.
=650  \0$aLoading rate.
=650  14$aDuctile-to-brittle transition region.
=650  24$aLoading rate.
=650  24$aImpact toughness tests.
=700  1\$aScibetta, Marc,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101467.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101491
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101491$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101491$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aSB951.13
=082  04$a363.17/92$223
=100  1\$aYu, Y.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEvaporation of Pesticide Droplets on Surfaces Under Various Relative Humidity Conditions /$cY. Yu, H. Zhu, H. E. Ozkan.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aIt is important to understand the evaporation process of pesticide droplets on targets for increasing the efficiency and efficacy of foliar applied insecticide and fungicide spray applications. Evaporation characteristics of five droplet sizes (246, 343, 575, 762, and 886 μm) under three relative humidity (RH) conditions (30, 60, and 90 %) were studied in a laboratory. Sequential images of evaporating droplets placed inside a small environmentally controlled chamber were obtained using a stereoscope for determination of droplet evaporation time and residual patterns. The spray mixtures included different combinations of water, a nonionic colloidal polymer drift retardant, an alkyl polyoxyethylene surfactant, and an insecticide. The droplet evaporation was investigated on the surfaces of hydrophilic and hydrophobic glass slides which represented ideal non-waxy and waxy leaf surfaces, respectively. Among the spray mixtures investigated, the droplets containing the drift retardant had the longest evaporation time, and the droplets containing the surfactant had the shortest evaporation time after these additives were added into insecticide mixtures. The mean evaporation time of 246, 343, 575, 762, and 886 μm droplets containing water and the insecticide without additives at 60 % RH on the hydrophilic surface were 43, 77, 133, 226, and 384 s, respectively. The mean evaporation times of the same size droplets containing the same insecticide but mixed with the surfactant were 26, 47, 77, 156, and 251 s, respectively. The evaporation time of 575 μm droplets containing the drift retardant at 60 % RH increased from 159 s to 224 s when the deposition surface changed from the hydrophilic slide to the hydrophobic slide. The evaporation time of droplets greatly increased as RH increased, and also increased exponentially as the droplet size increased. Therefore, spray additives, target surface fine structure and RH greatly influenced the evaporation time of spray droplets.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPesticide residues in food.
=650  \0$aPesticides.
=650  \0$aPesticides$xEnvironmental aspects.
=650  \0$aPests$xControl.
=650  \0$aDroplet size.
=650  \0$aEvaporation time.
=650  \0$aDrift retardant.
=650  \0$aSurfactant.
=650  \0$aSpray efficiency.
=650  14$aEvaporation time.
=650  24$aDroplet size.
=650  24$aPesticide formulation.
=650  24$aSurfactant.
=650  24$aDrift retardant.
=650  24$aSpray efficiency.
=700  1\$aZhu, H.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aOzkan, H. E.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101491.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101493
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101493$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101493$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aD763.I82
=082  04$a940.54/2158$223
=100  1\$aFritz, Bradley K.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCollection Efficiencies of Various Airborne Spray Flux Samplers Used in Aerial Application Research /$cBradley K. Fritz, W. Clint Hoffmann.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b27
=520  3\$aA low air speed, spray dispersion tunnel was constructed and used to evaluate the collection efficiency of passive spray flux collectors. The dispersion tunnel utilizes an air-assisted nozzle to generate a spray cloud with a DV0.5 of 18.5 (±0.4) μm at air speeds ranging from 0.4–4.0 m/s. A sampling protocol was developed to minimize spray flux and air speed variation effects while providing a check on theoretical collection efficiency calculations. A soda straw and monofilament line was placed on either side of a nylon screen cylinder collector, and all three were positioned in the center of the tunnel’s cross-sectional area. Twelve replicated trials were conducted at air speeds of 0.4, 1.3, 2, and 3.8 m/s. Droplet size was measured every replication using a Sympatec HELOS laser diffraction system. Using theoretical collection efficiencies for cylinders and the measured fractional droplet size, the actual flux was estimated from the volume of spray collected on the soda straw and monofilament samplers and used to determine the collection efficiency of the nylon screen cylinder. Collection efficiency increased with air speed for all collectors and results ranged from 5 to 40 % for the soda straws, 46 to 83 % for the monofilament line, and 9 to 98 % for the nylon screen cylinders. Collection efficiency data are crucial to the evaluation of field collected data from aerial application research studies with respect to mass accountability and comparisons to other studies and drift model results.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAirborne operations (Military science)
=650  \0$aArmed Forces$xParachute troops.
=650  \0$aMilitary campaigns.
=650  \0$aMilitary operations, Aerial$xAmerican.
=650  \0$aSpray sampling.
=650  \0$aSpray collection.
=650  \0$aFlux measurements.
=650  \0$aDrift.
=650  \0$aCollection efficiency.
=650  14$aCollection efficiency.
=650  24$aSpray sampling.
=650  24$aFlux measurements.
=650  24$aSpray collection.
=650  24$aDrift.
=700  1\$aHoffmann, W. Clint,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101493.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101494
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101494$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101494$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA403
=082  04$a620.1/1 s$223
=100  1\$aParkhomenko, O.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aInvestigation of Irradiation Hardening and Embrittlement of Zr-2.5%Nb Alloy with High-Energy (e,γ)-Beams /$cO. Parkhomenko, V. Grytsyna, T. Chernyayeva, V. Azhazha, V. Krasnorutskyy, L. Ozhigov, V. Savchenko.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b38
=520  3\$aThe paper researches into the effect of the initial structural condition of Zr-2.5%Nb alloy, which is widely used in reactor engineering to manufacture reactor core components (mainly as a structural material for RBMK and CANDU pressure tubes), and of irradiation conditions (temperature, applied stress) on irradiation hardening and embrittlement. The reactor damage of Zr-2.5%Nb alloy was modeled with a method of high-energy 225 MeV (e,γ)-beam irradiation, which allows samples to be irradiated under strictly controlled stress conditions. The research has been carried out on Zr-2.5%Nb alloy exposed to four types of thermo-mechanical treatment. It has been found that the alloy is susceptible to intensive irradiation embrittlement irrespective of its initial condition, and the intensity of Zr-2.5%Nb irradiation hardening greatly depends on pre-treatment. In contrast to other conditions, Zr-2.5%Nb alloy is virtually not susceptible to irradiation hardening after high-speed high-frequency (SHF) heating, quenching, and subsequent annealing in the high-temperature range of the α-region, during which the double-phase α+βNb state with high dispersion of βNb (∼1023 m−3) precipitates develops. The obtained results are in good agreement with the post-reactor irradiation tensile test results. The study demonstrates the efficiency of high-energy (e,γ)-beam irradiation for investigating the irradiation hardening and embrittlement of zirconium alloys.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAlloys$xEmbrittlement.
=650  \0$aMicrostructure.
=650  \0$aIrradiation hardening.
=650  \0$aDeformation.
=650  \0$aEmbrittlement.
=650  14$aZr-2.5%Nb alloy.
=650  24$aMicrostructure.
=650  24$a(e,γ)-irradiation.
=650  24$aIrradiation hardening.
=650  24$aEmbrittlement.
=650  24$aDeformation.
=700  1\$aGrytsyna, V.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aChernyayeva, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAzhazha, V.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKrasnorutskyy, V.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aOzhigov, L.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSavchenko, V.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101494.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101497
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101497$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101497$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aS599.A1
=082  04$a333.76/0973$223
=100  1\$aSojka, R. E.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSoil Water Measurements Relevant to Agronomic and Environmental Functions of Chemically Treated Soil /$cR. E. Sojka, G. A. Lehrsch, S. J. Kostka, J. L. Reed, A. C. Koehn, J. A. Foerster.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (20 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b68
=520  3\$aModern agricultural, turf, and landscape management routinely apply and depend upon chemical applications to optimize system function for specific outcomes. The effectiveness of these applied chemicals to achieve desired outcomes usually depends upon their interaction with and transport by water. To fully and accurately assess the role of water as a chemical delivery and activation system requires a good understanding of how the applied chemicals, soil, and water interact, the scale at which a phenomenon is important, the nature of soil variability, and which of the three dominant soil water properties (content, movement, or potential energy) is most suited to assessing water’s role. The science of this assessment process is extensive and its literature is voluminous. For the uninitiated, however, it is worth being aware at least of the basics of soil water assessment and where some of the pitfalls lie. This presentation describes soil as a three-phase system (solids, liquid, and gases) and highlights some of the key measurements and measurement considerations necessary to appropriately characterize treatment efficacy for specific, and especially, non-intuitive effects. The presentation cannot be comprehensive or substitute for requisite university-level courses in soil physics and soil chemistry, but can, perhaps, alert applicators to situations and considerations that demand more than mere cursory assessment for proper evaluation and interpretation.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAgricultural ecology.
=650  \0$aSediment control.
=650  \0$aSoil management.
=650  \0$aSoils$xQuality.
=650  \0$aWater quality management.
=650  \0$aSurface seal.
=650  \0$aWater potential.
=650  \0$aInfiltration.
=650  \0$aNeutron attenuation.
=650  \0$aPsychrometer.
=650  \0$aTensiometer.
=650  \0$aMiscible displacement.
=650  14$aWater potential.
=650  24$aInfiltration.
=650  24$aHydraulic conductivity.
=650  24$aMiscible displacement.
=650  24$aPsychrometer.
=650  24$aTensiometer.
=650  24$aTDR.
=650  24$aNeutron attenuation.
=650  24$aSurface seal.
=700  1\$aLehrsch, G. A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKostka, S. J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aReed, J. L.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKoehn, A. C.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFoerster, J. A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101497.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101502
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101502$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101502$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aSB975
=082  04$a634.9'696$223
=100  1\$aHutchins, Scott H.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aNovel Delivery Systems for Integrated Pest Management /$cScott H. Hutchins, Karen M. Swayze.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (5 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b3
=520  3\$aIntegrated Pest Management (IPM) has long been a concept embraced by biologists in academia and government, but often the theory of IPM has outpaced the reality of private-sector technology development. Times have now changed and the private sector has developed the vision and products to enable IPM using biological, chemical, and cultural practices. In this paper, we explore the success and continued challenges of developing delivery systems (including formulations) that improve the regulatory profile, expand the performance, minimize off-target effects, and create positive supply-side economics for the manufacturer. Indeed, the changing face of agricultural production, regulation, and competition has created the perfect opportunity—right now—to reinvent our product profiles and raise the bar. The regulatory paradigm that only actives will be of concern has changed in most parts of the world and now must be a consideration with the composition of most products. Precision delivery of actives, irrespective of their formulation, also may enable the utility of older molecules to be rejuvenated and expanded. All of these uncertainties provide risks, but for the wise, also present opportunities to extend the value of older technology with proprietary approaches and to ensure newer technologies see a long life in IPM systems.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPests$xBiological control.
=650  \0$aForest management.
=650  \0$aPest Control$xmethods.
=650  \0$aPests.
=650  \0$aPesticide.
=650  \0$aDelivery system.
=650  \0$aFormulation.
=650  14$aIntegrated pest management.
=650  24$aIPM.
=650  24$aPesticide.
=650  24$aDelivery system.
=650  24$aFormulation.
=650  24$aInert.
=700  1\$aSwayze, Karen M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101502.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101503
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101503$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101503$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aPZ7.R71966
=082  04$ajC813/.6$223
=100  1\$aShealy, Jasper E.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aReview of Research Literature on Snowboarding Injuries as Might Relate to an Adjustable/Releasable Snowboard Binding /$cJasper E. Shealy, Robert J. Johnson, Carl F. Ettlinger.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b26
=520  3\$aThe issue of an adjustable releasable binding for snowboard skiing has been the subject of comment for many years. This literature review covers a total of 24 papers, one presentation, and one previously unpublished data source (total of 26 references); they range from the earliest known study to the most recent known survey as of July 2006. There are numerous other papers that deal with various aspects of snowboard injuries, but it was judged that they did not have any significant bearing on the issue of a release binding, and thus we have not included them in this review. The purpose of the review is to examine the available peer-reviewed research literature on this topic with the purpose of identifying injury patterns and mechanisms of injury that would be amenable to mitigation by means of an adjustable releasable binding. The main conclusion is that the risk of tibia fracture (as determined in absolute terms using MDBI) is significantly higher for skiing than for snowboarding, even though ski bindings have a release capability and snowboard bindings by-and-large do not. The current concept of releasable/adjustable snowboard bindings appears to be based in large measure on the releasable/adjustable alpine ski bindings. This conclusion is based on the observation that the primary release mechanisms are substantially the same, i.e., lateral at the toe and vertically at the heel. The only known standards testing ever done of a snowboard binding (Meyer) used Alpine ski binding evaluation methods. To the best of our knowledge, no snowboarding binding manufacturer has ever explicitly expressed anything to the contrary; i.e., the model of protection is different from Alpine ski bindings. Thus the only logical conclusion is that the release function of the snowboard binding would be the same for snowboarders as the release function of Alpine ski bindings is for skiers; i.e., protection of the mid-shaft region of the tibia. As of the time of this review, there have been no scientific studies performed (or published) to demonstrate whether releasable snowboard bindings would have any effect on injury rates in snowboarding in general or for any specific injury. The many published studies on snowboard injury rates, alone or compared to Alpine skiing injuries, have led to significant speculation that releasable snowboard bindings would not decrease injury rates, and that they might perhaps increase injury rates in snowboarding. Appropriate scientific studies are required to demonstrate their potential effectiveness. There does not seem to be any biomechanical or epidemiological evidence (either relative in terms of percent of all injuries, or absolute in terms of MDBI) that releasable bindings for snowboards would be likely to reduce the incidence of injuries that are significantly controlled for with Alpine ski bindings, and therefore this review does not lend support to the proposition that a releasable binding similar to current Alpine ski bindings should be a recommended practice for snowboarding.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSnowboarding$xFiction.
=650  \0$aSnowboarding$xJuvenile fiction.
=650  \0$aLiterature.
=650  \0$aSnowboarding.
=650  \0$aSnowboard.
=650  14$aSnowboard.
=650  24$aReleasable adjustable binding.
=700  1\$aJohnson, Robert J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aEttlinger, Carl F.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101503.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101504
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101504$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101504$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aBF575.G7
=082  04$a155.9/37/092$223
=100  1\$aShealy, Jasper E.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDo Helmets Reduce Fatalities or Merely Alter the Patterns of Death? /$cJasper E. Shealy, Robert J. Johnson, Carl F. Ettlinger.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (4 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aThe use of helmets has been proposed as a means of reducing the incidence of fatality in skiing and snowboarding. This paper presents results that suggest that while helmets may be effective at preventing minor injuries, they have not been shown to reduce the overall incidence of fatality in skiing and snowboarding even though as many as 40 % of the population at risk are currently using helmets. The results indicate that the use of a helmet will indeed influence the primary cause of death, but perhaps not the ultimate outcome.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBereavement.
=650  \0$aMothers and sons.
=650  \0$aSnowboarding$xAccidents.
=650  \0$aSnowboard.
=650  \0$aDeath.
=650  \0$aFatality.
=650  14$aSki.
=650  24$aSnowboard.
=650  24$aDeath.
=650  24$aFatality.
=700  1\$aJohnson, Robert J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aEttlinger, Carl F.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101504.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101512
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101512$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101512$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aCC79.E85
=082  04$a930.1$223
=100  1\$aJoyce, James A.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAnalysis of Material Inhomogeneity in the European Round Robin Fracture Toughness Data Set /$cJames A. Joyce, Xiaosheng Gao.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (19 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b15
=520  3\$aThe European fracture toughness dataset was developed by ten European laboratories in order to provide an experimental data base sufficiently large to study specimen size and temperature effects on cleavage fracture toughness in the ductile-to-brittle transition regime. The initial Master Curve analysis of this data set was presented by Wallin [Eng. Fract. Mech., Vol. 69, 2002, pp. 451–481. showing a range of T0 reference values ranging from −80°C to −110°C, with −90°C as an average and a standard deviation of 6.7°C. The initial round robin data set included all scaled C(T) specimens ranging from 1/2T to 4T in scale, but more recently additional specimens have been tested using this material including deep and shallow crack bend specimens (SE(B)) [Link, R. E., unpublished], precracked Charpy size specimens [Wallin, K., Fracture, Fatigue, and Residual stress—PVP, Vol. 393, J. Pan, Ed., ASME, New York (1999)], and even some biaxially loaded cruciform specimens [Lidbury, D. P. G., Fatigue Fract. Eng. Mater. Struct., Vol. 29, 2006, pp. 829–849]. These specimens are being analyzed to develop and test constraint analysis tools essential in the application of the Master Curve method to structural applications in the commercial nuclear power industry. The present authors have also developed fracture toughness data on this material over a range of loading rates to investigate the sensitivity of the calibrated Weibull coefficients used in the constraint correction models of Gao and Dodds [Eng. Fract. Mech., Vol., 68, 2001, pp. 263–284] to material loading rates in typical nuclear pressure vessel steels. Clear material inhomogeneity characteristics have developed in this data, and it was felt that a more complete investigation of the inhomogenity in the Euro forging data set should be conducted. Following the proposal of Wallin [Eng. Fract. Mech., Vol. 71, No. 16, 2004, pp. 2392–2346], software was written to investigate whether the subject data set could best be expressed as a bimodal distribution of two combined Master Curve distributions, and this software was then applied to the various individual data sets in the European round robin data. The output of each analysis (e.g., the 2T data set) was two Tx values and a probability value pa, where Ta and Tb are the T0 values for the two constituents and pa is the probability of Ta. Using a procedure being developed as an annex to ASTM E1921 which is based on suggestions of Wallin, standard deviations of each of these quantities are estimated and used to judge if the dataset represents inhomogeneous material. The results show that several of the data sets obtained in the original round robin test program are better described by bimodal probability distributions than by the single Weibull distribution of ASTM E1921. Both single specimen datasets, and multi-temperature analysis of the various size specimens appear to show a preference for bimodal probability distributions. Additional sets of precracked Charpy size specimens were then machined from slices of the cross section and the results of testing these specimens shows that some cross sections of the Euro forging demonstrate a clear pattern of toughness variation across the forging cross section, while other cross sections show nearly constant fracture toughness with crack position. A major conclusion of this work is that making “mechanics based” conclusions comparing constraint effects using the Euro forging material is going to be more difficult given the apparent presence of material inhomogeneity in this material as demonstrated very convincingly by the data and analysis presented in this paper.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aEthnoarchaeology.
=650  \0$aSocial archaeology.
=650  \0$aMaterial culture.
=700  1\$aGao, Xiaosheng,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101512.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101513
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=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
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=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101513$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101513$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTD196.C63
=082  04$a333.822$223
=100  1\$aKocaman, Israfil,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffects of Coal Clinkers on Physical and Mechanical Properties of the Briquettes /$cIsrafil Kocaman, Can Burak Sisman, Erhan Gezer.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b18
=520  3\$aThis study was carried out to investigate the effect of coal clinker used in briquette production on physical and mechanical properties of briquettes. To do this, seven briquette classes were formed by changing the volume of coal clinker and all-in aggregates and porous briquettes were produced for each class according to Turkish Codex no. 406 (TS 406) and tested. Increasing ratio of coal clinker volume affected the compressive strength and water absorption of the briquettes negatively. As for the dimensional changes, bulk densities, losses due to freezing-thawing, and heat conductivity decreased and were affected positively. It was concluded that coal clinkers might be used in briquette production in certain ratio to make them profitable and lessen their adverse effects on the environment.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCement clinkers.
=650  \0$aCement kilns.
=650  \0$aCoal.
=650  \0$aAll-in aggregate.
=650  \0$aBriquette.
=650  \0$aCoal clinkers.
=650  \0$aMechanical properties.
=650  \0$aPhysical properties.
=650  14$aBriquette.
=650  24$aCoal clinkers.
=650  24$aAll-in aggregate.
=650  24$aMechanical properties.
=650  24$aPhysical properties.
=700  1\$aBurak Sisman, Can,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGezer, Erhan,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101513.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101519
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=005  20161219061000.0
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=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101519$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101519$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTG414
=082  04$a624.2/028/8$223
=100  1\$aWilliamson, G.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aProbabilistic Chloride Corrosion Service Life Model Validation :$bGlobal and Individual Bridge Deck Predictions /$cG. Williamson, R. E. Weyers, M. M. Sprinkel.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b20
=520  3\$aDeterioration of steel reinforced concrete bridge decks by chloride induced corrosion in North America is of major concern. Chloride from applications of sodium, calcium, and magnesium chloride during winter maintenance operations initiates corrosion, which subsequently spalls the reinforcing steel cover concrete. Initial service life prediction models were diffusion based deterministic/empirical models, which significantly overestimate service lives. Probabilistic solutions provided more realistic estimates. However, chloride corrosion service life models for reinforced concrete elements have not been sufficiently validated against actual field performance. The objective of this study was to validate a probabilistic model using field survey data from ten bridge decks built in Virginia. Field surveys included damage assessments as the sum of spalls, delaminations, and patches. Damage surveys were conducted initially and 3 years later. Chloride content and clear concrete cover depth surveys were conducted to establish cover depth, surface chloride concentration, and chloride diffusion constant global variations. Validation comparisons were performed considering the ten decks as representative of a construction era and as individual decks. Results demonstrated that the probabilistic model accurately predicts global performance but not individual deck performance. Damage predictions of individual decks were greater than and less than the field assessed condition. Differences ranged from an overestimate of 64 years to an underestimate of 11 years. Underestimates averaged 14 years and overestimates averaged 43 years. The large overestimates of 44, 62, and 64 years occurred for estimated service lives of 80–100 years. Insufficient number of model input parameters of surface chloride and particularly the diffusion constant is the plausible reason for the lack of prediction accuracies for the individual decks.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aConcrete bridges$xCorrosion.
=650  \0$aReinforced concrete$xCorrosion.
=650  \0$aCathodic protection.
=650  \0$aChloride content.
=650  \0$aCorrosion resistant materials.
=650  \0$aChloride.
=650  \0$aService life.
=650  \0$aModeling.
=650  \0$aCorrosion.
=650  \0$aMonte Carlo.
=650  \0$aProbability.
=650  14$aChloride.
=650  24$aCorrosion.
=650  24$aModeling.
=650  24$aService life.
=650  24$aMonte Carlo.
=650  24$aProbability.
=700  1\$aWeyers, R. E.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSprinkel, M. M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101519.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101523
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101523$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101523$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTS228.9
=082  04$a671.5/29$223
=100  1\$aMedgenberg, Justus,$eauthor.
=245  10$aIn-situ Fatigue Damage Investigations in Welded Metallic Components by Infrared Techniques /$cJustus Medgenberg, Thomas Ummenhofer.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (18 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b48
=520  3\$aThe paper reviews the state of the art of thermal damage assessment in metals and proposes a specialized form of lock-in thermography as an efficient tool for the quantification of early fatigue damage phenomena in welded steel structures in the regime of mid- to high-cycle fatigue. It can be proved that advanced thermographic techniques are sensitive to early damage phenomena in the weld toe. They provide a new experimental mean for in-situ investigation of early inhomogeneous fatigue damage phenomena as mesoplasticity and fatigue cracks. The results demonstrate that non-contacting full field temperature measurements using highly sensitive infrared technology can be applied successfully to detect localized fatigue damage at around 10 % to 20 % of the total fatigue lifetime of the tested specimens. The applied method is based on the separation of thermoelastic and thermoplastic temperature effects which cause characteristic local temperature signatures. In contrast to other well-known approaches—as, e.g., measuring the rise of mean temperature during fatigue loading—the applied method offers a very high spatial resolution and resolves extremely localized phenomena. The methodology can be applied to monitor the fatigue process during conventional fatigue testing. The additional effort for the specimen preparation and the installation of the testing setup is minimal.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aThermal stresses.
=650  \0$aWelded joints$xThermomechanical properties.
=650  \0$aFriction welding.
=650  \0$aMetallic Materials.
=650  \0$aFatigue damage.
=650  \0$aFatigue crack.
=650  \0$aCrack initiation.
=650  \0$aThermography.
=650  14$aFatigue damage.
=650  24$aFatigue crack.
=650  24$aCrack initiation.
=650  24$aThermography.
=700  1\$aUmmenhofer, Thomas,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101523.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101524
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101524$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101524$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA417.6
=082  04$a620.1/123$223
=100  1\$aYamashita, Yoichi,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEvaluation of Residual Stress Effects on Brittle Fracture Strength Based on Weibull Stress Criterion /$cYoichi Yamashita, Fumiyoshi Minami.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (20 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b26
=520  3\$aThis paper studies the method for estimating the residual stress effects on brittle fracture of structural steel based on the Weibull stress criterion. First, brittle fracture tests were conducted for four-point bend notched specimens with and without compressive preloading. It is shown that the compressive preloading apparently decreases the critical crack tip opening displacement (CTOD). The critical CTOD of the preloaded specimen can be predicted from monotonically loaded test results based on the Weibull stress criterion. It has been found that the Weibull stress is an effective fracture parameter for brittle fracture initiation under tensile residual stress. Second, using wide plate specimens with and without welding residual stress subjected to uniform tension and three-point bend fracture toughness specimens, welding residual stresses effect on the brittle fracture strength is investigated. Experiments show that the critical CTOD of wide plate with welding residual stress is significantly smaller than that without residual stress. Constraint loss effect on CTOD of wide plate can be assessed by the equivalent CTOD ratio β. β is defined as β=δ3PB/δWP, where δ3PB and δWP are CTODs of the standard fracture toughness specimen and wide plate, respectively, at the same level of the Weibull stress. Fracture assessment result using β is shown within the context of failure assessment diagram. An excessive conservatism observed in the conventional procedure (β=1) is reasonably reduced by applying the equivalent CTOD ratio β.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aResidual stresses$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aResidual stresses$xMeasurement$xTechnique$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aResidual stresses$xMeasurement$xSimulation methods$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aEngineering.
=650  \0$aCritical CTOD.
=650  \0$aBrittle fracture.
=650  \0$aConstraint loss.
=650  \0$aWeibull stress.
=650  14$aBrittle fracture.
=650  24$aCompressive preloading.
=650  24$aTensile residual stress.
=650  24$aCritical CTOD.
=650  24$aWeibull stress.
=650  24$aConstraint loss.
=650  24$aFailure assessment diagram.
=700  1\$aMinami, Fumiyoshi,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101524.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101528
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101528$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101528$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA473
=082  04$a620.1/76$223
=100  1\$aKang, Minwoo,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPrediction of the Fatigue Limit of Prestrained Carbon Steel Under Tensile Mean Stress /$cMinwoo Kang, Kentaro Irisa, Yuuta Aono, Hiroshi Noguchi.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b27
=520  3\$aThe effect of tensile mean stress on the fatigue limit of carbon steel was investigated. Annealed 0.1 % and 0.5 % carbon steel specimens were subjected to monotonic tension to produce prestrain. Fatigue tests were performed using a servohydraulic fatigue test machine. The experimental results showed that tensile mean stress degraded the fatigue limit. However, the tensile mean stress did not affect the decrease in the surface hardness as a result of fatigue loading for the specimen without a defect. In the case of the specimen with a defect, the decrease in the hardness was small and did not depend on the mean stress or stress amplitude. Formulae for predicting the fatigue limit of prestrained carbon steel specimens under tensile mean stress were proposed. The results calculated using the formulae showed good agreement with the experimental results.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSteel$xFatigue$vHandbooks, manuals, etc.
=650  \0$aResidual stresses$vHandbooks, manuals, etc.
=650  \0$aResidual stresses.
=650  \0$aSteel$xFatigue.
=650  \0$aCarbon steel.
=650  \0$aPrestrain.
=650  \0$aHardness.
=650  \0$aMean stress.
=650  \0$aResidual stress.
=650  \0$aFatigue limit.
=650  14$aPrestrain.
=650  24$aFatigue limit.
=650  24$aMean stress.
=650  24$aCarbon steel.
=650  24$aHardness.
=650  24$aResidual stress.
=700  1\$aIrisa, Kentaro,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAono, Yuuta,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNoguchi, Hiroshi,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101528.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101530
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101530$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101530$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA480.A6
=082  04$a620.1/866$223
=100  1\$aLamik, A.,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Concept for the Fatigue Life Prediction of Components from an Aluminum-Steel Compound /$cA. Lamik, H. Leitner, W. Eichlseder, F. Riemelmoser.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b20
=520  3\$aThe goal of this research project is the development of a simulation model for lifetime estimation of components from AA6016-T4/FeP06 material compound. Since such components are manufactured predominantly by rolling (for manufacturing of the material compound) and deep-drawing, the influence of the plastic deformations during the manufacturing process on the fatigue behavior must be investigated. In particular, the influence of the rolling reduction on the behavior of FeP06 steel has a relevant effect on the fatigue life of this aluminum-steel compound. Simulation models for fatigue life estimation of this material compound must therefore consider the influence of the elastic plastic deformation which occurs during, e.g., rolling and deep-drawing processes. For this purpose, a new model for the generation of yield curve as a function of the rolling reduction of the material FeP06 was determined. The proposed yield curve model shows good results at low and high rolling reduction compared to the models of Voce and Swift. The lifetime estimation shows a substantial improvement of accuracy (600 %) by the consideration of the influence of the rolling reduction.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAluminum alloys$xFatigue.
=650  \0$aAluminum alloys$xMechanical properties.
=650  \0$aMaterial compound.
=650  \0$aHardening.
=650  \0$aSimulation model.
=650  \0$aRolling reduction.
=650  14$aMaterial compound.
=650  24$aRolling reduction.
=650  24$aAA6016-T4/FeP06.
=650  24$aSimulation model.
=650  24$aHardening.
=700  1\$aLeitner, H.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aEichlseder, W.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRiemelmoser, F.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101530.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101531
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101531$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101531$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTE145.R893LR593
=082  04$a624.25$223
=100  1\$aDadfarnia, M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aHydrogen/Plasticity Interactions at an Axial Crack in Pipeline Steel /$cM. Dadfarnia, P. Sofronis, B. P. Somerday, I. M. Robertson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b33
=520  3\$aThe technology of large scale hydrogen transmission from central production facilities to refueling stations and stationary power sites is at present undeveloped. Among the problems which confront the implementation of this technology is the deleterious effect of hydrogen on structural material properties, in particular at gas pressure of 15 MPa which is the desirable transmission pressure suggested by economic studies for efficient transport. To investigate the hydrogen embrittlement of pipelines, a hydrogen transport methodology for the calculation of hydrogen accumulation ahead of a crack tip in a pipeline steel is outlined. This work addresses the interaction of hydrogen with an axial crack on the inside surface of the pipe. The approach accounts for stress-driven transient diffusion of hydrogen and trapping at microstructural defects whose density evolves dynamically with deformation. The results address the effect of hydrostatic constraint, stress, and plastic strain on the time it takes for the steady state hydrogen profiles to be established.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBuckling (Mechanics)
=650  \0$aSteel plate deck bridges.
=650  \0$aPipeline.
=650  \0$aDiffusion.
=650  \0$aElastoplasticity.
=650  14$aHydrogen embrittlement.
=650  24$aDiffusion.
=650  24$aElastoplasticity.
=650  24$aPipeline.
=650  24$aFinite element analysis.
=700  1\$aSofronis, P.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSomerday, B. P.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRobertson, I. M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101531.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101532
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101532$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101532$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.9.C6
=082  04$a620.118$223
=100  1\$aZhu, Xian-Kui,$eauthor.
=245  10$aExperimental Estimation of J-R Curves from Load-CMOD Record for SE(B) Specimens /$cXian-Kui Zhu, Brian N. Leis, James A. Joyce.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b30
=520  3\$aFracture resistance of ductile materials is often characterized by a J-R curve, and measured using the fracture toughness testing standard ASTM E1820 (Standard Test Method for Measurement of Fracture Toughness). The recommended elastic unloading compliance method or resistance curve test method requires simultaneous measurements of applied load (P), load-line displacement (LLD), and crack-mouth opening displacement (CMOD) from a single test for the single-edge notched bend [SE(B)] specimen. The P-CMOD record is used to determine crack extension, and the P-LLD record in conjunction with the crack extension is used to calculate the J-integral. However, it is well known that while highly accurate CMOD measurements can be made, the measurement of LLD is less accurate and more difficult because of transducer mounting difficulties, specimen load point indentions and load train deflections, or a combination thereof. Extensive finite element analyses showed that the LLD-based J equation may give inaccurate results for a shallow-cracked SE(B) specimen because its geometry factor η may depend on the strain hardening exponent. In contrast for the same geometry, the CMOD-based η factor is insensitive to the hardening exponent, and thus a CMOD-based J equation could be more accurate to be used in the determination of J-R curves. Based on the energy principle, this paper proposes a CMOD-based J equation for a growing crack using an incremental function similar to the present ASTM E1820-06 formulation that is applicable to the J calculations for a J-R curve testing. The proposed CMOD-based J formulation contains two geometry factors, i.e., CMOD-based η and γ, and can consider the crack growth correction. The solutions of four geometry factors are presented for the SE(B) specimens with a wide range of crack length. The proposed formulation is then applied to determine J-R curves for HY80 steel using the load-CMOD record for SE(B) specimens, and the results are compared with those using the traditional LLD-based formulation. The comparison shows close agreement between these two formulations. It is recommended that the proposed formulation be used in ASTM E1820 to determine more accurate J-R curves and reduce test costs as well.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aComposite materials$xFracture$xTesting.
=650  \0$aFracture mechanics.
=650  \0$aTOUGHNESS.
=650  \0$aJ-R curve.
=650  \0$aCrack extension.
=650  14$aFracture toughness testing.
=650  24$aJ-R curve.
=650  24$aCrack extension.
=650  24$aLoad-line displacement (LLD)
=650  24$aCrack mouth opening displacement (CMOD)
=650  24$aSE(B) specimen.
=700  1\$aLeis, Brian N.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aJoyce, James A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101532.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101535
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101535$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101535$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN780
=082  04$a669/.3$223
=100  1\$aKoeberl, H.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aComparison of the Temperature and Pre-Aging Influences on the Low Cycle Fatigue and Thermo-Mechanical Fatigue Behavior of Copper Alloys (CuCoBe/CuCo2Be) /$cH. Koeberl, G. Winter, H. Leitner, W. Eichlseder.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aTypically thermo-mechanical fatigue (TMF) loaded components in power plants and steel works are made of copper alloys and are used in different applications (e.g. cooling systems in continuous casting, transformers). So a careful analysis and comparison of the experimental results and microstructure of thermo-mechanical loaded copper components, which are based on a systematic variation of the relevant influence factors, have been conducted to develop empirical models for computing the fatigue life. At specific low cycle fatigue (LCF) and thermo-mechanical fatigue test series on the copper alloys CuCoBe and CuCo2Be, the influence of pre-aging and temperature were investigated by means of the cyclic deformation and lifetime behavior. Based on stress-strain loops from LCF tests at different temperatures and aging conditions a non-linear combined material model was adopted to describe the cyclic deformation behavior. The simulated loading parameters of stress and strain were the basis for the subsequent lifetime simulation. A new energy based damage parameter for copper alloys has been developed to fulfill the requirements of lifetime simulation.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAluminum-copper alloys.
=650  \0$aCopper$xFatigue.
=650  \0$aLifetime model.
=650  \0$aMaterial model.
=650  14$aMaterial model.
=650  24$aEnergy based damage parameters.
=650  24$aLifetime model.
=700  1\$aWinter, G.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLeitner, H.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aEichlseder, W.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101535.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101537
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101537$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101537$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA480.T54
=082  04$a669/.7322$223
=100  1\$aLeitner, H.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aInfluence of the Peening Intensity on the Fatigue Behavior of Shot Peened Titanium Components /$cH. Leitner, B. Oberwinkler, H.-P. Gaenser, M. Stoschka.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b17
=520  3\$aAlthough mechanical surface treatments are commonly used in engineering practice for their beneficial effect on fatigue life, little quantitative data are available from published literature. This paper presents the first results of a long-term research program that aims to develop quantitative design guidelines for the influence of mechanical surface treatments on the fatigue life of structural lightweight components. To gain a detailed understanding of the effects of mechanical surface treatments on surface roughness, residual stress distribution, and resulting fatigue strength, extensive experimental work as well as accompanying fracture analyses have been performed. Four-point rotating bending tests and alternating torsional tests were performed on a Ti-6Al-4V titanium alloy. Both smooth and notched specimen geometries were investigated. The heat-treated and machined specimens were subjected to a shot peening process with varying shot intensities within the recommendations of the MIL-S-13165C and MIL-P-81985 specifications. It was observed that shot peening can result in both an improvement as well as a deterioration in fatigue strength, depending on the shot peening intensity and the type of loading. For the assessment of the fatigue failure mechanisms, detailed investigations of the surface layer were included in the research program.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aEngineering.
=650  \0$aTitanium alloys$xFatigue.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aShot peening.
=650  \0$aSurface layer.
=650  14$aTi-6Al-4V.
=650  24$aSurface layer.
=650  24$aFatigue.
=650  24$aShot peening.
=700  1\$aOberwinkler, B.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGaenser, H.-P.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aStoschka, M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101537.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101539
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101539$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101539$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.38
=082  04$a620.1/126$223
=100  1\$aYamamoto, Masato,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffect of Inhomogeneity in Aligned Grains on Creep-Fatigue Crack Opening and Propagation Behavior of Directionally Solidified Superalloy /$cMasato Yamamoto, Takayuki Kitamura, Takashi Ogata.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b32
=520  3\$aDirectionally solidified superalloy, which has elongated large grains, is used for gas-turbine blade application because of its high creep strength. Since the grain size is not small enough in comparison with the component size or the crack size, the inhomogeneous microstructure strongly affects the crack propagation behavior in such a structure. The authors investigate the effect of microstructural inhomogeneity on crack propagation morphology and crack propagation rate (da/dN) under a creep-fatigue condition. The macroscopic direction of the main crack is perpendicular to the loading axis, though the path is microscopically bumpy due to the effect of inhomogeneous multi-grains. Several subcracks are found around the main crack, and they occasionally coalesce with each other. In order to understand the local fluctuation of (da/dN) due to the inhomogeneous multi-grains, the grain shape and its crystallographic orientation are identified by means of a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and an electron back scattering diffraction (EBSD). The subcracks tend to initiate at the high angle grain boundaries oriented nearly perpendicular to the loading axis. The local fluctuation of da/dN is influenced by two factors. One is the cracking path; the intergranular crack shows higher da/dN. The other factor is the magnitude of Young’s modulus of the grain (in loading direction) at the crack tip. The higher Young’s modulus leads to a lower da/dN in transgranular cracking. The detailed observation of local displacement near the crack tip clarified that the magnitude of cyclic displacement inversely related to the Young’s modulus of the grain in the loading axis, and results in the high strain concentration at the crack tip in the grain with low Young’s modulus. The experiment result suggests that the strain around the crack tip governs the crack propagation rate though it is affected by the inhomogeneous microstructure.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMaterials$xCreep.
=650  \0$aMaterials$xFatigue.
=650  \0$aFracture mechanics.
=650  \0$aCreep-fatigue.
=650  \0$aMicrostructure.
=650  \0$aCrack propagation.
=650  14$aCreep-fatigue.
=650  24$aCrack propagation.
=650  24$aMicrostructure.
=650  24$aNickel-based directionally solidified superalloy.
=700  1\$aKitamura, Takayuki,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aOgata, Takashi,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101539.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101540
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101540$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101540$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA409
=082  04$a624.2$223
=100  1\$aGraham, Stephen M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aTest Results from Round Robin on Precracking and CTOD Testing of Welds /$cStephen M. Graham, Richard Stanley.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (26 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b14
=520  3\$aA weld fracture toughness round robin test program was initiated by ASTM to evaluate a proposed annex to E1290-93 on fracture toughness testing of ferritic steel weldments. The focus of the round robin was on specimen preparation procedures and their effect on crack tip opening displacement (CTOD). The local compression procedure was used to reduce the influence of residual stress on precrack curvature. Specimens were tested at −196 °C, which is on the lower shelf for this metal, to minimize variability in fracture toughness and maximize influence of residual stress. Seven labs participated in the round robin and among them conducted 51 tests per E1290-93 to measure CTOD. Statistical analysis of the data showed that crack curvature decreased by 5.2 % ±2.1 % for each 1 % increase in local compression, over the range of compressions tested (0–2.9 % with a nominal target value of 1 %). However, mean values of curvature varied significantly between labs, and when results from all labs are considered, local compression of about 1 % did not reliably reduce crack front curvature. It appears that the procedure used is more important than the amount of local compression, as evidenced by the straight cracks obtained by two labs that exercised tight control on local compression. The statistical analysis revealed that the mean value of measured CTOD for all data with less than 10 % curvature was not statistically different than the mean for less than 20 %, as it is in BS7448 (1997). Perhaps the most surprising observation from this round robin is that there does not appear to be a correlation between CTOD measured at −196 °C and amount of local compression or crack front curvature.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBridges$xDesign and construction.
=650  \0$aFracture mechanics.
=650  \0$aBridge design.
=650  \0$aFatigue (Mechanics)
=650  \0$aPrecracking.
=650  \0$aLocal compression.
=650  \0$aFracture toughness.
=650  \0$aWelds.
=650  14$aWelds.
=650  24$aPrecracking.
=650  24$aFracture toughness.
=650  24$aLocal compression.
=650  24$aCTOD.
=700  1\$aStanley, Richard,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101540.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101544
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101544$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101544$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN690
=082  04$a669/.95$223
=100  1\$aNolting, Allison,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMechanical Evaluation of Mixed As-Cast and Friction Stir Processed Zones in Nickel Aluminum Bronze /$cAllison Nolting, Leon M. Cheng, James Huang.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b8
=520  3\$aThe performance of nickel aluminum bronze (NAB) propellers can be limited by the resistance of the alloy to fatigue. Friction stir processing (FSP) is a potential method for improving the fatigue life and fracture toughness of this material through grain structure refinement. As friction stir processing is a surface treatment, as-cast, thermo-mechanically affected zone (TMAZ), and FSP zone microstructures can all occur in components with thick cross sections and when FSP is performed on only selected areas of the component surface. The boundary between modified and unmodified microstructures produced by traditional processing techniques (i.e., heat affected zones produced by welding) are often the source of in-service failures as they can contain defects, residual stresses, deleterious microstructures or any combination thereof. In this paper, the mechanical behavior of FSP nickel aluminum bronze specimens containing as-cast, TMAZ, and FSP microstructures are evaluated using monotonic tensile tests and rotating bending fatigue tests. Analysis of the fatigue specimen fracture surfaces indicate that fatigue cracks initiated and propagated through the as-cast microstructure before penetrating the TMAZ and the FSP microstructures. The tensile specimens failed in the as-cast structure away from the FSP zone and the TMAZ. These results indicate that the as-cast material is weaker than both the FSP and the TMAZ, implying that localized friction stir processing is not detrimental to the mechanical behavior of a NAB component, even in the boundary region.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPhysical metallurgy.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aTensile.
=650  \0$aMetallography.
=650  14$aFriction stir processing.
=650  24$aNickel aluminum bronze.
=650  24$aFatigue.
=650  24$aMetallography.
=650  24$aTensile.
=700  1\$aCheng, Leon M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHuang, James,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101544.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101545
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101545$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101545$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.9.C7
=082  04$a620.1/126$223
=100  1\$aMarx, M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFocused Ion Beam as New Tool for Local Investigations of the Interaction of Microcracks with Grain Boundaries /$cM. Marx, W. Schaef, M. Welsch, H. Vehoff.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (19 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b29
=520  3\$aSo far the interaction of microcracks with microstructural elements like grain boundaries or phase boundaries is described qualitatively well by the models of Tanaka and Navarro and De Los Rios. However, an experimentally verified quantitative description is missing due to a lack of systematic experiments. The concept by Marx and Schaef introduced a combination of a focused ion beam technique with high resolution scanning electron microscopy. It is the first method to initiate artificial microcracks with idealized crack parameters relative to selected phase and grain boundaries. This combination of characterizing and manipulating techniques on a micro-scale enables for the first time a systematic investigation of the interaction between short cracks and micro-structural barriers to check the models quantitatively. However, the geometry of the active slip planes in the adjacent grains, their misorientation angle, and the position of the grain boundary is a three-dimensional problem. Therefore the geometry was reconstructed after the crack propagation measurements by focused ion beam tomography to measure the inclination angles between the surface, the crack plane, and the grain boundary. The results should lead to a better understanding of the physical mechanisms of crack propagation through grain and phase boundaries, which is fundamental to explain the huge scatter in the short crack behavior and to develop materials with fatigue resistant grain boundaries.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPolycrystals$xPlastic properties.
=650  \0$aPolycrystals$xFatigue.
=650  \0$aMicrostructure$xMathematical models.
=650  \0$aGrain boundaries$xMathematical models.
=650  \0$aFatigue crack growth.
=650  \0$aFocused ion beam.
=650  \0$aMicrocracks.
=650  \0$aGrain boundary.
=650  \0$aPhase boundary.
=650  14$aFatigue crack growth.
=650  24$aMicrocracks.
=650  24$aGrain boundary.
=650  24$aPhase boundary.
=650  24$aFocused ion beam.
=700  1\$aSchaef, W.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWelsch, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aVehoff, H.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101545.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101546
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
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=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101546$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101546$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA409
=082  04$a681.2$223
=100  1\$aDonoso, Juan R.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Significance of a Crack Growth Law for a C(T) Fracture Specimen Undergoing Stable Crack Extension /$cJuan R. Donoso, Katherine Vasquez, John D. Landes.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aA new method of construction of the J-R curve has been proposed recently that makes use of a postulated crack growth law relating stable crack extension, Δa, to plastic displacement, vpl. An analytical treatment of both the J-Δa curve and the force-displacement, P-v, curve, is now possible even under circumstances in which the sole inputs are the P-v curve and the initial and final crack size values. Based upon this crack growth law concept, and on the common and the concise format equations of Donoso and Landes, an alternative way of estimating the amount of stable crack growth is presented. This alternative method, which allows for the evaluation of the crack size at any value of force or displacement along the P-v curve, has been applied to some examples of C(T) fracture test specimens that have crack extension values obtained by the unloading compliance method. The results are quite encouraging, and the method is extended here to cases in which there are no crack extension measurements available.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFracture mechanics$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aMaterials$xFatigue$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aMaterials$xPlastic properties$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aStable crack growth.
=650  \0$aNormalization.
=650  \0$aCommon format.
=650  14$aStable crack growth.
=650  24$aCommon format.
=650  24$aElastic-plastic fracture.
=650  24$aNormalization.
=700  1\$aVasquez, Katherine,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLandes, John D.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101546.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
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=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
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=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101548$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101548$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.22
=082  04$a620.11233$223
=100  1\$aShlyannikov, V. N.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aBiaxial Loading Effect on Higher-Order Crack Tip Parameters /$cV. N. Shlyannikov, B. V. Ilchenko, N. V. Boychenko.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (25 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b37
=520  3\$aThe higher-order asymptotic crack-tip fields are considered for a Mode I in power-law plastic and creeping materials under plane strain conditions. Using an asymptotic expansion and separation of variables for the stress function, a series solution is obtained for stress components at a crack tip. In addition, full-field finite element analysis based on a modified layer approach is employed to model the effects of biaxial loading on nonlinear behavior. Loadings were applied related to a range of biaxial stress ratio (−2, +2). The radial and angular stress distributions and higher-order amplitude coefficients for plastic materials are obtained. Crack tip higher-order fields under various conditions of biaxial loading and spanning the range of times from small scale creep to extensive creep are presented. Account is taken of the radial distance accompanying crack tip blunting. The phenomenon of stress redistributions along crack plane on creep time as a function of biaxial stress ratio is stated. The regions of dominance of the HRR-type field under various biaxial stress ratio, crack distance, hardening exponent, and creep time are found. Good agreement analytical findings with finite element results conforms that HRR-solution corresponds only to the equi-biaxial tension which is a particular case of biaxial loading. It is further demonstrated that the higher-order both for plastic and creeping fields are controlled through constraint parameter A2 by biaxial stress ratio. By fitting numerical results for plastic and creeping materials, two empirical formulas were obtained to describe the higher-order terms amplitude coefficients A2 distributions depending on biaxial stress ratio, crack distance, hardening exponent, and creep time.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBrittleness.
=650  \0$aFracture mechanics.
=650  \0$aMaterials at high temperatures.
=650  \0$aMaterials$xCreep.
=650  \0$aCrack-tip field.
=650  \0$aBiaxial loading.
=650  \0$aPlane strain.
=650  \0$aConstraint parameter.
=650  \0$aHigher-order terms.
=650  14$aBiaxial loading.
=650  24$aHigher-order terms.
=650  24$aConstraint parameter.
=650  24$aCrack-tip field.
=650  24$aPlane strain.
=650  24$aPlastic and creeping materials.
=700  1\$aIlchenko, B. V.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBoychenko, N. V.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101548.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101549
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101549$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101549$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA484
=082  04$a620.1/66$223
=100  1\$aIkematsu, Koji,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffect of Prestrain on Fatigue Crack Growth of Age-Hardened Al 6061-T6 /$cKoji Ikematsu, Takuhiro Mishima, Minwoo Kang, Yuuta Aono, Hiroshi Noguchi.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aThe effect of prestrain on fatigue crack growth characteristic (FCGC) of age-hardened Al 6061-T6 was investigated. Al 6061-T6 specimens were subjected to tension to produce plastic strain. Extruded bars were prepared to investigate FCGC. Specimens with an artificial hole from the bar were used to observe Mode I fatigue crack. On the other hand, coarse-grained plain specimens were used and observed for Mode II fatigue crack. Fatigue tests were performed under a rotating bending load (R=−1). The experimental results showed the Mode I fatigue crack growth rates decelerated a little due to prestrain. However, in the case of Mode II, fatigue crack growth rates of prestrain specimens accelerated about ten times due to prestrain. The Mode II fatigue crack easily propagates on the slip bands, because precipitation particles on the slip bands are sheared by prestrain. The result means the influence of prestrain on Mode II fatigue should be taken into account for damage-tolerant design.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAlliages légers$xFatigue.
=650  \0$aLight metal alloys$xFatigue.
=650  \0$aFadiga dos materiais.
=650  \0$aMetal fatigue.
=650  \0$aMode II fatigue crack.
=650  \0$aPrestrain.
=650  \0$aAl-alloy.
=650  14$aMetal fatigue.
=650  24$aFatigue crack growth rate.
=650  24$aMode II fatigue crack.
=650  24$aAl-alloy.
=650  24$aPrestrain.
=700  1\$aMishima, Takuhiro,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKang, Minwoo,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAono, Yuuta,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNoguchi, Hiroshi,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101549.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101550
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101550$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101550$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQA76.612
=082  04$a005.116$223
=100  1\$aWang, Xin,$eauthor.
=245  10$aOn the quantification of the constraint effect along a three-dimensional crack front /$cXin Wang.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b14
=520  3\$aIn this paper we examined the characterization of constraint effects for surface cracked plates under uniaxial and biaxial tension loadings. First, three-dimensional (3D) modified boundary layer analyses were conducted using the finite element method to study the constraint effect at a typical 3D crack front. The analyses were carried out using small geometry change formulation and deformation plasticity material model. Elastic-plastic crack front stress fields at a constant J and various T-stress levels were obtained. Three-dimensional elastic-plastic analyses were performed for semi-circular surface cracks in a finite thickness plate, under remote uniaxial and biaxial tension loading conditions. In topological planes perpendicular to the crack fronts, the crack stress fields were obtained. Then, J-Q and J-T two-parameter approaches are used in characterizing the elastic-plastic crack-tip stress fields along the 3D crack front. It is found that the J-Q characterization provides good estimate for the constraint effect for crack-tip stress fields. Reasonable agreements are achieved between the T-stress based Q-factors and the Q-factors obtained from finite element analysis.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aConstraint programming (Computer science)
=650  \0$aMany-valued logic.
=650  \0$aDigital electronics.
=650  \0$aIntegrated circuits.
=650  \0$aBiaxial loading.
=650  \0$aConstraint effects.
=650  \0$aQ-factors.
=650  \0$aT-stress.
=650  14$aElastic-plastic fracture mechanics.
=650  24$aConstraint effects.
=650  24$aT-stress.
=650  24$aQ-factors.
=650  24$aSurface cracked plate.
=650  24$aBiaxial loading.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101550.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101551
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101551$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101551$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTL795.5
=082  04$a629.44/1/028553$223
=100  1\$aShealy, Jasper,$eauthor.
=245  10$aTabletop Jumping :$bEngineering Analysis of Trajectory and Landing Impact /$cJasper Shealy, Fred Stone.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b4
=520  3\$aThis study is an engineering analysis of skiers and snowboarders jumping what is known as a mid-sized tabletop feature at a ski resort. The analysis specifically looks at the trajectories and landing impacts of individuals while jumping mid-sized tabletop features (deck lengths 20 to 30 ft) at a ski resort. For the trajectory analysis, out of a total of 117 jumps by skiers and snowboarders that were observed, 57 jumps were analyzed using a radar gun to determine actual speed on the ramp, digital photography to document flight paths and landing points as well as jumper body position at the moment of take-off. For the impact analysis, a total of 31 jumps by an instrumented subject were videotaped; the landing impacts for 21 of these jumps were measured with triaxial accelerometers to measure the impact resulting from the landing at the boot top, chest, and head levels. With respect to trajectory analysis, the study concludes that simply knowing the ramp angle and take-off speed is not a sufficient dataset to predict where the jumper will land; alternatively, knowing the ramp angle and the landing point is an insufficient dataset to predict the take-off speed. The specific actions of the jumper with regard to raising or lowering the jumper’s center of mass while on the last part of the take-off ramp can significantly alter the effective take-off angle and subsequent flight trajectory. For the jumps observed in this study, the jumpers were able to routinely add or subtract as much as 15° to the actual take-off ramp angle, resulting in effective take-off angles much larger or smaller than the measured take-off angle. With respect to impact analysis, the study concluded that for jumps similar to the those observed in the trajectory analysis, when the jumper lands in an upright controlled manner, the resulting impact (measured in G units) at the boot level ranged from 50 to 100 Gs, with a mean of 75 Gs, it averaged 4.7 Gs at the chest and only 2.5 Gs at the head.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMPACT PREDICTION.
=650  \0$aIMPACT VELOCITY.
=650  \0$aSpace shuttles$xComputer programs.
=650  \0$aFlight engineering$xData processing.
=650  \0$aTabletop jumping.
=650  \0$aImpact analysis.
=650  \0$aTrajectory analysis.
=650  14$aTabletop jumping.
=650  24$aTrajectory analysis.
=650  24$aImpact analysis.
=700  1\$aStone, Fred,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101551.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101555
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101555$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101555$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTJ297
=082  04$a616.33071$223
=100  1\$aLeitch, B. W.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aStress-Triaxiality in Zr-2.5Nb Pressure Tube Materials /$cB. W. Leitch, S. St. Lawrence.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b27
=520  3\$aThe crack growth resistance of irradiated Zr-2.5Nb pressure tubes is controlled by the initiation of voids and their subsequent growth and coalescence. The presence of particles that contribute to void nucleation is determined by the operating conditions/history of the pressure tube and by the concentration of pre-existing species, which is a function of the manufacturing process. The susceptibility of the pressure tubes to void nucleation is determined by the number and distribution of particles, the deformation properties of the matrix, and the stress state at the crack tip. The effect of irradiation on zirconium material is to increase the yield stress but to reduce the work hardening ability of the matrix and to promote strain localization, which, in turn, leads to void nucleation. Void nucleation is also enhanced by high values of stress triaxiality at or near the crack tip. For irradiated pressure tube material, both small-scale curved compact tension specimens and large-scale burst test sections are used to characterize the crack growth resistance. However, the measured fracture toughness can depend on the specimen geometry due to differences in constraint. The present investigation uses three-dimensional finite element analyses to characterize stress triaxiality at the crack tip in these different specimen geometries. Results of the numerical analyses are compared to the experimental evidence that provide qualitative evidence of differences in stress triaxiality at the crack tip for different specimen geometries.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSteam-boilers$xCorrosion.
=650  \0$aSteam-boilers, Water-tube.
=650  \0$aStress corrosion.
=650  \0$aJ-integral.
=650  \0$aPressure tubes.
=650  \0$aBurst test.
=650  \0$aStress triaxiality.
=650  14$aStress triaxiality.
=650  24$aJ-integral.
=650  24$aElastic plastic fracture.
=650  24$aZr-2.5Nb alloy.
=650  24$aPressure tubes.
=650  24$aBurst test.
=700  1\$aSt. Lawrence, S.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101555.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101557
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101557$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101557$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA1677
=082  04$a621.3662$223
=100  1\$aNardi, Aaron T.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aLaser Generated Crack-Like Features Developed for Assessment of Fatigue Threshold Behavior /$cAaron T. Nardi, Stephen L. Smith.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aDeveloping methods to evaluate damage tolerance in high cycle fatigue is an important issue for the propeller industry. Traditional methods to establish threshold stress intensity factors for aluminum and martensitic steel have relied mainly on load shedding through-crack test specimens resulting in a pre-cracking history and the associated closure effects. For threshold determination of real life defects, a surface-crack test method, devoid of pre-cracking and closure issues, is needed. To this end, laser generated crack-like features (LGCLFs) were created and have been used successfully to evaluate the threshold crack growth properties of cracks in 7075-T651 with and without shot peening in axial R = 0.1 loading. For this work, a laser part marking system was used to generate a LGCLF semi-circular in shape, and measuring ∼0.015 in. (0.381 mm) deep by ∼0.030 in. (0.762 mm) long, with a notch height of 0.0007–0.001 in. (17.8–25.4 μm) with a tip radius of 0.000 14 in. (3.5 μm). When evaluated metallographically, these laser notches exhibited a very thin recast layer and a negligible heat affected zone. Specimens produced with these flaws were tested in R=0.1 tension-tension fatigue to produce a stress versus life plot of the data. A NASGRO crack growth model was used to generate stress versus cycle data points for the same geometry over the same stress range with a 7075-T651 material model and a crack growth threshold of 1.35 ksi ⋅(in.)0.5 resulting in very good agreement with the test data. This threshold compares favorably with the small crack threshold of 1.27–1.33 ksi⋅(in.)0.5 produced by da/dN testing performed by NASA at R=0.1 using a compressive pre-cracking method. Testing with samples shot peened prior to generating a LGCLF exhibited significantly higher endurance stresses and failure initiations were not from the LGCLF.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aLaser peening.
=650  \0$aMetallurgy$xLaser use in.
=650  \0$aFace-centered cubic metals.
=650  \0$aMetals$xFatigue$xPrevention.
=650  \0$aDamage tolerance.
=650  \0$aLaser pre-cracking.
=650  14$aDamage tolerance.
=650  24$aLaser pre-cracking.
=650  24$aLaser generated defects.
=650  24$aLGCLF.
=650  24$aThreshold stress intensity.
=700  1\$aSmith, Stephen L.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101557.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101558
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101558$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101558$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTL671.6
=082  04$a629.1345$223
=100  1\$aLiao, Min,$eauthor.
=245  10$aStatistical Analysis of Fatigue Related Microstructural Parameters for Airframe Aluminum Alloys /$cMin Liao, Kyle Chisholm, Mario Mahendran.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b25
=520  3\$aThis paper presents the results of statistical analysis of the fatigue related microstructural parameters, mainly on constituent particles and pores, in 7050-T7452 aluminum forging materials. The statistical distributions of the particle and pore area data, which were obtained from the metallographic measurements on polished surfaces, were fitted well with three-parameter lognormal functions. Comparative studies were carried out for the particle and pore size distributions between the core and periphery materials, and between the hand and die forging materials. An extreme value theory-based model was investigated to correlate the overall material particle distribution with the fatigue crack-nucleating particle distribution. The results indicated that the particle size is not the only parameter affecting the fatigue process; other parameters, such as grain size and grain orientation, are also important parameters for microstructure-based fatigue modeling. Therefore, orientation image microscopy (OIM) analyses were carried out on pristine 7050 samples, on different planes, to determine the grain orientation distributions. Finally, a preliminary OIM analysis was performed on a fractured sample to measure the misorientation angles between the grains near the crack nucleation and short crack regions. It is expected that the test observations and quantitative microstructural data could help to understand the effects of microstructure on the fatigue process and develop a microstructure-based fatigue modeling.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAirplanes$xMaterials$xTesting$xMathematical models.
=650  \0$aAirframes$xFatigue$xTesting$xMathematical models.
=650  \0$aMetals$xStress corrosion.
=700  1\$aChisholm, Kyle,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMahendran, Mario,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101558.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101559
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101559$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101559$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA480.A6
=082  04$a620.1/866$223
=100  1\$aNolting, A. E.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFatigue Behavior of Adhesively Bonded Aluminium Double Strap Joints /$cA. E. Nolting, P. R. Underhill, D. L. DuQuesnay.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b25
=520  3\$aThe fatigue life and failure mode of double strap joints constructed from bare and clad aluminum alloys were examined. Substrate failures were found to occur at lower stress levels, while the failure mode at higher stresses was debonding of the patches. The stress/strain state at the edge of the patch was altered by changing the patch thickness, patch modulus, or by tapering the edges of the patch. The specimens were modeled using finite element analysis. The results of the finite element analysis revealed a power law relationship between fatigue life and either the peak principal strain in the adhesive for adhesive failures, or the nominal axial stress in the substrate for substrate failures. The fatigue life and failure mode of a double strap joint specimen can be determined by calculating the failure life for that specimen under adhesive and substrate failure. The failure mode with the shortest life will indicate the failure mode and fatigue life of that specimen.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAluminum alloys$xFatigue.
=650  \0$aAluminum alloys$xMechanical properties.
=650  \0$aAdhesive.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aCladding.
=650  \0$aAluminum.
=650  \0$aFinite element.
=650  14$aFatigue.
=650  24$aAdhesive.
=650  24$aFinite element.
=650  24$aAluminum.
=650  24$aCladding.
=700  1\$aUnderhill, P. R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDuQuesnay, D. L.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101559.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101561
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=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101561$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101561$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA409
=082  04$a620.1/126$223
=100  1\$aScibetta, M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aExperimental Study of the Fracture Toughness Transferability to Pressurized Thermal Shock Representative Loading Conditions /$cM. Scibetta, J. Schuurmans, E. Lucon.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b22
=520  3\$aFracture toughness testing on standard specimens in the ductile to brittle transition regime is well established and was first standardized by ASTM in 1997. However, its applicability to structural components and its potential conservatism, due to the high constraint condition in standard specimens, remain a subject of concern. In this work a study of the transferability of the fracture toughness measurements from laboratory specimens to structural components is performed. The structural component of interest is the Reactor Pressure Vessel subjected to an accidental loading condition called Pressurized Thermal Shock (PTS). As the actual component cannot be reasonably tested, an original experimental set-up is developed to simulate PTS representative loading conditions. A semi-elliptical crack is introduced by fatigue in a disk shape specimen which is biaxial loaded in the ductile to brittle transition regime. The developed disk specimen is called PTS-D specimen. Master Curve tests on 15 PTS-D specimens are performed and compared to standard size specimens having deep and shallow cracks. The reference temperature obtained on PTS-D is equivalent to the one obtained on half-inch compact tension specimens. To support the experimental results, finite element calculations are performed. It turns out that, in the tested range, constraint in PTS-D specimens is high. However, loss of constraint appears earlier than in standard specimens. It is found that the Beremin approach combined with analytical tool allows rationalizing all test results.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFracture mechanics$xMathematical models.
=650  \0$aBrittleness$xMathematical models.
=650  \0$aShock (Mechanics)$xMathematical models.
=650  \0$aMaster curve.
=650  \0$aFracture toughness.
=650  \0$aLoss of constraint.
=650  \0$aTransferability.
=650  14$aFracture toughness.
=650  24$aMaster curve.
=650  24$aPressurized thermal shock.
=650  24$aTransferability.
=650  24$aLoss of constraint.
=650  24$aReactor pressure vessel.
=700  1\$aSchuurmans, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLucon, E.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101561.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101562
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101562$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101562$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA407
=082  04$a620.11292$223
=100  1\$aZhao, Xinglong,$eauthor.
=245  10$aIntroducing Heterogeneity into Brittle Fracture Modeling of a 22NiMoCr37 Ferritic Steel Ring Forging /$cXinglong Zhao, David Lidbury, João Quinta da Fonseca, Andrew Sherry.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b20
=520  3\$aMicrostructural observations of the 22NiMoCr37 “EURO” reactor pressure vessel (RPV) steel ring forging reveal that there is a banded structure along the radial direction, composed of alternate layers rich in bainite and ferrite of wavelength ∼1.5 ±0.75 mm. Heterogeneity at this meso (millimetre)-scale as well as at the micro (micrometre)-scale is currently not considered by conventional fracture mechanics. This paper describes the development of two numerical approaches aimed at incorporating such heterogeneity into the Beremin local approach model of cleavage failure, a model that has been used extensively for predicting the brittle fracture of ferritic RPV steels. The approaches developed combine the crystal plasticity finite element method (CPFEM) with continuum finite element analysis (FEA). CPFEM is applied to predict stress distributions at the microscale and to obtain phase-specific yield and flow properties for continuum FEA that derives stresses at the mesoscale. The results confirm that deformation heterogeneity on the micro- and mesoscales influences the local development of stress. At the microscale, the stress distribution within a representative volume of material located within the crack-tip plastic zone is shown to follow a normal distribution with a ratio of mean stress to standard deviation tending towards 0.1. These results indicate local stress levels that are within approximately ±20 % of those derived using continuum FEA. At the mesoscale, a periodic variation of stress is predicted within the larger representative volume. This variation is less dramatic than that observed at the microscale, though it still gives a spatial variation in maximum principal stress of approximately ±7 % between bainite- and ferrite-rich microstructural regions. These results suggest a significant influence of deformation heterogeneity on local stress levels, particularly at the microscale. However, the conventional Beremin cleavage fracture model, modified to account for microscale stress distribution, predicts only a modest influence of deformation heterogeneity on cleavage fracture probability, increasing Pf by just 5 %. This highlights the need to account for both the spatial variation in cleavage initiation sites as well as the distribution in stress throughout the microstructure. The paper describes one approach for this development.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSteel, Structural.
=650  \0$aPlastics in building.
=650  \0$aGlass construction.
=650  \0$aPlasticity.
=650  \0$aFracture mechanics.
=650  \0$aBrittle fracture.
=650  \0$aBeremin model.
=650  \0$aCrystal plasticity.
=650  14$aRPV steel.
=650  24$aBrittle fracture.
=650  24$aBeremin model.
=650  24$aMicrostructural heterogeneity.
=650  24$aCrystal plasticity.
=700  1\$aLidbury, David,$eauthor.
=700  1\$ada Fonseca, João Quinta,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSherry, Andrew,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101562.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101564
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101564$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101564$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK9006
=082  04$a621.48/3$223
=100  1\$aToribio, J.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMulti-Scale Approach to the Fatigue Crack Propagation in High-Strength Pearlitic Steel Wires /$cJ. Toribio, B. González, J. C. Matos, F. J. Ayaso.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b25
=520  3\$aThis paper deals with the influence of the manufacturing process on the fatigue behavior of pearlitic steels with different degrees of cold drawing. The fatigue crack growth rate (da/dN) is related to the stress intensity range (ΔK) by means a compliance method to evaluate the crack depth a in the samples at any instant during the tests. The analysis is focused on the Region II (Paris) of the fatigue behavior in which da/dN=C(ΔK)m, measuring the constants (C and m) for the different degrees of drawing. From the engineering point of view, the manufacturing process by cold drawing improves the fatigue behavior of the steels, since the fatigue crack growth rate decreases as the strain hardening level in the material increases. In particular, the coefficient m (slope of the Paris Law) remains almost constant and independent of the drawing degree, whereas the constant C decreases as the drawing degree rises. The paper focuses on the relationship between the pearlitic microstructure of the steels (progressively oriented as a consequence of the manufacturing process by cold drawing) and the macroscopic fatigue behavior. To this end, a detailed metallographic analysis was performed on the fatigue crack propagation path after cutting and polishing on a plane perpendicular to the crack front. It is seen that the fatigue crack growth path presents certain roughness at the microscopic level, such a roughness being related to the pearlitic colony boundaries more than to the ferrite/cementite lamellae interfaces.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSteel, Cast$xEffect of temperature on$xTesting.
=650  \0$aLight water reactors$xMaterials$xFatigue.
=650  \0$aStainless steel$xFatigue.
=650  \0$aFatigue microdamage.
=650  \0$aHigh strength steel.
=650  \0$aPearlitic steel.
=650  \0$aParis' Law.
=650  14$aPearlitic steel.
=650  24$aHigh strength steel.
=650  24$aFatigue microdamage.
=650  24$aParis' Law.
=700  1\$aGonzález, B.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMatos, J. C.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAyaso, F. J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101564.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101566
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101566$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101566$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.9.C6
=082  04$a620.1/186$223
=100  1\$aWiddle, Richard D.,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Simplified Modeling Approach for Predicting Global Distortion in Large Metallic Parts Caused by the Installation of Interference Fit Bushings /$cRichard D. Widdle, Lee C. Firth, Paul W. Reed.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aOne technique for improving the fatigue life of a fastener hole in a built-up metallic structure is to use an interference fit bushing. The installation of these bushings produces residual compressive stresses around the hole that improve the fatigue life. It also causes residual strains and therefore distortion of the part. The distortion is both in-plane growth of the part and out-of-plane deflection, or cupping. The resulting distortion can cause difficulty in downstream assembly, such as misalignment of fastener holes or a misfit of mating surfaces. For small parts with only a few bushings, it is possible to predict the distortion by explicitly modeling the installation process by using a finite element approach. However, for a large part with many bushings, it is not practical to build a model with a detailed finite element representation of each bushing installation. In this work, a simplified approach is presented for predicting the global distortion of large shell-like parts that is caused by installing many interference fit bushings. The simplified approach consists of representing the bushings with equivalent springs in a shell-based finite element model of a large part. In this approach, the equivalent springs are not constructed with spring elements that are commonly found in finite element codes. Rather, the equivalent springs are constructed with a number of shell elements in two layers. The properties of the elements that make up the equivalent springs are estimated from experiments on small test coupons. The same springs, with the same calibrated parameters, are then applied to the larger part of interest. Results indicate that this approach can be used to estimate the distortion that can be expected in a large part that is cause by the installation of interference fit bushings.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aComposite materials$xFatigue.
=650  \0$aComposite materials$xFracture.
=650  \0$aFinite element method.
=650  \0$aFracture mechanics.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aBushing.
=650  \0$aCold work.
=650  \0$aFinite element.
=650  \0$aInterference fit.
=650  14$aBushing.
=650  24$aFatigue.
=650  24$aInterference fit.
=650  24$aCold work.
=650  24$aFinite element.
=700  1\$aFirth, Lee C.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aReed, Paul W.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101566.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101567
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101567$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101567$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN295
=082  04$a622/.6$223
=100  1\$aSchaffer, Jeremy E.,$eauthor.
=245  13$aAn Examination of Fatigue Initiation Mechanisms in Thin 35Co-35Ni-20Cr-10Mo Medical Grade Wires /$cJeremy E. Schaffer.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b15
=520  3\$aKnowledge of the intrinsic defect size distribution, surface grain size distribution, and prior deformation history are important factors in determining fatigue crack initiation mechanisms and total life variability in thin, metallic, medical grade wires. The ASTM F562 alloy system is used extensively as a fine wire coil or cable in the production of cardiac rhythm management leads which require excellent fatigue life, and a good understanding of life variability. In the present investigation, samples of 0.0070 in. diameter ASTM F562, 35Co-35Ni-20Cr-10Mo wires were produced with a variety of grain sizes and strain hardening conditions. Samples were then cyclically loaded to failure in rotary beam testing and preserved for post mortem fractography using high resolution scanning electron microscopy (HR-SEM). Fatigue cracks were found to initiate from three sources: intrinsic microstructural inhomogeneities, persistent slip bands (PSBs), and extrinsic surface defects. The dominance of the various initiation mechanisms was shown to be a function of the constituent particle and grain size as well as the fatigue loading conditions and prior deformation history. In samples exhibiting a surface grain size significantly larger than the constitutive particle distribution, cracks were observed to preferentially nucleate from surface intersecting PSBs rather than near-surface-particles. Understanding of these phenomena is important in the design of robust cardiac lead systems that will outlive the patient.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFatigue testing machines.
=650  \0$aMine hoisting$xEquipment and supplies$xTesting.
=650  \0$aWire rope$xFatigue$xTesting.
=650  \0$aCRM device failure.
=650  \0$aFatigue damage.
=650  \0$aHigh cycle fatigue.
=650  \0$aMedical wire.
=650  \0$aFatigue initiation.
=650  \0$aFatigue prediction.
=650  14$aFatigue initiation.
=650  24$aFatigue damage.
=650  24$aMedical wire.
=650  24$aCRM device failure.
=650  24$aCRM wire.
=650  24$aFatigue prediction.
=650  24$aHigh cycle fatigue.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101567.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101568
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101568$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101568$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA460
=082  04$a624.176$223
=100  1\$aBurford, Dwight A.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFatigue Crack Growth in Integrally Stiffened Panels Joined Using Friction Stir Welding and Swept Friction Stir Spot Welding /$cDwight A. Burford, Bryan M. Tweedy, Christian A. Widener.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (18 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b20
=520  3\$aFatigue crack growth rates in AA2024-T3 sheet joined to AA7075-T6 stiffeners by friction stir welding have been compared with rates measured in panels joined with rivets and in unstiffened parent material panels. Friction stir panels were prepared with both continuous friction stir welding (FSW) and swept friction stir spot welding (FSSW). Fatigue cracks in edge crack panels with continuous FSW joints tended to grow into the parent material away from the stiffeners. This behavior was attributed to the reduced stress levels corresponding to the increased thickness of continuous FSW joints and the support of the attached stiffener. Fatigue cracks in edge crack panels were found to follow the joint line in panels made with discrete fasteners (both rivets and swept FSSW joints). The measured crack growth rates in riveted panels increased at an increasing rate as the crack approached the riveted joints. In contrast, crack growth rates in panels joined with FSSW decreased at a decreasing rate as the crack approached the swept spot joints. Test results indicate that the swept FSSW process produced favorable residual stresses that inhibited fatigue crack growth along the joint line.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSteel, Structural$xWelding$xFatigue.
=650  \0$aSteel$xWelding$xFatigue.
=650  \0$aWelded joints$xFatigue.
=650  \0$aBolted joints$xFatigue.
=650  \0$aFriction stir welding.
=650  \0$aEdge crack panel.
=650  \0$aResidual stress.
=650  \0$aLap joint.
=650  14$aFriction stir welding.
=650  24$aFriction stir spot welding.
=650  24$aFatigue crack growth rate.
=650  24$aEdge crack panel.
=650  24$aLap joint.
=650  24$aResidual stress.
=700  1\$aTweedy, Bryan M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWidener, Christian A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101568.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101570
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101570$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101570$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA479.S7
=082  04$a620.1/733$223
=100  1\$aHeinilä, Sami,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Influence of Residual Stresses on the Fatigue Strength of Cold-Formed Structural Tubes /$cSami Heinilä, Timo Björk, Gary Marquis.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b21
=520  3\$aRectangular hollow sections (RHS) are widely used in load-carrying structures due to their good load transfer behavior and aesthetic form. During fabrication of a cold-formed rectangular hollow section (CFRHS), the concave inside corner surfaces experience significant compressive plastic strains. The resulting tensile residual stresses in the corner region significantly reduce the fatigue strength in some design applications. Sections cut from CFRHSs with two different wall thicknesses were studied using distortion fatigue loading and using X-ray diffraction residual stress measurements. Residual stresses and fatigue strengths were virtually identical for the two thicknesses even though the corner radius to thickness ratio was different. Residual stresses were found to significantly influence those corners subjected to compression-compression loading. Fatigue strength of these corners was improved by a stress relief heat treatment, but the treatment had no significant effect on corners subjected to tension-tension loading.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aTubes.
=650  \0$aMetals$xCreep.
=650  \0$aStainless steel$xFatigue.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aCold forming.
=650  \0$aResidual stresses.
=650  \0$aStructural tubes.
=650  14$aFatigue.
=650  24$aCold forming.
=650  24$aResidual stresses.
=650  24$aStructural tubes.
=700  1\$aBjörk, Timo,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMarquis, Gary,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101570.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101571
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101571$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101571$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.34
=082  04$a620.1/125$223
=100  1\$aDavid, C. N.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aImpact Fatigue Failure Investigation of HVOF Coatings /$cC. N. David, M. A. Athanasiou, K. G. Anthymidis, P. K. Gotsis.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aDynamic impact-wear and coating fatigue at cyclic loading conditions demonstrates a very demanding failure mode, which occurs in a number of mechanical applications and it becomes very critical when the application concerns aggressive working environments. The coating impact testing is a novel experimental technique developed to investigate the fatigue behavior of coating-substrate compounds, which was not possible with the common testing methods previously available. The objective of this study is to investigate the influence of the impact load on the fatigue strength of thermal spray high velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) coatings. Furthermore, the overall aim of the current research is to prove the reliability of the impact testing method to assess the coating lifetime against fatigue, to interpret the coating failure modes, and thereby to explore its capability, whether this nonstandard test can be used in industrial scale as a reliable technique in the development and optimization of fatigue resistant coatings. Based on the above method the current research provides experimental results concerning the coating fracture in terms of cohesive and adhesive failure modes. The fatigue strength of the tested coatings is determined in terms of fatigue-like diagrams by means of scanning electron and white light interference microscopy, as well as by electron dispersive x-ray analysis (EDX) at discrete loads and number of loading cycles. From the conducted experiments, it was shown that the optimum HVOF coating against fatigue is the WC-CoCr.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aImpact.
=650  \0$aSpace vehicles$xMaterials.
=650  \0$aFatigue des matériaux.
=650  \0$aVéhicules spatiaux.
=650  \0$aImpact fatigue.
=650  \0$aHVOF coatings.
=650  14$aHVOF coatings.
=650  24$aImpact fatigue.
=650  24$aCohesive-adhesive coating failure.
=700  1\$aAthanasiou, M. A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAnthymidis, K. G.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGotsis, P. K.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101571.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101572
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101572$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101572$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH9119
=082  04$a363.73/94097123$223
=100  1\$aVolgas, Gregory,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Unique Formulation of Glyphosate in the Acid Form /$cGregory Volgas, Robert E. Mack, Johnnie Roberts, Mark Wayland, Bobby Alford.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b1
=520  3\$aGlyphosate is a broad-spectrum herbicide effective on deep-rooted perennial species and on annual and biennial species of grasses, sedges, and broadleaf weeds. The solubility of glyphosate acid is relatively low in water, 12 g/L (25°C). Since glyphosate is an acid, however, numerous water-soluble salts can be formed. Recently, formulations have been developed that avoid the need to make salts. Instead, the glyphosate is presented in the acid form. Unlike traditional glyphosate salt formulations, that need surfactants to enhance their uptake, the acid formulation of HM-2028 does not rely on reduced surface tension or other surfactant effects to provide excellent uptake and herbicide efficacy.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAcid deposition$xEffect of glyphosate on$zAlberta.
=650  \0$aWater$xEffect of glyphosate on$zAlberta.
=650  \0$aGlyphosate.
=650  \0$aHerbicide.
=650  \0$aUptake.
=650  \0$aFluorescence imaging.
=650  \0$aSurface tension.
=650  \0$aTranslocation.
=650  14$aGlyphosate.
=650  24$aHerbicide.
=650  24$aSurface tension.
=650  24$aUptake.
=650  24$aTranslocation.
=650  24$aFluorescence imaging.
=650  24$aABUTH.
=650  24$aCHEAL.
=650  24$aIPOLA.
=650  24$aAMBEL.
=700  1\$aMack, Robert E.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRoberts, Johnnie,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWayland, Mark,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAlford, Bobby,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101572.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101581
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101581$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101581$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTE7
=082  04$a625.85$223
=100  1\$aRivolta, B.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDilatometric Analysis for Investigating Age Hardening in a Commercial Precious Metal Dental Alloy /$cB. Rivolta, R. Gerosa, M. R. Pinasco, G. Pellati.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b31
=520  3\$aAge hardening in a commercial precious metal dental alloy based on the Au–Cu–Ag system with platinum addition was investigated by light optical microscope, scanning electron microscope, energy dispersion x-ray system microanalysis, image analysis, hardness measurements, and dilatometric tests. Dilatometric tests are known to give important information for optimizing the heat treatment parameters of metallic materials but are seldom used in studying the hardening of precious alloys. Nonisothermal dilatometric tests were used to point out the temperature range within which the microstructural hardening transformations occur, while isothermal tests were adopted to study the kinetics of each transformation. The macrohardness and microhardness measurements contributed to the understanding of the nature of the observed transformations, together with the microstructural analysis. We concluded that hardening is mainly due to order-disorder transformations taking place in the matrix. The identified optimal parameters were used for the heat treatment of a lost wax casting alloy prepared according to the traditional procedures for prosthesis manufacturing.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPavements, Asphalt.
=650  \0$aAsbestos.
=650  \0$aAge hardening.
=650  \0$aViscometers.
=650  \0$aBituminous pavements.
=650  \0$aPavement design.
=650  \0$aAge hardening.
=650  \0$aDental intermetallics.
=650  \0$aTernary alloy systems.
=650  \0$aThermal properties.
=650  14$aTernary alloy systems.
=650  24$aAge hardening.
=650  24$aDental intermetallics.
=650  24$aThermal properties.
=650  24$aMetallographic techniques.
=700  1\$aGerosa, R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPinasco, M. R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPellati, G.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101581.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101583
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101583$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101583$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQ180.A4942002
=082  04$a507.2/071$223
=100  1\$aKumar, Anuj,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAssessment of the Ozone Formation Potential from Pesticide Solvents Using a Mobile Ozone Chamber Assay Approach /$cAnuj Kumar, Wenli Yang, Cody J. Howard, Michael J. Kleeman, Doniche Derrick, Peter G. Green.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b15
=520  3\$aThe use of pesticides in California’s agricultural industry plays a role in air quality with emissions of organic compounds thought to contribute to the formation of ground level ozone. Ozone levels in many regions of California exceed the prescribed Federal and State standards every year. The actual contribution from pesticide applications (as well as other agricultural sources) is largely unknown, and relies on assumptions of reactivity and tendency to evaporate. Progress on accurate determinations of either parameter is limited by many factors, including the proprietary nature of formulations. We have developed an approach which can measure the ozone formation potential of many agricultural sources, in the field. This approach was previously validated and described during a recently completed and published study of emissions from dairy cattle, their feed, as well as their fresh waste. With accompanying measurements of the most abundant volatile organic compounds (VOCs) involved there, we showed agreement between laboratory studies, field measurements, and a computer model of atmospheric photochemical reactions that improves upon past efforts, which were limited to urban/industrial VOCs. Our goal is to reach the same level of understanding for VOCs contained in pesticide formulations.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSoil fumigation$xResearch$zCalifornia.
=650  \0$aOzone$xMeasurement.
=650  \0$aSoils$xPesticide content$zCalifornia.
=650  \0$aFumigants$xAnalysis.
=700  1\$aYang, Wenli,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHoward, Cody J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKleeman, Michael J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDerrick, Doniche,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGreen, Peter G.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101583.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101585
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101585$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101585$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aHD9475
=082  04$a338.10973$223
=100  1\$aKrevalis, Martin A.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aInvestigating the Use of Hydrocarbon Fluids in Seed Treatment Formulations /$cMartin A. Krevalis, George B. Beestman.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aCurrently, available seed treatments are most often applied as aqueous dispersions or water-based flowable formulations of the active ingredients. Historically, alternatives to aqueous-based treatment methods have been disfavored because alternative solvents, mainly organic solvents, were believed to be toxic toward seeds (phytotoxic). Prior work has shown that seeds such as corn, cotton, wheat, and soybean may be treated with certain nonaqueous solvents, such as hydrocarbon fluids (e.g., normal paraffinic, isoparaffinic, dearomatized mixed aliphatics, and aromatics), with little or no negative effects observed to the seed. In the study reported here, further investigation into the use of fluids for seed treatments has been carried out, and more intensive testing of the phytotoxicity of fluids to seeds, utilizing harsher conditions over longer periods of time (cold germination, saturated cold germination, accelerated aging tests), has been completed. Results have confirmed the importance of fluid volatility (higher volatility fluids result in less phytotoxic response by seeds) and of treatment rates (lower treatment rates minimize negative effects). Seed sensitivity is also important. Cotton and soybean seeds are essentially unaffected by fluids, while wheat and corn seeds show relatively large effects, mitigated to some extent by high volatility and low treatment rates. Although the underlying reasons are not known, fluid treatment of seeds resulted in improvements in germination rates in the saturated cold test, to a small extent for cotton, and to a much greater extent for wheat. Overall, these results indicate that fluids can play a role in seed treatments. The use of fluids requires a balance of factors around fluid structure, volatility, treatment rate, and seed sensitivity. The goal of this work is to take the learnings from these studies, apply them to a full seed treatment formulation, and identify advantages of a fluid-based seed treatment formulation over an aqueous-based formulation.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAgricultural machinery industry.
=650  \0$aFertilizer industry.
=650  \0$aPesticides industry.
=650  \0$aSeed industry and trade.
=650  \0$aSeed.
=650  \0$aHydrocarbon.
=650  \0$aFluids.
=650  \0$aSolvents.
=650  \0$aSeed treatment.
=650  \0$aPhytotoxicity.
=650  \0$aSeed safety.
=650  14$aSolvents.
=650  24$aFluids.
=650  24$aHydrocarbon.
=650  24$aSeed safety.
=650  24$aSeed treatment.
=650  24$aSeed.
=650  24$aPhytotoxicity.
=700  1\$aBeestman, George B.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101585.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101587
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101587$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101587$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.38
=082  04$a620.1/123$223
=100  1\$aMall, Shankar,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFretting Fatigue Behavior of Shot-Peened Ti-6Al-4V and IN100 /$cShankar Mall, J. L. Ng, E. Madhi.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b21
=520  3\$aShot-peened titanium alloy Ti-6Al-4V and nickel-based super alloy IN100 were subjected to plain and fretting fatigue under cylinder-on-flat contact condition at room temperature. Measurement of compressive residual surface stress from shot-peening before and after fretting showed relaxation, which was significant in IN100 and near the contact surface. The fretting fatigue life of IN100 did not improve significantly due to shot-peening, while there was considerable improvement for Ti-6Al-4V and relatively less relaxation of the residual surface stress. Further, fretting had a relatively more detrimental effect on the fatigue performance of Ti-6Al-4V than in the case of IN100. A critical plane-based fatigue crack initiation model, a modified shear stress range parameter, was computed from finite element analysis for two levels of residual surface stress relaxation: no relaxation and complete relaxation. This analysis suggested that not only crack initiation but also propagation should be considered to characterize fretting fatigue behavior of shot-peened specimens; however, it showed an appropriate trend with the measured fretting fatigue life and agreement with several other experimental observations.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMaterials$xFatigue.
=650  \0$aFretting corrosion.
=650  \0$aFretting fatigue.
=650  \0$aShot-peening.
=650  \0$aStress relaxation.
=650  \0$aTitanium alloy.
=650  14$aFretting fatigue.
=650  24$aResidual surface stress.
=650  24$aShot-peening.
=650  24$aStress relaxation.
=650  24$aCrack initiation parameter.
=650  24$aTitanium alloy.
=650  24$aNickel-based super alloy.
=700  1\$aNg, J. L.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMadhi, E.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101587.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101591
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101591$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101591$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTD427.A77
=082  04$a628.5/2$223
=100  1\$aWang, Suiling,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Review on Advanced Treatment Methods for Arsenic Contaminated Soils and Water /$cSuiling Wang, Xiangyu Zhao.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b84
=520  3\$aA number of treatment methods have been investigated in the laboratory or full scale to remove arsenic from drinking water and to remediate arsenic-contaminated sites. This paper gives a review on the advanced technologies for the treatment of arsenic-contaminated soils and water. Treatment methods such as oxidation, anion exchange, membrane separation, and adsorption/precipitation have been developed to remove arsenic from drinking water or groundwater. However, further research is needed to find new and more efficient substitute materials for the ion exchange resins, membranes, and adsorbents to improve the treatment and cost efficiencies. A stabilization/solidification method has been demonstrated successfully to contain arsenic in contaminated soils, sediments, and solid wastes. Vitrification is also applicable but may be more expensive due to the high energy requirements. Electrochemical methods based on electrokinetics are emerging. Especially, electrokinetics and electrodialysis are suited for fine-grained soils. Chemical extraction, either in-situ or ex-situ, can be efficient to remove bulk arsenic from contaminated soils and solid wastes. Selection of proper extractants is the key to the success of this method. Bioremediation, phytoremediation, and natural attenuation show great potential for future developments because of their environmental compatibility and cost effectiveness. Generally, it is critical to recognize that no single specific technology may be considered as generally applicable. Combination of existing technologies may provide an efficient and cost-effective treatment alternative. Use of biodegradable and environmentally benign products to enhance the remediation processes should be further investigated.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aArsenic$xEnvironmental aspects.
=650  \0$aArsenic$xToxicology.
=650  \0$aGroundwater$xPollution.
=650  \0$aSoil pollution.
=650  \0$aSoils.
=650  \0$aArsenic.
=650  \0$aSite remediation.
=650  14$aArsenic.
=650  24$aDrinking water treatment.
=650  24$aGroundwater contamination.
=650  24$aSite remediation.
=700  1\$aZhao, Xiangyu,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101591.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101597
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101597$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101597$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aSB608.W5
=082  04$a632.425$223
=100  1\$aFerguson, D. C.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFungicides Associated with Two Adjuvant Formulations for Preventive and Curative Soybean Rust Control /$cD. C. Ferguson, J. R. Yowell, L. Larissa May-De Mio, Cláudia V. Godoy, Fabio da Cunha, Gilson Machado Rosa, Vismar da C. Lima Neto.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b26
=520  3\$aThis two-year study targeted measuring the effect of three different fungicide formulations in order to control soybean rust (Phakopsora pachyrhizi). This study also measured the effect of controlling soybean rust by adding a fixed concentration, 1 % v/v of two adjuvants into the three fungicide formulations and then varying the concentration of the two adjuvants at 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 % into a tebuconazole formulation only. The first year of the study was conducted in the field in two regions of the Paraná State (Southern region of Brazil). The second year of the study was conducted in a greenhouse and in the field.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFungicides.
=650  \0$aPuccinia Recondita.
=650  \0$aHongos.
=650  \0$aLeaf rust of wheat.
=650  \0$aFungicide.
=650  \0$aTebuconazole.
=650  \0$aAdjuvant.
=650  \0$aSoybean rust.
=650  14$aTebuconazole.
=650  24$aAdjuvant.
=650  24$aSoybean rust.
=650  24$aFungicide.
=650  24$aPhakopsora pachyrhizi.
=700  1\$aYowell, J. R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMay-De Mio, L. Larissa,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGodoy, Cláudia V.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$ada Cunha, Fabio,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRosa, Gilson Machado,$eauthor.
=700  1\$ada C. Lima Neto, Vismar,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101597.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101598
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101598$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101598$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRA1270.H9
=082  04$a363.1792$223
=100  1\$aTheissen, Heinrich W.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffects of Contamination of Biobased Hydraulic Fluids with Mineral Oil /$cHeinrich W. Theissen.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b6
=520  3\$aThere are many occasions for biobased hydraulic fluids to be contaminated with mineral oil, caused either by incomplete flushing during conversion from mineral oil to bio-oil, or by carelessness during maintenance and refilling. With high contamination levels, problems like foaming, poor air release, or filter clogging have been reported. In experiments at IFAS (Institute for Fluid Power Drives and Controls) of RWTH Aachen University, relevant properties of biobased oils contaminated with different levels of various mineral oils have been analyzed. It was found, that the degree of deterioration correlates not to the amount of mineral oil added, but to the amount of metals introduced through the mineral oil’s additives. Deterioration effects may take several hours or days to develop. The effects are specific for different bio-oil products. As a practical consequence, some changes in quality control, product documentation, and standardization are recommended.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMineral oils$xToxicology.
=650  \0$aHydraulic fluids$xToxicology.
=650  \0$aMineral Oil$xtoxicity.
=650  \0$aISO 15380.
=650  \0$aClogging.
=650  \0$aBio-oil.
=650  \0$aFoam.
=650  \0$aContamination.
=650  \0$aFilter.
=650  \0$aHydraulics.
=650  \0$aMobile hydraulics.
=650  \0$aBiobased lubricant.
=650  14$aBio-oil.
=650  24$aBiobased lubricant.
=650  24$aBiodegradable hydraulic fluid.
=650  24$aHydraulics.
=650  24$aMobile hydraulics.
=650  24$aFoam.
=650  24$aFilter.
=650  24$aClogging.
=650  24$aContamination.
=650  24$aISO 15380.
=650  24$aGerman Market Introduction Program for Biobased Lubricants.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101598.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101601
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101601$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101601$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA681
=082  04$a620.1/36$223
=100  1\$aHarris, Nathan J.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Use of the Foam Index Test to Predict AEA Dosage in Concrete Containing Fly Ash :$bPart I—Evaluation of the State of Practice /$cNathan J. Harris, Kenneth C. Hover, Kevin J. Folliard, M. Tyler Ley.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b18
=520  3\$aFoam index tests can be used to predict the air-entraining admixtures dosages for concrete containing fly ash. No industry-accepted foam index test standard exists and widely different methods have been used in research and industry. Four foam index test variants were compared to determine if variations of the test method alter the results or change the decisions one makes on the basis of the test. This is Part I of a three-part series that compares existing foam index methods, identifies factors to which the tests are most sensitive, and proposes detailed guidelines for a standard test method.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aConcrete construction$xQuality control.
=650  \0$aConcrete$xQuality control.
=650  \0$aFly ash.
=650  \0$aQuality control.
=650  \0$aFoam index.
=650  14$aAir-entrained concrete.
=650  24$aAir-entraining admixture.
=650  24$aFly ash.
=650  24$aFoam index.
=650  24$aQuality control.
=700  1\$aHover, Kenneth C.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFolliard, Kevin J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLey, M. Tyler,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101601.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101602
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101602$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101602$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA681
=082  04$a620.1/36$223
=100  1\$aHarris, Nathan J.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Use of the Foam Index Test to Predict Air-Entraining Admixture Dosage in Concrete Containing Fly Ash :$nPart II—Development of a Standard Test Method :$bApparatus and Procedure /$cNathan J. Harris, Kenneth C. Hover, Kevin J. Folliard, M. Tyler Ley.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aThe foam index test can be useful for predicting air-entraining admixture (AEA) dosage in concrete or for evaluating AEA interaction with other mixture ingredients. The test is sensitive to several factors including container type and fullness, volume of materials, agitation, pipette precision, and others. This study isolates several key factors such as container dimensions and fullness, mixing procedure, time permitted for AEA-cm-water interaction, and time permitted for drainage of unstable foam; and examines their influence on foam index test results. Recommendations for a standard test are proposed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aConcrete construction$xQuality control.
=650  \0$aConcrete$xQuality control.
=650  \0$aFly ash.
=650  \0$aQuality control.
=650  \0$aFoam index.
=650  14$aAir-entrained concrete.
=650  24$aAir-entraining admixtures.
=650  24$aFly ash.
=650  24$aFoam index.
=650  24$aQuality control.
=700  1\$aHover, Kenneth C.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFolliard, Kevin J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLey, M. Tyler,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101602.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101603
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101603$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101603$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA681
=082  04$a620.1/36$223
=100  1\$aHarris, Nathan J.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Use of the Foam Index Test to Predict Air-Entraining Admixture Dosage in Concrete Containing Fly Ash :$nPart III—Development of a Standard Test Method :$bProportions of Materials /$cNathan J. Harris, Kenneth C. Hover, Kevin J. Folliard, M. Tyler Ley.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aThe foam index test can be useful for predicting air-entraining admixture (AEA) dosage in concrete or for evaluating AEA interaction with other mixture ingredients. The test is sensitive to several factors including total water content, water-cementitious materials ratio, ash-cementitious materials ratio, and others. This study isolates several key factors and examines their influence on foam index test results. Recommendations for a standard test are proposed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aConcrete construction$xQuality control.
=650  \0$aConcrete$xQuality control.
=650  \0$aFly ash.
=650  \0$aQuality control.
=650  \0$aFoam index.
=650  14$aAir-entrained concrete.
=650  24$aAir-entraining admixtures.
=650  24$aFly ash.
=650  24$aFoam index.
=650  24$aQuality control.
=700  1\$aHover, Kenneth C.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFolliard, Kevin J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLey, M. Tyler,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101603.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101605
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101605$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101605$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTL701
=082  04$a629.133/34$223
=100  1\$aSnyder, Carl Ed.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffects of Contamination on Aerospace Hydraulic Component and System Performance /$cCarl Ed. Snyder, Lois J. Gschwender, Shashi K. Sharma.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (4 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aMost papers concerning hydraulic systems contamination cover primarily the adverse effects of particulate contamination on hydraulic component and system performance. While that is a valid concern, the effects of other contaminants can also be serious. This paper concentrates on the adverse effects of water, free air, and chemical contaminants on military aerospace hydraulic component and systems performance. The hydraulic fluids used in the military aerospace systems are both the mineral oil-based MIL-PRF-5606 [1] and the synthetic hydrocarbon-based fire resistant hydraulic fluids MIL-PRF-83282 [2], and MIL-PRF-87257 [3]. Examples will be provided where each of the contaminants were responsible for some adverse effect and the recommended solution for the problems will be provided. Some of the problems encountered were stuck valves, spongy controls, “burnt” hydraulic fluid, and erratic actuator performance. The methodology used to identify the source of the problem will be presented. Based on the problems found, limits for these contaminants were recommended and, when followed, solved the problems for the aircraft involved. The major significance of this paper is to enlighten the aerospace hydraulic system community to the potential problems caused by contamination other than particulate contamination and to suggest solutions for these problems.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAerospace engineering.
=650  \0$aAirplanes$xMotors.
=650  \0$aHydraulic engineering.
=650  \0$aAir contamination.
=650  \0$aWater contamination.
=650  14$aHydraulic fluid contamination.
=650  24$aHydraulic fluid purification.
=650  24$aWater contamination.
=650  24$aAir contamination.
=650  24$aChemical contamination.
=700  1\$aGschwender, Lois J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSharma, Shashi K.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101605.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101606
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101606$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101606$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD515
=082  04$a543.086$223
=100  1\$aVidican, Ioana,$eauthor.
=245  10$aXRF, XRD, and Thermal Analysis Techniques for Quantitative Determination of Portland Cement and Slag Cement Constituents /$cIoana Vidican, Binh Phan, Jerry Farr, Newell Norton.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b3
=520  3\$aTwo rapid test methods to determine and quantify sulfate forms in cement are presented—DSC and XRD. The DSC method is applicable to hydrated calcium sulfates: gypsum and bassanite. Its description includes preparation of standards, calibration curves, and calculation of hydrated sulfates in an unknown cement sample. The XRD method is used qualitatively and quantitatively for both hydrated and nonhydrated sulfate forms. The qualitative approach is used to identify the presence of sulfates in cement samples. The quantitative approach describes the Rietveld analysis applied to a cement sample containing gypsum, bassanite, anhydrite, and arcanite. The calculated total SO3 content is compared with another direct analytical technique (Sulfur Analyzer). The other two methods used to determine the amount of granulated blast furnace slag added to cement are discussed—DTA and XRD. With the DTA method, the exothermic peak that accompanies slag devitrification at high temperatures is measured and converted in slag percentages. The method’s description includes preparation of standards, calibration curve, and calculation of slag content of an unknown cement sample. The XRD method works as a qualitative tool to show the effect of amorphous slag to a cement diffractogram as well as a quantitative tool (Rietveld analysis using an internal standard). Rietveld analysis on cement containing slag samples is used with XRF oxide analysis to correct the Bogue formula calculation for C3S. Three different calculations/corrections are discussed showing reasonably good approximate results.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aThermal analysis $xPeriodicals.
=650  \0$aCalorimetry$xPeriodicals.
=650  \0$aCalorimetry.
=650  \0$aRietveld.
=650  \0$aGranulated slag.
=650  \0$aSulfates.
=650  \0$aCement.
=650  14$aDSC.
=650  24$aXRD.
=650  24$aDTA.
=650  24$aXRF.
=650  24$aSulfates.
=650  24$aGranulated slag.
=650  24$aCement.
=650  24$aRietveld.
=700  1\$aPhan, Binh,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFarr, Jerry,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNorton, Newell,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101606.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101608
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101608$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101608$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.38
=082  04$a620.1/126$223
=100  1\$aAird, C. J.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aImpact of Residual Stress and Elastic Follow-Up on Fracture /$cC. J. Aird, S. Hadidi-Moud, C. E. Truman, D. J. Smith.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aThe presence of tensile residual stress in cracked structures combined with external loading leads to circumstances where a structure may fail at a lower applied load than when residual stresses are not present. This is taken into consideration in the fracture assessment codes which are usually invoked to determine whether a cracked structure is fit-for-purpose. These codes typically attempt to decompose the stresses present in the structure under consideration into either “secondary” or “primary” components, in order to simplify the assessment and avoid the need for detailed numerical modeling. It is acknowledged that whether a given residual stress field should be classified as “secondary” or as “primary” is dependent on the level of associated elastic follow-up (EFU). However, although there is a significant body of work related to the influence of EFU on the high temperature creep behavior of uncracked structures, the EFU concept has not yet been rigorously applied to the fracture assessment of cracked structures. This paper represents a first step towards a more rigorous application of the EFU concept to the fracture assessment of cracked structures containing residual stresses. Insight is provided into the influence of residual stress and EFU on fracture by considering the behavior of a simple three-bar assembly. Having introduced the concept, a three-bar type test rig capable of generating fit-up residual stresses with varying levels of EFU in a compact-tension fracture-specimen is presented. Results, produced using this test rig, from two cases with identical levels of initial residual stress but different levels of associated EFU are considered. It is concluded that EFU is important in determining how the residual force in the specimen changes (and therefore how the component of crack driving force associated with the residual force changes) as damage accumulates in the specimen subsequent to fracture initiation.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFatigue(Mechanics)
=650  \0$aStress concentration.
=650  \0$aResidual stress.
=650  \0$aEnvironmental impact.
=650  \0$aStress waves.
=650  \0$aElastic follow-up.
=650  \0$aResidual stress.
=650  \0$aFracture assessment.
=650  14$aResidual stress.
=650  24$aElastic follow-up.
=650  24$aFracture assessment.
=700  1\$aHadidi-Moud, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTruman, C. E.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSmith, D. J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101608.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101610
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101610$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101610$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.38
=082  04$a620.1/123$223
=100  1\$aGolden, Patrick J.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aInfluence of Residual Stresses on Fretting Fatigue Life Prediction in Ti-6Al-4V /$cPatrick J. Golden, Dennis Buchanan, Sam Naboulsi.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b21
=520  3\$aThe objective of this work was to evaluate life prediction methodologies involving fretting fatigue of turbine engine materials with advanced surface treatments. Fretting fatigue tests were performed on Ti-6Al-4V dovetail specimens with and without advanced surface treatments. These tests were representative of the conditions found in a turbine engine blade to disk attachment. Laser shock processing and low plasticity burnishing have been shown to produce deep compressive residual stresses with relatively little cold work. Testing showed these advanced surface treatments improved fretting fatigue strength by approximately 50 %. In addition to advanced surface treatments, several specimens were also coated with diamond-like carbon applied through a nonline-of-sight process capable of coating small dovetail slots in an engine disk. Testing with this coating alone and combined with advanced surface treatments also significantly improved fretting fatigue strength due to a decreased coefficient of friction along with the compressive residual stresses. This work presents a mechanics based lifing analysis of these tests that takes into account the local plasticity and the redistribution of residual stresses due to the contact loading. The use of superposition of the residual stresses into the contact stress analysis results in unconservative crack growth life predictions. Finite element analyses were conducted to predict the redistribution of residual stresses due to the contact loading. The redistributed residual stresses were used to make improved crack growth life predictions when possible. The results showed very little redistribution of residual stresses for the advanced surface treatments, however, a significant change in shot peened residual stress gradients was predicted.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMaterials$xFatigue.
=650  \0$aFretting corrosion.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aFretting.
=650  \0$aCrack growth.
=650  \0$aResidual stress.
=650  \0$aSurface treatments.
=650  14$aFretting.
=650  24$aFatigue.
=650  24$aCrack growth.
=650  24$aSurface treatments.
=650  24$aResidual stress.
=700  1\$aBuchanan, Dennis,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNaboulsi, Sam,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101610.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101612
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101612$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101612$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRC1085
=082  04$a155.9/65$223
=100  1\$aBall, Dale L.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Influence of Residual Stress on the Design of Aircraft Primary Structure /$cDale L. Ball.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (18 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b31
=520  3\$aAggressive performance and weight objectives are driving aircraft manufacturers toward the use of advanced materials and structural concepts that may have inherent, process induced residual stresses in localized, but critical areas. Certification of these structures will require that the influence of these residual stresses be properly accounted for during design. One example of this circumstance is the unitization of lugs and fittings with primary spars and bulkheads. This is being done in order to reduce part count, which, in turn, reduces the necessity for large numbers of fasteners and the associated hole preparation/mating requirements. Such unitization can be achieved through the use of large forgings, which experience has shown may have significant residual stresses in localized areas, even after final machining. For man-rated flight vehicles, primary structural elements are typically designed based on damage tolerance concepts. This requires that fatigue crack growth analysis and testing be used for certification of the structure. Thus, for advanced design concepts based on unitized structure, the influence of residual stress on fatigue crack growth must be addressed. A substantial body of work has been developed over the past three decades by numerous researchers in the field of fracture mechanics with regard to residual stress. In what has become the standard approach to the problem, the residual stress field is used to estimate a residual stress intensity factor (SIF) using weight function or Green’s function techniques. The residual SIF is superimposed with the applied SIF due to service loading and the total is then used in an otherwise unmodified, LEFM-based fatigue crack growth analysis. In this paper, we describe current research directed toward the formal inclusion of residual stress effects in the design of aircraft primary structure. This effort has three focus areas. The first is the extraction of confounding residual stress effects during the characterization of the fundamental fatigue crack growth rate behavior of a critical aluminum alloy. The second is the quantification, both by analysis and experiment, of the location, spatial magnitude, and stress magnitude of the residual stress fields in a candidate forged/machined part. The third is the development of improved fatigue crack growth analysis methods that selectively account for the presence of residual stresses. Each of the three focus areas provides a critical ingredient to a proposed design analysis method in which components are analyzed using intrinsic (residual stress free) material data, with residual stresses then explicitly introduced only in those areas where they are known to exist. The discussion includes the results of a trade study on a wing spar showing potential optimization, both in terms of weight savings in over-designed areas, and service life/damage tolerance enhancement in under-designed areas.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAviation psychology.
=650  \0$aAircraft industry$xEmployees$xHealth and hygiene.
=650  \0$aStress management.
=650  \0$aACR-method.
=650  \0$aStructural design.
=650  \0$aResidual stress.
=650  14$aResidual stress.
=650  24$aACR-method.
=650  24$aFatigue crack growth analysis.
=650  24$aStructural design.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101612.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101615
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101615$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101615$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRA1225
=082  04$a615.9/54$223
=100  1\$aCostello, Lauren,$eauthor.
=245  10$aComparison of ASTM and CIPAC Suspension Methods /$cLauren Costello, Greg Lindner.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b7
=520  3\$aSuspension testing is a standard way of characterizing the effectiveness of dispersants in wet or dry formulations. In a suspensibility test, a measured amount of material is diluted in hard water and given a specified amount of time to settle. The settled material is recovered and used to calculate the amount of material that remained suspended, yielding a suspension percentage. Different organizations use slightly different methods to conduct this characterization, and there are few studies which allow the experimentalist to correlate results between methods. The objective of this work is to compare two standard suspension tests, ASTM and CIPAC (Collaborative International Pesticides Analytical Council) and determine their correlation, if one exists. While similar, the methods vary by a few factors including the initial volume fraction of the material and the means of recovering the settled material. Several formulations of copper (II) hydroxide, dispersed with varying amounts of acrylic polymer, were dried and sieved into granule solids and powder solids. Suspension properties were tested using both methods. Resultant suspension percentages for each formula were charted, CIPAC results versus ASTM results. The coefficient of determination (R2) for the suspension percentages of the granule and powder solids was found to be 0.976 and 0.984, respectively. The granular solids showed a one-to-one relationship (slope=1) between results generated by these methods while the powder solids did not, y=0.56+0.37. The driver for this skew may be due to different particle volume fractions between the tests, a parameter which has the potential to affect viscosity in a predictable manner and which is represented mathematically by the Krieger-Dougherty equation.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPediatric toxicology.
=650  \0$aPesticide residues in food$zUnited States.
=650  \0$aPesticides$xToxicology.
=650  \0$aInfant formulas$xContamination.
=650  \0$aPesticide.
=650  \0$aSuspension testing.
=650  \0$aSuspensibility.
=650  14$aPesticide.
=650  24$aSuspension testing.
=650  24$aWater dispersible granule.
=650  24$aWater dispersible powder.
=650  24$aCIPAC.
=650  24$aSuspensibility.
=700  1\$aLindner, Greg,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101615.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101616
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101616$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101616$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA480.A6
=082  04$a620.186$223
=100  1\$aReid, Len,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPractical Challenges Testing Coupons with Residual Stresses from Cold Expanded Holes /$cLen Reid, Joy Ransom.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b21
=520  3\$aCold expanding holes in metal components is widely used throughout the aerospace industry to extend fatigue life and damage tolerance. The beneficial residual stresses induced by hole cold expansion arrest or significantly retard the growth of fatigue cracks, and in doing so make fatigue or crack growth life prediction more difficult. Under low stress level/high cycle fatigue testing, residual compressive stresses have been shown to increase the fatigue strength of the material leading to an “infinite life” and consequent “run-out” of test coupons at the test hole or changing the location of failure away from the test hole. While advantageous to aircraft operators, it makes statistical life prediction difficult because the incomplete data have to be censored, leading to a knock-down of the beneficial life attained. Conversely, increasing stress levels toward material yield stress; life improvement factors are more definitive and tend toward unity. This paper reviews the derivation of residual stresses induced by hole cold expansion and discusses benefits to the structure/test coupon and how the residual stress field impacts fatigue life and damage tolerance/durability under cyclic load conditions. Challenges observed when testing coupons that have been processed using hole cold expansion including modification of the crack behavior and its effect on material microstructure, relocation of crack initiation, dynamics of the redistribution of stress and the crack growth mechanism as well as scatter of results, are also discussed with a focus on aluminum materials.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAluminum alloys.
=650  \0$aHoles.
=650  \0$aShear (Mechanics)
=650  \0$aStrength of materials.
=650  \0$aStrains and stresses.
=650  \0$aCrack growth.
=650  14$aSplit sleeve cold expansion.
=650  24$aResidual compressive stress field.
=650  24$aFatigue life improvement.
=650  24$aCrack growth.
=700  1\$aRansom, Joy,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101616.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101617
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101617$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101617$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA640.2
=082  04$a624.1/71$223
=100  1\$aYamada, Y.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aElastic-Plastic Finite-Element Analyses of Compression Precracking and Its Influence on Subsequent Fatigue-Crack Growth /$cY. Yamada, J. C. Newman, J. C. Newman.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b23
=520  3\$aCompression precracking has been used in a renewed effort to generate fatigue-crack growth rates in the threshold and near-threshold regimes, as an alternative to the traditional load-reduction procedure. But concerns have been expressed on the influence of tensile residual stresses resulting from compressive yielding at the crack-starter notch. This paper uses elastic-plastic, finite-element analyses to study the influence of the tensile residual stresses induced by compression precracking on simulated crack growth under constant-amplitude loading. High-fidelity finite-element models (60 000 to 160 000 DOF) using two-dimensional plane-stress analyses were used to model plastic yielding during compressive loading and simulated fatigue-crack growth through the tensile residual-stress field. The finite-element code was ZIP2D and the course mesh had an element size of 2 μm. A refined mesh had an element size four times smaller (0.5 μm) than the course mesh. Fatigue-crack growth and crack-closure effects were simulated over a wide range in stress ratios (R=0 to 0.8) and load levels, after compression precracking. The crack-tip-opening displacement (CTOD) concept was used to judge the extent of the influence on the tensile residual stresses and the stabilization of the crack-opening loads. It was found that the tensile residual stress field decayed as the crack grew under cyclic loading. Once the crack had reached one compressive plastic-zone size, the tensile residual-stress field had dissipated. However, the stabilization of the crack-opening loads and merging of the CTOD values with and without compression precracking was found to be about 1.5 to 2 times the compressive plastic-zone size at R=0 loading. The effects dissipated at smaller distances from the notch tip for the higher stress ratios. The present results have validated the crack-extension criterion that had been proposed for use in the compressive precracking threshold test method, beyond which, cracks are growing under constant-amplitude (steady-state) behavior.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aContinuum mechanics.
=650  \0$aFinite element method.
=650  \0$aStructural analysis (Engineering)
=650  \0$aCrack closure.
=650  \0$aFatigue-crack growth.
=650  \0$aCompression.
=650  \0$aResidual stresses.
=650  \0$aLoad-history effect.
=650  \0$aPlasticity.
=650  14$aFatigue-crack growth.
=650  24$aCompression.
=650  24$aResidual stresses.
=650  24$aLoad-history effect.
=650  24$aCrack closure.
=650  24$aCrack-tip-opening displacement.
=650  24$aPlasticity.
=700  1\$aNewman, J. C.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101617.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101619
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101619$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101619$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN23
=082  04$a622/.28$223
=100  1\$aPrakash, Raghu V.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFatigue Crack Growth in Open and Nut-Loaded Bolts with and without Pretension Loading /$cRaghu V. Prakash, Akash Bagla.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (17 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aResults of an experimental study to understand crack growth in open threaded bolts and nut-loaded bolts with and without pretension are presented in this paper. Experimental crack growth rates are compared with predicted solutions obtained from known stress intensity factor solutions. For the experiment, a specially designed fixture was used for loading the bolt and the level of pretension was varied by controlling the displacement on the arm of the C section of the fixture. Programmed Hi–Lo fatigue load sequence was applied on a bolt to ensure that decodable marker bands are left behind on the fracture surface, to study the crack growth characteristics. Fatigue crack growth rate was estimated using a scanning electron microscope by identifying crack increment during high stress ratio cycles. This has been compared with predicted crack growth rates using available stress intensity factor solutions. Crack growth at the center of the bolt correlates well with Toribio’s (Int. J. Fract., Vol. 53, 1992, pp. 367–385) finite element based predictions for open threaded bolts. Crack growth rate is much higher at the surface than at the center. In case of nut-loaded bolts, available K solutions are found to be inadequate to provide an accurate estimate of crack growth rates at the center of the bolt. Further study is required to characterize the effect of friction, pitch angle, and thread geometry to understand crack growth in bolts.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBolts and nuts$xFatigue.
=650  \0$aMine roof bolting$xTesting.
=650  \0$aGrouting.
=650  \0$aMarker band technique.
=650  \0$aPretension loading.
=650  \0$aFatigue crack growth.
=650  \0$aNut-loaded bolts.
=650  \0$aOpen thread bolts.
=650  14$aFatigue crack growth.
=650  24$aOpen thread bolts.
=650  24$aNut-loaded bolts.
=650  24$aPretension loading.
=650  24$aMarker band technique.
=650  24$aStress intensity factor.
=700  1\$aBagla, Akash,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101619.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101620
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101620$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101620$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aG510
=082  04$a796.5/22$223
=100  1\$aEkeland, Arne,$eauthor.
=245  10$aInjury Trends in Norwegian Ski Resorts in the 10 Year Period 1996–2006 /$cArne Ekeland, Andreas Rødven.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b26
=520  3\$aA central ski patrol-based registration of skiing and boarding injuries was performed by the Norwegian Ski Lift Association during the winter seasons 1996/1997–2005/2006. Totals of 31 175 injured skiers/boarders and 21.898 million skier/boarder days were recorded during the ten seasons, giving an injury rate of 1.4 injured per 1000 skier/boarder days. Most of the injuries occurred during alpine skiing (49–58 %). Snowboarding injuries peaked with 45 % in the middle of the period decreasing to 35 % the last two seasons. Telemark skiing and skiboarding each accounted for less than 10 % of the injuries. Wrist injuries were most common among injured snowboarders and knee injuries among injured alpine skiers. The percentage of knee injuries was almost twice as high for females compared to males throughout the period (p<0.001). The prevalence of lower leg fracture for injured alpine skiers ⩽12 years decreased from 20 % to 13 % in the period (p<0.001), whereas the corresponding prevalence for teenagers and adults was relatively stable at 3–5 %. Injuries in terrain parks increased to 20 % of all injuries at the end of the period. The use of helmets among injured skiers/boarders increased from 11 % to 44 % in the 10-year period (p<0.001), whereas the prevalence of head injuries decreased from 19 % to 17 % (p<0.003). In conclusion, the injury rate has been almost constant during the last six seasons in Norwegian ski resorts. The prevalence of lower leg fracture has decreased in injured alpine skiers ⩽12 years. The use of protective helmet has increased by injured skiers/boarders and the prevalence of head injuries has decreased.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAlpinisme$xAccidents et blessures.
=650  \0$aSkiing Accidents and injuries.
=650  \0$aMountaineering injuries.
=650  \0$aSkiing injuries.
=650  \0$aSkiing trauma.
=650  \0$aSkiboarding.
=650  \0$aSkiing.
=650  \0$aSnowboarding.
=650  \0$aChildren.
=650  \0$aAthletic injuries.
=650  \0$aFractures.
=650  \0$aSports.
=650  \0$aSprains.
=650  \0$aTibial fractures.
=650  14$aAge factors.
=650  24$aAthletic injuries.
=650  24$aChildren.
=650  24$aFractures.
=650  24$aSkiing.
=650  24$aSkiing trauma.
=650  24$aSnowboarding.
=650  24$aSkiboarding.
=650  24$aSports.
=650  24$aSprains.
=650  24$aTibial fractures.
=700  1\$aRødven, Andreas,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101620.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101622
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101622$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101622$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aU395.C2D313
=082  04$a620$223
=100  1\$aSander, John,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Effects of Lubricant Ingredients on New Hydraulic Oil Cleanliness /$cJohn Sander, Steve Mauritz, Terry Smith, Jeff Turner, Spencer Courtney.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b8
=520  3\$aAlthough most of the emphasis on hydraulic fluid cleanliness is routinely placed on in-service fluids, more and more attention is being given to new hydraulic oil cleanliness. Nobody would argue that it is important for users to install clean hydraulic fluid in any system, but some have found that some fluids do not seem to clean no matter how much time is spent on preinstallation filtration. Is it possible that certain lubricant ingredients give false positive readings in certain generally accepted particle counting test methods? Some have already proven that the answer is yes. This paper will attempt to evaluate various specific chemical ingredients used to formulate hydraulic fluids, including base stocks and additive components, to determine in further detail which components “trick” particle count tests.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aGas chromatography.
=650  \0$aHydraulic fluids$xContamination.
=650  \0$aLubrication and lubricants.
=650  \0$aAdditive components.
=650  \0$aBase stocks.
=650  \0$aHydraulic fluids.
=650  \0$aLubricant cleanliness.
=650  \0$aOil analysis.
=650  14$aHydraulic fluids.
=650  24$aLubricant cleanliness.
=650  24$aBase stocks.
=650  24$aAdditive components.
=650  24$aOil analysis.
=700  1\$aMauritz, Steve,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSmith, Terry,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTurner, Jeff,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aCourtney, Spencer,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101622.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101623
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101623$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101623$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA480.T54
=082  04$a620.1/893226$223
=100  1\$aRuschau, John J.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCompression Precracking to Generate Near Threshold Fatigue Crack Growth Rates in an Aluminum and Titanium Alloy /$cJohn J. Ruschau, James C. Newman.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b17
=520  3\$aThe scope of this paper is to determine the fatigue-crack growth rates in the near-threshold regime for both an aluminum and titanium alloy using the compression precracking constant-amplitude (CPCA) test method on compact specimens. Tests were conducted over a wide range of stress ratios (R=Pmin/Pmax=0.1 to 0.9). Results were compared with threshold and near-threshold data generated on the same materials using the ASTM E647, “Standard Test Method for Measurement of Fatigue Crack Growth Rates,” load-shedding test procedure. On the 7075-T651 alloy, very little difference was observed in threshold values between the load-shedding and CPCA test methods. In contrast, the titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) showed very large differences between the CPCA and load-shedding test results in the near-threshold and threshold regimes for the low stress ratios. Results under high R conditions (R≥0.7) agreed well between the two-threshold test methods for both materials. On the titanium alloy, the load-shedding test method also produced a specimen width effect on near-threshold behavior, whereas the CPCA test method produced results that were independent of specimen width and produced “steady-state” constant-amplitude data in the near-threshold regime, after the crack had grown several compressive plastic-zone sizes.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAluminum alloys$xFatigue.
=650  \0$aAluminum alloys$xFracture.
=650  \0$aMetallic composites$xFatigue.
=650  \0$aMetallic composites$xFracture.
=650  \0$aTitanium alloys$xFatigue.
=650  \0$aTitanium alloys$xFracture.
=650  \0$aThreshold.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aCompression loading.
=650  \0$aCrack growth.
=650  \0$aAluminum.
=650  \0$aTitanium.
=650  \0$aResidual stress.
=650  14$aFatigue.
=650  24$aThreshold.
=650  24$aCrack growth.
=650  24$aResidual stress.
=650  24$aAluminum.
=650  24$aTitanium.
=650  24$aCompression loading.
=700  1\$aNewman, James C.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101623.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101624
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101624$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101624$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA480.A6
=082  04$a620.1/86$223
=100  1\$aMyriounis, D. P.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aHeat Treatment and Interface Effects on the Mechanical Behavior of SiC-Particle Reinforced Aluminium Matrix Composites /$cD. P. Myriounis, S. T. Hasan, T. E. Matikas.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b22
=520  3\$aThe interface plays a vital role in composites. Strengthening behavior of SiC-particle reinforced aluminium matrix composites relies on load transfer behavior across the interface, whereas toughness is influenced by crack deflection at the boundary between matrix and reinforcement and ductility is affected by relaxation of peak stresses near the interface. In general, metal matrix composites often behave asymmetrically in tension and in compression and have higher ultimate tensile strength, yet lower proportional limits, than monolithic alloys. Such behavior of composites lies with the factors governing matrix plasticity, which can be divided into two areas: those affecting the stress rate of the matrix, and those which alter the flow properties of the matrix through changes in microstructure induced by inclusion of the reinforcement. This work focuses on the characterization of the mechanical response of the interface to stresses arising from an applied load in SiC-particle reinforced aluminium matrix composites. The composites have been studied in the as-received (T1) and in the T6 and modified T6 (HT1) conditions. In the nonequilibrium heat treatment processing of the composites, nonequilibrium segregation arises due to imbalances in point defect concentrations set up around interfaces. Mechanical properties, including microhardness and stress-strain behavior, of aluminum matrix composites containing various percentages of SiC particulate reinforcement have been investigated. The elastic modulus, the yield/tensile strengths, and ductility of the composites were controlled primarily by the volume percentage of SiC reinforcement, the temper condition, and the precipitation hardening.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAluminum alloys.
=650  \0$aMetals$xHeat treatment.
=650  \0$aInterfacial strength.
=650  \0$aHeat treatment.
=650  14$aMetal matrix composites.
=650  24$aHeat treatment.
=650  24$aInterfacial strength.
=650  24$aPrecipitation hardening.
=700  1\$aHasan, S. T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMatikas, T. E.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101624.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101625
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101625$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101625$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aPS8553.E674C532006
=082  04$a843/.54$223
=100  1\$aLaporte, Jean-Dominique,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSki Bindings and Lower Leg Injuries, A Case Control Study in Flaine, 2006 /$cJean-Dominique Laporte, Marc-Hervé Binet, Nicolas Fenet, Dominique Constans, Patrick Joubert.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aThere has been much discussion in recent years regarding appropriate settings for release bindings in Alpine skiing. The authors take into account the fact that current recommended release criteria are based on midshaft tibia bone strength. The hypothesis of this work is to look at a link between binding release values and all lower limb injuries. Additionally, there is a proposal regarding the possibility of reducing injuries to the ligaments in the knee through modification of binding release value standards. Knee injuries including rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament remain a major risk for skiers and for women in particular. In July, 2000, the French standards group, AFNOR, recommended a modification to the ISO 11088 standard for release settings specifically designed to reduce binding release values particularly for women and for individuals with body weight less than 55 kg. The objective of this study is to measure the influence of binding release values on lower leg injuries, in particular for women. A case-control study at Flaine ski resort in 2006 was conducted to determine whether there is proof of causation between ski binding release values and lower leg injuries sustained on the ski slopes. Release torque values were measured for injured (n=129) and control (n=339) groups. The measurements were made for Alpine skiers by using standard measurement devices. Comparisons between recommended release settings based on AFNOR FD S 52-748 compared to actual release levels as a function of fall mechanism speed, type of release, type of ski, and self-reported experience level were analyzed statistically. There is a statistical link between AFNOR standard ski binding release values and injuries of lower limbs. We believe it is important to introduce a gender parameter in ISO binding release value tables to reduce the release values for women.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAbel, Dominic (Fictitious character)
=650  \0$aFractures.
=650  \0$aOutdoor education.
=650  \0$aSkis and skiing.
=650  \0$aAlpine skiing.
=650  \0$aSki bindings.
=650  14$aAlpine skiing.
=650  24$aACL.
=650  24$aMCL.
=650  24$aMidshaft tibia fractures.
=650  24$aSki bindings.
=650  24$aISO.
=650  24$aAFNOR.
=700  1\$aBinet, Marc-Hervé,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFenet, Nicolas,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aConstans, Dominique,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aJoubert, Patrick,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101625.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101628
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101628$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101628$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTJ843
=082  04$a629.2/25$223
=100  1\$aMichael, Paul,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAtomic Force Microscopy of Geroler Motor Wear Debris Ferrograms /$cPaul Michael, Andrew Bergesen, Brian Blazel, Aaron Kimball, Thomas S. Wanke.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b22
=520  3\$aHydraulic motors convert the flow produced by a hydraulic pump into rotary motion. These motors are often used to propel skid steers, excavators, loaders, feller bunchers, and other heavy equipment. While hydraulic pumps operate under relatively constant high-speed conditions, motors frequently come to a complete stop and reverse direction, particularly when the payload is engaged. As a result, hydraulic motors operate under boundary lubrication conditions which can promote wear-particle generation. In this study we examined wear particles generated by a geroler-type hydraulic motor under high-load conditions using online particle counters, direct-imaging laser particle analysis, ferrography, and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Relatively high quantities of particles were discharged from the hydraulic motor case drain and return-line during the first 30 min of break-in. After 30 min, the particle count decreased to an ISO 17/15/12 level. At the end of the 6-h break-in process case drain samples were approximately four-times cleaner than return-line samples. Under low-speed and high-speed, high-torque conditions, case drain samples were also very clean. Return-line particle counts were five-times higher at 1 rpm than at 450 rpm. Ferrographic analysis revealed that most of the wear particles were less than 15 μm in longest dimension and therefore may be classified as “normal” wear. AFM imaging of ferrograms was performed in contact and tapping mode using a phosphorus doped silicon probe that had a 10 nm tip radius. The largest particles produced during low-speed, high-torque operation tended to be a few hundred nanometers longer and thicker than those produced under milder break-in conditions. Ferrography proved to be a particularly useful method for preparing wear particles for AFM analysis because the ferrogram substrate is flat in the submicron range.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aIndustrial equipment.
=650  \0$aIndustrial productivity.
=650  \0$aMotor vehicles.
=650  \0$aOil hydraulic machinery.
=650  \0$aHydraulic motor.
=650  \0$aWear.
=650  \0$aFerrography.
=650  14$aHydraulic motor.
=650  24$aWear.
=650  24$aFerrography.
=650  24$aAtomic force microscopy.
=700  1\$aBergesen, Andrew,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBlazel, Brian,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKimball, Aaron,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWanke, Thomas S.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101628.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101629
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101629$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101629$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRM666.S68
=082  04$a615/.792$223
=100  1\$aWells, J. R.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aKinetics and Reaction Products of Ozone and Surface-Bound Squalene /$cJ. R. Wells, Glenn C. Morrison, Beverly K. Coleman.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b26
=520  3\$aBecause of the high occupant density in aircraft, the surface chemistry of ozone and squalene, an important component of skin oil, was evaluated. A reaction probability of (45±14)×10−5 was determined for the reaction of squalene (2,6,10,15,19,23-hexamethyl-2,6,10,14,18,22-tetracosahexaene) with ozone (50 parts per billion (ppb)) on a glass plate surface using the Field and Laboratory Emission Cell (FLEC) Automation and Control System (FACS). To more clearly define part of squalene’s indoor environment degradation mechanism, gas-phase and surface-bound products of the squalene+O3 reaction were also investigated. Emitted products were captured in solution, derivatized with O-(2,3,4,5,6-pentafluorobenzyl)hydroxylamine (PFBHA), and analyzed by gas chromatography and ion trap mass spectroscopy. The identified squalene+O3 reaction products were: 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one (6MHO, ((CH3)2CCH(CH2)2 C(O)CH3)), glyoxal (ethanedial, HC(O)C(O)H), 4-oxopentanal (4OPA, CH3C(O)CH2CH2 CH(O)), and 6,10-dimethylundeca-5,9-dien-2-one (geranyl acetone). The compound 5,9,13-trimethyltetradeca-4,8,12-trienal is proposed as the other major squalene+O3 reaction product. This compound was determined from mass spectrometry coupled with plausible squalene+O3 reaction mechanisms based on previously published volatile organic compound+O3 gas-phase reaction mechanisms.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSqualene$xThereapeutic use.
=650  \0$aSqualene$xtherapeutic use.
=650  \0$aOzone.
=650  \0$aSqualene.
=650  \0$aKinetics.
=650  \0$aReaction products.
=650  14$aOzone.
=650  24$aSqualene.
=650  24$aOxygenated organic compounds.
=650  24$aKinetics.
=650  24$aReaction products.
=700  1\$aMorrison, Glenn C.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aColeman, Beverly K.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101629.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101630
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101630$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101630$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aGV854.4
=082  04$a796.93$223
=100  1\$aHubbard, Mont,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSafer Ski Jump Landing Surface Design Limits Normal Impact Velocity /$cMont Hubbard.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b14
=520  3\$aSkiing and snowboarding have become more acrobatic with terrain park jumps and other manmade features playing a prominent role in an increase in serious spinal cord injuries. Yet these jumps rarely, if ever, involve formal or detailed design or engineering. This paper presents a coherent theory and methodology for the design of ski jump landing surfaces. The motion of the skier center of mass is modeled. Although jumpers may land in many configurations, we assume that the probability of severe landing injury is correlated with the component of skier velocity perpendicular (normal) to the landing surface v⊥ or, more understandably, with the corresponding equivalent fall height (EFH). The requirement that v⊥ and EFH be small is satisfied by making the landing surface nearly parallel to the skier flight path at landing. Safer landing surfaces that limit EFH to a given value are shown to satisfy a first order ordinary differential equation (ODE). Having chosen an EFH deemed safe enough by the designer, integration of this ODE provides members of an infinite family of landing surfaces that limit the EFH to the desired value, for any jumper in-run velocity. Using the takeoff ramp angle as another design variable, one can choose a member of this family to fit on almost any available jump site. The formulation incorporates the fact that skiers can slightly modify velocity direction and magnitude at takeoff by jumping and is valid for any landing body configuration. Such landing surfaces can still yield exhilarating flight experiences with relatively large flight times and air height above the surface, but without the danger posed by jumps created in an ad hoc manner, which can expose the skier to much larger unsafe equivalent fall heights.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAerobic exercises.
=650  \0$aLow impact aerobic exercises.
=650  \0$aSkis and skiing$xTraining.
=650  \0$aSnowboard.
=650  \0$aTerrain parks.
=650  \0$aSafety.
=650  \0$aSpinal cord injury.
=650  14$aSnowboard.
=650  24$aSafety.
=650  24$aTerrain parks.
=650  24$aSpinal cord injury.
=650  24$aEquivalent fall height.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101630.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101637
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101637$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101637$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aHD9000.5
=082  04$a338.1/9$223
=100  1\$aWarren, Christopher S.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDevelopment of a Multimedia Model for the Fate Prediction of Hydrocarbon Fluids in Agrochemical Formulations /$cChristopher S. Warren, Tom F. Parkerton, Arlean M. Rohde, Roger C. Prince, Ryan Manning, Dan J. Letinski.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b17
=520  3\$aHydrocarbon (HC) fluids are effective inerts in pesticide formulations. These fluids consist of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) that are assumed to be completely volatilized and undergo subsequent atmospheric reaction that may contribute to ozone formation during field use. However, these assumptions are based on laboratory evaporation tests, which fail to account for other environmentally relevant and competitive fate processes, such as biodegradation, soil sorption, runoff, and leaching. If appropriate input parameters are known, or can be reliably estimated, mass balance multimedia models can be used to characterize the importance and uncertainty of various fate processes and provide a more realistic assessment of the potential contribution to ozone formation. A model has been developed and applied to an agricultural field application scenario. Preliminary results suggest biodegradation and soil sorption are significant fate processes that can reduce the mass of HC VOCs entering the atmosphere by volatilization. The implications of applying multimedia models in assessing potential ozone formation from HC fluids in agricultural uses are further highlighted and preliminary laboratory work to confirm model findings is also discussed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHydrocarbon-producing plants.
=650  \0$aSustainable agriculture.
=650  \0$aAgrochemical.
=650  \0$aMultimedia model.
=650  \0$aFugacity.
=650  14$aVOC emission potential.
=650  24$aEmulsifiable concentrate.
=650  24$aAgrochemical.
=650  24$aMultimedia model.
=650  24$aFugacity.
=700  1\$aParkerton, Tom F.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRohde, Arlean M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPrince, Roger C.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aManning, Ryan,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLetinski, Dan J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101637.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101638
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101638$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101638$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTL681.A5
=082  04$a629.13442$223
=100  1\$aLoo, Sin Ming,$eauthor.
=245  10$aModular, Portable, Reconfigurable, and Wireless Sensing System for the Aircraft Cabin /$cSin Ming Loo, Michael Owen, Josh Kiepert, Arlen Planting.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aThis paper describes the design and prototyping of a modular, portable, reconfigurable, and wireless multi-purpose sensor system for monitoring and recording environmental conditions in aircraft cabins. The objective of this small portable embedded sensing system is to record aircraft cabin conditions on flights of convenience to generate a large database for determination of normal conditions. By designing a sensor system that can be easily reconfigured for different needs (with the ability and flexibility to accommodate different/extra sensors), the system can be used to measure parameters that meet multiple research requirements. Through design considerations such as generalized signal interface and hierarchical code structure that can be easily reworked for new sensors, this sensor system has been developed for optimum usefulness in aircraft environment research. In the current setup, the system is configured with temperature, humidity, sound level, carbon dioxide, and pressure sensors. The system has been calibrated in the laboratory without the use of a pressure chamber. Data from ten flights are presented in this paper.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAircraft cabins$xEnvironmental aspects.
=650  \0$aWireless sensor networks$xEvaluation.
=650  \0$aMonitoring.
=650  \0$aAircraft cabins.
=650  \0$aAircraft.
=650  \0$aPortable.
=650  \0$aReconfigurable.
=650  \0$aSensor system.
=650  \0$aModular.
=650  14$aSensor system.
=650  24$aModular.
=650  24$aReconfigurable.
=650  24$aPortable.
=650  24$aWireless.
=700  1\$aOwen, Michael,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKiepert, Josh,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPlanting, Arlen,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101638.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101639
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101639$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101639$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTL681.A5
=082  04$a629.13442$223
=100  1\$aMacGregor, Ian C.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aConcentrations of Selected Chemical Species in the Airliner Cabin Environment /$cIan C. MacGregor, Chester W. Spicer, Stephanie S. Buehler.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (20 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b60
=520  3\$aReported here are the concentrations of carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), fine particulate matter (PM2.5), ozone (O3), and volatile organic compounds (VOC) measured in the cabin and bleed air, and semivolatile organic compounds (SVOC) measured in only the cabin air, on four different commercial airliners in revenue service within the continental United States. Sampling was conducted over various time intervals including boarding, takeoff, cruise, and descent. Bleed air CO was never measured above the instrument detection limit of 2 ppm, and cabin CO only exceeded the detection limit briefly on one flight. The concentration of CO2 in bleed air was at ambient background levels for all flights, and cabin concentrations of CO2 were always well below the 5000 ppm Federal Aviation Administration standard. PM2.5 concentrations were well below levels of concern, with the exception of boarding and deplaning during one flight only. Ozone was present at elevated levels in bleed air compared to cabin air, and was higher in the cabin during cruise than during boarding or deplaning for all four flights. Ozone cabin air/bleed air concentration ratios ranged from 0.37 to 0.80, and on one flight the cabin ozone concentration exceeded the National Ambient Air Quality Standard (NAAQS) of 0.12 ppm for over one hour, and nearly exceeded the FAA standard of 0.1 ppm for a three-hour average. Ethanol and acetone were the dominant VOCs observed on all flights; other VOCs, such as toluene, tetrachloroethene, and 1,4-dichlorobenzene were found, but at significantly lower concentrations. The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons naphthalene, acenaphthene, and phenanthrene were found in the cabin air on all flights. Other SVOCs, such as the pesticide permethrin, were detected, but isomers of tricresyl phosphate were not. Concentrations reported here are compared to applicable regulatory standards and to similar measurements performed during previous cabin air quality studies.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAirplanes$xAir conditioning.
=650  \0$aAir quality.
=650  \0$aAir Pollution, Indoor$xadverse effects.
=650  \0$aAir Pollution, Indoor$xprevention & control.
=650  \0$aAircraft$xstandards.
=650  \0$aPassenger exposure.
=650  \0$aAircraft cabin.
=650  \0$aIndoor air quality.
=650  14$aIndoor air quality.
=650  24$aVOC.
=650  24$aSVOC.
=650  24$aOzone.
=650  24$aAircraft cabin.
=650  24$aPassenger exposure.
=700  1\$aSpicer, Chester W.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBuehler, Stephanie S.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101639.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101640
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101640$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101640$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRC1085
=082  04$a155.9/65$223
=100  1\$aMurawski, Judith T. L.,$eauthor.
=245  13$aAn Attempt to Characterize the Frequency, Health Impact, and Operational Costs of Oil in the Cabin and Flight Deck Supply Air on U.S. Commercial Aircraft /$cJudith T. L. Murawski, David S. Supplee.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b59
=520  3\$aIndustry, government, and labor representatives have all acknowledged that air supply systems on commercial aircraft sometimes get contaminated with pyrolyzed engine oil or hydraulic fluid, but efforts to define “sometimes” have been lacking. Despite the lack of attention it has received, the answer to this “how often” question is important because it will influence the willingness of industry, as well as regulators and legislators, to develop and implement control measures to prevent such air supply contamination. To address this data gap, an industrial hygienist collected reports of air supply contamination over an 18-month period (January 2006 through June 2007) from the following sources, all per defined inclusion criteria: (1) Service Difficulty Reports (SDR) and Accident and Incident Data System (AIDS) reports that airlines submitted to the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA); (2) incidents that flight attendants documented with one of 20 airlines and copied to one crewmember labor union; and (3) newspaper clips identified in online searches. A qualified airline mechanic reviewed each SDR and AIDS report with an oil or hydraulic fluid-related mechanical defect that did not explicitly mention oil or hydraulic fluid in combination with a specific word that indicated air supply contamination (i.e., “fume,” “haze,” “mist,” “odor,” “smell,” or “smoke”) to determine its eligibility. The resulting dataset of 470 air supply contamination events reported in the U.S. commercial fleet over an 18-month period translates into an average of 0.86 events per day and includes 350 incidents reported by airlines to the FAA, 115 reported flight attendants to their airline, and 37 incidents reported by at least one newspaper. There was limited overlap between sources. The data are discussed in detail along with commentary on whether and how the data are representative, the health and operational costs associated with air supply contamination, and some preventive measures.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAviation psychology.
=650  \0$aAircraft industry$xEmployees$xHealth and hygiene.
=650  \0$aStress management.
=650  \0$aHydraulic fluid.
=650  \0$aEngine oil.
=650  \0$aAviation.
=650  \0$aAircraft.
=650  14$aAviation.
=650  24$aAircraft.
=650  24$aAir supply contamination.
=650  24$aEngine oil.
=650  24$aHydraulic fluid.
=700  1\$aSupplee, David S.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101640.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101643
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101643$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101643$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTL1530
=082  04$a629.477$223
=100  1\$aMyers, Jeffrey D.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDesign and Results of a Study to Measure Environmental Factors in Airliner Cabins and to Assess the Health and Comfort of Passengers and Crew Using Surveys /$cJeffrey D. Myers, Chester W. Spicer, Bradley P. Goodwin.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b5
=520  3\$aThe design and results of a study to relate human comfort and health to the airliner cabin environment are described. Rationale for studying the airliner cabin environment, the scope of the study, the experimental design, and flight selection are presented. This study was unique in including both in-flight passenger and crew surveys and a variety of measurements of the physical and chemical environment in the cabins of airliners in revenue service. It was found that, even with a very small sample, various physical parameters were statistically related to reported human comfort as measured by the survey instrument. For example, higher levels of carbon dioxide in the cabin during cruising were associated with lower ratings of the overall air quality in the cabin, less satisfaction with the odor in the cabin, and less satisfaction with the freshness of the air in the cabin. This paper focuses on the process for developing the study design and results from the survey. Companion papers discuss the results of the cabin chemical and physical environmental measurements.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSpace cabin atmospheres$xHealth aspects.
=650  \0$aSpace stations$xContamination$xHealth aspects.
=650  \0$aIndoor air pollution.
=650  \0$aAviation toxicology.
=650  \0$aAircraft survey.
=650  \0$aOn-board survey.
=650  14$aAircraft survey.
=650  24$aAir cabin measurements.
=650  24$aOn-board survey.
=650  24$aAirline cabin environment.
=650  24$aAirline passenger health and comfort.
=700  1\$aSpicer, Chester W.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGoodwin, Bradley P.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101643.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101644
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101644$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101644$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA440
=082  04$a624.1/834$223
=100  1\$aWang, Her-Yung,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffect of Autoclave Curing on the Compressive Strength and Elastic Modulus of Lightweight Aggregate Concrete /$cHer-Yung Wang, Jing-Jie Shie.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b18
=520  3\$aIn this study, three types of concrete specimens of different proportions were prepared and mixed at water-to-binder ratios (w/b) of 0.28, 0.32, and 0.40. The specimens were normal-weight concrete (NWC), lightweight sand concrete (LWSC), and lightweight aggregate concrete (LWAC). The specimens then underwent standard curing and autoclaving for 3, 7, 28, and 56 days. Comparisons were made among the specimens in terms of compressive strength and elastic modulus. Experimental results show that after standard curing, the compressive strength of NWC, LWSC, and LWAC at w/b=0.28 were 62.7 MPa (100 %), 54.7 MPa (87 %), and 39.4 MPa (63 %), respectively, indicating that greater particle density aggregates led to better compressive strength. After 56 days of autoclaving, NWC showed the highest compressive strength, followed by LWSC and LWAC. The compressive strength and elastic modulus at Day 28 and Day 56 of autoclaving were close to those at Day 91 and Day 120 of standard curing, respectively; this trend was observed in both NWC and LWSC. The moduli of elasticity for NWC, LWSC, and LWAC at different curing ages were 20.35–33.20, 17.98–24.02, and 10.58–12.95 GPa, respectively, which decreased with increasing lightweight aggregate content in the concrete.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aConcrete curing.
=650  \0$aDensity.
=650  \0$aTensile strength.
=650  \0$aPermeability.
=650  \0$aLightweight aggregate.
=650  \0$aAutoclave curing.
=650  \0$aCompressive strength.
=650  \0$aModulus of elasticity.
=650  14$aLightweight aggregate.
=650  24$aAutoclave curing.
=650  24$aCompressive strength.
=650  24$aModulus of elasticity.
=700  1\$aShie, Jing-Jie,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101644.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101647
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101647$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101647$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTL680
=082  04$a629.13822$223
=100  1\$aMurphy, Michael J.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMeasurement of Physical Environmental Parameters and Apparent Ventilation Rates Aboard Passenger Aircraft /$cMichael J. Murphy.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aAs part of the ASHRAE RP-1262 Phase 1 study of the airliner cabin environment, measurements were made of physical environmental parameters aboard four passenger aircraft in revenue service. The objectives of these measurements were to measure physical environmental parameters and ventilation rates on board commercial airliners in revenue service and to correlate those measurements with self-reported health effects and complaints. The measurements included temperature, relative humidity, total pressure, air velocity, sound level, light level, and motion. These measurements were recorded each second throughout the flight. In addition, measurements of carbon dioxide levels in the cabin were made that, along with passenger loadings and assumed metabolic rates, allowed the calculation of an apparent air change rate. Because as another part of the study, passengers filled-out written surveys on their comfort and health experience, this study provides unique simultaneous measurement of both physical environmental parameters in an aircraft cabin and the human response. Results of these measurements are presented as temporal graphs for the duration of the flight and are compared to various benchmarks. Among the results, air change rates ranged from 10 to 16 air changes per hour, noise levels varied from 68 to 80 dBA, according to the location in the cabin. Relative humidity values declined from 30 to 35 % during the boarding process to as low as 7 to 8 % during the cruise portion of the flights. The temperature variation was greatest during the boarding process and was generally near 25°C, during the cruise portion of the flights. Over all four flights, the cabin pressure varied from 562 to 740 torr. There was a wide variation in light levels: from over 8000 lux if sunlight was present, to about 250 lux if the window shades were in use.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAirplanes$xEquipment and supplies.
=650  \0$aAirplanes$xHeating and ventilation.
=650  \0$aSoundproofing.
=650  \0$aCarbon dioxide.
=650  \0$aPressure.
=650  \0$aTemperature.
=650  \0$aLight level.
=650  \0$aVentilation.
=650  \0$aAirliner.
=650  \0$aPassenger.
=650  \0$aAircraft.
=650  \0$aAir velocity.
=650  \0$aHumidity.
=650  \0$aRelative humidity.
=650  14$aAircraft.
=650  24$aAirliner.
=650  24$aPassenger.
=650  24$aTemperature.
=650  24$aRelative humidity.
=650  24$aPressure.
=650  24$aAir velocity.
=650  24$aSound.
=650  24$aHumidity.
=650  24$aLight level.
=650  24$aCarbon dioxide.
=650  24$aVentilation.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101647.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101648
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101648$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101648$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA1001.5
=082  04$a625.1$223
=100  1\$aCarboni, M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAnalysis of Crack Growth at R=−1 Under Variable Amplitude Loading on a Steel for Railway Axles /$cM. Carboni, S. Beretta, M. Madia.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b34
=520  3\$aRailway axles are designed for infinite life, but occasional failures have been and are observed in service. The failures, which are usually due to fatigue crack propagation, are typically positioned at the press fits which correspond to the wheels, gears, brakes, or they appear at the axle body close to the notches and transitions. The way to addressing this problem is to adopt the concept of “damage tolerance” in order to determine the inspection intervals of the axle depending on the NDT method. The issue open to discussion is the choice of the correct algorithm for simulating crack growth at R=−1 at variable amplitude loading especially when considering mild steels such as A1N. The aim of the present research is to discuss the application of state-of-the-art algorithms to estimate the effect of block loading at R=−1 (derived from real load spectra experienced by the axle) upon constant crack growth rate. More specifically the current research addresses: (i) crack growth experiments at R=−1 under constant amplitude loading on two novel types of small-scale specimens; (ii) crack growth experiments under block loading on small-scale specimens; and (iii) the prediction of the experimental evidences by well-known and wide-spread analytical tools.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aRailroad cars$xWheels.
=650  \0$aRailroad rails $xDefects.
=650  \0$aRolling contact.
=650  \0$arutting.
=650  \0$aDamage tolerance.
=650  \0$aCrack growth.
=650  \0$aRailway axles.
=650  14$aRailway axles.
=650  24$aA1N steel.
=650  24$aDamage tolerance.
=650  24$aCrack growth.
=650  24$aVariable amplitude loading.
=700  1\$aBeretta, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMadia, M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101648.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101650
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101650$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101650$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA440
=082  04$a624.1834$223
=100  1\$aLiu, Juanyu,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMechanical Properties of High Strength Concrete with Field-Demolished Concrete as Aggregates /$cJuanyu Liu, Bing Chen.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b31
=520  3\$aEnvironmental and economic factors are increasingly encouraging higher value utilization of demolition debris. While the use of recycled concrete aggregate (RCA) is confined mainly to low-grade application, it would be more beneficial if high strength concrete (HSC) can be produced with demolished concrete for new concrete construction. Hence, an experimental study was undertaken to explore the feasibility and potential of using field-demolished concrete as full replacement of natural aggregates to produce HSC, as reported in this paper. The workability of fresh concrete and mechanical properties of hardened concrete made with RCAs were investigated. The preliminary results indicated that HSC with up to 80 MPa of 28-day compressive strength made with field-demolished concrete as coarse aggregate and natural sand as fine aggregate can be obtained with the facilitation of a modified mixing method and the addition of silica fume. By providing a general basis for evaluating demolished concrete as aggregates for HSC, the investigation reported herein should contribute significantly to the understanding of recycled aggregate concrete as a viable option in the HSC construction industry.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aConcrete$xMechanical properties.
=650  \0$aAggregates (Building materials)
=650  \0$aStrength of materials.
=650  \0$aHigh strength concrete.
=650  \0$aDemolished concrete.
=650  14$aRecycled concrete aggregate (RCA)
=650  24$aHigh strength concrete (HSC)
=650  24$aDemolished concrete.
=650  24$aRecycled aggregate concrete (RAC)
=700  1\$aChen, Bing,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101650.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101651
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101651$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101651$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTL1530
=082  04$a629.477$223
=100  1\$aSimons, Ries,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFainting Passengers :$bThe Role of Cabin Environment /$cRies Simons, Hans de Ree.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b20
=520  3\$aReported percentages of in-flight medical incidents caused by syncope, the medical term for fainting, vary between 15 % and 22 %. Syncope is usually a benign medical event, but it may cause fear and distress among passengers and the individual involved. Incorrectly diagnosed benign syncope may lead to unnecessary flight diversions. In this context, the incidence of in-flight syncope and possible relationships with cabin environmental and passenger factors were studied. In September 2005, questionnaires were handed out to the senior purser on all KLM long haul flights. Pursers were asked to record all cases of in-flight syncope and to answer questions concerning cabin climate. Literature data were analyzed concerning in-flight and passenger factors that may cause or elicit syncope. With a response rate of 79 %, 1625 forms were analyzed. The in-flight syncope risk was 3–9 per 1000 passenger flight hours, depending on type of aircraft. The frequency of syncopal events was weakly correlated with cabin climate conditions. Literature analysis provides evidence that hypoxia is a sufficient cause for syncope in a sub-set of healthy airline passengers. There is evidence that cabin pressure and temperature may contribute to the occurrence of syncope. The syncope risk appears to be higher aboard an aircraft than on the ground. Hypoxia is a sufficient cause for syncope in a sub-set of healthy airline passengers. Airline passengers may become considerably hypoxic due to reduced pulmonary ventilation caused by immobility, drowsiness, and gastro-intestinal distension. In-flight hypoxia may reach levels sufficient to cause syncope. High cabin temperature may further trigger this reaction.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSpace cabin atmospheres.
=650  \0$aSpace vehicles$xContamination.
=650  \0$aSpace vehicles$xEnvironmental aspects.
=650  \0$aIndoor air pollution.
=650  \0$aAir Pollutants.
=650  \0$aEnvironment, Controlled.
=650  \0$aCabin pressure.
=650  \0$aCabin temperature.
=650  \0$aIn-flight syncope.
=650  \0$aPassenger health.
=650  14$aIn-flight syncope.
=650  24$aCabin pressure.
=650  24$aCabin temperature.
=650  24$aPassenger health.
=700  1\$ade Ree, Hans,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101651.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101652
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101652$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101652$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRA1270.S6
=082  04$a541.3482$223
=100  1\$aStern, Alan J.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMorpholine Amide Solvent :$bA New Inert /$cAlan J. Stern, David C. Ferguson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (5 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b6
=520  3\$aA new solvent for agricultural formulation use is described. The solvent, an amide derived from a short chain fatty acid and morpholine, has many desirable physical and chemical properties. In addition to the physical and chemical properties, this paper will present the theoretical Hansen solubility parameters, and present data on solubility of selected agricultural chemicals in the solvent. Briefly, TSCA and FIFRA regulatory requirements for the solvent are covered.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMorpholine$xAspect de l'environnement.
=650  \0$aMorpholine$xToxicologie.
=650  \0$aMorpholine$xSécurité$xMesures.
=650  \0$aMorpholine$xEffets physiologiques.
=650  \0$aPesticide.
=650  \0$aTeas diagram.
=650  \0$aEmulsification.
=650  \0$aHansen parameters.
=650  \0$aPhytotoxicity.
=650  \0$aSolubility.
=650  \0$aToxicology.
=650  14$aMorpholine amide solvent.
=650  24$aPesticide.
=650  24$aSolubility.
=650  24$aHansen parameters.
=650  24$aTeas diagram.
=650  24$aToxicology.
=650  24$aTSCA.
=650  24$aFIFRA.
=650  24$aEmulsification.
=650  24$aPhytotoxicity.
=700  1\$aFerguson, David C.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101652.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101658
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101658$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101658$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK5102.9
=082  04$a621.382/2$223
=100  1\$aWang, Shiliang,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Contemporary Definition of Complex Relative Permittivity /$cShiliang Wang.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (5 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b4
=520  3\$aASTM D150 [Standard Test Methods for AC Loss Characteristic and Permittivity (Dielectric Constant) of Solid Electrical Insulation, 2004] is the standard for measurement of alternating current (AC). Aimed at an analysis of this standard and proceeding from the information transmission characteristic of the dielectric, the definition of ac complex relative permittivity εr′(=Iac′/I0=Qac′/Q0=Cac′/C0=ε′/ε0) is put forward anew. Faraday’s “relative permittivity” is a result of this definition under the specific condition (ω=0)
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aTransmission numérique.
=650  \0$aFiltres numériques (Mathématiques)
=650  \0$aComplex capacitance.
=650  \0$aComplex permittivity.
=650  14$aInformation transmission.
=650  24$aAc.
=650  24$aAc (equivalent)
=650  24$aComplex permittivity.
=650  24$aComplex capacitance.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101658.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101661
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101661$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101661$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA402.5
=082  04$a620.11$223
=100  1\$aLanger, Kristina,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFatigue Response of Aluminum Aircraft Structure under Engineered Residual Stress Processing /$cKristina Langer, Scott VanHoogen, Jeffery Hoover.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b3
=520  3\$aAdvanced surface treatment methods for imparting beneficial residual compressive stresses into fatigue-prone metallic components such as laser shock processing (LSP) and low plasticity burnishing (LPB) have proven highly effective in prolonging the life of titanium turbine engine blades. The objective of the current effort was to experimentally evaluate whether similar life enhancement benefits are possible for metallic aircraft structures. Under this initiative, aluminum test specimens were processed using three engineered residual stress techniques, referred to as LSP 1, LSP 2, and LPB, and subsequently fatigue tested under uniaxial, constant amplitude loading conditions. Evaluation of the test results indicated that both the LSP and LPB processes, if carefully designed and applied, have the potential to increase the fatigue life of aircraft structural components.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aRivets and riveting, Aircraft.
=650  \0$aTitanium$xFatigue.
=650  \0$aAluminum$xFatigue.
=650  \0$aAircraft structures.
=650  \0$aResidual stress.
=650  14$aResidual stress.
=650  24$aLaser shock processing.
=650  24$aLow plasticity burnishing.
=650  24$aAircraft structures.
=700  1\$aVanHoogen, Scott,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHoover, Jeffery,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101661.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101662
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101662$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101662$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA1637
=082  04$a621.36/7$223
=100  1\$aManahan, M. P.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPercent Shear Area Determination in Charpy Impact Testing /$cM. P. Manahan, C. N. McCowan, M. P. Manahan.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aThe Charpy test is used throughout the world in a wide range of industries because of its low cost and the fact that notching and dynamic loading produces a crack tip stress field that is conservative for many applications. As a result of its widespread use, there is a compelling motivation to extract as much data as possible from the Charpy test. In a Charpy impact test, three key measurements are typically made: total absorbed energy, lateral expansion, and percent shear fracture area. At present, the measurements of absorbed energy and lateral expansion are quantitative and well defined, but the methods used by most laboratories in the measurement of percent shear are qualitative at best. This is ironic for a 100–year-old test because, as discussed in this paper, it can be reasonably argued that percent shear is the most fundamental and physically meaningful of the three Charpy parameters for brittle fracture characterization. Digital image analysis for shear fracture area is shown to have low uncertainty and be both repeatable and easy to use on a routine basis. Recommendations for changes to the ASTM E23 standard are provided.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aImage processing$xDigital techniques.
=650  \0$aImage analysis$xData processing.
=650  \0$aImage Processing, Computer-Assisted$xmethods.
=650  \0$aBrittle fracture.
=650  \0$aDuctile fracture.
=650  \0$aCharpy impact testing.
=650  \0$aPercent shear.
=650  14$aBrittle fracture.
=650  24$aCharpy impact testing.
=650  24$aDigital image analysis.
=650  24$aDuctile-brittle transition temperature (DBTT)
=650  24$aDuctile fracture.
=650  24$aFracture appearance transition temperature (FATT)
=650  24$aPercent shear.
=650  24$aShear fracture area (SFA)
=700  1\$aMcCowan, C. N.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aManahan, M. P.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101662.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101672
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101672$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101672$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP684.P3
=082  04$a664/.36$223
=100  1\$aSasaki, Akira,$eauthor.
=245  10$aContaminants in Used Oils and Their Behavior /$cAkira Sasaki.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b25
=520  3\$aEither particle count or gravimetric analysis is commonly used for assessing oil cleanliness. These analytical methods are useful and practical. However, the former provides the particle number of defined size groups and the latter the gross weight of the contaminants in a certain volume of oil, but they cannot inform us of the characteristics of contamination. To solve hydraulic and lubrication problems due to oil contamination, it is imperative to know the characteristics of contamination. Solvent extraction methods have been used to separate contaminants from used oils. Solvent extraction analysis showed that the majority of contaminants in used oils were polymerized oil oxidation products, which were not soluble in oil. Recently, problems of varnish formation in gas turbines has been of great interest. Varnish is the polymerized oil oxidation product. Such polymerized oil oxidation products have polarity, although base mineral oils are non-polar. Polar and non-polar materials are basically incompatible with each other. Polar materials behave independently in oils. The molecular weight of oil oxidation products was determined by GPC, and it was found that they were good for lubrication when they were soluble in oil but harmful when they became insoluble. However, contaminants must be considered on the level of molecular size in order to solve hydraulic and lubrication problems. This paper discusses the behavior of oil oxidation products in oils.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aLiquid carbon dioxide.
=650  \0$aOil palm$xBy-products$xAnalysis.
=650  \0$aOil palm$xOxidation.
=650  \0$aOils and fats$xAnalysis.
=650  \0$aOils and fats, Edible$xAnalysis.
=650  \0$aParticle count.
=650  \0$aPolarity.
=650  14$aParticle count.
=650  24$aOil cleanliness standards.
=650  24$aPolymerized oil oxidation products.
=650  24$aPolarity.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101672.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101680
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101680$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101680$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN752.Q4
=082  04$a672.36$223
=100  1\$aStratton, Paul,$eauthor.
=245  10$aGas-Jet Quenching /$cPaul Stratton.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aIt has been suggested that gas quenching of a single component or single layers of components that have been heated in vacuum or conventional atmosphere furnaces can achieve higher quenching rates than those possible with conventional multi-component gas quenching. Such treatments could meet the need for a clean, non-toxic quenching medium that leaves no residues to be removed after processing. The processing of single components gives the operator complete control of quenching intensity, both locally and overall. Moreover, the quenching rate may be changed during the quenching cycle. Extensive computational fluid dynamics modeling of cooling using nitrogen jets has shown that an array of high velocity gas jets close to the surface of a part can cool it at a speed similar to oil. The optimum conditions were: an approximately uniform nozzle field with the jets four to eight times their own diameter apart, at a distance from the part to be quenched of a quarter of the diameter of the jets; and a jet velocity of 100 m/s (224 mph). When these optimized conditions were applied to an idealized gear form, the model suggested that it would be fully hardened if a nitrogen/hydrogen mixture was used.Calculation indicated that in this type of nozzle field, the part would float between the arrays of jets, eliminating the need to fix it. The model was validated using a physical test rig and was found to give results very close to reality, so it could be used to predict cooling behavior. The test rig was also used to quench carburized gear blanks. The hardness profiles produced by quenching in different gas mixtures were compared to those from oil quenched samples, the results confirming the original modeling.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMetals$xQuenching.
=650  \0$aAlloys$xQuenching.
=650  \0$aMetals$xHeat treatment.
=650  \0$aMetals$xHardenability.
=650  \0$aGas quenching.
=650  \0$aModeling.
=650  \0$aNitrogen.
=650  \0$aValidation.
=650  14$aModeling.
=650  24$aValidation.
=650  24$aGas quenching.
=650  24$aNitrogen.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101680.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101681
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101681$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101681$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aNA961
=082  04$a721.044210941$223
=100  1\$aBektas, F.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aUse of Ground Clay Brick as a Pozzolanic Material in Concrete /$cF. Bektas, K. Wang, H. Ceylan.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b24
=520  3\$aThis study investigates the suitability of using ground clay brick (GCB) as a pozzolanic material in concrete. Crushed clay brick originating from demolished masonry was ground in the laboratory and used as a cement replacement in paste and concrete. Hydration characteristics of paste mixtures were investigated for a better understanding in concrete application. The effect of ground brick replacement for cement on concrete’s mechanical properties and chloride ion penetration resistance, as a measure of durability, were also studied. Two replacement levels, 15 % and 25 %, were compared with the control (0 % GCB). The study on the cementitious pastes showed that the ground brick slightly increased the water demand for normal consistency, delayed the time of setting, reduced the temperature rise during hydration, and decreased the calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH)2) content. The tests on concrete showed that the mechanical properties (i.e., compressive, flexural and splitting tensile strengths, and modulus of elasticity) of concrete containing ground brick were comparable to those of the concrete without GCB. Furthermore, the GCB increased the resistance of concrete to chloride ion penetration. The study undertaken proved that, when it is finely ground, clay brick obtained from demolished masonry can be recycled as a pozzolanic cementitious material in concrete.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBuilding, Clay$xGreat Britain$xHistory.
=650  \0$aBuilding, Brick.
=650  \0$aBuilding, Clay.
=650  \0$aVernacular architecture.
=650  \0$aConcrete.
=650  \0$aRecycling.
=650  \0$aClay brick.
=650  \0$aPozzolan.
=650  14$aClay brick.
=650  24$aConcrete.
=650  24$aPozzolan.
=650  24$aRecycling.
=700  1\$aWang, K.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aCeylan, H.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101681.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101691
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101691$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101691$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP692.5
=082  04$a665.54$223
=100  1\$aKishore Nadkarni, R. A.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEngine Oil Volatility :$bNoack Evaporation Methods /$cR. A. Kishore Nadkarni.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (5 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aThe Noack evaporation loss is an important test for base oils and lubricating oils used in internal combustion engines. The alternate test methods used for this determination are described and evaluated regarding their applicability in the field.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aOil storage tanks.
=650  \0$aPetroleum$xStorage.
=650  \0$aEngine oils.
=650  \0$aEvaporation loss.
=650  \0$aLubricating oils.
=650  \0$aNoack volatility.
=650  14$aNoack volatility.
=650  24$aEvaporation loss.
=650  24$aLubricating oils.
=650  24$aEngine oils.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101691.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101695
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101695$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101695$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTJ1058
=082  04$a621.406$223
=100  1\$aShlyannikov, V. N.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCarrying Capacity Prediction of Steam Turbine Rotors with Operation Damage /$cV. N. Shlyannikov, B. V. Ilchenko, R. R. Yarullin.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aThis study is concerned with assessing the integrity of cracked steam turbine rotor which operates under creep conditions. Damage accumulation and growth for turbine rotor took place on the inner surface of hole in a shaft. In this case the crack front was nearly half-elliptical shape. The model based on the critical distance concept is presented for expressing crack growth rate in terms of creep damage accumulation in a process zone ahead of the crack tip. An engineering approach to the prediction of residual lifetime of a turbine rotor which is sensitive to the loading history at maintenance is proposed. Full-size stress-strain state analysis of turbine rotor is represented for different stages of lifetime under considering loading conditions. As a result accumulated creep strain in critical zones of turbine rotor depending on time of loading is defined. The creep fracture mechanics parameters that are found numerically are used to characterize the local strain rate and stress fields at any instant around the crack tip in a turbine rotor subjected extensive creep conditions. The meaning of the critical creep ductility appropriate to the stress state at the crack tip is defined as the difference between permissible and accumulated creep strains at different times of loading. Approximate estimations of carrying capacity are presented for the different stress-strain state of a steam turbine rotor at the operation. It is found that the individual mean lifetime of a turbine rotor can be predicted with reasonable accuracy from knowledge of the stress-strain distributives and the material uniaxial creep ductility and creep rupture strength.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aElectric machinery$xRotors$xDesign and construction.
=650  \0$aRotors$xDesign and construction.
=650  \0$aSteam-turbine disks$xDesign and construction.
=650  \0$aSteel forgings.
=650  \0$aCrack-tip field.
=650  \0$aFracture process zone.
=650  \0$aLife time.
=650  \0$aCrack growth.
=650  \0$aTurbine rotor.
=650  14$aPlastic and creep strain.
=650  24$aCrack-tip field.
=650  24$aFracture process zone.
=650  24$aCrack growth.
=650  24$aTurbine rotor.
=650  24$aLife time.
=700  1\$aIlchenko, B. V.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aYarullin, R. R.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101695.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101701
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101701$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101701$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTL521
=082  04$a629.1$223
=100  1\$aGhrib, Taher,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCorrelation between Thermal and Mechanical Properties of the 10NiCr11 /$cTaher Ghrib, Mahmoud Bouhafs, Noureddine Yacoubi.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aIn this work we have studied the effect of the carburizing duration on the evolution of the thermal and mechanical properties of the 10NiCr11 steel. The thermal properties are determined by the photothermal deflection technique and it was shown that the thermal conductivity as well as the thermal diffusivity decrease with the carbon fraction in the steel unlike the Vickers hardness which increases. From this study we have established an empiric mathematical formula between Vickers hardness, the thermal properties, and the carburizing duration which permit to deduce the Vickers hardness value without needing to measure it.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aNucleate boiling.
=650  \0$aHeating$xEquipment and supplies$xMaterials$xSurfaces$xCooling.
=650  \0$aNickel-chromium alloys$xThermal properties.
=650  \0$aCarburizing.
=650  \0$aVickers hardness.
=650  \0$aThermal conductivity.
=650  \0$aThermal diffusivity.
=650  14$aThermal conductivity.
=650  24$aVickers hardness.
=650  24$aThermal diffusivity.
=650  24$aCarburizing.
=650  24$aPhotothermal deflection technique.
=700  1\$aBouhafs, Mahmoud,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aYacoubi, Noureddine,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101701.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101708
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101708$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101708$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTE251.5
=082  04$a625.8$223
=100  1\$aSahoo, Gadadhar,$eauthor.
=245  10$aComparison of Thermal Expansion Behavior of Phosphoric Irons with Conventional Concrete Reinforcement Steel /$cGadadhar Sahoo, R. Balasubramaniam, M. N. Mungole.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b18
=520  3\$aPhase transformations using dilatometry and microstructures in two phosphoric irons (Fe-0.11P-0.028C, Fe-0.49P-0.022C) and a low carbon steel (Fe-0.148C-0.542Mn–0.128Si), all in weight percent, were studied. The linear thermal expansion coefficients of phosphoric irons was comparable to that of carbon steel. The phase transformation temperatures were not well defined in the case of phosphoric irons. While low-phosphorus steel exhibited single-phase microstructure, high-phosphorus steel exhibited dual-phase ferritic microstructure consisting of prior ferrite and prior austenite. The low carbon steel revealed a ferrite-pearlite microstructure at the center of the cross section and tempered martensite at the rim.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aConcrete construction$xJoints.
=650  \0$aExpansion (Heat)
=650  \0$aMechanical properties of pavements expressed numerically.
=650  \0$aThermal expansion.
=650  \0$aPavement design.
=650  \0$aMicrostructure.
=650  \0$aPhase transformation.
=650  \0$aPhosphoric irons.
=650  \0$aDilatometry.
=650  14$aDilatometry.
=650  24$aPhosphoric irons.
=650  24$aLinear thermal expansion coefficient.
=650  24$aPhase transformation.
=650  24$aMicrostructure.
=700  1\$aBalasubramaniam, R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMungole, M. N.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101708.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101709
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101709$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101709$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA480.A6
=082  04$a620.1/86$223
=100  1\$aEzuber, Hosni M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aRole of Thiosulfate on Chloride Breakdown Potential of Heat Treated Ni-18Cr-6Fe Alloys /$cHosni M. Ezuber.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b31
=520  3\$aThe breakdown potentials of mill-annealed Ni-18Cr-6Fe alloys were measured in wide range of chloride concentrations (0.001–1 M NaCl) and various concentrations of thiosulfate ranging from 0–0.25 M (Na2S2O3) at 80°C using the potentiodynamic technique. These potentials were compared with heat treated alloys for one or five hours at 900°C (and quenched). This work aimed to study the effect of sensitization on the pitting characteristics of this alloy in chloride-thiosulfate solutions. The anodic polarization curves revealed that sensitized alloys became more susceptible to chloride and thiosulfate pitting attack, or both. Addition of thiosulfate was potentially detrimental to chloride pitting resistance and the aggressiveness of thiosulfate species was found dependent on the ratio of chloride to thiosulfate concentration as the overall ionic strength is varied. A thiosulfate to chloride ratio of 1:40 (S2O2–3 / Cl–=0.025) was found be the most aggressive, regardless of ionic strength or heat treatment duration.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAluminum alloys.
=650  \0$aMetals$xHeat treatment.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101709.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101713
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101713$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101713$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA1677
=082  04$a621.3662$223
=100  1\$aHill, Michael R.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEvaluation of Residual Stress Corrections to Fracture Toughness Values /$cMichael R. Hill, John E. VanDalen.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b20
=520  3\$aThis paper describes tests carried out to evaluate whether comparable values of fracture toughness may be determined from coupons that contain a range of residual stress. Coupons for fracture toughness testing are taken from a single rolled plate of 7075-T6 aluminum alloy and are fabricated using identical methods. Following fabrication, residual stresses are induced in coupon subsets using laser shock peening. Each coupon subset has a unique laser peening treatment design, such that following fatigue precracking, the stress intensity factor due to residual stress varies over the coupon subsets created from positive to neutral to negative. Subsequent fracture toughness tests show expected trends in the varying toughness values for each coupon subset. Measurements of residual stress on the crack plane, and measurements of the residual stress intensity factor, enable correction of the toughness data through superposition and linear elastic fracture mechanics. The resulting corrected fracture toughness values provide data useful for evaluating residual stress corrections with potential for application to standard fracture test methods. Such corrections would enable measurements of intrinsic fracture toughness in samples that contain significant levels of residual stress.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aLaser peening.
=650  \0$aMetallurgy$xLaser use in.
=650  \0$aFace-centered cubic metals.
=650  \0$aMetals$xFatigue$xPrevention.
=650  \0$aR-curve.
=650  \0$aLaser shock peening.
=650  \0$aAluminum.
=650  \0$aFracture toughness.
=650  \0$aResidual stress.
=650  14$aFracture toughness.
=650  24$aR-curve.
=650  24$aResidual stress.
=650  24$aAluminum.
=650  24$aLaser shock peening.
=700  1\$aVanDalen, John E.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101713.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101717
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101717$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101717$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aE78.C15
=082  04$a970.00497$223
=100  1\$aVan Houten, Curtis M.,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Human Factors Evaluation of Stethoscopes /$cCurtis M. Van Houten, Joni M. Van Houten, Neal S. Latman.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aBackground: The need to hear sounds of the human body is important in health care. The stethoscope was designed to improve practitioner’s method of “immediate auscultation.” The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare 16 human factor characteristics of two electrically amplified and one standard acoustic stethoscope. Methods: Each subject examined the three stethoscopes by listening to heart sounds of the investigator. After examination, each of the 77 subjects evaluated the stethoscopes by completing a questionnaire according to the following categories: sound, comfort, ease of use, and instruction manuals. Subjects ranged in age from 18 to 67 years, with 51 % of the subjects having prior experience with stethoscopes. Results: Both electronically amplified stethoscopes were found to have a significant difference in regard to preference compared with the non-electronically amplified standard stethoscope on all characteristics. No significant differences were found between the two electronically amplified stethoscopes, with the exception of turning the stethoscopes on and off. The average mean ratings of the two electronically amplified stethoscopes were not significantly different. Conclusion: It is clear that electronic amplification was preferred over acoustically amplified sound in this study. As the complexity increases with electronic amplification, the importance of ease-of-use design becomes more important.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aStethoscopes.
=650  \0$aAcoustic.
=650  \0$aElectronic.
=650  \0$aStethoscope.
=650  \0$aAuscultation.
=650  \0$aComparison.
=650  \0$aHuman factors.
=650  14$aElectronic.
=650  24$aStethoscope.
=650  24$aComparison.
=650  24$aAcoustic.
=650  24$aHuman factors.
=650  24$aAuscultation.
=700  1\$aVan Houten, Joni M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLatman, Neal S.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101717.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101721
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101721$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101721$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA455.A7
=082  04$a620.1/96$223
=100  1\$aWolf, Andreas T.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffects of Water Immersion on Building and Civil Engineering Joints and the Use of the Arrhenius Method in Predicting Adhesion Lifetime of Water-Immersed Joints /$cAndreas T. Wolf.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (17 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b91
=520  3\$aMoisture in the form of humidity, condensation, rain, or water immersion is the most commonly encountered element of the service environment and must be considered a critical factor in determining the long-term reliability of sealed or bonded joints. Moreover, the effects of moisture are exacerbated by elevated temperature. For many polymeric systems, warm, moist environments can considerably weaken the bulk or interfacial performance properties of the jointing materials formulated with these polymers. The majority of joint failures in service environments that comprise water exposure occur by degradation of the interface(s) between sealant or adhesive, primer, and substrate. Therefore, predicting the interfacial degradation in an actual service environment is of utmost importance. This paper provides information on the current understanding of the role of water in the failures of adhesive and sealant joints and discusses the usefulness of the Arrhenius’ relation in predicting the lifetime of sealed or bonded joints based on data generated at elevated temperatures. Finally, the paper suggests some guidelines aimed at improving the reliability of accelerated test and prediction procedures used in the evaluation of the durability performance of sealed or adhered joints in immersed environments.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAsphalt$xTesting.
=650  \0$aAggregates (Building materials)$xTesting.
=650  \0$aHeat of wetting.
=650  \0$aAdhesion.
=650  \0$aBonded.
=650  \0$aSealed.
=650  \0$aLifetime.
=650  \0$aService life.
=650  \0$aWater immersion.
=650  \0$aArrhenius.
=650  \0$aDurability.
=650  14$aDurability.
=650  24$aLifetime.
=650  24$aService life.
=650  24$aWater immersion.
=650  24$aJoint.
=650  24$aSealed.
=650  24$aBonded.
=650  24$aArrhenius.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101721.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101728
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101728$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101728$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA465
=082  04$a620.1/76$223
=100  1\$aTanigawa, Hiroyasu,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffect of Ta Rich Inclusions and Microstructure Change During Precracking on Bimodal Fracture of Reduced-Activation Ferritic/Martensitic Steels Observed in Transition Range /$cHiroyasu Tanigawa, Mikhail A. Sokolov, Atsushi Sawahata, Naoyuki Hashimoto, Masami Ando, Kiyoyuki Shiba, Masato Enomoto, Ronald L. Klueh.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aThe master curve method for analyzing fracture toughness data depends on the assumption that the fracture initiation points are homogeneously distributed and fracture initiation is independent of test temperature. The reduced-activation ferritic/martensitic steels, such as F82H (Fe-8Cr-2W-0.2V-0.04Ta), form Al2O3-Ta(V,Ti)O composite inclusions and its distribution is not homogeneous throughout one heat, and this microstructural inhomogeneity appears to be correlated with bimodal facture of F82H in the transition range. To investigate this possibility, 1TCT fracture toughness specimens of F82H-IEA steel were fatigue precracked and sliced through the specimen thickness for microstructure analysis around the crack. It was found that the crack penetration was straight in the beginning, and then tended to follow a prior austenite grain boundary and finally to branch into two or three different directions. In addition, the microstructures around the crack and ahead of the crack formed a cell structure and became softer than nearby regions, which is typical for fatigue-loaded F82H. Possible mechanisms for how this cell structure ahead of cracks affects fracture toughness are suggested.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSteel$xFracture.
=650  \0$aSteel$xHeat treatment.
=650  \0$aBimodal fracture.
=650  \0$aPrecracking.
=650  \0$aTa rich inclusion.
=650  14$aTa rich inclusion.
=650  24$aPrecracking.
=650  24$aRAFM.
=650  24$aBimodal fracture.
=700  1\$aSokolov, Mikhail A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSawahata, Atsushi,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHashimoto, Naoyuki,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAndo, Masami,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aShiba, Kiyoyuki,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aEnomoto, Masato,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKlueh, Ronald L.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101728.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101730
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101730$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101730$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD75.4.S24
=082  04$a543/.19$223
=100  1\$aAnzelmo, John A.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Role of XRF, Inter-Element Corrections, and Sample Preparation Effects in the 100-Year Evolution of ASTM Standard Test Method C114 /$cJohn A. Anzelmo.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aThe interconnection between, and evolution of, manufacturing trends, raw materials, XRF Instrumentation, XRF software capabilities, XRF Standard Reference Materials, and ASTM Standard Test Method for Chemical Analysis of Hydraulic Cement (C114), Rapid Method Qualification, is followed to show why certain XRF specimen preparation methods and inter-element correction methods were adequate at one time, but may not be adequate any longer, depending on many different variables unique to each plant location and business model. All of the above variables have changed over time, and the reasons why they have changed, and where they are going is explained. The theoretical basis for methods used during certain time frames is explained, and illustrated by example. From the trends observed in the variables previously listed, a conclusion about the direction of the modern cement laboratory in the near future is proposed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSample preparation (Chemistry)
=650  \0$aMass spectrometry.
=650  \0$aChemistry.
=650  \0$aFusion.
=650  14$aXRF.
=650  24$aFusion.
=650  24$aXRF sample preparation.
=650  24$aASTM Standard Test Method C114.
=650  24$aXRF inter-element corrections.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101730.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101735
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101735$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101735$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA681
=082  04$a624.1/834$223
=100  1\$aAssaad, Joseph J.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aRelationships Between Key ASTM Test Methods Determined on Concrete and Concrete-Equivalent-Mortar Mixtures /$cJoseph J. Assaad, Jacques Harb, Elie Chakar.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b10
=520  3\$aConcrete batching requires considerable amounts of materials, energy, and time for testing. This highlights the importance of using alternative easier approaches based on mortars to simplify and speed up the experimental testing programs. This paper seeks to establish relationships between responses of ASTM Test Methods conducted on concrete and concrete-equivalent-mortar (CEM). Different series of mixtures having various cement contents of 300, 350, 400, and 450 kg/m3 and water-to-cement ratios of 0.4, 0.45, 0.5, 0.55, and 0.6 were tested. Test results showed that the CEM approach can adequately predict the slump, slump variations, water reduction, air content, setting time, and compressive strength of concrete with coefficients of correlation (R2) greater than 0.86. Conversely, moderate relationships were obtained when correlating the flexural strength and length change responses of concrete to those determined on CEM. This was mainly attributed to variations in the specimen dimensions and effect of the interfacial transition zone resulting from the presence of coarse aggregates.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aConcrete construction$xMaintenance and repair.
=650  \0$aWaterproofing.
=650  \0$aConcrete coatings.
=650  \0$aConcrete.
=650  14$aASTM Test Method.
=650  24$aConcrete.
=650  24$aConcrete-equivalent-mortar.
=700  1\$aHarb, Jacques,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aChakar, Elie,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101735.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101739
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101739$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101739$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA445
=082  04$a620.1366$223
=100  1\$aBernard, E. S.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Effect of Radial Crack Locations on Load Resistance in C1550 Panel Tests /$cE. S. Bernard, G. G. Xu.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aASTM C1550 has been used for post-crack performance assessment of fiber reinforced concrete (FRC) and shotcrete (FRS) for several years and has proven to be an excellent tool for quality control testing due to the very low level of within-batch performance variability typically obtained using this test method. Experience in the field indicates that the positions of the three radial cracks generated in a test vary between specimens and concerns have been raised by users of this test that specimen performance may change as a result of this variation in crack location. The significance of this aspect of specimen behavior has been investigated to determine the characteristic range of crack rotations experienced in C1550 specimens as a result of variations in crack location and the magnitude of their corresponding influence on post-crack load resistance.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aReinforced concrete$xCracking.
=650  \0$aReinforced concrete$xFracture.
=650  \0$aReinforced concrete.
=650  \0$aTesting.
=650  \0$aUncertainty.
=650  \0$aVariability.
=650  14$aFiber reinforced concrete.
=650  24$aPost-crack performance.
=650  24$aTesting.
=650  24$aVariability.
=650  24$aUncertainty.
=700  1\$aXu, G. G.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101739.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101748
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101748$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101748$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA347.F5
=082  04$a620/.0042/0151825$223
=100  1\$aLi, Huiping,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFinite Element Method Numerical Simulation of the Carburizing Process /$cHuiping Li, Guoqun Zhao, Lianfang He.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aMathematical models of computing carbon content are given in this paper. To improve the computation accuracy of carbon content, lumped parameters and mesh refinement are used in the simulation process. Finite element method (FEM) software for simulating carbon content is developed using four-node quadrilateral isoparametric elements. For a circular gear and the cylinder, FEM simulation results of carburization are contrasted with those of the experiments and the comparisons show that the simulation results are consistent with the experimental results. The carburization depth, the relationship between carburization depth and carburizing time, and the influence of the geometrical shape of the part with respect to the carbon content were studied using FEM software.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMechanical Engineering.
=650  \0$aSimulation and Modeling.
=650  \0$aFinite element method.
=650  \0$aCarburization.
=650  \0$aSimulation.
=650  \0$aCarbon content.
=650  14$aCarburization.
=650  24$aFinite element method.
=650  24$aSimulation.
=650  24$aCarbon content.
=700  1\$aZhao, Guoqun,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHe, Lianfang,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101748.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101750
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101750$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101750$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQP82.2.H4
=082  04$a612/.014462$223
=100  1\$aXu, Xiaojiang,$eauthor.
=245  10$aComparison of Parallel and Serial Methods for Determining Clothing Insulation /$cXiaojiang Xu, Thomas Endrusick, Julio Gonzalez, William Santee, Reed Hoyt.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b10
=520  3\$aThis paper examines the fundamental differences between the parallel and serial methods for the calculation of clothing insulation using a thermal manikin and demonstrates the differences in the insulation values calculated using these two methods. The parallel method is based on the condition that manikin surface temperatures remain uniform (UST), while the serial method is based on the condition that manikin heat fluxes remain uniform (UHF). Eleven clothing ensembles were evaluated on manikins in UST mode. Three of them were also evaluated on manikins in UHF mode. Insulation values were then calculated using both the serial and parallel methods. Results from UST mode showed that the parallel insulation values ranged from 1.24 to 5.79 clo, while the serial insulation values ranged from 1.43 to 7.98 clo. Differences in the parallel and serial insulations increased as the insulation increased, and the serial insulations were approximately 14–38 % higher than the parallel insulations. Results from UHF mode showed that the parallel insulations were 1.30 clo to 5.89 clo and close to the serial insulations of 1.34 clo to 5.99 clo. In conclusion, the methods of insulation calculation should be determined by the operating mode of the manikin. Only the parallel method should be used when manikins are operated in UST mode and only the serial method should be used when manikins are operated in UHF mode. Insulation values calculated using the incorrect method will be misleading.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBioengineering.
=650  \0$aHeat$xPhysiological effect.
=650  \0$aHuman beings$xEffect of climate on.
=650  \0$aInsulation (Heat)
=650  \0$aProtective clothing.
=650  \0$aClothing.
=650  \0$aInsulation.
=650  \0$aThermal manikin.
=650  \0$aHeat transfer.
=650  \0$aBiophysics.
=650  14$aThermal manikin.
=650  24$aInsulation.
=650  24$aClothing.
=650  24$aBiophysics.
=650  24$aHeat transfer.
=700  1\$aEndrusick, Thomas,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGonzalez, Julio,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSantee, William,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHoyt, Reed,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101750.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101757
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
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=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101757$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101757$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA472
=082  04$a620.17/6$223
=100  1\$aKobasko, Nikolai I.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEnergy Efficient and Eco-friendly Intensively Quenched Limited Hardenability Low Alloy Steels /$cNikolai I. Kobasko.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b29
=520  3\$aLow and limited hardenability (LH) steels are plain carbon steels characterized by a low content of alloying elements (Cr, Ni, Mo, W, V, etc.). The use of LH steels with an intensive quenching method allows full elimination of the carburization process for a variety of steel parts, such as, gear and bearing products, tools, low-wear parts for different applications. This is based on the steel super strengthening phenomenon and creation of high residual compressive stresses at the surface of intensively quenched steel parts. Both of these factors allow replacing expensive alloy steels with plain carbon steels. The unique characteristic of limited hardenability steels is that these alloys only harden to a shallow depth when heated and quenched. The main idea of this paper involves the creation of the optimal depth of a hardened shell which provides optimal stress distribution in quenched steel parts. Since the LH steel core does not harden significantly, a relatively high ductility of the core is maintained. The grain sizes of LH steels are greater than ASTM 8. Several patents on LH steels have been issued in Europe. A number of technical papers utilizing LH steels for gears and bearing products have been published in the UkrainePapers published by and available from Intensive Technologies Ltd, Kyiv, Ukraine: http://www.itl.kiev.ua and Russia. Elimination of carburizing saves energy and prevents the emissions of thousands of tons of CO2 gases. Furthermore, the high level of compressive surface residual stresses and the steel super strengthening phenomenon eliminates the need for secondary shot peening or surface induction operations. Also, carburized alloy steels can be successfully replaced by LH steels to increase service life and decrease materials cost.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSteels$xFatigue$xTesting.
=650  \0$aMetals$xHardenability.
=650  \0$aSurface hardening.
=650  \0$aShot peening.
=650  \0$aIntensive quenching.
=650  \0$aSuper strengthening.
=650  14$aIntensive quenching.
=650  24$aSuper strengthening.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101757.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101760
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101760$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101760$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQP105.4
=082  04$a612.1/181$223
=100  1\$aKrukovskyi, P.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aGeneralized Equation for Cooling Time Evaluation and Its Verification by CFD Analysis /$cP. Krukovskyi, N. Kobasko, D. Yurchenko.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aIn this paper, a generalized analytical equation for cooling time evaluation is analyzed and compared with existing exact solutions and verified by computation fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation. The process of quenching of semiaxles and cylindrical forgings in water flow is also considered. Two approaches are analyzed. The traditional approach focuses on quenching, which is based on Newton’s boundary condition between the solid surface and fluid. The second approach solves a conjugate heat transfer problem based on a full set of Navier–Stokes equations. CFD technology does not require knowledge of the heat transfer coefficients at the surface of steel parts. Both approaches and results of calculations were compared and the results showed that a generalized correlation can be used for cooling time calculation both for simple and complicated configurations. Calculation results coincide with each other, which indicates that the generalized equation is a suitable method for calculations and development of intensive quenching technologies. As an example, the processes for quenching semiaxle and cylindrical forgings are considered. CFD analysis successfully detected small stagnant zones at the surface of the steel. Such zones could be related to quench crack formation. These results can be used for designing and development of intensive quenching processes.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHemodynamic Processes.
=650  \0$aArteries$xphysiology.
=650  \0$aComputer Simulation.
=650  \0$aHemodynamics$xComputer simulation.
=650  \0$aStagnant area.
=650  \0$aIntensive quenching.
=650  \0$aComparison.
=650  \0$aGeneralized equation.
=650  14$aCFD simulation.
=650  24$aGeneralized equation.
=650  24$aComparison.
=650  24$aStagnant area.
=650  24$aIntensive quenching.
=700  1\$aKobasko, N.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aYurchenko, D.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101760.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101765
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101765$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101765$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aT1A18Ser.Ch.no.181
=082  04$a669.142$223
=100  1\$aLi, L.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aApplication of thermodynamics and kinetics in the designing of new type TRIP steels concerning Al and P effects /$cL. Li, S. G. Huang, L. Wang, Y. L. He, J. Vleugels, O. Van der Biest.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b19
=520  3\$aThe influence of C and Al content on phase transformation temperatures is investigated by dilatometric analysis. With the new set of experimental data, an updated thermodynamic description of the Fe-Al-C system is presented, using the thermodynamic data of the limiting binaries and the parameters for the Fe-Al-C ternary system optimized by some of the present authors. A well reproduced vertical section of the Fe-Mn-Si-Al-C system is also presented according to the thermodynamic description of the lower order systems. For the development of P containing transformation induced plasticity steel, the possibility of phosphorous segregating at grain boundary is discussed by thermodynamics as well as kinetics. Lower critical temperature is estimated for the steel to obtain the starting temperature of fast cooling. To understand the minimum rate of fast cooling, pearlite growth kinetics is calculated with self-developed diffusion coefficients of elements at the grain boundary. Over-aging temperature is tentatively determined through the calculation of T0 temperature by both equilibrium and para-equilibrium assumptions.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSteel $xMetallurgy.
=650  \0$aPhase diagram.
=650  \0$aKinetics.
=650  \0$aThermal analysis.
=650  \0$aThermodynamics.
=650  14$aTRIP steel.
=650  24$aPhase diagram.
=650  24$aThermal analysis.
=650  24$aThermodynamics.
=650  24$aKinetics.
=700  1\$aHuang, S. G.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWang, L.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHe, Y. L.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aVleugels, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aVan der Biest, O.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101765.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101766
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101766$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101766$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC174.12
=082  04$a530.12$223
=100  1\$aŞimşir, Caner,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Review on Modeling and Simulation of Quenching /$cCaner Şimşir, C. Hakan Gür.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (29 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b245
=520  3\$aModeling and simulation of quenching are powerful tools in the design, optimization, and understanding of the quenching process since they provide quantitative results such as the evolution of microstructure and the internal stresses, which are practically impossible to acquire experimentally. The research on simulation of quenching and related phenomena originates from the early 70s and is still an active field owing to its industrial and scientific output. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive review of those studies and to present the state of the art with a discussion of limitations and drawbacks of contemporary models with an emphasis on the complementary steps that have to be taken in collaboration with the industry.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aQuantum theory.
=650  \0$aSimulated annealing (Mathematics)
=650  \0$aPhysique.
=650  \0$aQuantenphasenübergang.
=650  \0$aMicrostructure.
=650  \0$aQuenching.
=650  \0$aDistortion.
=650  \0$aSimulation.
=650  \0$aResidual stress.
=650  \0$aHeat treatment.
=650  14$aQuenching.
=650  24$aHeat treatment.
=650  24$aSimulation.
=650  24$aResidual stress.
=650  24$aMicrostructure.
=650  24$aDistortion.
=700  1\$aGür, C. Hakan,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101766.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101769
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101769$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101769$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA478
=082  04$a620.1/7/23$223
=100  1\$aCroucher, Tom,$eauthor.
=245  10$aUsing Polyalkylene Glycol Quenchants to Effectively Control Distortion and Residual Stresses in Heat Treated Aluminum Alloys /$cTom Croucher.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b17
=520  3\$aPolyalkylene glycol quenchants (also commonly called “glycol” quenchants throughout the industry) were introduced into the aluminum heat treating industry in the mid 1960s and immediately became the most important tool for reducing quenching distortion in sheet metal alloys. Later, the feasibility and benefit of glycol quenching thicker products, such as castings and forgings (which were normally quenched in hot or boiling water), was proven. Specifications were changed to permit glycol quenching of forgings and castings. However, because of a lack of understanding of the technology, the original benefits achieved in sheet metal distortion control and optimum distortion and residual stress control of thicker products has diminished. Currently, there is a significant lack of understanding regarding glycol quenching and, as a result, the full benefit of this technology is not currently being utilized. Distortion of sheet metal products and precision forgings has increased, resulting in increased check and straightening costs and higher residual stresses being imparted to parts. The realization of the benefits of glycols being able to reduce residual stress and ultimately machining costs is waning due to the reluctance of many engineers to recognize and understand the benefits of expanding the limits of the technology to achieve results not heretofore achievable. It is the purpose of this paper to review the basic concepts regarding glycol quenching of high strength aluminum alloys and to present recommendations for optimum control of distortion and residual stresses using the products. Specific illustrations showing that the proper use of glycol quenchants can provide the producer significant savings by (1) reducing quenching distortion and (2) minimizing residual stresses (which significantly improve machining practices and reduce the generation of scrap) are provided.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAluminum alloys$xStress corrosion.
=650  \0$aSteel alloys$xStress corrosion.
=650  \0$aTitanium alloys$xStress corrosion.
=650  \0$aWarpage.
=650  \0$aHeat treating.
=650  \0$aQuenching.
=650  \0$aPolyalkylene glycol.
=650  \0$aAluminum.
=650  \0$aDistortion.
=650  \0$aResidual stress.
=650  14$aGlycol.
=650  24$aHeat treating.
=650  24$aAluminum.
=650  24$aDistortion.
=650  24$aWarpage.
=650  24$aResidual stress.
=650  24$aQuenching.
=650  24$aPolyalkylene glycol.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101769.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101770
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101770$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101770$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN775
=082  04$a669.722$223
=100  1\$aCroucher, Tom,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMinimizing Machining Distortion in Aluminum Alloys through Successful Application of Uphill Quenching—A Process Overview /$cTom Croucher.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aRecently, emphasis has been placed on achieving maximum dimensional stability in a wide range of critical aluminum components such as large complex aerospace machined parts, space mirrors, optical stages, lens mounts, and computer disks. In these cases, absolute stability is required before putting a part into service. In many cases, successful operation of a complete system hinges on the stability of a single part such as a space mirror in a satellite or a component of a laser guided missile. Proper application of the uphill quenching process has enabled the successful production of parts to provide minimum stresses resulting in the optimum component at the lowest cost. Basic principles for achieving dimensional stability and considerations for proper application of unique tools such as polyalkylene glycol polymer (glycol) quenching and uphill quenching to achieve maximum dimensional stability are discussed. Properly applied, and combined with an understanding of all factors contributing to part instability, these tools can be used as effective elements in a systems approach, which when effectively employed by experienced technicians, will achieve results not obtainable by other means. In addition, examples are provided illustrating successful use of the process to produce low stress parts.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAluminum alloys$xHeat treatment.
=650  \0$aPrecipitation hardening.
=650  \0$aAluminum alloys$xQuenching.
=650  \0$aCryogenic.
=650  \0$aStress relief.
=650  \0$aGlycol quenching.
=650  \0$aUphill quenching.
=650  \0$aWater quenching.
=650  \0$aAluminum.
=650  \0$aLiquid nitrogen.
=650  \0$aResidual stress.
=650  \0$aHeat treatment.
=650  14$aUphill quenching.
=650  24$aGlycol quenching.
=650  24$aWater quenching.
=650  24$aStress relief.
=650  24$aAluminum.
=650  24$aResidual stress.
=650  24$aHeat treatment.
=650  24$aLiquid nitrogen.
=650  24$aCryogenic.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101770.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101773
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101773$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101773$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC174.12
=082  04$a530.12$223
=100  1\$aChen, Nailu,$eauthor.
=245  10$aTechnology and Applications of Alternately Timed Quenching Technology /$cNailu Chen, Xunwei Zuo, Shu Zhou, Jun Xu.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (5 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b6
=520  3\$aSome steels fail to meet mechanical property requirements after oil quenching with subsequent tempering. If water is used in an attempt to facilitate better property formation, quenching cracks may then be encountered. To address these situations a methodology referred to as Alternately Timed Quenching (AT-Quenching) has been developed and is described in this paper. Computer simulation using water and air as the quenching media was used to develop AT-Quenching methodology. Based on the simulation results, the processing parameters of AT-Quenching were determined and then applied using a computer-controlled quenching tank. The results obtained from this study showed that the use of AT-Quenching could increase the depth of hardening without cracking.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aQuantum theory.
=650  \0$aSimulated annealing (Mathematics)
=650  \0$aPhysique.
=650  \0$aCracking.
=650  \0$aQuenching.
=650  \0$aComputer simulation.
=650  \0$aMechanical properties.
=650  14$aQuenching.
=650  24$aDigitally timed quenching.
=650  24$aComputer simulation.
=650  24$aMechanical properties.
=650  24$aCracking.
=700  1\$aZuo, Xunwei,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aZhou, Shu,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aXu, Jun,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101773.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101775
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
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=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101775$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101775$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN752.Q4
=082  04$a672.3/6$223
=100  1\$aLuo, Xinmin,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffects of Cooling Rate Fluctuation on Cooling and Transformation Behavior of Steel upon Direct Quenching /$cXinmin Luo, Jiankang Li.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aTTT-diagrams and CCT-diagrams, which are derived from isothermal Newtonian cooling conditions, have been traditionally used for developing and examining heat treating processes. However, actual cooling and transformation behavior of a steel part upon direct quenching is controlled by a number of factors. When examining actual quenching practice, it is important to correlate cooling performance of the quenchant and the cooling and transformational behavior of steel, especially if there is a variation of cooling rate during the quenching process. This behavior is very difficult to detect by a cooling curve method only. Theoretically, dynamic measurement may be used to detect any transient, even a very small variance in thermoelectric potential. Thus, measurement of thermoelectric potential may provide more detail and insight into the quenching process than a simple temperature-time response as reflected by conventional cooling curve analysis. Therefore, to detect dynamic cooling and steel transformation behavior upon direct quenching, an experiment was conducted using plain carbon steel rods of ⊘5–8 mm diameter with a thermocouple located at the geometric center of the bar. Cooling rate variation upon direct quenching was characteristically demonstrated by dynamic cooling curves. The smaller the diameter of the rods, the more drastic the quench severity and the more sensitive the cooling curve. By comparison to an appropriate temperature-time-transformation (TTT)-diagram or continuous cooling transformation (CCT)-diagram, the cooling process and the transformation behavior of steel upon direct quenching was analyzed with respect to the cooling rate fluctuation obtained in this experiment. The presence of lamellar pearlite of 0.70 % carbon steel wire substantiated the effects of cooling methods and quenchant on the cooling and transformation behavior of the steel wire upon direct quenching. Dynamic measurements revealed new and helpful details related to the direct quenching process.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSteel$xQuenching.
=650  \0$aSteel$xDefects.
=650  \0$aCooling curve.
=650  \0$aDirect quenching.
=650  \0$aSteel.
=650  \0$aCCT-diagram.
=650  \0$aQuenchants.
=650  \0$aHeat treatment.
=650  14$aSteel.
=650  24$aHeat treatment.
=650  24$aDirect quenching.
=650  24$aQuenchants.
=650  24$aCooling curve.
=650  24$aDynamic characteristics.
=650  24$aTTT-diagram.
=650  24$aCCT-diagram.
=700  1\$aLi, Jiankang,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101775.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101776
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101776$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101776$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN752.C3
=082  04$a672.3/6$223
=100  1\$aDeyneko, L. N.,$eauthor.
=245  13$aAn Overview of Technology and Equipment for Hardening of Large Steel Parts /$cL. N. Deyneko, N. I. Kobasko, V. V. Dobryvechir, E. I. Litvinenko.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b34
=520  3\$aIn the paper, multi-step accelerated-interrupted (AI) quenching is illustrated by its application to fittings for oil and gas pipelines with a diameter up to 1420 mm (1.42 m) and wall thickness from 16 to 80 mm. The multi-step AI quenching is used to improve the mechanical properties of steel parts on the basis of regularities of full film boiling. The developed technology is ecofriendly since it uses water instead of oil as a quenchant. The industrial conditions are described for an automated quench system where the quenchant was water at 60–90°C, which was circulated at different velocities. Favorable temperature differences along the thickness of the wall of parts to be quenched can be achieved by applying multi-step quenching. Software and hardware have been developed to govern the process.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCase hardening.
=650  \0$aSteel$xHeat treatment.
=650  \0$aSteel$xMetallography.
=650  \0$aNew method.
=650  \0$aIQLab software.
=650  \0$aFittings.
=650  \0$aPipelines.
=650  \0$aHeat treatment.
=650  14$aMulti-step accelerated-interrupted (AI) quenching.
=650  24$aPipelines.
=650  24$aFittings.
=650  24$aHeat treatment.
=650  24$aNew method.
=650  24$aIQLab software.
=650  24$aSimplified calculation.
=700  1\$aKobasko, N. I.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDobryvechir, V. V.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLitvinenko, E. I.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101776.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101777
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101777$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101777$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTS227.2
=082  04$a671.52$223
=100  1\$aGorni, Antonio Augusto,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAccelerated Cooling of Steel Plates :$bThe Time Has Come /$cAntonio Augusto Gorni, José Herbert Dolabela da Silveira.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aThe accelerated cooling of steel plates is an already standard process that increases the competitiveness of this product and their users, as it allows the adoption of a leaner alloy design and the development of new mechanical property combinations with improved weldability. The maximum cooling rate achievable under industrial conditions depends on plate thickness, from 80°C/s (10 mm) to about 1°C/s (80 mm), in order to assure minimum temperature gradients along plate thickness and greater uniformity of mechanical properties. The main process variants of this process apply cooling over different temperature ranges: interrupted accelerated cooling, between 800 and 500°C, and direct quenching, between 900 and 200°C. In the first case it is aimed at a microstructural grain refining effect; in the latter one a fully martensitic microstructure is desired. The advantages promoted by these new process routes are already benefiting the main fields of application of heavy steel plates, like shipbuilding, civil construction, linepipes, penstocks, and so on. This paper is a brief status report about this technology and its future developments.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aWelding.
=650  \0$aMetals$xCooling$vAtlases.
=650  \0$aCooling curves.
=650  \0$aSteel$xHeat treatment$xCharts, diagrams, etc.
=650  \0$aMetals$xCooling.
=650  \0$aAccelerated cooling.
=650  \0$aPlate rolling.
=650  \0$aMicroalloyed steels.
=650  14$aPlate rolling.
=650  24$aAccelerated cooling.
=650  24$aThermomechanical controlled processing.
=650  24$aMicroalloyed steels.
=700  1\$aDolabela da Silveira, José Herbert,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101777.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101778
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101778$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101778$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA714.5
=082  04$a551.31$223
=100  1\$aStuart, M. J.,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Synthesis of the World Literature of Ice Hockey Injuries :$bEpidemiologic Principles and Future Directions /$cM. J. Stuart, K. A. Dajani, B. J. Crawford, M. L. Gill, A. A. Link, A. M. Smith.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (45 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b17
=520  3\$aIce hockey is a fast-paced, aggressive sport whose participants are subject to relatively high rates of injury. Although there is a growing emphasis on the epidemiology of ice hockey research and its application towards reducing injuries, the literature has never been organized into an accessible database. Ice hockey is played in North America, Europe, Scandinavia, the U.K., and several other non-English speaking countries, yet injury reports not written in English are often ignored in review articles. The purpose of this project was to synthesize the existing world literature on ice hockey injuries into a framework of epidemiologic criteria, accessible in an organized, retrievable library. An extensive search of the following databases was done: MEDLINE, BIOSIS, EMBASE, NTIS, CURRENT CONTENTS, DISSERTATION ABSTRACTS, SPORT DISCUS, CINAHL, and WEB OF SCIENCE. Key words used were “ice hockey” and “injuries,” and the search range was 1966 to July 2007. Endnote X (Thompson Corp., Stamford, CT) was used for reference compilation. Eight hundred sixty seven documents were catalogued, from 27 countries in 8 languages. Documents were first categorized by type, including injury (226), equipment (45), case reports (94), review articles (294), editorials (39), or as focusing on the physiological, psychological, or medical aspects of ice hockey (169). Documents were then subdivided by study type and whether they were prospective (117) or retrospective (109). Further subdivisions beyond these levels were based on the inclusion of certain critical epidemiological criteria, including exposure time, a clear definition of “injury,” and the level of play, among others. This comprehensive database should make future ice hockey research more efficient, as well as promote sound epidemiology and a more global perspective.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aIce crystals.
=650  \0$aIce$xCreep.
=650  \0$aIce$xFracture.
=650  \0$aBruch.
=650  \0$aDeformation.
=650  \0$aDatabase.
=650  \0$aSynthesis.
=650  \0$aEpidemiology.
=650  \0$aIce hockey injury.
=650  14$aIce hockey injury.
=650  24$aDatabase.
=650  24$aSynthesis.
=650  24$aWorld.
=650  24$aEpidemiology.
=700  1\$aDajani, K. A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aCrawford, B. J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGill, M. L.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLink, A. A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSmith, A. M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101778.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101779
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101779$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101779$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA465
=082  04$a620.1/76$223
=100  1\$aGerosa, R.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aOptimization of the Heat Treatment of a 17-4 PH Stainless Steel by Dilatometric Technique /$cR. Gerosa, B. Rivolta, A. Sala.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aThe precipitation-hardening steels are generally required when high mechanical performances at high temperatures are requested both statically and dynamically. The requested combination of mechanical strength and toughness is achieved by means of an age-hardening treatment which can be carried out at different temperatures and times. Aging 17-4 PH (precipitation-hardening) in the temperature range of 480–620°C results in a precipitation hardening due to the formation of a submicroscopic, copper-rich phase. In the technical literature, the investigation of the phase transformation and the age-hardening behavior of the steel has been carried out at different stages of aging by different techniques, such as transmission electron microscopy studies and x-ray diffraction of the precipitates together with optical and scanning electron microscope analysis of the microstructure. In this paper an alternative method based on dilatometric experiments is proposed to study the kinetics of the age hardening of the steel. The experiments have been carried out at different temperatures on quenched samples and the transformation of the structure during aging has been continuously followed up to 8 h. For a better investigation of the data obtained from the dilatometric analysis, mechanical tests, notch impact tests, and microstructural analysis have been carried out at different and selected parameters of the aging.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSteel$xFracture.
=650  \0$aSteel$xHeat treatment.
=700  1\$aRivolta, B.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSala, A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101779.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101780
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101780$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101780$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA472
=082  04$a620.17/6$223
=100  1\$aMachado, Izabel Fernanda,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEnhanced Hardenability through Application of Magnetic Fields /$cIzabel Fernanda Machado.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b15
=520  3\$aEven with the great improvements in new materials, the substitution of steels in most applications is not yet economically justifiable. Steels are the most important alloys utilized as structural materials and will certainly continue to be so in the next decades. The effects of the conventional heat treatments in changing the mechanical properties of steels are well known by now. However, the effects of magnetic fields on phase transformations have recently been considered and new perspectives of study and of applications are now being opened for steels. Magnetic fields lower the Gibbs free energy, and the transformation temperature of steels increases for an applied magnetic field. As a result, different properties and microstructures could be achieved after heat treatments due to magnetic field effect. The main objective of this work is to show a process to enhance the hardenability of steels through modifications in heat treatment. The chemical composition of the material studied is similar to AISI 52100 steel. The procedure consists of applying a magnetic field in the sample throughout or in different steps of the heat treatment. All the samples were heat treated at the same temperature and cooled at the same cooling rate. The results of the magnetic field applied in steel samples were compared to conventional heat treatments. A significant improvement in microhardness of the samples was measured after applying a magnetic field. A considerable rise in the hardenability and a modification in the Fe-C equilibrium diagram were also verified, as shown in the literature.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSteels$xFatigue$xTesting.
=650  \0$aMetals$xHardenability.
=650  \0$aSurface hardening.
=650  \0$aMagnetic field.
=650  \0$aQuenching.
=650  \0$aSteels.
=650  \0$aHeat treatment.
=650  \0$aHardenability.
=650  14$aHeat treatment.
=650  24$aSteels.
=650  24$aQuenching.
=650  24$aHardenability.
=650  24$aMagnetic field.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101780.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101781
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101781$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101781$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN752.Q4
=082  04$a672.36$223
=100  1\$aLuebben, Thomas,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFormulation of a Guideline for the Determination of Heat Transfer Coefficient during Gas Quenching /$cThomas Luebben, Michael Lohrmann, Soeren Segerberg, Peter Sommer.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b33
=520  3\$aDuring the past years high pressure gas quenching was a very actual subject at different conferences. There were a lot of lectures which used heat transfer coefficient as the most important parameter for the characterization of a gas quenching system. This statement is surely correct, but only fully utilizable—for example, for the comparison of measurements from different authors—when a well defined measurement method was used. Up to 2002 this was not realized. To solve this problem on a national basis the German Research Committee for Quenching has delt with this subject in the period from 1998 to 2002. In a first step the possibly influencing parameters were identified. In a second step most of the parameters were predefined. In a few cases there was no information about the magnitude of the possible influence available (example: evaluation procedure). To answer these remaining questions a round-robin test was carried out. The participants were the companies Ipsen International and Dr. Sommer Werkstofftechnik, Germany, and the institutes IVF Sweden and IWT Bremen, Germany. The results of this work were published in 2002 in the German heat treatment journal HTM including a recommendation for the measurement of heat transfer coefficient at gas quenching (in German language). This paper is a translation of this work and shall help to solve the above-mentioned problem on an international level.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMetals$xQuenching.
=650  \0$aAlloys$xQuenching.
=650  \0$aMetals$xHeat treatment.
=650  \0$aMetals$xHardenability.
=650  14$aHigh pressure gas quenching.
=650  24$aHeat transfer coefficient.
=650  24$aDetermination guideline.
=700  1\$aLohrmann, Michael,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSegerberg, Soeren,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSommer, Peter,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101781.htm

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=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101782$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101782$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC174.12
=082  04$a530.12$223
=100  1\$aSchmidt, Ralf-R.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aQuenching Homogeneity and Intensity Improvement in Batch Mode High Pressure Gas Quenching /$cRalf-R. Schmidt, Udo Fritsching.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b30
=520  3\$aModern high pressure gas quenching processes are favorable for certain cases compared to conventional liquid media quenching, because of their advantages like, e.g., pure convective heat transfer and a lower impact of the process on the environment. But, typical gas quenching facilities may exhibit inhomogeneous flow conditions through the quench load and the parts, resulting in a scattering of the quenching result. The upstream gas flow profile of the load has been identified as one key factor that determines the local flow conditions and the heat transfer distribution from the specimen. This incoming gas velocity distribution results from the interaction between upstream placed entities, as global flow guidance, baffles, and heat exchangers. The global intensity of the quenching process is determined on one side by the pressure drop that results from the flow resistance of the quench load inside the chamber and the total volumetric flow rate in the system. On the other side, a significant part of the gas flow goes in the gap between the load and the chamber walls and does not contribute to the quenching process of the load. The first part of the investigation addresses the modeling and simulation of the flow structure inside a commercial high pressure gas quenching chamber. A multi-scale simulation model on different detailed levels is performed leading to fast convergence of the simulation. For validation of the simulation, the second part describes an experimental analysis of the gas flow inside a model quenching chamber. Here, gas velocity measurements and flow visualizations are performed. Finally, a quenching run with cylindrical parts in a double-chamber vacuum furnace is described in order to confirm the model results. Different upstream velocity profiles to the load are adjusted to demonstrate their influence on the quenching result.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aQuantum theory.
=650  \0$aSimulated annealing (Mathematics)
=650  \0$aPhysique.
=650  \0$aQuenching.
=650  \0$aGas quenching.
=650  \0$aNumerical simulation.
=650  14$aGas quenching.
=650  24$aFlow homogenization guidelines.
=650  24$aPressure drop correlation.
=650  24$aNumerical simulation.
=650  24$aExperimental flow investigation.
=700  1\$aFritsching, Udo,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101782.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101783
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101783$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101783$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQA278.2
=082  04$a519.5/36$223
=100  1\$aFilippova, V. P.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aConsidering the Body-Centered Cubic Lattice Parameter of α-Fe Alloys versus Concentrations of Solved Elements /$cV. P. Filippova.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b7
=520  3\$aThe present work considers possibilities of mathematics for separating roles of certain solved elements in influencing the body-centered cubic (BCC) lattice period of α-Fe alloys. The used approach is based on the Vegard’s law describing a lattice parameter of a solid solution as a linear function of its components concentrations. Binary and ternary α-Fe alloys involving low concentrations of alloying elements and impurities were prepared without expensive and extensive metallurgical methods of purification. Based on equilibrium phase diagrams of binary systems, conditions of quenching from a single-phase field were chosen for each alloy to provide maximum solubility of its components. The lattice period of the alloys was investigated by standard X-ray analysis and then approximated by linear function of several variables. As a result, there were obtained linear coefficients characterizing the influence of P, S, Si, Sn, Al, Ni, Cr, Mo, B on the period of the BCC lattice of α-Fe.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSolid solution.
=650  \0$aFerrous.
=650  \0$aRegression analysis.
=650  14$aFerrous.
=650  24$aCrystal lattice parameters.
=650  24$aSolid solution.
=650  24$aX-ray diffraction method.
=650  24$aRegression analysis.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101783.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101784
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101784$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101784$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD506
=082  04$a541/.33$223
=100  1\$aPrabhu, K. Narayan,$eauthor.
=245  10$aHeat Transfer During Quenching and Assessment of Quench Severity—A Review /$cK. Narayan Prabhu, Peter Fernandes.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (17 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b59
=520  3\$aIn the heat treatment of steel, quenching is done to prevent ferrite or pearlite formation and allows formation of bainite and martensite. For a particular grade of steel, the effectiveness of quenching depends on the cooling characteristics of the quenching medium. The cooling rate is not a constant throughout the quenching process; instead it varies depending upon the various stages that occur during the quenching process. Knowledge of heat transfer during various stages of quenching and kinetics of wetting of the quench medium is fundamental to the understanding of the relationship between material, quench medium, microstructure, and properties. In this paper the characteristics of various quench media, the effect of process parameters on quenching, mechanisms of thermal transport, methods of assessing severity of quenching, and techniques of estimation of heat transfer coefficients are reviewed. An attempt is also made to highlight the importance of wetting kinetics of liquid media on quenching.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAdhesion.
=650  \0$aContact angle.
=650  \0$aSurface chemistry.
=650  \0$aWetting.
=650  \0$aQuench severity.
=650  14$aHeat transfer coefficient.
=650  24$aQuench severity.
=650  24$aWetting.
=700  1\$aFernandes, Peter,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101784.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101785
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101785$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101785$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA417.6
=082  04$a620.1/123$223
=100  1\$aPozdnyakov, V. A.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSimulating Residual Stresses in Ribbons of Amorphous Metallic Alloys /$cV. A. Pozdnyakov, O. V. Borisov, V. P. Filippova.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aA new method of simulation of residual stresses in ribbons of amorphous metallic alloys is proposed. The model considers the total deformation remaining in an amorphous metallic alloy during the quenching from liquid state to be the sum of elastic (residual ductile-elastic) and thermal deformations. The latter is related to the temperature through the linear coefficient of thermal expansion of the material. It is assumed that incompatibility of the residual deformations is the cause of residual macro-stresses. The thickness of the ribbon is considered to be much less than the other dimensions. Residual stresses on the free surface (not in contact with the drum) are assumed to be equal to zero. The results are discussed for an amorphous alloy: Fe50Ni30B20. Concerns related to the development of technology for amorphous metallic alloys production include: when curvature radius increases, the curvature accordingly decreases; the value of the stress relaxation factor decreases upon contact of the ribbon with the surface of the drum; increase of the drum temperature and length of the field of its contact with the solidified ribbon, leading to a decrease of ribbon curvature.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aResidual stresses$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aResidual stresses$xMeasurement$xTechnique$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aResidual stresses$xMeasurement$xSimulation methods$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aEngineering.
=650  \0$aQuenching.
=650  \0$aSimulation.
=650  \0$aResidual stresses.
=650  14$aAmorphous metallic alloys.
=650  24$aQuenching.
=650  24$aSimulation.
=650  24$aResidual stresses.
=700  1\$aBorisov, O. V.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFilippova, V. P.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101785.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101788
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101788$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101788$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN697.A47
=082  04$a669.722$223
=100  1\$aGerosa, R.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDilatometric Analysis to Study Aging of Aluminum Alloys /$cR. Gerosa, B. Rivolta, U. Derudi.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b8
=520  3\$aThe microstructural modifications occurring during the natural or artificial aging of the aluminum alloys are related to modifications of physical properties such as electrical conductivity, hardness, and volume, each of them measured by specific instruments. In this paper the dimensional changes during the aging time were investigated through a high precision dilatometer; this technique keeps the sample at constant temperature and follows the precipitation phenomena versus time continuously. All the samples were taken from commercial thick plates of different aluminum alloys. The heavy plastic deformation during rolling was responsible for introducing anisotropy into the plate, so that the samples for the investigation were taken in the longitudinal, long transverse, and short transverse directions. By analyzing the dimensional changes of the samples versus aging time, standard and non-standard time-temperature values were selected as aging parameters for samples designated for mechanical and intergranular corrosion tests. The results obtained showed that the dilatometer can give important information about the precipitation kinetics occurring during aging, and it can be considered a useful instrumentation for the optimization of aging of aluminum alloys.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAluminum$xMetallurgy.
=650  \0$aMechanical alloying.
=650  \0$aAging.
=650  \0$aDilatometer.
=650  \0$aAluminum alloys.
=650  \0$aHeat treatments.
=650  14$aAging.
=650  24$aDilatometer.
=650  24$aAluminum alloys.
=650  24$aHeat treatments.
=700  1\$aRivolta, B.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDerudi, U.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101788.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101789
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101789$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101789$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC174.12
=082  04$a530.12$223
=100  1\$aSahay, Satyam S.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aStarch-Based Quenchants as an Eco-Friendly Alternative to Quenching Oil /$cSatyam S. Sahay.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (5 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b8
=520  3\$aPetroleum-based mineral oil is a commonly used quenching media for heat treatment, due to its moderate cooling rate which provides minimum distortion to components. However, quenching oil is also associated with several environmental liabilities such as oil fumes, fire hazard, oil spills, leaking underground storage tanks, and waste oil disposal liabilities. As a result, the use of oil as a quenching media is being discouraged and is listed as one of the significant concerns in the Vision 2020 technology roadmap of the ASM Heat Treating Society. In the present work, starch-based quenchants have been developed as an eco-friendly alternative to oil quenchant. It has been shown that by tailoring the composition, the peak cooling rate as well as peak temperature can be optimized to provide the required cooling characteristics for a wide range of materials. Industrial trials on tool steels have shown cooling characteristics and uniformity in hardness of starch quenching similar to oil quenching.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aQuantum theory.
=650  \0$aSimulated annealing (Mathematics)
=650  \0$aPhysique.
=650  \0$aQuenching.
=650  \0$aCooling rate.
=650  \0$aPeak temperature.
=650  \0$aOil quenchant.
=650  \0$aStarch quenchant.
=650  14$aOil quenchant.
=650  24$aStarch quenchant.
=650  24$aEco-friendly quenchant.
=650  24$aIndustrial application.
=650  24$aCooling rate.
=650  24$aPeak temperature.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101789.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101790
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101790$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101790$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN731
=082  04$a672.3/6$223
=100  1\$aRaygan, S.,$eauthor.
=245  13$aAn Investigation on Quenching Performance of Hot Alkaline Bath /$cS. Raygan, J. Rassizadehghani, M. Askari.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aAn investigation was done on understanding the cooling affect of alkaline salt bath medium on microstructure, mechanical and surface properties of AISI 1045 steel in comparison with oil. Salt bath medium used in this research contained 40 % NaOH and 60 % KOH with addition of 5 wt. % water at 205°C. H-value of the medium was determined by the Rushman Lamont method. This value was found to be 0.4. Hardening of 1045 steel in salt bath resulted in higher hardness and improved hardenability in comparison with oil quenching. Strength and ductility was also increased by this treatment. This was found to be a direct result of different microstructures evolved during quenching treatments. Hardening of 1045 steel in this medium resulted in an almost uniform microstructure which consisted of fine martensite and bainite. In comparison the microstructure of oil quenched sample was martensite, ferrite, widmanestatten ferrite and pearlite. Surface properties also improved by decrease in surface roughness and a good bearing area curve.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCase hardening.
=650  \0$aSteel$xHeat treatment.
=650  \0$aSalt bath furnaces.
=650  \0$aAlkaline media.
=650  \0$aBright hardening.
=650  \0$aQuenching.
=650  \0$aSalt bath.
=650  \0$aSurface properties.
=650  14$aSalt bath.
=650  24$aQuenching.
=650  24$aAlkaline media.
=650  24$aBright hardening.
=650  24$aSurface properties.
=700  1\$aRassizadehghani, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAskari, M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101790.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101792
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101792$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101792$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC174.12
=082  04$a530.12$223
=100  1\$aKobasko, N. I.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aOne More Discussion “What is Intensive Quenching Process?” /$cN. I. Kobasko, M. A. Aronov, J. A. Powell, G. E. Totten.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b29
=520  3\$aThree intensive quenching processes known as IQ-1, IQ-2, and IQ-3 are considered. In contrast to IQ-2 and IQ-3, processes that use water as a quenchant, the two-step IQ-1 technique is actually a combination of a conventional quench (in oil or polymer/water solution) as the first step, followed by intensive quenching in water (the second step). Similar to the IQ-2 and IQ-3 methods, the IQ-1 process provides residual surface compressive stresses, optimum hardened depth, and additional strengthening (superstrengthening) of the material. A database and a method of calculating the IQ-1 process parameters are considered. The authors underlined that IQ processes are green environmentally friendly methods that significantly reduce CO2 emissions and energy consumption. Also examples of the use of IQ-2 and IQ-3 methods for quenching different kinds of steel parts (such as shafts, pinions, crosses, etc.) are provided. It is shown that the IQ technology’s rapid and uniform cooling rates increase service life of steel parts due to the creation of high residual compressive stresses at the surface of steel parts and due to additional strengthening (superstrengthening) of the material.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aQuantum theory.
=650  \0$aSimulated annealing (Mathematics)
=650  \0$aPhysique.
=650  \0$aQuenching.
=650  \0$aIntensive quenching.
=650  \0$aSuperstrengthening.
=650  \0$aQuench design.
=650  \0$aEnergy savings.
=650  \0$aIQ technologies.
=650  \0$aEnvironment.
=650  \0$aEquipment.
=650  14$aIntensive quenching.
=650  24$aSuperstrengthening.
=650  24$aIQ technologies.
=650  24$aQuench design.
=650  24$aEquipment.
=650  24$aEnvironment.
=650  24$aEnergy savings.
=700  1\$aAronov, M. A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPowell, J. A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTotten, G. E.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101792.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101793
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101793$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101793$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.9.C6
=082  04$a620.1/1$223
=100  1\$aD’Errico, F.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aInfluence of Microstructure on the Mechanical Properties of Thixomolded® Magnesium Alloys /$cF. D’Errico, B. Rivolta, R. Gerosa, G. Perricone.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b10
=520  3\$aThixomolding® processes of magnesium have been highlighted in research and applications in the last decade. While in the past its use was mainly driven by consumer goods and electronic applications by Asian manufacturers (such as notebook computer cases, digital camera bodies, chain saw housings, etc.), currently Thixomolding® has been widely extended to other applications. Some examples are in automotive and sports equipment, such as automotive shift cams, bicycle saddles, fishing reels, snowboard bindings, etc. Wider applications of Thixomolding® magnesium alloys mainly depend on various advantages such as a simple and completely automatic manufacturing process, high productivity, and repeatability of the mechanical properties of parts. Moreover, due to low molding temperatures and laminar flow of the semisolid injected material, longer die life and dimensional precision are expected. In addition, complex geometry and net shape forming are possible, thus avoiding any further machining. Finally, residual porosity, which is one of the typical defects of cast parts (due to gas entrapment in turbulent flow), is avoided because of the laminar flow injection molding in tool-die. In this work, the thixomolded AZ91D and AM60B alloys have been investigated. A complete analysis has been conducted on the as-supplied material, by investigating the microstructure, tensile properties and axial fatigue (fatigue ratio R=0.1) performance. To improve mechanical characteristics, the Tx heat treatment has been performed on the thixomolded material and its effect on the microstructure has been analyzed and documented as a partial dissolution of brittle β-Mg17Al12 phase. The effect of heat treatment on mechanical properties of the material has been investigated and documented including the evaluation of a toughness index.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFibrous composites$xFracture.
=650  \0$aFibrous composites$xFatigue.
=650  \0$aReinforced plastics$xFatigue.
=650  \0$aComposites fibreuses$xRupture.
=650  \0$aComposites fibreuses$xFatique.
=650  \0$aFracture.
=650  \0$aMagnesium fatigue.
=650  \0$aThixomolding.
=650  14$aThixomolding.
=650  24$aMagnesium fatigue.
=650  24$aFracture.
=700  1\$aRivolta, B.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGerosa, R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPerricone, G.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101793.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101796
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101796$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101796$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA356
=082  04$a624.1/76$223
=100  1\$aMacKenzie, D. Scott,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPrediction of Distortion of Automotive Pinion Gears during Quenching Using CFD and FEA /$cD. Scott MacKenzie, Ashwini Kumar, Hossam Metwally, Swapnil Paingankar, Zhichao Li, B. Lynn Ferguson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aFLUENT was used to simulate the quenchant flow through a quench rack of automotive pinions. Utilizing a typical heat treat rack arrangement, two parts in an actual rack of heat treated pinions were then evaluated by finite element simulations using the finite element software, DANTE®, using the CFD results as boundary conditions for the finite element analysis. Part shape change, internal stress, and phase transformation histories were calculated for this carburized pinion gear made of AISI 8620.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFinite Element Analysis.
=650  \0$aFinite element method.
=650  \0$aWeld metal.
=650  \0$aWelded joints.
=650  \0$aFinite element analysis (FEA)
=650  \0$aModeling.
=650  \0$aQuenching.
=650  \0$aDistortion.
=650  \0$aResidual stress.
=650  \0$aFinite element.
=650  14$aModeling.
=650  24$aFinite element analysis (FEA)
=650  24$aComputational fluid dynamics (CFD)
=650  24$aFinite element.
=650  24$aQuenching.
=650  24$aDistortion.
=650  24$aResidual stress.
=700  1\$aKumar, Ashwini,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMetwally, Hossam,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPaingankar, Swapnil,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLi, Zhichao,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFerguson, B. Lynn,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101796.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101797
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101797$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101797$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA417.6
=082  04$a620.1/123$223
=100  1\$aArimoto, K.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aExplanation of the Origin of Distortion and Residual Stress in Carburized Ring Using Computer Simulation /$cK. Arimoto, S. Yamanaka, K. Funatani.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b5
=520  3\$aCase carburizing is recognized as a suitable process for realizing low distortion and high compressive stresses near the surfaces under optimal conditions. Patterns of distortion and residual stresses in carburized cylinders and rings under different conditions have been identified from measurements performed for many years. Some pioneers of the heat treatment simulation compared their simulated results of carburized and quenched parts with experimental data for verifying their programs. However, these early researchers did not sufficiently explain their distortion and stress generation mechanism using their simulated results. Although one of the authors tried to illuminate their mechanism of a carburized and quenched ring, the work has not been finished because the purpose was limited in examining the role of transformation plasticity in the process. In this paper, the same simulated results were analyzed more comprehensively for explaining the origin of distortion and residual stress in the ring based on a concrete strategy newly developed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aResidual stresses$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aResidual stresses$xMeasurement$xTechnique$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aResidual stresses$xMeasurement$xSimulation methods$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aEngineering.
=650  \0$aQuench distortion.
=650  \0$aResidual stress.
=650  14$aQuench distortion.
=650  24$aResidual stress.
=650  24$aHeat treatment simulation.
=700  1\$aYamanaka, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFunatani, K.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101797.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101799
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101799$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101799$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA684
=082  04$a624.1/821$223
=100  1\$aSmoljan, B.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aComputer Simulation of Quenched Steel Working Stress /$cB. Smoljan, S. Smokvina Hanza, D. Iljkić.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aThe possibility of the application of a modified Jominy-test in the computer simulation of quenching of steels for tools and dies has been investigated. The performance of an investigated modified Jominy-test in the simulation of quenching of tools and dies was estimated by a comparison of the cooling curves of a modified Jominy-specimen (JM®-specimen) and a cylindrical specimen. The hardness distribution in a quenched specimen was estimated based on a relevant cooling time from 800 to 500°C, as well as on the results of a modified Jominy-test. The characteristic cooling time, relevant for the results of quenching, was predicted by the computer simulation of quenching of both the JM®-specimen and cylindrical specimen. Mechanical properties of quenched steel directly depend on the degree of quenched steel hardening. The algorithm of the estimation of yield strength and fracture toughness on the base of steel hardness is established in this paper. Using the established algorithm, the mechanical properties of quenched and tempered die steel were estimated by computer simulation. It was found that the modified Jominy-test can be applied in the simulation of quenching of high hardenability steel more successfully than by the original Jominy-test.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBuilding, Iron and steel$xComputer simulation.
=650  \0$aIron and steel bridges$xComputer simulation.
=650  \0$aSteel, Structural$xComputer simulation.
=650  \0$aStructural engineering.
=650  \0$aComputer simulation.
=650  \0$aMechanical properties.
=650  \0$aSteel dies.
=650  \0$aModified Jominy-test.
=650  14$aComputer simulation.
=650  24$aMechanical properties.
=650  24$aQuenching and tempering.
=650  24$aSteel dies.
=650  24$aModified Jominy-test.
=700  1\$aSmokvina Hanza, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aIljkić, D.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101799.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101800
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101800$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101800$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTJ853.4.M53
=082  04$a620.1/06$223
=100  1\$aJagannath, Vaishali,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSeverity of Quenching and Kinetics of Wetting of Nanofluids and Vegetable Oils /$cVaishali Jagannath, K. Narayan Prabhu.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b14
=520  3\$aIn the present work, the suitability of vegetable oil blends with mineral oil and alumina based nanofluids as quench media for industrial heat treatment was investigated. Sunflower oil, palm oil, and mineral oil were used for preparing the blends. Alumina based nanofluids of varying concentrations ranging from 0.01–4 % were used. The size of alumina particles was about 50 nm. The severity of quenching and heat transfer coefficients were estimated during quenching of copper probes. Heat transfer coefficients were estimated using a lumped heat capacitance model. The static contact angle was measured on copper substrates having a surface texture similar to the probes used for estimation of heat transfer coefficients. A dynamic contact angle analyzer was used for this purpose. The measured contact angles of nanofluids on copper were high compared to oils, indicating poor wetting by quench media that are polar in nature. Wetting characteristics had a significant effect on heat transfer coefficients estimated during quenching.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aQuenching.
=650  \0$aWetting.
=650  \0$aNanofluids.
=650  \0$aVegetable oils.
=650  14$aQuenching.
=650  24$aNanofluids.
=650  24$aVegetable oils.
=650  24$aWetting.
=650  24$aHeat transfer coefficient.
=700  1\$aPrabhu, K. Narayan,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101800.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101801
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101801$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101801$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA357
=082  04$a620.106$223
=100  1\$aPohanka, M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aExperimental Technique for Heat Transfer Measurements on Fast Moving Sprayed Surfaces /$cM. Pohanka, H. Bellerova, M. Raudensky.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b8
=520  3\$aAn experimental technique for the measurements of heat transfer distribution at spray cooled surfaces is described. The measurements were done at moving surfaces up to a velocity of 12 m/s. The samples of different cross sections (flat, profile, rail, etc.) can move linearly. Different approaches are used for the measurements of heat transfer coefficient (HTC) distribution or heat flux distribution at rotating cylindrical body. An inverse task for the computation of surface temperature, HTC, and heat flux distribution obtained from the measurements conducted for internal transient temperature is described. The paper describes necessary demands on experiment configuration and temperature measurements when studying highly transient processes (fast moving objects under spraying nozzles or high circumferential velocities of rotating surface). The results of HTC distribution for spray cooling are shown and are compared to water impingement density. Influence of water impingement density, water pressure, spray configuration, and surface velocity is studied. Examples for water nozzles and for mist nozzles (water-air) are given. Emulsions and oils are beneficial for some industrial applications of spray cooling. The cooling experiments performed with these liquids provide information about decrease of cooling intensity even for a low concentration of the oils in water. The results comparing the cooling properties of these liquids and their comparison to water are presented.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFluid mechanics.
=650  \0$aHeat$xTransmission.
=650  \0$aSpray cooling.
=650  \0$aHeat transfer.
=650  \0$aCoolants.
=650  14$aHeat transfer.
=650  24$aSpray cooling.
=650  24$aCoolants.
=700  1\$aBellerova, H.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRaudensky, M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101801.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101802
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101802$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101802$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTS227
=082  04$a671.52$223
=100  1\$aRunser, V.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aModel of Solid State Transformations of Ductile Cast Iron GJS-600 /$cV. Runser, V. Schulze.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aTo quantify the way in which microstructure, stress, and distortion develop during the cooling of a ductile cast iron GJS-600 after its solidification and to predict the final thermomechanical properties of this material, it is necessary to identify all the metallurgical evolutions in solid state which occur after the casting in a sand mold. The present work deals with the influence of cooling conditions on the solid state transformations of a ductile cast iron austenitized for short periods and considering the initial carbon gradient. Numerical predictions for the modeling of the microstructure evolution and for the thermal strain development are validated with experimental results and show good agreement.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCast-iron.
=650  \0$aDuctile iron.
=650  \0$aContinuous cooling.
=650  \0$aDiffusion.
=650  \0$aDuctile cast iron.
=650  \0$aPhase transformation.
=650  \0$aDilatometry.
=650  14$aPhase transformation.
=650  24$aContinuous cooling.
=650  24$aDiffusion.
=650  24$aDuctile cast iron.
=650  24$aDilatometry.
=700  1\$aSchulze, V.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101802.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101804
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101804$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101804$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC174.12
=082  04$a530.12$223
=100  1\$aLi, Ziliang,$eauthor.
=245  10$aNumerical Simulation of the Mechanical Properties of Cr12 Steel during Gas Quenching /$cZiliang Li, Heming Cheng, Jianyun Li, Lijun Hou.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aHeat treatment is one method to improve mechanical properties of metal, but each heat treatment method has its advantages and disadvantages, therefore, different requirements regarding size, shape, and properties with respect to different heat treatment processes should be considered. Gas quenching is a heat treatment process used in various industries such as the aerospace, automotive, machine tool, and other advanced manufacturing processes. The use of gas quenching can significantly improve the mechanical and physical properties of a material. Simulation of gas quenching processes is becoming increasingly important, although not common, for the investigation of mechanical properties and their effects on quality. This paper is based on the theory of phase transformation, computational mechanics, thermal nonelasticity, and the character of the gas quenching process. A nonlinear heat conduction equation considering phase transformation is developed and a model of the relationship between the phase transformation products and the properties of Cr12 steel are established and solved using the finite element method (FEM). By comparing calculated results with those of experiments, satisfying agreement is found. It is anticipated that this model will be valuable for further theoretical development and practical applications.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aQuantum theory.
=650  \0$aSimulated annealing (Mathematics)
=650  \0$aPhysique.
=650  \0$aQuenching.
=650  \0$aGas quenching.
=650  \0$aNumerical simulation.
=650  \0$aMechanical properties.
=650  14$aNumerical simulation.
=650  24$aMechanical properties.
=650  24$aGas quenching.
=650  24$aFEM.
=700  1\$aCheng, Heming,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLi, Jianyun,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHou, Lijun,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101804.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101805
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101805$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101805$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN752.Q4
=082  04$a672.36$223
=100  1\$aAlam, Umair,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEnhancement and Local Regulation of Metal Quenching Using Atomized Sprays /$cUmair Alam, Jacek Krol, Eckehard Specht, Jürgen Schmidt.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aIn atomized spray quenching, the spraying water is atomized into fine droplets of the size of about 20 μm by compressed air and sprayed onto a hot surface. Only single droplets touch the surface, become deformed, and transfer heat. The drops partially evaporate and then move away from the superposed airflow. Thus, the vapor film is avoided as it is the case for other quenching techniques. It is demonstrated that the unintended collapses of the vapor film (Leidenfrost problem) at edges, corners, roughness peaks, etc., is eliminated by this technique. In this way, mass lumped regions of work pieces can be cooled more intensively than the edges. Consequently, a uniform temperature distribution with reduced thermal stresses can be obtained. The heat transfer was measured by infrared thermography. One side of the metallic sheet of 3 mm thickness was quenched by atomized spray and the surface temperature was measured on other side by an IR camera. The heat transfer coefficient is mainly determined by the impingement density. Heat transfer coefficient of 10,000 W/m2/K can be achieved within film boiling regime. This value is about three times higher than that of conventional spray quenching.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMetals$xQuenching.
=650  \0$aAlloys$xQuenching.
=650  \0$aMetals$xHeat treatment.
=650  \0$aMetals$xHardenability.
=650  \0$aLeidenfrost problem.
=650  \0$aInfrared thermography.
=650  14$aAtomized spray quenching.
=650  24$aLeidenfrost problem.
=650  24$aInfrared thermography.
=700  1\$aKrol, Jacek,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSpecht, Eckehard,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSchmidt, Jürgen,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101805.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101806
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101806$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101806$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA417.6
=082  04$a620.1/123$223
=100  1\$aNallathambi, Ashok Kumar,$eauthor.
=245  10$aOptimum Strategies to Reduce Residual Stresses and Distortion during the Metal Quenching Process /$cAshok Kumar Nallathambi, Yalcin Kaymak, Eckehard Specht, Albrecht Bertram.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (18 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b27
=520  3\$aQuenching is a complex thermo-mechano-metallurgical problem. Unexplored or without an optimized cooling strategy, a quenching process can end up with high residual stresses and distortion. This paper presents the mathematical formulation of the physics behind the quenching process, the numerical technique and optimization of the cooling strategies for the selected geometries. The finite element method (FEM) is used to solve the coupled partial differential equations in the framework of an isothermal-staggered approach. The solid-solid phase transformations are modeled using a linear iso-kinetic law with Schiel’s additivity rule and Koistinen-Marburger (KM) law. The thermoplastic material model is formulated on the basis of J2-plasticity theory with a temperature and phase fraction-dependent yield limit together with the appropriate mixture rule. The coupling effects such as phase transformation enthalpy, transformation-induced plasticity and dissipation are considered. The local heat transfer coefficient (HTC) during the quenching process plays a crucial role for the evolution of the distortion and residual stresses. It is demonstrated that with an enhanced quenching at the mass lumped regions, the distortion can be reduced. It is always possible to find an HTC profile which eliminates the distortion completely on the expense of an increased residual stress state. Therefore, an optimum quenching strategy has to be found to reduce the distortion and the residual stresses simultaneously. It is shown that with an enhanced quenching at the mass lumped regions and with a reduced quenching at the edges and corners, stresses and distortion can be minimized simultaneously. Examples are given for different kinds of metals and geometries such as long profiles (L and T) and disk with a hole.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aResidual stresses$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aResidual stresses$xMeasurement$xTechnique$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aResidual stresses$xMeasurement$xSimulation methods$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aEngineering.
=650  \0$aQuenching.
=650  \0$aDistortion.
=650  \0$aOptimization.
=650  \0$aPhase transformation.
=650  \0$aResidual stress.
=650  \0$aPlasticity.
=650  14$aQuenching.
=650  24$aResidual stress.
=650  24$aDistortion.
=650  24$aFEM.
=650  24$aPhase transformation.
=650  24$aPlasticity.
=650  24$aOptimization.
=700  1\$aKaymak, Yalcin,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSpecht, Eckehard,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBertram, Albrecht,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101806.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101809
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101809$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101809$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN672
=082  04$a671.3/6$223
=100  1\$aHorino, T.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aExplanation on the Origin of Distortion in Induction Hardened Ring Specimens by Computer Simulation /$cT. Horino, F. Ikuta, K. Arimoto, C. Jin, S. Tamura.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b17
=520  3\$aExplanation of the distortion mechanism is important for realizing the low-distortion and distortion-adapted induction hardening processes. Two of our authors applied computer simulation to examine distortions of ring specimens induction hardened on their outer side and also tempered. Simulated deformations agreed well with the experimental results. In this study, a simulation for the same experiment was carried out by the more enhanced modeling techniques. The possibility of explaining the origin of distortion in induction hardened ring specimens was shown clearly from simulated distribution changes of temperature, metallic structures, stresses, and strains.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aInduction hardening.
=650  \0$aDistortion mechanism.
=650  14$aDistortion mechanism.
=650  24$aHeat treatment simulation.
=650  24$aInduction hardening.
=700  1\$aIkuta, F.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aArimoto, K.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aJin, C.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTamura, S.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101809.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101810
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101810$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101810$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA417.6
=082  04$a620.1/123$223
=100  1\$aBortoleto, Eleir Mundim,$eauthor.
=245  10$aNumerical Simulation of Residual Stresses in Quenched Steel Bodies Using Subroutines to Represent TTT and CCT Diagrams /$cEleir Mundim Bortoleto, Cristiano Fernandes Lagatta, Márcio Gustavo Di Vernieri Cuppari, Izabel Fernanda Machado, Roberto Martins de Souza.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b24
=520  3\$aThe objective of this work is to analyze residual strains and stresses and volumetric expansion due to phase transformations that occur during quenching of a steel body. Three different models are proposed, based on the finite element software ABAQUS ® and on the use of FORTRAN subroutines. The time-tempreature-transformation (TTT) or continuous-cooling-transformation (CCT) diagrams of SAE 4140 steel are represented differently in each model, depending on the transformed phases and correspondent volumetric expansion. In the first model, diagrams are intentionally simplified in order to consider only the austenite-martensite transformation. In the second model, the thermomechanical-phase transformation coupling is represented through the incorporation of the austenite-pearlite transformation into the TTT diagram used in the first model and considering that this transformation occurs for cooling rates lower than the limit for martensitic transformation. The third model is based on a subroutine that calculates all the microstructures resulting from quenching (ferrite, pearlite, bainite, and martensite), depending on cooling rate. This subroutine includes information from all the TTT and CCT diagrams of SAE 4140 into a FORTRAN code. Model testing was conducted based on the analysis of the quenching of a cylinder with diameter of 45 mm and based on the comparison with results presented in the literature. Significant differences are observed in the numerical results provided by each model, which, in some cases, also provided data with significant differences from literature.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aResidual stresses$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aResidual stresses$xMeasurement$xTechnique$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aResidual stresses$xMeasurement$xSimulation methods$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aEngineering.
=650  \0$aQuenching.
=650  \0$aPhase transformation.
=650  \0$aFORTRAN subroutines.
=650  \0$aResidual stress.
=650  14$aPhase transformation.
=650  24$aQuenching.
=650  24$aTTT and CCT diagrams.
=650  24$aFORTRAN subroutines.
=650  24$aResidual stress.
=700  1\$aLagatta, Cristiano Fernandes,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDi Vernieri Cuppari, Márcio Gustavo,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMachado, Izabel Fernanda,$eauthor.
=700  1\$ade Souza, Roberto Martins,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101810.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101813
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101813$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101813$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN672
=082  04$a671.36$223
=100  1\$aHeming, Cheng,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDetermination of Surface Heat Transfer Coefficients of Cr12MoV Steel Cylinder during High-Speed Gas Quenching at Atmospheric Pressure /$cCheng Heming, Li. Jianyun, Li. Ziliang, Hou Lijun, Hou Jie.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (5 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b8
=520  3\$aIn the numerical simulation of quenching processes, establishment of the boundary conditions for the temperature field and stress field are very important. However, determination of the boundary conditions of the temperature field is very complicated. In order to simulate the thermal strain, thermal stress, residual stress, and microstructure of the steel during high-speed gas quenching at atmospheric pressure using a numerical method, it is necessary to obtain an accurate boundary condition of temperature field. The surface heat transfer coefficient is a key parameter. The explicit finite difference method, nonlinear estimate method, and the experimental relationship between temperature and time during quenching have been used to solve the inverse problem of heat conduction during gas quenching. The relationships between surface temperature and surface heat transfer coefficient of a solid cylinder are provided here. In addition, it is shown that this technique can determine the effective surface heat transfer coefficients during high-speed gas quenching.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCase hardening.
=650  \0$aMetals$xQuenching.
=650  \0$aTemperature.
=650  14$aHigh speed gas quenching.
=650  24$aSurface heat transfer coefficient.
=650  24$aTemperature.
=650  24$aFinite difference method.
=700  1\$aJianyun, Li.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aZiliang, Li.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLijun, Hou,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aJie, Hou,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101813.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101814
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101814$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101814$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRB170
=082  04$a616.07$223
=100  1\$aZhang, Yi.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aStudy on Antioxidative Synergism of Molybdenum Dialkydithiocarbamate with Alkylated Diphenylamine Antioxidants /$cYi. Zhang, Xian-Jun Zeng, Jian-Qiang Hu, Yan Fu, Yan Luo.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b28
=520  3\$aThe antioxidation properties of molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate, p,p-dioctyldiphenylamine and mixed octylated and butylated diphenylamine additives in poly-α-olefin (PAO) lubricant or mineral oil 150 SN were evaluated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and the Modified Penn State Micro-oxidation Test (PMOT). DSC test measures incipient oxidation temperature and oxidation induction time of the lubricants at high temperatures and the weight loss of oil with deposits formed are measured by the PMOT test. DSC results show that antioxidation properties and of p,p-dioctyldiphenylamine and octylated and butylated diphenylamine were improved significantly by molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate addition. PMOT results indicate that when it was combinied with p,p-dioctyldiphenylamine, molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate can also effectively reduce the increase in weight loss of oils and deposits formed in oils. These results suggest that the molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate shows a good antioxidative synergism with alkylated diphenylamine antioxidants. In addition, FTIR results from the PMOT test confirm that the addition of molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate can significantly enhance the oxidation induction time of oils containing p,p-dioctyldiphenylamine and inhibit formation of oxidation products including carbonyl bonds or hydroxyl group. ESR analysis from the PMOT test indicate that molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate may form stable radicals with arylamine by the coordination effect. Finally, the proposed mechanism of the inhibition involves a synergy between molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate and arylamine antioxidants.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aOxidation, Physiological.
=650  \0$aAntioxidants$xHealth aspects.
=650  \0$aFree radicals (Chemistry)$xPathophysiology.
=650  \0$aSynergism.
=650  \0$aAntioxidation.
=650  \0$aFTIR.
=650  14$aMolybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamate.
=650  24$aAlkylated diphenylamine.
=650  24$aAntioxidation.
=650  24$aDSC.
=650  24$aFTIR.
=650  24$aESR.
=650  24$aSynergism.
=700  1\$aZeng, Xian-Jun,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHu, Jian-Qiang,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFu, Yan,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLuo, Yan,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101814.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101815
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101815$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101815$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTJ260
=082  04$a621.4022$223
=100  1\$aFischer, F. D.,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Novel Approach to Model Moving Heat Sources /$cF. D. Fischer, C. Krempaszky, J. Očenášek, E. Werner.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aThe solution of quasistationary heat-conduction problems with moving heat sources on the surface of a body is a demanding task and still a topic of ongoing research. The authors have shown in several contributions that an exact analytical solution exists for a constant velocity of the heat source and constant thermal properties of the body. Since also convection at the surface can be treated properly, cooling and quenching problems can be solved, accordingly. The main characteristic of the governing equation is that the partial derivative of the temperature with respect to time must be replaced by the convective term being the velocity of the heat source times the gradient of the temperature. In this contribution it is shown that the quasistationary problem can be transformed into a stationary one, if a modified heat-conduction coefficient is introduced. The application of this concept and its limits are demonstrated in comparison with existing analytical solutions. For this purpose a model is set up which consists of two parts. In the first part the concept of transforming to a stationary problem is employed, whereas in the second part fictitious heat sources are defined. The methodology is shown to be very efficient as it avoids difficulties arising from the necessity to use very dense meshes and proper time integration routines necessary when applying standard fine element codes for a spatially fixed configuration of a body with moving heat sources on its surface.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHeat$xConduction.
=650  \0$aHeat engineering.
=650  \0$aWarmtetransport.
=650  \0$aMoving heat source.
=650  14$aMoving heat source.
=650  24$aHeat conduction problem.
=650  24$aHeat penetration depth.
=650  24$aModified heat conduction coefficient.
=700  1\$aKrempaszky, C.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aOčenášek, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWerner, E.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101815.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101816
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101816$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101816$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN752.Q4
=082  04$a672.36$223
=100  1\$aKristoffersen, H.,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Complete System for Testing and Evaluation of Quenchants and Quenching Systems /$cH. Kristoffersen, E. Troell, I. Felde, J. Bodin.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b10
=520  3\$aThe quenching operation is a very critical part of the heat treatment process. Improper quenching parameters and drifting of the cooling characteristics during the working life of the quenchant will influence the quenching results. Sophisticated computer-based tools have made it possible to monitor, evaluate, and perform a continuous quality control of the quenchants’ and the quenching systems’ performance. The increasing and ever more sophisticated use of FEM simulation in order to optimize products and processes means that there is also a growing need for accurate input data. In quenching simulations, the boundary conditions expressed as heat transfer coefficients based on measured cooling curves are of great importance in order to obtain accurate calculations. One system that offers these features is the ivf SmartQuench® system (SQ).Ivf SmartQuench™ and SQintegra is commercially available from Swerea IVF, Argongatan 30, 431 53 Mölndal, Sweden. www.ivfsmartquench.com This system encompasses data acquisition and a software module for analyzing the cooling curves. With the new, extended software module that was introduced in 2007, SQintegra (SQi), it is now possible for the user to calculate heat transfer coefficients (e.g., for the ISO 9950 probe), as well as hardness and microstructure in a cross section of steel samples. Heat transfer calculations are made on the basis of an inverse analysis of the recorded cooling curve. The result is used as input for the calculation of microstructural constituents and the hardness profile of cylindrical samples of arbitrary diameter. Calculations can be made for several different steel grades. The system can be used for quality control of quenchants, troubleshooting, process follow-up, calculation of heat transfer coefficients, hardness calculations compared to verifying tests, and sensitivity analyses of quenchants. The system has also been used to evaluate the cooling performance in showers used for quenching after induction heating. The process window for a specific quenching shower was established for a polymer quenchant. Factors considered were flow rate, concentration and temperature of the quenchant.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMetals$xQuenching.
=650  \0$aAlloys$xQuenching.
=650  \0$aMetals$xHeat treatment.
=650  \0$aMetals$xHardenability.
=650  \0$aMonitoring.
=650  \0$aQuenching.
=650  \0$aCooling curves.
=650  \0$aInduction showers.
=650  \0$aQuenchants.
=650  14$aTesting.
=650  24$aMonitoring.
=650  24$aQuenching.
=650  24$aQuenchants.
=650  24$aCooling curves.
=650  24$aInduction showers.
=700  1\$aTroell, E.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFelde, I.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBodin, J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101816.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101817
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101817$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101817$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN752.Q4
=082  04$a672.36$223
=100  1\$aBanka, Andrew,$eauthor.
=245  10$aImproving Control of a Quenching Process by Coupling Analysis Methods /$cAndrew Banka, Jeff Franklin, Zhichao Li, Blake L. Ferguson, Andrew Freborg, Michael Aronov.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b6
=520  3\$aIntensive quenching is a fast transient thermal process where an austenitized part is cooled rapidly by contact with a stream of high velocity water. As in all quenching processes, the quenchant flow condition has a primary effect on material response, including the final microstructural phase distribution, hardness, residual stress, and distortion. Therefore, characterization of the quenchant flow is important for understanding the quenching process and the relationships between quenchant flow rate, part cooling rate, material phase transformations, and residual stress. With the development of high-speed computer and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) technologies, the quenchant flow pattern around a complex part during quenching can be calculated. This allows the local heat transfer between the quench media and the part to be calculated. The transient heat transfer coefficients predicted from such a CFD model can then be used in a finite element based thermal-stress calculation to predict the final residual stress state of the part, as well as the microstructural phase distribution, hardness distribution, and dimensional change due to quenching. In this paper, transient CFD analyses using FLUENT are applied to characterize the water flow and thermal boundary conditions around a spur gear made of carburized Pyrowear 53 during intensive quenching. The calculated heat transfer coefficients are imported to DANTE heat treatment models, and the gear’s response to intensive quenching is predicted. The results include hardness, phase transformation, stress, and distortion. The relationships between temperature field, phase transformation, residual stress, and distortion during quenching are explained using the modeling histories. The combination of FLUENT and DANTE models provides efficient and effective solutions to the quenching fixture and water flow designs. The predicted gear distortion and residual stresses are validated using experiments.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMetals$xQuenching.
=650  \0$aAlloys$xQuenching.
=650  \0$aMetals$xHeat treatment.
=650  \0$aMetals$xHardenability.
=700  1\$aFranklin, Jeff,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLi, Zhichao,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFerguson, Blake L.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFreborg, Andrew,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAronov, Michael,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101817.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101818
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101818$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101818$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK9203.B6
=082  04$a621.48/34$223
=100  1\$aWells, M. A.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAccurate Determination of Surface Heat Fluxes During Quenching Characterized by Boiling Water Heat Transfer /$cM. A. Wells, K. J. Daun.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (17 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b29
=520  3\$aMathematical models play a critical role in design, optimization, and control of water quenching treatment in metals processing. Modeling these processes correctly is predicated on accurately characterizing the heat transfer at the product surface throughout the quench operation, usually with a boiling curve. These curves are most often generated from time-resolved subsurface temperature measurements carried out during quenching, although data analysis is complicated by the ill-posed nature of the underlying problem. This paper reviews the best experimental and analytical practices that have been developed for recovering the boiling water curve through an inverse heat conduction analysis.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBoiling water reactors$xStability.
=650  \0$aBoiling water reactors.
=650  \0$aScience.
=650  \0$aThermocouple.
=650  \0$aWater quench.
=650  14$aBoiling water heat transfer.
=650  24$aInverse heat conduction.
=650  24$aTemperature measurement.
=650  24$aThermocouple.
=650  24$aWater quench.
=700  1\$aDaun, K. J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101818.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101822
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101822$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101822$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA684
=082  04$a624.1821$223
=100  1\$aCho, K.,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA New Method to Study the Effect of Cooling Rate on the Decomposition of Austenite in Advanced High Strength Sheet Steels /$cK. Cho, C. I. Garcia, M. Hua, J. Lee, Y. S. Ahn, A. J. DeArdo.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aA new modified Jominy holder and specimen were developed to study the effect of chemical composition, intercritical annealing temperature, and cooling rates on the transformation behavior of a series of dual-phase sheet steels. Correlations between temperature, time, and the distance from the water quenched end were developed using a laboratory view data acquisition program. In addition, the hardness and microstructure along the length of the sheet steel sample were determined as a function of cooling rate from the intercritical annealing temperature. Special chemical regents were used to reveal new ferrite, bainite, and other microstructural components, which were also evaluated by optical, scanning, and transmission electron microscopy. Critical cooling rate equations, based on steel composition, volume fraction of austenite and intercritical annealing temperatures, were developed to avoid or minimize the formation of new ferrite and bainite. The results of this work show that the modified Jominy test is an effective and efficient way to evaluate the hardenability of sheet steels.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMetals$xMechanical properties.
=650  \0$aStrength of materials.
=650  \0$aJoints (Engineering)
=650  \0$aBuilding, Iron and steel.
=650  \0$aAustenite.
=650  \0$aBainite.
=650  \0$aMartensite.
=650  \0$aNew ferrite.
=650  \0$aDual-phase steel.
=650  \0$aHardenability.
=650  14$aAustenite.
=650  24$aBainite.
=650  24$aCritical cooling rate and equation.
=650  24$aDual-phase steel.
=650  24$aHardenability.
=650  24$aMartensite.
=650  24$aModified Jominy holder and specimen.
=650  24$aNew ferrite.
=700  1\$aGarcia, C. I.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHua, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLee, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAhn, Y. S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDeArdo, A. J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101822.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101826
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101826$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101826$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA710.A1
=082  04$a624.1/5136$223
=100  1\$aSolanki, Pranshoo,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Comparative Evaluation of Various Additives Used in the Stabilization of Sulfate Bearing Lean Clay /$cPranshoo Solanki, Naji Khoury, Musharraf M. Zaman.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (18 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b78
=520  3\$aA laboratory study was conducted on both raw and stabilized clay specimens to evaluate short- and long-term performance of three different additives, namely, hydrated lime, class C fly ash (CFA), and cement kiln dust (CKD), for providing better treatment of sulfate rich lean clay. Short-term performance evaluation experiments included Atterberg limits, resilient modulus (Mr), modulus of elasticity (ME), and unconfined compressive strength (UCS), after 28 days of curing. Long-term performance was evaluated in terms of moisture susceptibility (tube suction test) and three-dimensional swell during 120 days of capillary soaking. At the end of 120 days, specimens were also tested for Mr, ME, and UCS, as additional indicators to long-term pavement performance. Short-term performance evaluation projected 15 % CKD with highest improvement, while long-term performance evaluation showed 15 % CFA providing maximum enhancements after 120 days of capillary soaking. The study further indicated swelling of specimens stabilized with lime and CKD; however, CFA helped in reducing the swelling. All the percentages of additives used in the study helped in reducing the moisture susceptibility of clay. Mineralogical studies such as scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction were also used to verify research findings observed from the macro test results.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aClay soils.
=650  \0$aLoess.
=650  \0$aSoil mechanics.
=650  \0$aSoil stabilization.
=650  \0$aLime.
=650  \0$aSulfate.
=650  \0$aFly ash.
=650  \0$aSoil stabilization.
=650  14$aSoil stabilization.
=650  24$aSulfate.
=650  24$aHeave.
=650  24$aLime.
=650  24$aFly ash.
=650  24$aSwell.
=700  1\$aKhoury, Naji,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aZaman, Musharraf M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101826.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101827
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101827$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101827$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN752.Q4
=082  04$a672.36$223
=100  1\$aZeng, Guang-yi,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCooling Characteristic Test of Quenching Media /$cGuang-yi Zeng.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b14
=520  3\$aTwo test methods: JB/T 7951—2004 (Industrial quenching oil-determination of cooling characteristics nickel-alloy probe test method) and SH/T 0220—1992 (Heat Treating Oils–Determination of Cooling Ability) relating to the characterization of cooling characteristics of quenching media have been introduced in China. However, a number of problems were encountered which necessitated an error analysis study and the establishment of a benchmarking method. The results of this work are discussed here.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMetals$xQuenching.
=650  \0$aAlloys$xQuenching.
=650  \0$aMetals$xHeat treatment.
=650  \0$aMetals$xHardenability.
=650  \0$aQuenching media.
=650  \0$aQuenching.
=650  14$aQuenching media.
=650  24$aCooling characteristic.
=650  24$aQuenching.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101827.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101829
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101829$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101829$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN752.Q4
=082  04$a672.3/6$223
=100  1\$aAli, S. K.,$eauthor.
=245  13$aAn Efficient Numerical Algorithm for the Prediction of Thermal and Microstructure Fields during Quenching of Steel Rods /$cS. K. Ali, M. S. Hamed, M. F. Lightstone.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (18 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aThis paper presents a new, more efficient numerical algorithm that has been developed to predict thermal and microstructure fields during quenching of steel rods. The present algorithm solves the full nonlinear heat conduction equation using a central finite-difference scheme coupled with a fourth-order Runge-Kutta nonlinear solver. Numerical results, obtained using the present algorithm, have been validated using experimental data and numerical results available in the literature. In addition to its accurate predictions, the present algorithm does not require iteration; hence, it is computationally more efficient than previous numerical algorithms.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSteel$xQuenching.
=650  \0$aSteel$xDefects.
=650  \0$aSteel quenching.
=650  \0$aNumerical algorithm.
=650  \0$aPhase transformation.
=650  \0$aHeat treatment.
=650  14$aSteel quenching.
=650  24$aPhase transformation.
=650  24$aHeat treatment.
=650  24$aNumerical algorithm.
=700  1\$aHamed, M. S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLightstone, M. F.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101829.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101840
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101840$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101840$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN775
=082  04$a669.722$223
=100  1\$aManiruzzaman, Mohammed,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Effect of Agitation and Quenchant Temperature on the Heat Transfer Coefficients for 6061 Aluminum Alloy Quenched in Distilled Water /$cMohammed Maniruzzaman, Marco Fontecchio, Richard D. Sisson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aA 6061 aluminum alloy probe was quenched using a Center for Heat Treating Excellence probe-quenching system in distilled water while varying bath temperature and the agitation level. Time versus temperature data were collected during the quench using a thermocouple embedded inside the probe. The surface heat transfer coefficients as a function of temperature were calculated using the Newtonian cooling approximation. The maximum heat transfer coefficient values ranged from 1054 W/m2⋅K for 100°C water with no agitation to 3822 W/m2⋅K for 5°C water with the agitation of 1850 r/min. The data also showed that at higher levels of agitation and lower bath temperatures, the maximum heat transfer coefficient increased.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAluminum alloys$xHeat treatment.
=650  \0$aPrecipitation hardening.
=650  \0$aAluminum alloys$xQuenching.
=650  \0$aCHTE quench probe.
=650  \0$aWater quench.
=650  \0$aAluminum alloy.
=650  14$aQuenching heat treatment.
=650  24$aCHTE quench probe.
=650  24$aAluminum alloy.
=650  24$aHeat transfer coefficients.
=650  24$aWater quench.
=700  1\$aFontecchio, Marco,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSisson, Richard D.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101840.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101848
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101848$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101848$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aGV749.H4
=082  04$a796.9620289$223
=100  1\$aGwin, Joseph T.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aIn situ Measures of Head Impact Acceleration in NCAA Division I Men’s Ice Hockey :$bImplications for ASTM F1045 and Other Ice Hockey Helmet Standards /$cJoseph T. Gwin, Jeffery J. Chu, Thomas A. McAllister, Richard M. Greenwald.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b42
=520  3\$aA pilot study was performed to measure head impact accelerations in collegiate men’s ice hockey during the 2005–2007 seasons using helmets instrumented with Head Impact Telemetry System technology to monitor and record linear head accelerations and impact locations in situ. The objectives of this study were (1) to quantify the relationship between resultant peak linear head acceleration and impact location for in situ head impacts in collegiate men’s ice hockey, (2) to quantify the frequency and severity of impacts to the facemask, and (3) to determine if in situ impacts occurred such that the peak resultant linear head acceleration was higher than the peak resultant linear headform acceleration from a 40-in. linear drop (as in ASTM F1045–99) on the same helmet at a similar impact location. Voluntary participants (n=5 and 7 for years 1 and 2, respectively) wore instrumented helmets which monitored head impact accelerations sustained by each player during all games and practices. Head impact data were grouped by impact location into five bins representing top, back, side, forehead, and facemask. Forehead impacts represented impacts to the helmet shell as distinguished from facemask impacts. Additionally, a sample instrumented helmet was impacted in the laboratory at forehead, side, rear, and top impact locations (40-in. drop, three trials per location, test setup as specified in ASTM F1045-99). The mean peak resultant linear headform acceleration for each impact location was determined for analysis. Of the 4,393 recorded head impacts, 33.2 % were to the back of the helmet. This percentage increased to 59.2 % for impacts above 70 g. Facemask impacts accounted for 12.2 % of all impacts but only 2.4 % of impacts above 70 g. Over two seasons, five in situ impacts occurred such that the peak resultant linear head acceleration was greater than the mean peak resultant linear headform acceleration for a corresponding impact location in the laboratory. This study found that the most common impact location in ice hockey, particularly for impacts with higher peak linear accelerations, was the back of the head and demonstrated that facemask impacts were typically of a lower magnitude. The five impacts or ∼0.4 per player/season that exceeded the peak linear acceleration associated with 40-in. laboratory drops suggested that the impact energy specified in ASTM F1045 may not reflect the highest energy impacts seen in situ.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHockey$xEquipment and supplies$xTesting.
=650  \0$aHelmets$xTesting.
=650  \0$aHockey$xSafety measures.
=650  \0$aCollegiate sports.
=650  \0$aConcussions.
=650  \0$aHelmets.
=650  \0$aImpacts.
=650  14$aHockey.
=650  24$aImpacts.
=650  24$aHelmets.
=650  24$aCollegiate sports.
=650  24$aConcussions.
=700  1\$aChu, Jeffery J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMcAllister, Thomas A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGreenwald, Richard M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101848.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101849
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101849$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101849$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC174.12
=082  04$a530.12$223
=100  1\$aLior, Noam,$eauthor.
=245  10$aGas-Cooling of Multiple Short Inline Disks in Flow Along Their Axis /$cNoam Lior, Dimitrios Papadopoulos.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (18 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b17
=520  3\$aTo learn about cooling of gas quenched batches, this paper reports on numerical predictions of local and average convective heat transfer coefficients, and overall pressure drops, on batches of five axially aligned, constant temperature, short cylindrical disks (25 cm diameter, 5 cm thickness) with and without a concentric hole, with interdisk spacings of 5–20 cm, in axial turbulent flows of 20 bar nitrogen gas at inlet speeds from 10 m/s to 100 m/s, corresponding to Reynolds numbers (Re) between 3.27×106 and 32.7×106. The heat transfer coefficients along the disk surfaces vary strongly up to a worse case of two orders of magnitude for the upstream disk. This nonuniformity is much lower for the disks downstream, especially after spacing is increased beyond 0.1 m. As expected, the upstream disk exhibited rather different heat transfer coefficients than the ones downstream, the magnitude of the heat transfer coefficient and its uniformity increased with the interdisk spacing, and varied by a factor of about 4–5 along the surfaces. The average heat transfer coefficient (Nusselt number, Nu) on the disks increased approximately with Reynolds number as Re0.85. Re did not have much influence on the nonuniformity of Nu on the disk surfaces. The overall pressure drop along the flow increases with the interdisk spacing, rising by about 60 % as the spacing is increased from 0.05 m to 0.20 m. The presence of a hole increases the heat transfer coefficient in all cases. Some suggestions for reducing the heat transfer coefficient nonuniformity are made.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aQuantum theory.
=650  \0$aSimulated annealing (Mathematics)
=650  \0$aPhysique.
=650  \0$aGas quenching.
=650  \0$aQuenching.
=650  \0$aQuenching simulation.
=650  \0$aQuenching uniformity.
=650  14$aQuenching.
=650  24$aGas quenching.
=650  24$aQuenching simulation.
=650  24$aQuenching uniformity.
=650  24$aConvective heat transfer.
=700  1\$aPapadopoulos, Dimitrios,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101849.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101850
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=005  20161219061000.0
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=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101850$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101850$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aGV850.4
=082  04$a796.91$223
=100  1\$aLockwood, K.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aWhen Metal Meets Ice :$bPotential for Performance or Injury /$cK. Lockwood, G. Frost.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b33
=520  3\$aPhysical conditioning, technical ability, contact, and protective equipment have been identified through research as factors that can potentially contribute to the incidence of injuries in ice hockey players. One safety-related factor often overlooked is the interaction between the skate blade and the ice. Skating is one of the fundamental skills of a successful hockey player, but the effect of skate sharpening on blade characteristics and performance has received limited research attention. The point of contact with the ice is essentially what allows the transition of human motion to skating mechanics, and it may affect both the quality of skating performance and the potential for on-ice injuries. The purpose of this paper is to address the influence of skate blade sharpening characteristics on performance. Experiments performed to examine skate blade sharpening characteristics have identified radius of hollow (ROH), radius of contour (ROC), pitch and levelness of edges as variables that can be manipulated, quantified, and controlled when analyzing blade-ice interaction and the effect of skate sharpening on skating performance. Optimum values for each may produce more effective skating performances. Less than optimum values can result in slower speeds, longer stopping times, instability, body malalignment, greater fatigue, and potentially, greater chance of injury. Being able to define blade characteristics and determine the best combination of ROH, ROC, and pitch for a specific player allows some degree of control in an environment which can often be unpredictable. Furthermore, although there are standards for acceptable ice in professional hockey leagues, very often players must skate on a surface which is not only less than ideal, but which can also change over the course of a game or practice. Careful sharpening to accommodate for less than ideal ice conditions and the unpredictable nature of the play may also help to prevent fatigue, and injuries.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHockey$xJuvenile literature.
=650  \0$aIce skating.
=650  \0$aHockey.
=650  \0$aSkating.
=650  \0$aSkating$xUnited States.
=650  \0$aSkate sharpening.
=650  \0$aRadius of contour.
=650  \0$aRadius of hollow.
=650  14$aSkate sharpening.
=650  24$aRadius of hollow.
=650  24$aRadius of contour.
=650  24$aPitch.
=700  1\$aFrost, G.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101850.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101851
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101851$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101851$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRC387.5
=082  04$a617.4/81044$223
=100  1\$aWilliamson, I. J. S.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aConcussion in Youth Hockey :$bPrevalence, Risk Factors, and Management across Observation Strategies /$cI. J. S. Williamson, D. Goodman.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b70
=520  3\$aIce hockey ranks among the highest of all sports for rates of concussion, and estimates from youth hockey appear ominously close to estimates from the NHL (23.15 and 29.59 per 1000 player-hours, respectively), yet concussion is seldom studied in the youth setting, particularly in a way that accounts for under-reporting. To maximize the capture of concussions in youth hockey, we used broad injury inclusion criteria and multiple surveillance strategies, including (a) official injury reports, (b) reports from team personnel, and (c) reports from trained hockey observers. The aims were to (a) better elucidate the prevalence and causes of hockey-related concussions, (b) examine how concussions are reportedly managed in youth ice hockey, and (c) speak to the utility of the different surveillance strategies. Contact between players was the most common mechanism across observation strategies and more than half (51 %) of concussions reported by volunteers were caused by illegal acts (32 % hits from behind, 8 % hits to head, and 7 % crosschecks), though few (23 %) resulted in penalties. According to volunteer and observer reports, many young players are returning to play in the same game they sustained a concussion (34 % and 71 %, respectively), which contravenes Hockey Canada guidelines. Contrary to the literature, there were significantly higher odds (p<0.05) of sustaining a concussion in the youngest age division rather than among older players according to volunteer reports. This study sampled approximately 22 400 youth players and is among the broadest investigations of concussion in youth ice hockey.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBrain damage$xPatients$xCase studies.
=650  \0$aBrain$xWounds and injuries.
=650  \0$aTraumatic head injury.
=650  \0$aConcussion.
=650  \0$aHead injury.
=650  \0$aIce hockey.
=650  14$aConcussion.
=650  24$aMild traumatic brain injury.
=650  24$aHead injury.
=650  24$aIce hockey.
=700  1\$aGoodman, D.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101851.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101852
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101852$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101852$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA403
=082  04$a620.1/1 s$223
=100  1\$aFrerichs, F.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Influence of Surface Temperature on Rewetting Behavior During Immersion Quenching of Hollow and Solid Cylinders /$cF. Frerichs, Th. Luebben.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b6
=520  3\$aDue to the Leidenfrost phenomenon, immersion quenching is a more or less uncontrolled task, because prediction of the appropriate rewetting process is difficult. During the rewetting process the highest heat transfer coefficient occurs. Knowledge of the rewetting behavior is therefore one of the most important points for prediction of the distribution of heat transfer coefficients during immersion cooling. Up to now, it has been assumed that for a given set of experimental parameters, the rewetting process occurs when the surface temperature decreases below a given temperature. In the literature this temperature is called the Leidenfrost temperature. In this contribution, this assumption will be investigated by means of different kind of hollow and non-hollow cylinders. Those workpieces offer the possibility to investigate different distributions of surface temperatures and cooling rates. The observation of the rewetting process was done by means of high resolution video cameras. The investigations show clearly that for a given set of experimental parameters the rewetting process is not only a function of temperature. The progressive motion of the rewetting front is more a self-adjusting process which starts mostly on edges or surface failures of the workpiece.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aLiquid alloys$xQuenching.
=650  \0$aLiquid metals.
=650  \0$aSolidification.
=650  \0$aAnalyse.
=650  \0$aDünne Schicht.
=650  \0$aQuenching.
=650  \0$aImmersion quenching.
=650  \0$aRewetting behavior.
=650  14$aLeidenfrost phenomenon.
=650  24$aRewetting behavior.
=650  24$aImmersion quenching.
=700  1\$aLuebben, Th.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101852.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101853
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101853$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101853$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD181.T6
=082  04$a661/.0512$223
=100  1\$aAsaoka, Kenzo,$eauthor.
=245  10$aHydrogen-Related Degradation of Mechanical Properties of Titanium and Titanium Alloys /$cKenzo Asaoka, Kunimitsu Maejima.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b15
=520  3\$aHydrogen can have a pronounced effect on the mechanical properties of titanium (Ti) and Ti alloys, such as deformation, fracture, and fatigue life. The delayed fracture of medical Ti alloy devices is commonly caused by hydrogen embrittlement. Experimentally, we confirmed that the degradation in the performance of Ni-Ti superelastic alloy is caused by the hydrogen absorption related with specific factors in vivo; i.e., hydrogen embrittlement is related to such factors as sustained stress, in vivo environment (pH and potential), and surface chemistry. In our research a thermal desorption gas spectrometer (TDS) was used to measure the hydrogen content in the alloys without fusion. The measured hydrogen concentration showed clearly that the hydrogen concentration affects considerably the degradation of the mechanical properties. It is unclear how the alloy can naturally absorb hydrogen under biological circumstances. However, it is suspected that the hydrogen absorption is related to galvanic currents, fretting corrosion, hydrogen ions in a biological fluid, and changes in pH under biostructures, biofilms, and tumors. It may lead to the degradation of their mechanical properties by hydrogen absorption in vivo. Also the processes of medical Ti alloy devices, such as pickling, are associated with their hydrogen content. Thus, the estimation of the hydrogen absorption in vivo in relation to surface features is required to evaluate its effect on such properties as fatigue and the service life of the Ni-Ti alloys used as medical devices.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAbsorption.
=650  \0$aTitanium$xHydrogen content.
=650  \0$aDelayed fracture.
=650  \0$aCorrosion.
=650  \0$aNickel-titanium alloy.
=650  14$aNickel-titanium alloy.
=650  24$aSuperelastic deformation.
=650  24$aHydrogen embrittlement.
=650  24$aDelayed fracture.
=650  24$aCorrosion.
=700  1\$aMaejima, Kunimitsu,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101853.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101855
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101855$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101855$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.42
=082  04$a620.1/126$223
=100  1\$aLee, Kwang-Soo,$eauthor.
=245  13$aAn Expert System for Estimation of Fatigue Properties from Simple Tensile Data or Hardness /$cKwang-Soo Lee, Ji-Ho Song.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b20
=520  3\$aFatigue properties such as strain-life (ε-N) curves are usually obtained by performing fatigue tests. However, as fatigue testing requires time and high cost, many methods have been proposed to estimate the strain-life curves from simple tensile data or hardness. Based on results of recent studies, an expert system is developed to estimate with high accuracy fatigue properties (strain-life curves) from simple tensile data or hardness. The expert system is developed by using a commercial expert system shell, Acquire. The expert system consists of two modules, Fatigue Properties Estimation module and Knowledge Base Update module. An important feature of the expert system is to provide results of fatigue properties estimation with information of their anticipated accuracy. The fatigue data used for the performance testing of the expert system are 96 ε-N curves consisting of 663 ε-N data points obtained for 52 materials. The expert system has very good performance for steels, aluminum alloys, and titanium alloys, even when only hardness data are available as well as when simple tensile data are available.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMatériaux$xFatigue$xMachines d'essais$xCongrès.
=650  \0$aHardness$xTesting$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aTesting-machines$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aNanotechnology$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aHardness$xTesting.
=650  \0$aSimple tensile data.
=650  \0$aEstimation method.
=650  \0$aExpert system.
=650  \0$aFatigue properties.
=650  \0$aHardness.
=650  14$aFatigue properties.
=650  24$aEstimation method.
=650  24$aSimple tensile data.
=650  24$aHardness.
=650  24$aUltimate tensile strength estimation.
=650  24$aExpert system.
=700  1\$aSong, Ji-Ho,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101855.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101856
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101856$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101856$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aGV848.35
=082  04$a796.96/2028/9$223
=100  1\$aGranger, Mark S.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aWarnings and Instructions :$bOne of Three Legs on Ice Hockey’s Safety Stool /$cMark S. Granger, Ryan W. Miosek.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (5 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references.
=520  3\$aIce hockey is a fast-moving, action-packed contact sport. With any high-action sport there is a risk of serious personal injury and possibly even death. The combination of fast play, substantial contact, and high speed with good-size force, hard ice, and unyielding boards creates potential for injury. The sport has responded to these factors by controlling and setting rules for play, designing protective equipment to reduce the risk of serious personal injury or death, and providing warnings and instructions both on protective gear and through the amateur leagues and school coaching. This paper will primarily deal with this third leg of the safety stool with a primary emphasis on the warnings and instructions provided on the actual equipment and with accompany materials.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHockey$xAccidents et blessures$xCongrès.
=650  \0$aHockey injuries.
=650  \0$aHockey$xSafety measures.
=650  \0$aWarning habituation.
=650  \0$aStandards.
=650  \0$aSafety.
=650  14$aWarnings and instructions.
=650  24$aWarning habituation.
=650  24$aSafety.
=650  24$aTesting and certification.
=650  24$aStandards.
=700  1\$aMiosek, Ryan W.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101856.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101857
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101857$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101857$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aGV848.3
=082  04$a796.96/2/07$223
=100  1\$aSmith, Aynsley M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aHockey Education Program (HEP) :$bA Statewide Measure of Fair Play, Skill Development, and Coaching Excellence /$cAynsley M. Smith, Mark Jorgenson, Matthew C. Sorenson, David Margenau, Andrew A. Link, Michael MacMillan, Michael J. Stuart.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b34
=520  3\$aFollowing the death of a youth hockey coach in a fight with a parent in 2000, the Mayo Clinic Sports Medicine Center and Minnesota Hockey collaborated to implement a three-component Hockey Education Program (HEP). HEP was initiated in 2003 to ensure youth players develop sportsmanship, skills, and a Fair Play approach to the game. Another goal was to decrease attrition of players, coaches, and officials. Coaching Excellence, a component of HEP, is based on 25 years of youth sport research. The HEP manuals Coaches Who Never Lose and Sports and Your Child contain the philosophy, objectives, and guidelines to ensure implementation of HEP components across players, coaches, and parents. The Skill Development component emphasizes learning age-appropriate hockey skills though skill progression. Increasing the practice-to-game ratio to 3–4 practices per game greatly increases the maximum time players skate with the puck during developmental years. Pre- and post-season Skills Challenges allow coaches, players, and parents to gauge improvement, and structure practices to address identified skill deficits. The Fair Play (FP) component emphasizes sportsmanship. Teams earn a FP point each game if they incur less than a preset number of penalty minutes. A coach receiving a game misconduct or a parent/spectator asked to leave the game will cause the team to forfeit their FP point. FP points are factored into league standings across the state. This past season, 17 678 records of game data were obtained and 25 % (4420) were randomly selected for analysis. The data analysis permits comparison across seasons and changes are made accordingly. Based on four years of data, most Minnesota youth hockey games are played in a sportsmanlike manner. Checking from behind and head contact penalties have decreased since the penalty minutes for these dangerous infractions were increased.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPhysical education and training.
=650  \0$aHockey$xEntraînement.
=650  \0$aÉducation physique.
=650  \0$aHockey$xTraining.
=650  \0$aCoaching excellence.
=650  \0$aProgram.
=650  \0$aEducation.
=650  \0$aSkill development.
=650  \0$aFair play.
=650  14$aHockey.
=650  24$aEducation.
=650  24$aProgram.
=650  24$aFair play.
=650  24$aSkill development.
=650  24$aCoaching excellence.
=700  1\$aJorgenson, Mark,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSorenson, Matthew C.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMargenau, David,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLink, Andrew A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMacMillan, Michael,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aStuart, Michael J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101857.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101859
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101859$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101859$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aGV848.79
=082  04$a796.962/028/4$223
=100  1\$aBigford, Rosanna L.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aExperimental Characterization of Ice Hockey Pucks and Sticks /$cRosanna L. Bigford, Lloyd V. Smith.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aIn spite of the broad popularity of ice hockey, little has been done to characterize the performance of pucks or sticks used in play. Data representative of play conditions is particularly lacking. A high speed impact test was developed to measure the puck impact force and coefficient of restitution. Puck brand, temperature, and speed were all shown to have a measurable effect on the relative puck response. The high speed puck test was modified to measure the performance of hockey sticks. The performance of six wood and 11 composite sticks (including different shaft tapers for each group) were compared to evaluate the effect of modern materials on the game. Stick performance was expressed in terms of the maximum puck speed from an idealized slap shot model. In spite of the popularity of the relatively expensive composite sticks, on average the performance of the wood sticks was 10 % higher than the composite sticks. Shaft loading was found to increase the puck speed but did not significantly change the relative performance of the sticks. In contrast to balls in golf and baseball, puck hardness was shown to have a negligible effect on stick performance.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHockey sticks$xHistory.
=650  \0$aHockey$xEquipment and supplies.
=650  \0$aBâtons de hockey.
=650  \0$aHockey sticks.
=650  \0$aIJshockey.
=650  \0$aPerformance.
=650  \0$aHockey puck.
=650  \0$aHockey stick.
=650  14$aHockey stick.
=650  24$aHockey puck.
=650  24$aPerformance.
=700  1\$aSmith, Lloyd V.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101859.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101862
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101862$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101862$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aPS3623.A865
=082  04$a813/.6$223
=100  1\$aLaPrade, Robert F.,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Prospective Study of Injuries in NCAA Intercollegiate Ice-Hockey Goaltenders /$cRobert F. LaPrade, Coen A. Wijdicks, Stanislav I. Spiridonov.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b21
=520  3\$aWhile relatively well protected and padded, ice-hockey goaltenders are at risk for impact injuries. There is little information regarding the incidence and mechanism of intercollegiate ice-hockey goaltender injuries. We prospectively studied all NCAA ice-hockey goaltender injuries through the Injury Surveillance System. We analyzed the seasons prospectively starting in 2000–2001 and through 2006–2007. Injury rates were calculated per 1000 player games. The overall rate of NCAA men’s ice-hockey goaltender injuries was 0.5/1000 player games. Fifty-six men’s ice-hockey goaltender injuries resulted in further time loss from practices or games. Thirteen injuries resulted in time loss of 1 to 2 days, 18 resulted in time loss of 3–5 days, 10 injuries resulted in time loss of 6–9 days, and 10 injuries resulted in 10 or more days of time loss from competition. The overall rate of NCAA women’s ice-hockey goaltender injuries was 0.72/1000 player games. The most common injuries were nine knee ligament injuries, five on-ice concussions, and four shoulder injuries. Overall, women sustained 23 time-loss game injuries. Five of these resulted in further loss of on-ice practice/game times of 1 day, eight resulted in 3–5 days of time loss, two resulted in 6–9 days of time loss, and seven injuries resulted in 10 or more days of time loss. Further understanding of the etiology of these on-ice goaltender-player contact injuries should assist in the development of possible interventions to reduce the incidence of NCAA ice-hockey goaltender injuries. The current Injury Surveillance System has shortcomings and does not provide us with enough information to evaluate the effectiveness of goalie equipment and the impact that possible rule changes would have on the game. This paper is the first step in analyzing all participants in hockey with anticipation for future rule and equipment optimization and subsequent injury reduction.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHockey injuries$xFiction.
=650  \0$aCrabbing$xFiction.
=650  \0$aPolicewomen$xFiction.
=650  \0$aHockey injuries.
=650  \0$aCrabbing.
=650  \0$aPolicewomen.
=650  \0$aGoalie.
=650  \0$aGoaltender.
=650  \0$aIce hockey.
=650  \0$aInjury.
=650  14$aGoaltender.
=650  24$aGoalie.
=650  24$aIce hockey.
=650  24$aInjury.
=650  24$aNCAA.
=700  1\$aWijdicks, Coen A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSpiridonov, Stanislav I.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101862.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101863
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101863$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101863$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aGV749.H4
=082  04$a796.9620289$223
=100  1\$aGiacomazzi, Amber,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAnalysis of the Impact Performance of Ice Hockey Helmets Using Two Different Test Methodologies /$cAmber Giacomazzi, Terry Smith, Robert Kersey.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b14
=520  3\$aThis paper reports on the results of a study to determine the protective characteristics of ice hockey helmets when tested using two different methodologies. The first methodology involved a traditional monorail drop impact test commonly used in North American ice hockey helmet standards (i.e., ASTM F1045, CSA Z262.1). This involves a guided freefall test onto a flat anvil using an ISO headform fitted with a uniaxial accelerometer at its center of gravity. The second methodology involved striking a Hybrid III head and neck mounted to a linear bearing track with a pendulum impactor. The use of a linear bearing track permitted the Hybrid III headform to move freely following the initial impact. At the distal end of the pendulum, a flat steel anvil was used to represent the impacting object. This configuration was felt to represent a head check from an opposing player, believed to be one of the mechanisms of head injury in ice hockey. Linear and angular acceleration measurements were recorded for all pendulum tests. High speed video was used to capture all headform motion. A total of six different helmet models were evaluated using both test methodologies. Peak linear headform accelerations were compared between helmet models tested using the monorail drop system and the identical helmet model tested using the impact pendulum. The results showed significant differences between helmet models as well as between the two different test methodologies. The implications of these results relative to current ice hockey standards and relative to head injury in ice hockey are discussed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHockey$xEquipment and supplies$xTesting.
=650  \0$aHelmets$xTesting.
=650  \0$aHockey$xSafety measures.
=650  \0$aConcussion.
=650  \0$aHelmet.
=650  \0$aImpact test.
=650  \0$aIce hockey.
=650  14$aIce hockey.
=650  24$aHelmet.
=650  24$aConcussion.
=650  24$aImpact test.
=700  1\$aSmith, Terry,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKersey, Robert,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101863.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101864
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101864$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101864$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aGV848.3B781998
=082  04$a796.962/077$223
=100  1\$aFaught, Brent E.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMeasuring Athlete Exposure and Body Contact Using Time-on-Task Technology in Ice Hockey /$cBrent E. Faught, Joseph Baker, John Cairney, Paul N. Corey, William J. Montelpare, Murray Nystrom.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aIt is common for athlete exposure (AE) and body contact (BC) to be incorrectly estimated in epidemiologic research due to the technical challenges associated with field-based research in ice hockey. Time-on-task technology has shown promise in accurately quantifying AE and BC using computer technology through direct measurement during real time games. The purpose of this prospective cohort study was to adopt time-on-task technology to monitor AE and BC in Atom hockey players who were permitted body checking versus those not allowed to body check. We evaluated 579 boys (age 9–10 year olds) from 42 representative Atom hockey teams over 107 games during the 2003–2004 regular season from five hockey associations using a time-on-task computing program running on a tablet computer. Body checking was allowed in four associations [Northern Ontario Hockey Association (NOHA), Minor Hockey Alliance of Ontario, Ontario Minor Hockey Association, Greater Toronto Hockey League], while one association was non-body checking (HNO). Body contact was 4.5 times greater in the body checking associations versus the non-body checking association per game. No significant difference in mean AE per game was found between body checking and non-body checking associations. However, greater AE was reported in NOHA games compared to the remaining four associations. Conversely, BC in the NOHA was significantly less compared to the remaining body checking associations, but not the HNO. Time-on-task technology was valuable in monitoring AE and BC, accounting for variability in individual players. Expected AE and BC was observed between checking and non-body checking associations. Unexpectedly larger AE in NOHA is attributed to smaller team roster size and longer duration games. Furthermore, decreased BC in NOHA players may be due to smaller roster size intrinsic factors contributing to the inverse relationship between AE and BC. Time-on-task technology is valuable in monitoring AE and BC in Atom ice hockey. This is a practical method of monitoring important aspects of the game.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHockey$xCoaching.
=650  \0$aHockey players$xPsychology.
=650  \0$aCoach-athlete relationships.
=650  \0$aHockey$xEntraînement.
=650  \0$aAthlete exposure.
=650  \0$aRoster size.
=650  \0$aBody contact.
=650  \0$aEpidemiology.
=650  \0$aIce hockey.
=650  14$aTime-on-task technology.
=650  24$aIce hockey.
=650  24$aAthlete exposure.
=650  24$aBody contact.
=650  24$aEpidemiology.
=650  24$aRoster size.
=700  1\$aBaker, Joseph,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aCairney, John,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aCorey, Paul N.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMontelpare, William J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNystrom, Murray,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101864.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101868
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101868$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101868$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA479.S7
=082  04$a620.112$223
=100  1\$aCampagna, Victoria,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Analysis and Control of Distortion in Carbonitrided and Nitrocarburized Thin-Shelled Plain Carbon Steel Automotive Powertrain Components /$cVictoria Campagna, Derek O. Northwood, Randy Bowers, Xichen Sun, Peter Bauerle.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (17 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b27
=520  3\$aGaseous ferritic nitrocarburizing was investigated as a replacement for the carbonitriding process currently used to improve the surface properties of thin-shelled, plain carbon steel automotive powertrain components. Nitrocarburizing can impart a hard, wear-resistant case suitable for light load applications at lower processing temperatures than carbonitriding, thereby potentially reducing size and shape distortions and the associated need for finish grinding. Carbonitriding and gaseous ferritic nitrocarburizing were compared with respect to size and shape distortion, retained austenite, and residual stress values. Testing was performed on a torque converter piston, an automotive powertrain component stamped from a sheet of 3-mm cold-worked SAE 1010 steel. A total of 53 pistons were used. While the heat treatment conditions for the carbonitrided pistons were similar to the current production schedule, conditions for the nitrocarburized pistons incorporated a range of processing times from 2–14 hours and temperatures from 510–605°C (950–1125°F). The results of this work were generally consistent with those from an earlier study involving the use of Navy C-ring specimens. For both the Navy C-rings and torque converter pistons, the nitrocarburizing process gave rise to lower part distortion, but resulted in overall lower compressive residual stress values than in the carbonitrided steel.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aResidual stresses.
=650  \0$aStainless steel$xStress corrosion.
=650  \0$aStainless steel$xWelding.
=650  \0$aStress corrosion.
=650  \0$aRetained austenite.
=650  \0$aCarbonitriding.
=650  \0$aNitrocarburizing.
=650  \0$aDistortion.
=650  \0$aResidual stress.
=650  14$aCarbonitriding.
=650  24$aNitrocarburizing.
=650  24$aDistortion.
=650  24$aResidual stress.
=650  24$aRetained austenite.
=650  24$aSAE 1010 steel.
=700  1\$aNorthwood, Derek O.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBowers, Randy,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSun, Xichen,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBauerle, Peter,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101868.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101870
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101870$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101870$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA404.C3
=082  04$a680$223
=100  1\$aPearsall, David J.,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Longitudinal Study of Ice Hockey Helmet Shelf Life /$cDavid J. Pearsall, Patrick M. Dowler.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (5 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b14
=520  3\$aAfter manufacture and before retail, ice hockey helmets must pass safety standard tests based primarily on multiple impacts at several global sites to receive certification. Unknown is the effective “shelf life” of these products; that is, do material and construction properties deteriorate with aging to a point below the impact criteria for certification? To address this question, a prospective 6 year study has been completed to investigate the effects of aging on hockey helmet impact attenuation. A longitudinal study (2001–2007) was performed on five models of ice hockey helmet to investigate the effects of aging on these helmets’ impact attenuation characteristics. Helmets were tested on the date of manufacture and years two and six (Y0, Y2, and Y6). The five brands (Nike-Bauer-3000, Nike-Bauer-4000, Nike-Bauer-5000, CCM-HT500, and Jofa-690) were evaluated according to ASTM 1045-99 protocol, impacting four sites: the crown, front, rear, and side. All helmets were stored at ambient temperatures 20±4°C and relative humidity between 10 and 50%. Helmets in Y2 and Y6 did not have prior impacts before testing. Peak acceleration (PA, g) and severity index (SI) were calculated for third impacts and compared between years. In general, PA and SI measures remained within safety criteria levels for all helmets and sites during all testing intervals (that is, all met certification standards). Though some specific helmet/site differences were noted, no substantial change in impact attenuation was observed. Visual inspection of helmets postimpact showed no conspicuous damage to liner or shell, though in several instances the binding glue had disintegrated allowing liners to shift or fall away from the shell. From these results, contemporary ice hockey helmets retain their robust impact attenuation characteristics even after several years of storage, though adhesive embrittlement needs to be addressed. Further testing should evaluate the viability of used helmets in a similar prospective manner to ensure safe helmet function.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSafety hats$xStandards$zCanada.
=650  \0$aHelmets$xStandards$zCanada.
=650  \0$aHockey$xEquipment and supplies$xStandards$zCanada.
=650  \0$aShelf life.
=650  \0$aImpact.
=650  14$aHelmet.
=650  24$aAge.
=650  24$aShelf life.
=650  24$aImpact.
=700  1\$aDowler, Patrick M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101870.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101871
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101871$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101871$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN752.Q4
=082  04$a672.3/6$223
=100  1\$aRu, Jilai,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Feasibility Study of the Use of Bismuth Bath to Replace Lead Bath as the Quenching Media for Steel Heat-Treating /$cJilai Ru, Zhirui Wang.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b8
=520  3\$aThe metallurgical feasibility of replacing lead (Pb) bath with bismuth (Bi) bath as quenching media for steel has been investigated. It is found that there is a good consistency in microstructures and hardness, i.e., mechanical properties for specimens quenched in Bi and Pb bath. On the possible side effect of Bi molten on the quality of steels, both the theoretical and experimental results indicate that there is no apparent corrosion or reaction between Bi and steel during quenching operation in Bi bath. Therefore, it can be firmly concluded that replacing Pb bath with Bi bath as quenching media for steel is proven to be practicable.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSteel$xQuenching.
=650  \0$aSteel$xDefects.
=650  \0$aQuenching media.
=650  \0$aBismuth.
=650  \0$aHeat treatment.
=650  14$aBismuth.
=650  24$aQuenching media.
=650  24$aHeat treatment.
=700  1\$aWang, Zhirui,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101871.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101872
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101872$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101872$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRC691
=082  04$a616.1/3$223
=100  1\$aKlein, Andrew J. P.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFeasibility of a Method to Quantify Movement-Induced Conformational Changes in the Superficial Femoral and Popliteal (Femoropopliteal) Arterial Tree Using 3-D Angiography /$cAndrew J. P. Klein, John C. Messenger, Ivan P. Casserly, Adam R. Hansgen, John D. Carroll, S.-Y. James Chen.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b15
=520  3\$aEndovascular revascularization of the superficial femoral and popliteal (femoropopliteal (FP)) artery is currently plagued by high rates of restenosis and stent fracture. One hypothesis behind these suboptimal clinical results implicates the unique physical forces that are applied to the FP segment during daily leg movement. In an effort to elucidate these forces, we applied angiography-based previously validated three-dimensional (3-D) modeling algorithms to angiograms of a FP artery in a patient with peripheral arterial disease. As the FP is the longest artery in the body, overlapping paired angiographic images of the entire FP artery were required. From these pair of two-dimensional angiographic views, individual 3-D FP segments can be generated. A validated fusion process was then performed in order to join these FP segments to form a complete 3-D FP artery. In order to investigate the effects of motion upon this arterial segment, we performed angiography and subsequent 3-D modeling of the FP artery in both the straight-leg (SL) and crossed-leg (CL) positions. In this paper, the methodology used to generate an in vivo FP artery model from sequentially acquired multiple angiographic images is reviewed. The data set from one patient in the SL and CL positions are used to demonstrate the 3-D modeling and fusion processes followed by the computation of various quantitative estimates in order to demonstrate the feasibility of this method. Inclusive in this technique is an assessment of the twist angle that is induced when the FP artery is moved from the SL to the CL position. The authors also submit the validation results for the method of calculating these twist angles as assessed on a metallic phantom and a computer-simulated arterial tree model.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAngiography.
=650  \0$aAorta$xRadiography.
=650  \0$aAortography$xmethods.
=650  \0$aFemoral Artery.
=650  \0$aCatheterization$xmethods.
=650  \0$aDeformation.
=650  \0$aFusion process.
=650  14$a3-D modeling.
=650  24$aFusion process.
=650  24$aFemoropopliteal artery.
=650  24$aDeformation.
=650  24$aQuantitative analysis.
=700  1\$aMessenger, John C.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aCasserly, Ivan P.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHansgen, Adam R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aCarroll, John D.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aChen, S.-Y. James,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101872.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101873
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101873$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101873$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRC683.5.A5
=082  04$a616.1/207572$223
=100  1\$aChen, S. James,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Methodology for Quantifying Deformations in Stented Coronary Arteries Based on Three-Dimensional Angiography /$cS. James Chen, John C. Messenger, John D. Carroll.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b36
=520  3\$aCoronary arteries possess a curvilinear shape as observed in all vascular trees and undergo a cyclical deformation due to their attachment to the myocardium. Implanted stents result in a permanent alternation of the curvilinearity of the artery. It has been hypothesized that the frequently observed straightening effect of stents implies an uneven distribution of forces within the arterial wall, potentially augmenting the injury reaction of the vessel wall and thereby increasing the rate of restenosis. When a target vessel is very tortuous or its shape changes dramatically during the cardiac cycle, the implanted stent may fracture due to complex bending forces induced from the artery movement. Stent fractures have been reported in coronary and pulmonary artery stenting, aortic coarctation, and peripheral vascular stenting such as femoropopliteal artery, renal artery, common iliac artery, and subclavian artery or even nonvascular stenting such as gastrointestinal tract. It is believed that stent fracture is likely to be affected by a large flexion induced from body movement (e.g., such as knee bending or leg crossing) or cyclic flexion subject to cardiac motion. Additionally, stent fracture might be also associated with the high incidence of target lesion revascularization. It is the intent of this paper to propose a methodology to quantify artery deformation subject to cardiac motion and shape alternation caused by device implantation that are applicable today and also generic to other vascular trees created from the same or different imaging modalities. In experiments, two typical human coronary arterial trees are presented, and the validation study by use of intra-coronary marker wires is reported.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAngiocardiography.
=650  \0$aHeart$xRadiography.
=650  \0$aCoronary heart disease$xDiagnosis.
=650  \0$aCoronary Artery Disease$xdiagnosis.
=650  \0$aArtery deformation.
=650  \0$aCoronary angiography.
=650  14$a3D modeling.
=650  24$aCoronary angiography.
=650  24$aArtery deformation.
=650  24$aQuantitative coronary analysis.
=700  1\$aMessenger, John C.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aCarroll, John D.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101873.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101874
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101874$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101874$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA480.N63
=082  04$a620.1/88$223
=100  1\$aPerry, Kenneth E.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFull-Field Measurements of Fracture Initiation and Crack Growth in Superelastic Nitinol /$cKenneth E. Perry, Paul E. Labossiere.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (5 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b2
=520  3\$aWe present results for full-field measurements of crack tip deformation fields in Nitinol using high sensitivity moiré interferometry. Three fatigue loading scenarios are examined illustrating the effect of stress induced martensite transformations at the tip of the crack. Understanding the behavior of fatigue crack growth is paramount to the successful use of this highly complex material response, especially for such application as implantable medical devices. The results demonstrate the sensitivity of heterogeneous phase transformations on the crack growth behavior.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aNickel-titanium-carbon alloys$xTesting.
=650  \0$aMetal-cutting tools$xMaterials.
=650  \0$aHardness$xTesting.
=650  \0$aSuperelastic.
=650  \0$aFracture.
=650  \0$aNitinol.
=650  \0$aFull-field strain.
=650  \0$aMoiré interferometry.
=650  14$aMoiré interferometry.
=650  24$aNitinol.
=650  24$aFracture.
=650  24$aStent.
=650  24$aFull-field strain.
=650  24$aSuperelastic.
=700  1\$aLabossiere, Paul E.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101874.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101877
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101877$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101877$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA404.C3
=082  04$a680$223
=100  1\$aRousseau, P.,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Comparison of Peak Linear and Angular Headform Accelerations Using Ice Hockey Helmets /$cP. Rousseau, A. Post, T. B. Hoshizaki.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b26
=520  3\$aThe objective of this study was to quantify the ability of hockey helmets to manage peak angular and linear acceleration of the center of gravity of a Hybrid III headform at six impact locations and three velocities (5, 7, and 9 m/s). The method was intended to represent a reconstruction of helmet, shoulder, and elbow strikes to the head. Six different ice hockey helmets were impacted using a pneumatic linear impactor at velocities similar to those encountered in ice hockey. The results were then compared to impacts to an unhelmeted headform. The data demonstrated that under certain conditions, peak angular accelerations were above estimated injury thresholds, while peak linear accelerations remained below. This confirmed the importance of measuring peak angular acceleration and peak linear acceleration in order to better predict minor traumatic brain injuries.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSafety hats$xStandards$zCanada.
=650  \0$aHelmets$xStandards$zCanada.
=650  \0$aHockey$xEquipment and supplies$xStandards$zCanada.
=650  \0$aAngular acceleration.
=650  \0$aHelmet.
=650  \0$aIce hockey.
=650  14$aAngular acceleration.
=650  24$aIce hockey.
=650  24$aHelmet.
=650  24$aMTBI.
=700  1\$aPost, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHoshizaki, T. B.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101877.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101878
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101878$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101878$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aPZ7.T82318
=082  04$ajC813/.6$223
=100  1\$aCubos, Jeff,$eauthor.
=245  10$aRelationships among Risk Factors for Concussion in Minor Ice Hockey /$cJeff Cubos, Joseph Baker, Brent Faught, Jim McAuliffe, Michelle L. Keightley , Moira McPherson, Alison Macpherson, Nick Reed, Catrin Duggan, Tim Taha , William J. Montelpare.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b23
=520  3\$aThere is increasing concern among parents, coaches, and officials about injury risk in youth ice hockey, particularly in light of recent evidence suggesting that incidence of serious injury is considerably under reported. However, an adequate method for ascertaining injury risk for concussion does not yet exist. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships among variables measuring exposure and head impact forces in a group of representative level bantam aged hockey players. Across an entire hockey season, trained research assistants attended games and recorded the duration of time spent on the ice for each player (i.e., exposure time) and total number of body contacts using time-on-task software designed specifically for this study. A body contact included any intentional or incidental contact between two players. Collectively, these variables provide a simple, easily administered measure of head injury risk for researchers collecting data in this area. However, their relationship to actual brain trauma is unknown. To this end, head acceleration data were also collected using helmet-based accelerometers that provide measures of linear accelerations experienced by each player. These data were collected by telemetry methods and represent data that are likely very useful for injury researchers but not without sufficient costs. Results demonstrated low associations among the data sources. A method based on combining data sources (through an examination of their potential relationships) is proposed to maximize the potential to identify at-risk youth in minor hockey.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aTeenage hockey players$xFiction.
=650  \0$aTeenagers and death$xJuvenile fiction.
=650  \0$aBrain damage$xJuvenile fiction.
=650  \0$aBrain damage.
=650  \0$aTeenagers and death.
=650  \0$aHealth.
=650  \0$aBrain-injury.
=650  14$aYouth.
=650  24$aBrain-injury.
=650  24$aHealth.
=700  1\$aBaker, Joseph,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFaught, Brent,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMcAuliffe, Jim,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKeightley , Michelle L.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMcPherson, Moira,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMacpherson, Alison,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aReed, Nick,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDuggan, Catrin,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTaha , Tim,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMontelpare, William J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101878.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101879
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101879$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101879$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRC114.5
=082  04$a616/.0194$223
=100  1\$aAnderson, Scott,$eauthor.
=245  10$aReview of Multiaxis Fatigue Testing for Fatigue/Durability of Cardiovascular Medical Devices /$cScott Anderson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aThe use of nitinol stents in the superficial femoral artery (SFA) is becoming commonplace. The SFA is a tortuous biomechanical environment that has challenged the durability of these devices. A thorough understanding of the biomechanical loading environment is necessary to design and evaluate new stents. This paper reports recent methods for use of bench testing as a tool to predict fatigue fracture of stents for complex multimode duty cycles.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCardiovascular Diseases$xetiology.
=650  \0$aCentral Nervous System Diseases$xetiology.
=650  \0$aFatigue Syndrome, Chronic$xetiology.
=650  \0$aStent fracture.
=650  \0$aBench testing.
=650  \0$aFatigue testing.
=650  \0$aFatigue fractures.
=650  14$aFatigue testing.
=650  24$aStent fracture.
=650  24$aFatigue fractures.
=650  24$aBench testing.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101879.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101881
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101881$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101881$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA473
=082  04$a620.1/76$223
=100  1\$aVatavuk, Jan,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Effect of Core and Carburized Surface Microstructural Stability on Residual Stress Evolution during Tempering /$cJan Vatavuk, Mariana Zicari di Monte, Antonio Augusto Couto.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b10
=520  3\$aIt is a well-known fact that compressive residual stresses are developed during the quenching process of carburized parts. The main purpose of this work is related to the tempering effects on as-quenched compressive residual stresses of commercial carburized samples. The work was carried out by using SAE 4120 RH steel samples with different diameters (15 and 38 mm), which led to different cooling rates with a direct effect on the nucleus microstructure. The carburized surface microstructure was considered similar. The 15 mm bars nucleus microstructures were predominantly martensitic but bainitic in the larger samples. The as-quenched surface compressive residual stress was lower in the smaller diameter samples. The compressive residual stress reduction due to increasing tempering temperature was continuous for the larger diameter work piece. The smaller diameter samples had different behaviors in two regions; the compressive stress for lower tempering temperatures was reduced, while values were enhanced over higher temperatures.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSteel$xFatigue$vHandbooks, manuals, etc.
=650  \0$aResidual stresses$vHandbooks, manuals, etc.
=650  \0$aResidual stresses.
=650  \0$aSteel$xFatigue.
=700  1\$adi Monte, Mariana Zicari,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aCouto, Antonio Augusto,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101881.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101882
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101882$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101882$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN752.Q4
=082  04$a672.3/6$223
=100  1\$aWang, R. S.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCorrelation between Cooling Curves Obtained with a Silver Probe and Quenching Properties of 5140 Steel Bars /$cR. S. Wang, Y. Wang, L. P. Su.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b20
=520  3\$aA computational method for the prediction of cooling curves at the center of a steel bar using experimentally measured cooling time-temperature data obtained from a cylindrical silver probe was developed based on nonsteady state heat conduction equations. This method involves: (1) the calculation of the critical size of the steel bar which is defined as the smallest size where no film boiling occurs, and (2) initial state of cooling of the steel bar in the quenchant, and the critical heat transfer coefficient of the quenching medium during nucleate boiling. This method was successfully used to: calculate the cooling curves at different locations within a 5140 steel bar which was quenched in three different quenching media, the hardness distribution, and French’s n and C values. The calculated data were validated against experimentally measured data. Using this method, it was shown that the critical heat transfer coefficient between the quenching medium and the steel bar is less than the critical heat transfer coefficient between the quenching medium and the silver probe. A logarithmic relationship between these two coefficients was established which can be used to simplify the calculations.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSteel$xQuenching.
=650  \0$aSteel$xDefects.
=650  \0$aCooling curve.
=650  \0$aSilver probe.
=650  \0$aPrediction.
=650  \0$aQuenchant.
=650  14$aSilver probe.
=650  24$aQuenchant.
=650  24$aCooling curve.
=650  24$aPrediction.
=700  1\$aWang, Y.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSu, L. P.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101882.htm

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=001  JAI101883
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101883$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101883$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aGV749.H4
=082  04$a796.9620289$223
=100  1\$aHoshizaki, T. B.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aImpact Attenuation Characteristics of Thin Walled Collapsible Air Chambers for Use in Protective Helmets /$cT. B. Hoshizaki, A. Post.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aFor the past 40 years, helmets have primarily used expanded polystyrene, vinyl nitrile, and expanded polypropylene foams for impact attenuation. Even though the packaging industry has investigated a variety of structures for impact management, the helmet industry has been slow to adopt these types of innovations. More recently, engineered structures have been developed and introduced for use in the helmet industry. This study was intended to describe the impact characteristics of a thin walled collapsible air chambers designed to be used in sport helmets. This study investigated three structures: rigid walls, a chamber with rigid walls and a vent, and a chamber with rigid walls and no vent. Each structure was impacted with a 5 kg weight at three velocities: 1.9, 2.8, and 3.4 m/s. The three structures were also made using two materials of different stiffnesses. Analysis of the results revealed that the effect of the walls, vent, and material stiffness interacted to produce effective energy management. The results demonstrated that by changing the material stiffness, wall thickness, and vent diameter the performance of the chambers can be engineered to effectively manage different levels of energy.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHockey$xEquipment and supplies$xTesting.
=650  \0$aHelmets$xTesting.
=650  \0$aHockey$xSafety measures.
=650  \0$aHockey injuries$xPrevention.
=650  \0$aImpact attenuation.
=650  \0$aEngineered materials.
=650  \0$aHelmet impact foams.
=650  14$aHelmet impact foams.
=650  24$aEngineered materials.
=650  24$aImpact attenuation.
=700  1\$aPost, A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101883.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101884
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101884$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101884$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aGV749.H4
=082  04$a796.9620289$223
=100  1\$aLamb, L.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDevelopment of a new methodology capable of characterizing the contribution of a controlled venting system to impact attenuation in chamber structures for head protection /$cL. Lamb, A. Post, T. B. Hoshizaki.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b17
=520  3\$aCurrently, ice hockey helmet technologies are based mainly around foam energy absorbers. There is a need in the head protection industry for improved designs, capable of protecting the brain under a wide range of impact conditions. Air chambers are new, thin-walled collapsible energy absorber structures which have the potential to replace or to be used in conjunction with current helmet technology. The chambers consist of several engineering parameters, each of which needs to be examined to understand its mechanical response under impacts. This study was designed to investigate a new methodology capable of investigating the air venting system. This research thereby analyzed the role the chamber’s controlled air release device plays in managing impact energy. The results demonstrated that, as the air chamber approaches the critical failure region, the air released though the controlled vent can prevent larger peak forces. This research identified that an engineered thin-walled collapsible chamber does use air as a mechanism to absorb impacting force.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHockey$xEquipment and supplies$xTesting.
=650  \0$aHelmets$xTesting.
=650  \0$aHockey$xSafety measures.
=650  \0$aHead$xWounds and injuries$xPrevention.
=650  \0$aAir chamber.
=650  \0$aEnergy absorber.
=650  \0$aHelmet.
=650  \0$aIce hockey.
=650  14$aEnergy absorber.
=650  24$aAir chamber.
=650  24$aIce hockey.
=650  24$aHelmet.
=650  24$aMTBI.
=700  1\$aPost, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHoshizaki, T. B.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101884.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101890
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101890$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101890$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQP303
=082  04$a612/.76$223
=100  1\$aCoulson, N. R.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aTranslational and Rotational Accelerations Generated During Reconstructed Ice Hockey Impacts on a Hybrid III Head Form /$cN. R. Coulson, S. G. Foreman, T. B. Hoshizaki.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b17
=520  3\$aIn this study, the relationship between flagrant impacts to the head and peak translational and rotational accelerations in reconstructed ice hockey impacts was examined. A Hybrid III head-neck complex attached to a sliding table and equipped with nine accelerometers was fitted with an ice hockey helmet and impacted under various striking conditions through the head form’s center of mass. Eight right-hand-dominant male ice hockey players carried out three maximal impacts for each of the striking techniques, and peak translational and rotational accelerations were measured. It was found that the highest mean translational and rotational accelerations were generated during the slashing trials to a static head form (138 g and 14,100 rad/s2, respectively), while the lowest mean translational and rotational accelerations were produced in the static crosschecking (26.5 g) and moving crosschecking trials (2,260 rad/s2), respectively. The reconstruction of illegal impacts reflecting flagrant fouls in ice hockey can generate peak translational and rotational accelerations great enough to cause concussive injuries. Accordingly, these types of injurious infractions must be prevented.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aImpact$xPhysiological effect.
=650  \0$aSports$xPhysiological aspects.
=650  \0$aWork$xPhysiological aspects.
=650  \0$aBiomechanik.
=650  \0$aSport.
=650  \0$aImpact.
=650  \0$aIce hockey.
=650  14$aIce hockey.
=650  24$aMTBI.
=650  24$aImpact.
=650  24$aTranslational acceleration.
=650  24$aRotational acceleration.
=700  1\$aForeman, S. G.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHoshizaki, T. B.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101890.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101893
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101893$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101893$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK7870.15
=082  04$a621.381/046$223
=100  1\$aHens, Hugo S. L. C.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aVapor Permeability Measurements :$bImpact of Cup Sealing, Edge Correction, Flow Direction, and Mean Relative Humidity /$cHugo S. L. C. Hens.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aWater vapor permeability is a basic hygrothermal characteristic of a porous material. At first sight, the cup test used for measuring the property looks simple. Conditions to be fulfilled, however, are that the vapor flow crosses the sample only, is one-dimensional, and that flow direction has no impact on the result. Flow through the sample only demands a perfectly vapor-tight edge-high seal between sample and cup. That condition was tested using different sealing solutions. The results learned that more precautions than expected were needed. If the flow is not one-dimensional, for example, because such perfect seal is only realizable for a sample larger than the cup mouth, an edge correction must be applied to the value measured. As far as direction is concerned, measurements on a couple of hygroscopic materials gave different vapor permeability results for inward and outward flows. Long-lasting sorption after a fast initial hygroscopic moisture uptake appeared to be the reason for that. Dry, wet, and very wet cup testing shows that vapor permeability of hygroscopic materials increases with relative humidity. Some attribute that effect to surface flow from higher to lower relative humidity in the adsorbed water layers once beyond 50 % relative humidity. If that hypothesis was correct, apparent vapor permeability of hygroscopic layers, in situations where partial water vapor pressure and relative humidity gradients oppose, should be much lower than that measured with a wet cup. During the cold season opposing gradients are present in assemblies with a hygroscopic layer at the outside, covered by a vapor retarding finish. Yet, hot box testing on that kind of assemblies did not reveal vapor permeabilities lower than the wet cup value, although interstitial condensation between the hygroscopic and vapor retarding layer was a fact.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aElectronic packaging.
=650  \0$aElectronics$xMaterials$xPermeability.
=650  \0$aSealing (Technology)
=650  \0$aHazardous substances.
=650  \0$aCorrections.
=650  \0$aCup test.
=650  \0$aVapor permeability.
=650  14$aVapor permeability.
=650  24$aCup test.
=650  24$aCorrections.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101893.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101897
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101897$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101897$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA645
=082  04$a624.1/7$223
=100  1\$aLucon, Enrico,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAnalysis of the Belgian Surveillance Fracture Toughness Database Using Conventional and Advanced Master Curve Approaches /$cEnrico Lucon, Marc Scibetta, Robert Gérard.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aThe “classical” regulatory approach to the analysis of surveillance capsules in nuclear power plants entails an indirect estimate of the fracture toughness of the beltline materials, by inferring rather than measuring their toughness properties. Indeed, the irradiation-induced shift of the fracture toughness curve is assumed to be equal to the shift of the Charpy absorbed energy transition curve at a predefined level (41 J). An alternative surveillance approach, primarily based on direct fracture toughness measurements in the ductile-to-brittle transition region using the Master Curve procedure, has been applied to surveillance materials from several Belgian nuclear power plants in the past 15 years. This has led to the establishment of a significant database, consisting of 292 fracture toughness data points for 23 material conditions (unirradiated materials and surveillance capsules). In this study, different temperature normalization approaches are applied to the available data. The analyses show that data clearly follow the Master Curve formalism. Moreover, it is confirmed that both the static (KIc) and the dynamic (KIR) curves of the ASME Code Section XI provide an effective lower bound to the measured results, although more conservatism is evident when using RTNDT as the normalization parameter. Both the conventional (ASTM E1921-08, ‘‘Standard Test Method for Determination of Reference Temperature, T0, for Ferritic Steels in the Transition Range’’) and advanced (Multi-Modal) Master Curve analyses of the database clearly demonstrate that normalizing data by (T−RTT0) provides the best rationalization of the available information and the most effective representation of the experimental scatter.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFracture mechanics.
=650  \0$aMaterials$xFatigue.
=650  \0$aStructural analysis (Engineering)
=650  \0$aMaster Curve.
=650  \0$aFracture toughness.
=650  \0$aSurveillance capsules.
=650  14$aSurveillance capsules.
=650  24$aFracture toughness.
=650  24$aDuctile-to-brittle transition region.
=650  24$aMaster Curve.
=650  24$aMulti-Modal Master Curve.
=700  1\$aScibetta, Marc,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGérard, Robert,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101897.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101898
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101898$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101898$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aGV749.H4
=082  04$a796.9620289$223
=100  1\$aBishop, Patrick J.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPreliminary Evaluation of Selected Hockey Equipment Tested according to EN TS15256 :$bProtective Clothing—Hand, Arm, Leg, Genital, and Neck Protectors for Use in Ice Hockey—Protectors for Players Other than Goalkeepers—Requirements and Test Methods /$cPatrick J. Bishop.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b3
=520  3\$aSeveral randomly selected models of three types of protective equipment for ice hockey, protective cups, shoulder pads, and shin pads, were tested according to CEN/TS 15256. Three of the nine models of genital protectors, three of the four models of shoulder pads, and four of the fifteen models of shin pads exceeded the threshold limits defined in the Technical Specification. However, these results were not well correlated with injury data to these regions of the body as provided by Hockey Canada. It would appear that the test protocols stated in TS 15256 are not reflective of the reality of the game of ice hockey and if used are likely to drive very adequately functioning equipment from the hockey market. Substantial changes to the test methods must be considered as standards and technical specifications, or both, for personal protective equipment for ice hockey are developed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHockey$xEquipment and supplies$xTesting.
=650  \0$aHelmets$xTesting.
=650  \0$aHockey$xSafety measures.
=650  \0$aHockey injuries$xPrevention.
=650  \0$aEquipment standards.
=650  \0$aHockey equipment.
=650  14$aHockey equipment.
=650  24$aPersonal protective equipment.
=650  24$aEquipment standards.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101898.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101903
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101903$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101903$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA479.S7
=082  04$a620.1/7$223
=100  1\$aMancio, M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aElectrochemical and in-situ SERS Study of Passive Film Characteristics and Corrosion Performance of 9%Cr Microcomposite Steel in Highly Alkaline Environments /$cM. Mancio, G. Kusinski, P. J. M. Monteiro, T. M. Devine.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b32
=520  3\$aThe passive films formed on the 9%Cr, 0.1%C, microcomposite steels (ASTM A1035) in highly alkaline environments, such as concrete pore solutions, were studied. In-situ surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) was conducted during cyclic potentiodynamic polarization experiments to characterize the formation and breakdown mechanisms of the passive films formed. A solution of 0.55 M KOH + 0.16 M NaOH, with and without chlorides (0 % and 3.5 % NaCl), was used for the SERS experiments. In addition, the corrosion performance of microcomposite steels as a function of pH (9–13) and ionic strength of the solution (from 10-5 to 10-1 M) was evaluated via polarization resistance (Rp) experiments, and compared to the performance of regular carbon steel. Results show that the passive film formed on the microcomposite steel seems to be characterized mainly by the presence of Cr(OH)3 and minor amounts of Fe species; more specifically Fe3O4 and a Fe(III) phase. The film is considerably more protective than that formed on conventional carbon steel under the same test conditions. Microcomposite steel has not shown a reduction of polarization resistance as a function of pH drop when the ionic strength of the medium was kept constant, in a stark contrast to the behavior verified for the regular carbon steel rebar.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCorrosion and anti-corrosives.
=650  \0$aStainless steel$xCorrosion.
=650  \0$aConcrete.
=650  \0$aCorrosion.
=650  \0$aMartensitic steels.
=650  14$aIn-situ surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy.
=650  24$aMartensitic steels.
=650  24$aCorrosion.
=650  24$aConcrete.
=650  24$aASTM A1035.
=700  1\$aKusinski, G.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMonteiro, P. J. M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDevine, T. M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101903.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101908
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101908$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101908$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aGV749.H4
=082  04$a796.9620289$223
=100  1\$aMcPherson, Moira N.,$eauthor.
=245  13$aAn Analysis of Head Impact Profiles and Safe Hockey Behaviors in Youth Hockey Players /$cMoira N. McPherson, William J. Montelpare, Michelle Keightley, Nicholas Reed, Malcolm Sutherland, Tim Taha, Jim McAuliffe, Joseph R. Baker, Jeff Cubos, Brent Faught.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b17
=520  3\$aAlthough injury risk factors can be described in biomechanical terms, previous research has not described the relationship between style of play and the frequency and magnitude of head impacts. This paper is focused on the analysis of head impact profiles and safe hockey behaviors demonstrated during contact situations in a cohort of 13 Bantam-aged minor hockey players. Head impacts sustained at 27 home games during the 2006–2007 season were measured using the Head Impact Telemetry System (HITS). Hockey helmets (Canadian Standards Association approved) were equipped with six linear accelerometers and a wireless system that transmitted data to a receiver interfaced with a computer. Nine games were recorded using a field videography system to capture player collisions. A HITS profile was determined, which included the number of impacts (>10 g) (“g”=m/sec2) by player, the total number of impacts, the average number of impacts per game, and the mean linear acceleration value for all impacts per player. Based on these results, ten taped trials for the players sustaining greater than 180 total impacts over the season were qualitatively analyzed using a checklist to examine the safe hockey behaviors associated with body contacts. We captured 2753 head impacts over the season, with the average number of impacts per player per game ranging from 3 to 16 with a mean linear acceleration of 15.8 g (standard deviation=13.76). The checklist of safe hockey behaviors was used to analyze skating performance for a group of five players who experienced more than 180 impacts, with some impact magnitudes exceeding 98 g. In general, differences in indicators of skating skill, body position prior to check/contact, and actions during the contact were observed. While specific players may be predisposed to head impacts of a greater frequency and magnitude because of their style of play, these characteristics can be changed to reduce risk of potential injury.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHockey$xEquipment and supplies$xTesting.
=650  \0$aHelmets$xTesting.
=650  \0$aHockey$xSafety measures.
=650  \0$aHead$xWounds and injuries$xPrevention.
=650  \0$aLinear acceleration.
=650  \0$aInjury risk factors.
=650  \0$aHead impact.
=650  14$aHead impact.
=650  24$aInjury risk factors.
=650  24$aLinear acceleration.
=650  24$aQualitative video analysis.
=700  1\$aMontelpare, William J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKeightley, Michelle,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aReed, Nicholas,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSutherland, Malcolm,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTaha, Tim,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMcAuliffe, Jim,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBaker, Joseph R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aCubos, Jeff,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFaught, Brent,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101908.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101912
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101912$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101912$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA445.5
=082  04$a624.2028/4$223
=100  1\$aLongo, D.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aRelative Resistance of Silicone and Si-Hybrid Based Sealants to Alternating Periods of Accelerated Weathering and Thermo-Mechanical Movements /$cD. Longo, P. Vandereecken.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b7
=520  3\$aSealants used in weatherseal applications are subject to both environmental and mechanical aging during their service life. Environmental aging consists of interaction with sunlight, rain, or moisture, and other atmospheric agents such as ozone. Mechanical aging is linked to the expansion and contraction of the different substrates (glass, concrete…) due to temperature variations. In order to assess the durability of sealants, the ISO 11600 norm includes separate tests for movement capability (ISO 9047) and UV irradiation (ISO 11431) but no combinations of those tests. In 1991, the RILEM TC139-DBS “Durability of Building Sealants” was created to develop new and more adapted testing. The testing proposed by this comity, was a combination of accelerated weathering (humidity and UV) combined with thermo-mechanical cycling. This study compares the durability of silicone sealants and newly developed Si-modified organic based sealants using alternated cycles of ISO 11431 and ISO 9047 during a one year period. Results show that most Si-modified organic will show limited durability in weatherseal applications mostly because of poor UV resistance. Newly developed Si-organic based sealants tested during this work show excellent UV resistance but poor elastic recovery after compression at high temperature (70 °C). This poor elastic recovery limits their long term movement capability. However, good durability can be expected with designs leading to lower movement capability than those obtained from the ISO 11600 testing.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCorrosion resistant steel.
=650  \0$aStainless steel.
=650  \0$aWeathering steel.
=650  \0$aAlloy steel.
=650  \0$aCorrosion resistance.
=650  \0$aBridge decks.
=650  \0$aHybrid.
=650  \0$aResistance.
=650  \0$aSilicone.
=650  \0$aWeathering.
=650  \0$aThermo-mechanical.
=650  \0$aWeatherseal.
=650  \0$aDurability.
=650  14$aDurability.
=650  24$aWeatherseal.
=650  24$aResistance.
=650  24$aSilicone.
=650  24$aHybrid.
=650  24$aWeathering.
=650  24$aThermo-mechanical.
=700  1\$aVandereecken, P.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101912.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101913
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101913$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101913$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aGV749.H4
=082  04$a796.9620289$223
=100  1\$aLucenko, Leonard K.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aIce Hockey Facility Safety :$bLitigated Case Studies Involving Ice Hockey Injuries /$cLeonard K. Lucenko.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b23
=520  3\$aThis paper will discuss the duties facility owners and operators owe participants and spectators in the ice skating and ice hockey environment. These duties have been established by case law, standards in the industry, and the safety and risk management literature in sports and recreation. There will also be a discussion of court cases that illustrate the importance of incorporating risk management principles and industry standards into operating procedures. The consequences, when these principles are not followed, will also be addressed based on results of litigated cases.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHockey$xEquipment and supplies$xTesting.
=650  \0$aHelmets$xTesting.
=650  \0$aHockey$xSafety measures.
=650  \0$aHockey injuries$xPrevention.
=650  \0$aInjuries.
=650  \0$aRisk management.
=650  \0$aFacility.
=650  \0$aIce hockey.
=650  \0$aLiability.
=650  \0$aSafety.
=650  14$aSafety.
=650  24$aFacility.
=650  24$aLiability.
=650  24$aInjuries.
=650  24$aRisk management.
=650  24$aIce hockey.
=650  24$aInspection and maintenance procedures.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101913.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101922
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101922$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101922$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN775
=082  04$a669.722$223
=100  1\$aChun-huai, Chen,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAnalysis of the Segerberg Hardening Power Equation /$cChen Chun-huai, Zhou Jing-en.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b6
=520  3\$aCooling curves of ten different quenching oils were obtained and the hardness of test specimens quenched in these oils was determined. It was shown that the hardening power calculated from the Segerberg equation provided better agreement with test results than the transition temperature from vapor stage (full-film boiling) to the nucleate boiling stage and the maximum cooling rate. The hardening power equation also provided better agreement with respect to hardness for carbon steel than for alloy steel. The development of revised hardening power equations for carbon and alloy steels showed that there is an alloy-dependent optimal quenching temperature range, and it was concluded that the newly developed equations reported here are superior to the single equation previously published by Segerberg to quantify the quench severity provided by a quenching oil. A methodology to assess data set correlation is proposed and illustrated.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAluminum alloys$xHeat treatment.
=650  \0$aPrecipitation hardening.
=650  \0$aAluminum alloys$xQuenching.
=650  \0$aCooling curve.
=650  \0$aSegerberg equation.
=650  \0$aHardening power.
=650  \0$aQuenchants.
=650  14$aQuenchants.
=650  24$aCooling curve.
=650  24$aHardening power.
=650  24$aSegerberg equation.
=700  1\$aJing-en, Zhou,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101922.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101925
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101925$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101925$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTS227.2
=082  04$a620.1/7$223
=100  1\$aViehrig, Hans-Werner,$eauthor.
=245  10$aInvestigation of Beltline Welding Seam of the Greifswald WWER-440 Unit 1 Reactor Pressure Vessel /$cHans-Werner Viehrig, Jan Schuhknecht, Udo Rindelhardt, Frank-Peter Weiss.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b17
=520  3\$aThe investigation of reactor pressure vessel (RPV) materials from decommissioned nuclear power plants (NPP) offers the unique opportunity to scrutinize the irradiation behavior under real conditions. The paper describes the investigation of trepans taken from the decommissioned WWER-440 RPVs of the Greifswald NPP. The key part of the testing is aimed at the determination of the reference temperature T0 following the ASTM Test Standard E1921 to determine the fracture toughness of the RPV steel in different thickness locations. In a first step, the trepan taken from the RPV Greifswald Unit 1 containing the multilayer welding seam located in the beltline region was investigated. This welding seam represents the irradiated, recovery annealed, and reirradiated condition. It is shown that the Master Curve approach as adopted in ASTM E1921 is applicable to the investigated original WWER-440 weld metal. The evaluated T0 varies through the thickness of the welding seam. After an initial increase of T0 from 10°C at the inner surface to 49°C at 22 mm distance from it, T0 decreases to −32°C at a distance of 70 mm, finally increasing again to 61°C near the outer RPV wall. The lowest T0 value was measured in the root region of the welding seam representing a uniform fine grain ferritic structure. The highest T0 of the weld seam was not measured at the inner wall surface. This is important for the assessment of ductile-to-brittle temperatures measured on subsize Charpy specimens made of weld metal compact samples removed from the inner RPV wall. Our findings imply that these samples do not represent the most conservative condition. Nevertheless, the Charpy transition temperature, TT41J, estimated with results of subsize specimens after the recovery annealing, was confirmed by the testing of standard Charpy V-notch specimens.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aStainless steel$xMetallurgy.
=650  \0$aStainless steel$xWelding.
=650  \0$aMetallurgie.
=650  \0$aMaster Curve.
=650  \0$aWeld metal.
=650  \0$aFracture toughness.
=650  \0$aTrepans.
=650  \0$aIntegrity assessment.
=650  14$aRussian WWER-type reactor.
=650  24$aReactor pressure vessel steel.
=650  24$aBeltline welding seam.
=650  24$aWeld metal.
=650  24$aTrepans.
=650  24$aFracture toughness.
=650  24$aMaster Curve.
=650  24$aIntegrity assessment.
=700  1\$aSchuhknecht, Jan,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRindelhardt, Udo,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWeiss, Frank-Peter,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101925.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101927
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101927$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101927$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA439
=082  04$a620.1/36$223
=100  1\$aKoehler, Eric P.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aComparison of Workability Test Methods for Self-Consolidating Concrete /$cEric P. Koehler, David W. Fowler.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (19 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b25
=520  3\$aData from two research projects were analyzed to evaluate the suitability of seven empirical workability test methods for self-consolidating concrete (SCC)—namely, the column segregation test, J-ring test, L-box test, penetration apparatus test, sieve stability test, slump flow test, and V-funnel test. The results of these empirical tests were compared to rheometer measurements. Test methods were evaluated based on (1) the extent to which each method independently indicated filling ability, passing ability, or segregation resistance and (2) the ease and simplicity with which each test method can be used on a routine basis in the laboratory or the field. The data set consisted of 286 SCC mixtures incorporating a range of materials, mixture proportions, and workability characteristics. It was determined that the slump flow test should be used for filling ability, the J-ring test for passing ability, and the column segregation test or sieve stability test for segregation resistance.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aConcrete.
=650  \0$aDeformation.
=650  \0$aTest methods.
=650  \0$aRheology.
=650  \0$aWorkability.
=650  14$aSelf-consolidating concrete.
=650  24$aRheology.
=650  24$aWorkability.
=650  24$aTest methods.
=700  1\$aFowler, David W.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101927.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101928
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101928$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101928$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN672
=082  04$a671.3/6$223
=100  1\$aRudnev, Valery,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSpray Quenching in Induction Hardening Applications /$cValery Rudnev.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b10
=520  3\$aThis article discusses the subtleties of spray quenching in induction surface hardening (case hardening) and selective hardening applications utilizing scanning and single-shot heating modes. Computer modeling provides the ability to predict how different factors may impact the transient and final heat-treating conditions of the workpiece and what must be accomplished in the design of the induction heating system to improve the effectiveness of the process and guarantee the desired results. One of the major features of computation of induction hardening processes deals with the specifics of modeling, i.e., both heating and quenching stages that can often be overlapped in time. Water or water-based polymers are the most popular types of quenchants used with induction hardening. Results of computer modeling of different induction hardening applications, using Inductoheat's proprietary finite element codes, are presented here as well.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aInduction hardening.
=650  \0$aComputer modeling.
=650  \0$aHardening.
=650  \0$aInduction heating.
=650  \0$aSpray quenching.
=650  \0$aSteel heat treating.
=650  \0$aDistortion.
=650  \0$aInductor.
=650  \0$aAxle shaft.
=650  \0$aCrankshaft.
=650  14$aInduction heating.
=650  24$aHardening.
=650  24$aInductor.
=650  24$aDistortion.
=650  24$aSpray quenching.
=650  24$aComputer modeling.
=650  24$aCrankshaft.
=650  24$aAxle shaft.
=650  24$aSteel heat treating.
=650  24$a“cold sink” effect.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101928.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101932
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101932$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101932$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA772
=082  04$a624.1/834$223
=100  1\$aGubbels, Frederic,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAdhesion Development of Organic and Silicone Sealants on Wet and Dry Concrete /$cFrederic Gubbels, Clementine Calvet.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aReliability of a sealed joint is directly related to the durability of its adhesion to the substrate. The presence of moisture on the surface of porous substrates caused by changing weather conditions prior to the application of sealants, such as the wetting of concrete by rainfall, can lead to poor sealed joint durability due to adhesion loss. In an attempt to better understand this mechanism, a method of testing adhesion of sealants on wet concrete has been developed and the effect of changes in surface conditions on sealant adhesion has been evaluated during the various drying phases identified for concrete. In the first 2 h of drying, a significant reduction of the pH at the surface is observed, which is mirrored with a reduction of the surface humidity. Both of these properties seem to have reached their plateau value within that timeframe, but in the following hours of the drying process the concrete continues to lose weight through water evaporation. Sealants based on different chemistries have been applied at various stages of the drying process (t = 0, 0.33, 2, 8, 24, 56 h) showing that the critical time period affecting the development of adhesion is within the first 2 h of concrete drying. This indicates that the alkalinity, surface moisture, on both, are the major factors responsible for the poor adhesion obtained on wet porous substrates and this is also the same for adhesion development of a primer on the substrate. The different sealant technologies evaluated in this program were silicones, urethanes, acrylics, silyl-terminated polyether, and silyl-terminated polyurethanes. In terms of adhesion development on wet concrete, the results highlight that the differences are more related to formulation within a sealant family than to the binder chemistry itself.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aConcrete construction$xTesting.
=650  \0$aAnchors (Structural connectors)
=650  \0$aAdhesion.
=650  \0$aBond strength (Materials)
=650  \0$aBridge anchorages.
=700  1\$aCalvet, Clementine,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101932.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101933
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101933$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101933$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQR92.S8
=082  04$a589.9$223
=100  1\$aHaddad, Rami H.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPerformance of Fibrous Concrete under Sulfate Cyclic Treatment /$cRami H. Haddad, Abeer T. Andrawes.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aAn experimental study was undertaken to investigate the potential of using steel fibers in controlling expansion and reducing damage of concrete under cyclic treatment in a sulfate solution. Cylindrical (100 × 200 mm) and prism (70 × 70 × 300 mm) concrete specimens were prepared without and with different volumetric fractions (0.5–2 %) of hooked steel (HS), brass-coated steel (BCS), or a blend of both fibers, before being cured for three weeks, and subjected to sulfate cyclic treatment in 5 % Na2SO4 solution for about 4 months. Throughout the treatment period, cracking initiation and development were monitored and expansion-time history established for the concrete prisms whereas compressive mechanical properties of the concrete cylinders were obtained and compared to those of controls. Fibrous concrete mixtures experienced less expansion and cracking extent under sulfate cyclic treatment as compared to those of plain concrete. HS at volumetric fractions of 1 to 2 % contributed more to reducing expansion and delaying cracking as compared to that of BCS fibers. Under sulfate cyclic treatment, concrete mixtures with fibers showed higher residuals for compressive strength, modulus of elasticity, toughness, and the strain at peak stress as compared to those of plain concrete. The statistical model developed for predicting the residual compressive strength as a function of induced strain, fiber type, and content showed excellent fit of the data used. Use of steel fibers in concrete contributes to maintaining its mechanical properties and elongates its lifetime in structures that are located in sulfate contaminated environments.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBacteria, Anaerobic$xmetabolism.
=650  \0$aEcology.
=650  \0$aOxidation-Reduction.
=650  \0$aDamage.
=650  \0$aFibers.
=650  \0$aSulfates.
=650  14$aSulfates.
=650  24$aFibers.
=650  24$aDamage.
=700  1\$aAndrawes, Abeer T.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101933.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101944
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101944$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101944$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTE7
=082  04$a620.1/35$223
=100  1\$aRadlinska, Aleksandra,$eauthor.
=245  10$aComments on the Interpretation of Results from the Restrained Ring Test /$cAleksandra Radlinska, Brooks Bucher, Jason Weiss.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b32
=520  3\$aThe restrained ring test has recently been standardized (ASTM C1581-04) as a test method to assess the restrained shrinkage cracking susceptibility of a concrete mixture. Unfortunately, there is currently a lack of published information regarding the repeatability of the test. This paper quantifies the variability of the ASTM C1581-04 ring test procedure. To determine the repeatability of the standard test, 24 restrained ring specimens were cast from the same mortar mixture and stored in carefully controlled environmental conditions. Results from the restrained ring test were assessed using the same mixture proportions. The results indicate that a standard deviation of approximately 6 με can be expected in the strain measurements from the same mixture and 8 με from different batches of the same mixture. The total coefficient of variation observed was less than 12 % (within single mixture and between different batches). A probabilistic approach was used to describe the variability associated with the age of cracking and to provide a tool that allows cracking prediction, especially when only a fraction of the ring specimens crack.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBase course (Pavements)
=650  \0$aFreeze thaw tests.
=650  \0$aShrinkage.
=650  \0$aCracking.
=650  \0$aRestrained ring test.
=650  \0$aProbability.
=650  14$aCracking.
=650  24$aProbability.
=650  24$aRestrained ring test.
=650  24$aShrinkage.
=700  1\$aBucher, Brooks,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWeiss, Jason,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101944.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101946
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101946$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101946$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP988
=082  04$a620.1/99$223
=100  1\$aBull, Errol D.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aLong-Term Outdoor Weathering Study of Construction Sealants /$cErrol D. Bull, Gary M. Lucas.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (24 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references.
=520  3\$aLong-term weather resistance is an important factor to consider when selecting a sealant product for use as an exterior weatherseal for construction applications. The weathering performance of sealants used in these applications can be dependent upon sealant type, sealant chemistry, product formulation, building location, climate, and joint orientation, among other factors. This paper compares and shows the long-term performance of three construction sealant types: silicone, polyurethane, and acrylic terpolymer. Performance attributes such as toughness, flexibility, adhesion, and physical degradation (i.e., reversion, cracking, hardness, etc.) are compared after a 22 year exposure to outdoor weathering in South Florida.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSealants$xHistory.
=650  \0$aSealants.
=650  \0$aSealing compounds.
=650  \0$aPolyurethane.
=650  \0$aSilicone.
=650  \0$aOutdoor weathering.
=650  \0$aAdhesion.
=650  \0$aAcrylic terpolymer.
=650  \0$aHardness.
=650  \0$aToughness.
=650  \0$aDurability.
=650  \0$aElastic recovery.
=650  \0$aFlexibility.
=650  14$aDurability.
=650  24$aOutdoor weathering.
=650  24$aSilicone.
=650  24$aPolyurethane.
=650  24$aAcrylic terpolymer.
=650  24$aHardness.
=650  24$aFlexibility.
=650  24$aAdhesion.
=650  24$aElastic recovery.
=650  24$aToughness.
=700  1\$aLucas, Gary M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101946.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101948
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101948$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101948$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aHD9539.M33
=082  04$a338.2/74629/0973$223
=100  1\$aWootton, M. R.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMagnox Steel Reactor Pressure Vessel Monitoring Schemes—An Overview /$cM. R. Wootton, R. Moskovic, C. J. Bolton, P. E. J. Flewitt.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b33
=520  3\$aThe steel pressure vessel Magnox reactors were designed in the 1950s and were made from C–Mn plate steel and forgings welded together using a mixture of submerged-arc and manual metal arc weld metals. Each reactor contained surveillance capsules with specimens of plate steel, forgings, and the different weld metals to monitor the effects of irradiation on the Charpy impact and tensile properties. Canisters were withdrawn over the operating life and measurements were taken. During the lifetime of the fleet, there were developments in testing, observed changes in properties, and understanding of the radiation damage process that challenged the safety cases to support the operation of the stations. At the time the reactors were designed, the concept of fracture toughness was only beginning to be investigated, yet during the lifetime of the stations, fracture toughness testing was successfully adopted as standard practice as an input to fracture mechanics based assessment of the steel vessels. Both hardening and non-hardening embrittlements, the latter due to impurity phosphorus segregation in weld metal, were successfully addressed. At a relatively late stage the contribution of “thermal neutrons” to embrittlement was identified as being significant and was successfully incorporated into the assessment process. This led to the adoption of sophisticated statistical techniques to assess changes in properties of the most critical construction material—submerged-arc weld metal. A large scale sampling and testing programme of submerged-arc weld metal from a decommissioned reactor validated the assessment process. As a result of successfully addressing these and other challenges when the last two steel pressure vessel stations closed in December 2006, they had achieved lifetimes of nearly 40 years.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aStrategic materials$xDeveloping countries.
=650  \0$aRaw materials$xDeveloping countries.
=650  \0$aManganese$xMetallurgy.
=650  \0$aSteel$xMetallurgy.
=650  \0$aMonitoring programme.
=650  \0$aMagnox power station.
=650  \0$aNeutron irradiation.
=650  14$aSteel reactor pressure vessel.
=650  24$aMonitoring programme.
=650  24$aMagnox power station.
=650  24$aCarbon-manganese steel.
=650  24$aNeutron irradiation.
=700  1\$aMoskovic, R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBolton, C. J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFlewitt, P. E. J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101948.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101949
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101949$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101949$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP988
=082  04$a620.1/99$223
=100  1\$aEnomoto, Noriyoshi,$eauthor.
=245  10$aQuantification of Effect of Enforced Cyclic Movement and Regional Exposure Factors on Weatherability of Construction Sealants /$cNoriyoshi Enomoto, Akihiko Ito, Kyoji Tanaka.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b5
=520  3\$aThis paper presents information on the weatherability of construction sealants based on a newly developed test specimen design that allows simultaneous exposure of the sealant to forced compression and extension movement in a single specimen. In this study, exposure to cyclic movement and weathering is carried out simultaneously. Furthermore, an evaluation method for surface cracks induced by weathering is presented that allows an assessment of the overall “degree of degradation,” a single number characterizing the state of degradation of the sealant surface. In order to study the effects of the extent of extension and compression as well as the regional exposure factors on the degree of degradation, twelve sealants were exposed to outdoor weathering for four years at three exposure sites, located in the northern, central, and southern areas of Japan. The evaluation of surface cracks was carried out according to the rating provided in ISO 4628-4, with the modification that new rating criteria were introduced to evaluate minute cracks. A mathematical equation determining the “degree of degradation” was obtained for each sealant, which is based on a component reflecting aging under static condition and another component reflecting the dynamic conditions induced by mechanical movement and regional exposure factors. This equation provides a reasonable relationship between the experimental observation and calculated degradation over the exposure period.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSealants$xHistory.
=650  \0$aSealants.
=650  \0$aSealing compounds.
=650  \0$aOut-door exposure.
=650  \0$aRegional factor.
=650  \0$aJoint movement.
=650  \0$aSealant.
=650  \0$aWeatherability.
=650  14$aSealant.
=650  24$aWeatherability.
=650  24$aRegional factor.
=650  24$aJoint movement.
=650  24$aOut-door exposure.
=700  1\$aIto, Akihiko,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTanaka, Kyoji,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101949.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101950
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101950$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101950$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRC278.7.B56
=082  04$a616.994071$223
=100  1\$aButala, Steven J. M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aInterlaboratory Bias and Uncertainty in the Analysis of Metals and Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Used Oil Samples /$cSteven J. M. Butala, H. Dennis Tolley, Sanwat N. Chaudhuri, Blake C. Robertson, Cheryl L. Prawl, Robert Lo.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (22 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b47
=520  3\$aBlank and used oil samples spiked with PCBs at two different concentrations and heavy metals were sent to various analytical laboratories based upon national reputation, recognition, and applicable accreditation (EPA or NELAC). The study, implemented in a double-blind manner, was designed to simulate a client sending actual used oil samples to a certified laboratory for the quantitative analysis of PCBs and heavy metals for regulatory purposes. The study was also designed for comparing and contrasting the reported results in a statistically meaningful manner. The primary purpose of the study was to assess the accuracy and precision of each of the laboratories. Sending multiple, double-blind samples of the same mixture allowed an estimate of uncertainty to be determined. A large bulk sample (∼10 L) of used crankcase oil was prepared. From this base of used oil, spiked bulk samples were prepared. A bulk sample composed of 2 mg/kg 1260 PCBs and a bulk sample composed of 50 mg/kg 1260 PCBs were prepared. Additionally, a bulk sample spiked with 5 mg/kg arsenic, 2 mg/kg cadmium, 10 mg/kg chromium, and 100 mg/kg lead was prepared. From these unspiked and spiked bulk samples, aliquots were poured into specialty containers certified to be free of trace metals and organic compounds. The aliquoted samples were then sent to ten different laboratories across the United States for the quantitative determination of PCBs and trace toxic heavy metals. For the analysis of blank oil samples, one laboratory reported values an order of magnitude lower relative to the other laboratories for most of the metals. These results were disregarded. Two laboratories reported detecting trace amounts of arsenic in the blank oil samples. The remaining laboratories reported the values below their reporting limits. There was fairly good agreement across the laboratories for the analysis of chromium. With leads, however, the laboratories could be grouped into three statistically different groups. The spiked oil results indicated that laboratories could be grouped into statistically similar groups based upon individual metals. The lack of a grouping pattern across metals indicate the grouping to be metal-specific and hence, the differences in the laboratories may be the result of some unknown random process that cannot be directly measured. Regarding the analysis of PCBs spiked at 2 mg/kg, there was relatively good agreement across laboratories in that most could not quantitate PCBs at this level. At the regulatory level of 50 mg/kg, 33 % of the laboratories could not detect the PCBs. Across the measured values at the regulatory limit, a very significant amount of variation was observed, in agreement with earlier observations. In an attempt to account for these differences, as the factors responsible for the variances are not known, a random effect paradigm is introduced along with a gaming strategy based upon a time-constant model.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBiphenyl compounds$xToxicology$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aBiphenyl Compounds$xadverse effects.
=650  \0$aCarcinogens.
=650  \0$aPolybrominated Biphenyls.
=650  \0$aCrankcase.
=650  \0$aOil.
=650  \0$aMetals.
=650  \0$aUncertainty.
=650  14$aUsed.
=650  24$aCrankcase.
=650  24$aOil.
=650  24$aMetals.
=650  24$aPCBs.
=650  24$aBias.
=650  24$aUncertainty.
=700  1\$aTolley, H. Dennis,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aChaudhuri, Sanwat N.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRobertson, Blake C.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPrawl, Cheryl L.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLo, Robert,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101950.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101951
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101951$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101951$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA439
=082  04$a620.1/36$223
=100  1\$aKairouz, Abdul Kader,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAssessing Molding Procedure of Compressive Strength Test Specimens for Self-Consolidating Concrete /$cAbdul Kader Kairouz, Saeed Joudeh.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aExperimental studies were made by molding the self-consolidating concrete (SCC) with a single layer and comparing strength results with the normal molding procedure. The experiments were conducted to estimate the variation in strength and to provide technique in molding the SCC. The concept was first developed to avoid over-consolidation of concrete and try to simulate the usage of SCC under site conditions. The compressive strength of concrete showed approximately the same results as compared with the compressive strength of concrete that was molded in accordance with the ASTM C31/C31M-06 test method. The degree of concrete control based on standard deviations and coefficient of variations was improved.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aConcrete construction.
=650  \0$aHigh strength concrete.
=650  \0$aConcrete.
=650  \0$aWithin test range.
=650  \0$aMolding.
=650  \0$aSegregation.
=650  14$aConcrete.
=650  24$aSelf-consolidated concrete.
=650  24$aWithin test range.
=650  24$aMolding.
=650  24$aSegregation.
=700  1\$aJoudeh, Saeed,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101951.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101952
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101952$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101952$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA472
=082  04$a620.17/6$223
=100  1\$aLee, J. H.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aIrradiation-Induced Hardening and Embrittlement of High-Cr ODS Ferritic Steels /$cJ. H. Lee, R. Kasada, H. S. Cho, A. Kimura.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aThe dependence of irradiation temperature, neutron dose, and Cr content on irradiation hardening and embrittlement has been investigated for oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) ferritic steels irradiated from 290 to 600°C up to the maximum neutron dose of 0.75 dpa. Irradiation hardening and embrittlement of the materials strongly depend on the irradiation temperature. While neutron dose increases from 0.01 to 0.21 dpa, the ODS steels with Al show a saturation of irradiation hardening but the no-Al ODS steel has an increase in the hardening. The higher the Cr content, the more significant the irradiation hardening and embrittlement of ODS steels irradiated below 420°C. Interestingly, the ODS ferritic steels exposed to neutrons show little change of tensile elongation, compared to 9Cr JLF-1. Furthermore the ductile-brittle transition temperature (DBTT) shift of ODS steels increases with the increasing irradiation hardening, indicating that the increase of yield strength due to radiation induced hardening increases the DBTT and thus a reduction of hardening is effective to reduce the DBTT shift.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSteels$xFatigue$xTesting.
=650  \0$aMetals$xHardenability.
=650  \0$aSurface hardening.
=650  \0$aIrradiation hardening.
=650  \0$aNeutron irradiation.
=650  14$aOxide dispersion strengthened steel.
=650  24$aNeutron irradiation.
=650  24$aIrradiation hardening.
=650  24$aIrradiation embrittlement.
=650  24$aCr content.
=650  24$aIrradiation temperature.
=700  1\$aKasada, R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aCho, H. S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKimura, A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101952.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101953
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101953$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101953$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH2235
=082  04$a721/.2$223
=100  1\$aYarosh, Kenneth,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEvaluation of Silicone Sealants at High Movement Rates Relevant to Bomb Mitigating Window and Curtainwall Design /$cKenneth Yarosh, Andreas T. Wolf, Sigurd Sitte.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (17 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b40
=520  3\$aSilicone sealants have a long history of successful use in high performance windows and curtainwalls, such as structural glazing systems. With the recent threat of terrorist attacks, there has been an increased use of windows designed to mitigate the impact of bomb blasts. Due to the high strength and durability characteristics of silicone sealants, structural silicone sealants have been utilized in new bomb blast mitigating window designs. Effective bomb blast mitigating window designs allow the window system to withstand a moderate bomb blast without causing significant injury to building occupants from the blast itself or flying glass shards. The occupants are protected because laminated or filmed glass, which can withstand the blast, is attached in the framing with a silicone sealant. Silicone sealants provide unique benefits to these window designs due to their strength properties and their ability to anchor the laminated glass in the framing during a blast situation. In this paper, three commercially available high strength structural silicone sealants are evaluated at applied load velocities (movement rates) up to 5.0 m/s. These elevated load velocities are intended to simulate loads encountered during a bomb blast. Sealant joints are fabricated to evaluate the sealant in tension, shear, and combined tension and shear loads. Sealants joints are also exposed to accelerated weathering (heat, water, and artificial light through glass). Results show that the sealant strength values increase substantially at elevated rates of applied load. The paper discusses the effect of joint configuration, load velocities, and accelerating weathering on the performance and durability of the silicone sealants tested.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCurtain walls$xDesign and construction.
=650  \0$aExterior walls$xDesign and construction.
=650  \0$aHigh speed.
=650  \0$aLoading rate.
=650  \0$aMovement rate.
=650  \0$aSilicone.
=650  \0$aCurtainwall.
=650  \0$aBomb blast.
=650  \0$aSealant.
=650  \0$aWindow.
=650  14$aBomb blast.
=650  24$aSilicone.
=650  24$aSealant.
=650  24$aMovement rate.
=650  24$aLoading rate.
=650  24$aHigh speed.
=650  24$aWindow.
=650  24$aCurtainwall.
=700  1\$aWolf, Andreas T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSitte, Sigurd,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101953.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101954
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101954$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101954$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTE270
=082  04$a639.9/7573$223
=100  1\$aWhite, Christopher C.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffect of Strain on the Modulus of Sealants Exposed to the Outdoors /$cChristopher C. White, Donald Hunston, Kar Tean Tan.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aThe effects of applied strain on sealants exposed to outdoor weathering were examined for two sealant formulations, Sealants A and C. Both static and dynamic strain was applied to the sealants during the summer in a Gaithersburg, MD outdoor location. Both sealants exhibited a reversible change in equilibrium distance. Stress relaxation studies on all samples revealed that, for Sealant A, two mechanisms affected modulus change; exposure without applied strain increased the modulus while additionally applied strain decreased the modulus. Only one mechanism that decreased the modulus was found for Sealant C. A 7 % dynamic strain and a 25 % static strain were observed to produce equivalent modulus changes in both systems.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPavements, Asphalt concrete$xCracking.
=650  \0$aPavements, Asphalt concrete$xMaintenance and repair.
=650  \0$aAdhesives and sealants.
=650  \0$aAsphalt.
=650  \0$aOutdoor weathering.
=650  \0$aCharacterization.
=650  \0$aStrain.
=650  \0$aModulus.
=650  \0$aSealant.
=650  14$aSealant.
=650  24$aStrain.
=650  24$aModulus.
=650  24$aOutdoor weathering.
=650  24$aCharacterization.
=700  1\$aHunston, Donald,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTan, Kar Tean,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101954.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101956
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101956$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101956$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA438
=082  04$a620.1/356$223
=100  1\$aHagl, Anneliese,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDurability by Design :$bNew Results on Load-Carrying Silicone Bonding /$cAnneliese Hagl.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aIn the year 2000, the Herz-Jesu church in Munich, Germany was finalized featuring a glass façade with advanced bonded load-carrying structures. The façade was stiffened in such a way that wind- and dead-loaded glass elements were joined to stainless steel channels by a two-component silicone adhesive for load transfer. Durability aspects related to this type of bonding were already presented by the author at the previous symposium in 2003. The technical questions raised by the design of the Herz-Jesu church initiated detailed research investigations within Germany concerning the application of complex bonding geometries for structural engineering purposes. These studies comprised experimental and theoretical activities which were focused on the mechanical properties of two-component silicone adhesives as well as on the behavior of various bonding geometries resulting from the use of L- and T-type steel elements. In the context of these research activities, attention was also paid to different aspects directly or indirectly related to durability issues. Regarding adhesive material behavior, tensile, compression, and shear tests were performed on aged and unaged specimens in order to analyze the impact of an aggressive environment. Several degradation modes were induced into the specimens in a systematic manner in order to evaluate the load-bearing capacities and failure mechanisms of the different bonding geometries and in order to assess the behavior in the view of partial failure. This paper presents an overview of the obtained experimental results complemented by detailed finite element analysis results. Former results obtained for the U-type bonding geometry are reviewed in the light of new experimental findings. Furthermore, bonding geometries like the T-type bonding are assessed in a similar way as previously done for the U-type bonding geometry. Finally, the paper concludes by directly comparing all investigated bonding geometries with respect to durability aspects.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCement composites$xFracture.
=650  \0$aComposite materials$xBonding.
=650  \0$aConcrete$xFracture.
=650  \0$aStructural glazing.
=650  \0$aBonding design.
=650  \0$aDurability design.
=650  \0$aJoint geometry.
=650  14$aStructural glazing.
=650  24$aBonding design.
=650  24$aDurability design.
=650  24$aJoint geometry.
=650  24$aFE analysis.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101956.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101959
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101959$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101959$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aT7.5.1990
=082  04$a620.11$223
=100  1\$aNishiyama, Yutaka,$eauthor.
=245  10$aIrradiation-Induced Grain-Boundary Solute Segregation and Its Effect on Ductile-to-Brittle Transition Temperature in Reactor Pressure Vessel Steels /$cYutaka Nishiyama, Masatake Yamaguchi, Kunio Onizawa, Akihiko Iwase, Hiroshi Matsuzawa.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b14
=520  3\$aA study on grain-boundary segregation and embrittlement in terms of the Charpy ductile-to-brittle transition temperature (DBTT) has been performed for the neutron-irradiated A533B steels with typical contents of impurities of Japanese reactor pressure vessel ones. The neutron irradiation was conducted at 563 K to a fluence of 1.3× 1024n/m2 (E>1 MeV) using material testing reactors. The neutron irradiation induced the P and Ni segregation and the reduction in C in some cases at grain-boundaries. The increase in the P segregation at high fluence (>5×10 23n/m2, E>1 MeV) was less than 0.1 in monolayer coverage for the steels with the bulk content of P not exceeding 0.02 wt%. The hardening more strongly affected the DBTT shift than the P segregation for those steels. The reduction in segregated C that enhances the grain-boundary cohesion by neutron fluence is not large enough to cause the DBTT shift.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aIron Compounds.
=650  \0$aSegregation.
=650  \0$aStainless Steels.
=650  \0$aCarbon segregation.
=650  \0$aNeutron irradiation.
=650  \0$aEmbrittlement.
=650  \0$aGrain-boundary.
=650  14$aReactor pressure vessel.
=650  24$aPhosphorus segregation.
=650  24$aCarbon segregation.
=650  24$aGrain-boundary.
=650  24$aNeutron irradiation.
=650  24$aEmbrittlement.
=650  24$aDuctile-to-brittle transition temperature (DBTT)
=650  24$aIntergranular fracture.
=700  1\$aYamaguchi, Masatake,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aOnizawa, Kunio,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aIwase, Akihiko,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMatsuzawa, Hiroshi,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101959.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101961
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101961$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101961$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTE7
=082  04$a625.8$223
=100  1\$aRecknagel, Christoph,$eauthor.
=245  10$aJoint Sealing Systems for Pavements—A New Approach Towards a Performance Related Evaluation of Capability and Durability /$cChristoph Recknagel, Stephan Pirskawetz.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aJoint sealants influence decisively the performance and service life of pavements although they account for only a small fraction of the total investment. Motivated by the damages observed and the resulting, increasing maintenance efforts, the Federal German Government recognizes the need for performance-evaluated joint sealing systems with improved capability (fitness-for-purpose) and durability. A literature study showed that an identification of the actual mechanical system behavior under realistic loads as well as a prediction regarding the durability (fatigue, climatic effects) of joint sealing systems are either completely lacking in most of the relevant evaluation methods or have only been incompletely addressed previously. Furthermore an imbalance between commonly used test methodologies and the actual development status of modern modified sealing materials exists, i.e., the current test methods are not effective in evaluating the performance of tailor-made products. In this paper, the authors suggest a methodology to overcome the present situation. In contrast to the existing, predominantly empirical evaluation and selection of joint sealing materials and systems for pavements, the new approach is defined by verified performance under relevant and superimposed loads. This new approach is expected to allow a more engineered joint design. In addition to the adaptation of performance-oriented material identification tests, a special focus was placed on the development and installation of a complex test facility for the investigation of the service capability and durability of joint sealing systems in building constructions in general. This paper presents an attempt at the realization of this approach for pavement joints with the help of our new joint sealant test equipment utilizing a specific, adapted load function, which comprises cyclic movements (slow and fast acting), as well as crucial climatic exposures. The test data and its interpretation are discussed. For example, the actual mechanical behavior of the various joint sealing systems as well as the relevant maximum loading of cohesive and adhesive bonds can be deduced and used to differentiate between systems. Furthermore, information gained allows discrimination of products within the various joint sealing systems. The test results will also enable numerical simulations, e.g., of different joint designs or materials by finite element analysis. The fatigue behavior is detected by analysis of cycle-dependent changes of the mechanical system characteristics. The evaluation methodology further allows investigation of the degradation mechanisms of specific system failures and, thus, enables service life prediction by reproducing the performance of the complete system under realistic conditions. Constructional defects and material flaws can be activated and detected by the performance-related test methodology, thus identifying possible corrections to material selection and application procedures. The potential of the proposed evaluation methodology is discussed for several thermoplastic and reactive joint sealing systems.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPavements, Concrete$xJoints.
=650  \0$aPavements$xPerformance.
=650  \0$aConcrete pavements.
=650  \0$aPavement maintenance.
=650  \0$aPavement design.
=650  \0$aSystem test method.
=650  \0$aAdhesive failure.
=650  \0$aCohesive failure.
=650  \0$aPerformance.
=650  \0$aSuperimposed loading.
=650  \0$aCapability evaluation.
=650  \0$aDurability evaluation.
=650  \0$aSystem evaluation.
=650  \0$aPavement joints.
=650  14$aPavement joints.
=650  24$aSystem evaluation.
=650  24$aSystem test method.
=650  24$aSuperimposed loading.
=650  24$aPerformance.
=650  24$aMechanical characteristics.
=650  24$aCapability evaluation.
=650  24$aDurability evaluation.
=650  24$aCohesive failure.
=650  24$aAdhesive failure.
=700  1\$aPirskawetz, Stephan,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101961.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101962
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101962$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101962$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA684
=082  04$a620.1/126$223
=100  1\$aHein, H.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFinal Results from the Crack Initiation and Arrest of Irradiated Steel Materials Project on Fracture Mechanical Assessments of Pre-Irradiated RPV Steels Used in German PWR /$cH. Hein, E. Keim, H. Schnabel, T. Seibert, A. Gundermann.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (18 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b15
=520  3\$aPre-irradiated original reactor pressure vessel (RPV) materials covering all four German pressurized water reactors (PWR) construction lines were tested in the Crack Initiation and Arrest of Irradiated Steel Materials program to create a database of fracture toughness and arrest values for neutron fluences beyond the end of life range. The new database comprises data from both unirradiated and irradiated RPV base and weld materials generated by tensile, Charpy-V impact, fracture toughness KJc, and crack arrest KIa tests. The test matrix consists of materials with optimized chemical composition and with high Copper or high Nickel content, respectively. Based on the generated and already existing data the RTNDT and the RTT0 (Master Curve) concepts are applied with specific view on reference temperatures, transition temperature shifts, and on possible correlations between the criteria used in both concepts. In this context the consequences of some influencing factors like type and chemical composition of the RPV steel, its manufacturing conditions, and the specimen type and size on the reference temperatures are discussed. Moreover, the test results are assessed with respect to the American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) code and German Nuclear Safety Standards Commission safety standards. The crack arrest characteristics for these typical RPV materials are also determined in a twofold way by testing Compact Crack Arrest specimens and by evaluation of instrumented Charpy-V impact test data. The available results made a good point that crack arrest is a reliable phenomenon that doubtless exists. It is also shown that the obtained KIa data can be enveloped by applying the ASME KIc lower bound curve indexed by different reference temperatures. Finally, the results show that the used RPV materials are well designed in terms of material behavior under irradiated conditions and that optimized manufacture specifications are of great benefit particularly after long operation times.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSteel, Structural$xFatigue.
=650  \0$aSteel, Structural$xFracture.
=650  \0$aMaster curve.
=650  \0$aNeutron irradiation.
=650  \0$aFracture toughness.
=650  \0$aCrack arrest.
=650  14$aReactor pressure vessel steel.
=650  24$aNeutron irradiation.
=650  24$aIrradiation embrittlement.
=650  24$aFracture toughness.
=650  24$aCrack arrest.
=650  24$aMaster curve.
=650  24$aRTNDT.
=650  24$aRTT0.
=700  1\$aKeim, E.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSchnabel, H.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSeibert, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGundermann, A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101962.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101965
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101965$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101965$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA775
=082  04$a621.8$223
=100  1\$aPozzi, Enrico,$eauthor.
=245  13$aAn Attempt at Finding a Correlation Between Environmental and Accelerated RILEM TC 139-DBS Weathering for One-Component Polyurethane Sealants Applied on Mortar /$cEnrico Pozzi, Valerio Carcano, Antonio Ausilio.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b14
=520  3\$aTwo sets of butt joint test specimens (ISO 8339 type) with mortar substrate (ISO 13640, Method 1) were prepared without primer using eight one-component polyurethane sealants; four of low modulus (LM) type showing a movement capability of 25 % and four of high modulus (HM) type showing a movement capability of less than 12.5 % (nomenclature HM according to ISO 11600 as they show a secant modulus >0.4 MPa at 23°C and >0.6 MPa at −20°C, but the movement capability of these sealants does not comply with any of the HM classes stated by ISO 11600). All specimens were conditioned according to ISO 8339 Conditioning Method B. Afterwards the specimens were divided into two sets: the first set was exposed for 24 months in static conditions to the outdoor environment in the urban area of Milan, facing southeast at an angle of 45°. Periodically, i.e., every four months, they were evaluated by visual inspection of their exposed surface. The second set of joints was subjected to accelerated weathering according to RILEM TC 139 DBS in a light-exposure apparatus (xenon-arc type) with water spray. At the end of each RILEM cycle (eight weeks weathering plus one week thermo-mechanical cycling according to ISO 9047) the specimens were visually inspected. The authors found a good correlation between the results obtained in outdoor exposure and those observed after the RILEM durability cycling. In addition to tabulating the findings for crack density and size, the results are also presented as photographic documentation.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aGrout (Mortar)$vHandbooks, manuals, etc.
=650  \0$aGrouting$xMaterials$vHandbooks, manuals, etc.
=650  \0$aSealing (Technology)$xMaterials.
=650  \0$aConstruction equipment$xMaintenance and repair$vHandbooks, manuals, etc.
=650  \0$aGrout (Mortar)
=650  \0$aOutdoor exposure.
=650  \0$aPolyurethane.
=650  \0$aCorrelation.
=650  \0$aSealants.
=650  14$aRILEM TC 139 DBS.
=650  24$aAccelerated weathering.
=650  24$aOutdoor exposure.
=650  24$aCorrelation.
=650  24$aPolyurethane.
=650  24$aSealants.
=700  1\$aCarcano, Valerio,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAusilio, Antonio,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101965.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101970
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101970$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101970$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTE278
=082  04$a625.8/4$223
=100  1\$aTregger, Nathan,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPredicting Dynamic Segregation of Self-Consolidating Concrete from the Slump-Flow Test /$cNathan Tregger, Liberato Ferrara, Surendra Shah.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aTwo key characteristics of self-consolidating concrete are flowability and segregation resistance. Quality control of flowability is typically predicted by the final diameter of the slump-flow test. In this paper, experimental results demonstrate that dynamic segregation of a self-consolidating concrete mix can also be predicted from the slump-flow test by measuring the time it takes for the flow to reach its final diameter. For a constant final diameter and aggregate content, increasing the time to final diameter led to a more stable mix. Two sets of slump-flow and segregation data were obtained for flow diameters of 65 and 70 cm, both with constant water-to-binder and aggregate-to-binder ratios. Dynamic segregation was determined by comparing the aggregate content in three regions: Within the diameter of the slump cone, between the diameter of the cone and a diameter of 50 cm, and between a diameter of 50 cm and the final diameter. In addition, the rapid penetration test was used to compare dynamic and static segregation characteristics.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPavements, Concrete$xDeterioration.
=650  \0$aPavements, Concrete$xMaintenance and repair.
=650  \0$aPortland cement.
=650  \0$aAdmixtures.
=650  \0$aDeterioration.
=650  \0$aSegregation (Aggregates)
=650  \0$aSegregation.
=650  \0$aYield stress.
=650  \0$aSlump-flow test.
=650  \0$aViscosity.
=650  14$aSCC.
=650  24$aSegregation.
=650  24$aSlump-flow test.
=650  24$aT50.
=650  24$aViscosity.
=650  24$aYield stress.
=700  1\$aFerrara, Liberato,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aShah, Surendra,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101970.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101971
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101971$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101971$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA401
=082  04$a620.11$223
=100  1\$aTakahashi, Akiyuki,$eauthor.
=245  10$aKinetic Monte Carlo Simulation of Helium-Bubble Evolution in ODS Steels /$cAkiyuki Takahashi, Shahram Sharafat, Koji Nagasawa, Nasr Ghoniem.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b30
=520  3\$aOxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) ferritic/martensitic steels are being developed for high temperature applications for fission reactors and future fusion devices. ODS-Eurofer97 (Fe–9CrWVTa–0.3Y2O3) and ODS-MA957 (Fe–14CrTiMo–0.25Y2O3) have shown promising high temperature mechanical properties, such as tensile strength, toughness, fatigue, and creep rupture. Recent neutron irradiation experiments with simultaneous helium implantation indicate that helium transport is favorably impacted by the nanometer-sized oxide particles, small grain sizes, and high dislocation densities of ODS steels. Simulating helium transport in ODS steels requires a three-dimensional spatially resolved model, which takes into account discrete geometric and microstructural features of the steel. We have developed such a helium transport simulation model using an event kinetic Monte Carlo (EKMC) approach called Monte Carlo simulation of helium-bubble evolution and resolutions (McHEROS). First, a spatially resolved kinetic rate theory is used to establish helium-vacancy cluster and stable helium-bubble nuclei concentrations. The maximum helium-bubble density is then used as an initial condition for randomly distributed matrix bubbles for the EKMC simulation. Migration, coalescence, and trapping of helium bubbles by oxide particles are simulated. Matrix helium bubbles that come into contact with each other are assumed to undergo instantaneous coalescence, which leads to bubble growth. However, migrating bubbles that are intercepted by oxide particles are assumed trapped but can grow through coalescing with newly arriving bubbles. The oxide particles effectively reduce the growth rate of matrix bubbles. Helium-bubble size and spatial distributions of the EKMC simulation are compared with recent experimental measurements. As part of this study, the effectiveness of the ODS microstructure on reducing helium-bubble growth rates is presented by comparing EKMC simulations of steels with and without ODS particles. This first application of the McHEROS code has demonstrated the viability of the code as a tool in describing the behavior of helium-bubble transport in ODS alloys.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aElectrical and Electronic Engineering.
=650  \0$aMechanical Engineering.
=650  \0$aCivil Engineering.
=700  1\$aSharafat, Shahram,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNagasawa, Koji,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGhoniem, Nasr,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101971.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101975
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101975$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101975$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA439
=082  04$a620.1/36$223
=100  1\$aGordon, Glenn V.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aUsing Rheology Test Methods to Assess Durability of Cured Elastomers Undergoing Cyclic Deformation /$cGlenn V. Gordon, Loren D. Lower, Lawrence D. Carbary.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b19
=520  3\$aThe current measurement test method to assess elastomeric sealant durability is ASTM C719. This method requires a minimum of five weeks of curing and conditioning before being subjected to ten movement cycles at room temperature and then ten movement cycles at variable temperatures. This method is a fine predictor of sealant movement capability for products used in moving joints in commercial construction applications. ASTM E1886 suggests that building assemblies be subjected to 9000 cycles of wind pressure. Sealant materials are typically used to anchor glazing assemblies into frames, and the choice of the correct sealant is critical to passing the test criteria specified in ASTM E1866. Rheological instruments have the capability to characterize the dynamic mechanical behavior of elastomeric materials undergoing oscillatory (cyclic) deformation under controlled test conditions and, therefore, provide a laboratory tool for assessing durability. Cyclic testing can be conducted under controlled strain (deformation) conditions at frequencies that simulate joint movement due either to thermal expansion differentials or seismic events, or under controlled stress (load) that model hurricane-force wind loads or design pressures. An immediate stress-softening response was observed from controlled-strain experiments at 15 % movement that was ascribed to the Mullins effect; however, three of the four cured silicone sealants exhibited a modest recovery over the remaining four days of cyclic testing. Under controlled-stress cycling at 0.138 MPa for 150 minutes at 0.5 Hz, the silicones exhibited ultimate deformations well below their rated movement capabilities. The results from both types of rheology test methods did not reveal outward signs of fatigue and suggest which elastomeric materials will perform better under the drastic cycling that occurs in ASTM E1866 and ASTM C719 testing.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aConcrete.
=650  \0$aSilicone.
=650  \0$aCycling.
=650  \0$aDeformation.
=650  \0$aElastomers.
=650  \0$aMovement.
=650  \0$aSealant.
=650  \0$aDurability.
=650  \0$aRheology.
=650  \0$aRheometry.
=650  14$aCycling.
=650  24$aDeformation.
=650  24$aDurability.
=650  24$aElastomers.
=650  24$aMovement.
=650  24$aRheology.
=650  24$aRheometry.
=650  24$aSealant.
=650  24$aSilicone.
=700  1\$aLower, Loren D.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aCarbary, Lawrence D.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101975.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101976
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101976$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101976$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTL725.3.S44
=082  04$a629.1300289$223
=100  1\$aDeng, J.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDevelopment of Accelerated Aging Test Methodology and Specimen for Bonded CFRP Systems /$cJ. Deng, J. E. Tanner, C. W. Dolan, D. Mukai.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b28
=520  3\$aDetermining long-term behavior of bonded CFRP systems requires developing an accelerated aging test method for CFRP applications. This paper examines the development of test methodology and specimen for both flexure and direct tension behavior of bonded CFRP materials using a specimen submerged in a water bath subject to elevated temperature. Test results of three commercial CFRP systems are presented. A discussion of accelerated aging is included in the developmental effort.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCURING.
=650  \0$aAGING (MATERIALS)
=650  \0$aAccelerated aging.
=650  \0$aBond strength.
=650  \0$aFlexural strength.
=650  \0$aTensile strength.
=650  \0$aDurability.
=650  14$aAccelerated aging.
=650  24$aCFRP.
=650  24$aBond strength.
=650  24$aFlexural strength.
=650  24$aTensile strength.
=650  24$aStrength reduction factor.
=650  24$aDurability.
=700  1\$aTanner, J. E.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDolan, C. W.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMukai, D.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101976.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101981
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101981$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101981$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA401
=082  04$a620.11$223
=100  1\$aCanale, Lauralice C. F.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aQuenchant Characterization by Cooling Curve Analysis /$cLauralice C. F. Canale, Xinmin Luo, Xin Yao, G. E. Totten.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (29 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b70
=520  3\$aCurrently, ASTM cooling curve analysis standards ASTM D6200 “Standard Test Method for Determination of Cooling Characteristics of Quench Oils by Cooling Curve Analysis,” D6482 “Standard Test Method for Determination of Cooling Characteristics of Aqueous Polymer Quenchants by Cooling Curve Analysis with Agitation,” and D6549 “Standard Test Method for Determination of Cooling Characteristics of Quenching by Cooling Curve Analysis with Agitation (Drayton Unit),” describe the experimental methodology for cooling curve data acquisition but leave the analysis of the resulting time-temperature cooling data up to the user. Therefore, it is of interest to provide an overview of the various methodologies that may be used by the user of these standards for data analyses and reporting. This is important in order to assess the impact of quench severity on resulting metallurgical properties of various steel alloys. The objective of this paper is to provide a general overview of approaches used to quantify not only the time-temperature behavior, but also a general quantitative assessment of relative quench severity exhibited by the various quenching media being analyzed. Methods for characterizing and interpreting cooling time-temperature curves are reviewed and the reasons for their utilization are discussed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aElectrical and Electronic Engineering.
=650  \0$aMechanical Engineering.
=650  \0$aCivil Engineering.
=700  1\$aLuo, Xinmin,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aYao, Xin,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTotten, G. E.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101981.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101982
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101982$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101982$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTL521.3.T4
=082  04$a629.1$223
=100  1\$aWeller, Bernhard,$eauthor.
=245  10$aExperimental Evaluation of Ultraviolet and Visible Light Curing Acrylates for Use in Glass Structures /$cBernhard Weller, Silke Tasche.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b26
=520  3\$aAdhesive joints in glass construction have been realized with one- and two-component silicones for more than 20 years. However, ultraviolet and visible light curing acrylates in glass constructions provide additional design potential due to their inherent transparency, their advantages in regard to the production process, and their increased material strength. The aging behavior of these adhesives was comprehensively examined by testing bonded joints of annealed glass and metal to gain in-depth knowledge of their durability. The study was expanded by testing full-scale samples of various glass applications.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCuring.
=650  \0$aEpoxy resins.
=650  \0$aGlass-reinforced plastics.
=650  \0$aGraphite fibers.
=650  \0$aAging resistance.
=650  \0$aGlass.
=650  \0$aStructural bonds.
=650  \0$aAdhesive attachment.
=650  14$aGlass.
=650  24$aMetal.
=650  24$aLight curing acrylates.
=650  24$aStructural bonds.
=650  24$aAdhesive attachment.
=650  24$aAging resistance.
=700  1\$aTasche, Silke,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101982.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101984
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101984$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101984$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC100
=082  04$a621.36/6$223
=100  1\$aKlosowski, Jerome M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCleaning Silicone Residue from Glass /$cJerome M. Klosowski, Edward S. Breeze, David H. Nicastro.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b2
=520  3\$aSilicone sealants have been used widely in the waterproofing industry because they resist deterioration. However, residue from silicone sealant (or from pre-formed silicone seals) can be difficult to remove from adjacent surfaces, if it contacts these surfaces inadvertently from improper application or fluid run-down. This article focuses on the challenge of removing silicone residue from window glass. Several of the likely sources of the silicone residue are discussed, along with the difficulty of measuring the presence of the colorless and odorless thin residue film. The testing used commercially available cleaners and digesters to attempt to remove the silicone residue. The results were mixed and largely inconclusive; however, the test methodology developed can be used for further study by additional laboratories.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aGlass$xEffect of radiation on$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aGlass$xEffect of radiation on.
=650  \0$aLasers.
=650  \0$aSilicone.
=650  \0$aFluid migration.
=650  \0$aSealant joint.
=650  14$aSealant joint.
=650  24$aSilicone.
=650  24$aFluid migration.
=650  24$aGlass.
=700  1\$aBreeze, Edward S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNicastro, David H.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101984.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101985
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101985$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101985$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA356
=082  04$a624.1/76$223
=100  1\$aLampman, Timothy J.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aComparison of CANDU Fuel Bundle Finite Element Model with Unirradiated Mechanical Load Experiments /$cTimothy J. Lampman, Adrian Popescu, Jose Freire-Canosa.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (17 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b1
=520  3\$aA requirement of spent nuclear fuel is to maintain its structural integrity at all times to enable its safe and efficient handling during storage, transportation, and placement in a deep geological repository. In Canada, commercial spent fuel is currently stored in light water pools for about ten years before being transferred to dry storage where storage may extend up to 100 years. Investigations on the fuel structural integrity evolution during dry storage are being performed for spent CANDU fuel bundles. A CANDU nuclear fuel bundle is a cylindrical assembly approximately 0.1 m in diameter and 0.5 m in length made of 28 or 37 fuel elements held together by welding two endplates at both ends. The welds have a circular notch of less than 10 μm diameter. Significant hydraulic, mechanical, and thermal loads during bundle irradiation in the reactor may lead to bundle deformation, which when coupled with the sharp weld notch can result in significant stress enhancement at the notch tip and possibly activate delayed hydride cracking (DHC) during dry storage. To better understand the stress levels in CANDU fuel during dry storage, a finite element model of CANDU fuel bundles is under development. The stress distribution in the bundle and the stress intensity factor at each weld notch can be evaluated by the model for the spent fuel geometry and dry storage conditions. This paper discusses the agreement between the finite element model and validation experiments using unirradiated 28-element CANDU fuel bundles tested in the elastic and plastic regime.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFinite Element Analysis.
=650  \0$aFinite element method.
=650  \0$aWeld metal.
=650  \0$aWelded joints.
=650  \0$aSpent fuel storage.
=650  14$aFinite element modeling.
=650  24$aCANDU fuel.
=650  24$aSpent fuel storage.
=700  1\$aPopescu, Adrian,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFreire-Canosa, Jose,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101985.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101990
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101990$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101990$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA772
=082  04$a624.1/834$223
=100  1\$aKrelaus, R.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aResistance of Adhesive Bonding of Ultra-High Performance Concrete to Hygrothermal, Corrosive, and Freeze-Thaw Cycling Environments /$cR. Krelaus, G. Wisner, S. Freisinger-Schadow, M. Schmidt, S. Böhm, K. Dilger.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (18 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b23
=520  3\$aUltra-high performance concrete (UHPC) with its unique material properties is suitable for the application of adhesive bonding as a joining technique. The results presented in this paper were generated as part of a research project aimed at investigating the properties of UHPC adhesive joints in terms of reliability, safety, and load bearing capacity. Fourteen adhesives were tested for strength and durability considering varying conditions of substrate surface pretreatment and different UHPC compositions. Tests under hygrothermal, freezing, and salt-spraying exposures were performed to investigate the long-term durability under different climatic conditions.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aConcrete construction$xTesting.
=650  \0$aAnchors (Structural connectors)
=650  \0$aAdhesion.
=650  \0$aBond strength (Materials)
=650  \0$aBridge anchorages.
=650  \0$aAccelerated aging.
=650  \0$aAdhesive bonding.
=650  \0$aFreeze-thaw testing.
=650  \0$aHygrothermal testing.
=650  14$aUltra-High Performance Concrete.
=650  24$aUHPC.
=650  24$aUHPFRC.
=650  24$aAdhesive bonding.
=650  24$aAccelerated aging.
=650  24$aCyclic climatic testing.
=650  24$aFreeze-thaw testing.
=650  24$aHygrothermal testing.
=700  1\$aWisner, G.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFreisinger-Schadow, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSchmidt, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBöhm, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDilger, K.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101990.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI101991
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI101991$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI101991$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aHD9698.U52
=082  04$a621.48/32$223
=100  1\$aVenkiteswaran, C. N.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aStudy of Microstructure and Property Changes in Irradiated SS316 Wrapper of Fast Breeder Test Reactor /$cC. N. Venkiteswaran, V. Karthik, P. Parameswaran, N. G. Muralidharan, V. AnandaRaj, S. Saroja, V. Venugopal, M. Vijayalakshmi, K. V. Kasi Viswanathan, Baldev Raj.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b26
=520  3\$aThis paper presents the results of a study on mechanical properties and microstructure in a SS316 wrapper irradiated in a 40MWt/13MWe fast breeder test reactor at Kalpakkam, India. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) examination and mechanical property evaluation were carried out on the hexagonal wrapper subjected to different displacement damages up to a maximum of 83 dpa at an operating temperature of about 673 K. The steel irradiated to 83 dpa showed an increase in the yield strength and ultimate tensile strength, with a reduction in uniform elongation to about 8 %–10 % from about 20 % in the unirradiated material. Density measurements on the specimen from different portions of the irradiated wrapper showed a peak volumetric swelling of about 3.5 % at a damage of 83 dpa. TEM studies showed extensive void formation at 40 dpa and beyond in addition to extensive precipitation and formation of dislocation loops. The void density and size showed a progressive increase with displacement damage. The precipitates were identified to be of nickel and silicon enriched M6C type of η phase, while radiation induced G phase was also observed at 83 dpa. The increase in strength and reduction in ductility with increase in dpa is attributed to irradiation hardening, which is supported by the increase in defect density as observed from the dislocation substructure and increase in the void density and size. The paper would discuss the degradation in mechanical property in terms of the microstructural changes.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aLiquid metal fast breeder reactors.
=650  \0$aNuclear industry$xCosts.
=650  \0$aEnergie (exacte wetenschappen)
=650  \0$aYield strength.
=650  \0$aPrecipitates.
=650  \0$aDuctility.
=650  14$aTransmission electron microscopy.
=650  24$aVoids.
=650  24$aYield strength.
=650  24$aUltimate tensile strength.
=650  24$aDuctility.
=650  24$aPrecipitates.
=650  24$aDpa.
=700  1\$aKarthik, V.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aParameswaran, P.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMuralidharan, N. G.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAnandaRaj, V.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSaroja, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aVenugopal, V.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aVijayalakshmi, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aViswanathan, K. V. Kasi,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRaj, Baldev,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI101991.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102003
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102003$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102003$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA439
=082  04$a620.1/36$223
=100  1\$aThrane, Lars N.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDetermination of Rheology of Self-Consolidating Concrete Using the 4C-Rheometer and How to Make Use of the Results /$cLars N. Thrane, Claus Pade, Claus V. Nielsen.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b20
=520  3\$aOne of the major obstacles to a more wide spread use of self-consolidating concrete is to obtain further understanding of the importance of rheology on the final concrete quality. Existing test methods does not support the concept of two independent rheological properties in a very comprehensive manner. For this purpose, the so-called 4C-RheometerDanish Technological Institute, Taastrup, Denmark. has been developed in Denmark, combining the traditional slump flow test with digital video analysis to obtain the slump flow versus time curve from which the yield stress and plastic viscosity are determined. Based on numerous on-site tests in Denmark performed with the 4C-Rheometer, ranges of preferred rheological parameters have been identified for different types of castings. This paper presents the concept of testing and the correlation of obtained rheological parameters to the BML viscometer and discusses the selection of rheological properties for some typical horizontal and vertical castings.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aConcrete$xViscosity.
=650  \0$aCasting.
=650  \0$aYield stress.
=650  \0$aPlastic viscosity.
=650  \0$aRheology.
=650  14$aSCC.
=650  24$aRheology.
=650  24$a4C-Rheometer.
=650  24$aYield stress.
=650  24$aPlastic viscosity.
=650  24$aCasting.
=700  1\$aPade, Claus,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNielsen, Claus V.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102003.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102009
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102009$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102009$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA1001.5
=082  04$a625.8/5$223
=100  1\$aCarbary, Lawrence D.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSubstrate Durability Guidelines Used in Silicone Structural Attachment /$cLawrence D. Carbary.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b8
=520  3\$aThis paper sets forth a procedure for evaluating substrates for durability for use in conjunction with structural silicone glazing (SSG). Lap shear and peel adhesion specimens are evaluated after exposures to various conditions using a modified ASTM C794-06, “Standard Test Method for Adhesion-In-Peel of Elastomeric Joint Sealants,” and ASTM C961-06, “Standard Test Method for Lap Shear Strength of Sealants.” Conditions of exposure include water, sodium hypochlorite (bleach), acetic acid (vinegar), salt fog, UV florescent accelerated weathering device (UVFl), ultraviolet light (UV) exposure, and heat. Evaluation of substrates and the interfaces are completed after tensile testing and visual surface analysis. The silicone structural glazing adhesive used in this evaluation is a high modulus high strength material intended to place the maximum load at the interface. Substrates evaluated include steel, anodized aluminum, galvanized steel, extruded rigid polyvinyl chloride (PVC), glass reinforced thermoplastic resin (fiberglass), and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) painted aluminum. These evaluated substrates are tested to this procedure to show differences in performance and suggest a minimum time frame required for testing. The results and guidelines set forth in this paper provide the foundation for a practice and or a substrate specification for use in conjunction with structural silicone attachment methods.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPavements$xMaintenance and repair$xMathematical models.
=650  \0$aSealing compounds.
=650  \0$aSilicone rubber.
=650  \0$aStructural silicone.
=650  \0$aPeel adhesion.
=650  \0$aLap shear.
=650  \0$aDimensional stability.
=650  \0$aDurability.
=650  14$aStructural silicone.
=650  24$aLap shear.
=650  24$aPeel adhesion.
=650  24$aDurability.
=650  24$aSubstrate suitability.
=650  24$aDimensional stability.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102009.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102017
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102017$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102017$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aLC2851.S65
=082  04$a378.764$223
=100  1\$aShi, Xing,$eauthor.
=245  10$aUncertainty Analysis in Hygrothermal Measurements and Its Effect on Experimental Conclusions /$cXing Shi, Eric Burnett.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aIn hygrothermal measurements a variety of sensors and data acquisition systems are used. Measurement uncertainty is always associated with the experimental work conducted using these devices. Although uncertainty analysis methodology has been well established, performing an uncertainty analysis for a complex hygrothermal measurement system that involves various uncertainty sources and requires multiple levels of uncertainty propagation is not an easy task. Such uncertainty analysis is essential for evaluating the accuracy or “goodness” of the experimental work. More importantly, uncertainty of the measurement is vital in evaluating the validity of the conclusions drawn from the experimental data. Without an appropriate uncertainty analysis, the experimental work cannot be considered complete and the experimental conclusions can be questioned. This paper presents an uncertainty analysis for a vapor pressure measurement system involved in a research project on ventilation drying in wall systems. The influence of the uncertainty on the validity of one experimental conclusion is studied. It demonstrates that considering measurement uncertainty provides a way to understand the experimental conclusion from the probability perspective.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFoamed materials.
=650  \0$aHygrothermal elasticity.
=650  \0$aVentilation drying.
=650  \0$aHygrothermal.
=650  \0$aData acquisition.
=650  \0$aSensor.
=650  \0$aUncertainty.
=650  14$aUncertainty.
=650  24$aHygrothermal.
=650  24$aSensor.
=650  24$aData acquisition.
=650  24$aVentilation drying.
=700  1\$aBurnett, Eric,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102017.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102018
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102018$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102018$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRD594.3
=082  04$a617.4/82044$223
=100  1\$aAshare, Alan B.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAcute Care in Cervical Spinal Cord Trauma with Long-Term Benefit :$bA Review /$cAlan B. Ashare, Alvin W. Lyckman.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b79
=520  3\$aSpinal cord injury involves three phases. In the first, trauma events deliver direct pressure to the cervical spine, which may compress, dislocate, or fracture the spine, and in turn compress, crush, or transect the spinal cord. In the process, local neurons are destroyed and sensory and motor pathways can be severed. In the second phase, acute tissue responses, bleeding, and inflammation rapidly and radically change the physical and chemical conditions at the wound site. Finally, days, weeks, and months after the initial trauma, chronic post-injury processes reform the wound site into a lasting scar that impedes regeneration of spinal cord pathways. A major goal of current spinal cord injury research should be rapid and lasting inhibition of acute and chronic tissue reactions in the spinal cord wound that lead to a growth-inhibiting environment and diverting these reactions toward conditions that favor regeneration of severed spinal pathways. Here, we consider experimental strategies that could form the basis for treatments that can be rapidly administered after trauma and provides lasting benefit to spinal cord regeneration and rehabilitation.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSpinal cord injuries.
=650  \0$aSpinal injuries.
=650  \0$aCervical vertebrae$xInjuries.
=650  \0$aLumbar vertebrae$xInjuries.
=650  \0$aSpinal cord$xWounds and injuries.
=650  \0$aHypothermia.
=650  \0$aParaplegia.
=650  \0$aQuadraplegia.
=650  \0$aMethyl prednisolone.
=650  \0$aParalysis.
=650  \0$aSpinal cord injury.
=650  14$aSpinal cord injury.
=650  24$aHypothermia.
=650  24$aMethyl prednisolone.
=650  24$aParalysis.
=650  24$aParaplegia.
=650  24$aQuadraplegia.
=650  24$aTraumatic brain injury.
=700  1\$aLyckman, Alvin W.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102018.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102021
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102021$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102021$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTL521.3
=082  04$a629.1$223
=100  1\$aSahay, Satyam S.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aOverview of Pearlitic Rail Steel :$bAccelerated Cooling, Quenching, Microstructure, and Mechanical Properties /$cSatyam S. Sahay, Goutam Mohapatra, George E. Totten.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (26 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b55
=520  3\$aRailway networks form an integral part of the infrastructure development of a developing country with ever-increasing passenger and freight volume. Increase in train speed, pay load, reliability, and safety are the major thrust areas for railways requiring more stringent mechanical properties such as wear, deformation resistance, and fatigue life from the railway steel. Steel chemistry control and thermomechanical processing significantly affect final properties and performance of the railway steel. For example, for a given steel composition, a number of stable or metastable microstructures can be obtained by controlling heat treatment operations. Conventional rail steels primarily contain nearly eutectoid pearlitic microstructure, which is dependent on the criticality of the application. An overview of the physical metallurgy principles involved during the manufacturing of rail steel will be provided here. The primary focus of this review is thermal processing including quenching and accelerated cooling of the rail steel. In addition, other important aspects relating to design and production of rail steel are discussed, including: impact of steel chemistry on the phase diagram, effect of thermomechanical processing on microstructure, and influence of microstructure or residual stress on mechanical properties.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aStainless steel$xStress corrosion.
=650  \0$aMicrostructure.
=650  \0$aAccelerated cooling.
=650  \0$aQuenching.
=650  \0$aPearlitic steel.
=650  \0$aRail steel.
=650  \0$aCooling curves.
=650  \0$aMechanical properties.
=650  \0$aResidual stress.
=650  14$aAccelerated cooling.
=650  24$aRail steel.
=650  24$aPearlitic steel.
=650  24$aQuenching.
=650  24$aCooling curves.
=650  24$aMicrostructure.
=650  24$aResidual stress.
=650  24$aMechanical properties.
=700  1\$aMohapatra, Goutam,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTotten, George E.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102021.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102025
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102025$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102025$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH2235
=082  04$a693.8/3$223
=100  1\$aStovall, Therese,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMeasuring the Impact of Experimental Parameters upon the Estimated Thermal Conductivity of Closed-Cell Foam Insulation Subjected to an Accelerated Aging Protocol :$bTwo-Year Results /$cTherese Stovall.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aThe thermal conductivity of many closed-cell foam insulation products changes over time as production gases diffuse out of the cell matrix and atmospheric gases diffuse into the cells. Thin slicing has been shown to be an effective means of accelerating this process in such a way as to produce meaningful results. Efforts to produce a more prescriptive version of the ASTM C1303, “Standard Test Method for Predicting Long-Term Thermal Resistance of Closed-Cell Foam Insulation,” have led to a broad ruggedness test. This test includes the aging of full-size insulation specimens for time periods up to 5 years for later comparison to the predicted results. Experimental parameters under investigation include: slice thickness, slice origin (at the surface or from the core of the slab), thin-slice stack composition, product facings, original product thickness, product density, and product type. This paper will compare the results after two years of full-thickness aging.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aExterior walls$xThermal properties.
=650  \0$aInsulation (Heat)
=650  \0$aExterior walls$xProtection.
=650  \0$aUrethane foam.
=650  \0$aThermal resistance.
=650  \0$aAging.
=650  \0$aThermal insulation.
=650  \0$aScaling factors.
=650  14$aAging.
=650  24$aLong-term thermal resistance.
=650  24$aLTTR.
=650  24$aRigid closed-cell plastic foams.
=650  24$aScaling factors.
=650  24$aThermal insulation.
=650  24$aThermal resistance.
=650  24$aTime-averaged thermal resistance.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102025.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102027
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102027$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102027$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTC1665
=082  04$a627/.98$223
=100  1\$aOnmura, Sadayuki,$eauthor.
=245  10$aConcrete Hygrothermal Properties and the Influence of their Variability on Moisture Movement in Concrete Walls /$cSadayuki Onmura, Shuichi Hokoi, Takayuki Matsushita, Daisuke Ogura, Kazuya Kominami, Yoshitaka Yasui.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (20 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aThe vapor permeability, equilibrium moisture content, hydraulic conductivity, and thermal conductivity of concrete specimens with three different strengths were measured under various conditions of temperature and relative humidity. Based on the measured results, the relationship between hygrothermal properties and strength, and the relationship between hygrothermal properties, water content, and temperature were considered. The variability of measured hygrothermal properties was clarified. Then, to evaluate the influence that the variability of hygrothermal properties has on the hygrothermal behaviors of a concrete wall, a water absorption experiment using a small-scale concrete wall with tile finishing was carried out under constant temperature. The experimental result shows a significantly difference between three specimens in the hygrothermal behaviors, which is partly because of the variability of the hygrothermal properties.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aConcrete construction.
=650  \0$aOffshore structures$xDesign and construction.
=650  \0$aConcrete.
=650  \0$aHygrothermal property.
=650  \0$aVariability.
=650  14$aConcrete.
=650  24$aHygrothermal property.
=650  24$aVariability.
=650  24$aMeasurement and absorption experiment.
=700  1\$aHokoi, Shuichi,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMatsushita, Takayuki,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aOgura, Daisuke,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKominami, Kazuya,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aYasui, Yoshitaka,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102027.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102028
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102028$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102028$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTT715
=082  04$a687$223
=100  1\$aIndyke, David,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffect of Embedded Seams on Tested Water Vapor Transport Properties of Low Permeance Materials /$cDavid Indyke, Frank Danny.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aA method based on ASTM E96/E96M-05 is described for testing the comparative effect of seams and closure types on the water vapor transmission properties of low permeance materials typically applied as moisture vapor retarders. The baseline performance of two materials with water vapor permeance values at 23°C around 5 and 50 ng⋅Pa−1⋅s−1⋅m−2 was measured at both 23°C with 50 % relative humidity and 38°C with 90 % relative humidity. Seams and closures of various types were imposed on both materials including simple overlap, C-fold, lap joint closed with double-sided tape, gap covered by single-sided tape, and lap joint closed with sealant. Testing at 23°C with 50 % relative humidity was repeated using seam widths of 20, 40, and 60 mm. Samples with seam widths of 40 mm were additionally tested at 38°C with 90 % relative humidity. The method gave comparative results indicating that tape and sealant closures are the more effective types in limiting leakage and that seam width can have a significant influence on water vapor transmission through the seam.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMachine sewing.
=650  \0$aSeams (Sewing)
=650  \0$aSewing machines$xDesign and construction.
=650  \0$aPlastics$xWelding.
=650  \0$aClosure.
=650  \0$aMoisture.
=650  \0$aPermeance.
=650  \0$aSeam.
=650  \0$aRetarder.
=650  14$aWater vapor transmission.
=650  24$aPermeance.
=650  24$aRetarder.
=650  24$aMoisture.
=650  24$aSeam.
=650  24$aClosure.
=700  1\$aDanny, Frank,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102028.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102030
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102030$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102030$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA1
=082  04$a620.1/12$223
=100  1\$aIba, Chiemi,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMeasurement of Water Permeability of Roof Tiles and Influence of Entrapped Air /$cChiemi Iba, Shuichi Hokoi.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b10
=520  3\$aFreezing damage in roof tiles is caused by a temperature drop in conjunction with a percent of saturation inside the tile. In order to understand the freezing-thawing process, it is necessary to know the moisture transport characteristics of a roof tile. In general, Japanese roof tiles have surface finishes. In this study, the water permeability of roof tiles with and without surface finishes was measured. The measured results showed that tiles with surface finishes had water resistances a few thousand-fold higher than tiles without surface finishes. Furthermore, it appears that the air entrapped within the tile has a significant influence on moisture transport in the tile. The influence of air was examined by numerical analysis, which demonstrated that an increase in the entrapped air pressure suppressed water infiltration.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPermeability.
=650  \0$aTiles.
=650  \0$aSaturation.
=650  \0$aEntrapped air.
=650  \0$aWater permeability.
=650  14$aRoof tile.
=650  24$aWater permeability.
=650  24$aEntrapped air.
=650  24$aSaturation.
=700  1\$aHokoi, Shuichi,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102030.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102032
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102032$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102032$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC851
=082  04$a551.5781/0285$223
=100  1\$aCornick, Steve,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSensitivity of Hygrothermal Analysis to Uncertainty in Rain Data /$cSteve Cornick, W. Alan Dalgliesh, Wahid Maref.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b38
=520  3\$aThis paper describes a small study carried out using a hygrothermal simulation tool to investigate the sensitivity of wall performance results to uncertainty in the amount of rain impinging on the wall. Design standards for hygrothermal analysis of proposed designs include methods for selecting appropriate moisture reference years and specify the amount of water that is assumed to intrude into the wall. Weather data used as input for modeling purposes is generally assumed to be reliable, but recent work has shown that there may be considerable uncertainty in the rainfall data. A small study was carried out to investigate the effect of uncertainty of rainfall data on the hygrothermal performance of a typical residential building envelope. Most hygrothermal models require fully populated hourly datasets, which include rain data. Many locations, however, do not have this kind of data although many have qualitative rain data. Ten locations with rain gage data were chosen as typical of most regions of Canada, except for the far north. Different methods in estimating rainfall were considered as well as variations on the amount of rain data were subsequently made. Several performance criteria, including total moisture content and a mold index, were compared. Although the choice of which method for deriving quantities of water from qualitative codes does cause differences in the hygrothermal response and consequently the performance criteria, these differences appear to be manageable. It is suggested that practitioners should show their awareness of the probable level of uncertainty by stating error bands for their predictions of performance. It should be emphasized that the sources of uncertainty dealt with in this small study are not the only ones, but that they do focus on water entry through leakage paths. The natures of the leakage paths likely introduce greater uncertainty, and should also be borne in mind.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aWeather signals.
=650  \0$aRadar meteorology.
=650  \0$aElectronic data processing$xMeteorology.
=650  \0$aRain and rainfall.
=650  \0$aWeather data.
=650  \0$aBuilding envelope.
=650  \0$aMoisture.
=650  \0$aRainfall.
=650  \0$aDesign.
=650  \0$aUncertainty.
=650  14$aHygrothermal simulation.
=650  24$aMoisture.
=650  24$aDesign.
=650  24$aWeather data.
=650  24$aRainfall.
=650  24$aUncertainty.
=650  24$aBuilding envelope.
=700  1\$aDalgliesh, W. Alan,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMaref, Wahid,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102032.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102034
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102034$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102034$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH7687.5
=082  04$a623.8/53$223
=100  1\$aFauchoux, Melanie T.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aTests of a Novel Ceiling Panel for Maintaining Space Relative Humidity by Moisture Transfer from an Aqueous Salt Solution /$cMelanie T. Fauchoux, Carey J. Simonson, David A. Torvi.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aRadiant ceiling panels are used to heat and cool occupied spaces as they satisfy comfort conditions better than all-air systems. Radiant panels also consume less energy as fan size and heating and cooling loads are reduced. A disadvantage of radiant ceiling panels is the lack of control of the relative humidity (RH) in the space, which can affect comfort. The goal of this research is to create a new ceiling panel that can transfer both heat and moisture to maintain temperature and RH in a space. The heat and moisture transfer panel (HAMP) is constructed from a porous membrane and uses a salt solution as the transfer media. Tests have been run on the HAMP using different salt solutions and temperatures in order to determine the amount of moisture transferred between the HAMP and the air. Given initially dry air, the HAMP is able to increase the RH of the air up to 15 % RH with water and up to 7.8 % RH with a salt solution. This results in a change in humidity ratio of 2.7 g/kg with water and 1.3 g/kg with a salt solution.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAir conditioning$xControl.
=650  \0$aHumidity$xControl.
=650  \0$aEnergy.
=650  \0$aEnergy Efficiency (incl Buildings)
=650  \0$aBuilding Physics, HVAC.
=650  \0$aPorous membrane.
=650  \0$aExperimental testing.
=650  \0$aHeat transfer.
=650  \0$aMoisture transfer.
=650  14$aExperimental testing.
=650  24$aRadiant ceiling panel.
=650  24$aHeat transfer.
=650  24$aMoisture transfer.
=650  24$aPorous membrane.
=650  24$aIndoor relative humidity.
=650  24$aHVAC.
=700  1\$aSimonson, Carey J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTorvi, David A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102034.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102035
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102035$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102035$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTG310
=082  04$a625.7$223
=100  1\$aPazera, Marcin,$eauthor.
=245  10$aModified Inverted Cup Test Method for Evaluating Moisture Penetration through Construction Materials /$cMarcin Pazera, Mark Bomberg.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b7
=520  3\$aThis paper presents a state-of–the-art review of the modified inverted cup (MIC) test method. The inverted cup method was introduced into ASTM E96, “Standard Test Method for Water Vapor Transmission of Materials,” several decades ago. However, its capability in evaluating moisture response of building materials has not been fully realized. Recently, a consensus was reached to develop an independent MIC standard under the jurisdiction of the same ASTM committee. The MIC test method quantifies moisture transport in liquid and vapor phases together and has several advantages over its counterpart ASTM D779, “Standard Test Method for Water Resistance of Paper, Paperboard, and Other Sheet Materials by the Dry Indicator Method,” boat test method. The MIC test method can also be employed in evaluating effectiveness of surface treatments including hydrophobic sealers and coatings on material surfaces as well as water resistive barriers, water vapor retarders, and certain insulation products. This paper also discusses the differences between various moisture transport tests, including ASTM E96 water vapor transmission, D779 (boat test method), and ponding test to resolve confusion related to their use. The paper shows that the results of MIC tests are valuable in quantifying moisture response of different materials.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aConcrete$xMoisture.
=650  \0$aConcrete$xPenetration resistance.
=650  \0$aCalcium chloride.
=650  \0$aMoisture transport.
=650  \0$aRuggedness study.
=650  14$aMoisture transport.
=650  24$aWater vapor transmission.
=650  24$aConstruction materials.
=650  24$aModified inverted cup test.
=650  24$aRuggedness study.
=700  1\$aBomberg, Mark,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102035.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102036
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102036$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102036$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA357
=082  04$a620.106$223
=100  1\$aIskra, Conrad R.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aConvective Mass Transfer Coefficients for Gypsum and Wood Paneling /$cConrad R. Iskra, Chris James, Prabal Talukdar, Carey J. Simonson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (18 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b29
=520  3\$aThis paper presents the measured convective mass transfer coefficients for humid air flowing above an initially dry gypsum and wood panel (equilibrium with 30 % RH air) in the transient moisture transfer (TMT) facility at the University of Saskatchewan. The convective coefficients are measured during laminar flow at three different Reynolds numbers (Re=800, 1500, and 2100) and with three different humidities in the air stream (50, 70, and 90 % RH). The results show that the measured mass transfer coefficients are lower than the values measured above an open water surface by Iskra and Simonson in a previous work. For gypsum, the convective mass transfer coefficient varies from 0.0016 to 0.0033 m/s (1.2×10−8 to 2.4×10−8 s/m) with 95 % confidence uncertainty bounds ranging from ±20 to ±57 %. For wood, the convective mass transfer coefficient varies from 0.0001 to 0.0008 m/s (9.4×10−10 to 5.7×10−9 s/m) with 95 % confidence uncertainty bounds ranging from ±50 to±300 %. The experimental data are analyzed with a 1-D heat and mass transfer numerical model to check the discrepancy with the experimental data. The uncertainty associated with an indirect determination of mass transfer coefficient is discussed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCascades (Fluid dynamics)$xMathematical models.
=650  \0$aMass transfer.
=650  \0$aWood-pulp.
=650  \0$aWood.
=650  \0$aPorous material.
=650  \0$aGypsum.
=650  14$aMass transfer coefficient.
=650  24$aGypsum.
=650  24$aWood.
=650  24$aPorous material.
=650  24$a1-D numerical model.
=700  1\$aJames, Chris,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTalukdar, Prabal,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSimonson, Carey J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102036.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102038
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102038$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102038$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA455.S34
=082  04$a691/.99$223
=100  1\$aNakagawa, Yoshiki,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEvaluation of the Durability Potential of Silyl Terminated Polyacrylate Based Construction Sealant /$cYoshiki Nakagawa, Sadao Yukimoto.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aIn this paper, we discuss the durability potential of silyl terminated polyacrylate based construction sealants. The durability and performance of a silyl terminated polyacrylate (STPA) based construction sealant have been evaluated in comparison to a typical silyl terminated polyether (STPE) and a silicone sealant in order to demonstrate the potential of the STPA sealant as a high durability, high performance construction sealant that is also suitable for glazing applications. The polyacrylate backbone of STPA polymer has higher durability, especially UV stability and heat resistance, than the polyether one of STPE polymer as shown by accelerated weathering tests using carbon-arc or superhigh irradiance xenon-light sources. Adhesion of the STPA sealant on glass was retained even after 10,000 h exposure to superhigh irradiance xenon-light [180 W/m2 (300–400 nm)]. The performance of the STPA based sealant has been compared to that of the STPE based sealant by testing according to several industrial International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and Japanese Industrial Standard (JIS) standards. The STPA based sealant conforms to a higher durability class specification than the STPE sealant, for example, the requirements of class 10030 are passed with the STPA sealant, while the STPE sealant passes only class 9030 as stipulated in JIS A 5758. Furthermore, a cyclic movement test of the STPA based sealant in a compression-extension machine shows no damage to the sealant even after 200,000 cycles of ±40 % movement at room temperature. This performance is much better than that of sealants based on other materials, such as STPE, polyurethane, polysulfide, and silicone. These evaluations suggest a high potential of STPA based sealant as durable elastomeric joint sealant, which can be used on a glass, including photocatalytic self-cleaning glass, which functions by decomposing organic materials and by providing a superhydrophilic surface.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSealing compounds.
=650  \0$aAdhesives.
=650  14$aTelechelic polyacrylate.
=650  24$aSilyl terminated polyacrylate.
=650  24$aExpansion-compression cycle test.
=700  1\$aYukimoto, Sadao,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102038.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102041
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102041$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102041$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA478
=082  04$a620.1/7/23$223
=100  1\$aAllazadeh, M. R.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAnalysis of Stress Concentration around Inclusions due to Thermally Induced Strain to the Steel Matrix /$cM. R. Allazadeh, C. I. Garcia, A. J. DeArdo, M. R. Lovell.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b41
=520  3\$aA finite element method (FEM) was employed to aid in the thermodynamic analysis of the cooling process of steel containing nonmetallic inclusions in a homogenous, isotropic, single-phase steel matrix. Three different contact techniques available in ANSYS were used in a 2-D model of Al2O3 inclusions in a 1010 steel grade to define different types of inclusion-steel interfaces. Comparisons of these numerical techniques examine the effect of the characteristic of the interface on the residual stress concentration zone around inclusions embedded in a steel matrix with an initially free stress state and their thermal interaction during the cooling process from 1300°C. Results are presented to discuss the significance of the inclusion surface and boundary conditions (axisymmetric and fully constrained) on the stress distribution within the stress concentration zone in the vicinity of the interface.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAluminum alloys$xStress corrosion.
=650  \0$aSteel alloys$xStress corrosion.
=650  \0$aTitanium alloys$xStress corrosion.
=650  14$aNonmetallic inclusion-steel matrix interface.
=650  24$aThermally induced strain.
=650  24$aFEM.
=650  24$aInclusion rigidity factor.
=650  24$aStress concentration zone.
=700  1\$aGarcia, C. I.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDeArdo, A. J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLovell, M. R.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102041.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102043
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102043$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102043$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH12.5
=082  04$a693.8$223
=100  1\$aMaref, W.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAssessment of Energy Rating of Polyurethane Spray Foam Walls :$bProcedure and Interim Results /$cW. Maref, H. Elmahdy, M. C. Swinton, F. Tariku.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b19
=520  3\$aThe application of polyurethane spray foam (SPF) insulation in buildings provides a durable and efficient thermal barrier. The industry is also promoting the SPF as an effective air barrier system in addition to its thermal insulation characteristics. In an effort to address these issues, a consortium of SPF manufacturers and contractors, jointly with the National Research Council of Canada’s Institute for Research in Construction conducted an extensive research project to assess the thermal and air leakage characteristics of SPF walls as well as conventional wall assemblies. The objective is to develop analytical and experimental procedures to determine a wall energy rating (WER) that captures both the thermal and airleakage performance of a wall assembly. The experimental part included two streams of testing: (1) To determine the wall air leakage rate at different conditions and (2) their thermal resistance, R-value, at different temperature differences. An analytical procedure was also developed to calculate WER by combining the heat loss due to thermal transmission and that due to air leakage with the aim of arriving at WER. Six conventional full-scale wood frame wall assemblies were built, two with glass fiber batts and of four with medium density SPF. Some walls were constructed without penetrations and others were built with penetrations. The testing regime included: (i) Initial testing of air leakage and thermal resistance; (ii) conditioning in the dynamic wall test facility according to an established routine; and (iii) retesting for air leakage and thermal resistance. This paper presents the results of six walls included in this project. The focus of this paper will be on presenting a brief summary of the project objective, testing protocol, and the theoretical approach to determine the WER number for the six walls.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBuilding materials$zUnited States$xDirectories.
=650  \0$aGreen products$zUnited States$xDirectories.
=650  \0$aLeadership in Energy and Environmental Design Green Building Rating System.
=650  \0$aSustainable construction.
=650  \0$aPolyurethane.
=650  \0$aEnergy rating.
=650  \0$aModeling.
=650  \0$aTesting.
=650  \0$aInsulation.
=650  \0$aExperiment.
=650  \0$aLaboratory.
=650  14$aPolyurethane.
=650  24$aInsulation.
=650  24$aEnergy rating.
=650  24$aTesting.
=650  24$aModeling.
=650  24$aLaboratory.
=650  24$aExperiment.
=700  1\$aElmahdy, H.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSwinton, M. C.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTariku, F.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102043.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102046
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102046$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102046$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRD796
=082  04$a617.1027/0924$223
=100  1\$aJohnson, Robert J.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aUpdate on Injury Trends in Alpine Skiing /$cRobert J. Johnson, Carl F. Ettlinger, Jasper E. Shealy.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b26
=520  3\$aOver the 34 years from December of 1972 to April of 2006 the authors evaluated prospectively 18,696 injuries sustained by 17,193 skiers and reported to the injury clinic operated in the base lodge of a medium-sized northern Vermont ski area. Data from a total of 3966 randomly selected uninjured controls were also collected. Over the period approximately 6,780,940 skier-visits were accrued by the area. The overall injury rate dropped by 55 % over the 34 years of the study to 1.9 injuries per thousand skier visits. Among lower extremity injuries only tibial plateau fractures produced a statistically significant negative trend. Twist-related lower leg injuries improved the most with a net reduction of 87 % over 34 years. Bending-related lower leg injuries showed no improvement in the last half of the study. Overall, the incidence of knee ligament injuries changed very little. However, the incidence of minor to moderate sprains diminished by 77 % while severe knee sprains, usually involving the anterior cruciate ligament, increased by 268 % through the early 90s. Since then there has been a 37 % improvement. Among upper body injuries only clavicle and humerus fractures produced statistically significant negative trends.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSkis and skiing.
=650  \0$aSkiing injuries.
=650  \0$aSkiing accidents.
=650  \0$aInjury rates.
=650  \0$aKnee injuries.
=650  \0$aLower leg injuries.
=650  \0$aSkiing injury trends.
=650  \0$aEpidemiology.
=650  14$aSkiing injury trends.
=650  24$aEpidemiology.
=650  24$aKnee injuries.
=650  24$aLower leg injuries.
=650  24$aInjury rates.
=700  1\$aEttlinger, Carl F.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aShealy, Jasper E.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102046.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102048
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102048$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102048$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH1715
=082  04$a693/.83$223
=100  1\$aLacasse, Michael A.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aWater Penetration of Cladding Components—Results from Laboratory Tests on Simulated Sealed Vertical and Horizontal Joints of Wall Cladding /$cMichael A. Lacasse, Hiroyuki Miyauchi, J. Hiemstra.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (21 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aConsiderable work has focused on the deterioration of jointing compounds used to seal building joints; less emphasis has been placed on understanding the consequences of seal failure, particularly in respect to watertightness. Jointing products are subjected to different climate effects; some induce aging in the sealant that in time leads to deficiencies. Deficiencies may also come about from design faults or improper installation. Water entry at deficiencies may lead to a number of different deteriorating effects on the building fabric that may induce failure of other envelope components or premature failure of the joint sealant. Joints are also subjected to substantial wind driven rain loads, in particular atop multi-story buildings. The approach taken in this study focuses on determining the fault tolerance of joint systems of a simulated wall panel when subjected to watertightness tests that emulate heightened wind-driven rain loads. Vertical and horizontal joints of 20 mm width and sealed with a one-component polyurethane product were subjected to water spray rates ranging between 1.6 and 6 L/(min-m2) and pressures of up to 2 kPa. Faults introduced to the sealed joint and representative of deficiencies through which water could penetrate consisted of cracks of 2 to 16 mm long introduced along the sealant to substrate interface. For specific crack lengths, the crack size related to the degree of joint extension, the extension reaching a maximum of 10 % of joint width. Rates of water entry across the joint were determined for cracks of different lengths and size and the nature of water entry at deficient joints in which cracks were introduced was also examined. Results on vertical joints indicated that water readily enters open cracks in relation to the crack size, quantity of water present at the crack, and pressure across the opening. Water may also penetrate cracks of nonextended “closed” joints.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMasonry$xPenetration resistance.
=650  \0$aWater leakage.
=650  \0$aFault tolerance.
=650  \0$aSealant failure.
=650  \0$aTesting.
=650  \0$aWater penetration.
=650  \0$aJoint deficiencies.
=650  \0$aWatertightness.
=650  14$aFault tolerance.
=650  24$aJoint deficiencies.
=650  24$aSealant failure.
=650  24$aWatertightness.
=650  24$aWater penetration.
=650  24$aTesting.
=700  1\$aMiyauchi, Hiroyuki,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHiemstra, J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102048.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102049
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102049$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102049$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRC815.7
=082  04$a616.3/2/07572$223
=100  1\$aEzuber, Hosni M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPrediction of Barium Sulfate Scale Formation in Oilfield Environment /$cHosni M. Ezuber.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b25
=520  3\$aThis paper represents a simple method for predicting potential scaling tendency of barium sulfate in NaCl-water solutions over a wide range of temperature and pressure solutions. The developed method has fitted the barium sulfate literature solubility data in a mathematical equation. This equation can easily predict the BaSO4 scaling tendency in environments common to oilfield brines. Results obtained using the present model are compared with numerous experimental, calculated literature data and oilfield well cases. The present method shows good agreement with the bulk of the literature and field observation. The method presented in this study is easy to use, reliable, and can be applied to any production well where BaSO4 scale occurs.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aEsophagus$xRadiography.
=650  \0$aHypopharynx$xRadiography.
=650  \0$aPrediction method.
=650  \0$aBarium sulfate.
=650  \0$aScale.
=650  14$aScale.
=650  24$aBarium sulfate.
=650  24$aPrediction method.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102049.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102052
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102052$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102052$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTE200
=082  04$a625.8/4$223
=100  1\$aRoppel,  Patrick,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSetting Realistic Design Indoor Conditions for Residential Buildings by Vapor Pressure Difference /$c Patrick Roppel, Mark Lawton, William C. Brown.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (32 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b30
=520  3\$aIndoor relative humidity (RH) is commonly used to characterize the indoor environment for heat-air-moisture (HAM) simulations, chamber studies, analysis of monitoring data, or test hut studies of buildings without recognition that indoor RH and condensation potential depend on concurrent outdoor temperature and RH. This can lead to the use of unrealistic boundary conditions for HAM simulations and test programs, which may result in misleading conclusions. In buildings operating without mechanical dehumidification, the indoor air moisture level (vapor pressure) is directly related to the outdoor vapor pressure, moisture sources in the space, and the level of ventilation. Mathematics suggests that one can expect buildings with similar operation, occupancy, and construction, but affected by different weather conditions, to have a similar difference between indoor and outdoor vapor pressures. This paper provides a foundation for selecting appropriate and realistic boundary conditions for the design of residential buildings that are based on vapor pressure difference with the aim to eliminate any significant bias for a particular climate. The paper will present the following: (1) Discussion of current standards that provide some guidance to selecting appropriate indoor moisture levels based on vapor pressure difference; (2) Moisture balance equations will be used to show the impact of ventilation and moisture generation rates on the vapor pressure difference; (3) Monitoring data for six multi-unit residential buildings in two Canadian climates (Toronto and Vancouver) showing the relationship between the outdoor temperatures and vapor pressure difference; (4) Analysis of seasonal indoor moisture conditions and their impact on HAM modeling based on assumed indoor RH and conditions derived by a constant vapor pressure difference; and (5) Exploration of the concept that vapor pressure difference and indoor RH are limited by moisture removal on windows.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPortland cement$xAdditives$xTesting.
=650  \0$aWaste products as road materials.
=650  \0$aCold weather construction.
=650  \0$aCracking.
=650  \0$aPortland cement concrete.
=650  \0$aSetting (Concrete)
=650  \0$aBuilding envelope.
=650  \0$aResidential buildings.
=650  \0$aIndoor environment.
=650  14$aResidential buildings.
=650  24$aBuilding envelope.
=650  24$aIndoor environment.
=650  24$aTools.
=650  24$aField monitoring and measurements.
=700  1\$aLawton, Mark,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBrown, William C.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102052.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102053
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102053$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102053$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP988
=082  04$a620.1/99$223
=100  1\$aDemarest, V.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aField Performance and Accelerated Weathering of High Performance Acrylic and Polyurethane Sealants for Tilt-Up Applications /$cV. Demarest, A. Liss, R. Queenan, P. Gorman.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aTo demonstrate the suitability of high performance acrylic sealants to low rise industrial construction applications, a laboratory prepared high performance acrylic sealant was compared to a commonly used, commercially available two part polyurethane sealant. The centerpiece of this comparison is an exterior exposure in El Paso, TX, in which the two sealants were professionally installed in alternating joints around the perimeter of a tilt-up warehouse. The sealants were also subjected to a battery of laboratory tests, including tensile testing, sealant specification testing, paintability, and accelerated weathering in both xenon arc and fluorescent UV devices. The 3 year El Paso exposure results, in combination with the laboratory, weathering, and application test results, demonstrate the performance advantages of the high performance acrylic sealant and highlight its inherent suitability for use in low rise industrial applications such as tilt-up warehouses.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSealants$xHistory.
=650  \0$aSealants.
=650  \0$aSealing compounds.
=650  \0$aCrazing.
=650  \0$aAcrylic sealant.
=650  \0$aPolyurethane sealant.
=650  \0$aDurability.
=650  14$aAcrylic sealant.
=650  24$aPolyurethane sealant.
=650  24$aTilt-up.
=650  24$aDurability.
=650  24$aCrazing.
=650  24$aAccelerated weathering.
=700  1\$aLiss, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aQueenan, R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGorman, P.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102053.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102057
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102057$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102057$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTE7
=082  04$a625.888$223
=100  1\$aNelson, Peter E.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCompact Asphalt Shingle Roof Systems :$bShould They be Vented? /$cPeter E. Nelson, Jason S. Der Ananian.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (18 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b14
=520  3\$aTraditional steep-slope roof systems for the residential buildings (single-family homes and multi-building apartment or condominium buildings) consist of asphalt glass-fiber shingles applied over vented or unvented attics. The long-term performance of these roofs is primarily dependent on geographic location, proper roof ventilation, roof slope, material component selection and color, as well as proper detailing and construction. There is a trend towards maximizing interior space in residential dwellings by constructing compact steep-slope roof systems with cathedral or vaulted ceilings without proper venting of the asphalt shingle roof system, which, in turn, may reduce the life of the shingles. The primary reason for venting is to convey water vapor. Build up in the roof, to outside the building. Although few building code jurisdictions are relaxing the requirement for roof ventilation in compact steep slope roof systems, ventilation is still typically required by most building codes. Where allowed by the code, designers and contractors tend to omit the vented air space and favor the use of closed cell spray-applied foam insulations (polyurethane) or permeable insulation combined with vapor retarders to help control the build up of destructive moisture levels within the roof. This article presents the results of numerical case studies created in WUFI® that demonstrate the need for venting in unvented asphalt shingle roof systems with a variety of insulation and vapor retarder materials in a hot (Miami, FL) and cold (Boston, MA) climates. The models utilize historical hourly weather data to simulate the time-varying exterior conditions and examine the effect of natural ventilation and incidental roof leakage on hygrothermal performance of unvented and vented steep-slope roof assemblies. The interior conditions for residential buildings in the models are set at 21.1°C±1.1°C (70°F±2°F) and 35 %±15 % relative humidity. We selected the drying potential and the robustness of the moisture-sensitive roof system materials in response to incidental roof leakage to measure the performance of the roof assembly. Our study showed better durability of vented roof assemblies with permeable insulation in cold climates due to redundancies that can tolerate incidental moisture and provide visual indicators of roof leakage; roof sheathing typically dries in 1-1/2 to 2 months. All of the unvented roof assemblies are intolerant of incidental water leakage and the moisture-sensitive layers (i.e., sheathing and gypsum wallboard (for open-cell polyurethane insulation)) exceed the threshold for decay. In hot, humid climates, the most durable roof assemblies are the vented, open-cell polyurethane systems with shorter drying time of the interior gypsum wallboard when compared to the unvented roof assembly; both the sheathing and gypsum wallboard dry out within 2-1/2 months. In an unvented assembly, the drying time for sheathing is similar but the drying time for gypsum wallboard increases to 6.5 months on average. Alternatively, unvented permeable shingled roofs are a viable option in hot, humid climates, although they are slightly less durable. The least tolerant roof assemblies in either climate are the unvented closed-cell polyurethane roof assembly due to trapped moisture and slow drying of the roof sheathing (up to 12 months in Miami, FL and 27 months in Boston, MA)
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAsphalt cement$xSpecifications.
=650  \0$aAsphalt cement.
=650  \0$aCurbs.
=650  \0$aRoof gutters.
=650  \0$aUnvented.
=650  \0$aVented.
=650  \0$aMoisture.
=650  \0$aAsphalt shingle roof.
=650  14$aAsphalt shingle roof.
=650  24$aVented.
=650  24$aUnvented.
=650  24$aMoisture.
=650  24$aWUFI® computer model.
=650  24$aSpray-foam insulation.
=700  1\$aDer Ananian, Jason S.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102057.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102059
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102059$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102059$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTJ789
=082  04$a621.43/4$223
=100  1\$aFang, Yuan,$eauthor.
=245  10$aProposed Modifications for Models of Heat Transfer Problems Involving Partially Melted Phase Change Processes /$cYuan Fang, Mario A. Medina.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (20 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b14
=520  3\$aAir conditioning electricity consumption in summer represents a challenge in many areas with hot and humid climates. When incorporated into lightweight residential building walls, phase change materials (PCMs) can increase the effective thermal mass of the wall, which in turn will shift part of the cooling load to off-peak times and lower the peak space cooling load of the building. From analyses of experimental data, it was found that it was very likely that the PCMs, once integrated into the walls, would “start” the phase change process from partially melted states. Currently used simulation models, including the most widely accepted models, such as the effective heat capacity method and the enthalpy method, come short when handling phase change processes that start from partially melted states. The characteristics of how the heat is absorbed or released during the phase change process were studied through experimental and theoretical analyses. A differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) method and its detailed steps, used to obtain latent heat of fusion distribution along the phase change temperature range, are presented. Based on the DSC test data, a modified PCM model for a paraffin-based PCM was developed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aEnergy Harvesting.
=650  \0$aAutomotive Engineering.
=650  \0$aSimulation and Modeling.
=650  \0$aThermodynamics.
=650  \0$aEngineering Thermodynamics, Heat and Mass Transfer.
=650  \0$aHeat transfer model.
=650  \0$aSimulation.
=650  14$aPCM.
=650  24$aHeat transfer model.
=650  24$aDSC.
=650  24$aSimulation.
=700  1\$aMedina, Mario A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102059.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102062
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102062$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102062$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA684
=082  04$a624.1/821$223
=100  1\$aGusev, M. N.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aUnusual Enhancement of Ductility Observed During Evolution of a “Deformation Wave” in 12Cr18Ni10Ti Stainless Steel Irradiated in BN-350 /$cM. N. Gusev, O. P. Maksimkin, I. S. Osipov, N. S. Silniagina, F. A. Garner.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aWhereas most previous irradiation studies conducted at lower neutron exposures in the range 100–400°C have consistently produced strengthening and strongly reduced ductility in stainless steels, it now appears possible that higher exposures may lead to a reversal in ductility loss for some steels. A new radiation-induced phenomenon has been observed in 12Cr18Ni10Ti stainless steel irradiated to 26 and 55 dpa. It involves “a moving wave of plastic deformation” at 20 and 60°C that produces “anomalously” high values of engineering ductility, especially when compared to deformation occurring at lower neutron exposures. Due to the concentrated deformation occurring at the wave front, the wave moves much faster than the mechanically applied strain rate. However, when strained at 120°C the moving wave is not observed, indicating that the phenomenon operates at lower test temperatures. Using the technique of digital optical extensometry, the “true stress–true strain” curves were obtained. It appears that the moving wave of plastic deformation occurs as a result of an increase in the strain hardening rate, dσ/dε(ε). The increase in strain hardening is thought to arise from an irradiation-induced increase in the propensity of the γ→α martensitic transformation.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSteel, Structural.
=650  \0$aStructural design.
=650  \0$aElastoplastische Deformation.
=650  \0$aDeformation wave.
=650  \0$aHigh damage dose.
=650  \0$aMartensite.
=650  14$aDeformation wave.
=650  24$a12Cr18Ni10Ti stainless steel.
=650  24$aHigh damage dose.
=650  24$aMartensite.
=700  1\$aMaksimkin, O. P.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aOsipov, I. S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSilniagina, N. S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGarner, F. A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102062.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102067
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102067$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102067$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA419
=082  04$a674$223
=100  1\$aMaref, W.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDrying Response of Wood-Frame Construction :$bLaboratory and Modeling /$cW. Maref, M. A. Lacasse.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (28 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aRecent research in the assessment of hygrothermal response of building enclosures focuses on both laboratory experimentation and modeling in which the results from both processes are compared. Evidently such type of studies can potentially offer useful information regarding the benchmarking of models and related methods to assess hygrothermal performance of wall assemblies. This paper reports on experimental results and the use of an advanced hygrothermal computer model called hygIRC to assess the hygrothermal response of various components in wood-frame wall assemblies when subjected to nominally steady-state environmental conditions. There was interest in obtaining information on the drying rates of wall components, in particular, oriented strand board (OSB), featuring several different types of membrane in contact with OSB given that such results could provide direct evidence of the degree to which membranes may retain moisture and affect moisture migration. On this basis, the drying responses of mid-scale specimens of approximately (0.8×1 m2) and full-scale specimens (2.44×2.44 m2) were assessed in a series of experiments undertaken in a controlled laboratory setting. The results were subsequently used to help benchmark simulation results obtained from hygIRC in which a comparison is made between experimental and simulation results.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aWood$xCanada.
=650  \0$aBois$xCanada.
=650  \0$aProduits forestiers$xIndustrie$zCanada.
=650  \0$aEnvelope.
=650  \0$aMoisture.
=650  \0$aDrying.
=650  \0$aModeling.
=650  \0$aBuilding system.
=650  \0$aHeat transfer.
=650  \0$aMass transfer.
=650  \0$aAir transport.
=650  \0$aWood product.
=650  14$aAir transport.
=650  24$aBuilding system.
=650  24$aDrying.
=650  24$aEnvelope.
=650  24$aHeat transfer.
=650  24$aMass transfer.
=650  24$aModeling.
=650  24$aMoisture.
=650  24$aWood product.
=700  1\$aLacasse, M. A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102067.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102070
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102070$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102070$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC100
=082  04$a539.7/212/0212$223
=100  1\$aServer, William,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFurther Results on Attenuation of Neutron Embrittlement Effects in a Simulated RPV Wall /$cWilliam Server, Milan Brumovský, Milos Kytka, Naoki Soneda, Jack Spanner.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aA carefully designed irradiation experiment was conducted in which a 190 mm thick reactor pressure vessel (RPV) wall has been simulated using nineteen 10 mm thick slices, 18 of which are made from key RPV steels, and irradiated under test reactor conditions to investigate the through-wall attenuation of neutron embrittlement. Preliminary results for two of the irradiated materials (a low copper content plate and a high copper content Linde 80 flux weld) were reported earlier. The third irradiated RPV steel was the international reference steel designated JRQ, and this paper describes the results for this steel along with updated analyses for the other two steels. Comparisons of predicted attenuation changes in toughness properties with measured fracture toughness and Charpy V-notch results are presented for all three RPV steels. The predictions of through-wall attenuation follow the practice defined in ASTM E900-02 and Regulatory Guide 1.99, Revision 2, in which the attenuation of high energy neutron fluence (E>1 MeV) is projected based upon an approximate displacements per atom (dpa) change through the wall thickness. The resultant degree of material damage using this dpa-based fluence change is estimated using current embrittlement correlation models.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPhysics$xTables.
=650  \0$aAttenuation (Physics)$xTables.
=650  \0$aAttenuation (Physics)
=650  \0$aPhysics.
=650  14$aThrough-wall damage attenuation.
=650  24$aMaster Curve fracture toughness.
=650  24$aCharpy V-notch.
=650  24$aDpa.
=700  1\$aBrumovský, Milan,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKytka, Milos,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSoneda, Naoki,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSpanner, Jack,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102070.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102074
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102074$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102074$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aR857.M3
=082  04$a617/.95$223
=100  1\$aCheng, Christopher P.,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Review of Peripheral Vascular Deformations due to Respiration and Musculoskeletal Influences /$cChristopher P. Cheng.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b20
=520  3\$aThe vascular system is extremely dynamic with motions generated from cardiac pulsatility, respiration, and musculoskeletal influences. This paper reviews in vivo non-pulsatile, non-radial deformations in the abdominal aorta, and iliac, superficial femoral, renal, and carotid arteries. Medical imaging modalities and geometric modeling and quantification techniques are also briefly outlined. The axial strain, twisting, and bending deformations of these arteries are essential for establishing the boundary conditions by which to evaluate, regulate, and design vascular implants.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aVascular grafts$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aBiomedical materials.
=650  \0$aCardiovascular instruments, Implanted.
=650  \0$aOrthopedic implants.
=650  \0$aVascular grafts.
=650  \0$aGeometric modeling.
=650  \0$aMedical imaging.
=650  \0$aVascular deformations.
=650  \0$aVascular implants.
=650  14$aVascular deformations.
=650  24$aVascular implants.
=650  24$aMedical imaging.
=650  24$aGeometric modeling.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102074.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102084
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102084$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102084$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTE716.L8
=082  04$a666.893$223
=100  1\$aPoole, Toy S.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPredicting Seven-Day Heat of Hydration of Hydraulic Cement from Standard Test Properties /$cToy S. Poole.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b7
=520  3\$aMeasuring heat of hydration in hydraulic cements using ASTM C186, “Method for Heat of Hydration of Hydraulic Cement,” has presented certain problems in practice. This paper investigates the usefulness of other standard test properties of hydraulic cements, which are known to relate to heat of hydration, for predicting seven-day heat of hydration. Such calculated values of heat of hydration may have value as the basis for specification requirements.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSlag cement $xTesting.
=650  \0$aWaste products as road materials$zLouisiana$xTesting.
=650  \0$aGranulated slag.
=650  \0$aHeat of hydration.
=650  \0$aPrediction.
=650  \0$aHydraulic cement.
=650  \0$aPortland cement.
=650  14$aHydraulic cement.
=650  24$aPortland cement.
=650  24$aHeat of hydration.
=650  24$aPrediction.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102084.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102085
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102085$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102085$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH7687
=082  04$a697.9/32$223
=100  1\$aFazio, Paul,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA New Testing Method to Evaluate the Relative Drying Performance of Different Building Envelope Systems Using Water Trays in Stud Cavities as Moisture Source /$cPaul Fazio, Arslan Alturkistani, Jiwu Rao, Qian Mao.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b20
=520  3\$aDue to defects in construction, design, and/or deterioration during operation, failure occurs where rain water penetrates into stud cavities of wall systems. Some wall systems tolerate this water intrusion better than others. A new test method has been developed to evaluate the relative capacities of different wall systems to dry out the invading water. In the test setup, the walls of a two-story test hut were made up of 31 wall assemblies (each 2.44×0.76 m2) of different configurations. The hut was erected within a large climatic chamber and subjected to a steady-state climatic loading for 288 days. Within each stud cavity, a water tray on an electronic load cell was placed on the bottom plate to provide a moisture source that represents water penetrating into the stud cavity and provides a consistent moisture loading from one specimen to another. Each wall assembly was instrumented with 25 gravimetric samples and relative humidity and temperature sensors/probes. Indexes were developed to indicate the relative performance of the walls.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aDrying agents.
=650  \0$aDrying apparatus.
=650  \0$aEngineering.
=650  \0$aBuilding Physics, HVAC.
=700  1\$aAlturkistani, Arslan,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRao, Jiwu,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMao, Qian,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102085.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102087
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102087$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102087$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.76
=082  04$a671.53$223
=100  1\$aMukhopadhyaya, Phalguni,$eauthor.
=245  10$aRole of Vapor Barrier in Wood-Frame Stucco Wall in Various North American Climates :$bObservations from Hygrothermal Simulation /$cPhalguni Mukhopadhyaya, Fang Ping, Kumar Kumaran, David van Reenen.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b29
=520  3\$aThis paper investigates the role of the vapor barrier in exterior wood-frame stucco walls with the help of a two-dimensional hygrothermal simulation tool, hygIRC-2D. For this purpose, the wall is subjected to the exterior weather conditions of six different North American geographic locations and three different interior climatic conditions. Seven different vapor diffusion strategies, generated by varying the water vapor permeance of the vapor barrier, installed outboard of the interior finish, have been studied to generate critical understanding on the role of vapor barrier in the wood-frame stucco walls. The outputs from the simulations have been analyzed with the help of a novel moisture response indicator called RHT index. Simulation results indicate that the vapor transmission characteristics of the vapor barrier, in terms of water vapor permeance, play a very important role in the overall moisture response of the wood-frame stucco wall. A very high or low vapor permeance of the vapor barrier does not produce the optimum moisture management strategy for the wood-frame stucco wall. Moreover, simulation results indicate that the removal of vapor barrier from the wall system can result in a heightened moisture response and a considerable accumulation of moisture in the interior gypsum board that may lead to severe consequences in particular, the premature deterioration of the interior facing gypsum board. It has also been observed from the simulation outputs that the optimum vapor diffusion strategy, that of limiting the vapor permeance of the vapor barrier, is not a function of interior climatic conditions considered in this study. It is hoped that the results reported in this paper will shed some light on a number of concerns raised in recent years on the role of vapor barrier in wood-frame stucco wall construction.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBarrier coatings.
=650  \0$aProtective coatings.
=650  \0$aVapor-plating.
=650  \0$aExterior climate.
=650  \0$aVapor barrier.
=650  14$aVapor barrier.
=650  24$aWater vapor permeance.
=650  24$aWood-frame stucco wall.
=650  24$aExterior climate.
=700  1\$aPing, Fang,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKumaran, Kumar,$eauthor.
=700  1\$avan Reenen, David,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102087.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102091
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102091$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102091$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH9146
=082  04$a620.12$223
=100  1\$aMaref, W.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aExperimental Assessment of Hygrothermal Properties of Wood-Frame Wall Assemblies—Moisture Content Calibration Curve for OSB Using Moisture Pins /$cW. Maref, M. A. Lacasse, D. Booth.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aAs part of a research program to establish the hygrothermal response of wood-frame wall assemblies to varying climate conditions, a series of drying experiments was performed in a programmable environmental chamber used to replicate exterior climatic conditions. In these experiments, bulk moisture content of the assembly was measured using a weighing system, and as well, measurements of local moisture content of oriented strand board (OSB) sheathing were taken with the use of electrical resistance moisture pin pairs. The local moisture content of the OSB was based on the relationship between moisture content and electrical resistance determined from a series of controlled laboratory experiments on OSB specimens of the same type and thickness. This paper reports on the results from experimental tests on seven small-size OSB specimens to establish the correlation between electrical resistance and the moisture content of the OSB. The process required the installation of several moisture pin pairs at different locations on and depths in the OSB. The weights of specimens together with resistance measurements taken across each pair of moisture pins were continuously monitored and results captured on a data acquisition unit. Details are provided in regard to electrical resistance measurements, the data acquisition unit, and method of weighing specimens. The results of the tests provided a simple equation to correlate moisture content of OSB to electrical resistance measurements using moisture pins pairs and as well correlation to moisture measurements using commercially available moisture metre. Given that moisture reading results obtained from commercially available moisture metres typically correlate to a specific wood species, the work completed in these experimental tests can be used to determine moisture contents in OSB from moisture metre readings.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aWooden-frame buildings$xFires and fire prevention.
=650  \0$aBuilding.
=650  \0$aFire extinction.
=650  \0$aFire.
=650  \0$aWood.
=650  \0$aBuilding, Fireproof.
=650  \0$aEnvelope.
=650  \0$aMoisture.
=650  \0$aDrying.
=650  \0$aCalibration.
=650  \0$aHeat transfer.
=650  \0$aMass transfer.
=650  \0$aMoisture pins.
=650  \0$aWood product.
=650  14$aCalibration.
=650  24$aDrying.
=650  24$aEnvelope.
=650  24$aHeat transfer.
=650  24$aMass transfer.
=650  24$aMoisture.
=650  24$aMoisture pins.
=650  24$aOSB.
=650  24$aWood product.
=700  1\$aLacasse, M. A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBooth, D.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102091.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102092
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2008\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102092$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102092$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTE205
=082  04$a625.8/028$223
=100  1\$aLucon, Enrico,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Influence of Instrumented Striker Configuration on the Results of Dynamic Toughness Testing /$cEnrico Lucon.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2008.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b29
=520  3\$aSeveral studies are available on the influence of the edge radius of instrumented strikers (ASTM — 8 mm or ISO — 2 mm) on the results of both non-instrumented and instrumented Charpy tests. This paper investigates the effect of using either a 2 mm or a 8 mm striker when performing dynamic toughness tests at impact loading rates on precracked Charpy specimens. Existing data from tests run in the ductile-to-brittle region (dynamic Master Curve reference temperature) and in the upper shelf regime (ductile initiation fracture toughness and crack resistance curves) have been analyzed. The results show that 2 mm strikers tend to yield lower cleavage fracture toughness in the transition region (although the effect cannot be considered statistically significant), whereas the influence of striker configuration is negligible in the upper shelf regime when data are generated using the low-blow multiple-specimen technique.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aModulus of elasticity.
=650  \0$aCohesive soils.
=650  \0$aDynamic tests.
=650  \0$aDynamic Master Curve.
=650  \0$aLow-blow technique.
=650  \0$aStriking edge radius.
=650  14$aInstrumented Charpy tests.
=650  24$aStriking edge radius.
=650  24$aDynamic toughness tests.
=650  24$aPrecracked Charpy specimens.
=650  24$aDynamic Master Curve.
=650  24$aLow-blow technique.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 5, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2008$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102092.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102095
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102095$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102095$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN752.Q4
=082  04$a672.36$223
=100  1\$aRajeev, P. T.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aModeling of Quenching and Tempering Induced Phase Transformations in Steels /$cP. T. Rajeev, L. Jin, T. N. Farris, S. Chandrasekar.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (19 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b22
=520  3\$aQuenching and tempering are common processes used in the manufacture of steel components. The development of simulation tools for quenching is critical for improving process performance by minimizing component distortion and maximizing service life. While modeling of quenching has received considerable attention, there has not been much work on similar tools for tempering. This paper presents an efficient simulation tool to predict microstructure, temperature, and stress evolution, and is applicable to both quenching and tempering processes. This method takes into account the temperature dependence of material properties, transformation strains, latent heats of transformation, and transformation plasticity. Furthermore, three different micromechanical approaches are implemented and studied to simulate steel as a multiphase constitutive material: the average property model, the Voigt model, and the Reuss model. These models assume that the properties of a unit volume of material can be derived, respectively, by applying the linear rule of mixtures to the material properties of its constituent phases, by assuming that all constituent phases have the same strain field, and by assuming that all constituent phases have the same stress field. The model predicts the microstructure, stress, and distortion in the heat treated component. The simulation model is implemented within the framework of the ABAQUS finite element package by taking advantage of its advanced features to incorporate user defined material properties. Given that the material properties are strongly dependent on carbon content, the simulation method is tested using experiments with modified 4320 steel plates that were carburized on one side to amplify distortion when quenched, due to martensitic phase transformation. Distorted shapes are measured and compared to model predictions for both quenching and tempering. The detailed comparisons provide confidence in the model as well as suggestions for improvement.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMetals$xQuenching.
=650  \0$aAlloys$xQuenching.
=650  \0$aMetals$xHeat treatment.
=650  \0$aMetals$xHardenability.
=700  1\$aJin, L.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFarris, T. N.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aChandrasekar, S.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102095.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102096
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102096$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102096$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA660.T34
=082  04$a681/.76041$223
=100  1\$aServer, William L.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aInternational Atomic Energy Agency Coordinated Research Projects on Structural Integrity of Reactor Pressure Vessels /$cWilliam L. Server, Randy K. Nanstad.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (17 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b23
=520  3\$aThe International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) has conducted a series of coordinated research projects (CRPs) that have focused on irradiated reactor pressure vessel (RPV) steel fracture toughness properties and approaches for assuring structural integrity of RPVs throughout operating life. A series of nine CRPs has been sponsored by the IAEA, starting in the early 1970s, focused on neutron radiation effects on RPV steels. The purpose of the CRPs was to develop comparisons and correlations to test the uniformity of irradiated results through coordinated international research studies and data sharing. Consideration of dose rate effects, effects of alloying (nickel, manganese, silicon, etc.) and residual elements (e.g., copper and phosphorus), and drop in upper shelf toughness is also important for assessing neutron embrittlement effects. The ultimate use of embrittlement understanding is assuring structural integrity of the RPV under current and future operation and accident conditions. Material fracture toughness is the key ingredient needed for this assessment, and many of the CRPs have focused on measurement and application of irradiated fracture toughness. This paper presents an overview of the progress made since the inception of the CRPs in the early 1970s. The chronology and importance of each CRP have been reviewed and put into context for continued and long-term safe operation of RPVs.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPressure vessels.
=650  \0$aPressure vessels$xDesign and construction.
=650  \0$aPiping$xDesign and construction.
=650  \0$aMaster curve.
=650  \0$aCopper.
=650  \0$aFracture toughness.
=650  \0$aCharpy impact.
=650  14$aReactor pressure vessels.
=650  24$aFracture toughness.
=650  24$aMaster curve.
=650  24$aRadiation embrittlement.
=650  24$aCharpy impact.
=650  24$aNickel.
=650  24$aCopper.
=650  24$aPWR.
=650  24$aWWER.
=700  1\$aNanstad, Randy K.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102096.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102098
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102098$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102098$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.9.C6
=082  04$a620.170287$223
=100  1\$aSarmiento, Gustavo Sánchez,$eauthor.
=245  10$aWater and Polymer Quenching of Aluminum Alloys :$bA Review of the Effect of Surface Condition, Water Temperature, and Polymer Quenchant Concentration on the Yield Strength of 7075-T6 Aluminum Plate /$cGustavo Sánchez Sarmiento, Carlos Bronzini, Antonio Carlos Canale, Lauralice C. F. Canale, George E. Totten.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (18 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b24
=520  3\$aCold water is perhaps the most common quenchant used for heat treatable aluminum alloys. In many situations, excessive distortion and cracking problems require the use of a less severe quenchant such as hot water or a Type I aqueous polymer quenchant. However, when these alternative quenching media are used, the distortion improvement achieved is typically accompanied by a corresponding loss of strength. This paper will provide an overview of cold versus hot water quenching and the potential use of Type I polymer quenchants. The potential use of quench factor analysis to aid in quenchant media selection and corresponding property prediction is reviewed and applications are demonstrated. The often dramatic impact of the surface condition of aluminum on quenching performance and properties achieved will also be included in this review.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aWater.
=650  \0$aFluid dynamics.
=650  \0$aSteel, Galvanized$xTesting.
=650  \0$aMetals$xQuenching.
=650  \0$aMathematical modelling.
=650  \0$aModeling.
=650  \0$aQuenching.
=650  14$aQuenching.
=650  24$aQuench factor analysis.
=650  24$aHeat transfer coefficient.
=650  24$aModeling.
=700  1\$aBronzini, Carlos,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aCanale, Antonio Carlos,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aCanale, Lauralice C. F.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTotten, George E.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102098.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102100
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102100$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102100$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK7872.F73
=082  04$a621.3815/486$223
=100  1\$aLucon, Enrico,$eauthor.
=245  10$aOn the Effectiveness of the Dynamic Force Adjustment for Reducing the Scatter of Instrumented Charpy Results /$cEnrico Lucon.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b24
=520  3\$aOne of the key factors for obtaining reliable instrumented Charpy results is the calibration of the instrumented striker. An interesting alternative to the conventional static calibration recommended by the standards is the dynamic force adjustment (DFA), in which forces and displacements are iteratively adjusted until equality is achieved between absorbed energies calculated under the test record (Wt) and measured by the machine encoder (KV). In this study, the procedure has been applied to the instrumented data obtained by ten international laboratories using notched and precracked Charpy specimens, in the framework of a Coordinated Research Project (CRP8) of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA). DFA is extremely effective in reducing the between-laboratory scatter for both general yield and maximum forces. The effect is less significant for dynamic reference temperatures measured from precracked Charpy specimens using the Master Curve procedure, but a moderate reduction of the standard deviation is, however, observed. It is shown that striker calibration is a prominent contribution to the interlaboratory variability of instrumented impact forces, particularly in the case of maximum forces.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFrequency synthesizers$xCalibration.
=650  \0$aFrequency synthesizers$xAutomatic control.
=650  \0$aIAEA CRP8.
=650  \0$aDynamic Master Curve.
=650  \0$aStriker calibration.
=650  14$aInstrumented Charpy tests.
=650  24$aStriker calibration.
=650  24$aDynamic force adjustment.
=650  24$aIAEA CRP8.
=650  24$aBetween-laboratory scatter.
=650  24$aDynamic Master Curve.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102100.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102101
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102101$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102101$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aS592.6.O73
=082  04$a631.4/17$223
=100  1\$aOhtsubo, M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDistribution and Correlation of Tributyltin and Organic Matter in the Sediments of Hakata Bay, Japan /$cM. Ohtsubo, T. Higashi, M. Kanayama, S. Inoue, Y. Oshima.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b36
=520  3\$aTributyltin (TBT) is used as effective antifouling agents in boat paints and has been found to be present in marine and freshwaters ecosystem at concentrations exceeding acute and chronic toxicity levels. In the present study, horizontal and vertical TBT distributions in the sediment of Hakata Bay, Japan, have been investigated. Basic properties of the sediment such as clay mineralogy, particle size and organic matter content were also determined, and their relations with TBT concentrations in the sediment were discussed, focusing on organic matter. Sediments in the study sites consist mostly of clay soil with clay fraction of 21 % to 35 %, and major clay minerals in the sediments were smectite, followed by vermiculite, illite, and kaolinite. TBT concentration in overlying water ranged from 13 to 94 ng⋅L−1 at locations within the harbor, and from 13 to 32 ng⋅L−1 at locations outside of the harbor. TBT concentration in top 3 cm sediment varied from 0.018 to 1.101 mg⋅kg−1. Sorption coefficient was in a range of 1.03 to 5.7×103 (L kg−1) for sediments at most stations, and on the order of 104 for sediments with higher organic matter content. The organic matter content and TBT concentration in sediments changed with depth in a similar pattern at all stations. The organic matter decreased with depth up to 12 cm and was almost constant below 12 cm. TBT concentrations appeared to be higher at depth above 12 cm than below 12 cm. A positive correlation was observed between TBT concentration and organic matter content for all core samples data. According to other researchers, an increase in TBT concentration due to increase in organic matter appears to be the results of sorption of TBT+ on negatively charged surfaces of organic matter as well as hydrophobic sorption of TBT compounds on organic matter.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSoils$xOrganic compound content.
=650  \0$aMarine sediments.
=650  \0$aSewage sludge.
=650  \0$aSédiments marins.
=650  \0$aSorption.
=650  \0$aTributyltin.
=650  \0$aOrganic matter.
=650  \0$aMarine sediment.
=650  14$aTributyltin.
=650  24$aMarine sediment.
=650  24$aOrganic matter.
=650  24$aSorption.
=700  1\$aHigashi, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKanayama, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aInoue, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aOshima, Y.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102101.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102104
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102104$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102104$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTD878
=082  04$a363.739/4$223
=100  1\$aNosari, Valeriano Pastore Nicola,$eauthor.
=245  10$aRemediation of Harbor Sediments Contaminated by Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon and Metals /$cValeriano Pastore Nicola Nosari, Gianluigi Geddo.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b6
=520  3\$aThe Taranto harbor area is included in the Italian National Priority List of contaminated sites. For the enlargement works of the fourth quay in the Taranto harbor, the remediation of contaminated sediments shall be carried out. The existing jetty was devoted to unloading of iron ore for the nearby ILVA steel mill. The sea depth in the intervention area ranges between 2 and 10 m and contaminated sediments (up to 3 m thick) are deposited on a layer of overconsolidated hard clay. The characterization activity of the area was carried out by ICRAM (a public sea research institute) indicating the presence of both organic (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon) and inorganic (metals) contaminants in the sediments. The remediation project consists of the two following phases: Mechanical dredging of highly contaminated sediments (15.500 m3) using low-turbidity tools and hydraulic excavation of sediments with a lower level of contamination (360.000 m3). Abiding by national regulations, the highly contaminated sediments will be treated in a dedicated plant while the sediments with a low level of contamination will be deposited in large ponds. The impact of dredging activities shall be mitigated by specific precautions. The possibility of beneficial reuse of dredged material was also studied, especially for low contamination sediments, as well as compatibility with national regulations. A specific monitoring plan will be enacted for the entire duration of remediation works, which are expected to start in 2010.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aContaminated sediments$xManagement.
=650  \0$aMarine sediments.
=650  \0$aHarbors.
=650  \0$aWaterways.
=650  \0$aDredging.
=650  \0$aMonitoring.
=650  \0$aMitigation.
=650  \0$aTreatment.
=650  14$aContaminated sediments.
=650  24$aDredging.
=650  24$aTreatment.
=650  24$aMitigation.
=650  24$aMonitoring.
=700  1\$aGeddo, Gianluigi,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102104.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102106
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102106$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102106$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP359.V44
=082  04$a665.5/385$223
=100  1\$aNadkarni, R. A. Kishore,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFoam Tests for Lubricating Oils :$bLimitations of Reliability and Reproducibility /$cR. A. Kishore Nadkarni.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b14
=520  3\$aThe ASTM D892 foam test is a simple yet important method for evaluating the foaming tendency and stability of lubricating oils. Numerous interlaboratory studies have clearly shown the poor repeatability and reproducibility of this test. Often the quality of diffusers used in the test is questionable, yet many laboratories do not verify the diffuser quality. Perhaps using only the metal diffusers will improve the situation since these are machine made and can be fabricated to the required maximum pore size and permeability specifications. A review of the critical factors involved in conducting the ASTM D892 foam test is presented. Changes are proposed to the materials and procedures that will improve the precision of this important test method.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aVegetable oils as fuel.
=650  \0$aLubricating oils$xBiocompatibility.
=650  \0$aPlant biotechnology.
=650  \0$aBiomass energy.
=650  \0$aEngineering.
=650  \0$aChemical engineering.
=650  \0$aFoam.
=650  \0$aHigh temperature foam.
=650  \0$aDiffusers.
=650  \0$aLubricating oils.
=650  14$aDiffusers.
=650  24$aFoam.
=650  24$aHigh temperature foam.
=650  24$aLubricating oils.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102106.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102108
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102108$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102108$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQE471
=082  04$a552/.5$223
=100  1\$aMcLaren, Patrick,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSediment Trend Analysis in Support of Unexploded Explosive Ordnance Risk Assessment /$cPatrick McLaren, Matthew Braid.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (20 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b38
=520  3\$aFor 48 years (1952–2000) the south half of Lac Saint-Pierre, a widening of the St. Lawrence River between Montreal and Quebec, was used as an experimental firing range. Some 500,000 shells were fired into the lake, of which about 8000 are thought to contain energetic material. Approximately 2000 projectiles are considered as unexploded explosive ordnance (UXO). Furthermore, the lake itself is potentially the recipient of other contaminants associated with industrial wastes and agricultural runoff. The Canadian Department of National Defence, in order to research appropriate clearance approaches programs, instigated a large sediment transport study (sediment trend analysis or STA) to determine both sediment and contaminant sources and sinks and to assess the possible environmental consequences of various clearance options. STA is an empirical technique whereby patterns of sediment transport and dynamic behavior are derived from relative changes in grain-size distributions. About 1000 samples were collected at 500 m spacing encompassing the entire firing range. The lake bottom contained a complex number of sediment types ranging from “ancient” late glacial deposits, recent mud and sand, and a variety of mixtures. The STA identified the significance of the late glacial deposits as the dominant source for the sediments contained in the lake. The latter showed complex patterns of transport that originated from the ancient sediments and terminated on well-sorted sand. The findings demonstrated that anthropogenic contaminants were unlikely to be deposited in the lake sediments, or if they were, self-cleaning by natural processes would likely be rapid. Furthermore, trace metals were strongly associated with the ancient sediments evidently originating from an underlying anaerobic black shale formation. The STA provides an important framework to understand the chemistry of the sediments and their dynamics and helps to define the context within which the UXO clearance and environmental remediation options can be developed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSedimentary rocks$xAnalysis.
=650  \0$aMethode.
=650  \0$aSediment.
=650  \0$aContaminants.
=650  \0$aTrace metals.
=650  \0$aSediment transport.
=650  14$aSediment transport.
=650  24$aSediment trend analysis.
=650  24$aUnexploded explosive ordnance.
=650  24$aContaminants.
=650  24$aTrace metals.
=700  1\$aBraid, Matthew,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102108.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102110
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102110$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102110$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD111
=082  04$a545.2$223
=100  1\$aLi, D.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAutomated Acid Content Determination in Lubricants by FTIR Spectroscopy as an Alternative to Acid Number Determination /$cD. Li, J. Sedman, D. L. García-González, F. R. van de Voort.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aA new instrumental method for the quantitative measurement of acid content (AC) in mineral-based lubricants was devised by employing FTIR spectroscopy, with AC serving as an alternative to traditional acid number (AN) measures commonly made to assess lubricant quality. The method involves the addition of an oil-immiscible ethanolic solution of the base sodium hydrogen cyanamide (NaHN–CN) to the lubricant to extract and react with the acids present. After separation of the phases, the FTIR spectrum of the ethanol layer is recorded, and a differential spectrum is generated by subtracting out the spectrum of the reagent solution. AC is determined by measuring the absorbance of NaHN–CN at 2109 cm−1 (νCN) in the differential spectrum, which is proportional to the extent to which the reagent has been consumed by reaction with acidic constituents in the oil. Calibration standards were prepared by direct addition of oleic acid to the NaHN–CN/ethanol solution, and a calibration equation for the determination of AC was obtained by a quadratic fit of the concentration data to the FTIR νCN absorbance data. The equivalent response of the νCN band to strong inorganic acids and oleic acid demonstrated that NaHN–CN, a somewhat weaker base than KOH, fully ionizes organic acids. Comparison between FTIR AC values and titrimetric AN values (obtained by ASTM D664-89) for a set of used oils spanning an AN range of 0.3–5 mg KOH/g showed a reasonably good linear relationship (R=0.985), with the FTIR method generally producing lower values. This tendency was attributed to the presence of weakly acidic species, which would be less extensively ionized by NaHN–CN than by KOH. Implementation of the FTIR AC method on an autosampler-equipped spectrometer allows for the automated analysis of up to 120 preprepared samples/h, representing a significant increase in analytical throughput relative to traditional titrimetric procedures as well as substantive reductions in consumables and waste oil.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aEthylenediaminetetraacetic acid.
=650  \0$aEdetic Acid.
=650  \0$aIndicators and Reagents.
=650  \0$aComplexometric titration.
=650  \0$aSodium carbodiimide.
=650  \0$aCondition monitoring.
=650  \0$aExtraction.
=650  \0$aTitration.
=650  \0$aAutomated analysis.
=650  \0$aCarboxylic acids.
=650  \0$aLubricant analysis.
=650  \0$aMineral acids.
=650  14$aFTIR spectroscopic analysis.
=650  24$aLubricant analysis.
=650  24$aCondition monitoring.
=650  24$aAutomated analysis.
=650  24$aTitration.
=650  24$aExtraction.
=650  24$aCarboxylic acids.
=650  24$aMineral acids.
=650  24$aSodium hydrogen cyanamide.
=650  24$aSodium carbodiimide.
=700  1\$aSedman, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGarcía-González, D. L.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$avan de Voort, F. R.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102110.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102119
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102119$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102119$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTD427.T73
=082  04$a363.73/84$223
=100  1\$aBangkedphol, S.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDevelopment and Application of an Analytical Method for the Determination of Partition Coefficients of Tributyltin in the Forth and Clyde Canal, Glasgow, Scotland /$cS. Bangkedphol, H. E. Keenan, C. Davidson, A. Sakultantimetha, M. Dyer, A. Songsasen.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b39
=520  3\$aTributyltin (TBT) was widely used in the past as a biocide for boats. This has led to widespread environmental contamination. Most analytical methods are based on high resolution techniques with complicated sample preparation. For this study, a simple application of an analytical method was developed using HPLC/UV. The developed method was studied to determine TBT, dibutyltin, and monobutyltin in sediment and water samples. The separation was performed in isocratic mode on a cyanopropyl column with a mobile phase of hexane containing 5 % tetrahydrofuran and 0.03 % acetic acid. This method was confirmed using standard GC-MS techniques and verified by statistical paired t-test method. Under the experimental conditions used, the limit of detection of TBT and DBT were 0.70 and 0.50 ppm, respectively. An optimized extraction method for butyltins in water and sediment samples was developed by using hexane containing 0.05 %–0.5 % tropolone, and 0.2 % sodium chloride in water at pH1.7. The quantitative extraction of butyltin compounds in a certified reference material (BCR-646) and naturally contaminated samples was achieved with recoveries ranging from 95 % to 108 % and precision of 0.02 %–1.00 % relative standard deviation. This developed method was used to determine the contamination level of butyltins in environmental samples collected from the Forth and Clyde canal, Scotland, United Kingdom. The values obtained exceeded the Environmental Quality Standard values. Partition coefficients are major parameters influencing the behavior of pollutants, therefore the methodology developed was used to determine experimentally the partition coefficients Koc, Kd, and Kow. The comparison between values obtained experimentally and computational default model values (EPI Suite V 3.20) showed disparity. In terms of bioaccumulation, the implications of this finding may lead to greater biomagnification in the food chain.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aTributyltin$xEnvironmental aspects.
=650  \0$aTributyltin$xToxicology.
=650  \0$aWater$xPollution$xLaw and legislation.
=650  \0$aNormal phase HPLC.
=650  \0$aForth and Clyde canal.
=650  \0$aTributyltin.
=650  \0$aEQS values.
=650  14$aTributyltin.
=650  24$aNormal phase HPLC.
=650  24$aForth and Clyde canal.
=650  24$aEQS values.
=650  24$aSediment-water partition coefficient (Kd)
=650  24$aOrganic-carbon partition coefficient (Kow)
=700  1\$aKeenan, H. E.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDavidson, C.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSakultantimetha, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDyer, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSongsasen, A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102119.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102120
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102120$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102120$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTD427.T73
=082  04$a363.73/84$223
=100  1\$aSakultantimetha, A.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aIsolation of Tributyltin-Degrading Bacteria Citrobacter braakii and Enterobacter cloacae from Butyltin-Polluted Sediment /$cA. Sakultantimetha, H. E. Keenan, M. Dyer, T. K. Beattie, S. Bangkedphol, A. Songsasen.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b15
=520  3\$aTributyltin compound (TBT) released into the aquatic environment is generally degraded by bacteria in water and sediment. The isolation of TBT-degrading bacteria from TBT polluted sediment leads to the indication of specific potential TBT degraders. Two new strains of bacteria designated as B2 and B3 were successfully isolated using glycerol medium containing tributyltin chloride (TBTC) at 130 μM from contaminated sediment collected from Bowling Basin in Glasgow. The observed degradation after 14 days of the microcosm from the sediment and the isolated bacteria were investigated at an initial concentration of 1 μM TBTC. It was found that TBT was degraded by the bacterial strains B2 and B3 at 8.3 and 16.9 %, respectively. The results indicate that B2 and B3 are effective as TBT degraders. EC50 of B2 and B3 in water were 88.73 and 112.53 μM TBTC, which were significantly higher than the concentration of TBT measured at the basin, suggesting a low effect of TBT on the growth and activity of bacteria. After identification using API 20E and 16S sequencing, the bacterial isolate strain B2 is Citrobacter braakii and B3 is Enterobacter cloacae. Therefore, this study has discovered two species of high resistance TBT degrader which have never been previously studied or isolated based upon TBT degradation ability.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aTributyltin$xEnvironmental aspects.
=650  \0$aTributyltin$xToxicology.
=650  \0$aWater$xPollution$xLaw and legislation.
=650  \0$aEnterobacter cloacae.
=650  \0$aCitrobacter braakii.
=650  \0$aDegradation.
=650  \0$aIsolation.
=650  \0$aTributyltin.
=650  14$aTributyltin.
=650  24$aIsolation.
=650  24$aDegradation.
=650  24$aCitrobacter braakii.
=650  24$aEnterobacter cloacae.
=700  1\$aKeenan, H. E.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDyer, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBeattie, T. K.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBangkedphol, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSongsasen, A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102120.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102122
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102122$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102122$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTL521.3.T4
=082  04$a629.1$223
=100  1\$aHoffmann, W. Clint,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEvaluation of a Proposed Drift Reduction Technology High-Speed Wind Tunnel Testing Protocol /$cW. Clint Hoffmann, Bradley K. Fritz, Y. Lan.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b19
=520  3\$aThe U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has initiated the development of protocols for for measuring spray drift reduction technologies (DRTs) related to the application of agricultural protection chemicals. The DRT Program is an EPA-led initiative program to “achieve improved environmental and human health protection through drift reduction by accelerating the acceptance and use of improved and cost-effective application technologies.” The first step in implementing the DRT program is to develop a set of protocols, standard operating procedures, and data quality assurance steps so that the results from any trials or research conducted are scientifically valid and repeatable. A protocol for measuring spray droplet spectra via laser diffraction equipment in a high speed wind tunnel (air velocities >160 kph (100 mph)) was tested. Following the proposed protocol, five reference nozzles were evaluated with spray solutions of deionized water, water + 9 % isopropanol, and water + 0.25 % of a nonionic surfactant. Each of the nozzle and spray solution combinations were evaluated in 160, 193, and 225 kph (100, 120, and 140 mph) airstreams, as well as under static (0 kph) conditions. The results of these atomization studies showed that there were significant differences in droplet spectra between the spray solutions and from the different air velocities. Based on the time to complete the tests, the author suggest using a ±5 % standard deviation values as criteria for accepting atomization tests results.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAcoustic measurement.
=650  \0$aBlade-vortex interaction.
=650  \0$aHelicopters.
=650  \0$aRotors.
=650  \0$aWind tunnel models.
=650  \0$aWind tunnel tests.
=650  \0$aAerial application.
=650  \0$aAtomization.
=650  \0$aSpray classification.
=650  14$aSpray classification.
=650  24$aAtomization.
=650  24$aDRT.
=650  24$aAerial application.
=700  1\$aFritz, Bradley K.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLan, Y.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102122.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102125
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102125$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102125$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aSH221.5.K53
=082  04$a333.95/617$223
=100  1\$aFritz, Bradley K.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDevelopment and Testing of a Laboratory Spray Table Methodology to Bioassay Simulated Levels of Aerial Spray Drift /$cBradley K. Fritz, W. Clint Hoffmann, Chris Parker, Juan D. López.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b28
=520  3\$aThe objective of this work was to develop a repeatable methodology for bioassaying simulated levels of aerially applied glyphosate at deposition levels ranging from 1/3 to 1/100 of labeled rate at droplet sizes of 100 μm in a spray table environment. These drift deposition levels are consistent with downwind drift measurements out to 200 m seen in previous field studies focusing on quantitative drift assessment. Additionally, full rate applications were included for comparative purposes. The deposition levels were obtained by varying nozzle traverse speed and plant location under the nozzle. Ten replications were conducted at each targeted rate applying glyphosate to container grown-plant samples. Deposition was measured on Mylar cards through fluorometric analysis. Plant health measures [height and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI)] were taken at 0, 1, 3, 5, 7, and 14 days after treatment. An equal number of nontreated control plants were analyzed alongside treated plants. Deposition and plant health data were used to generate dose-response relationships. Dose-response curves relating change in plant height and change in measured NDVI values corresponding to deposition levels were generated. This methodology is one that can be implemented across a wide variety of plant and pesticide combinations. Collected data from this and future studies will be tested under field conditions and ultimately be included in application decision support systems that integrate spray drift modeling results with established dose-response relationships.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aWater quality bioassay$zKlamath River (Or and Calif)$xComputer simulation.
=650  \0$aDose-response.
=650  \0$aSpray drift.
=650  \0$aBioassay.
=650  14$aSpray drift.
=650  24$aBioassay.
=650  24$aDose-response.
=650  24$aSpray drift simulation.
=700  1\$aHoffmann, W. Clint,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aParker, Chris,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLópez, Juan D.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102125.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102127
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102127$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102127$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA460
=082  04$a620.11$223
=100  1\$aSoneda, Naoki,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEmbrittlement Correlation Method for the Japanese Reactor Pressure Vessel Materials /$cNaoki Soneda, Kenji Dohi, Akiyoshi Nomoto, Kenji Nishida, Shiori Ishino.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (20 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b29
=520  3\$aA new embrittlement correlation method developed for the Japanese reactor pressure vessel (RPV) steels is presented. The Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry and the Japanese electric utilities conducted a project to develop a new embrittlement correlation method for the Japanese RPV steels based on the understandings on the mechanisms of the RPV embrittlement. In addition to the information from the literatures, we generated new information by characterizing the microstructural changes in the surveillance materials of the Japanese commercial reactors. We found that in low Cu materials, solute atom clusters containing little or no Cu atoms are formed at relatively low fluence of 3×1019 n/cm2, E>1 MeV. The volume fraction of the solute atom clusters has a good correlation with the Charpy transition temperature shift regardless of the Cu content. We also found that the microstructure of the boiling water reactor surveillance material is different from that of the archive material irradiated in material testing reactor. The understandings on the RPV embrittlement mechanisms were formulated using a set of rate equations, and the coefficients of the equations were optimized using the ΔRTNDT values of the Japanese surveillance database. This method considers the effect of neutron flux. Only one set of coefficients was developed, and they are independent of the product form. Predictions of the new embrittlement correlation method were compared with those of the recent U.S. correlation method as well as the U.S. surveillance data. The comparison shows the characteristics of the present method.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMetals$xFracture.
=650  \0$aMetals$xHydrogen embrittlement.
=650  \0$aSteel$xCorrosion.
=650  \0$aSteel$xFracture.
=650  \0$aSteel$xHydrogen embrittlement.
=650  \0$aSurveillance data.
=650  14$aReactor pressure vessel.
=650  24$aNeutron irradiation embrittlement.
=650  24$aMicrostructural characterization.
=650  24$aEmbrittlement correlation.
=650  24$aSurveillance data.
=700  1\$aDohi, Kenji,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNomoto, Akiyoshi,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNishida, Kenji,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aIshino, Shiori,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102127.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102128
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102128$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102128$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK4660
=082  04$a671.5212$223
=100  1\$aSoneda, Naoki,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMicrostructural Characterization of RPV Materials Irradiated to High Fluences at High Flux /$cNaoki Soneda, Kenji Dohi, Kenji Nishida, Akiyoshi Nomoto, Minoru Tomimatsu, Hiroshi Matsuzawa.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aUnderstanding the embrittlement of reactor pressure vessel (RPV) steels at high fluence region is very important for the long term operation of nuclear power plants. In this study, extensive microstructural analyses were performed on the RPV steels irradiated to very high fluences beyond 1020n/cm2, E>1 MeVat high fluxes under the Pressurized Thermal Shock and Nuclear Power Plant Integrity Management projects in Japan. Three dimensional atom probe analyses were performed to characterize the solute atom cluster formation in these materials. The effects of fluence, flux, and chemical compositions on the characteristics of clusters were analyzed. The formation of dislocation loops was identified in the transmission electron microscopy analyses of high and low Cu steels, and the changes in loop size and number density with fluence were studied. P segregation on grain boundaries was also studied by surface analyses as well as grain boundary chemical analyses. We found that nonhardening embrittlement due to grain boundary fracture is not a major contributor to the embrittlement in these materials and irradiation conditions. The correlation of the microstructural changes and the Charpy transition temperature shifts was studied. The volume fraction of solute atom clusters has an excellent correlation with the transition temperature shifts. The Orowan model calculations of the contributions of dislocation loops to the transition temperature shifts show that in low Cu materials, dislocation loops may be a major contributor, but in Cu containing materials its contribution is weak. Root-sum-square of the contributions of solute atom clusters and dislocation loops seems to be a reasonable model to describe the total ΔRTNDT.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCarbon steel$xWelding.
=650  \0$aElectrodes, Carbon.
=650  \0$aFlux (Metallurgy)
=650  \0$aHigh fluence.
=650  \0$aTransmission electron microscopy.
=650  14$aReactor pressure vessel.
=650  24$aNeutron irradiation embrittlement.
=650  24$aHigh fluence.
=650  24$aAtom probe tomography.
=650  24$aTransmission electron microscopy.
=700  1\$aDohi, Kenji,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNishida, Kenji,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNomoto, Akiyoshi,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTomimatsu, Minoru,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMatsuzawa, Hiroshi,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102128.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102129
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102129$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102129$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTL521.3.T4
=082  04$a629.1$223
=100  1\$aFritz, Bradley K.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEvaluation of the EPA Drift Reduction Technology (DRT) Low-Speed Wind Tunnel Protocol /$cBradley K. Fritz, W. Clint Hoffmann, Yubin Lan.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b10
=520  3\$aThe EPA’s proposed Drift Reduction Technology (DRT) low-speed wind tunnel evaluation protocol was tested across a series of modified ASAE reference nozzles. Both droplet size and deposition and flux volume measurements were made downwind from the nozzles operating in the tunnel at airspeeds of 1 m/s and 2.5 m/s, following the prescribed protocol. Overall, the data followed anticipated trends with a few unanticipated results observed, which could be addressed in future iterations of the protocol. There were some difficulties meeting the proposed protocol data quality requirements. Refined quality requirements would address this with no detrimental effect to the overall data set. Major concerns, at this point, are the feasibility of the overall protocol as well as the applicability of the final collected data. The protocol was tailored such that the collected data would directly input into a dispersion model (most likely WTDISP). However, not having access to such a model puts into question the validity and practicality of the protocol in its present form. Given the time requirements, which require approximately nine times that of the high speed protocol (90 min versus 10 min, unpublished data), there is a definite need to modify the existing protocol to insure equitable implementation of the overall DRT program.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAcoustic measurement.
=650  \0$aBlade-vortex interaction.
=650  \0$aHelicopters.
=650  \0$aRotors.
=650  \0$aWind tunnel models.
=650  \0$aWind tunnel tests.
=650  \0$aSpray droplet sizing.
=650  \0$aDrift.
=650  \0$aSpray flux.
=650  14$aDrift.
=650  24$aDRT.
=650  24$aDrift reduction technology.
=650  24$aSpray droplet sizing.
=650  24$aSpray flux.
=700  1\$aHoffmann, W. Clint,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLan, Yubin,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102129.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102131
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102131$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102131$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN752.Q4
=082  04$a672.36$223
=100  1\$aKavalco, Patricia Mariane,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEvolution of Quench Factor Analysis :$bA Review /$cPatricia Mariane Kavalco, Lauralice C. F. Canale.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (20 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b43
=520  3\$aOne of the steps of the heat treatment process of age hardenable aluminum alloys is the quenching process in which the alloy is cooled from the solutionizing temperature. The objective is to quench sufficiently fast to avoid undesirable concentration of alloying elements in the defect and grain boundary structure, while at the same time not quenching faster than necessary to minimize residual stresses, which may lead to excessive distortion or cracking. Various studies have been conducted to predict the relative quench rate sensitivity to yield different properties for age-hardenable alloys. Of these different predictive methods, the one that showed the more realistic results is quench factor analysis since it involves a correlation of the cooling curve (time-temperature curve) of the cooling process throughout the quenching cycle for the desired cross-section size of interest with a C-curve (time-temperature-property curve) for the specific alloy of interest. The quench factor analysis numerical procedure has evolved since its original introduction. A review of the basic assumptions of the classical quench factor analysis model will be provided here which will include discussion of the various improvements to the classical model that have been proposed over the intervening years since its introduction.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMetals$xQuenching.
=650  \0$aAlloys$xQuenching.
=650  \0$aMetals$xHeat treatment.
=650  \0$aMetals$xHardenability.
=650  \0$aAgeing.
=650  \0$aModeling.
=650  \0$aAluminum.
=650  \0$aPrecipitation.
=650  \0$aSolution treatment.
=650  14$aQuench factor analysis.
=650  24$aAluminum.
=650  24$aModeling.
=650  24$aSolution treatment.
=650  24$aAgeing.
=650  24$aPrecipitation.
=700  1\$aCanale, Lauralice C. F.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102131.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102134
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102134$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102134$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA1
=082  04$a620.6$223
=100  1\$aWatabe, Yoichi,$eauthor.
=245  10$aLong-Term Properties of Airfoam-Treated Lightweight Soil Made from Dredged Clay /$cYoichi Watabe, Masanori Tanaka, Hiroyuki Saegusa, Hiroshi Shinsha, Takashi Tsuchida.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aAirfoam-treated soil is lightweight and provides for the early age development of shear strength and effective utilization of dredged soils. This paper summarizes a 10-year follow-up study of the lightweight soils that were placed as backfill at the seawall in Kobe Port Island and Tokyo International Airport. These two sites are the early case examples of construction undertaken in 1996 including the recovery project after the Kobe earthquake disaster and the offshore expansion project of the Tokyo International Airport. Sampling and laboratory testing were carried out in order to investigate the physical and mechanical properties to compare the initial material condition. The depth profiles of the soil parameters such as bulk density, water content, pH, Ca content, shear strength, and needle penetration resistance were examined. Consequently, it was confirmed that the physical and mechanical properties of the airfoam-treated lightweight soil satisfied their required performances, indicating that the lightweight soil has sufficient durability for use as geomaterial for construction in coastal areas.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$alaboratory tests.
=650  \0$adrying.
=650  \0$aoven drying.
=650  \0$aair.
=650  \0$aSoil mechanics.
=650  \0$aSoil stabilization.
=650  \0$aDeterioration.
=650  \0$aLong-term properties.
=650  14$aAirfoam-treated lightweight soil.
=650  24$aDeterioration.
=650  24$aLong-term properties.
=700  1\$aTanaka, Masanori,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSaegusa, Hiroyuki,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aShinsha, Hiroshi,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTsuchida, Takashi,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102134.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102135
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102135$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102135$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP248.F79
=082  04$a668.652$223
=100  1\$aWolf, Robert,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Influence of Tank Mix Additives While Making Low Volume Aerial Fungicide Applications /$cRobert Wolf, Dennis Gardisser, Scott Bretthaurer, Andy Mauromoustakos, Lynn Baxter.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b19
=520  3\$aMultiple experiments using low volume aerial applications with nine different adjuvants in combination with fungicide were conducted to compare coverage, droplet spectra, yield, and disease control. Four locations were scattered over three states: Arkansas, Kansas, and Illinois. Four aircraft with different nozzle and boom setups were used to complete the studies. Volume median size (DV0.5) ranged from 232 μm to 364 μm. Kromekote® papers used as collectors were placed in the center 9 m of each aerial swath/treatment (20 m) at three different plant heights: top corn leaf, ear leaf, and the leaf three collars below ear leaf. In each treatment, sampling consisted of 30 papers; 10 corn plants at the three heights, with all papers at 30 cm from the main stalk. DropletScan™, utilizing a high resolution color scanner to digitize the images on the Kromekote® papers, was used to analyze each paper. Means for percent area coverage and DV0.5 were used to separate differences in treatments. Relative span was calculated as an indicator of the range in the droplet spectrum. Yields were taken from the center of each treatment. Three to five replications per treatment were completed and a SAS GLIMMIX analysis was performed. Significant differences were measured among adjuvant treatments for both droplet spectra and deposition/coverage. Mixed results are reported across all treatments and locations. A mixture of water, Headline, and Crop Oil Concentrate (Treatment 2) was consistently measured with the lowest amount of coverage, and in two of four locations had the largest DV0.5. Overall, droplet spectra were impacted by the addition of adjuvants to the tank mix. The largest droplets were not associated with the best coverage, and the trend was for the lowest coverage to be associated with the smallest droplets. Treatment 5 (NIS+Interlock) had the smallest DV0.5 in three of the test locations. A limited number of significant yield differences were found. This effect could be due to low disease pressure.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFungal diseases of plants.
=650  \0$aFungicide resistance.
=650  \0$aFungicides.
=650  \0$aCoverage.
=650  \0$aDroplet size.
=650  \0$aFungicide.
=650  \0$aLow volume.
=650  \0$aAerial application.
=650  \0$aDeposition.
=650  \0$aSpread factor.
=650  \0$aAdjuvants.
=650  14$aFungicide.
=650  24$aCorn.
=650  24$aAdjuvants.
=650  24$aCoverage.
=650  24$aDeposition.
=650  24$aDroplet size.
=650  24$aSpread factor.
=650  24$aAerial application.
=650  24$aLow volume.
=650  24$aDropletScan™.
=700  1\$aGardisser, Dennis,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBretthaurer, Scott,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMauromoustakos, Andy,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBaxter, Lynn,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102135.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102141
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102141$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102141$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aGB701
=082  04$a628.1/6836$223
=100  1\$aDarban, A. K.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEnhanced Electrokinetic Remediation of Mercury-Contaminated Tailing Dam Sediments /$cA. K. Darban, B. Ayati, R. N. Yong, A. Khodadadi, A. Kiayee.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b22
=520  3\$aThis study evaluates the use of different extracting solutions at the cathode during electrokinetic remediation to optimize the removal of mercury from gold mine tailing dam sediments in Iran. The total mercury concentration of the soil was 210 mg/kg and the duration of this experiment was 4 weeks. Experiments were conducted on the mine tailing recovered sediments with two voltage gradients (1.0 VDC/cm and 1.5 VDC/cm) to assess the effect of the voltage gradient when employing 0.1M Na-EDTA, 0.1M, and 0.4M KI solutions and distilled water. The test conducted on the soil showed that when the 0.1M and 0.4M KI concentrations were employed with a voltage gradient of 1.0 VDC/cm, approximately 50 % and 70 %, respectively, of the mercury was removed from the sediment. Also, it is understood that when the 0.1M and 0.4M KI concentrations were used with a voltage gradient of 1.5 VDC/cm, 65 % and 56 %, respectively, of the mercury was removed from the contaminated soil. The tests showed that mercury removal from sediment was less with distilled water and Na-EDTA as the extracting agents. The results also indicated that electrokinetic remediation for the concentration of 0.4M KI and with a voltage gradient of 1.0 VDC/cm was optimal for the approximately 70 % removal of the initial contamination. The reason for the remaining mercury in the sediment could be the presence of CaO, other metals, and organic compounds.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aDam retirement$xEnvironmental aspects$xMichigan$zOtsego.
=650  \0$aContaminated sediments$xEnvironmental aspects$xMichigan$zKalamazoo River.
=650  \0$aPolychlorinated biphenyls$xEnvironmental aspects$xMichigan$zKalamazoo River.
=650  \0$aRiver sediments$xMichigan$zKalamazoo River$xAnalysis.
=650  \0$aGold mine.
=650  \0$aTailing dam.
=650  \0$aMercury.
=650  14$aElectrokinetic remediation.
=650  24$aContaminated sediments.
=650  24$aMercury.
=650  24$aTailing dam.
=650  24$aGold mine.
=700  1\$aAyati, B.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aYong, R. N.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKhodadadi, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKiayee, A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102141.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102145
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102145$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102145$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH7697.M56
=082  04$a622/.7$223
=100  1\$aO’Connell, Todd J.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAntifoaming and Defoaming in Agricultural Tank Mixes :$bRevisiting, Revising, and Reviving a Method /$cTodd J. O’Connell, Lisa Ruscko.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aThe foam that is generated in agricultural tank mixes is of great concern because this foam can cause problems such as slow mixing and worker exposure. Antifoaming and defoaming agents are used to control this foam. Developing a reproducible test that accurately predicts the real world performance of these products has been difficult. Several methods are briefly reviewed. An ASTM method has been developed and established. However, this method intuitively is difficult to translate into real world performance. An older possible method has been shown to have obvious and significant problems. Several new modifications to this older method are proposed as a means of overcoming the problems and measuring the performance of products. The proposed method involves a large, polypropylene beaker that is charged with a foaming solution. The solution is stirred and foam is generated using an air sparge and a sparge stone defined in another current ASTM method. Defoamer is added to the foam and the time required for the foam to collapse and to reform is measured separately. The way the foam disintegrates and redevelops can also be observed and recorded or described. Statistical data indicate that, using this method, differences between the performances of various defoaming/antifoaming agents can be determined. The differences are reproducible enough to identify performance differences that will be appreciable in the field. As a result, quantitative and qualitative data may be generated using the proposed method. Also significant is that the method separates antifoaming and defoaming into discrete measurements. This separation of the two measurements provides a better measurement for how a product will perform in the field relative to other products. Calculations resulting in new terms are proposed as a means to create a scale that will allow direct comparison of the performance of various antifoams/defoamers.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFoam.
=650  \0$aMineral industries$xDust control.
=650  \0$aFoam control.
=650  \0$aAntifoam.
=650  \0$aDefoam.
=650  \0$aDefoamer.
=650  14$aDefoamer.
=650  24$aDefoam.
=650  24$aAntifoam.
=650  24$aFoam control.
=700  1\$aRuscko, Lisa,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102145.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102146
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102146$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102146$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTE7
=082  04$a625.732$223
=100  1\$aKvennås, M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffects of Amendment Materials on Cement-Solidified Contaminated Marine Sediments—Mechanical Stability and Leaching of Heavy Metals /$cM. Kvennås, M. Sparrevik, R. S. Grini.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b19
=520  3\$aStabilization/solidification technology (S/S), in which contaminated marine sediments are mixed with cement and other binding agents have shown to be a promising remediation technique. The major advantage of S/S over other contaminated sediments remediation techniques is that dredged material can be transformed from a soft material into a filling material with favorable geotechnical properties. Reduced contaminant transport from the treated material is achieved simultaneously. This paper summarizes a study investigating how amendments (additions) may improve the mechanical properties and reduce leaching of heavy metals of two cement-stabilized marine harbor sediments from the cities of Bergen and Hammerfest, Norway. The deployed amendments comprised granulated blast furnace slag (Merit®), cement kiln dust, fly ash, gypsum, sand, iron sulfide, and microsilica. The use of amendments was observed to improve the strength of cement-stabilized soft and wet sediments, where the use of granulated blast furnace slag (Merit) resulted in the greatest inprovement. Cement stabilization resulted in a reduced leaching of lead, whereas the leaching of copper and chromium from Hammerfest sediments increased substantially. In order to achieve the lowest total net transport of contaminants through the material, S/S recipes for environmental projects should not only be optimized with regard to physical strength, but also with regard to leaching and permeability.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSoil percolation.
=650  \0$aSoil stabilization.
=650  \0$aConsolidation.
=650  \0$aMathematical analysis.
=650  \0$aLeaching.
=650  \0$aHeavy metals.
=650  \0$aSediment.
=650  \0$aPermeability.
=650  14$aStabilization/solidification.
=650  24$aPermeability.
=650  24$aUCS.
=650  24$aLeaching.
=650  24$aHeavy metals.
=650  24$aSediment.
=700  1\$aSparrevik, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGrini, R. S.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102146.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102147
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102147$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102147$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP240
=082  04$a669.7$223
=100  1\$aPeterson, Dallas E.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aGlyphosate Weed Control Enhancement with Ammonium Sulfate and Commercial Water Conditioning Agents /$cDallas E. Peterson, Curtis R. Thompson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aGlyphosate herbicide labels generally recommend addition of ammonium sulfate (AMS) to the spray solution, which often improves weed control, especially when mixed with hard water. AMS in solution disassociates, and the sulfate binds with cations in the spray solution, preventing the development of glyphosate-cation complexes that tend to have lower absorption into plant leaves. In addition, the ammonium ion can associate with the glyphosate molecule, which helps facilitate glyphosate absorption into the leaf. The recommended AMS rate is 1–2 % w/w, and AMS is available in both dry and liquid formulations. Applicators generally find AMS inconvenient to use because of the high use rate and handling issues. Several companies are marketing low-rate water conditioner products to be used as an alternative to AMS with glyphosate. Pesticide applicators like the convenience of low-rate water conditioners, but performance of these products has been inconsistent. Field experiments were conducted near Manhattan, KS, from 2005 to 2008 to compare the efficacy of glyphosate with AMS and various commercial water conditioners on velvetleaf, sorghum, corn, and sunflower. Each experiment consisted of a sublethal (0.31 or 0.43 kg ae/ha) dose of glyphosate applied in combination with the recommended application rate of each adjuvant. Water hardness, environmental conditions, and plant growth stages varied by experiment. Control of all assay species with glyphosate was enhanced by the addition of AMS, unless control was near complete in the absence of AMS. Commercial water conditioner products that included an AMS component at the equivalent rate of 1 % w/w gave equal or slightly better control than glyphosate plus 1 % w/w AMS. Commercial water conditioners that did not provide an equivalent amount of AMS gave less control than glyphosate with 1 % or 2 % w/w AMS and were often no better than glyphosate alone for the low-rate products.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aThiosulfates$xPhysiological effect.
=650  \0$aAmmonium sulfate$xPhysiological effect.
=650  \0$aSulfates$xPhysiological effect.
=650  \0$aCotton$xWeed control.
=650  \0$aCotton$xHerbicide injuries.
=650  \0$aWeeds$xControl.
=650  \0$aAmmonium sulfate.
=650  \0$aGlyphosate.
=650  \0$aAntagonism.
=650  \0$aWater conditioner.
=650  14$aGlyphosate.
=650  24$aAmmonium sulfate.
=650  24$aAmmonium sulfate replacements.
=650  24$aWater conditioner.
=650  24$aAntagonism.
=700  1\$aThompson, Curtis R.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102147.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102148
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102148$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102148$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aZ5074.S7
=082  04$a016.62574$223
=100  1\$aKozuki, Y.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSelection of Sequestering Agents Having Affinity for Calcium Ion for Stabilization of the Emulsifiable Concentrate Formulations /$cY. Kozuki, T. Ohtsubo, M. Sasaki.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b8
=520  3\$aEmulsifiable concentrates (ECs) are often used for pesticides, which are highly soluble in a non-polar solvent. When a pesticide is hardly soluble in a normal non-polar solvent, it is difficult to prepare an EC formulation with high pesticide content. In order to overcome this difficulty, polar solvents are used to enhance the solubility of the pesticide. N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) is well-known as one of the most preferred polar solvents. However, many agrochemical manufacturers have started research to remove this solvent from EC formulations because of recent regulations by the authorities. However, it is not easy to find alternative solvents that have both good solvency and a good safety profile. The authors selected diethyl oxalate as an alternative candidate for NMP by using the organic conceptual diagram discussed in the previous report. A pesticide in an EC formulation containing diethyl oxalate as a co-solvent was chemically stable and showed good emulsion stability even after accelerated storage. These results suggested that this solvent could be used as an alternative to NMP. However, a decrease in pH and water content were also observed, and the sample became turbid after storage. As this turbidity was confirmed to be derived from the generation of calcium oxalate, the calcium oxalate generation process was studied. As a result, it is speculated that diethyl oxalate was hydrolyzed to oxalic acid under the acidic conditions and calcium ion, derived from an anionic surfactant contained in the EC formulation, reacted with the oxalic acid to form calcium oxalate. In order to inhibit this reaction, several kinds of sequestering agents were tested. Among them, mono-alcohols were the best though they did not completely inhibit the reaction. Though the mechanism is still unclear, mono-alcohols were effective in blocking the binding of calcium ion and oxalic acid. A mono-alcohol is a structured molecule having a hydrophilic head region and a lipophilic tail region like a surfactant. If calcium ions are dissolved in the water in the EC formulations, even though the water content is low, a mono-alcohol may form something like an inverse micelle, which captures the calcium ions inside.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSoil stabilization$xBibliography.
=650  \0$aCalcium chloride$xBibliography.
=650  \0$aCalcium chloride.
=650  \0$aSoil stabilization.
=650  \0$aCalcium oxalate.
=650  \0$aDiethyl oxalate.
=650  \0$aMono-alcohol.
=650  \0$aCalcium ion.
=650  \0$aHydrolysis.
=650  \0$aSequestering agents.
=650  14$aEmulsifiable concentrates.
=650  24$aDiethyl oxalate.
=650  24$aHydrolysis.
=650  24$aCalcium oxalate.
=650  24$aSequestering agents.
=650  24$aMono-alcohol.
=650  24$aCalcium ion.
=700  1\$aOhtsubo, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSasaki, M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102148.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102149
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102149$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102149$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQH545.P4
=082  04$a363.73/84$223
=100  1\$aKozuki, Y.,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Predictive Solubility Tool for Pesticide Emulsifiable Concentrate Formulations /$cY. Kozuki, T. Ohtsubo.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b8
=520  3\$aEmulsifiable concentrates (ECs) are one of the most widely used pesticide formulations because they have a lot of advantages, such as good storage stability, relatively high biological activity, easy weighing, easy production, and so on. An EC is normally prepared by dissolving a pesticide in a nonpolar solvent with surfactants. When a pesticide is hardly soluble in a common nonpolar solvent, a polar solvent is used as a co-solvent. One of the preferred polar solvents, which have been used for this purpose is N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP). However, because of its toxic profile, which has recently become apparent, the commercial use of NMP is recently restricted in many fields. Under the circumstances, it is desirable to look for an alternative solvent in the pesticide formulation area. The organic conceptual diagram was tried to search for the alternative solvents because it is a useful tool for predicting the physico-chemical properties of an organic compound. In the organic conceptual diagram, the physico-chemical properties are expressed by the combination of the organic value (OV) and the inorganic value (IV). According to the theory, organic compounds that have similar IV/OV ratios (the inorganic organic balance=IOB) are mutually miscible in each other. In order to investigate the applicability of this concept to search for a suitable solvent for a pesticide that is hardly soluble in nonpolar solvents, the relationship of the IOB between two hardly soluble pesticides (i.e., a neonicotinoid insecticide and an herbicide) and several types of solvents was evaluated. As expected, solvents having an IOB close to the targeted pesticide showed high solvency against it, while the pesticide did not dissolve in solvents, which have an IOB farther off. It was demonstrated that the organic conceptual diagram can be a good tool for the selection of a solvent for a pesticide that is hardly soluble in the usual nonpolar solvents.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPesticides$xEnvironmental aspects.
=650  \0$aPesticides$xToxicology.
=650  \0$aPesticide Residues.
=650  \0$aPesticides$xpoisoning.
=650  \0$aSolvent.
=650  \0$aSolubility.
=650  14$aEmulsifiable concentrates.
=650  24$aN-methyl-2-pyrrolidone.
=650  24$aThe organic conceptual diagram.
=650  24$aSolvent.
=650  24$aSolubility.
=700  1\$aOhtsubo, T.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102149.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102150
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102150$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102150$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aNA2870
=082  04$a709$223
=100  1\$aIsmael, I. S.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCharacterization of Serpentinites for Potential Use as Dimension Stone /$cI. S. Ismael, M. S. Hassan.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (17 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b43
=520  3\$aSerpentinites are widely distributed in Egypt, particularly in central and southern parts of the Eastern Desert. There are several inter-related factors that affect the use of serpentinites as dimension stone. These factors involve mineralogical characteristics (including mineral compositions and microstructural parameters), physical properties, and mechanical properties. The main factor identified in this study is orientation of foliation planes in serpentinites. Samples that are selected parallel to foliation planes have higher mechanical properties than those perpendicular to it. Antigorite is the essential serpentinite mineral with minor amounts of chrysotile. Talc, carbonates (magnesite and dolomite), and tremolite are the main associated minerals. Quality and quantity of associated minerals such as talc and carbonates greatly influence the proper use of serpentinites as dimension stone. Studied serpentinites are characterized by relatively small grain size and foliated texture, low water absorption, low porosity, and high abrasion resistance. Physico-mechanical properties of studied serpentinites as well as mineralogical characteristics lead us to conclude that these serpentinites are suitable for specific applications as dimension stone.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aDecoration and ornament, Byzantine.
=650  \0$aFoliation (Architecture and decoration)
=650  \0$aStone carving.
=650  \0$aDimension stone.
=650  \0$aMicrostructure.
=650  \0$aFoliation.
=650  \0$aMechanical properties.
=650  \0$aMineral contents.
=650  \0$aPhysical properties.
=650  \0$aSerpentinites.
=650  14$aSerpentinites.
=650  24$aMineral contents.
=650  24$aMicrostructure.
=650  24$aFoliation.
=650  24$aDimension stone.
=650  24$aPhysical properties.
=650  24$aMechanical properties.
=700  1\$aHassan, M. S.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102150.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102151
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102151$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102151$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD380
=082  04$a660.2/993$223
=100  1\$aHazen, James L.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aStabilization of Suspension Concentrate Formulations via Specialized Double-comb Polymers /$cJames L. Hazen, Dr. Karin Bergström.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b3
=520  3\$aAlkyl naphthalene sulfonate condensates, lignosulfonates, block copolymers, and alkoxylated polyarylphenol derivatives are used as dispersants in pesticide suspension concentrate (SC) and suspoemulsion formulations. Typically, a pesticide formulation could contain either type of dispersant, with the final selection being driven by the active ingredient and the desired performance characteristics of the final formulation. Until now, little attention has been focused to the use of stabilizing polymers to improve the quality and shelf life of these formulations. Comparative data were generated on selected aqueous SC formulations to better understand the particle stabilization effects of a specialized double-comb polymer. Significant improvement of suspension stability is possible over the standard formulations.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSuspensions (Chemistry)$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aPolymers.
=650  \0$aPolymerdispersion.
=650  \0$aStabilität.
=650  \0$aSuspension.
=650  \0$aDispersion.
=650  \0$aFormulation.
=650  \0$aStabilization.
=650  \0$aComb polymer.
=650  \0$aDispersant.
=650  14$aComb polymer.
=650  24$aStabilization.
=650  24$aSuspension concentrate.
=650  24$aFormulation.
=650  24$aDispersant.
=700  1\$aBergström, Dr. Karin,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102151.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102152
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102152$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102152$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD116.P64
=082  04$a543.0872$223
=100  1\$aBuggy, Conor J.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDetermination of Spatial and Seasonal Distribution of Surface Sediment Contamination in an Irish River and Estuarine System /$cConor J. Buggy, John M. Tobin.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (18 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b36
=520  3\$aAn investigation of sedimentary matrices in a polluted Irish river and estuary was undertaken to determine the distribution both spatially, and more importantly seasonally, of metal and organometal contamination on a monthly basis over 2 years. No previous investigations in Ireland have undertaken such a detailed analytical regime. The Tolka River and Estuary, Dublin, Ireland, is a typical Irish urban river and estuarine system, and it was chosen for this study as it has significant metal and organometal contaminant loading arising from the urban environment in general but also specific sources including a closed landfill. A 1-month sampling and analysis regime was devised to optimize riverine and estuarine analysis to determine seasonality of contaminant distribution. Between August 2003 and January 2005, contaminant concentrations within the surface sediment of the river and estuarine system were analyzed monthly from 20 sampling points. Six metals (cadmium (Cd), chromium (Cr), copper (Cu), nickel (Ni), lead (Pb), and zinc (Zn)) and an organometal (tributyltin (TBT)) were analyzed using differential pulse polarography. This assessment created an extensive database to determine spatial and seasonal distributions of contaminants over time and various in situ environmental and anthropogenic parameters that influence these distributions. It was found that contaminant concentrations within surface sediment are highly variable seasonally. Contaminant concentrations were observed to gradually increase (30–120 %) in spring to a maximum at the end of summer, which was followed by a decrease in winter months (30–60 %); e.g., at one estuarine site in February 2004, lead concentrations of 148.5 ppm were recorded, followed by a gradual increase to 312.1 ppm in July and a subsequent decrease to 131.1 ppm in January 2005. This paper presents the final 12 months of contaminant analysis as this period provided the clearest illustration of contaminant spatial and seasonal distributions.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aTributyltin.
=650  \0$aMetals.
=650  \0$aSediment.
=650  \0$aEstuary.
=650  \0$aPolarography.
=650  14$aPolarography.
=650  24$aMetals.
=650  24$aTributyltin.
=650  24$aRiver.
=650  24$aEstuary.
=650  24$aSediment.
=700  1\$aTobin, John M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102152.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102153
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102153$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102153$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTS655
=082  04$a671.7/34$223
=100  1\$aZabkiewicz, J. A.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMultiple Metal Cations as Spray Deposit Tracers and Evaluation of the AGDISP Ground Boom Spray Drift Model /$cJ. A. Zabkiewicz, K. D. Steele, R. J. Connell.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b18
=520  3\$aThe determination of spray drift by agrichemicals in field applications is laborious and expensive. Dyes have been used as tracers to reduce workloads and costs, but these methods have technical drawbacks. Metal cations have also been used as tracers and this method is promising, especially if a number of distinct cations from consecutive spray applications can be collected cumulatively by the same collectors. This study evaluated the use of various water soluble metal cation salts and plastic tape as a cost-effective collector for spray drift deposits. Measured deposit values were compared with calculated outputs from the AGDISP ground boom spray drift model. The comparisons showed that AGDISP over estimated downwind deposition and under estimated deposition within the last swathe in the spray block. Increasing boom height above the canopy improved within spray block deposition estimates. Varying wind direction had negligible effect; increasing relative humidity gave greater deposition closer to the spray block. These trends are discussed, together with the pros and cons of the metal cation and plastic tape collector system.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMetal spraying$xMathematical models.
=650  \0$aMetal spraying$xComputer simulation.
=650  \0$aMetall.
=650  \0$aSimulation.
=650  \0$aSpray.
=650  \0$aMetal cation tracers.
=650  \0$aSpray drift.
=650  14$aSpray drift.
=650  24$aMetal cation tracers.
=650  24$aPlastic tape collectors.
=650  24$aAGDISP ground boom model.
=700  1\$aSteele, K. D.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aConnell, R. J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102153.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102156
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102156$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102156$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP272
=082  04$a662/.2$223
=100  1\$aKlein, Robert N.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Effect of Adjuvants, Pesticide Formulation, and Spray Nozzle Tips on Spray Droplet Size /$cRobert N. Klein, Jeffrey A. Golus, Kelli L. Nelms.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aMany factors, including adjuvants, pesticide formulations, and nozzle tips, affect spray droplet size. It is important to understand these factors as spray droplet size affects both drift and efficacy of pesticides, which is a main concern with pesticide application. A laser particle analyzer was used to determine the spray droplet size and distributions of a range of formulations sprayed through several types of nozzle tips. Nozzles included were extended range flat fan sizes 11003 and 11005 (Spraying Systems XR), air induction flat fan sizes 11005 and 11004 (AI), air induction extended range flat fan size 11005 (AIXR), preorifice flat fan size 11005 (TT), and a second preorifice flat fan size 2.5 (TF). Several deposition/retention adjuvants were studied, including Array, Interlock, In-Place, and Thrust. Another study looked at diflufenzopyr + dicamba (Status, BASF) in combination with several adjuvants. Also, three fungicides were evaluated at differing spray volumes. Results indicated that the droplet size of some nozzle tips is more affected than others by changes in the contents of the spray solution.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aExplosifs$xAdjuvants.
=650  \0$aExplosifs$xAnalyse.
=650  \0$aAttentats à la bombe$xPrévention$xInnovations.
=650  \0$aSpray droplet size.
=650  \0$aAdjuvant.
=650  14$aSpray droplet size.
=650  24$aSpray particle distribution.
=650  24$aAdjuvant.
=700  1\$aGolus, Jeffrey A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNelms, Kelli L.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102156.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102158
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102158$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102158$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aUG447
=082  04$a358.38$223
=100  1\$aVanHouten, J. W.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDioxin Assessment in a River Flood Plain :$bSoil and Sediment Contamination /$cJ. W. VanHouten.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b14
=520  3\$aDioxins are a group of 210 chemicals with similar properties and structures that are usually found as a “mixture” in the environment. Dioxins are found at low levels in air, soil, water, and sediment as well in foods such meat, dairy, fish, and shellfish. The highest levels are usually found in sediments soil and animal fats. The most toxic chemical in the group is 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-para-dioxin, which is the “standard” to which other dioxins are compared. This paper examines the Michigan Department of Environmental Quality (MDEQ) assessment and remediation efforts in the Tittabawassee River (Michigan, USA) flood plain. Soil and sediment samples indicate higher than “normal” (background) levels of dioxins for soil and sediment, which exceed the Center for Disease Control (CDC) and U.S. Agency for Toxic Substances and Diseases Registry (ATSDR) action level of 1000 parts per trillion. Data presented indicates the difficulties associated with assessing historical dioxin levels in environments such as soil and sediments. Activities associated with these efforts such as dioxin and furan exposure studies, animal toxicology assessments, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) enforcement, MDEQ efforts to expedite remediation, as well as future directions for this on-going project are discussed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aForurening.
=650  \0$aLangtidsvirkninger.
=650  \0$aDioxin kemi.
=650  \0$aHerbicides.
=650  \0$aEcology.
=650  \0$aDow Chemical Co.
=650  \0$aFurans.
=650  \0$aSoil and sediment.
=650  14$aDioxin.
=650  24$aTittabawassee River flood plain.
=650  24$a2,3,7,8-TCDD.
=650  24$aSoil and sediment.
=650  24$aFurans.
=650  24$aDow Chemical Co.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102158.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102159
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102159$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102159$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTD145
=082  04$a628$223
=100  1\$aPantazidou, Marina,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEvaluating Management Options for the Disposal of Dredged Sediments /$cMarina Pantazidou, Alexandra Katsiri, Krishna R. Reddy.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b31
=520  3\$aThis paper presents a screening framework that evaluates management options for the disposal of dredged sediments on the basis of chemical and toxicological characterization tests. The paper provides a combined brief overview of disposal options for dredged sediments and relevant testing, together with simplified decision rules for the feasibility of each option. The framework provides for two stages of assessment. In Stage I, disposal in open waters is evaluated based on the combination of results from chemical and toxicological analyses, supplemented by physical characteristics of sediments. For sediments that do not meet requirements for open-water disposal, Stage II evaluates the suitability of disposal in landfills or in confined facilities, upland and underwater. Decisions in Stage II are facilitated by well-established effluent criteria applied to ambient water and wastes admitted to landfills, as well as by calculations estimating the impact of sediment contaminants to the vicinity of the subaqueous confining structures. The application of the decision-making methodology is demonstrated using test results from sediment samples from Piraeus Harbor, Greece, and Indiana Harbor, IL, USA. Results showed that the framework is able to discriminate well among sediments from different subareas to be dredged. Disposal to open water is not feasible for most contaminated sediments from areas with increased shipping activities. Disposal in confined facilities (subaqueous or upland) proved to be a viable option for most of the sediments, whereas all sediments were characterized as nonhazardous and can therefore be accepted in an ordinary landfill.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSoil remediation.
=650  \0$aContaminated sediments$xManagement.
=650  \0$aRefuse and refuse disposal.
=650  \0$aSediment capping.
=650  \0$aDredged material.
=650  \0$aSediment disposal.
=650  14$aSediment disposal.
=650  24$aDredged material.
=650  24$aEnvironmental decision-making.
=700  1\$aKatsiri, Alexandra,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aReddy, Krishna R.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102159.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102160
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102160$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102160$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTD878
=082  04$a363.739/4$223
=100  1\$aLenhart, John J.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPolychlorinated Biphenyl Transport from Consolidation of Contaminated Sediments During In Situ Capping /$cJohn J. Lenhart, Jangguen Lee, Yu. Sik Hwang, Patrick J. Fox.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b30
=520  3\$aThe management of sediments contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) is an issue of significant contemporary concern. The application of an in situ cap to isolate and contain the contaminants is a desirable management option that is hindered by a lack of detailed information regarding the fate of the contaminants after cap installation. In this study, we evaluate the fate and transport of PCBs in fine-grained, organic-rich sediments during and after the application of an in situ cap, with the goal of estimating the release of dissolved and colloid-bound contaminants from consolidating sediments under a variety of capping scenarios. Three capping materials were evaluated for their propensity to hinder PCB release; quartz sand, activated carbon, and a proprietary organoclay. Consolidation tests to simulate in situ rapid dewatering were conducted using contaminated sediment dredged from the Grand Calumet River in Gary, Indiana. The results of tests conducted without a cap indicate that rapid transient flow caused by consolidation results in the release of colloid-bound PCBs at concentrations exceeding 10 μg total PCBs per liter of effluent pore fluid, which was far above the calculated dissolved PCB concentration. Tests conducted to simulate release from capped sediments showed all three capping materials reduced the release of particles and associated PCBs by over 80 %. The dissolved organic carbon content also decreased significantly. The organoclay and activated carbon were more effective than sand for both particle and PCB removal. This work demonstrates that reactive caps help to mitigate contaminant release due to sediment consolidation and should be considered as a viable management option for in situ remediation of PCB-contaminated sediments.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aContaminated sediments$xManagement.
=650  \0$aMarine sediments.
=650  \0$aHarbors.
=650  \0$aWaterways.
=650  \0$aIn situ capping.
=650  \0$aConsolidation.
=650  \0$aContaminant.
=650  \0$aSediment.
=650  \0$aTransport.
=650  14$aSediment.
=650  24$aPCB.
=650  24$aContaminant.
=650  24$aConsolidation.
=650  24$aTransport.
=650  24$aIn situ capping.
=700  1\$aLee, Jangguen,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHwang, Yu. Sik,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFox, Patrick J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102160.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102163
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102163$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102163$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aSB952.I46
=082  04$a632/.954$223
=100  1\$aBernards, Mark L.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aImazapyr Absorption and Translocation in Northern Red Oak and Red Maple as Affected by Herbicide Formulation and the Adjuvant Methylated Seed Oil /$cMark L. Bernards, Donald Penner, Jan Michael.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b20
=520  3\$aImazapyr-based herbicides are important in removing deciduous hardwood species from conifer plantations. Imazapyr can be applied as a site preparation (pre-establishment) application or as a postestablishment herbaceous or release application. Herbicide efficacy is dependent, in part, on how much herbicide is absorbed and translocated throughout the target weed species. Herbicide absorption can be strongly influenced by herbicide formulation or tank-mix adjuvants. Little data are available on imazapyr absorption and translocation by woody species. The objective of this research was to compare the absorption and translocation of six experimental formulations of imazapyr to a commercial formulation, Chopper®, with and without methylated seed oil (MSO), in northern red oak (Quercus rubra L.) and red maple (Acer rubrum L.). Saplings of both species were grown in the greenhouse until they reached a height of approximately 1 m. Trees were blocked according to size, and treatments were randomly assigned within blocks. For the absorption study, five leaves were selected per plant and received two 1-μL drops of 14C-imazapyr-labeled solution. Leaves were rinsed at 2, 8, 24, 72, and 144 h after treatment (HAT). Absorption was quantified as 14C imazapyr that was not collected in the rinse solution. All experimental formulations that were tank-mixed with MSO increased absorption on oak compared to Chopper+MSO. Not all experimental formulations increased absorption in maple, and absorption data were highly variable. Absorption continued for at least 72 HAT in both species for most formulations. For the translocation study, one leaf was treated with two 1-μL drops of 14C-imazapyr-labeled solution. The leaf was rinsed at 144 HAT, and the plant was harvested and divided into sections: above treated leaf, treated leaf, below treated leaf, and roots. The majority (52–91 %) of the applied imazapyr remained in the treated leaf. More imazapyr was translocated from the leaf of red oak than red maple. Translocated 14C accumulated in the tissue above the treated leaf (3–13 % of absorbed) and in the roots (3–34 %). Including the adjuvant MSO and optimizing the herbicide formulation increased the absorption of imazapyr in red maple and northern red oak.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHerbicides.
=650  \0$aImidazolinones.
=650  \0$aHerbizid.
=650  \0$aImidazolinone.
=650  \0$aTree.
=650  \0$aHerbicide movement.
=650  14$aImidazolinone.
=650  24$aTree.
=650  24$aHerbicide movement.
=700  1\$aPenner, Donald,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMichael, Jan,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102163.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102164
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102164$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102164$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD547
=082  04$a541.3453$223
=100  1\$aManhart, Christine S.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aVerification of Site Cleanup Using a Dual-Equilibrium Desorption Model /$cChristine S. Manhart, Ronald C. Chaney, Christopher J. Watt, Sandra Slonim.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b8
=520  3\$aThe dual-equilibrium desorption (DED) model was introduced in 2002 illustrating the apparent biphasic nature of desorption of contaminants from soil. This model was applied to a gasoline fueling station investigation in northwestern California in which it was tested against empirical data for dissolved-phase gasoline constituents in groundwater in the attempt to predict remediation end points. In this work, we are further testing the applicability of DED to field-based investigations by comparing its model predictions with flow modeling and advective-dispersive contaminant transport empirical results. The model was tested in two parts. First, groundwater flow was modeled using the Laplace equation for groundwater flow in two dimensions. This was compared to observations and used to describe the distribution of hydraulic heads across the flow field. This distribution was then used as input for the contaminant transport model. The equations for advective-dispersive transport were modified by substituting the distribution coefficient with that predicted in the DED. Predicted concentrations were then compared to concentrations observed in a downgradient monitoring well. Results indicate that this procedure is useful in predicting the timing of spikes in contaminant transport to within six months to one year and that the magnitude of those peaks were under predicted by approximately 2 %. The implication is that contaminant spikes are not transported in coherent packets but in a more chaotic manner, possible due to fractionation of gasoline. While better precision may be desired, this is one of the few methods available for use with chemical mixtures, such as total petroleum hydrocarbons.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aElectron-stimulated desorption$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aDésorption par stimulation électronique$xCongrès.
=650  \0$aElectron-stimulated desorption.
=650  \0$aDésorption$xcongrès.
=650  \0$aAdvective-dispersive.
=650  \0$aFinite difference.
=650  \0$aDual-equilibrium.
=650  \0$aDesorption.
=650  \0$aRemediation.
=650  \0$aDredge sediments.
=650  14$aDual-equilibrium.
=650  24$aDesorption.
=650  24$aFinite difference.
=650  24$aSands.
=650  24$aDredge sediments.
=650  24$aPetroleum hydrocarbons.
=650  24$aRemediation.
=650  24$aModel.
=650  24$aAdvective-dispersive.
=650  24$aRemediation end point.
=700  1\$aChaney, Ronald C.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWatt, Christopher J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSlonim, Sandra,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102164.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102165
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102165$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102165$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC454.P48
=082  04$a530.4/16$223
=100  1\$aChrysochoou, Maria,$eauthor.
=245  10$aExperimental Studies on Coupled Treatment of Chromite Ore Processing Residue /$cMaria Chrysochoou, Dimitris Dermatas, Christos Christodoulatos.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b20
=520  3\$aA study was performed to investigate the combined treatment of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) and heaving in Chromite Ore Processing Residue (COPR). Treatment of heaving focused on the intentional exhaustion of the mineral brownmillerite, the hydration of which is considered responsible for volume expansion in COPR deposition sites in New Jersey. The addition of sufficient amounts of sulfate under different conditions of temperature, acidity, and particle size aimed in the quick transformation of brownmillerite to ettringite, a phenomenon observed during a COPR pilot scale study. Simultaneously, the reductive treatment of hexavalent chromium (Cr(VI)) in COPR was pursued using calcium polysulfide (CPS) and ferrous sulfate (FS). X-ray Absorption Near Edge Spectroscopy (XANES) analyses showed that neither reductant was able to reduce Cr(VI) below 1,000 mg/kg after three months (FS) and six months (CPS) of treatment. However, competitive sulfide oxidation by oxygen was much slower compared to ferrous iron oxidation, as evidenced by chemical analyses. Quantitative X-ray diffraction analyses showed that brownmillerite dissolved to form ettringite only in a sample treated with FS at 50°C; neither acidity or temperature alone were able to trigger brownmillerite dissolution and ettringite formation. Particle size reduction to <150 μm had also no apparent effect in the rate of brownmillerite dissolution. Thus, CPS is deemed a more appropriate reductant for Cr(VI) treatment, while the exhaustion of brownmillerite appears to be a challenging engineering task.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPhotoemission.
=650  \0$aSpektroskopie.
=650  \0$aUnbesetzter Zustand.
=650  \0$aXANES.
=650  \0$aHexavalent chromium.
=650  \0$aReduction.
=650  14$aHexavalent chromium.
=650  24$aReduction.
=650  24$aXANES.
=650  24$aChromite ore processing residue.
=700  1\$aDermatas, Dimitris,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aChristodoulatos, Christos,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102165.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102166
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102166$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102166$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTD427.H45
=082  04$a363.7/384$223
=100  1\$aInui, Toru,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSpeciation and Mobility Assessment of Heavy Metals in the Coastal Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator Ash Landfill /$cToru Inui, Yoshihiro Oya, Hermelinda Plata, Takeshi Katsumi, Masashi Kamon.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b17
=520  3\$aIn the metropolitan areas of Japan, coastal landfills have become a practical and main solution for the disposal of municipal solid waste incinerator ash (MSWIA) due to limited inland space. Leachate from the landfilled MSWIA contains many dissolved and suspended substances harmful to the surrounding environment, particularly heavy metals, such as lead, zinc, and cadmium. The mobility assessment of these heavy metals is therefore one of the important environmental issues for the coastal landfill. In this paper, modified batch tests were conducted to investigate the effects of pH and Eh changes on the mobility of heavy metals in both MSWIA and marine clay layer. Based on the speciation of heavy metals by using a sequential extraction method in the leachate-MSWIA and leachate-marine clay systems, heavy metal mobility and availability were discussed with the comparison to large-scale model test results presented by (Kamon et al. “Biochemical Effects on the Long-Term Mobility of Heavy Metals in Marine Clay at Coastal Landfill Sites,” J. ASTM Int., Vol. 3, 2006), which provides the long-term change in heavy metal concentrations and forms in the coastal MSWIA landfill site. Under the high pH (≈11) and low Eh (≈−200 mV) condition in the MSWIA-leachate system, Zn, Pb, and Cd were effectively immobilized by the formation of the reducible and oxidizable fractions of Zn and the oxidizable and residual (insoluble) fractions of Pb significantly. However, the potential mobility of Cd was relatively high since the formation of exchangeable compounds was more dominantly contributed to the immobilization. Test results on the speciation of the metals in the marine clay-leachate system accounts well for the evidence that the marine clay acts as the attenuation layer for heavy metals in leachate. These findings strongly support that heavy metal mobility is restricted in the coastal MSWIA landfill due to the formation of stable and insoluble forms under reduced-alkaline condition and the attenuation effect of the marine clay.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHeavy metals$xEnvironmental aspects$zLatin America$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aWater$xPollution$xEnvironmental aspects$zLatin America$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aCoastal zone management$xEnvironmental aspects$zLatin America$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aCoastal zone management$xEnvironmental aspects.
=650  \0$aHeavy metals$xEnvironmental aspects.
=650  \0$aMSW incinerator ash.
=650  \0$aRedox potential.
=650  \0$aHeavy metals.
=650  \0$aMarine clay.
=650  14$aHeavy metals.
=650  24$aMarine clay.
=650  24$aMSW incinerator ash.
=650  24$aPH.
=650  24$aRedox potential.
=650  24$aSequential extraction test.
=700  1\$aOya, Yoshihiro,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPlata, Hermelinda,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKatsumi, Takeshi,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKamon, Masashi,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102166.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102168
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102168$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102168$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTD899.W3
=082  04$a628/.354$223
=100  1\$aZhao, Y. Q.,$eauthor.
=245  13$aAn Innovative Solution for Managing Waterworks Sludge :$bDeveloping an Alum Sludge-Based Multistage Constructed Wetland System for Wastewater Treatment /$cY. Q. Zhao, A. O. Babatunde, X. H. Zhao.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b23
=520  3\$aWaterworks sludge continues to be an inescapable by-product of the potable water treatment process. Accordingly, final disposal of the sludge remains one of the most significant pressing problems for the potable water treatment industry. The possibility of reusing the sludge as a main substrate in a novel constructed wetland system was investigated in this study. Results show that significant phosphorus (P) and other pollutants removal were achieved in the system. With a mean influent 5-day biochemical oxygen demand and chemical oxygen demand levels of 392.7 and 579.8 mg/L, respectively, a removal efficiency of 90.6 % and 71.8 %, respectively, was obtained. P removal was however exceptionally high despite the high influent mean P level of 45.3 mg P/L, which is about two to three times the level of P commonly found in sewage. This is attributable to the P adsorption capacity of the alum sludge and this highlights the benefits of its reuse in the system. The paper presents and discusses the findings from a laboratory scale research, which has potential for further large scale implementation.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAlum.
=650  \0$aSewage$xPurification$xActivated sludge process.
=650  \0$aWater treatment plant residuals.
=650  \0$aConstructed wetland.
=650  \0$aAlum sludge.
=650  \0$aAluminum.
=650  \0$aPhosphorus.
=650  \0$aWastewater treatment.
=650  14$aAluminum.
=650  24$aAlum sludge.
=650  24$aConstructed wetland.
=650  24$aPhosphorus.
=650  24$aReuse.
=650  24$aWastewater treatment.
=700  1\$aBabatunde, A. O.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aZhao, X. H.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102168.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102169
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102169$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102169$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aGC380.15
=082  04$a551.4601$223
=100  1\$aDamikouka, Ioanna,$eauthor.
=245  10$aChemical Speciation and Heavy Metal Mobility in Contaminated Marine Sediments /$cIoanna Damikouka, Alexandra Katsiri.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b35
=520  3\$aManagement of sediments from coastal areas, contaminated with heavy metals and organic substances, is a very critical issue. Management decisions are usually based on total pollutant concentrations and various guidelines that are used by different countries. Heavy metals can be mobilized from polluted sediments if they are exposed to changing environmental conditions that occur during excavation, disposal at sea, or disposal in confined facilities. This paper examines the changes in heavy metals partitioning to binding phases in contaminated marine sediments and the release of metals to the environment. Environmental conditions are simulated by submitting sediments to a modified elutriation test with oxygenated and deoxygenated seawater. A sequential extraction procedure is used to determine the binding fractions of heavy metals in the sediments. Fractionation analysis of excavated marine sediments from the port of Piraeus, Greece showed that copper is primarily associated with organic matter, whereas lead and zinc are primarily associated with iron oxides. Under anoxic conditions, the metals bound to the various binding fractions remain practically stable. On the other hand, under oxic conditions, an increase in the concentration of metals associated with carbonates and a decrease in the concentration of metals associated with organic matter and iron oxides were observed. Both under oxic and anoxic conditions, actual metal mobility was very low and less than 0.5 % of total metal mass was found in the dissolved phase.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aGeochemistry.
=650  \0$aHeavy metals.
=650  \0$aMarine sediments.
=650  \0$aHeavy metals.
=650  \0$aMarine sediments.
=650  \0$aElutriation test.
=650  14$aMarine sediments.
=650  24$aHeavy metals.
=650  24$aSequential extraction.
=650  24$aElutriation test.
=700  1\$aKatsiri, Alexandra,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102169.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102170
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102170$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102170$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTD899.W65
=082  04$a668.109283$223
=100  1\$aGill, Laurence,$eauthor.
=245  10$aNatural Attenuation of Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals in On-Site Domestic Wastewater Treatment Systems /$cLaurence Gill, Bruce Misstear, Paul Johnston, Niall O’Luanaigh.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b45
=520  3\$aGroundwater is an important resource in Ireland which is under increasing risk from the burgeoning numbers of decentralized houses and their respective on-site treatment systems which discharge effluent to ground via a number of parallel percolation trenches. The three-dimensional performance of separate percolation areas have been intensively monitored to ascertain the attenuation of selected Endocrine Disruption Compounds (EDCs) from freely draining unsaturated subsoils receiving septic tank effluent and secondary treated effluent. The performance of secondary treatment and tertiary treatment horizontal subsurface flow reed beds was also studied with respect to EDC removal. The study showed that the development of a biomat across the percolation areas receiving secondary treated effluent was muted compared to the site receiving septic tank effluent on which the percolating effluent spread naturally by gravity over a much larger area. In general, the results showed the oestrogens (oestrone, oestrdiaol, ethynyloestradiol, and oestriol) percolating though the unsaturated subsoil were significantly degraded with depth down to very low values (<1 ng/L), with the exception of oestriol in the secondary treated effluent plume which seemed to be more persistent. There appeared to be little or no degradation of oestrogens under the saturated anaerobic conditions in the reed beds. The organic oxygen compound, bisphenol A, was not significantly reduced in the aerobic secondary treatment processes although some degradation was evident with depth through the subsoil in all trenches. Bisphenol A also showed no significant degradation in the reed bed environment. Finally, the study investigated the fate of caffeine (as a potential indicator of on-site effluent) which showed considerable removal in the aerobic subsoil conditions beneath all the trenches compared to little degradation of caffeine in the saturated anaerobic environment of the reed beds.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aWater reuse.
=650  \0$aSewage$xPurification.
=650  \0$aWastewater$xTreatment.
=650  \0$aReed beds.
=650  \0$aSeptic tanks.
=650  \0$aSubsoils.
=650  \0$aWastewater treatment.
=650  14$aEndocine Disrupting Chemicals.
=650  24$aSeptic tanks.
=650  24$aSubsoils.
=650  24$aReed beds.
=650  24$aWastewater treatment.
=700  1\$aMisstear, Bruce,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aJohnston, Paul,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aO’Luanaigh, Niall,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102170.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102173
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102173$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102173$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aS620
=082  04$a581.526$223
=100  1\$aMorteau, B.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aTreatment of Salted Road Runoffs Using Typha latifolia, Spergularia canadensis, and Atriplex patula :$bA Comparison of Their Salt Removal Potential /$cB. Morteau, G. Triffault-Bouchet, R. Galvez, L. Martel, S. Leroueil.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b25
=520  3\$aDe-icing salts are used all around the world to improve driving security. Their impacts on the environment are a major concern, especially due to the production of salted road runoffs that induce rising of salinity of freshwater ecosystems. Some plants tolerate high salt concentrations and are able to accumulate large amounts of salt in their tissues. To protect freshwater ecosystems, constructed wetland incorporating this kind of plant could be used to treat salted road runoffs before they reached natural ecosystems. Lake Saint-Augustin, located near Quebec City (Quebec, Canada) is used as an experimental watershed area. Typha latifolia, Atriplex patula, and Spergularia canadensis have been selected and assessed for their ability to survive and grow in salted waters by accumulating salt in their tissues. Germination (20 days) experiments, recovery experiments (20 days), and chloride accumulation experiments (2 months) have been performed in a controlled environment. The three species showed no germination inhibition for salt concentrations found in the field (0, 150, 1500 mg NaCl/L). Accumulation of chloride has been found significant for all species. Typha latifolia showed the best accumulation of chloride (63 mgCl−/g of dry mass) which corresponds to a standing stock up to 230,000 mgCl⋅m2. This result is promising and supports the decision for upgrading the process to a constructed wetland.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAgriculture.
=650  \0$aBiosaline resources.
=650  \0$aSalt-tolerant crops.
=650  \0$aAtriplex patula.
=650  \0$aTypha latifolia.
=650  \0$aChloride.
=650  \0$aStanding stock.
=650  \0$aAccumulation.
=650  \0$aHalophytes.
=650  \0$aDe-icing salt.
=650  14$aHalophytes.
=650  24$aAtriplex patula.
=650  24$aSpergualria canadensis.
=650  24$aTypha latifolia.
=650  24$aAccumulation.
=650  24$aStanding stock.
=650  24$aDe-icing salt.
=650  24$aChloride.
=700  1\$aTriffault-Bouchet, G.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGalvez, R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMartel, L.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLeroueil, S.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102173.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102175
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102175$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102175$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK7895.M4
=082  04$a621.39/732$223
=100  1\$aToktogulova, D. A.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aInfluence of Neutron Irradiation on Energy Accumulation and Dissipation during Plastic Flow and Hardening of Metallic Polycrystals /$cD. A. Toktogulova, M. N. Gusev, O. P. Maksimkin, F. A. Garner.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b20
=520  3\$aDeformation-calorimetric experiments have been performed on specimens of Armco iron, pure nickel, and two austenitic chromium-nickel alloys: 12Cr18Ni10Ti and 03Cr20Ni45Mo4Nb, each tested in both unirradiated and irradiated conditions. It has been shown that for neutron-irradiated 12Cr18Ni10Ti stainless steel and also for nickel and Armco iron, the latent energy (Es) versus σ curves shift towards lower values of Es, and these curves progressively lose their parabolic appearance that is typical for unirradiated metals and alloys. It has also been shown experimentally that “excess heat” is measured when stored energy associated with radiation-produced defect agglomerates is released during their annihilation in formation of defect-free channels. In effect more energy in released than the mechanical energy supplied externally to cause deformation of the specimen. When post-irradiation annealing is used to reduce the concentration of defect agglomerates, the excess energy phenomenon disappears.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSoft errors (Computer science)
=650  \0$aSemiconductor storage devices.
=650  \0$aRadiation dosimetry.
=650  \0$aNuclear physics.
=650  \0$aEnergy balance.
=650  \0$aNeutron irradiation.
=650  \0$aExcess heat.
=650  \0$aLatent energy.
=650  14$aNeutron irradiation.
=650  24$aEnergy balance.
=650  24$aLatent energy.
=650  24$aExcess heat.
=650  24$aPost-irradiation annealing.
=700  1\$aGusev, M. N.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMaksimkin, O. P.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGarner, F. A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102175.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102180
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102180$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102180$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH1065
=082  04$a628.922$223
=100  1\$aPhillips, W. D.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAssessing and Classifying the Fire-Resistance of Industrial Hydraulic Fluids :$bThe Way Ahead? /$cW. D. Phillips.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b24
=520  3\$aThe combustion behavior of hydraulic fluids can vary significantly but many types are currently labeled as “fire-resistant.” This lack of discrimination cannot only be confusing to the user, but may result in incorrect fluid selection with potentially dangerous consequences. The paper therefore suggests an alternative way of classifying 'fire resistant' fluids. However, for acceptance, the methods used to measure “fire resistance” have to be agreed. The paper therefore examines the principal methods in current use for determining this property and proposes a test regime to help define the levels of performance.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFire protection engineering.
=650  \0$aFire safety.
=650  \0$aDesigns.
=650  \0$aRisk management.
=650  \0$aSmoke control.
=650  \0$aPerformance evaluation.
=650  \0$aFire resistance.
=650  \0$aFlame propagation.
=650  \0$aHot surface ignition.
=650  \0$aSpray ignition.
=650  \0$aPhosphate esters.
=650  \0$aPolyalkyleneglycols.
=650  \0$aPolyol esters.
=650  \0$aSelf-extinguishment.
=650  \0$aWick test.
=650  \0$aIgnitability.
=650  14$aFire resistance.
=650  24$aFire-resistant hydraulic fluids.
=650  24$aIgnitability.
=650  24$aFlame propagation.
=650  24$aSelf-extinguishment.
=650  24$aPhosphate esters.
=650  24$aPolyol esters.
=650  24$aPolyalkyleneglycols.
=650  24$aSpray ignition.
=650  24$aHot surface ignition.
=650  24$aWick test.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102180.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102181
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102181$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102181$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTD427.N87
=082  04$a363.739/4$223
=100  1\$aSoumis-Dugas, Gabriel,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEcotoxicological Assessment of an In-Lake Remediation Method /$cGabriel Soumis-Dugas, Gaëlle Triffaut-Bouchet, Rosa Galvez, Louis Martel.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b43
=520  3\$aEutrophication and contaminated sediments are preoccupying issues in aquatic ecosystems and water resources protection. Saint-Augustin Lake (Quebec, Canada) is affected by both problems (eutrophication and contaminated sediment) and the presence of de-icing salts. According to sustainable management principles, Galvez and collaborators are developing an in-lake remediation method to restore eutrophicated lakes which consists of (a) the precipitation of the phosphorus present in the water column by the addition of alum in association with (b) the deposit of an active capping layer (calcite+sand) to isolate P, Al, and the contaminated sediments. The objective of this study is to assess the ecotoxicological impact of this restoration method for the Saint-Augustin Lake. Two ecotoxicological approaches will be used to assess this impact: (a) single-species bioassays using algal (Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata; growth), duckweed (Lemna minor; growth), daphnid (Daphnia magna; survival and reproduction), amphipod (Hyalella azteca; survival and reproduction), and invertebrate (Chironomus riparius; survival, growth, and emergence); and (b) a 2-L microcosm assay using the same organisms for purpose of comparisons. Alum toxicity, calcite impact, and organisms’ recolonization ability will be studied separately: first in artificial conditions, by using formulated sediments and artificial water and by considering de-icing salts impact, and secondly by using the sediments and overlying water of the Saint-Augustin lake. Preliminary results are available and presented here. No effect was measured for salt (NaCl) toxicity on algae, daphnids, chironomids, and amphipods. Alum inhibited algal growth strongly, had no impact on D. magna mobility and survival, but a clear dose-effect response was observed for daphnid reproduction. The global remediation method had almost the same effect as alum on P. subcapitata but stimulated daphnid reproduction at 10 mg/L alum, while it was reduced with 20 mg/L, and completely inhibited with 30 mg/L.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCoastal zone management$xGovernment policy.
=650  \0$aMarine eutrophication.
=650  \0$aNutrient pollution of water.
=650  \0$aAluminum.
=650  \0$aMicrocosm.
=650  \0$aEutrophication.
=650  \0$aIn-lake remediation.
=650  14$aEcotoxicological assessment.
=650  24$aEutrophication.
=650  24$aContaminated sediments.
=650  24$aAluminum.
=650  24$aMicrocosm.
=650  24$aSustainable management.
=650  24$aIn-lake remediation.
=700  1\$aTriffaut-Bouchet, Gaëlle,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGalvez, Rosa,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMartel, Louis,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102181.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102182
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102182$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102182$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTD145
=082  04$a628$223
=100  1\$aBreedveld, Gijs D.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aContaminated Sediment Management by Capping and Deep Water Confined Aquatic Disposal in the Harbor of Oslo /$cGijs D. Breedveld, Arne Pettersen, Amy M. P. Oen, Espen Eek, Gerard Cornelissen, Anne Kibsgaard, Audun Hauge, Torild Jørgensen, Kjetil Lønborg Jensen.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b14
=520  3\$aDredging has been prohibited in the harbor of Oslo in the past 15 years as a result of serious sediment contamination. Through a joint effort of the Oslo Harbor Authorities, the Norwegian Road Administration, and the Norwegian Pollution Control Authorities, a remediation plan for the redevelopment of the old harbor of Oslo has been implemented. The plan, which will be completed in 2009, includes dredging of the shallow parts of the harbor down to 15 m of water depth (approximately 450,000 m3), capping of the deeper parts of the harbor (1,000,000 m2), as well as construction of a deep water confined aquatic disposal facility for the dredged material at 70-m depth in the inner Oslofjord. To prevent uncontrolled contaminant transport, an on-line monitoring system is operated that consists of buoys with turbidity loggers and a water current velocity meter. Passive samplers are used for time-integrated sampling of organic contaminants. In addition, periodic sampling and analysis of water and suspended solid samples are carried out. To document the environmental benefit from the remediation, contaminant transport is quantified before, during, and after remediation using flux measurements based on in situ diffusion chambers. Monitoring results show that remobilization of contaminants has been very limited and do not exceed the amounts defined in the environmental permit from the pollution control authorities (environmental budget). Capping resulted in more than 90 % reduction in contaminant flux.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aGreen technology.
=650  \0$aHazardous waste treatment facilities.
=650  \0$aSoil remediation.
=650  \0$aSediment capping.
=650  \0$aMonitoring.
=650  \0$aSediment remediation.
=650  \0$aEnvironmental benefit.
=650  14$aSediment remediation.
=650  24$aMonitoring.
=650  24$aEnvironmental benefit.
=700  1\$aPettersen, Arne,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aOen, Amy M. P.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aEek, Espen,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aCornelissen, Gerard,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKibsgaard, Anne,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHauge, Audun,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aJørgensen, Torild,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aJensen, Kjetil Lønborg,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102182.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102184
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102184$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102184$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTD427.H45
=082  04$a363.7/384$223
=100  1\$aLassière, Olivia L.,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA New Approach to Sustainable Canal Sediment Management in Scotland /$cOlivia L. Lassière, Nick A. Smith, Julia B. G. Johnstone, Alasdair R. Hamilton.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (17 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b32
=520  3\$aBritish Waterways is a public corporation which owns and manages 3220 km of canals and navigable rivers in Britain. Maintaining a safe navigation channel requires the regular removal of large quantities of accumulated sediment (150,000 tons per annum)Please note tons in this paper refers to metric tones, i.e., 1000 kg. which is often contaminated with a “cocktail” of organic and inorganic materials derived from both current and former industrial and agricultural activities. Over the past 15 years, British Waterways has developed and refined a sediment sampling and analysis protocol which takes account of the behavior of contaminated compounds in aqueous environments. This protocol has been developed in consultation with waste and soil chemistry experts and the statutory regulators to accommodate the changing legislative requirements over this period. The protocol facilitates the assessment of hazardous status and selection of appropriate uses for the sediment post removal. A menu of sediment reuse, including soil improvement and creation on agricultural land and recreational areas, production of soil alternatives, landfill capping material, and use as an engineering material is under development to reduce the dependency on landfill. Some of these options may require the sediment to undergo some form of treatment. Until recently, treatment options in the United Kingdom were limited. Now with the requirement for waste to be pretreated before being landfilled, treatment sites and mobile treatment plants are more common. Parallel to this process, British Waterways keeps a watching brief on proposed changes to relevant waste management legislation across the UK and lobbies, where appropriate, for changes which promote sustainable management of canal sediments. Review of, and involvement in, longer term catchment management policies and legislative controls through, inter alia, the European Water Framework Directive, aim to reduce the sediment management burden in the long term. A review of the European Waste Framework Directive is ongoing, which may bring legislative changes related to disposal and reuse of sediments, or both. A series of case studies in the Lowlands and Highlands of Scotland is presented to illustrate the practicalities of this process.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHeavy metals$xEnvironmental aspects$zLatin America$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aWater$xPollution$xEnvironmental aspects$zLatin America$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aCoastal zone management$xEnvironmental aspects$zLatin America$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aCoastal zone management$xEnvironmental aspects.
=650  \0$aHeavy metals$xEnvironmental aspects.
=650  \0$aMonkland.
=650  \0$aScotland.
=650  \0$aHazardous waste.
=650  \0$aCanal.
=650  \0$aContamination.
=650  \0$aCrinan.
=650  \0$aBritish Waterways.
=650  \0$aSediment.
=650  14$aCanal.
=650  24$aSediment.
=650  24$aScotland.
=650  24$aSustainable management.
=650  24$aWaste.
=650  24$aContamination.
=650  24$aForth & Clyde.
=650  24$aCaledonian.
=650  24$aCrinan.
=650  24$aMonkland.
=650  24$aBritish Waterways.
=650  24$aHazardous waste.
=700  1\$aSmith, Nick A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aJohnstone, Julia B. G.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHamilton, Alasdair R.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102184.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102185
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102185$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102185$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aGB1399.6
=082  04$a551.46/86$223
=100  1\$aInoue, Tomohiro,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffect of Contaminated Suspended Solids on Water and Sediment Qualities and Their Treatment /$cTomohiro Inoue, Catherine N. Mulligan, Ehsan M. Zadeh, Masaharu Fukue.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b25
=520  3\$aSuspended solids (SS) have been discharged into water areas such as rivers, lakes, and ponds. The SS adsorb various contaminants such as heavy metals and nutrients and also form sediments by sedimentation. Therefore, contaminated SS will be able to influence not only the water quality, but also the sediment quality. In order to understand the effect of contaminated SS on the water and the sediment, SS and sediment samples were obtained from the des Hurons River in Canada. In addition, laboratory filtration tests were performed to develop a technique for removal of the SS. A downward filtration system was used with a nonwoven geotextile as a filter medium. The apparent opening size (AOS) and the thickness of the filter were 150 μm and 0.2 cm, respectively. For the investigation, the results showed that both SS and the sediments contained heavy metals with concentrations in the SS higher. In particular, zinc concentrations of the SS were approximately from two to five times higher than the Canadian guideline for sediments. In addition, it was found that SS concentrations were associated with chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total phosphorus (T-P) concentrations. Therefore, it was found that SS can play an important role in the water and the sediment qualities. The laboratory filtration tests showed the SS were reduced from 32 mg/L to 2 mg/L or less by the nonwoven filter. Thus, SS removal will improve not only the water quality, but also the quality of the bottom sediments.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSuspended sediments.
=650  \0$aSediment transport.
=650  \0$aMarine sediments.
=650  \0$aGeophysics.
=650  \0$aNonwoven geotextile.
=650  \0$aFiltration.
=650  \0$aHeavy metals.
=650  \0$aNutrients.
=650  \0$aSuspended solids.
=650  14$aSuspended solids.
=650  24$aFiltration.
=650  24$aNutrients.
=650  24$aHeavy metals.
=650  24$aNonwoven geotextile.
=700  1\$aMulligan, Catherine N.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aZadeh, Ehsan M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFukue, Masaharu,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102185.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102186
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102186$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102186$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA169.3
=082  04$a620/.00452$223
=100  1\$aKlosowski, Jerome M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSelective Review of Weathering Tests for Sealants and Thoughts on the Development of Novel Test Concept Based on Simultaneous Weathering and Movement /$cJerome M. Klosowski, Patrick D. Gorman.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b36
=520  3\$aThis paper reviews sealant weathering test methods developed during the past 40 years and highlights the fact that repeated movement cycles were shown to be important to reproduce some of the damage seen on real buildings. The studies reviewed further demonstrate that water, sunlight (especially the UV portion), and heat are important degradation factors that act on real buildings.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAccelerated life testing.
=650  \0$aReliability (Engineering)
=650  \0$aFailure time data analysis.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aAccelerated testing.
=650  \0$aArtificial weathering.
=650  \0$aOutdoor weathering.
=650  \0$aSealants.
=650  14$aAccelerated testing.
=650  24$aOutdoor weathering.
=650  24$aArtificial weathering.
=650  24$aSealants.
=650  24$aFatigue.
=650  24$aReview.
=700  1\$aGorman, Patrick D.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102186.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102188
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102188$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102188$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP680
=082  04$a665/.3$223
=100  1\$ade Souza, Ester Carvalho,$eauthor.
=245  10$aComparison of Structure and Quenching Performance of Vegetable Oils /$cEster Carvalho de Souza, Mauro R. Fernandes, Sylvana C.M. Augustinho, Lauralice de Campos Franceschini Canale, George E. Totten.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (25 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b61
=520  3\$aThis work describes the physical property analysis and molecular structural characterization by gas chromatography and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy of cottonseed, sunflower, corn, canola, and soybean oils. To assess the relative quenching performance of these different vegetable oils, cooling curve analyses was conducted according to ASTM D6200 at series of quenchant bath temperatures: 40, 60, 80, 100, and 120°C. For comparison, cooling curve analysis under the same testing conditions for a commercially available conventional and an accelerated petroleum oil-based quenchant was also performed. This work showed that although the different vegetable oils exhibited significantly different molecular structures, their viscosity and viscosity-temperature behavior was comparable. Also, the quenching performance of the different vegetable oils, while not identical, was not significantly different from each other. However, it is noteworthy that the vegetable oils did not exhibit classical film boiling or nucleate boiling behavior during quenching. For this reason, the quenching performance was different from either the conventional or the accelerated quench oils, which exhibited the expected film boiling, nucleate boiling, and convective cooling behavior. The relative difference in quenching performance between petroleum oil derived quenchants and vegetable oils is discussed in detail.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSeparation (Chemistry)
=650  \0$aSustainable engineering.
=650  \0$aOxidation.
=650  \0$aQuenchants.
=650  \0$aVegetable oils.
=650  14$aVegetable oils.
=650  24$aQuenchants.
=650  24$aOxidation.
=650  24$aCooling curve analysis.
=700  1\$aFernandes, Mauro R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAugustinho, Sylvana C.M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$ade Campos Franceschini Canale, Lauralice,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTotten, George E.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102188.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102192
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102192$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102192$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH9446.H9
=082  04$a621.20424$223
=100  1\$aGreaves, Martin R.,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Comparison of the Performance of Environmentally Friendly Anhydrous Fire Resistant Hydraulic Fluids /$cMartin R. Greaves, Jim C. Knoell.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b23
=520  3\$aMany industries benefit from using fire resistant hydraulic fluids including aviation, steel processing, aluminum die-casting, marine, mining, and many more. In recent years, environmental performance has become an increasingly important feature of hydraulic fluids notably in Europe with the introduction of the European Eco-Label and in the United States with the recommendations provided by the 2002 U.S. Farm Bill for procurement of bio-based materials by Federal agencies. Environmental performance favors esters and vegetable oils as the preferred technologies today but polyalkylene glycols (PAGs) offer an alternative option although they are not derived from renewable sources. The performance of several environmentally friendly fire resistant anhydrous hydraulic fluids based on these technologies has been evaluated in laboratory bench tests. All fluids exhibit excellent hydraulic vane pump wear performance. In high temperature oxidation studies, synthetic products based on esters and PAGs, out-perform vegetable oils. Hydrolytic stability results show hydrolysis of synthetic esters and vegetable oils occurs to form acids in contrast to a PAG formulation, which is more stable. Furthermore the unique water solubility and non-sheening aspects of the PAG product indicate it may be a more favorable choice for use in applications where fluid leakage into water-ways is a concern. By understanding the performance of each product technology, direction can be provided in the type of equipment and industries where these fluids can be used and a discussion pertaining to this is presented herein.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFire resistant materials.
=650  \0$aFire testing.
=650  \0$aHydraulic fluids$xTesting.
=650  \0$aSheening.
=650  \0$aVegetable oil.
=650  \0$aTraction.
=650  \0$aVane pump.
=650  \0$aEster.
=650  14$aEster.
=650  24$aVegetable oil.
=650  24$aPAG.
=650  24$aVane pump.
=650  24$aTraction.
=650  24$aSheening.
=700  1\$aKnoell, Jim C.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102192.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102195
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102195$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102195$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN295
=082  04$a622/.6$223
=100  1\$aWong, S.,$eauthor.
=245  13$aAn Investigation of Factors Impacting Nitinol Wire Fatigue Life /$cS. Wong, Z. C. Lin, A. Tahran, J. Boylan, K. Pike, P. Kramer-Brown.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b7
=520  3\$aThe purpose of this study is to identify factors that affect superelastic Nitinol fatigue resistance using a commercially available wire specimen. The study reveals the fatigue resistance of Nitinol wire as functions of surface finish, inclusions, processing, and applied stress applied. Nitinol wires were fatigue tested using the rotating beam fatigue method. The sample strains were verified using a direct strain-measurement method. Wires with outer diameters ranging from 0.127 to 0.343 mm processed with a mechanical and/or electropolished surface finish were compared to one another.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFatigue testing machines.
=650  \0$aMine hoisting$xEquipment and supplies$xTesting.
=650  \0$aWire rope$xFatigue$xTesting.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aNitinol.
=650  \0$aInclusion.
=650  \0$aStress-strain.
=650  14$aFatigue.
=650  24$aNitinol.
=650  24$aStress-strain.
=650  24$aRotating beam fatigue test.
=650  24$aInclusion.
=700  1\$aLin, Z. C.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTahran, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBoylan, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPike, K.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKramer-Brown, P.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102195.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102203
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102203$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102203$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH1065
=082  04$a693.82$223
=100  1\$aBentz, Dale P.,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Materials Science-Based Approach to Characterizing Fire Resistive Materials /$cDale P. Bentz, Christopher C. White, Kuldeep R. Prasad, Daniel R. Flynn, Donald L. Hunston, Kar Tean Tan.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b14
=520  3\$aWhile ASTM E119-07a is commonly employed to establish a fire rating for a fire resistive material (FRM)/steel assembly, the test method provides little quantitative information on either the thermophysical or adhesion properties of the FRM, beyond indicating that they are sufficient to achieve the measured rating. As part of the Building and Fire Research Laboratory (BFRL) Structural Performance Under Multi-hazards program, a materials science-based approach is being applied to develop new methodologies and test methods for characterizing these complex dynamic materials. These quantitative characterizations can then be used as inputs to thermal/mechanical performance models and also for obtaining a better understanding of how these materials perform their intended role and how they could be improved. Thermophysical properties that must be characterized as a function of temperature include density, heat capacity, thermal conductivity, and heats of reactions and phase changes. For example, for high temperature thermal conductivity, a new measurement technique based on the use of a slug calorimeter has been developed and standardized in the ASTM E37 Thermal Measurements committee. In addition to adequate thermophysical properties, adhesion properties are critical to ensure that the FRM continues to protect its substrate during a fire exposure. Research on developing new test methods for both laboratory and field evaluations of adhesion will be presented. Like thermal properties, adhesion has also been observed to be strongly influenced by exposure to elevated temperatures. Finally, capabilities developed at NIST to obtain quantitative descriptions of the three-dimensional microstructures of FRMs and relate them to thermal properties such as thermal conductivity will be demonstrated. Much of this research has been completed as part of the ongoing NIST/industry consortium on “Performance Assessment and Optimization of Fire Resistive Materials.”.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFire resistant materials.
=650  \0$aBuilding materials$xStandards.
=650  \0$aMaterials science.
=650  \0$aModeling.
=650  \0$aAdhesion.
=650  \0$aBuilding technology.
=650  \0$aThermal conductivity.
=650  14$aAdhesion.
=650  24$aBuilding technology.
=650  24$aFire resistive material.
=650  24$aMaterials science.
=650  24$aModeling.
=650  24$aThermal conductivity.
=650  24$aX-ray microtomography.
=700  1\$aWhite, Christopher C.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPrasad, Kuldeep R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFlynn, Daniel R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHunston, Donald L.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTan, Kar Tean,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102203.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102204
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102204$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102204$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aR856.6
=082  04$a610.28/9$223
=100  1\$aTolomeo, Deborah,$eauthor.
=245  10$aActive Surveillance Systems for Early Detection and Improved Recall Decision Making /$cDeborah Tolomeo.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b32
=520  3\$aMedical device recalls have received significant publicity regarding the timeliness and breadth of the response by the manufacturer. It has been suggested that third party oversight and enhanced public disclosure would improve the recall process. This paper discusses the limitations of passive surveillance systems and proposes new active surveillance systems to support early detection and improved recall decision making. This paper also describes additional benefits of obtaining surveillance information to support iterative design changes and product enhancements.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMedical instruments and apparatus$xSafety regulations.
=650  \0$aMedical instruments and apparatus$xStandards.
=650  \0$aMedical Device Recalls.
=650  \0$aEquipment Safety.
=650  \0$aProduct Surveillance, Postmarketing.
=650  \0$aMedical device.
=650  \0$aSurveillance.
=650  \0$aRecall.
=650  \0$aImplants.
=650  14$aRecall.
=650  24$aSurveillance.
=650  24$aMedical device.
=650  24$aImplants.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102204.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102215
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102215$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102215$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP149
=082  04$a363.1/79$223
=100  1\$aVanOmmeren, James,$eauthor.
=245  10$aChlorine Trifluoride Exposure Testing and Oxidizer Reactivity Results /$cJames VanOmmeren.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b7
=520  3\$aChlorine trifluoride (ClF3) was first synthesized in the 1930s and is one of the most oxidizing and reactive halogen fluorides known. In fact, with the exception of elemental fluorine, ClF3 may represent one of the most oxidizing and reactive materials in existence. Active research and commercial use of ClF3 began in the late 1940s, and ClF3 has been utilized in such diverse applications as military weapons usage, rocket fuel oxidant, nuclear fuels processing, oil well rod cutting, mineral analysis, and electronics manufacturing equipment cleaning. Such fluoride compounds present significant toxic, oxidizing, highly reactive, and environmental challenges in their manufacture, delivery, customer use, handling, disposal treatment, and emergency response. Air Products has been the primary manufacturer of ClF3 in North America for about 40 years, and ClF3 represents one of the strongest oxidizing and highest reactivity materials that Air Products handles worldwide. However, little information has been available in public literature or the industry regarding its oxidizing potential and reactivity strength with specific materials it may routinely or accidentally come in contact with. Therefore, Air Products conducted extensive release testing to expose various materials of construction (metals, plastics, and elastomers), building materials, personal protective equipment, and other common materials to both vapor and liquid phase releases of ClF3. This paper discusses the synthesis, hazards, varied uses, and major incidents involving ClF3. For example, one major ClF3 liquid spill accident from the 1960s is discussed where an eyewitness stated, “The concrete was on fire!” The paper details controlled release exposure testing methods Air Products employed, results, and lessons learned regarding improved handling and usage recommendations for ClF3 suppliers and customers. For example, a significant potential hazard was discovered regarding use of a safety shower if a person's clothing was exposed to ClF3 liquid, which caused Air Products to change their Material Safety Data Sheet and Product Safety hazards training.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aChemicals$xSafety measures.
=650  \0$aOrganochlorine compounds.
=650  \0$aChlorine.
=650  \0$aEnvironmental Exposure.
=650  \0$aSolvents$xtoxicity.
=650  \0$aChlorine trifluoride.
=650  \0$aRelease.
=650  \0$aHandling.
=650  \0$aTesting.
=650  \0$aApplications.
=650  \0$aHazards.
=650  \0$aProperties.
=650  14$aChlorine trifluoride.
=650  24$aRelease.
=650  24$aTesting.
=650  24$aApplications.
=650  24$aProperties.
=650  24$aHazards.
=650  24$aHandling.
=650  24$aUsage.
=650  24$aMSDS.
=650  24$aPPE.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102215.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102230
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102230$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102230$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA403
=082  04$a628.9/222$223
=100  1\$aMillion, Joseph F.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPromoted Ignition-Combustion Behavior of Cobalt and Nickel Alloys in Oxygen-Enriched Atmospheres /$cJoseph F. Million, Anand V. Samant, Robert Zawierucha.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b18
=520  3\$aPromoted ignition-combustion behavior has been used to describe a situation in which a substance with low oxygen compatibility ignites and supports the combustion of a more combustion-resistant material. Previous work has been reported on the investigation of this phenomenon as it relates to carbon steel, stainless steels, and a number of significant engineering alloys in the nickel, cobalt, and copper families. Reported in this paper are the results of promoted ignition-combustion tests of three cobalt based alloys in oxygen-enriched atmospheres at pressures ranging from 2.86 to 34.5 MPa. Included in the test program were Stellite 6, a commonly used hard facing alloy and two high strength cobalt alloys—MP35N and Elgiloy. Also reported in this paper are the results of promoted ignition-combustion tests of four nickel based alloys in oxygen-enriched atmospheres at pressures up to 34.5 MPa. Nickel alloys evaluated in the program included Hastelloys B-3 and W, RA 330, and a cast variant of the Hastelloy C type, CW6M. Hastelloy B-3 and CW6M are used in chemical process industry applications where corrosion is of concern. RA 330 is a significant elevated temperature alloy. Hastelloy W is a filler metal used for dissimilar metal welds.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFire testing$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aFlammable materials$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aMaterials$xFlammability$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aMetals$xFlammability$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aHastelloy B-3.
=650  \0$aStellite 6.
=650  \0$aMetals.
=650  \0$aHastelloy W.
=650  \0$aFlammability.
=650  14$aMetals.
=650  24$aFlammability.
=650  24$aPromoted ignition-combustion.
=650  24$aPICT behavior.
=650  24$aStellite 6.
=650  24$aMP35N.
=650  24$aElgiloy.
=650  24$aHastelloy B-3.
=650  24$aHastelloy W.
=650  24$aRA 330.
=650  24$aCW6M.
=700  1\$aSamant, Anand V.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aZawierucha, Robert,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102230.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102233
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102233$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102233$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTJ774
=082  04$a621.43$223
=100  1\$aSchmidt, William P.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSealed Aluminum Cavity Reactions when Submerged in Pure O2 Reboiler Sump /$cWilliam P. Schmidt, Michael Cawthra, Patrick A. Houghton, Ralph H. McDonald, Robert J. Sherwood, Stephen J. Wieder.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b5
=520  3\$aAluminum has a long history of safe service in cryogenic air separation units; however, there have been some rare instances of aluminum/O2 reactions. Aluminum ignition and propagation depends strongly on the oxygen purity, oxygen pressure, aluminum geometry, and type and energy of igniter. Over the years, the industry has experienced a particular type of aluminum/O2 reaction: cavity incidents. These incidents are characterized by the presence of a sealed cavity that is created when welding two metal items together. Such a sealed cavity can lead to aluminum ignition under certain specific conditions: (1) The sealed cavity is submerged in a bath of liquid oxygen. Over a long period of time, liquid cryogen can enter the sealed cavity through slight imperfections in the weld. (2) The sealed cavity is warmed over a short period of time, typically a few hours. (3) The liquid oxygen vaporizes, and the pressure inside the cavity builds to very high levels (potentially over 50 bars). (4) Ignition occurs in the high pressure, high purity oxygen environment, and the resulting aluminum/oxygen reaction burns through the relatively thick cavity walls. (5) The oxygen and reaction products exit the cavity through the hole, lowering the pressure and extinguishing the reaction. This paper discusses two such incidents, which have occurred since 2001. Both incidents took place in brazed aluminum heat exchanger (BAHX) reboiler support beam systems. In both cases, the BAHX reboiler was damaged, leading to a process leak, which required that the plant be repaired. In one case, the damage occurred while warming a plant. In the second case, the damage occurred during normal operation. This second case does not appear to follow the sequence of events outlined above; however, evidence is presented to support the scenario that the cavity incident occurred during a previous warming of the plant. This initial damage then impaired the normal operation of the reboiler, leading to a second hydrocarbon related reaction during normal operation. The paper discusses the potential ignition mechanisms, probable causes of the incidents, and methods to prevent future re-occurrences.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aInternal combustion engines$xCylinder heads.
=650  \0$aInternal combustion engines$xCooling.
=650  \0$aAluminum construction.
=650  \0$aAir separation.
=650  \0$aAluminum combustion.
=650  \0$aReboiler.
=650  \0$aCavity incident.
=650  \0$aCavity.
=650  \0$aSealed cavity.
=650  14$aAluminum combustion.
=650  24$aAir separation.
=650  24$aASU.
=650  24$aBAHX.
=650  24$aBrazed aluminum heat exchanger.
=650  24$aCavity.
=650  24$aCavity incident.
=650  24$aReboiler.
=650  24$aSealed cavity.
=700  1\$aCawthra, Michael,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHoughton, Patrick A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMcDonald, Ralph H.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSherwood, Robert J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWieder, Stephen J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102233.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102234
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102234$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102234$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA439
=082  04$a620.1/16$223
=100  1\$aSant, Gaurav,$eauthor.
=245  10$aUsing X-Ray Absorption to Assess Moisture Movement in Cement-Based Materials /$cGaurav Sant, Jason Weiss.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b43
=520  3\$aThis paper discusses the use of x-ray absorption as a technique for measuring fluid transport in cementitious systems. First, the paper describes how a material’s x-ray attenuation spectrum can be combined with composite modeling concepts to determine the extent of moisture movement (wetting or drying) that can be measured in cementitious systems. Second, the paper discusses the influence of beam power (voltage and current) and camera integration time on the variation in the measured x-ray intensity. Third, the paper discusses two devices for measuring the transmitted x-ray intensity (camera and detector) to describe differences in their measurements and resolution. Finally, a demonstration is provided to show how x-ray absorption can be used to detect moisture ingress and determine the transport properties of the material under evaluation.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aConcrete$xPermeability.
=650  \0$aCement$xPermeability.
=650  \0$aMicrostructure$xMathematical models.
=650  \0$aPorous materials$xPermeability.
=650  \0$aPorous media.
=650  \0$aCement paste.
=650  \0$aSorption.
=650  \0$aX-ray absorption.
=650  \0$aTransport.
=650  \0$aDurability.
=650  14$aX-ray absorption.
=650  24$aPorous media.
=650  24$aTransport.
=650  24$aCement paste.
=650  24$aSorption.
=650  24$aDurability.
=700  1\$aWeiss, Jason,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102234.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102238
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102238$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102238$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aSB951.4
=082  04$a632.954$223
=100  1\$aCostello, Lauren,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffect of Processing Shear Time on EW Formulations /$cLauren Costello.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b7
=520  3\$aConcentrated aqueous emulsions, or EWs, are the dispersion of a water insoluble organic liquid into water. The formulation is achieved through the use of polymeric surfactants, which provide multiple anchoring points and steric stabilization to prevent coalescence. Formation of the EW is mechanically driven, requiring high-shear processing to reduce particle size and attain a stable formulation. In this study, the relationship between processing shear time, particle size, and stability was examined. Samples were prepared using a high hydrophile/lipophile balance (HLB) polymer (butyl block copolymer) paired with a low HLB polymer (nonionic block or random copolymer), varying polymer types and polymer ratios. Shear was applied for 10 min to 40 min. Emulsion dilution stability (ASTM E1116-98), particle size distribution (Malvern Mastersizer), and high temperature stability were used to characterize the samples. It was found that particle size decreased as shear input was increased, reaching an optimum after 25 min to 30 min of shear, depending on the polymer pair used. All samples performed similarly in dilution stability showing improved performance after 10 min of shear. After 1 month at 54°C, all samples showed no separation and demonstrated similar dilution performance, however, D90 values dropped significantly (>20 %) in samples with less than 20 min of shear, whereas samples receiving a minimum of 20 min to 30 min of shear showed decreases in D90 around 10 %. A likely explanation for the decreases in D90 observed after elevated temperature storage is that the addition of heat energy drove the particle surface area toward equilibrium according to the equation ΔA=W/γ, where ΔA is change in surface area, W is work, and γ is interfacial tension.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAgricultural biotechnology.
=650  \0$aCrops$xGenetic engineering.
=650  \0$aHerbicide resistance.
=650  \0$aHerbicide.
=650  \0$aHomogenization.
=650  \0$aHigh shear.
=650  \0$aPolymeric surfactant.
=650  \0$aDilution stability.
=650  14$aHerbicide.
=650  24$aEW.
=650  24$aConcentrated aqueous emulsion.
=650  24$aPolymeric surfactant.
=650  24$aDilution stability.
=650  24$aParticle size distribution.
=650  24$aHigh shear.
=650  24$aHomogenization.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102238.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102240
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102240$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102240$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRB145
=082  04$a616.07/561$223
=100  1\$aRobbins, Katherine E.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aVerification of the ASTM G-124 Purge Equation /$cKatherine E. Robbins, Samuel Eddie Davis, Stephen D. Herald.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references.
=520  3\$aASTM G-124 seeks to evaluate combustion characteristics of metals in high-purity (>99 %) oxygen atmospheres. ASTM G-124 provides the following equation to determine the minimum number of purges required to reach this level of purity in a test chamber: n = −4/log10(Pa/Ph), where n is the total number of purge cycles required, Ph is the absolute pressure used for the purge on each cycle, and Pa is the atmospheric pressure or the vent pressure. The origin of this equation is not known and has been the source of frequent questions as to its accuracy and reliability. This paper provides the derivation of the G-124 purge equation, and experimentally explores the equation to determine if it accurately predicts the number of cycles required.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBlood$xAnalysis.
=650  \0$aHydrogen-ion concentration.
=650  \0$aOxygen$xAnalysis.
=650  \0$aOxygen percentage.
=650  \0$aDalton.
=650  \0$aOxygen concentration.
=650  \0$aPurge equation.
=650  \0$aPartial pressures.
=650  \0$aPurge cycles.
=650  14$aPurge equation.
=650  24$aPromoted combustion chamber.
=650  24$aPurge cycles.
=650  24$aOxygen concentration.
=650  24$aOxygen percentage.
=650  24$aDalton.
=650  24$aPartial pressures.
=650  24$aHigh purity oxygen atmosphere.
=700  1\$aDavis, Samuel Eddie,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHerald, Stephen D.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102240.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102244
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102244$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102244$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD412.F1
=082  04$a547/.02$223
=100  1\$aHerald, Stephen D.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aOxygen Compatibility of Brass-Filled PTFE Compared to Commonly Used Fluorinated Polymers for Oxygen Systems /$cStephen D. Herald, Paul M. Frisby, Samuel Eddie Davis.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b6
=520  3\$aSafe and reliable seal materials for high-pressure oxygen systems sometimes appear to be extinct species when sought out by oxygen systems designers. Materials that seal well are easy to find, but these materials are typically incompatible with oxygen, especially in cryogenic liquid form. This incompatibility can result in seals that leak, or much worse, seals that easily ignite and burn during use. Scientists at the Materials Combustion Research Facility (MCRF), part of NASA/Marshall Space Flight Center, are constantly searching for better materials and processes to improve the safety of oxygen systems. One focus of this effort is improving the characteristics of polymers used in the presence of an oxygen enriched environment. Very few systems can be built which contain no polymeric materials; therefore, materials which have good impact resistance, low heat of combustion, high auto-ignition temperature, and those that maintain good mechanical properties are essential. The scientists and engineers at the MCRF, in cooperation with seal suppliers, are currently testing a new formulation of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) with brass filler. This brass-filled PTFE is showing great promise as a seal and seat material for high-pressure oxygen systems. Early research has demonstrated very encouraging results, which could rank this material as one of the best fluorinated polymers ever tested. This paper will compare the data obtained for brass-filled PTFE with other fluorinated polymers, such as TFE-polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polychlorotrifluoroethylene 81, Viton® A, Viton® A-500, Fluorel®, and Algoflon®. A similar metal-filled fluorinated polymer, Salox-M®, was tested in comparison to brass-filled PTFE to demonstrate the importance of the metal chosen and relative percentage of filler. General conclusions on the oxygen compatibility of this formulation are drawn, with an emphasis on comparing and contrasting the materials performance to the performance of the current state-of-the-art oxygen compatible polymers.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFluorocarbon Polymers.
=650  \0$aHydrocarbons, Fluorinated.
=650  \0$aFluorocarbons.
=650  \0$aFluorinated polymers.
=650  \0$aOxygen systems.
=650  14$aOxygen systems.
=650  24$aPolytetrafluoroethylene.
=650  24$aFluorinated polymers.
=650  24$aMAPTIS.
=700  1\$aFrisby, Paul M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDavis, Samuel Eddie,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102244.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102251
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102251$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102251$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQE570
=082  04$a551.3/02$223
=100  1\$aTakarli, Mokhfi,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAdaptation of the Micro-Deval Test for Assessing the Surface Weathering Degree of Granite /$cMokhfi Takarli, Annabelle Phelipot-Mardele, William Prince.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b18
=520  3\$aThe paper summarizes recent results obtained from a new wear test performed on fresh and artificially aged rocks. Four different types of granitic rocks with different mineral compositions and grain sizes were selected for this study. Some important physical and mechanical properties of the rock specimens were also determined. Measurements performed on fresh specimens showed that the wear coefficient is affected by the mineralogical composition, especially the predominant mineral which constitutes the rock. It was determined that wear resistance increased with increasing quartz content. The results also show that there is a positive correlation between the micro-fragmentation rate, during the wear test, and the average grain sizes. Two specimens of the tested granites were subjected to an artificial hydro-physical ageing test. Based on the results of the experiment, it was concluded that the wear testing method is a good indicator of the weathering degree. It was shown that the imposed weathering process decreases the abrasion resistance of the rock and increases its micro-fragmentation ability.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBodenkunde.
=650  \0$aGranite.
=650  \0$aWeathering.
=650  \0$aAbrasion.
=650  \0$aMicro-fragmentation.
=650  \0$aWear test.
=650  14$aGranite.
=650  24$aWear test.
=650  24$aAbrasion.
=650  24$aMicro-fragmentation.
=650  24$aWeathering.
=700  1\$aPhelipot-Mardele, Annabelle,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPrince, William,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102251.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102252
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102252$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102252$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH7335
=082  04$a693.832$223
=100  1\$aColson, Alain,$eauthor.
=245  10$aVacuum Superinsulated Liquid Oxygen Piping and Vessels /$cAlain Colson, Etienne Werlen, Hervé Barthélémy.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b6
=520  3\$aVacuum superinsulation is commonly used in industrial applications for liquid oxygen transfer piping and liquid oxygen vessels as an alternative to other solid insulation materials such as perlite or Foamglass®, which have lower thermal performances. Tests have been conducted on insulation materials according to ASTM D2512 (equivalent to ISO 11114–3, EN 1797) in LOX as well as according to ASTM G72 (equivalent to EN 1797) in GOX. The superinsulation materials that have been tested are a number of layers of aluminum foils of various thicknesses each being separated by intermediate nonmetallic layers of various nature. Based on experience and incidents in the industry, this paper is intended to discuss the recent test results in pure oxygen and the possible ignition of superinsulation material in the interspace and mechanism of propagation as well as the consequences of a fire. Recommendations regarding material selection for vacuum superinsulation materials in LOX applications are also provided.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHeating$xEquipment and supplies.
=650  \0$aInsulation (Heat)
=650  \0$aBuildings$xEnergy conservation.
=650  \0$aMaterial$xthermal properties.
=650  \0$aCryogenic.
=650  \0$aNonorganic.
=650  \0$aOrganic.
=650  \0$aInterspace.
=650  \0$aManufacturing.
=650  \0$aAluminum foil.
=650  \0$aInsulation material.
=650  \0$aVessel.
=650  \0$aVacuum.
=650  \0$aContamination.
=650  \0$aLiquid oxygen.
=650  \0$aSuperinsulation.
=650  \0$aGetter.
=650  \0$aGlass fiber.
=650  \0$aPolyester.
=650  \0$aThermal barrier.
=650  \0$aIntermediate layers.
=650  \0$aAdsorbent.
=650  \0$aImpact test.
=650  \0$aImpact.
=650  \0$aBellow.
=650  \0$aCompatibility.
=650  14$aInsulation material.
=650  24$aSuperinsulation.
=650  24$aOrganic.
=650  24$aNonorganic.
=650  24$aGlass fiber.
=650  24$aIntermediate layers.
=650  24$aAluminum foil.
=650  24$aPolyester.
=650  24$aInterspace.
=650  24$aCompatibility.
=650  24$aVacuum.
=650  24$aAdsorbent.
=650  24$aGetter.
=650  24$aImpact.
=650  24$aCryogenic.
=650  24$aVessel.
=650  24$aManufacturing.
=650  24$aWorkshop.
=650  24$aContamination.
=650  24$aBellow.
=650  24$aThermal barrier.
=650  24$aLiquid oxygen.
=650  24$aImpact test.
=700  1\$aWerlen, Etienne,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBarthélémy, Hervé,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102252.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102253
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102253$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102253$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH9446.I47
=082  04$a620.1$223
=100  1\$aLynn, David,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDefining the Flammability of Cylindrical Metal Rods Through Characterization of the Thermal Effects of the Ignition Promoter /$cDavid Lynn, Ted Steinberg, Kyle Sparks, Joel M. Stoltzfus.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b25
=520  3\$aAll relevant international standards for determining if a metallic rod is flammable in oxygen utilize some form of “promoted ignition” test. In this test, for a given pressure, an overwhelming ignition source is coupled to the end of the test sample and the designation flammable or nonflammable is based upon the amount burned, that is, a burn criteria. It is documented that (1) the initial temperature of the test sample affects the burning of the test sample both (a) in regards to the pressure at which the sample will support burning (threshold pressure) and (b) the rate at which the sample is melted (regression rate of the melting interface); and, (2) the igniter used affects the test sample by heating it adjacent to the igniter as ignition occurs. Together, these facts make it necessary to ensure, if a metallic material is to be considered flammable at the conditions tested, that the burn criteria will exclude any region of the test sample that may have undergone preheating during the ignition process. A two-dimensional theoretical model was developed to describe the transient heat transfer occurring and resultant temperatures produced within this system. Several metals (copper, aluminum, iron, and stainless steel) and ignition promoters (magnesium, aluminum, and Pyrofuze®) were evaluated for a range of oxygen pressures between 0.69 MPa (100 psia) and 34.5 MPa (5,000 psia). A MATLAB® program was utilized to solve the developed model that was validated against (1) a published solution for a similar system and (2) against experimental data obtained during actual tests at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration White Sands Test Facility. The validated model successfully predicts temperatures within the test samples with agreement between model and experiment increasing as test pressure increases and/or distance from the promoter increases. Oxygen pressure and test sample thermal diffusivity were shown to have the largest effect on the results. In all cases evaluated, there is no significant preheating (above about 38°C/100°F) occurring at distances greater than 30 mm (1.18 in.) during the time the ignition source is attached to the test sample. This validates a distance of 30 mm (1.18 in.) above the ignition promoter as a burn length upon which a definition of flammable can be based for inclusion in relevant international standards (that is, burning past this length will always be independent of the ignition event for the ignition promoters considered here)
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFire testing$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aFlammable materials$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aMetals$xFlammability$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aOxygen$xSafety measures$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aOxygen index of materials$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aBurn criteria.
=650  \0$aHeat affected zone.
=650  \0$aBurn length.
=650  \0$aHeat conduction.
=650  \0$aMetal combustion.
=650  \0$aPromoted combustion.
=650  \0$aPromoted ignition.
=650  \0$aThin fin.
=650  \0$aIgniter effects.
=650  \0$aFlammability.
=650  14$aPromoted ignition.
=650  24$aMetal combustion.
=650  24$aHeat conduction.
=650  24$aThin fin.
=650  24$aPromoted combustion.
=650  24$aBurn length.
=650  24$aBurn criteria.
=650  24$aFlammability.
=650  24$aIgniter effects.
=650  24$aHeat affected zone.
=700  1\$aSteinberg, Ted,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSparks, Kyle,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aStoltzfus, Joel M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102253.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102257
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102257$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102257$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH1715
=082  04$a693/.83$223
=100  1\$aSorathia, Usman,$eauthor.
=245  10$aN-Class Fire Resistant Divisions in U.S. Naval Ships /$cUsman Sorathia.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aThe U.S. Navy has now developed an N-Class division system to classify fire resistant boundaries in accordance with MIL-STD-3020, fire resistance on U.S. naval surface ships. The N-Class division is analogous to the commercial International Maritime Organization (IMO) system (e.g., A-Class) division. The key difference is that N-Class divisions are designed to have satisfactory fire resistance when exposed to hydrocarbon pool fire (UL 1709 fire exposure) following a shock event. In addition, N-Class is applicable to fire resistant divisions constructed from polymer composites structures when they meet the requirements of DDS-078-1. MIL-STD-3020 requires a hydrocarbon pool fire exposure (UL-1709 fire exposure) which provides a minimum average total heat flux of 188 kW per square meter (kW/m2) (60,000 British thermal unit per square foot/hour (Btu/ft2∣h)) within the first 5 min of the test exposure. At all times after 5 min, the average temperature within the furnace shall be maintained at a minimum of 1038 °C (1900 °F) and a maximum of 1149 °C (2100 °F) for the duration of the test. These fire conditions simulate a post-flashover fire scenario for shipboard applications. Performance is defined as the time period during which assemblies will continue to perform their intended function when subjected to fire exposure. The minimum duration of fire exposure is 30 min. Shock testing prior to fire resistance test is performed to ensure that fire resistance of divisions, with fire insulation, penetrations, and associated attachment methods, is not degraded in a combat environment. Shock test specimen size of 1219 by 3048 mm (4 by 10 ft) was selected to reduce the cost of shipping a full size fire test specimen of 3048 by 3048 mm (10 by 10 ft) or greater to the fire test laboratory. A full scale fire resistance test is still required for qualification purposes after successful completion of the shock test prior to fire resistance test. MIL-STD-3020 also permits AN-Class fire resistant divisions when fire threat is from common combustibles (Class A) and where liquid flammable (Class B) fire threat is non-existent. AN-Class divisions are those divisions formed by bulkheads and decks that are designed to protect against structural failure and prevent the passage of flame or hot gases when exposed to IMO Resolution A.754(18) fire exposure after shock testing. For all AN-Class divisions, including those with penetrations, the fire test duration is a minimum of 60 min. This paper will discuss fire resistance test results conducted using steel, aluminum, and composite substrates.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aWaterproofing$vAmateurs' manuals.
=650  \0$aBuildings$xAirtightness.
=650  \0$aDwellings$xInsulation.
=650  \0$aWaterproofing.
=650  \0$aFire resistance.
=650  \0$aHydrocarbon pool fire.
=650  \0$aFire insulation.
=650  \0$aN-class division.
=650  14$aN-class division.
=650  24$aHydrocarbon pool fire.
=650  24$aFire resistance.
=650  24$aFire insulation.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102257.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102258
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102258$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102258$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTX335
=082  04$a016.64073$223
=100  1\$aHirschler, Marcelo M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aHeat Release Testing of Consumer Products /$cMarcelo M. Hirschler.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (25 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b69
=520  3\$aMany consumer products exhibit very poor fire performance (based on general principles of fire hazard), particularly when fire safety requirements for such products do not exist. They include television sets, upholstered furniture, mattresses, personal automobiles, garbage cans, and playground structures for children. This work indicates that the best way to ensure a consumer product exhibits fire performance associated with appropriately low fire hazard is to conduct full-scale heat release tests where all the interactions between the various components can be brought out. The most critical property to be measured is the heat release in those tests. However, full-scale heat release tests are unlikely to be regulatory in nature for most products. In that case, small heat release tests, such as the cone calorimeter, can be used to provide the proper predictability. The aircraft industry has long been using data from another small-scale heat release test (the Ohio State University calorimeter) for regulation, with great success. In this article, several series of full scale heat release tests will be presented. Such tests were conducted on: (a) mattresses (both residential and institutional), (b) residential upholstered furniture, (c) wall coverings, (d) typical plastic garbage cans, (e) Christmas trees, and (e) a children’s playground structure. In the article there will also be a discussion of some small-scale heat release tests. All the full-scale heat release fire tests on mattresses, upholstered furniture, wall coverings, and playground structure were conducted indoors, usually in standard rooms (such as the ASTM room), and heat release (by oxygen consumption calorimetry) as well as smoke release was measured, while also making various other measurements and visual observations. The garbage can test was conducted in the same standard room, but only heat release was measured. The small-scale tests were conducted using standard fire test equipment such as the cone calorimeter. Tests conducted by NIST on mattresses, a passenger minivan and a garbage can were conducted indoors under a hood. The other full scale tests on passenger road vehicles were conducted outdoors. The results indicate that regulations permit the use of some consumer products in present use even though they are unsafe and that improved fire safety alternatives exist. Recommendations are presented. Reference is also made to predictive work.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCommercial products$xTesting$xPeriodicals.
=650  \0$aConsumer education$xPeriodicals.
=650  \0$aFire hazard.
=650  \0$aFire.
=650  \0$aHeat release.
=650  \0$aTesting.
=650  \0$aOxygen consumption.
=650  \0$aConsumer products.
=650  \0$aFire test.
=650  14$aConsumer products.
=650  24$aFire.
=650  24$aFire hazard.
=650  24$aFire test.
=650  24$aHeat release.
=650  24$aOxygen consumption.
=650  24$aTesting.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102258.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102259
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102259$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102259$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH9119
=082  04$a363.37$223
=100  1\$aParker, Arthur J.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFire Performance Testing of Building Element Interfaces and Connections /$cArthur J. Parker, Nestor R. Iwankiw.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b10
=520  3\$aThe minimum fire-resistance ratings for vertical and horizontal assemblies and structural members are provided in the prescriptive requirements of the building codes. National and international test methods have been developed to provide a standardized means for evaluating the performance of these building elements. Building elements such as horizontal assemblies (floors), vertical assemblies (walls), and structural members (beams and columns) are generally tested as discrete elements. In an actual building, the walls intersect with the floors and beams and girders are connected to columns. In light of recent high-profile fire events, the fire community has been questioning if these connections and interfaces are being properly tested and evaluated. In an actual building, these building elements are interconnected, and their performance is affected by all elements that comprise the building structure during a real fire event. This paper will review common structural building interface and connection construction features, how they are currently being evaluated, and how their large-scale fire performance evaluations can be conducted. The results of the testing of a simulated wall/floor assembly interface assembly will be presented to highlight one potential means for testing these features along with the limitations mainly due to the available test equipment.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSteel, Structural$xFires and fire prevention.
=650  \0$aBuilding, Fireproof.
=650  \0$aSteel.
=650  \0$aFire safety.
=650  \0$aBuilding construction.
=650  \0$aFire resistance.
=650  \0$aFire-performance.
=650  \0$aFire-resistance.
=650  \0$aFire testing.
=650  \0$aStructural steel.
=650  \0$aBuilding codes.
=650  \0$aConnections.
=650  14$aFire-resistance.
=650  24$aStructural steel.
=650  24$aBuilding codes.
=650  24$aFire testing.
=650  24$aConnections.
=650  24$aInterfaces building construction.
=650  24$aFire-performance.
=700  1\$aIwankiw, Nestor R.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102259.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102260
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102260$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102260$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRM315
=082  04$a615/.78$223
=100  1\$aBehling, Alison R.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDose Reconstruction :$bThe Use of Dose Reconstruction in the Determination of Human Exposure /$cAlison R. Behling, Kim E. Anderson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b35
=520  3\$aDose reconstruction is a scientifically acceptable means to perform a retrograde or retrospective analysis of the preceding dose or for numerous exposures of an individual. It is used in a wide range of scientific applications, especially when contemporaneous or near contemporaneous exposure measurements from the time of interest or consideration are undefined. Dose reconstruction is used to attempt to consider numerous individual exposures. It accommodates for fluctuations in the intensity of the exposures and totaling the exposures into an estimated dose over a definitive time period or duration. This paper reviews a method to perform dose reconstruction when limited information is provided concerning the relevant exposure parameters. This methodology is not intended to replace the use of other dose reconstruction models that are available when definitive exposure parameter values are available. We show through the scientific literature and several examples using maximal or near maximal parameter values in calculating the dose that “dose reconstruction” is a valid method to determine retrospective exposure assessments. These retrospective exposure assessments may be used for the purposes of determining the maximal risk or a safety assessment, risk comparison, or toxicological relatedness or risk. The application of such a methodology is at times challenging in the authors’ work due to the limitations in the facts that are provided to them which describe the exposure parameters of an individual. These methods to perform the dose reconstructions are based on sound scientific foundation and are extremely versatile models which can be used in a variety of situations.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPsychopharmacology.
=650  \0$aHuman locomotion.
=650  \0$aAutomobile driving.
=650  \0$aPsychomotor Performance$xdrug effects.
=650  \0$aDose-Response Relationship, Drug.
=650  \0$aDose reconstruction.
=650  \0$aRetrograde analysis.
=650  14$aDose reconstruction.
=650  24$aRetrograde analysis.
=650  24$aRetrospective analysis.
=700  1\$aAnderson, Kim E.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102260.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102262
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102262$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102262$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aPZ4.B4572
=082  04$a813/.5/4$223
=100  1\$aBinder, Chr.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aIgnition Sensitivity of Nonmetallic Materials in Oxygen-Enriched Air (NITROX) :$bA Never Ending Story in SCUBA Diving? /$cChr. Binder, T. Brock, O. Hesse, S. Lehné, T. Tillack.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b8
=520  3\$aSelf-contained underwater breathing apparatus (SCUBA) divers use different mixtures of nitrogen and oxygen as breathing gas. The so-called NITROX mixture often contains more oxygen than is contained in air and may increase the fire hazard in diving equipment. The SCUBA diving community, however, still differentiates between NITROX mixtures that contain more than 40 % oxygen or less. They consider a mixture with up to 40 % oxygen often as regular air. In filling operations of SCUBA cylinders, gas flows from high pressure to low pressure. Because of compressive heating, a sudden temperature rise in the gas occurs and nonmetallic materials, e.g., seals may ignite. BAM has used the pneumatic impact test to investigate the ignition sensitivity of ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM), fluorelastomer (FPM), polytetrafluorethylene (PTFE), polyetheretherketone (PEEK), and nylon (PA 6.6) to gaseous impacts in synthetic air, in various NITROX mixtures, and in pure oxygen. The test results clearly show that for nonmetallic materials, the maximum pressure of nonreaction in NITROX mixtures decreases at a content of 29 % oxygen in comparison to those in air. In addition, autoignition temperatures of the nonmetallic materials were also determined. The findings of this investigation support very well the results of other publications on oxygen enrichment. As a consequence of this study, in SCUBA diving, the same safety requirements for NITROX mixtures with more than 21 % oxygen should be applied as for pure oxygen in the industry.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aScuba diving.
=650  \0$aShipwrecks.
=650  \0$aTreasure troves.
=650  \0$aFire hazard.
=650  \0$aFilling process.
=650  \0$aNonmetallic materials.
=650  \0$aOxygen mixtures.
=650  \0$aOxygen enrichment.
=650  \0$aPneumatic impact.
=650  \0$aFlammability.
=650  14$aNITROX.
=650  24$aSCUBA diving.
=650  24$aFilling process.
=650  24$aPneumatic impact.
=650  24$aAutoignition temperature.
=650  24$aFlammability.
=650  24$aNonmetallic materials.
=650  24$aOxygen mixtures.
=650  24$aFire hazard.
=650  24$aOxygen enrichment.
=700  1\$aBrock, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHesse, O.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLehné, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTillack, T.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102262.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102264
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102264$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102264$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD181.O1
=082  04$a546/.721$223
=100  1\$aWerlen, Etienne,$eauthor.
=245  10$aIgnition of Contaminated Aluminum by Impact in Liquid Oxygen—Influence of Oxygen Purity /$cEtienne Werlen, Frédéric Crayssac, Olivier Longuet, Fabien Willot.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aImpact tests in liquid oxygen and oxygen enriched liquids have been conducted on aluminum foils (0.2 mm thick) used for heat exchangers of air separation units (ASUs). Some adaptations to the ASTM Standard D2512, “Standard Test Method for Compatibility of Materials with Liquid Oxygen,” have been done to ensure the good control of oxygen content in the cryogenic liquid and to get reproducible results in aluminum ignition with hydrocarbon coating. Modified striker pins with a cavity on the contact surface have been used. The vertical guiding and the centering of the striker pins have been ensured by using two machined guides. Test samples were three layers of aluminum foil, two corrugated and one flat, contaminated by various quantities of hexadecane. The criteria for the identification of aluminum ignition (positive tests) have been validated by performing Scanning electron microscope surface analysis on residuals of a few impact tests performed in copper cups. Criteria have also been defined to check that hexadecane combustion took place in negative tests. A sufficient number of tests have been performed to plot the probability of ignition of the aluminum samples as a function of the average thickness of hexadecane coating and as a function of the oxygen content in the cryogenic liquid varying from 50 % to above 99.95 %. The remaining part in the cryogenic liquid was nitrogen and 2.3 % argon except for one series of tests where the influence of the absence of argon could be identified. The results of these tests can be used to assess the risk of ignition of some aluminum exchangers or structures used in ASU.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aChalcogens.
=650  \0$aCryogenic.
=650  \0$aLiquid.
=650  \0$aHexadecane.
=650  \0$aFoil.
=650  \0$aAluminum.
=650  \0$aArgon.
=650  \0$aHydrocarbon.
=650  \0$aIgnition.
=650  \0$aNitrogen.
=650  \0$aOxygen.
=650  \0$aCopper.
=650  \0$aExchanger.
=650  \0$aReboiler.
=650  \0$aThickness.
=650  \0$aAir separation unit.
=650  \0$aImpact.
=650  \0$aFlammability.
=650  \0$aPurity.
=650  14$aOxygen.
=650  24$aArgon.
=650  24$aNitrogen.
=650  24$aCryogenic.
=650  24$aLiquid.
=650  24$aPurity.
=650  24$aIgnition.
=650  24$aFlammability.
=650  24$aHydrocarbon.
=650  24$aHexadecane.
=650  24$aThickness.
=650  24$aAluminum.
=650  24$aCopper.
=650  24$aFoil.
=650  24$aLayer.
=650  24$aImpact.
=650  24$aAir separation unit.
=650  24$aExchanger.
=650  24$aReboiler.
=700  1\$aCrayssac, Frédéric,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLonguet, Olivier,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWillot, Fabien,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102264.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102265
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102265$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102265$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH9503
=082  04$a363.377/0973$223
=100  1\$aLawson, James Randall,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA History of Fire Testing :$bPast, Present, and Future /$cJames Randall Lawson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (19 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b80
=520  3\$aThis paper discusses the breakthroughs in science and engineering that have brought fire testing technology to its current state of maturity and provides insight into the possibilities for future fire test development by highlighting some areas where advancements are needed. The quest for understanding the properties of fire has been a part of the human experience since the first primitive human viewed the glow of a flame potentially 2.5 million years ago, during the Paleolithic Period. Since these early observations, humankind slowly developed the knowledge to use and understand fire. However, the initial revolution in fire testing did not begin until recently, in the 19th century, when the basic tools were developed that allowed for remote measurement of temperatures and heat flow. Discoveries such as the “thermoelectric effect” and the development of the First Law of Thermodynamics led to the creation of tools for calorimetry providing for the measurement of temperatures and heat flux. The second revolution in measuring and understanding fire occurred in the early 20th century with worldwide recognition that scientifically based fire standards were needed to protect life and property. At the same time, engineering innovation developed electromechanical equipment that could automatically record data measured from fire experiments. This advancement in data recording allowed for the detailed study of measured fire behavior. The third revolution in fire testing (measurement technology) occurred in the last half of the 20th century with the development of affordable digital data logging equipment and computers that enhanced data analysis and the development of scientifically based predictive models. Widespread use of technology and computational methods have opened the theoretical world which provides insight into the subtle features of fire dynamics and provides a means for developing a greater understanding of fire test method performance. Fire measurement technology now has the scientific and computational tools to make significant advancements in the development of fire safety standards. Use of these tools has directed attention to improvements needed in testing for structural fire endurance to enhance fire resistant structural designs. This would include, but not be limited to, advancements in testing of structural components, assemblies, and systems under realistic simulations of fire and load conditions. The objective for these new tests would be to enhance structural performance so that uncontrolled building fires result in burnout without partial or total collapse. Additionally, these fire measurement technologies would also lead to improvements in ignition resistant materials, surface flammability, fire growth, smoke, and toxic gas production that will save lives and reduce the high cost of unwanted fires.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFire prevention$xResearch$zUnited States.
=650  \0$aFire prevention$xGovernment policy.
=650  \0$aFire prevention$xResearch.
=650  \0$aFire science.
=650  \0$aFire.
=650  \0$aScience.
=650  \0$aEngineering.
=650  \0$aFire tests.
=650  \0$aMeasurement.
=650  \0$aHistory.
=650  14$aEngineering.
=650  24$aFire.
=650  24$aFire science.
=650  24$aFire tests.
=650  24$aHistory.
=650  24$aMeasurement.
=650  24$aScience.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102265.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102269
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102269$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102269$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTS230
=082  04$a672.2$223
=100  1\$aWard, Nicholas R.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Rate-Limiting Mechanism for the Heterogeneous Burning of Cylindrical Iron Rods /$cNicholas R. Ward, Theodore A. Steinberg.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b32
=520  3\$aThis paper presents the findings of an investigation into the rate-limiting mechanism for the heterogeneous burning in oxygen under normal gravity and microgravity of cylindrical iron rods. The original objective of the work was to determine why the observed melting rate for the burning of 3.2-mm-diameter iron rods is significantly higher in microgravity than in normal gravity. This work, however, also provided fundamental insight into the rate-limiting mechanism for heterogeneous burning. The paper includes a summary of normal-gravity and microgravity experimental results, heat transfer analysis, and post-test microanalysis of quenched samples. These results are then used to show that heat transfer across the solid/liquid interface is the rate-limiting mechanism for melting and burning, limited by the interfacial surface area between the molten drop and solid rod. In normal gravity, the work improves the understanding of trends reported during standard flammability testing for metallic materials, such as variations in melting rates between test specimens with the same cross-sectional area but different cross-sectional shape. The work also provides insight into the effects of configuration and orientation, leading to an improved application of standard test results in the design of oxygen system components. For microgravity applications, the work enables the development of improved methods for lower cost metallic material flammability testing programs. In these ways, the work provides fundamental insight into the heterogeneous burning process and contributes to improved fire safety for oxygen systems in applications involving both normal-gravity and microgravity environments.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aIron founding.
=650  \0$aIron$xMicrostructure.
=650  \0$aMaterials Science.
=650  \0$aMetallic Materials.
=650  \0$aBurning.
=650  \0$aMelting.
=650  \0$aIron.
=650  \0$aHeat transfer.
=650  \0$aMicrogravity.
=650  14$aIron.
=650  24$aBurning.
=650  24$aMelting.
=650  24$aHeat transfer.
=650  24$aSolid/liquid interface.
=650  24$aMicrogravity.
=650  24$aRate-limiting mechanism.
=700  1\$aSteinberg, Theodore A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102269.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102270
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102270$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102270$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC320
=082  04$a621.402/2$223
=100  1\$aWard, Nicholas R.,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Proposed Qualitative Framework for Heterogeneous Burning of Metallic Materials :$bThe “Melting Rate Triangle” /$cNicholas R. Ward, Theodore A. Steinberg.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b21
=520  3\$aThis paper presents a proposed qualitative framework to discuss the heterogeneous burning of metallic materials, through parameters and factors that influence the melting rate of the solid metallic fuel (either in a standard test or in service). During burning, the melting rate is related to the burning rate and is therefore an important parameter for describing and understanding the burning process, especially since the melting rate is commonly recorded during standard flammability testing for metallic materials and is incorporated into many relative flammability ranking schemes. However, while the factors that influence melting rate (such as oxygen pressure or specimen diameter) have been well characterized, there is a need for an improved understanding of how these parameters interact as part of the overall melting and burning of the system. Proposed here is the “melting rate triangle,” which aims to provide this focus through a conceptual framework for understanding how the melting rate (of solid fuel) is determined and regulated during heterogeneous burning. In this paper, the proposed conceptual model is shown to be both (a) consistent with known trends and previously observed results, and (b) capable of being expanded to incorporate new data. Also shown are examples of how the melting rate triangle can improve the interpretation of flammability test results. Slusser and Miller previously published an “extended fire triangle” as a useful conceptual model of ignition and the factors affecting ignition, providing industry with a framework for discussion. In this paper it is shown that a melting rate triangle provides a similar qualitative framework for burning, leading to an improved understanding of the factors affecting fire propagation and extinguishment.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHeat$xTransmission.
=650  \0$aFREEZING.
=650  \0$aHeterogeneous burning.
=650  \0$aMelting.
=650  \0$aHeat transfer.
=650  14$aHeterogeneous burning.
=650  24$aMelting.
=650  24$aHeat transfer.
=650  24$aRate-limiting mechanism.
=650  24$aModel.
=700  1\$aSteinberg, Theodore A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102270.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102273
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102273$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102273$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD501
=082  04$a547.1/36$223
=100  1\$aHermesky, Michael,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCone Calorimeter—A Cautionary Tale /$cMichael Hermesky, Janet Murrell.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b15
=520  3\$aTaking the fire regulations, test methods, and criteria used in one country and adopting them in another without looking at potential effects may have serious consequences. The basis of the reaction to fire classification of products for the Taiwanese market is to be amended. The system to be adopted currently forms the basis for the reaction to fire requirements in Japan, a country which is market protective and which is not reliant on imported building products. Taiwan is almost a mirror image of this. It has little or no building product industry of its own and is therefore totally reliant on imported goods. To make matters more difficult, it conducts port-side testing to ensure regulatory compliance. The results from the cone calorimeter test will be required to be less than 8 MJ for the measured total heat release. At these low levels of heat release, the stability of the classification system may be difficult to ensure as a consequence of the “uncertainty of measurement” associated with the “standard” cone calorimeter test. This would cause a lack of reliability in the classification and could significantly reduce the number and type of products reliably achieving each class, therefore greatly limiting the choice of product on the Taiwanese market. This study looks at the stability of the 8 MJ criteria and the adoption of a test standard intended for use in another market. It considers the consequences of increasing this criteria to a value where the uncertainty of the measurement is improved, without having a detrimental effect on fire safety.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aThermodynamics.
=650  \0$aBomb calorimeter.
=650  \0$aOrganic compounds.
=650  \0$aTaiwan.
=650  \0$aCone calorimeter.
=650  \0$aBuilding regulations.
=650  14$aCone calorimeter.
=650  24$aTaiwan.
=650  24$aBuilding regulations.
=650  24$aUncertainty of measurement.
=700  1\$aMurrell, Janet,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102273.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102275
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102275$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102275$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQH545.F5
=082  04$a574.5/264$223
=100  1\$aKodur, V. K. R.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aGuidelines for Improving the Standard Fire Resistance Test Specifications /$cV. K. R. Kodur, R. Fike.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b21
=520  3\$aThe current approach of evaluating fire resistance is mainly through standard fire tests. The specifications for standard fire tests have a number of drawbacks and require only a limited amount of data to be collected during tests, and this is hindering the development of calculation methodologies for evaluating fire resistance. This paper discusses the various drawbacks in the current specifications for undertaking fire resistance tests. The improvements needed to make the standard fire resistance tests more effective and the collected test data more useful are outlined. Strategies for implementing the proposed recommendations (improvements) in test standards are illustrated with examples. Finally, the applicability of the proposed recommendations is illustrated by undertaking fire resistance tests on a midsized column and a midsized beam under improved test specifications. Data collected from these fire resistance tests is used to calibrate finite element based computer models, thus demonstrating the effectiveness of collecting additional test data.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFire ecology.
=650  \0$aFire resistance.
=650  \0$aStandard fire test.
=650  14$aTesting specifications.
=650  24$aASTM E-119.
=650  24$aStandard fire test.
=650  24$aNumerical model calibration.
=650  24$aStructural fire performance.
=650  24$aFire resistance.
=700  1\$aFike, R.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102275.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102280
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102280$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102280$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH1065
=082  04$a693.82$223
=100  1\$aKeltner, Ned R.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aUsing Directional Flame Thermometers for Measuring Thermal Exposure /$cNed R. Keltner, James V. Beck, James T. Nakos.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b26
=520  3\$aOne of the recommendations that came from the NIST investigation of the World Trade Center disaster was the need for quantitative heat flux measurements in larger scale fire safety tests. These heat flux data are needed to support the development of engineering models to predict the performance of fire protection materials and systems. Current standardized fire resistance tests such as ASTM E119 or ISO 834 or IMO A754 are all qualitative tests. The furnace temperature is controlled to a standard time-temperature curve. Implicit assumptions are made that (1) the thermal exposure can be described solely by the measured furnace temperature history and (2) that exposure will be repeatable. Historical variations of 50 % or more in the qualitative fire protection ratings, such as a 1 h fire barrier, between different furnaces or laboratories indicate that these two assumptions are not well founded. This paper describes the use of a proven type of sensor called a directional flame thermometer (DFT) for making quantitative heat flux measurements in fire resistance tests. DFTs have been used for over 20 years to characterize the thermal environment in both large pool fires and in furnaces, to monitor flashover in structure fires, and in many other fire environments. DFTs are passive thermocouple-based sensors. They do not require calibration. Instead, the designs and materials with known thermal properties are fixed to provide a repeatable response. Using inverse heat conduction analysis techniques, heat fluxes are calculated using a heat conduction model of the DFT with temperature-dependent thermal properties and two or more thermocouple temperature measurements in a DFT. A fully nonlinear inverse heat conduction code is used for detailed post-test data analysis. A new data analysis tool for DFTs, called an inverse heat conduction-digital filter functions (IHC-DFF) has been developed for specific DFT designs to provide heat flux measurements in real-time, much like a calibration curve. IHC-DFFs are convolution-type digital filters that are used to provide real-time heat flux readouts during a test or for a quick-look capability for large sets of data. Simpler models are also used for analyzing early (<5–10 min) and late-time DFT data (>15 min). The current work demonstrates that DFT measurements can provide the quantitative data needed to support the development of performance models and improve our understanding of the thermal exposure in fire resistance tests.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBuilding materials.
=650  \0$aFire testing.
=650  \0$aBuilding science.
=650  \0$aSafety engineering.
=650  \0$aFire resistance.
=650  \0$aTemperature.
=650  \0$aThermal exposure.
=650  \0$aFire safety tests.
=650  \0$aHeat flux.
=650  \0$aUncertainty.
=650  14$aFire resistance.
=650  24$aHeat flux.
=650  24$aTemperature.
=650  24$aThermal exposure.
=650  24$aFire safety tests.
=650  24$aUncertainty.
=700  1\$aBeck, James V.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNakos, James T.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102280.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102284
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102284$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102284$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK7895.E42
=082  04$a621.3815$223
=100  1\$aSparks, Kyle,$eauthor.
=245  10$aElectrical Arc Ignition Testing for Common Handheld Electrical Devices in Oxygen-Enriched Atmosphere /$cKyle Sparks, Timothy Gallus, Sarah Smith.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (5 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b8
=520  3\$aElectrical arc ignition is a concern for materials used in low pressure oxygen-enriched environments such as inside spacecraft. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Johnson Space Center requested that the NASA White Sands Test Facility conduct arc ignition tests to evaluate the hazard of electrical arc ignition of materials that could be in close proximity to batteries for the Constellation Program. Wire-break electrical arc tests were performed to determine the current threshold for ignition of generic cotton with a fixed voltage of 3.7 V, a common voltage for handheld electrical devices. These tests were performed in 34 % oxygen at varying pressures.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aComputer science.
=650  \0$aElectrical engineering.
=650  \0$aOxygen.
=650  14$aOxygen.
=650  24$aElectrical arc ignition.
=650  24$aFlammability materials testing.
=650  24$aHandheld electrical devices.
=700  1\$aGallus, Timothy,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSmith, Sarah,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102284.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102285
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102285$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102285$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH9180
=082  04$a363.37/65$223
=100  1\$aSmith, Sarah,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffect of Oxygen Concentration on Autogenous Ignition Temperature and Pneumatic Impact Ignitability of Nonmetallic Materials /$cSarah Smith.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (5 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b5
=520  3\$aExtensive test data exist on the ignitability of nonmetallic materials in pure oxygen, but these characteristics are not as well understood for lesser oxygen concentrations. In this study, autogenous ignition temperature testing and pneumatic impact testing were used to better understand the effects of oxygen concentration on ignition of nonmetallic materials. Tests were performed using oxygen concentrations of 21, 34, 45, and 100 %. The following materials were tested: PTFE Teflon®, Buna-N, Silicone, Zytel® 42, Viton® A, and Vespel® SP-21.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHazardous materials.
=650  \0$aFire investigation.
=650  \0$aFuels.
=650  \0$aIgnition sources.
=650  \0$aOxygen concentration.
=650  \0$aNonmetallic materials.
=650  \0$aPneumatic impact.
=650  14$aAutogenous ignition temperature.
=650  24$aPneumatic impact.
=650  24$aOxygen concentration.
=650  24$aNonmetallic materials.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102285.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102286
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102286$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102286$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA465
=082  04$a620.1/76$223
=100  1\$aRosales, Keisa R.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aHigh Pressure Quick Disconnect Particle Impact Tests /$cKeisa R. Rosales, Joel M. Stoltzfus.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b3
=520  3\$aNational Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Johnson Space Center White Sands Test Facility (WSTF) performed particle impact testing to determine whether there is a particle impact ignition hazard in the quick disconnects (QDs) in the environmental control and life support system (ECLSS) on the International Space Station (ISS). Testing included standard supersonic and subsonic particle impact tests on 15–5 PH stainless steel, as well as tests performed on a QD simulator. This paper summarizes the particle impact tests completed at WSTF. Although there was an ignition in test series 4, it was determined that the ignition was caused by the presence of a machining imperfection. The sum of all the test results and analysis enabled NASA to conclude that the risk of particle impact ignition hazard in the ISS ECLSS QDs was acceptable.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMetals$xImpact testing.
=650  \0$aSteel$xFracture.
=650  \0$aSteel$xTesting.
=650  \0$aHigh pressure.
=650  \0$aStainless steel.
=650  \0$aQuick disconnect.
=650  14$aQuick disconnect.
=650  24$aHigh pressure.
=650  24$aParticle impact testing.
=650  24$aStainless steel.
=700  1\$aStoltzfus, Joel M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102286.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102287
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102287$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102287$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA1
=082  04$a620.1/12$223
=100  1\$aRosales, Keisa R.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAdvanced Crew Escape Suits (ACES) Particle Impact Test /$cKeisa R. Rosales, Joel M. Stoltzfus.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b5
=520  3\$aNASA Johnson Space Center requested NASA JSC White Sands Test Facility to assist in determining the effects of impaired anodization on aluminum parts in advanced crew escape suits (ACES). Initial investigation indicated poor anodization could lead to an increased risk of particle impact ignition, and a lack of data was prevalent for particle impact of bare (unanodized) aluminum; therefore, particle impact tests were performed. A total of 179 subsonic (Test Series 1–3) and 60 supersonic (Test Series 6) tests were performed with no ignition of the aluminum targets. Based on the resulting test data and analysis, WSTF found no increased particle impact hazard was present in the ACES equipment.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aExplosions.
=650  \0$aImpact.
=650  \0$aMaterials$xTesting.
=650  \0$aShock waves.
=650  \0$aAluminum anodization.
=650  14$aAluminum anodization.
=650  24$aParticle impact ignition testing.
=650  24$aAdvanced crew escape suit (ACES)
=700  1\$aStoltzfus, Joel M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102287.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102292
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102292$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102292$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.74
=082  04$a620.11223$223
=100  1\$aChiffoleau, Gwenael J. A.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aTest Method for Quantifying the Ignitability of Metallic Materials /$cGwenael J. A. Chiffoleau, Jared D. Hooser, Barry E. Newton, Alain Colson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aCurrently, no test standard exists for quantifying the ignitability of metallic materials in oxygen. Metallic materials are consistently used at oxygen pressures significantly greater than their associated burn limits. Oxygen fires are rare in these applications; however, they still occur and the proximity to ignition and fire for applications that do not experience fire is always unknown. A new test method for quantifying the ignitability of metallic materials in oxygen is described. The method uses a powerful electric arc to deliver a quantifiable amount of energy at the surface of a metallic sample and estimate the minimum ignition energy of the material. A case example is provided in which arc ignition test results were used to evaluate the ignitability of aluminum-bronze and to help support a particle ignition risk analysis of aluminum-bronze industrial control valves.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMetallic composites.
=650  \0$aMaterials$xDeterioration.
=650  \0$aAirplanes$xMaterials$xDeterioration.
=650  \0$aAluminum bronze.
=650  \0$aArcing.
=650  \0$aStainless steel.
=650  \0$aIgnition.
=650  \0$aOxygen.
=650  \0$aMetals.
=650  \0$aParticle impact.
=650  \0$aIgnition energy.
=650  14$aOxygen.
=650  24$aIgnition.
=650  24$aMetals.
=650  24$aAluminum bronze.
=650  24$aStainless steel.
=650  24$aArcing.
=650  24$aIgnition energy.
=650  24$aParticle impact.
=700  1\$aHooser, Jared D.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNewton, Barry E.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aColson, Alain,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102292.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102293
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102293$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102293$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRA1247.C65
=082  04$a615.9/1$223
=100  1\$aCarré, M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aIdentification and Quantification of Combustion Products Released by Non-Metallic Materials Used for Medical Oxygen Equipment /$cM. Carré, H. Barthélémy, J. Bruat, S. Lombard, O. Longuet, J. P. Schaaff.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (20 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aNon-metallic materials (plastics, elastomers, and lubricants) are known to be the most critical ones in terms of safety in high pressure oxygen distribution systems. When proper oxygen system design guidelines are not followed, the risk of accidental ignition in service arises and has been known for many years. It has been observed that if sufficient mass was available when ignited, concentrations of species could arise in a level that could be considered toxic. This is a concern in particular for those non-metallic parts containing halogens. This risk shall especially be addressed for medical equipment and for any high pressure breathing gas system. International standards (ISO 15001 or EIGA 73/08) recommend how to address this toxicity risk. They give specific recommendations such as minimising non-metallic materials in design of equipment and use of non-metallic materials whose thermal decomposition and/or combustion in oxygen produce less toxic products (with lethal concentration LC50>5,000 ppm). They also present a list of theoretical potential combustion products but no quantitative values of real combustion by-products from which a toxicity risk assessment can be achieved. Then, in order to evaluate the toxicity risk for medical oxygen and breathing gas applications, it is necessary not only to identify but to quantify compounds generated by combustion. In this paper, an analytical procedure used to identify and quantify the released products will be described. The target is to analyze these compounds with the shortest delay after combustion promoted by adiabatic compression with oxygen at 200 bars (20,000 kPa). The analysis of combustion by-products must be done in the few minutes following the combustion. Therefore direct analytical techniques, like Fourier transformed infrared spectrometry and mass spectrometry, were used to identify and quantify the generated species and sample extraction was taken on the closest emission point to the combustion on the installation. All such precautions were intended for avoiding modification or subsequent reaction of compounds due to sample preparation steps or delays in analysis. Comparisons were made for several plastics materials and elastomers. The list of quantified combustion by-products will be presented for polytetrafluoroethylene and polychlorotrifluoroethylene. The quantification data obtained during this study is proposed for use in a toxicity risk assessment. Then a global risk evaluation can be done including this toxicity risk assessment and an ignition risk assessment. Based on this global risk evaluation, practical recommendations could be provided.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCombustion gases$xToxicology.
=650  \0$aSmoke screens$xToxicology.
=650  \0$aDiesel fuels$xToxicology.
=650  \0$aHexachloroethane$xToxicology.
=650  \0$aSmoke$xadverse effects.
=650  \0$aToxicity risk.
=650  \0$aCombustion.
=650  \0$aOxygen.
=650  \0$aGas analysis.
=650  14$aCombustion.
=650  24$aNon-metallic materials.
=650  24$aOxygen.
=650  24$aGas analysis.
=650  24$aToxicity risk.
=650  24$aPTFE.
=650  24$aPCTFE.
=700  1\$aBarthélémy, H.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBruat, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLombard, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLonguet, O.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSchaaff, J. P.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102293.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102296
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102296$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102296$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRA1270.F55
=082  04$a677$223
=100  1\$aForsyth, Elliot T.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aOxygen Fire Hazards in Valve-Integrated Pressure Regulators for Medical Oxygen /$cElliot T. Forsyth, Barry E. Newton, Gwenael J. A. Chiffoleau, Brad Forsyth.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aIn recent years, medical oxygen regulators that incorporate a cylinder isolation valve have increased in popularity. These devices, often called valve-integrated pressure regulators (VIPRs), essentially combine several components into one highly compact manifold design, typically including a fill valve, shut-off valve, residual pressure valve, regulator, and relief valve. Combining these components into a single manifold block presents unique oxygen fire hazards that can differ greatly from those found in the stand-alone versions of the components. In order to avoid fires, these hazards must be understood and addressed in the design of the VIPR. This paper presents the most common oxygen fire hazards found in VIPR devices as well as the ASTM analysis and testing methods used to qualify a new design, specifically considering oxygen compatibility of materials, toxicity of combustion products, ignition mechanisms, and reaction effects of a fire.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFireproofing agents$xToxicology.
=650  \0$aCumulative effects assessment (Environmental assessment)
=650  \0$aFlame Retardants$xtoxicity.
=650  \0$aHalogenated Diphenyl Ethers$xtoxicity.
=650  \0$aFire risk.
=650  \0$aIgnition.
=650  \0$aMedical oxygen.
=650  \0$aHazards analysis.
=650  \0$aOxygen hazards.
=650  \0$aToxicity.
=650  14$aOxygen hazards.
=650  24$aFire risk.
=650  24$aHazards analysis.
=650  24$aValve-integrated pressure regulators.
=650  24$aVIPR.
=650  24$aMedical oxygen.
=650  24$aIgnition.
=650  24$aToxicity.
=700  1\$aNewton, Barry E.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aChiffoleau, Gwenael J. A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aForsyth, Brad,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102296.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102297
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102297$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102297$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTJ985
=082  04$a621.5$223
=100  1\$aNewton, Barry E.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAdiabatic Compression Testing—Part II :$bBackground and Approach to Estimating Severity of Test Methodology /$cBarry E. Newton, Gwenael J. A. Chiffoleau, Ted Steinberg, Christian Binder.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (18 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b24
=520  3\$aAdiabatic compression testing of components in gaseous oxygen is a test method that is utilized worldwide and is commonly required to qualify a component for ignition tolerance under its intended service. This testing is required by many industry standards organizations and government agencies; however, a thorough evaluation of the test parameters and test system influences on the thermal energy produced during the test has not yet been performed. This paper presents a background for adiabatic compression testing and discusses an approach to estimating potential differences in the thermal profiles produced by different test laboratories. A “thermal profile test fixture” (TPTF) is described that is capable of measuring and characterizing the thermal energy for a typical pressure shock by any test system. The test systems at Wendell Hull and Associates, Inc., in the United States and at the BAM Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing in Germany are compared in this manner and some of the data obtained are presented. The paper also introduces a new way of comparing the test method to idealized processes to perform system-by-system comparisons. Thus, the paper introduces an “idealized severity index” (ISI) of the thermal energy to characterize a rapid pressure surge. From the TPTF data a “test severity index” can also be calculated so that the thermal energies developed by different test systems can be compared to each other and to the ISI for the equivalent isentropic process. Finally, a “service severity index” is introduced to characterize the thermal energy of actual service conditions. This paper is the second in a series of publications planned on the subject of adiabatic compression testing.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCompressors.
=650  \0$aGases, Compressed.
=650  \0$aPneumatic tools.
=650  \0$aThermal profile.
=650  \0$aShock-wave heating.
=650  \0$aAdiabatic compression.
=650  \0$aOxygen.
=650  \0$aGaseous fluid impact.
=650  \0$aPneumatic impact.
=650  \0$aSeverity index.
=650  14$aAdiabatic compression.
=650  24$aPneumatic impact.
=650  24$aGaseous fluid impact.
=650  24$aIsentropic compression.
=650  24$aOxygen.
=650  24$aShock-wave heating.
=650  24$aThermal profile.
=650  24$aSeverity index.
=700  1\$aChiffoleau, Gwenael J. A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSteinberg, Ted,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBinder, Christian,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102297.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102298
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102298$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102298$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTL521
=082  04$a629.1$223
=100  1\$aHooser, Jared D.,$eauthor.
=245  13$aAn Approach to Understanding Flow Friction Ignition :$bA Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Study on Temperature Development of High-Pressure Oxygen Flow Inside Micron-Scale Seal Cracks /$cJared D. Hooser, Mingjun Wei, Barry E. Newton, Gwenael J. A. Chiffoleau.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aFlow friction ignition of non-metallic materials in oxygen is a poorly understood heat-generating mechanism thought to be caused by oxygen flow past a non-metallic sealing surface. Micron-scale fatigue cracks or channels were observed on non-metallic sealing surfaces of oxygen components and could provide a leak path for the high-pressure oxygen to flow across the seal. Literature in the field of micro-fluidics research has noted that viscous dissipation, a heat-generating mechanism, may not be negligible as the flow dimension of the channel is reduced to the micron-scale. Results of a computational fluid dynamics study are presented and used to determine if temperatures developed in high-pressure driven micro-channel oxygen flows are capable of reaching the reported autogenous ignition temperature of non-metallic materials in oxygen.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aShear flow.
=650  \0$aViscous flow.
=650  \0$aAerodynamics, Hypersonic.
=650  \0$aCompressibility.
=650  \0$aAerodynamic heating.
=650  \0$aStagnation heating.
=650  \0$aViscous heating.
=650  \0$aCylinder valves.
=650  \0$aOxygen fires.
=650  \0$aMicrochannel flow.
=650  14$aFlow friction ignition.
=650  24$aViscous heating.
=650  24$aOxygen fires.
=650  24$aMicrochannel flow.
=650  24$aCylinder valves.
=650  24$aCGA 870 seals.
=650  24$aComputational fluid dynamics.
=650  24$aStagnation heating.
=700  1\$aWei, Mingjun,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNewton, Barry E.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aChiffoleau, Gwenael J. A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102298.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102299
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102299$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102299$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTR706
=082  04$a779/.960978$223
=100  1\$aForsyth, Elliot T.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aGood Practices for Avoiding Fires in Steel Mill Oxygen Systems /$cElliot T. Forsyth, Barry E. Newton, Gwenael J. A. Chiffoleau, Brendan Brophy.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aOver time, oxygen has been used with increasing frequency in the steel industry. Applications include basic oxygen furnaces, electric arc furnaces, scrap melting, lancing operations, and slab-cutting operations. Because of the inherently “dirty” environment of most steel mills, avoiding contaminants in the oxygen systems can be challenging and numerous fires have occurred due to contaminant-promoted ignition sources. This paper presents many good practices that can be practically implemented to reduce the risk of oxygen fires in typical steel mill oxygen system installations.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aLandscape photography.
=650  \0$aMills and mill-work in art.
=650  \0$aPhotography, Industrial.
=650  \0$aSteel industry and trade.
=650  \0$aOxygen lance.
=650  \0$aOxygen cleaning.
=650  \0$aCutting torch.
=650  \0$aSteel mill.
=650  \0$aDesign.
=650  \0$aOxygen.
=650  \0$aGood practices.
=650  14$aOxygen.
=650  24$aFires.
=650  24$aSteel mill.
=650  24$aGood practices.
=650  24$aOxygen cleaning.
=650  24$aDesign.
=650  24$aCutting torch.
=650  24$aOxygen lance.
=700  1\$aNewton, Barry E.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aChiffoleau, Gwenael J. A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBrophy, Brendan,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102299.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102300
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102300$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102300$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD516
=082  04$a541.3/61$223
=100  1\$aOdom, Greg A.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPromoted Ignition Testing of Metallic Filters in High-Pressure Oxygen /$cGreg A. Odom, Gwenael J. A. Chiffoleau, Barry E. Newton, J. Ron Fielding.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b5
=520  3\$aCurrently, no test standard exists for evaluating the ignition tolerance and fault tolerance of metallic filters in high-pressure oxygen. Filters are a critical component in oxygen systems to ensure system cleanliness and mitigate ignitions by particle impact and contamination. However, filters are at risk to these same ignition mechanisms and fires have occurred in service. A new test method was developed using ASTM Standard G175 Phase 2 as a basis. The test subjects a pre-contaminated filter to a forced ignition event using an ignition pill while the filter is maintained at elevated pressure. Prior to testing, contaminant was applied to the filter element and was also placed at the filter inlet. This additional contaminant was based on contaminant that could potentially accumulate in a filter over time. This contaminant consisted of aluminum powder, iron particles, and perfluorinated lubricant. An ignition pill, consistent with ASTM Standard G175 Phase 2, was located on the upstream side of the filter. A back pressure was applied downstream of the ignition pill to ensure that the filter was pressurized during the ignition and burning of the pill. Testing was performed on brass and stainless steel filters of the same design using an oxygen shock to ignite the ignition pill at a test pressure greater than the back pressure applied to the filter. The brass filters safely contained the ignition event without breaching through the filter element or body. For the stainless steel filters, the ignition event kindled the filter element and burned through the filter body. This testing showed that the ignition fault tolerance of the brass filters was far superior to that of the stainless steel filters, which was consistent with the relative flammability of these metallic materials, and therefore verified the test methodology.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCombustion.
=650  \0$aignition.
=650  \0$aflamme turbulente.
=700  1\$aChiffoleau, Gwenael J. A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNewton, Barry E.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFielding, J. Ron,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102300.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102301
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102301$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102301$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQH545.F5
=082  04$a574.5/264$223
=100  1\$aBerhinig, Robert,$eauthor.
=245  10$aGuide on Measuring Uniformity of Furnace Exposure on Specimens Representing Test Samples Used to Determine Fire Resistance Ratings /$cRobert Berhinig.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aASTM E5.11 Subcommittee on fire resistance is responsible for five fire test standards that rely upon furnaces to provide the heat exposure to test samples. These test samples range from floor-ceiling samples having a minimum area of 16.7 m2 to firestop systems that may include a single relatively small penetrating item. All these test standards include a precision and bias clause but none of the standards include a means for documenting the exposure or fire insult conditions imposed by the furnace onto the sample. This paper describes the activity underway within ISO TC92/SC2 to publish a procedure to measure the uniformity of furnace exposure imposed upon test samples. This procedure measures the temperature on a specimen replicating a test sample used to determine fire resistance ratings, the oxygen content in the furnace chamber, and the velocity across the specimen. The ISO method introduces the term “effective area of furnace opening” to identify the area within the furnace opening where the test specimen is not significantly influenced by furnace boundary conditions. The method is applicable to all ASTM fire test standards that use furnaces such as ASTM E119 as well as similar ISO and NFPA standards.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFire ecology.
=650  \0$aISO/IEC 17025.
=650  \0$aFire resistance.
=650  \0$aFurnace calibration.
=650  \0$aPrecision and bias.
=650  14$aASTM E119.
=650  24$aASTM E814.
=650  24$aDD ENV 1363-3.
=650  24$aFurnace calibration.
=650  24$aFire resistance.
=650  24$aEffective area of furnace opening.
=650  24$aISO 834.
=650  24$aISO/IEC 17025.
=650  24$aPrecision and bias.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102301.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102303
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102303$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102303$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQA279.5
=082  04$a519.5/42$223
=100  1\$aCain, Christopher,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMeasuring Properties for Material Decomposition Modeling /$cChristopher Cain, Brian Y. Lattimer.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (26 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b19
=520  3\$aInverse analysis methods were evaluated for determining thermal properties of materials for pyrolysis models. Experiments and analyses focused on determining the thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity of materials as a function of temperature and in different states. Experiments were designed to limit the properties (thermal conductivity, specific heat capacity) controlling the thermal response, allowing for more accurate determination of properties. Experiments and analyses were performed on three different materials: Ceramic, E-glass vinyl ester composite, and char/glass reinforcement. Results from the inverse analysis were compared with properties measured using other ASTM standard tests for measuring thermal properties. Properties were predicted to within 10 % of values from other standard test methods with quadratic and linear functions providing similar properties. Materials with more nonlinear variation in properties with temperature may require using quadratic functions to adequately predict properties.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aDecomposition method.
=650  \0$aMultiscale modeling.
=650  \0$aComposite materials.
=650  \0$aInverse analysis.
=650  \0$aThermal conductivity.
=650  14$aInverse analysis.
=650  24$aThermal conductivity.
=650  24$aSpecific heat capacity.
=650  24$aComposite materials.
=700  1\$aLattimer, Brian Y.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102303.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102304
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102304$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102304$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA357.5.M43
=082  04$a681/.28$223
=100  1\$aNewton, Barry E.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAdiabatic Compression Testing—Part I :$bHistorical Development and Evaluation of Fluid Dynamic Processes Including Shock-Wave Considerations /$cBarry E. Newton, Ted Steinberg.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (18 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b45
=520  3\$aAdiabatic compression testing of components in gaseous oxygen is a test method that is utilized worldwide and is commonly required to qualify a component for ignition tolerance under its intended service. This testing is required by many industry standards organizations and government agencies. This paper traces the background of adiabatic compression testing in the oxygen community and discusses the thermodynamic and fluid dynamic processes that occur during rapid pressure surges. This paper is the first of several papers by the authors on the subject of adiabatic compression testing and is presented as a non-comprehensive background and introduction.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFluid dynamic measurements.
=650  \0$aFlow meters.
=650  \0$aShock-wave heating.
=650  \0$aAdiabatic compression.
=650  \0$aOxygen.
=650  \0$aGaseous fluid impact.
=650  \0$aPneumatic impact.
=650  14$aAdiabatic compression.
=650  24$aPneumatic impact.
=650  24$aGaseous fluid impact.
=650  24$aIsentropic compression.
=650  24$aOxygen.
=650  24$aShock-wave heating.
=700  1\$aSteinberg, Ted,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102304.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102306
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102306$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102306$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA403
=082  04$a628.9/222$223
=100  1\$aHarper, Susana,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDetermination of Time Required for Materials Exposed to Oxygen to Return to Reduced Flammability /$cSusana Harper, David Hirsch, Sarah Smith.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aIncreased material flammability due to exposure to high oxygen concentrations is a concern from both safety and operational perspectives. Localized high oxygen concentrations can occur when exiting a higher oxygen concentration environment due to material saturation as well as oxygen entrapment between barrier materials. Understanding of oxygen diffusion and its correlation to flammability risks can reduce the likelihood of fires while improving procedures as NASA moves to longer missions with increased extravehicular activities in both spacecraft and off-Earth habitats. This paper examines the time required for common spacecraft materials exposed to oxygen to return to reduced flammability after removal from the increased oxygen concentration environment. Specifically, NASA-STD-6001A maximum oxygen concentration testing and ASTM Standard F1927 diffusion testing were performed on Nomex®Nomex® is a registered trademark of E. I. Du Pont de Nemours and Co., Wilmington, DE. HT90-40, Tiburon®Tiburon® is a registered trademark of Allegiance Corporation, McGraw Park, IL. surgical drape, cotton, Extravehicular Mobility Unit (EMU) Liquid-Cooled Ventilation Garment, EMU Thermal Comfort Undergarment, EMU Mosite foam with spandex covering, Advanced Crew Escape Suit (ACES) outer cross-section, ACES Liquid-Cooled Garment, ACES O2 hose material, Minicel®Minicel® is a registered trademark of Sekisui Voltek, Lawrence, MA. polyethylene foam, Minicel® polyethylene foam with Nomex® covering, Pyrell polyurethane foam, and Zotek®Zotek® is a registered trademark of Zotefoams plc, Walton, KY. F-30 foam.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFire testing$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aFlammable materials$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aMaterials$xFlammability$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aMetals$xFlammability$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aDiffusion.
=650  \0$aPermeation.
=650  \0$aNonmetals.
=650  \0$aTextiles.
=650  \0$aCrew escape suit.
=650  \0$aFlammability.
=650  14$aFlammability.
=650  24$aNonmetals.
=650  24$aPermeation.
=650  24$aDiffusion.
=650  24$aMaximum oxygen concentration (MOC)
=650  24$aGaseous oxygen enrichment.
=650  24$aTextiles.
=650  24$aExtravehicular Mobility Unit.
=650  24$aCrew escape suit.
=700  1\$aHirsch, David,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSmith, Sarah,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102306.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102309
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102309$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102309$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP159.M4
=082  04$a621.312$223
=100  1\$aBinder, Chr.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Importance of Quality Assurance and Batch Testing on Nonmetallic Materials Used for Oxygen Service /$cChr. Binder, K. Arlt, T. Brock, P. Hartwig, O. Hesse, T. Tillack.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b19
=520  3\$aIn oxygen components, even for high pressure oxygen service, it is possible to use organic seals, lubricants, or filling liquids, provided their oxygen compatibility has been checked. However, fire incidents in oxygen systems still occur because these materials ignite and burn. There are many reasons, such as incorrect design, contamination, faulty operation, unsuitable materials, etc., why this happens. Another cause that is overseen very often is proper maintenance on the user’s side. It is very important to replace in a component a worn out seal by the same one with identical oxygen compatibility properties. On the part of the producer or distributor of materials, batch testing and also a quality assurance system play a key role in the safety of an oxygen component. Any change in the manufacturing process of a material, or in its composition, and even its further processing may have an impact on its oxygen compatibility and finally on the component in which it is used. Numerous investigations by BAM over decades reveal the influence of minor constituents and fillers on a material’s oxygen compatibility. The test results in this paper show how important it is to regularly perform batch testing on nonmetallic materials used for oxygen service and to have a quality assurance system that helps minimize incidents where unsuitable materials are chosen by accident.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aInorganic Chemistry.
=650  \0$aMaterials Science.
=650  \0$aHydrogen.
=650  \0$aOxygen.
=650  \0$aMaintenance.
=650  \0$aQuality assurance.
=650  \0$aBatch testing.
=650  \0$aComponents.
=650  \0$aNonmetallic materials.
=650  \0$aPneumatic impact.
=650  \0$aFlammability.
=650  \0$aOxygen compatibility.
=650  14$aOxygen compatibility.
=650  24$aNonmetallic materials.
=650  24$aPneumatic impact.
=650  24$aFlammability.
=650  24$aComponents.
=650  24$aMaintenance.
=650  24$aBatch testing.
=650  24$aQuality assurance.
=700  1\$aArlt, K.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBrock, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHartwig, P.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHesse, O.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTillack, T.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102309.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102311
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102311$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102311$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aSD421
=082  04$a577.32$223
=100  1\$aHong, Sangdo,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPredicting Fire Behavior of Composite CFT Columns Using Fundamental Section Behavior /$cSangdo Hong, Amit H. Varma.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (23 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b42
=520  3\$aThis paper presents the development and verification of a fiber-based analytical approach for predicting the behavior of concrete filled steel tube (CFT) columns subjected to constant axial load and standard fire loading. The approach consists of three parts: (1) Two-dimensional heat transfer analysis, (2) section moment-curvature analysis, and (3) column inelastic buckling analysis using modified Newmark’s method. The analytical approach was verified by using it to predict (1) the thermal and structural behavior of CFT column specimens subjected to standard fire tests by different researchers and (2) the fundamental moment-curvature behavior of CFT beam-column specimens subjected to special (non-standard) fire tests conducted by the authors. The analytical approach predicts the fundamental moment-curvature behavior of CFT beam-column specimens and the standard fire behavior of CFT column specimens with reasonable accuracy. The analytical results also compare favorably with the overall behavior and stress states predicted by three-dimensional finite element analyses conducted earlier by the authors. The fiber-based analytical approach is recommended for modeling and predicting the standard, non-standard, or realistic fire behavior of CFT columns and beam-columns under various loading, heating, and boundary conditions.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFire ecology.
=650  \0$aForest management.
=650  \0$aFire Behavior.
=650  \0$aFiber-based.
=650  \0$aComposite.
=650  \0$aFire.
=650  \0$aTemperature.
=650  \0$aAnalysis.
=650  \0$aColumns.
=650  14$aFire.
=650  24$aColumns.
=650  24$aComposite.
=650  24$aAnalysis.
=650  24$aFiber-based.
=650  24$aTemperature.
=700  1\$aVarma, Amit H.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102311.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102317
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102317$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102317$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTD423
=082  04$a363.739/46$223
=100  1\$aOza, Aditi,$eauthor.
=245  10$aTribocharging of Particle Contaminants Evaluated as an Ignition Source in Oxygen-Enriched Environments /$cAditi Oza, Sudipto Ghosh, Kanchan Chowdhury.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (28 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b56
=520  3\$aContamination particles make an oxygen system more vulnerable to fire hazard as they provide a large surface area with reduced minimum energy of ignition. Adiabatic compression, resonance, solid friction, flow friction, and promoted ignition have acted as the source of ignition in oxygen systems. In this paper, static electricity generated in solid particles is proposed to be another possible source of ignition. It is known that the movement of particles in a system results in the buildup of static charges in them. This static electricity, if supported by suitable geometric configuration and grounding of metal projections, may lead to propagating brush discharge (PBD) and provide the energy needed for initiation of fire. Particles with low auto-ignition temperature, particularly in dispersed state, may help in initiating the fire, while metal particles may aid the propagation because of their high combustion energy. In this paper, we have determined the velocity profile utilizing the FLUENT code and calculated the charge generated in particles, exploring the ignition probability of equipment in oxygen environment through electrostatic discharge. We have also attempted to perform preliminary calculation to determine charge density and the electric field strength required for brush discharge. Computational fluid dynamics analyses on globe valves reveal the presence of probable areas of particulate accumulation in the valve. The decrease in minimum ignition energy (MIE) in the environment of high pressure, high temperature, high purity of oxygen, low humidity, small particles, high dielectric constant, low thickness of insulating layer, and high resistance of the deposited dust layer facilitates occurrence of PBD, which may cause ignition. Adiabatic heating may aid combustion by lowering the MIE of particles. Experiments have been proposed for verification of the hypothesis and analytical calculations presented by the authors. The paper may give a new insight into the possible causes of oxygen fire.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aWater quality management.
=650  \0$aWater reuse.
=650  \0$aEnvironnement.
=650  \0$aSciences de la terre.
=650  \0$aEmerging contaminants in water.
=650  \0$aTribocharging.
=650  \0$aIgnition.
=650  \0$aOxygen.
=650  \0$aDust layer.
=650  14$aOxygen.
=650  24$aIgnition.
=650  24$aTribocharging.
=650  24$aPropagating brush discharge.
=650  24$aDust layer.
=700  1\$aGhosh, Sudipto,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aChowdhury, Kanchan,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102317.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102324
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102324$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102324$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRD598.35.S73
=082  04$a617.4/12$223
=100  1\$aNikanorov, Alexander,$eauthor.
=245  10$aIn-Vitro Modeling of the Dynamic Forces in the Femoropopliteal Artery /$cAlexander Nikanorov, Albert J. Mach, Lisa Lenaway, Hugh Zhao, Lewis B. Schwartz.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b19
=520  3\$aThe use of intravascular stents in the femoropopliteal artery (FPA) continues to be controversial due to the potential fractures in the dynamic environment. The purpose of this study was to (1) develop a representative in-vitro model that simulates physiological motion of the FPA during knee and hip flexion and (2) use the model to characterize the types and ranges of stent distortion produced by extremity movement. This model eliminates inconsistencies often observed in cadaveric models and clinical subjects due to individual anatomical differences, and allows testing with large sample sizes in a controlled environment for variable (tubing length, material, diameter, and thickness) modification. A comparative evaluation of axial mechanical property and elasticity was conducted between the tubing intended to simulate arteries and the ex-vivo porcine carotid arteries, favoring the selection of silicone tubing. The model was assessed for its unstented and stented arterial bending and axial compression under three physiological motions: straight leg, walking (knee/hip flexion 70°/20°), and sitting/stair climbing (knee/hip flexion 90°/90°). Self-expanding nitinol stents implanted in the simulated mid-superficial femoral artery and popliteal artery (PA) of the model exhibit axial compression of 4.5±0.3 % and 7±0.3 % (knee/hip flexion 70°/20°), and 8.4±0.7 % and 8±0.2 % (knee/hip flexion 90°/90°). Stents implanted in the simulated PA exhibit bending of 40° and 74° from knee/hip angle changes to 70°/20° and to 90°/90°, respectively. The model demonstrated stent bending and compression as previously observed in cadaver studies. Additional analysis of stent motion (torsion, localized bending, radial compression) may be evaluated with more advanced imaging techniques and additional model development. The data generated in these analyses could support appropriate modes and parameters for stent fatigue testing, and better understanding of vascular device performance in the dynamic FPA.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aStents (Surgery)
=650  \0$aCoronary heart disease$xSurgery.
=650  \0$aCoronary Disease$xsurgery.
=650  \0$aIn-vitro model.
=650  \0$aBiomechanical forces.
=650  \0$aStents.
=650  \0$aPopliteal artery.
=650  14$aStents.
=650  24$aIn-vitro model.
=650  24$aSuperficial femoral artery.
=650  24$aPopliteal artery.
=650  24$aBiomechanical forces.
=700  1\$aMach, Albert J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLenaway, Lisa,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aZhao, Hugh,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSchwartz, Lewis B.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102324.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102325
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102325$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102325$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTJ1077
=082  04$a621.8/9$223
=100  1\$aKhan, Mohammed M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDevelopment of a Standard Flammability Test for Water-Based Hydraulic Fluids /$cMohammed M. Khan, Prateep Chatterjee, John L. de Ris.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b14
=520  3\$aThis paper is a review of the development of a standard flammability test method for hydraulic fluids since the 1970s. Over the past years, the test methodology for qualifying hydraulic fluids has been transformed from a qualitative assessment to a quantitative and model based assessment. The present standard test method deals with the calorimetric measurement of heat release rate of a highly atomized spray fire, fire point temperature measurement, and the determination of adiabatic flame temperature utilizing an existing NASA Combustion Equilibrium and Application Code. In this paper, we have emphasized on the detailed development of evaluating water-based hydraulic fluids.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSynthetic lubricants.
=650  \0$aHydraulic fluids.
=650  \0$aMechanical engineering.
=650  \0$aChemical engineering.
=650  \0$aHydraulic fluids.
=650  \0$aSpray flammability.
=650  14$aHydraulic fluids.
=650  24$aSpray flammability.
=650  24$aChemical heat release rate.
=650  24$aAdiabatic flame temperature.
=700  1\$aChatterjee, Prateep,$eauthor.
=700  1\$ade Ris, John L.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102325.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102327
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102327$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102327$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA683.2
=082  04$a620.1/3733$223
=100  1\$aBernard, E. S.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aInfluence of Test Machine Control Method on Flexural Performance of Fiber Reinforced Concrete Beams /$cE. S. Bernard.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b23
=520  3\$aFlexural testing of fiber reinforced concrete (FRC) and shotcrete using beams has undergone a steady evolution over the past 30 years to the point where complex servo-controlled test machines are now required to undertake these tests. These machines have been found necessary in order to impose stable and reproducible test conditions on beams. Servo-controlled machines utilize closed-loop strain feedback mechanisms in an attempt to maintain stability throughout the post-crack deformation history of a brittle FRC specimen. However, some standard test methods for flexural performance assessment of FRC require displacement-control of the loading piston rather than strain-control based on the measured deformation of the beam. Displacement-control has frequently been found to result in unstable unloading of brittle FRC. Anecdotal evidence suggests that differences in the method of machine control may lead to changes in the apparent performance of specimens. An investigation was therefore instigated to examine the apparent performance of FRC beams tested using strain-controlled loading compared to displacement-control.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aReinforced concrete construction.
=650  \0$aReinforced concrete$xPlastic properties.
=650  \0$aBéton armé$xPlasticité.
=650  \0$aBéton armé$xPropriétés mécaniques.
=650  \0$aBéton armé$xRupture.
=650  \0$aModulus of rupture.
=650  \0$aTest machine.
=650  \0$aClosed-loop control.
=650  \0$aVariability.
=650  14$aClosed-loop control.
=650  24$aFiber reinforced concrete.
=650  24$aModulus of rupture.
=650  24$aPost-crack performance.
=650  24$aTest machine.
=650  24$aVariability.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102327.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102334
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102334$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102334$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH1065
=082  04$a628.9/222$223
=100  1\$aSultan, Mohamed A.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aComparisons of Temperature and Heat Flux in Furnaces Controlled by Different Types of Temperature Sensors /$cMohamed A. Sultan.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b14
=520  3\$aThis paper presents and discusses furnace temperature and heat flux measurements in a fire resistance floor furnace controlled by ASTM shielded thermocouple probes, ISO 834 plate thermometers, directional flame thermometers, and bare bead thermocouples. Comparisons of furnace temperature measurements, temperature sensor time constants; incident heat flux and measured versus predicted incident heat flux are presented.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFire resistant materials.
=650  \0$aFire prevention.
=650  \0$aThermal resistance.
=650  \0$aFire resistance.
=650  \0$aFurnace.
=650  \0$aPlate thermometers.
=650  \0$aTime constant.
=650  \0$aIncident heat flux.
=650  14$aFire resistance.
=650  24$aFurnace.
=650  24$aShielded thermocouple probes.
=650  24$aPlate thermometers.
=650  24$aDirectional flame thermometers.
=650  24$aBare bead thermocouples.
=650  24$aTime constant.
=650  24$aIncident heat flux.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102334.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102337
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2011\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102337$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102337$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.9.C6
=082  04$a624.1/8$223
=100  1\$aYotte, Sylvie,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSize Effect Related to Composite Toughness Characterization /$cSylvie Yotte, Denys Breysse.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2011.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (18 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b30
=520  3\$aThis paper deals with toughness characterization of composite materials. In that case, Linearly Elastic Fracture Mechanics (LEFM) may not be effective because a damage zone develops at the notch tip during crack propagation. Experimental tests were carried out on two different series of homothetic specimens (Single Edge Notched Tensile and Steel Frame Assisted Tension). Data gathered for the tested sample sizes confirmed that LEFM cannot be used for toughness characterization. A macroscopic failure criterion was hence derived from experimental data. Acoustic emission data indicated fiber bridging as the main mechanism opposing crack propagation. The corresponding microscopic failure criterion is chosen to define a test-independent criterion. Cumulative statistical distributions of test-independent failure parameters were finally determined on the basis of all experimental results.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aComposite materials.
=650  \0$aTOUGHNESS.
=650  \0$aHARDNESS.
=650  \0$aMechanical testing.
=650  \0$aCharacterization.
=650  \0$aFracture toughness.
=650  \0$aLayered structures.
=650  \0$aSize effect.
=650  14$aLayered structures.
=650  24$aFracture toughness.
=650  24$aMechanical testing.
=650  24$aSize effect.
=650  24$aCharacterization.
=700  1\$aBreysse, Denys,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 8, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2011$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102337.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102342
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102342$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102342$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTS228.9
=082  04$a671.5/2$223
=100  1\$aPeralta, Stephen F.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aLiquid Oxygen Rotating Friction Ignition Testing of Aluminum and Titanium with Monel® and Inconel® for Rocket Engine Propulsion System Contamination Investigation /$cStephen F. Peralta, Keisa R. Rosales, Joel M. Stoltzfus.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b7
=520  3\$aMetallic contaminant was found in the liquid oxygen (LOX) pre-valve screen of the shuttle main engine propulsion system on two orbiter vehicles. To investigate the potential for an ignition, NASA Johnson Space Center White Sands Test Facility performed (modified) rotating friction ignition testing in LOX. This testing simulated a contaminant particle in the low-pressure oxygen turbo pump (LPOTP) and the high-pressure oxygen turbo pump (HPOTP) of the shuttle main propulsion system. Monel® K-500 and Inconel® 718 samples represented the LPOTP and HPOTP materials. Aluminum foil tape and titanium foil represented the contaminant particles. In both the Monel® and Inconel® material configurations, the aluminum foil tape samples did not ignite after 30 s of rubbing. In contrast, all of the titanium foil samples ignited regardless of the rubbing duration or material configuration. However, the titanium foil ignitions did not propagate to the Monel and Inconel materials. Based on these results, NASA determined that the risk of a fire occurring in the turbo pumps was acceptably low.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFriction stir welding.
=650  \0$aStructural Materials.
=650  \0$aOperating Procedures, Materials Treatment.
=650  \0$aContinuum Mechanics and Mechanics of Materials.
=650  \0$aAluminum.
=650  \0$aTitanium.
=650  14$aRotating friction ignition testing.
=650  24$aLiquid oxygen environment.
=650  24$aAluminum.
=650  24$aTitanium.
=650  24$aMetallic contaminant particles.
=700  1\$aRosales, Keisa R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aStoltzfus, Joel M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102342.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102351
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102351$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102351$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTJ759
=082  04$a621.43/028/7$223
=100  1\$aSparks, Kyle M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDetermination of Burn Criterion for Promoted Combustion Testing /$cKyle M. Sparks, Joel M. Stoltzfus, Theodore A. Steinberg, David Lynn.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b14
=520  3\$aPromoted ignition testing [1–3] is used to determine the relative flammability of metal rods in oxygen-enriched atmospheres. In these tests, a promoter is used to ignite each metal rod to start the sample burning. Experiments were performed to better understand the promoted ignition test by obtaining insight into the effect a burning promoter has on the preheating of a test sample. Test samples of several metallic materials were prepared and coupled to fast-responding thermocouples along their length. Various ignition promoters were used to ignite the test samples. The thermocouple measurements and test video were synchronized to determine temperature increase with respect to time and length along each test sample. A recommended length of test sample that must be consumed to be considered a flammable material was determined based on the preheated zone measured from these tests. This length was determined to be 30 mm (1.18 in.). Validation of this length and its rationale are presented.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aInternal combustion engines$xTesting.
=650  \0$aHeat affected.
=650  \0$aTemperature.
=650  \0$aBurning.
=650  \0$aIgnition.
=650  \0$aOxygen.
=650  \0$aPromoted combustion.
=650  \0$aPromoter.
=650  \0$aRods.
=650  \0$aFlammability.
=650  14$aOxygen.
=650  24$aIgnition.
=650  24$aTemperature.
=650  24$aBurning.
=650  24$aRods.
=650  24$aFlammability.
=650  24$aPromoted combustion.
=650  24$aHeat affected.
=650  24$aPromoter.
=650  24$aWSTF.
=700  1\$aStoltzfus, Joel M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSteinberg, Theodore A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLynn, David,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102351.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102358
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102358$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102358$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP1
=082  04$a669.142$223
=100  1\$aKondo, K.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aInterrelationship between True Stress–True Strain Behavior and Deformation Microstructure in the Plastic Deformation of Neutron-Irradiated or Work-Hardened Austenitic Stainless Steel /$cK. Kondo, Y. Miwa, T. Tsukada, S. Yamashita, K. Nishinoiri.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aTrue stress–true strain relation and deformation microstructure have been examined for high purity Fe-18Cr-12Ni alloy and its alloys doped with 0.7 wt % Si or 0.09 wt % C. In high purity alloy and C-doped alloy irradiated at 240°C up to 3 dpa, the work hardening rate is equivalent to that in unirradiated alloys. These alloys show dislocation channel structure after irradiation and deformation. In irradiated Si-doped alloy, however, the work hardening rate is different from that in unirradiated alloys. This alloy shows fully developed dislocation cell structure after deformation, as seen in unirradiated deformed stainless steels. The cell structure in irradiated Si-doped alloy was much smaller than that in unirradiated Si-doped alloy and in type 316L stainless steel. One of the factors affecting the change in the work hardening rate of irradiated austenitic stainless steel at 240°C is strong obstacles such as γ precipitate that acts as dislocation pining and dislocation loops such as Frank loops that do not act as obstacles.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAustenitic stainless steel.
=650  \0$aChrome-manganese steel.
=650  \0$aPrecipitation hardening.
=650  \0$aWork hardening rate.
=650  \0$aDislocation cell.
=650  \0$aDislocation channel.
=650  \0$aNeutron irradiation.
=650  \0$aPlastic deformation.
=650  14$aAustenitic stainless steel.
=650  24$aNeutron irradiation.
=650  24$aPlastic deformation.
=650  24$aDislocation channel.
=650  24$aDislocation cell.
=650  24$aTrue stress–true strain relation.
=650  24$aWork hardening rate.
=700  1\$aMiwa, Y.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTsukada, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aYamashita, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNishinoiri, K.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102358.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102364
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102364$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102364$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA439
=082  04$a620.136$223
=100  1\$aWang, Hugh,$eauthor.
=245  10$aUse of Isothermal Conduction Calorimetric Method for Measuring the Heat of Hydration of Cement /$cHugh Wang, Chengqing Qi, Waltter Lopez, Hamid Farzam.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b8
=520  3\$aIn the present study, an extensive test program is conducted to measure and compare the heat of hydration obtained from both calorimeter and ASTM C186-05 test methods. A statistical analysis is performed to evaluate the variations of the test data. The results indicate that the isothermal conduction calorimeter method is a more reliable, less time-consuming, and less labor-intensive method than the ASTM C186-05 test method. The heat of hydration at 3 days showed the least variation in all calorimeter tests. These suggest that ASTM shall consider adopting the isothermal conduction calorimeter method for measuring the heat of hydration of cement. The 3-day heat of hydration value can be used for specifying the limit of heat release for type II cements.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCement $xCongresses.
=650  \0$aCement.
=650  \0$aHeat of hydration.
=650  14$aCement.
=650  24$aHeat of hydration.
=650  24$aASTM C186-05.
=650  24$aIsothermal conduction calorimeter.
=700  1\$aQi, Chengqing,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLopez, Waltter,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFarzam, Hamid,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102364.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102365
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2011\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102365$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102365$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTD195.G3
=082  04$a622/.3381$223
=100  1\$aVettel, Paula,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCurrent Status of Fire-Resistant Hydraulic Fluids Meeting European Underground Mining Standards /$cPaula Vettel, Guenter Hertel.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2011.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b35
=520  3\$aThe European Mines Safety Commission was established in 1961 in response to a mining disaster in August 1956 at Bois du Cazier, Belgium. Hydraulic hoses were ruptured and the pressurized flammable hydraulic fluid was ignited, resulting in 267 deaths. A commission of technical experts from Europe was formed to recommend replacements for flammable oils in critical applications. Specifications were developed for fluids used in underground pumping systems and mining roof support equipment. The initial report was last updated in 1994 and is now known as the 7th Luxembourg Report. This document has been particularly important for the underground mining industry. The Report is in the process of being updated by conversion of the test methods and requirements to ISO standards. The 7th Luxembourg Report contains four categories of required testing: Fire resistance, technological properties, ecological properties, and toxicological properties. Approval testing must be conducted by a certified independent laboratory. This paper will discuss each of these categories and give examples of the tests required. Particular emphasis will be given to high water content mining hydraulic fluids and the problems encountered with corrosion resistance and emulsion stability. A new classification for water glycol fluids with lower water content has been added in recent years. An example will be shown of a fluid in this classification that meets all of the 7th Luxembourg requirements and provides excellent pump lubrication with no derating of the pump.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aGas well drilling$xEnvironmental aspects.
=650  \0$aGas well drilling$xGovernment policy$zUnited States.
=650  \0$aHydraulic fracturing$xEnvironmental aspects.
=650  \0$aHydraulic fracturing$xGovernment policy$zUnited States.
=650  \0$aHydraulic.
=650  \0$aFire resistance.
=650  \0$aMining.
=650  \0$aCorrosion.
=650  \0$aLuxembourg Report.
=650  \0$aEcology.
=650  \0$aStability.
=650  \0$aToxicology.
=650  14$aHydraulic.
=650  24$aMining.
=650  24$aFluid.
=650  24$aLuxembourg Report.
=650  24$aCorrosion.
=650  24$aStability.
=650  24$aFire resistance.
=650  24$aEuropean.
=650  24$aHFA.
=650  24$aHFB.
=650  24$aHFC.
=650  24$aHFD.
=650  24$aToxicology.
=650  24$aEcology.
=700  1\$aHertel, Guenter,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 8, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2011$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102365.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102367
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102367$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102367$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH2481
=082  04$a690/.15$223
=100  1\$aSvinning, K.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aOptimization of Production Conditions in Cement Mill to Achieve Optimal Cement Properties at Early Ages /$cK. Svinning, A. Høskuldsson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (18 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aA statistical model was evaluated for predicting the two properties of cement, setting time and the amount of water required to achieve standard consistency, from the production conditions in a cement mill. The evaluation was performed by the application of partial least square regression. The observation X-matrix was partitioned into two sub-matrices, one containing observed component compositions in the cement samples and the other containing observed process conditions. A model for predicting potential properties of the process condition was then evaluated. Potential setting time and potential amount of water required to achieve standard consistency were predicted from the observed variation in the process variables only. The component composition was kept constant and equal to their mean values. The predictions explained significant variation in both properties. Sensitivity analysis based on simulation, optimization, and prediction made it possible to study the influence of the grinding process on the properties. The characteristics of the cement like the superficial microstructure from thermogravimetric analysis were included in the investigation to explain more mechanistically or chemically the variation in the properties.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aConcrete$xMechanical properties.
=650  \0$aMicrostructure.
=650  \0$aPrediction.
=650  \0$aProperties.
=650  \0$aPortland cement.
=650  14$aPortland cement.
=650  24$aMicrostructure.
=650  24$aProperties.
=650  24$aPrediction.
=650  24$aPLS.
=700  1\$aHøskuldsson, A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102367.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102370
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102370$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102370$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQE391.Z5
=082  04$a549.68$223
=100  1\$aSvinning, Ketil,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPrediction of Potential Compressive Strength of Portland Clinker from Production Conditions in Cement Kiln /$cKetil Svinning, Agnar Høskuldsson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (17 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b21
=520  3\$aStatistical models for prediction of potential compressive strength up to 28 days of Portland clinker from production conditions in a cement kiln have been evaluated. The potential compressive strength of clinker was predicted from the mineralogy part of the microstructure of cement. The mineralogy of the clinker was characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRDA) and the potential compressive strength was predicted from XRD-patterns of two selected 2θ ranges. The statistical method applied for evaluating the prediction models was partial least square regression (PLS). The influence of the production variables was examined by sensitivity analysis using simulation by optimization of variation, and prediction. Significant minimum and maximum strength at 1 and 28 days, respectively, was achieved by optimizing the production condition. The influence of production conditions alone on the strength at 28 days was higher than on the strength at 1 day. The methodology demonstrated is not limited to strength (which is easily measured directly), but it is also applicable to other more difficult/expensive achievable performance parameters that may beneficially be optimized via prediction from cement characteristics before actually documenting it for the most promising final products.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMineralogy $vHandbooks, manuals, etc.
=650  \0$aNATURE$xRocks & Minerals.
=650  \0$aCement kiln.
=650  \0$aPortland clinker.
=650  \0$aMineralogy.
=650  14$aPotential compressive strength.
=650  24$aPortland clinker.
=650  24$aMineralogy.
=650  24$aCement kiln.
=700  1\$aHøskuldsson, Agnar,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102370.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102392
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102392$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102392$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRS201.A42
=082  04$a615/.6$223
=100  1\$aWright, Jaime L.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDrug Delivery Properties of Six Nebulizer Systems /$cJaime L. Wright, Carolyn L. Bouma, Neal S. Latman.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b14
=520  3\$aObjectives—nebulizers offer quick and efficient drug delivery to the lungs. The purpose of this study is to characterize six nebulizer systems. Some important aspects of nebulization studied are drug content and concentration, reservoir solution temperature during nebulization, and nebulization time. Methods—four jet nebulizer-compressor systems, with the same jet nebulizer model, and two ultrasonic nebulizer systems were characterized in this study. Drug content/concentration for each nebulizer was analyzed with two concentrations (1.25 and 0.63 mg) of albuterol sulfate. UV/visible spectrophotometry was utilized to determine reservoir drug content and concentration. Reservoir temperature measurements were taken with a temperature probe. Results—for the 1.25-mg dosage form of the drug, the compressor-driven systems had the least amount of decrease in reservoir drug content while the ultrasonic nebulizer had the greatest amount of decrease in reservoir drug content. All of the nebulizers, except for one compressor-driven system, had equivalent amounts of drug remaining in the reservoir for the 0.63-mg drug dosage form. The compressor-driven and ultrasonic systems had an increase in drug concentration for both forms of the drug. However, a decrease occurred in the ultrasonic system with the 0.63-mg dosage form of the drug. The reservoir temperature decreased in most of the compressor-driven systems while the temperature increased in the ultrasonic systems. The quickest nebulization time was seen in the ultrasonic systems. Conclusions—the ultrasonic nebulizer is the most efficient in nebulizing the greatest amount of medication in the least amount of time, while the compressor-driven systems are the least efficient in nebulizing the medication and require a greater nebulization time.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAerosol therapy.
=650  \0$aAerosols.
=650  \0$aAdministration, Inhalation.
=650  \0$aRespiratory Physiological Phenomena.
=650  \0$aUltrasonic.
=650  \0$aAerosol.
=650  \0$aNebulizer system.
=650  \0$aNebulization.
=650  \0$aNebulizer.
=650  14$aNebulizer.
=650  24$aNebulizer system.
=650  24$aNebulization.
=650  24$aUltrasonic.
=650  24$aAerosol.
=700  1\$aBouma, Carolyn L.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLatman, Neal S.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102392.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102400
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102400$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102400$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA417.6
=082  04$a620.1/123$223
=100  1\$aWu, Ming H.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCrystallographic Study of Superelastic Deformation of Nitinol /$cMing H. Wu, Xiao-Yan Gong, Shengcheng Mao, Xiaodong Han.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b15
=520  3\$aLimitations of finite element analysis (FEA) in providing accurate localized stress and strain information in superelastic nitinol are well recognized. Understanding the parent texture and the crystallography of stress-induced martensitic transformation holds the key to bridge the gap between continuum mechanics and the microscopic stress-strain condition imposed by the phase transformation in understanding the deformation mechanism of this complex material. A scanning electron microscope equipped with an electron beam back scatter diffraction detector is a powerful tool that can extract microscopic crystallographic information from bulk specimens. The technique has been employed to study the crystallography of stress-induced martensitic transformation during tensile and bend deformations of superelastic nitinol. The results suggest that for tensile deformation, the transformation variants of stress-induced martensite (SIM) inside the Lüders band follow maximum shear stress along the martensite shape change direction. The observation also confirms that the SIM transformation is incomplete, leaving a significant amount of retained B2 parent phase inside the Lüders band. As tensile deformation proceeds, the Lüders band propagates by nucleating new martensite plates instead of by thickening of the existing martensite variants. For bend deformation, SIM appears to transform much easier in the tension side than in the compression side, confirming previous studies on the asymmetrical tension-compression property in superelastic nitinol materials. Lastly, the local stress field at the tip of martensite plate has been computed by finite element (FEA) simulation based on the observed martensite morphology. The implication on local stress field and plasticity provides a rationalization in explaining why nitinol fatigue life appears to be insensitive to the mean strain effect.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aDeformations (Mechanics)
=650  \0$aFracture mechanics.
=650  \0$aMechanica.
=650  \0$aPlastizität.
=650  \0$aFinite element analysis (FEA)
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aTexture.
=650  \0$aNitinol.
=650  \0$aDeformation.
=650  \0$aStress-strain.
=650  \0$aSuperelasticity.
=650  14$aNiTi.
=650  24$aNitinol.
=650  24$aSuperelasticity.
=650  24$aStress-induced martensite (SIM)
=650  24$aTexture.
=650  24$aDeformation.
=650  24$aStress-strain.
=650  24$aFinite element analysis (FEA)
=650  24$aFatigue.
=700  1\$aGong, Xiao-Yan,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMao, Shengcheng,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHan, Xiaodong,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102400.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102403
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102403$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102403$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA706
=082  04$a624.1/5132$223
=100  1\$aLucon, Enrico,$eauthor.
=245  10$aApplication of Advanced Master Curve Approaches to the EURO Fracture Toughness Data Set /$cEnrico Lucon, Marc Scibetta.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aThe so-called EURO data set is the largest set ever assembled, consisting of fracture toughness results obtained in the ductile-to-brittle transition region. It was the outcome of a large project, sponsored by the European Union, which involved ten European laboratories in the second half of the 1990s. Several post-project investigations have identified one of the blocks from which specimens were extracted (block SX9) as macroscopically inhomogeneous and significantly tougher than the remaining blocks. In this paper, the variability of block SX9 has been investigated using the conventional master curve (MC) methodology and some recent MC extensions, namely, the SINTAP (structural integrity assessment procedure) lower tail, the single point estimation, the bi-modal MC, and the multi-modal MC. The basic MC method is intended for macroscopically homogeneous ferritic steels only, and the alternative approaches have been developed for the investigation of inhomogeneous materials. Therefore, these methods can be used to study the behavior of block SX9 within the EURO data set. It has been found that the bi-modal and multi-modal MC approaches are quite effective in detecting the “anomaly” represented by block SX9 but only when analyses are performed on data sets of comparable size.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aRocks$xFracture.
=650  \0$aRock mechanics.
=650  \0$aFluid dynamics.
=650  14$aEURO data set.
=650  24$aDuctile-to-brittle transition region.
=650  24$aMacroscopic inhomogeneity.
=650  24$aMaster curve extensions.
=650  24$aSINTAP lower tail.
=650  24$aSingle point estimation.
=650  24$aBi-modal master curve.
=650  24$aMulti-modal master curve.
=700  1\$aScibetta, Marc,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102403.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102406
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102406$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102406$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA684
=082  04$a624.1/821$223
=100  1\$aŞahmaran, Mustafa,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAssessing the Durability of Engineered Cementitious Composites Under Freezing and Thawing Cycles /$cMustafa Şahmaran, Mohamed Lachemi, Victor C. Li.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b41
=520  3\$aThis paper reports the durability performance of non-air-entrained engineered cementitious composites (ECC) when subjected to freezing and thawing cycles. ECC is a newly developed, high-performance, fiber-reinforced, cementitious composite with substantial benefits both in terms of high ductility under uniaxial tensile loading and improved durability due to intrinsically tight crack width of less than 100 μm. To evaluate the frost durability of ECC, freezing and thawing testing in accordance with ASTM C666 Procedure A was conducted. The mass loss, pulse velocity change, and flexural parameters (ultimate deflection and flexural strength) of specimens subjected to freezing and thawing cycles were determined in the test. In addition, air-void parameters, in accordance with ASTM C457, modified point count method, and pore size distribution obtained by mercury intrusion porosimetry technique were studied. To analyze the influence of micro-fibers and high tensile strain capacity on the freezing and thawing durability of ECC, all of the above-mentioned properties were also investigated for a control ECC matrix (ECC without fibers). After 210 cycles of freezing and thawing, the control ECC matrix specimens were severely deteriorated, requiring removal from the test, but still exhibited better performance than the conventional non-air-entrained concrete, which would fail at much earlier cycles. On the other hand, ECC with fibers without air-entrainment had excellent resistance to cycles of freezing and thawing with minimal reduction in ultimate tensile strength and ductility. The observed superior frost durability of ECC over control ECC matrix in terms of lower weight loss, pulse velocity change, and higher flexural load and ductility can be attributed to the following reasons: Increase of pore volume larger than approximately 0.30 μm in diameter, intrinsically high tensile ductility and strength due to the presence of micro-poly-vinyl-alcohol fibers.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSteel$xDuctility.
=650  \0$aStructural frames.
=650  \0$aStructural stability.
=650  \0$aFlexural strength.
=650  \0$aDuctility.
=650  14$aEngineered cementitious composites (ECC)
=650  24$aDuctility.
=650  24$aFlexural strength.
=650  24$aECC under freezing and thawing cycles.
=700  1\$aLachemi, Mohamed,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLi, Victor C.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102406.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102412
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102412$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102412$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRM184.5
=082  04$a615.892$223
=100  1\$aGong, X.-Y.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFatigue to Fracture :$bAn Informative, Fast, and Reliable Approach for Assessing Medical Implant Durability /$cX.-Y. Gong, D. J. Chwirut, M. R. Mitchell, B. D. Choules.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b10
=520  3\$aThis paper compares the differences between the “test to success” and “test to fracture” paradigms for medical implant durability assessment. It recognizes that test to success can be one of the tests within test to fracture, in addition to a series of shorter cycle, higher force/deformation tests. In addition, by “testing to fracture,” one can validate the fatigue analysis capability, learn the consequences of in vitro fractures, and provide information that can either be used for product improvement or for clinicians to make life-saving decisions.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAcupuncture.
=650  \0$aChronic fatigue syndrome$xTreatment.
=650  \0$aPain$xTreatment.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aFracture.
=650  \0$aMedical implant.
=650  \0$aDurability.
=650  14$aFatigue.
=650  24$aDurability.
=650  24$aFracture.
=650  24$aMedical implant.
=650  24$aFEA.
=700  1\$aChwirut, D. J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMitchell, M. R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aChoules, B. D.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102412.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102414
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102414$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102414$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP248.27.P55
=082  04$a662/.66$223
=100  1\$aAgarwal, Avinash Kumar,$eauthor.
=245  10$aExperimental Investigations of Preheated Jatropha Oil Fuelled Direct Injection Compression Ignition Engine—Part 1 :$bPerformance, Emission, and Combustion Characteristics /$cAvinash Kumar Agarwal, Atul Dhar.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b24
=520  3\$aVegetable oils demonstrate several problems as fuel for compression ignition engines due to their high viscosity and low volatility characteristics. Viscosity can be brought down by heating or blending them with mineral diesel. In the first part of the present investigations, a novel method of preheating straight vegetable oils with the waste heat of the engine exhaust is presented. Experimental investigations were carried out for combustion, performance, and emission properties of preheated and unhealed jatropha oil in a direct injection engine at different loads at constant engine speed (1500 r/min). Brake specific fuel consumption and exhaust gas temperatures for preheated jatropha oil were found to be higher compared to mineral diesel. Thermal efficiency was lower for preheated jatropha oil compared to mineral diesel. The vegetable oil preheating reduced the CO2, CO, and HC emissions but increased the NOx emissions. Analysis of cylinder pressure rise, heat release rate, and cumulative heat release was carried out. Preheated jatropha oil shows lower combustion delay but slower heat release rate compared to mineral diesel. Combustion duration for both preheated and unheated jatropha oils is higher than mineral diesel, but heating was found to increase the combustion duration of jatropha oil. Maximum in-cylinder pressure was observed for mineral diesel for higher load conditions, but at lower load, relatively higher peak cylinder pressure was obtained with preheated jatropha oil. Detailed combustion analysis suggests that preheated jatropha oil gives identical combustion as that of mineral diesel. Hence, waste heat of exhaust gas can be effectively utilized to preheat the jatropha oil for improving its combustion properties as a diesel engine fuel.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aJatropha$xBiotechnology.
=650  \0$aPlant cell biotechnology.
=650  \0$aBiomass energy.
=650  \0$aJatropha.
=650  \0$aRate of heat release.
=650  \0$aPreheating.
=650  \0$aCombustion analysis.
=650  14$aJatropha.
=650  24$aPreheating.
=650  24$aPerformance and emissions.
=650  24$aCombustion analysis.
=650  24$aRate of heat release.
=650  24$aCompression ignition engine.
=700  1\$aDhar, Atul,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102414.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102415
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102415$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102415$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP248.27.P55
=082  04$a662/.66$223
=100  1\$aAgarwal, Avinash Kumar,$eauthor.
=245  10$aExperimental Investigation of Preheated Jatropha Oil Fuelled Direct Injection Compression Ignition Engine—Part 2 :$bEngine Durability and Effect on Lubricating Oil /$cAvinash Kumar Agarwal, Atul Dhar.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b24
=520  3\$aStraight vegetable oil utilization as diesel engine fuel has the advantage of eliminating the energy, time, and cost involved in biodiesel production. Since straight vegetable oils have relatively higher viscosity compared to mineral diesel, they have to be modified to bring their combustion related properties closer to mineral diesel. In this study, a heat exchanger was used to utilize the waste heat of engine exhaust gas for reducing the viscosity of jatropha oil, and the performance, emission, and combustion characteristics are described in the first part of the paper. Carbon deposits, wear of vital engine parts, and the effect of jatropha oil on lubricating oil properties were analyzed in long-term endurance test for 512 h. The effect on lubricating oil of heated jatropha oil (J100) as well as 50 % blend of jatropha oil (J50) were compared with mineral diesel by comparing the lubricant’s density, viscosity, flash point, carbon residue, ash content, copper corrosion, and pentane and benzene insoluble measurements after an interval of every 128 h. Wear of the cylinder liner, diameter of piston, piston rings, gudgeon pin, and small and big-end bearings for J100 and J50 were measured vis-à-vis mineral diesel. Jatropha oil fuelled engine first undergoes lowering of lubricating oil viscosity followed by severe vegetable oil initiated oxidation of lubricating oil base-stock and thus the life of the lubricating oil gets depleted in approximately 400 h. The wear of J50 fuelled engine liner is found to be relatively lower compared to mineral diesel fuelled engine.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aJatropha$xBiotechnology.
=650  \0$aPlant cell biotechnology.
=650  \0$aBiomass energy.
=650  \0$aJatropha.
=650  \0$aLubricating oil.
=650  \0$aEngine deposits.
=650  \0$aInsolubles.
=650  \0$aKinematic viscosity.
=650  \0$aOil tribology.
=650  14$aJatropha.
=650  24$aOil tribology.
=650  24$aEngine deposits.
=650  24$aInsolubles.
=650  24$aKinematic viscosity.
=650  24$aLubricating oil.
=700  1\$aDhar, Atul,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102415.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102421
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102421$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102421$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTJ1077
=082  04$a621.8/9$223
=100  1\$aNadkarni, R. A. Kishore,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMultielement Analysis of Lubricating Greases with Inductively Coupled Plasma :$bAtomic Emission Spectrometry /$cR. A. Kishore Nadkarni.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (5 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b8
=520  3\$aA method is described for the quantitative multielement analysis of lubricating greases using inductively coupled plasma–atomic emission spectrometry. A key to this analysis is to prepare a sample solution by decomposing the grease sample through alternate means, such as ashing, microwave assisted ashing, or mineral acid decomposition. Results of an interlaboratory study conducted using this method are described.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBall-bearings$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aGrease$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aLubrication and lubricants$xCongresses.
=650  \0$aGreases.
=650  \0$aLubricating greases.
=650  \0$aMetals analysis.
=650  14$aGreases.
=650  24$aInductively coupled plasma–atomic emission spectrometry.
=650  24$aLubricating greases.
=650  24$aMetals analysis.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102421.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102430
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102430$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102430$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aHD9235.S62
=082  04$a662.669$223
=100  1\$aSanto Filho, D. M. E.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCharacterization of Density of Biodiesel from Soybean, Sunflower, Canola, and Beef Tallow in Relation to Temperature, Using a Digital Density Meter with a Metrological Point of View /$cD. M. E. Santo Filho, F. L. B. de Abreu, R. G. Pereira, J. R. R. Siqueira, J. J. P. dos Santos Júnior, R. J. Daroda.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b15
=520  3\$aIn this article we study the behavior of biodiesel density from soybean oil, sunflower oil, canola oil, and beef tallow, the last one transesterified with ethanol and the others with methanol in relation to temperature with a metrological point of view. These quantities were measured with a digital density meter, one of the Brazilian density standards, in a temperature range between 15 and 40°C. Measurement uncertainty was calculated. The behavior of density is analyzed considering the estimated uncertainty. The density from all the samples investigated shows a linear behavior with respect to temperature.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAgriculture$xEconomic aspects.
=650  \0$aBiodiesel fuels.
=650  \0$aMethyl ether.
=650  \0$aProducer cooperatives.
=650  \0$aSoybean industry.
=650  \0$aCanola biodiesel.
=650  \0$aSoybean biodiesel.
=650  \0$aSunflower biodiesel.
=650  \0$aDensity.
=650  \0$aMetrology.
=650  14$aSoybean biodiesel.
=650  24$aSunflower biodiesel.
=650  24$aBeef tallow biodiesel.
=650  24$aCanola biodiesel.
=650  24$aMetrology.
=650  24$aDensity.
=700  1\$ade Abreu, F. L. B.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPereira, R. G.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSiqueira, J. R. R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$ados Santos Júnior, J. J. P.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDaroda, R. J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102430.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102431
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102431$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102431$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA409
=082  04$a620.1126$223
=100  1\$aLucon, Enrico,$eauthor.
=245  10$aInvestigation of Transition Fracture Toughness Variation within the Thickness of Reactor Pressure Vessel Forgings /$cEnrico Lucon, Ann Leenaers, Willy Vandermeulen, Marc Scibetta.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aAn investigation has been conducted on the influence of the through-thickness sampling position on the tensile and fracture toughness properties of reactor pressure vessel forgings, using material from two actual pressurized water reactor vessels. The aim was to quantify the safety margins entailed by extracting surveillance samples from the 1/4T and 3/4T positions, as recommended by the current legislation. For each forging, seven layers have been considered: Inner surface, 1/8T, 1/4T, 1/2T, 3/4T, 7/8T, and outer surface; for each position, two tensile tests at room temperature and 16 fracture toughness tests in the ductile-to-brittle transition region have been performed. In terms of tensile properties, for both forgings the strength is higher at the surfaces than in the centre, while ductility (elongations and reduction of area) is substantially unaffected. For both materials, fracture toughness is better at the surfaces than in the central portion, although differences in terms of Master Curve reference temperatures are statistically not relevant at the 95 % confidence level. This effect is more pronounced for one of the materials, due to the larger amount of material removed with respect to the original heat-treated forging, and is qualitatively confirmed by metallographic observations. The results obtained from this study are in substantial agreement with similar studies found in the literature, although most authors have reported larger differences between surface and central layers.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$afracture.
=650  \0$aFracture mechanics.
=650  \0$atoughness.
=650  \0$aMaster Curve.
=650  \0$aPWR pressure vessel.
=650  \0$aSampling position.
=650  \0$aFracture toughness.
=650  \0$aRPV forgings.
=650  14$aSampling position.
=650  24$aFracture toughness.
=650  24$aRPV forgings.
=650  24$aPWR pressure vessel.
=650  24$aMaster Curve.
=700  1\$aLeenaers, Ann,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aVandermeulen, Willy,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aScibetta, Marc,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102431.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102445
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102445$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102445$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP339
=082  04$a662/.6692$223
=100  1\$aNadkarni, R. A. Kishore,$eauthor.
=245  10$aChallenge of Analytical Characterization of Biofuels /$cR. A. Kishore Nadkarni.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (18 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b120
=520  3\$aFor a number of analytical tests required in the biodiesels or ethanol-fuel product specifications, the scope of these test methods does not include such alternative energy sources. Thus, it is not clear that these methods are applicable to biofuels without any modifications to take care of the different matrices. Examples are given where the modifications have been implemented in the test methods and other cases where such research and development work is still required before using the methods for biofuels.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBiomass gasification.
=650  \0$aBiomass energy.
=650  \0$aEthanol as fuel.
=650  \0$aFuel ethanol.
=650  \0$aSulfur.
=650  \0$aBiofuels.
=650  14$aBiofuels.
=650  24$aFuel ethanol.
=650  24$aInterlaboratory crosscheck programs.
=650  24$aSulfur.
=650  24$aTest performance index.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102445.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102446
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102446$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102446$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTE7
=082  04$a624/.183$223
=100  1\$aPeterson, Karl,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Practical Application of a Flatbed Scanner for Air-Void Characterization of Hardened Concrete /$cKarl Peterson, Lawrence Sutter, Mateusz Radlinski.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b41
=520  3\$aOver the past 30 years, with the advent of computers and digital imaging, many automated systems have been introduced for the purpose of air-void characterization. The majority of the systems employs a contrast-enhancement procedure where a polished cross-section of concrete is darkened with paint, and white powder is forced into the depressions left by air-voids. The system described here follows the same approach and uses a flatbed scanner to collect a single digital image of the entire sample. For all of the systems based on contrast enhancement, the first step is to select a threshold level. Image pixels brighter than the threshold level represent air and image pixels darker than the threshold level represent non-air (i.e., paste or aggregate). Further digital processing steps may be employed but the initial selection of threshold level exerts a strong influence on whether a pixel in the final data set is classified as air or non-air. A systematic approach for threshold determination has been proposed based on an iterative procedure that compares automatically determined air-void parameters to manually determined air-void parameters from a set of training specimens. The calibration procedure finds a single optimum threshold level for the automated system that is to be used for all subsequent analyses. The approach was tested on a population of 88 specimens with manually determined air-void parameters, with the goal of determining an appropriate value for the number of training specimens.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAir-Void Characterization.
=650  \0$aAggregates.
=650  \0$aPavements, Concrete.
=650  \0$aOptimum threshold.
=650  \0$aFlatbed scanner.
=650  \0$aAir-voids.
=650  \0$aContrast enhancement.
=650  14$aAir-voids.
=650  24$aFlatbed scanner.
=650  24$aContrast enhancement.
=650  24$aOptimum threshold.
=700  1\$aSutter, Lawrence,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRadlinski, Mateusz,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102446.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102448
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102448$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102448$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK145
=082  04$a621.3$223
=100  1\$aSrinivasan, S.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aUse of Fiber Optic and Electrical Resistance Sensors for Monitoring Moisture Movement in Building Stones Subjected to Simulated Climatic Conditions /$cS. Srinivasan, P. A. M. Basheer, B. J. Smith, M. Gomez-Heras, K. T. V. Grattan, T. Sun.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b17
=520  3\$aMoisture is critical to the weathering of stone buildings and almost all weathering processes in building stones are influenced by the presence of moisture—especially the cyclic process of repeated ingress and egress of moisture that promotes their decay. Therefore, monitoring the moisture distribution in building stones is essential in understanding the material behaviour and degradation mechanisms associated with stone decay. In this study two real-time monitoring systems, viz. fiber optic sensor probe for relative humidity and electrical resistance sensors are compared by placing them, together with commercially available thermistors and humidity probe, at different depths in a limestone block in order to characterise patterns of moisture and temperature changes with depth from the exposure surface. This surface was then exposed to simulated wetting by a water spray, short-term cycles of heating and cooling beneath an infrared lamp to mimic solar radiation, and an intermittent air flow across the surface of the block. The experiment was conducted within an environmental chamber that kept ambient air temperature at 20°C. Results indicate that variations in external environmental factors, such as wind and intermittent heating cycles, can significantly affect the temperature and moisture variations in building stones.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aelectrical resistance.
=650  \0$aElectric resistance.
=650  \0$aMoisture.
=650  \0$aTemperature.
=650  \0$aMonitoring.
=650  \0$aFiber optic sensors.
=650  \0$aMicro-environment.
=650  \0$aMoisture transport.
=650  \0$aStone decay.
=650  14$aMoisture transport.
=650  24$aElectrical resistance sensors.
=650  24$aFiber optic sensors.
=650  24$aMicro-environment.
=650  24$aStone decay.
=650  24$aMonitoring.
=650  24$aTemperature.
=650  24$aMoisture.
=700  1\$aBasheer, P. A. M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSmith, B. J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGomez-Heras, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGrattan, K. T. V.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSun, T.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102448.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102449
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102449$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102449$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.9.C6
=082  04$a624.1/8$223
=100  1\$aWilliams, Erin M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aConstitutive Property Behavior of Type N and Type S Mortars /$cErin M. Williams, Stephen A. Akers, Rebecca P. Berger, Paul A. Reed.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b10
=520  3\$aAn extensive program of quasi-static mechanical property tests was conducted to characterize the mechanical behavior of type N and type S mortars under various stress and strain boundary conditions to decide which mortar to use in the construction of triple-brick and brick-over-block walls. The material characterization effort consisted of hydrostatic compression, unconfined compression, triaxial compression, direct pull, reduced triaxial extension, and uniaxial strain tests. The results from all of the quasi-static tests provided the mechanical properties required for determining which mortar to use in the construction of target walls for projectile perforation experiments as well as the constitutive model coefficients for numerical simulations of these experiments. This paper provides a summary of the mechanical property test results obtained for type N and type S mortars and the rational for using type S mortar in the construction of triple-brick and brick-over-block walls.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$amechanical.
=650  \0$acomposites.
=650  \0$aComposite materials$xMechanical properties.
=650  \0$aQuasi-static.
=650  \0$aHigh pressure.
=650  \0$aMortar.
=650  \0$aMechanical properties.
=650  14$aQuasi-static.
=650  24$aMortar.
=650  24$aHigh pressure.
=650  24$aMechanical properties.
=700  1\$aAkers, Stephen A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBerger, Rebecca P.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aReed, Paul A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102449.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102450
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102450$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102450$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTE153
=082  04$a625.7$223
=100  1\$aMao, Jize,$eauthor.
=245  10$aExperimental Study on Freeze-Thaw Damage Mechanism of Lightweight Aggregate Concrete /$cJize Mao, Koichi Ayuta, Hui Qi, Zongmin Liu.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b19
=520  3\$aIn order to clarify the deterioration process and damage mechanism of lightweight aggregate concrete when subjected to freezing and thawing, it is necessary to investigate the effects of lightweight aggregate on the concrete performance and analyze the relationship of freeze-thaw resistance between them. In this study, rapid freezing and thawing tests were conducted on lightweight concrete and lightweight coarse aggregate, respectively. The results of the concrete tests showed that the freeze-thaw resistance of lightweight concrete was mainly controlled by the water content of the lightweight aggregate. The tests of lightweight aggregate produced similar results: The higher the water content of the aggregate, the higher the weight loss and grain ratio passing 10 mm sieve; the lower the crushing strength, the larger the pore volume after freezing and thawing. When the lightweight aggregate with high water content was subjected to freezing and thawing, the pore volume grew larger since the aggregate structure suffered damage from frost expansion inside the structure. Micro-cracks began to form in the lightweight aggregate, then enlarged and spread to the adjacent mortar, and finally caused expansion and damage of lightweight concrete.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$afreeze-thaw durability.
=650  \0$aconcretes.
=650  \0$aResistance.
=650  \0$aDamage mechanism.
=650  \0$aWater content.
=650  14$aLightweight aggregate concrete.
=650  24$aDamage mechanism.
=650  24$aFreeze-thaw resistance.
=650  24$aWater content.
=700  1\$aAyuta, Koichi,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aQi, Hui,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLiu, Zongmin,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102450.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102451
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102451$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102451$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTE153
=082  04$a625.7$223
=100  1\$aKevern, John T.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aTest Methods for Characterizing Air Void Systems in Portland Cement Pervious Concrete /$cJohn T. Kevern, Kejin Wang, Vernon R. Schaefer.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b21
=520  3\$aPortland cement pervious concrete is becoming a common tool for stormwater management across the United States. The air void system in pervious concrete is particularly important because of its effect on stormwater infiltration, concrete strength, and long-term durability. However, currently the concrete industry lacks standardized testing techniques for characterizing air void systems in pervious concrete. In this paper a series of air system characterization tests performed during a field placement of pervious concrete is detailed, and the test results are compared. Fresh pervious concrete samples from two delivered mixtures were evaluated using pressure, volumetric, Chace, and air void analyzer air test methods. The hardened concrete samples were tested for water-permeable void content, water permeability, air voids (using ASTM Standard C457 method), and freeze-thaw durability (using ASTM Standard C666A method). Based on the results of the study, determination of air systems for the freeze-thaw protection of pervious concrete is proposed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$afreeze-thaw.
=650  \0$aconcretes.
=650  \0$aResistance.
=650  \0$aPervious concrete.
=650  \0$aAir content testing.
=650  \0$aAir entrainment.
=650  14$aPervious concrete.
=650  24$aFreeze-thaw durability.
=650  24$aFreeze-thaw resistance.
=650  24$aAir entrainment.
=650  24$aAir content testing.
=700  1\$aWang, Kejin,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSchaefer, Vernon R.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102451.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102452
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102452$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102452$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRG107.5.U4
=082  04$a618.047543$223
=100  1\$aKmack, Richard M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAssessment of Air Entrainment in Fresh Cement Paste Using Ultrasonic Nondestructive Testing /$cRichard M. Kmack, Kimberly E. Kurtis, Laurence J. Jacobs, Jin-Yeon Kim.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (18 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b17
=520  3\$aIt is understood that the frost protection afforded by entrained air voids in cement-based materials is dependent on their size and distribution or spacing factor. The common practice of adding air-entraining admixtures (AEAs) to concretes and mortars demands economical quality control measures of the air-entrained voids. However, conventional methods for qualifying air content in fresh cement-based materials, such as the pressure, volume, and gravimetric methods, measure only total air volume and cannot assess size (i.e., allow discrimination between entrained and entrapped air voids) or spacing. Ultrasonic monitoring may present an alternative in situ approach for these measurements. In this investigation, using matched pairs of transducers, ultrasonic pulses were transmitted through fresh cement paste specimens (containing 0.0 % up to 0.6 % AEA by weight of cement). The received signals were recorded every 5 min during the first 6 h and then every 15 min thereafter. Analysis of the signals shows strong distinctions between specimens with and those without the AEA. In general, the addition of AEA suppresses the peak-to-peak signal strength, pulse velocity, and peak frequency of the signal transmissions through the specimens. The data also suggest correlations between Vicat setting times, heat of hydration, and autogenous strain and ultrasonic metrics. The findings of this research should be most appropriate as a foundation for an inversion process and improved air-entrainment detection methods.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aNondestructive Testing.
=650  \0$aUltrasonics in obstetrics.
=650  \0$aEarly age.
=650  \0$aHydration.
=650  \0$aUltrasonics.
=650  \0$aAir-entrainment.
=650  14$aAir-entrainment.
=650  24$aEarly age.
=650  24$aHydration.
=650  24$aUltrasonics.
=700  1\$aKurtis, Kimberly E.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aJacobs, Laurence J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKim, Jin-Yeon,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102452.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102453
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102453$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102453$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTE7
=082  04$a624/.183$223
=100  1\$aRadlinski, Mateusz,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEvaluation of the Critical Air-Void System Parameters for Freeze-Thaw Resistant Ternary Concrete Using the Manual Point-Count and the Flatbed Scanner Methods /$cMateusz Radlinski, Jan Olek, Qinghuan Zhang, Karl Peterson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b53
=520  3\$aThis research was conducted to verify whether the semi-automatic method of air-void system characterization (using a flatbed scanner) could be used in lieu of the manual (ASTM C457) method. This research objective was accompanied by evaluating the critical air-void system parameters required to ensure freeze-thaw resistance of ternary concrete containing ordinary portland cement (OPC), 20 % of fly ash (FA), and 5 % of silica fume (SF). It was observed that, due to adverse effect of high superplasticizer dosage on air-void system quality (particularly on specific surface), the majority of high slump ternary mixtures exhibited poor freeze-thaw resistance, even if spacing factor was below the 0.20 mm recommended value. However, when the ternary mixtures were prepared with slump below the limit commonly specified for bridge deck applications (190 mm), the critical air-void system parameters of the OPC/FA/SF concrete were comparable to those typically associated with adequate quality air-void system in conventional concrete. Furthermore, since the critical value of specific surface was independent of slump (i.e., superplasticizer dosage), specific surface appeared to be more objective and reliable predictor of freeze-thaw resistance than spacing factor. When comparing the semi-automatic and manual methods of air-void system characterization, a reasonably strong agreement was obtained for such parameters as air content, void frequency, and spacing factor. Although the results of these methods did not match perfectly, the data suggested that the flatbed scanner technique could be efficiently used for discerning between freeze-thaw durable and non-durable concretes.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAir-Void Characterization.
=650  \0$aAggregates.
=650  \0$aPavements, Concrete.
=650  \0$aAir-void.
=650  \0$aTernary concrete.
=650  \0$aFlatbed scanner.
=650  \0$aSpacing factor.
=650  \0$aFreeze-thaw.
=650  14$aAir-void.
=650  24$aFlatbed scanner.
=650  24$aFreeze-thaw.
=650  24$aSpacing factor.
=650  24$aTernary concrete.
=700  1\$aOlek, Jan,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aZhang, Qinghuan,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPeterson, Karl,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102453.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102454
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102454$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102454$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTE153
=082  04$a625.7$223
=100  1\$aLomboy, Gilson,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffects of Strength, Permeability, and Air Void Parameters on Freezing-Thawing Resistance of Concrete with and Without Air Entrainment /$cGilson Lomboy, Kejin Wang.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b25
=520  3\$aThe present research is aimed at investigating effects of concrete properties, particularly concrete rapid chloride permeability, strength, and air void parameters, on freezing-thawing (FT) resistance. In this study, concrete mixtures are made with different types of cement (Types I with 15 % class C fly ash and Type IP cements), different water-to-binder ratios (w/b=0.25, 0.35, 0.45, and 0.55), and with or without air entraining agent. The 28-day compressive strength, rapid chloride permeability, and FT durability of the concrete are determined according to ASTM C873, C1202, and C666A, respectively. The air void parameters of the concrete are measured with air void analyzer, Rapid Air, and porosity (ASTM C642) tests. The results indicate that although concrete made with a low w/b (≤0.35) has low rapid chloride permeability (≤1320 C), it generally still requires proper air entrainment for a desirable FT resistance (with a durability factor of ≥85 %), except for the concrete having very low rapid chloride permeability (520 C) and very high 28-day compressive strength (88 MPa or 12 760 psi). For the non-air-entrained concrete studied, there are clear relationships between FT durability and porosity, w/b, and permeability. However, such relationships do not exist for air-entrained concrete. The FT resistance of air-entrained concrete is largely dependent on the concrete air void characteristics.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$afreeze-thaw.
=650  \0$aconcretes.
=650  \0$aResistance.
=650  \0$aAir void.
=650  \0$aStrength.
=650  \0$aPermeability.
=650  \0$aPorosity.
=650  14$aFreeze-thaw durability.
=650  24$aPermeability.
=650  24$aStrength.
=650  24$aAir void.
=650  24$aPorosity.
=700  1\$aWang, Kejin,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102454.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102463
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102463$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102463$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA681
=082  04$a624.1/834$223
=100  1\$aLey, M. Tyler,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDetermining the Air-Entraining Admixture Dosage Response for Concrete with a Single Concrete Mixture /$cM. Tyler Ley.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b20
=520  3\$aCurrently there is no standardized test method to determine the interaction of the ingredients of a concrete mixture with a dosage of air-entraining admixtures (AEAs). Typically, to investigate the AEA demand, multiple concrete mixtures are made with varying dosages of AEA, and the resulting air contents are measured. This method is not ideal as it is time consuming, uses large amounts of material, and allows several variables to change that could cause changes in the dosage response of the mixture. A method is presented that is able to measure the AEA dosage response of a mixture through a correlation between the gravimetric (ASTM C138-01a) and pressure method (ASTM C231-03) with only minimal changes to the volume of the mixture. This allows the AEA demand to be determined from a single concrete mixture rather than sequential mixtures. Testing results are also provided for concrete mixtures containing fly ashes with various AEA demands. These mixtures are evaluated for changes in AEA demand with water reducer, mixing temperature, fly ash replacement level, and type of AEA.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aConcrete construction$xMaintenance and repair.
=650  \0$aWaterproofing.
=650  \0$aConcrete coatings.
=650  \0$aConcrete.
=650  \0$aQuality control.
=650  \0$aAdmixtures.
=650  \0$aAir entrainment.
=650  \0$aFreeze-thaw.
=650  \0$aDurability.
=650  14$aFreeze-thaw.
=650  24$aConcrete.
=650  24$aDurability.
=650  24$aQuality control.
=650  24$aAdmixtures.
=650  24$aAir entrainment.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102463.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102469
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102469$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102469$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP339
=082  04$a662/.6692$223
=100  1\$aNadkarni, R. A. Kishore,$eauthor.
=245  10$aASTM Proficiency Testing Programs for Biofuels /$cR. A. Kishore Nadkarni, Anne McKlindon.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aProficiency testing programs (PTPs) play an important role in maintaining the quality of data produced in a laboratory. PTPs are a useful statistical quality assurance (SQA) tools to monitor the strengths and weaknesses of a laboratory’s performance. Many laboratory accreditation agencies require laboratory participation in such programs. Two significant PTPs sponsored by American Society for Testing and Materials Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants have been the programs on biodiesel and fuel-ethanol that were launched in the past few years. The data obtained from these SQA programs will be presented and analyzed for the lessons learned and the changes that are necessary in these PTP programs and biofuels specifications.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBiomass gasification.
=650  \0$aBiomass energy.
=650  \0$aEthanol as fuel.
=650  \0$aBiodiesel.
=650  \0$aFuel-ethanol.
=650  \0$aBiofuels.
=650  14$aBiodiesel.
=650  24$aBiofuels.
=650  24$aFuel-ethanol.
=650  24$aILCP.
=650  24$aProficiency testing programs.
=650  24$aTest performance index.
=700  1\$aMcKlindon, Anne,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102469.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102470
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102470$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102470$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA409
=082  04$a620.1126$223
=100  1\$aNeimitz, A.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Analysis of Fracture Mechanisms of Ferritic Steel 13HMF at Low Temperatures /$cA. Neimitz, J. Galkiewicz.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b24
=520  3\$aIn this paper, the transition from a ductile fracture mechanism to a cleavage fracture mechanism is analyzed. Microscopic observations of the domains in front of a crack were followed by numerical analysis. The microscopic observations were accompanied by analysis of the fracture surfaces. Both the influences of temperature and an in-plane constraint on the mechanism transition were taken into account. The numerical analyses were carried out using two different models of a crack: Stationary and propagating. The direct, simultaneous influence of the level of the opening stress maximum, the characteristic distance in front of the crack tip, and the level of plastic strain on the ductile-cleavage transition have been confirmed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$afracture.
=650  \0$astress intensity.
=650  \0$aFracture mechanics$xMathematical models.
=650  14$aDuctile to cleavage fracture mechanism transition.
=700  1\$aGalkiewicz, J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102470.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102473
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102473$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102473$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP339
=082  04$a662/.88$223
=100  1\$aSparks, D.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMonitoring and Blending Biofuels Using a Microfluidic Sensor /$cD. Sparks, R. Smith, D. Riley, N. Tran, J. Patel, A. Chimbayo, N. Najafi.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b22
=520  3\$aDensity measurements have long been used to monitor petrochemical distillation. The density of the petrochemicals decreases as one moves up the distillation column. Measuring the density or specific gravity of biodiesel has been reported to be the preferred method of blending biodiesel fuel for both accuracy and ease of use. To see widespread use, a measurement technology must not only be capable of accurately monitoring a parameter, but it must do so in an economical way. This paper explores the application of microelectromechanical systems technology to fuel monitoring, quality control, and blending. This microfluidic sensor has on-chip density/specific gravity, temperature, and viscosity measurement capabilities, as will be demonstrated in the experimental results. The ability to differentiate between gasoline, ethanol, diesel, biodiesel, butanol, Fischer–Tropsch fuel, water, and air contamination with a density measurement and in some cases a viscosity measurement will be demonstrated. Using gravimetric measurements, based on fluid density, concentrations of fuel blends like ethanol-gasoline can be measured. Contamination levels of water in ethanol can also be measured in this manner. The density of fuel over temperature can be made with this sensing technology and applied to custody transfer. Potential microfluidic clogging issues are addressed by filtration and by adding the capability of sensing flow through the sensor. Measuring fluids under high flow rates is accommodated with a bypass design. An intrinsically safe circuit has been developed to enable use of this technology with flammable liquids. Vibration testing has been undertaken to show that these micromachined devices, with their high resonant frequencies, are immune to vehicular and aviation vibration, unlike conventional density metres made using larger resonating steel tubing.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBiofuels.
=650  \0$aBlending Biofuels.
=650  \0$aMicrofluidic Sensor.
=700  1\$aSmith, R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRiley, D.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTran, N.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPatel, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aChimbayo, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNajafi, N.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102473.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102476
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102476$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102476$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTE7
=082  04$a624/.183$223
=100  1\$aRamezanianpour, A. M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEvaluation of Two Automated Methods for Air-Void Analysis of Hardened Concrete /$cA. M. Ramezanianpour, R. D. Hooton.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b4
=520  3\$aAir-void analysis of hardened concrete is typically performed according to ASTM C457–09 [“Standard Test Method for Microscopical Determination of Parameters of Air-Void System in Hardened Concrete,“ Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol. 4.2, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA], which can be tedious to perform and is operator subjective. Several alternative automated methods have been proposed, two of which are the Rapid Air 457 and the scanner method developed at Michigan Technological University. In each of these methods, images are collected from contrast enhanced surfaces of polished concrete, and image analysis is performed to calculate air-void system parameters. In this research, 22 concrete samples were examined using these two methods, the air-void system parameters were compared to those obtained from the ASTM C457 standard, and the precision of the results was compared to the recommendations of ASTM standard. It was concluded that the total air content and the spacing factor of the air voids measured by Rapid Air 457 and the scanner method were comparable to the air content and the spacing factor measured according to the standard manual method. Considering the fact that the automated image systems could detect air voids smaller in diameter than those typically seen by an operator, it was found that if these small air voids are counted, calculated spacing factors are smaller than those calculated by the manual method. If small diameter air voids are removed from the analysis, then spacing factors agree fairly well with those calculated by ASTM C457 from stereo-optical microscopy.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAir-Void Characterization.
=650  \0$aAggregates.
=650  \0$aPavements, Concrete.
=650  \0$aHardened concrete.
=650  \0$aAir-void analysis.
=650  \0$aImage analysis.
=650  14$aAir-void analysis.
=650  24$aHardened concrete.
=650  24$aImage analysis.
=700  1\$aHooton, R. D.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102476.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102479
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102479$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102479$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN605
=082  04$a669$223
=100  1\$aZaichenko, S. G.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aLow-Temperature Thermo-Cycling of FINEMET and Metglas Amorphous Alloys :$bLast Achievements in Theory and Experiments /$cS. G. Zaichenko, N. S. Perov, A. M. Glezer.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b20
=520  3\$aThe novel phenomena of irreversible changes in structure and main physical properties of FINEMET and Metglas amorphous metallic alloys (AMA) after low-temperature treatment (LTT) (so called ΔT effect) are studied theoretically and experimentally. It is shown theoretically that the cooling process in AMA during LTT is achieved at a rate comparable to the rate of quenching from the melt. Arising thermo-elastic stresses cause changes in the structure of the short-range order due to the drift of metalloid atoms, which is supported by sample oscillations with the eigenfrequencies. Such homogenization of the AMA structure leads to changes in the main physical properties. The proposed physical model of the ΔT effect is verified by structural investigations and magnetic and thermo-magnetic studies of metal-metalloid and FINEMET type AMA.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$ametallic alloy.
=650  \0$aMetallic composites.
=650  \0$aAlloys.
=650  \0$aCoercive force.
=650  \0$aCurie temperature.
=650  \0$aCrystallization.
=650  \0$aShort-range order.
=650  \0$aMetglas.
=650  14$aAmorphous metallic alloy.
=650  24$aFINEMET.
=650  24$aMetglas.
=650  24$aLow-temperature treatment.
=650  24$aSmall-angle diffraction of thermal neutrons.
=650  24$aCoercive force.
=650  24$aSaturation magnetization.
=650  24$aCurie temperature.
=650  24$aCrystallization.
=650  24$aThermal-magnetic investigation.
=650  24$aShort-range order.
=700  1\$aPerov, N. S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGlezer, A. M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102479.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102489
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102489$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102489$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTK7876
=082  04$a621.381/3$223
=100  1\$aTenlep, Lisette N.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCompositional Analysis of Microwave Chemically Treated Biomass Samples /$cLisette N. Tenlep, Douglas E. Raynie, Nancy J. Thiex.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b29
=520  3\$aThe compositional analysis of slurries generated from the microwave-assisted pretreatment of switchgrass, prairie cordgrass, and distillers dried grains with solubles were investigated. The biomass samples were treated under acidic, alkali or neutral conditions at 1200 W and 200°C for 10 min. The supernatants were analyzed for sugars, whereas the compositional analysis of the remaining solid fractions was performed using an integrated scheme based on the Standard Laboratory Analytical Procedures for raw biomass developed at the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. The experimental results show that little to no arabinose was found in these treated substrates. Substrates treated under alkaline conditions resulted in the highest carbohydrate content with the lowest lignin amount, whereas acidic pretreatments with 0.5 % H2SO4 resulted in hemicellulose-free biomass. A minute amount of hemicellulose was still present in prairie cordgrass and switchgrass after treatment with 0.2 % H2SO4 and this amount increased for pretreatments with H2O and 0.3 % H2O2. Pretreatments under alkaline conditions with 1 % NaOH were the least aggressive treatments methods because they retained the most carbohydrates in the biomass pulp while having the lowest lignin amount.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMicroelectromechanical systems.
=650  \0$aMicrowave devices.
=650  \0$aMicrowave.
=650  \0$aBiomass.
=650  \0$aPrairie cordgrass.
=650  \0$aSwitchgrass.
=650  14$aBiomass.
=650  24$aCompositional analysis.
=650  24$aMicrowave.
=650  24$aSwitchgrass.
=650  24$aPrairie cordgrass.
=650  24$aDDGS.
=700  1\$aRaynie, Douglas E.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aThiex, Nancy J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102489.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102490
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102490$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102490$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRA1242.H35
=082  04$a615.9/02$223
=100  1\$aNewman, J. C.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCrack-Closure Behavior of 7050 Aluminum Alloy near Threshold Conditions for Wide Range in Load Ratios and Constant Kmax Tests /$cJ. C. Newman, Y. Yamada, J. A. Newman.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b44
=520  3\$aFatigue-crack-growth rate tests were conducted on compact specimens made of a 7050-T7451 aluminum alloy to study the behavior over a range in load ratios (0.1≤R≤0.9) and constant Kmax test conditions. Previous research had suggested that differences in the threshold regime at high load ratios were attributed to Kmax effects. But recent measurements of crack-closure behavior under high R and constant Kmax test conditions near threshold conditions on a variety of materials have indicated that these tests may not be crack-closure free as suspected. Strain gages were placed near and ahead of the crack tip to measure crack-opening loads from local strain records. In addition, a back-face strain (BFS) gage was used to monitor crack sizes and to measure crack-opening loads from remote strain records during the same tests. The 7050 alloy produced very rough crack-surface profiles. For R=0.1, the BFS and local gages indicated very similar high crack-opening loads. For R≥0.7 and Kmax test results in the threshold regime, the BFS gages indicated lower crack-opening loads than the local gages. Based on local measurements, crack-closure-free fatigue-crack-growth data (ΔKeff against rate) were calculated. These results indicated that the ΔKeff against rate relation is nearly a unique function over a wide range of R values even in the threshold regime, if crack-opening loads were measured from local strain gages. At low R, all three major shielding mechanisms (plasticity, roughness, and fretting debris) are suspected to cause crack closure. But for high R and Kmax tests, roughness and fretting debris are suspected to cause crack closure above the minimum load. A strip-yield model was also used to correlate the data over a wide range in load ratios and rates, but required a very low constraint factor (α=1.3), due to the high crack-opening loads.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aThreshold limit values.
=650  \0$aThreshold Conditions.
=650  \0$aThreshold.
=650  \0$aCrack closure.
=650  \0$aFatigue-crack growth.
=650  \0$aLoad ratio.
=650  \0$aKmaxeffect.
=650  14$aFatigue-crack growth.
=650  24$aCrack closure.
=650  24$aKmaxeffect.
=650  24$aThreshold.
=650  24$aCompression precracking.
=650  24$aLoad ratio.
=700  1\$aYamada, Y.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNewman, J. A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102490.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102492
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102492$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102492$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQA273.6
=082  04$a519.2/4$223
=100  1\$aFujita, Takumi,$eauthor.
=245  10$aRolling Contact Fatigue Life Test Design and Result Interpretation Methods Maintaining Compatibility of Efficiency and Reliability /$cTakumi Fujita.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aIn this report, several methods for both rolling contact fatigue (RCF) life test design and result interpretation are introduced. These methods generate results using random numbers followed by Weibull distribution (i.e., Weibull random number). The first method illustrates a relationship between the minimum number of test specimens and the suspension time in a fixed time test required at L10 and L50 lives with an arbitrary reliability. This relationship is useful to maintain the qualitative reliability and avoid excessive quantitative testing. The second method can clarify a relationship between the given number of test specimens and resultant significant differences at L10 and L50 lives in an accelerated test with an arbitrary reliability. This relationship is also useful to estimate the appropriate number of test specimens based on statistical logic. Of note, calculations employing the Weibull random number can apply to not only RCF life test design but also estimations of the test results. The third method enables the determination of a range of L10 and L50 lives with an arbitrary reliability even if the number of test specimens is too small to estimate L10 or L50 lives from the Weibull plots. The fourth method can determine significant differences of L10 and L50 lives between any two given lots and allow a quantitative estimation of the minimum difference between their lives from data obtained by experiments. These methods provide techniques that are easier to understand as compared to the recent mathematical model, and they show enough flexibility to apply to almost all types of testing. These systems will therefore eliminate the need for qualified experiences related to the statistical design and result interpretation for RCF life testing.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aWeibull distribution$xTextbooks.
=650  \0$aProbabilities.
=650  \0$aWeibull distribution.
=650  \0$aWeibull.
=650  \0$aStatistics.
=650  14$aRolling contact fatigue.
=650  24$aWeibull.
=650  24$aStatistics.
=650  24$aWeibull random number.
=650  24$aMonte Carlo simulation.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102492.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102496
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102496$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102496$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP359.B46
=082  04$a662/.88$223
=100  1\$aClampitt, Bert H.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCalibration Standards for Biodiesel Fuels /$cBert H. Clampitt, John B. Sardisco.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b63
=520  3\$aThere are over 60 ASTM and other regulatory standards regarding the manufacture and sales of biodiesel fuels. These international standards require a number of calibration standards for evaluation of a biodiesel fuel. Some of the biodiesel testing are the same as required for petroleum based diesel fuel; however a number of these tests are unique to the biodiesel industry. This paper lists all the known standard procedures that biodiesel fuels must be evaluated against. It lists all the procedures where no calibration standards are required, those procedures that require calibration standards that are more or less common to the diesel industry, and those procedures that require calibration standards that are unique to the biodiesel industry (e.g., ASTM D6584, “Free and Total Glycerine”)
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBiomass gasification.
=650  \0$aBiomass energy.
=650  \0$aBiodiesel.
=650  \0$aCalibration standards.
=650  14$aBiodiesel.
=650  24$aCalibration standards.
=700  1\$aSardisco, John B.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102496.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102499
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2011\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102499$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102499$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.9.N35
=082  04$a620.5$223
=100  1\$aKoeberl, H.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aLifetime Calculation of Thermo-Mechanically Loaded Materials (Al, Cu, Ni, and Fe Alloys) Based on Empirical Methods /$cH. Koeberl, G. Winter, W. Eichlseder.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2011.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b21
=520  3\$aCyclic loading of metallic engineering components at constant elevated or fluctuating temperatures causes a complex evolution of damage, which cannot be described easily. In many engineering components, thermo-mechanical loading occurs, e.g., cooling components in metallurgy and metal forming, turbine blades, cylinder heads, exhaust systems, etc. At the same time, the thermal expansion is restricted in some regions due to the complex geometry of the components. Therefore, mechanical stresses take place, and the cyclic plastic deformation leads to thermo-mechanical fatigue of the material. A careful analysis and comparison of the experimental results, based on a systematic variation of the relevant influence factors, allow to develop empirical models for computing the fatigue life of thermo-mechanically loaded components made of AlSi cast alloys, Cu alloy, Ni alloy, and cast iron. Based on stress-strain loops from low cycle fatigue tests at different temperatures, a nonlinear combined material model was adopted to describe the cyclic deformation behavior. The simulated loading parameters of stress and strain were the basis for the subsequent lifetime simulation. Different lifetime approaches were tested and analyzed to fulfill the requirements for the fatigue analysis of components made of these alloys. In particular, strain based criteria, damage parameters as well as hysteresis energy criteria were investigated. Also, a new energy based parameter was developed to optimize the scatter band and standard deviation. In order to verify the simulation model for components, numerical results have to be compared, and—if necessary—it also has to be adapted to experimental results from component tests. In addition, the model parameters can be optimized by using these results.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aNanostrukturiertes Material.
=650  \0$aDeformations (Mechanics)
=650  \0$aNanostructured materials$xPlastic properties.
=650  \0$aMaterial modeling.
=650  \0$aPlastic deformation.
=650  14$aMaterial modeling.
=650  24$aPlastic deformation.
=650  24$aHigh temperature applications.
=700  1\$aWinter, G.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aEichlseder, W.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 8, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2011$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102499.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102503
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102503$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102503$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA473
=082  04$a620.1/76$223
=100  1\$aIsmonov, S.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aElastic-Plastic Stress Analysis of Cold-Worked Pin-Loaded Holes /$cS. Ismonov, S. R. Daniewicz, J. C. Newman.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b26
=520  3\$aA detailed two-dimensional, elastic-plastic finite element analysis of a pin-loaded hole was conducted. A thin rectangular aluminum alloy sheet (7075-T6) with a circular hole was considered under plane stress conditions. The hole was loaded purely by a rigid pin to different load magnitudes. Appropriate contact elements were used at the pin-hole interface to transfer the traction loads from one surface to another. Material nonlinearities for the sheet and friction were included in the analyses. Radial and hoop stress solutions along the pin-hole interface were compared in elastically and plastically loaded holes. The influence of friction on the stress results was studied. The locations and magnitudes of the peak hoop stresses were determined. Lastly, an initial residual field was introduced around the hole by a cold expansion simulation before a subsequent pin-loading analysis. Because the cold expansion process involves some reverse yielding, both isotropic and kinematic material hardening models were considered.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aResidual stresses$xMeasurement.
=650  \0$aFracture mechanics.
=650  \0$aSteel$x Fatigue.
=650  \0$aFriction.
=650  \0$aContact stresses.
=650  \0$aPin-loaded holes.
=650  \0$aResidual stresses.
=650  14$aFinite element analysis.
=650  24$aPin-loaded holes.
=650  24$aFriction.
=650  24$aIsotropic and kinematic hardening.
=650  24$aContact stresses.
=650  24$aResidual stresses.
=700  1\$aDaniewicz, S. R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNewman, J. C.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102503.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102505
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102505$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102505$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA409
=082  04$a620.1126$223
=100  1\$aZhu, Xian-Kui,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMore Accurate Approximation of J-Integral Equation for Evaluating Fracture Resistance Curves /$cXian-Kui Zhu, James A. Joyce.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (20 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b31
=520  3\$aAccurate estimate of the J integral is required in a valid experimental evaluation of J-based fracture resistance curves for ductile materials. The fracture toughness test standard ASTM E1820 allows a basic method and a resistance curve method to be used experimentally to evaluate the J values via standard specimens. The basic method obtains J estimates using the η factor method that was developed for a stationary crack. The resistance curve method obtains crack growth corrected J estimates using an incremental equation that was proposed by Ernst  (“Estimation on J-Integral and Tearing Modulus T from a Single Specimen Test Record,” Fracture Mechanics: Thirteenth Conference, ASTM STP 743, 1981, pp. 476–502) for a growing crack and has been accepted as the most accurate equation available for about three decades. Recently, Neimitz (“The Jump-Like Crack Growth Model, the Estimation of Fracture Energy and JR Curve,” Eng. Fract. Mech., Vol. 75, 2008, pp. 236–252), and Kroon  (“A Probabilistic Model for Cleavage Fracture with a Length Scale-Parameter Estimation and Predictions of Growing Crack Experiments,” Eng. Fract. Mech., Vol. 75, 2008, pp. 2398–2417) presented two different approximate equations for the J-integral, which they proposed as more accurate than the Ernst equation. Therefore, further investigation is needed to determine a truly accurate approximation for the J-integral equation. With this objective, the present paper proposes different mathematical and physical models to approximate the J-integral equation. The physical models are developed in terms of the deformation theory and the jump-like crack growth assumption. Relations between the proposed models and the existing equations are identified. Systematic evaluations of the proposed models are then made using a theoretical procedure of J-R curves for both low and high strain hardening materials, and using experimental data from an actual single edge-notched bend specimen made of HY80 steel. Accuracy of the proposed models is determined, and a more accurate approximation of J-integral equation is thus suggested for J-R curve testing.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$afracture.
=650  \0$aFracture mechanics.
=650  \0$aFracture Resistance.
=650  \0$aJ-R curve.
=650  \0$aCrack growth.
=650  \0$aJ-integral.
=650  \0$aFracture test.
=650  14$aJ-integral.
=650  24$aJ-R curve.
=650  24$aIncremental J-integral equation.
=650  24$aCrack growth.
=650  24$aFracture test.
=700  1\$aJoyce, James A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102505.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102506
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102506$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102506$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTE153
=082  04$a625.7$223
=100  1\$aJanssen, Donald J.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFreeze-Thaw Performance of Concrete :$bReconciling Laboratory-Based Specifications with Field Experience /$cDonald J. Janssen.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b17
=520  3\$aSpecifications relating to frost resistance of concrete are generally based on laboratory tests of laboratory-produced concrete. Quality control for laboratory-produced concrete is usually significantly better than what can be achieved in the field, and laboratory freeze-thaw tests generally produce conditions that are not close to any real field exposure conditions. Field exposure testing is also problematic. Exposure conditions are not the same from one location to the next and may not even be the same from one year to the next at the same location. This paper attempts to provide guidance for interpreting the results of field tests of concrete exposed to natural freezing and thawing conditions. Types of frost damage as well as types of field test sites are discussed, and recommendations are provided for the use of field test results to modify frost-resistance specifications.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aconcretes.
=650  \0$aResistance.
=650  \0$aConcrete.
=650  \0$aInternal damage.
=650  \0$aScaling.
=650  \0$aSpacing factor.
=650  \0$aAir-void parameters.
=650  \0$aFreeze-thaw.
=650  14$aAir-void parameters.
=650  24$aConcrete.
=650  24$aFreeze-thaw.
=650  24$aInternal damage.
=650  24$aScaling.
=650  24$aSpacing factor.
=650  24$aW/c.
=650  24$aW/cm.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102506.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102508
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102508$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102508$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQA273.6
=082  04$a519.2/4$223
=100  1\$aRuggieri, Claudio,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Weibull Stress Model to Predict Effects of Weld Strength Mismatch on Cleavage Fracture Toughness /$cClaudio Ruggieri.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b27
=520  3\$aThis work describes the development of a toughness scaling methodology incorporating the effects of weld strength mismatch on crack-tip driving forces. The approach adopts a nondimensional Weibull stress, σ¯w, as a the near-tip driving force to correlate cleavage fracture across cracked weld configurations with different mismatch conditions even though the loading parameter (measured by J or crack-tip opening displacement) may vary widely due to mismatch and constraint variations. Application of the procedure to predict the failure strain for an overmatch girth weld made of an API X80 pipeline steel demonstrates the effectiveness of the micromechanics approach. Overall, the results lend strong support to use a Weibull stress based procedure in defect assessments of structural welds.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aWeibull distribution$xTextbooks.
=650  \0$aProbabilities.
=650  \0$aWeibull distribution.
=650  \0$aCleavage fracture.
=650  \0$aLocal approach.
=650  \0$aWeibull stress.
=650  14$aCleavage fracture.
=650  24$aWeld strength mismatch.
=650  24$aWeibull stress.
=650  24$aLocal approach.
=650  24$aToughness scaling model.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102508.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102510
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102510$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102510$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA409
=082  04$a620.1126$223
=100  1\$aZhu, Xian-Kui,$eauthor.
=245  10$aRevisit of ASTM Round-Robin Test Data for Determining R Curves of Thin-Sheet Materials /$cXian-Kui Zhu, Brian N. Leis.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (21 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b30
=520  3\$aThis paper revisits the ASTM round-robin fracture test data obtained in 1979–1980 by ASTM Task Group E24.06.02 on Application of Fracture Analysis Methods. The fracture tests were conducted using thin-sheet compact tension [C(T)] specimens made of three materials—7075-T561 aluminum alloy, 2024-T351 aluminum alloy, and 304 stainless steel—and different specimen widths were employed in order to take account of in-plane specimen size effect on fracture toughness. Typical experimental data are reanalyzed, and crack growth resistance curves are developed in accordance with fracture test standards, ASTM E561-05 and ASTM E1820-08. Several useful results as well as the conditions under which the two standards can equivalently determine a geometry-independent resistance curve are obtained for the thin-sheet C(T) specimens.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$afracture.
=650  \0$aFracture mechanics.
=650  \0$atoughness.
=650  \0$aR curve.
=650  \0$aDuctile crack growth.
=650  \0$aFracture toughness.
=650  \0$aThin sheet.
=650  14$aFracture toughness.
=650  24$aR curve.
=650  24$aDuctile crack growth.
=650  24$aThin sheet.
=650  24$aASTM E561-05.
=650  24$aASTM E1820-08.
=700  1\$aLeis, Brian N.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102510.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102511
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102511$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102511$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA472
=082  04$a672$223
=100  1\$aDong, J.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMicrostructure and Fatigue Strength of the Bearing Steel 52100 after Shortened Bainitic Treatment /$cJ. Dong, H. Vetters, F. Hoffmann, Hans W. Zoch.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b23
=520  3\$aQuenching to obtain martensite is the mostly applied process for standard rolling element bearings. Isothermal treatment in the lower bainitic range is used as an alternative method to generate favorable compressive residual stress on the surface of components, e.g., in spherical roller bearings. The duration of the bainitic treatment, however, is much longer than that of a martensitic treatment because more or less a complete transformation of austenite to bainite is usually requested. This causes higher energy consumption and a longer production period. Therefore it is desirable to perform bainitic treatment with a shortened process duration. In the present work possible processes for shortening the bainitic treatment of the bearing steel 52100 were primarily investigated by dilatometric experiments. Some selected processes were carried out in an industrial salt bath. The microstructures of bainite were observed by optical microscope, transmission electron microscope, and field emission scanning electron microscope. These were compared to martensitic microstructures. The cyclic fatigue strength of the steel after shortened bainitic treatments was examined using a rotating-bar fatigue test. The results show that the fatigue resistance while maintaining the requested minimum hardness of 58 HRC was even enhanced significantly through the shortened treatments particularly by means of a two-step bainitic treatment. The process duration was only about 25 % of the conventional time. The influence of the bainitic microstructure on the fatigue strength of the steel is discussed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSteel, Bearing.
=650  \0$abainitic microstructure.
=650  \0$aLower bainite.
=650  \0$aFatigue strength.
=650  \0$aBearing steel.
=650  \0$aDilatometry.
=650  14$aLower bainite.
=650  24$aDilatometry.
=650  24$aFatigue strength.
=650  24$aBainitic microstructure.
=650  24$aBearing steel.
=700  1\$aVetters, H.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHoffmann, F.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aZoch, Hans W.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102511.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102515
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102515$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102515$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA473
=082  04$a620.1/76$223
=100  1\$aSchindler, Hans-Jakob,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFatigue Assessment of Brazed T-Joints Based on Damage Tolerance Including Residual Stress Effects /$cHans-Jakob Schindler, Christian Leinenbach.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b17
=520  3\$aThe fatigue crack growth behavior of a brazed joint is characterized by a Paris-exponent that is much higher than the one of bulk metals, which means that brazed components have only a short residual fatigue life after the initiation of a fatigue crack. Therefore, the threshold of fatigue crack growth of brazed joints is of particular importance in the fatigue analysis of brazed components and needs to be understood well. Residual stresses have to be considered in crack growth analysis in the threshold regime. The corresponding effects are explored experimentally and theoretically. The stress intensity factors due to the residual stresses in a brazed T-joint of compressor impellers were measured by using the cut compliance method. It was found that residual stresses are present but relatively small. They do not affect the endurance stress significantly. A concept for an endurance analysis of a brazed T-joint that includes imperfections and residual stresses is suggested.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aResidual stresses$xMeasurement.
=650  \0$aFracture mechanics.
=650  \0$aSteel$x Fatigue.
=650  \0$aThreshold.
=650  \0$aFatigue crack.
=650  \0$aResidual stress.
=650  \0$aBrazed joint.
=650  \0$aEndurance limit.
=650  \0$aT-joint.
=650  14$aFatigue crack.
=650  24$aEndurance limit.
=650  24$aResidual stress.
=650  24$aStress intensity factor.
=650  24$aThreshold.
=650  24$aBrazed joint.
=650  24$aNotch.
=650  24$aT-joint.
=700  1\$aLeinenbach, Christian,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102515.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102516
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102516$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102516$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP359.B46
=082  04$a662/.88$223
=100  1\$aAricetti, Juliana Aparecida,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Simple Green Method for Biodiesel Iodine Number Determination /$cJuliana Aparecida Aricetti, Antonio José da Silva Maciel, Osvaldo Cândido Lopes, Matthieu Tubino.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b25
=520  3\$aA simple and green method for the determination of the iodine number in biodiesel is proposed based on the Friedmann procedure for oils and fats adapted for biodiesel. The reagent solutions used are prepared in water with the exception of the standard iodine and the biodiesel solutions that are dissolved in ethanol 96 %. The method was compared with the procedure recommended by the norm EN 14111, which is essentially the Wijs method. Biodiesel derived from several oils and fats were analyzed using the two methods. A statistical comparison between them shows that both offer equivalent results and precision.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBiodiesels.
=650  \0$aBiodiesel fuels.
=650  \0$aCalibration standards.
=650  \0$aGreen method.
=650  \0$aIodine value.
=650  \0$aBiodiesel.
=650  \0$aTitration.
=650  \0$aIodine number.
=650  \0$aIodine index.
=650  14$aIodine value.
=650  24$aIodine index.
=650  24$aIodine number.
=650  24$aTitration.
=650  24$aBiodiesel.
=650  24$aGreen method.
=650  24$aEN 14111.
=650  24$aWijs.
=700  1\$aMaciel, Antonio José da Silva,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLopes, Osvaldo Cândido,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTubino, Matthieu,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102516.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102517
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102517$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102517$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aHV5824.W6
=082  04$a362.29/8/0852$223
=100  1\$aPant, Mohit,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMesh-Free Solution of Two-Dimensional Edge Crack Problems under Thermo-Mechanical Load /$cMohit Pant, I. V. Singh, B. K. Mishra, Vivek Bhasin, Kamal Sharma, I. A. Khan.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b21
=520  3\$aIn this work, a mesh-free approach known as element free Galerkin method (EFGM) has been used to obtain the solution of two-dimensional edge crack problems in linear elastic fracture mechanics subjected to thermo-mechanical loads. The diffraction criterion has been modified with multiple crack weight technique to characterize the presence of all cracks in the domain of the influence of a node. The effect of crack orientation has been studied for two edge cracks lying on the same face as well as on opposite faces under plane stress conditions. The values of mode-I and mode-II stress intensity factors have been evaluated by domain based interaction integral approach. The results obtained by EFGM are compared with those obtained by finite element method.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$acracks.
=650  \0$aCrack Problems.
=650  \0$aCrack interaction.
=650  \0$aEdge cracks.
=650  14$aEFGM.
=650  24$aLEFM.
=650  24$aEdge cracks.
=650  24$aThermal and mechanical loading.
=650  24$aCrack interaction.
=700  1\$aSingh, I. V.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMishra, B. K.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBhasin, Vivek,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSharma, Kamal,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKhan, I. A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102517.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102521
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102521$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102521$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC595.5
=082  04$a537.2446$223
=100  1\$aVinogradov, Aleksandra M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCreep-Fatigue Relationships in Electroactive Polymer Systems and Predicted Effects in an Actuator Design /$cAleksandra M. Vinogradov, Curtis M. Ihlefeld, Isaac Henslee.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b20
=520  3\$aThe paper concerns the time-dependent behavior of electroactive polymers (EAPs) and their use in advanced intelligent structures for space exploration. Innovative actuator design for low weight and low power valves required in small plants planned for use on the moon for chemical analysis is discussed. It is shown that in-depth understanding of cyclic loading effects observed through accelerated creep rates due to creep-fatigue interaction in polymers is critical in terms of proper functioning of EAP based actuator devices. In the paper, an overview of experimental results concerning the creep properties and cyclic creep response of a thin film piezoelectric polymer polyvinylidene fluoride is presented. The development of a constitutive creep-fatigue interaction model to predict the durability and service life of EAPs is discussed. A novel method is proposed to predict damage accumulation and fatigue life of polymers under cyclic loading conditions in the presence of creep. The study provides a basis for ongoing research initiatives at the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Kennedy Space Center in the pursuit of new technologies using EAP as active elements for lunar exploration systems.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aelectroactive polymers.
=650  \0$aPiezoelectric materials.
=650  \0$aDamage.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aActuators.
=650  \0$aViscoelasticity.
=650  14$aElectroactive polymers.
=650  24$aActuators.
=650  24$aCreep.
=650  24$aFatigue.
=650  24$aViscoelasticity.
=650  24$aDamage.
=700  1\$aIhlefeld, Curtis M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHenslee, Isaac,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102521.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102522
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102522$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102522$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD181.S6
=082  04$a620.1/93$223
=100  1\$aJayalakshmi, S.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aHydrogen Embrittlement in Metallic Amorphous Alloys :$bAn Overview /$cS. Jayalakshmi, E. Fleury.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (23 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b93
=520  3\$aIn hydrogen-related energy technologies, the selection of materials is critical since hydrogen can modify the initial microstructure and induce damage that could result in the reduction of mechanical properties and embrittlement. In this context, metallic amorphous alloys are viable candidates due to their high hydrogen solubility. Earlier studies demonstrated the positive interaction of hydrogen with amorphous alloys. However, similar to crystalline metals, embrittlement by hydrogen was also reported. In order to clarify the role of hydrogen in this class of alloys, we present an overview on the hydrogen interaction and embrittlement, encompassing results from published studies and from our own investigations on several Zr-, Ni-, and Ti-based amorphous alloy systems. The importance of the constituent elements and composition in determining the structure, hydrogenation kinetics, and hydrogen absorption capacity were brought out. The resistance to embrittlement varies upon the alloy system, constituent elements, and atomic packing of the amorphous alloy. In metalloid-free amorphous alloys, the bending ductility and tensile fracture strength of thin ribbons could be preserved up to a critical concentration beyond which hydrogen degradation occurs. The value of this critical concentration was found to vary from a few percent to about 45 at. % H. The mechanism of embrittlement induced by hydrogen was identified from the correlation of the observed changes in structural, thermal, and mechanical properties. It was found that hydrogen plays a prime role in altering the local atomic structure by reordering the nearest neighbor atomic configuration. The structural dilatation so produced was found to be the source of hydrogen-induced failure in these amorphous alloys. Also a “hydrogen concentration versus dilatation” map has been proposed, which would serve as a tool to predict the hydrogen-induced ductile-to-brittle transition in these alloys.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSilicon alloys.
=650  \0$aAmorphous semiconductors.
=650  \0$aSilicon.
=650  \0$aStructure.
=650  \0$aHydrogen.
=650  \0$aAmorphous alloys.
=650  \0$aMechanical properties.
=650  \0$aEmbrittlement.
=650  14$aHydrogen.
=650  24$aAmorphous alloys.
=650  24$aStructure.
=650  24$aMechanical properties.
=650  24$aEmbrittlement.
=700  1\$aFleury, E.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102522.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102525
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2011\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102525$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102525$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA409
=082  04$a620.1126$223
=100  1\$aLaukkanen, Anssi,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCohesive Zone Modeling of Initiation and Propagation of Multiple Cracks in Hard Thin Surface Coatings /$cAnssi Laukkanen, Kenneth Homberg, Helena Ronkainen, Kim Wallin.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2011.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (21 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b32
=520  3\$aSurface coatings are increasingly used to improve the tribological performance of advanced products. The novel coating deposition techniques offer numerous possibilities for tailoring surfaces with different materials and structures. The tribological contact of loaded surfaces is, however, a complicated system itself, and further complexity is introduced when functionally graded coating structures are considered or improvement of specific micro- and nanostructural features is pursued. Furthermore, the mechanisms of damage in such a system are from a modeling standpoint highly complex and to great extent remain an active and open field of study. The focus of the current work is in the numerical modeling of graded thin hard coatings on a plastically deforming metallic substrate when loaded by contact that is typically exhibited during a scratch test. A finite element approach is implemented wherein a coating crack initiation and propagation are modeled using cohesive zone formalism. The cracks are considered to initiate and propagate within the coating and also within the coating to substrate interface. The results demonstrate how an optimization of the coating structure can enhance and exceed the performance of simplistic traditional coated systems. The material parameters of the problem and their significance in terms of fracture and failure behavior are discussed. The results are compared to fracture mechanical analyses and experimental information regarding the problem under study.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$afracture.
=650  \0$aFracture mechanics.
=650  \0$atoughness.
=650  \0$aFinite element method.
=650  \0$aCoatings.
=650  \0$aFracture toughness.
=650  14$aCoatings.
=650  24$aCohesive zone modeling.
=650  24$aFinite element method.
=650  24$aFracture toughness.
=700  1\$aHomberg, Kenneth,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRonkainen, Helena,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWallin, Kim,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 8, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2011$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102525.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102526
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102526$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102526$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA462
=082  04$a620.1/1223$223
=100  1\$aAmargier, R.,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Non Local Multiaxial Fatigue Approach to Account for Stress Gradient Effect Applied to Crack Initiation in Fretting /$cR. Amargier, S. Fouvry, C. Poupon, L. Chambon.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (19 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b23
=520  3\$aAlthough fatigue limits of smooth specimens under various complex loadings have been determined, few models have been proposed to predict well-known experimental results such as size effects and stress gradient effects. This paper addresses the stress gradient effect issue. A new non local multiaxial fatigue approach is proposed and applied to rotating bending and fretting experiments. The proposal takes as a starting point the rotating bending results and stress gradient analysis of a cylinder-plane contact in partial slip sliding regime. Both weight function and “process volume,” used to compute the mean value of the weight function, are introduced in a phenomenological way. The weight function reflects the experimental trend of fatigue limit under rotating bending whereas the connected process volume allows dealing with special stress gradient induced by cylinder-plane contact under partial slip. The proposal shows good capabilities to predict four-point rotating bending fatigue limit and crack initiation of a similar Inconel 718 cylinder/plane contact under partial slip regime.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFretting corrosion.
=650  \0$aCorrosion.
=650  \0$aInconel 718.
=650  \0$aMultiaxial fatigue.
=650  \0$aFretting.
=650  \0$aStress gradient.
=650  14$aMultiaxial fatigue.
=650  24$aFretting.
=650  24$aStress gradient.
=650  24$aInconel 718.
=700  1\$aFouvry, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPoupon, C.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aChambon, L.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102526.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102527
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102527$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102527$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC611.98.A44
=082  04$a530.4/13$223
=100  1\$aZhang, Y.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPhase Change and Mechanical Behaviors of TixCoCrFeNiCu1−yAly High Entropy Alloys /$cY. Zhang, G. L. Chen, C. L. Gan.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b21
=520  3\$aThe alloying effects of the Al, Ti, Cu, and Co in a typical TixCoCrFeNiCu1−yAly high entropy alloy (HEA) were systematically studied. The phase change of the HEAs is closely related to the atomic packing efficiency of the phases. The high entropy of the alloy will largely lower the Gibbs free energy when the enthalpy of the alloys are not changed too much, and the high entropy phase can be an equilibrium stable one. The HEAs can have ultrahigh fracture strength at room temperature and high temperature, e.g., yield strength of 1400 MPa at 500°C.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBulk solids.
=650  \0$aMetallic glasses$xElectric properties.
=650  \0$aPhase change.
=650  \0$aBulk metallic glasses.
=650  \0$aHigh entropy alloys.
=650  \0$aGlass forming ability.
=650  14$aHigh entropy alloys.
=650  24$aBulk metallic glasses.
=650  24$aPhase change.
=650  24$aAtomic packing efficiency.
=650  24$aGlass forming ability.
=700  1\$aChen, G. L.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGan, C. L.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102527.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102529
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102529$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102529$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA472
=082  04$a672$223
=100  1\$aBranch, Nathan A.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aStress Field Evolution in a Ball Bearing Raceway Fatigue Spall /$cNathan A. Branch, Nagaraj K. Arakere, Vaughn Svendsen, Nelson H. Forster.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (18 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b19
=520  3\$aThe governing mechanisms of fatigue spall propagation in ball bearing inner raceways are investigated through the use of elastic-plastic finite element modeling, X-ray diffraction, and the visual inspection of fatigue spall cracks. The model simulates multiple ball impacts with a fatigue spall’s edge in a 208 size ball bearing operating at 10,000 rpm. Ball impacts are shown to cause severe plastic deformation within the spall edge and induce tensile residual stresses. The finite element results are supported by X-ray diffraction measurements and the locations of cracks observed around the edge of a spall.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSteel, Bearing.
=650  \0$aSteel, Bearing$xCongresses.
=650  \0$abainitic microstructure.
=650  \0$aSpall propagation.
=650  \0$aX-ray diffraction.
=650  \0$aImpact wear.
=650  \0$aBearing steels.
=650  \0$aContact mechanics.
=650  \0$aGas/jet turbines.
=650  \0$aResidual stresses.
=650  14$aRolling element bearings.
=650  24$aRolling contact fatigue.
=650  24$aSpall propagation.
=650  24$aContact mechanics.
=650  24$aBearing steels.
=650  24$aGas/jet turbines.
=650  24$aImpact wear.
=650  24$aElastic-plastic finite element analysis.
=650  24$aResidual stresses.
=650  24$aX-ray diffraction.
=700  1\$aArakere, Nagaraj K.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSvendsen, Vaughn,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aForster, Nelson H.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102529.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102530
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102530$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102530$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQM23.2
=082  04$a611$223
=100  1\$aDelacroix, Jessica,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffects of Microstructure on the Incipient Fatigue and Fretting Crack Processes in Al-Cu-Li Alloys /$cJessica Delacroix, Jean-Yves Buffiere, Siegfried Fouvry, Armelle Danielou.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b10
=520  3\$aThe influence of microstructure on the crack nucleation and growth under fatigue and fretting loadings was investigated on two different Al-Cu-Li alloys used for aerospace applications (2050-T8 and 2196-T8) and containing different hardening precipitates (mainly T1 precipitates for 2050-T8 and T1+δ′ for 2196-T8). Fatigue tests have been carried out on specimens with a central hole to take into account the stress concentration present in riveted plates. The number of cycles for crack initiation in fatigue is found to be smaller in the plate which contains larger intermetallic particles. Concerning the fretting tests, cracking seems to be essentially controlled by contact conditions and no influence of precipitation microstructure was observed for the experimental conditions investigated.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHuman anatomy.
=650  \0$aTomography, X-Ray Computed.
=650  \0$aRadiotherapy.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aFretting.
=650  \0$aCracks.
=650  \0$aTomography.
=650  14$aFatigue.
=650  24$aFretting.
=650  24$aCracks.
=650  24$aTomography.
=650  24$aAl-Li.
=700  1\$aBuffiere, Jean-Yves,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFouvry, Siegfried,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDanielou, Armelle,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102530.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102531
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102531$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102531$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTL875
=082  04$a620.419$223
=100  1\$aLequesne, Cédric,$eauthor.
=245  10$aModeling of Crack Propagation in Weld Beam-to-Column Connections Submitted to Cyclic Loading with a Cohesive Zone Model /$cCédric Lequesne, André Plumier, Laurent Duchêne, Anne Marie Habraken.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b15
=520  3\$aDuring the earthquakes in Japan and California in the 1990s, cracks appeared in some weld beam-to-column connections of heavy rigid frame steel buildings. This prompted the necessary assessment of the performance of weld connections in terms of rotation capacity and crack propagation. In the present study, experimental tests were performed where weld connections were submitted to cyclic loadings with increasing amplitude until a macrocrack event was reached. However the crack phenomenon depends on many parameters: The geometry, the material, the welding process…. For this reason, it was interesting to develop a finite element modeling of these connections in order to complete these experiments and perform a parametric study. This paper describes the finite element model development, its material parameter identification, and its comparison with experimental results. The weld connections were modeled by using three-dimensional mixed solid elements. The constitutive laws applied were elastoplastic with isotropic hardening identified for the base metal and the weld metal. Crack propagation was modeled by a cohesive zone model. The parameters of this cohesive zone model were identified by an inverse method with the modeling of three-point bending tests of pre-cracked samples performed on the base and weld metals. The fatigue damage generated by the cyclic loading was computed by the fatigue continuum damage model of Lemaitre and Chaboche, which was coupled with the cohesive zone model.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCohesive zone.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aWelding.
=650  \0$aFinite element.
=650  14$aCohesive zone.
=650  24$aFatigue.
=650  24$aFinite element.
=650  24$aBeam-to-column connection.
=650  24$aWelding.
=700  1\$aPlumier, André,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDuchêne, Laurent,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHabraken, Anne Marie,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102531.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102532
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102532$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102532$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA472
=082  04$a672$223
=100  1\$aStienon, Alexandre,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA New Methodology for Predicting Fatigue Properties of Bearing Steels :$bFrom X-Ray Micro-Tomography and Ultrasonic Measurements to the Bearing Lives Distribution /$cAlexandre Stienon, Arnaud Fazekas, Jean-Yves Buffiere, Pascal Daguier, Ferhat Merchi, Alain Vincent.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aThis work aims at developing a new methodology for predicting the distribution of fatigue lives of bearings versus steel microstructure, namely, concentration, morphology, and properties of residual inclusions in steel. On the experimental side, X-ray micro-tomography and high frequency ultrasonic testing are used to provide the required inclusion characteristics. A physically based model is used to compute the number of cycles to crack nucleation and crack propagation up to the surface. For the statistics predictions, the inclusions and/or stringers are distributed randomly in the bearing steel according to the concentration of stringers provided by ultrasonic data. The distributions of the fatigue lives predicted by the model are compared successfully to the experimental distributions determined by fatigue tests performed on flat washer machines. Finally, it is shown that the model is able to predict the influence of the orientation of stringers on the fatigue lives.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSteel, Bearing.
=650  \0$aSteel, Bearing$xCongresses.
=650  \0$abainitic microstructure.
=650  \0$aBearing steel.
=650  \0$aInclusions.
=650  \0$aStringers.
=650  14$aRolling contact fatigue.
=650  24$aBearing steel.
=650  24$aInclusions.
=650  24$aStringers.
=650  24$aDistribution of fatigue lives.
=700  1\$aFazekas, Arnaud,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBuffiere, Jean-Yves,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDaguier, Pascal,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMerchi, Ferhat,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aVincent, Alain,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102532.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102533
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102533$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102533$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN677
=082  04$a669/.142$223
=100  1\$aKim, Kwanho,$eauthor.
=245  10$aQuantitative Relationship between Degree of Center Segregation and Large Carbide Size in Continuously Cast Bloom of High Carbon Chromium Bearing Steel /$cKwanho Kim, Kyungshik Oh, Joodong Lee, Duklak Lee.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b7
=520  3\$aOne of the disadvantages of the continuous casting process, compared to ingot casting, is the center segregation, which causes the formation of large carbides in blooms of high carbon chromium bearing steel. Many activities have been performed to minimize the center segregation by steel manufacturers, and until now, the soft reduction is chosen as the best way to control it. Large carbides formed during casting, detrimental to the rolling contact fatigue life of bearing components, can just be eliminated by holding blooms at high temperatures for a long time before hot rolling, which is called the soaking process. Therefore it is necessary to examine the relationship between the degree of center segregation and large carbide size in continuously cast blooms for a more efficient soaking process. The aim of this research is to describe the relationship quantitatively. Continuously cast blooms of high carbon chromium bearing steel, AISI 52100, were investigated, and the degree of center segregation was not defined as the ratio of carbon concentration in the segregated region to that of nominal composition (C/C0), as it is defined conventionally, but evaluated with a discrete index by comparing the macrograph of a bloom with the standard one settled arbitrarily for the study. The higher was the degree of center segregation, the bigger was the large carbide, and the quantitative relationship between the degree of center segregation and the maximum size of the large carbide was well fitted linearly with a reliability of 95.9 %. In order to apply soft reduction adequately during casting for the study, an in situ equipment to measure the real thickness of a solidifying bloom was installed in front of the soft reduction zone, and both the degree of center segregation and the large carbide size were improved.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSoaking pits.
=650  \0$aLarge carbide.
=650  \0$aContinuous casting.
=650  \0$aSoaking.
=650  \0$aCenter segregation.
=650  \0$aSoft reduction.
=650  14$aContinuous casting.
=650  24$aCenter segregation.
=650  24$aLarge carbide.
=650  24$aSoft reduction.
=650  24$aSoaking.
=700  1\$aOh, Kyungshik,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLee, Joodong,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLee, Duklak,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102533.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102534
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102534$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102534$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA480.T54
=082  04$a669/.7322$223
=100  1\$aOberwinkler, B.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aImportance of Residual Stresses and Surface Roughness regarding Fatigue of Titanium Forgings /$cB. Oberwinkler, M. Riedler, W. Eichlseder.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b20
=520  3\$aThis paper presents the results of a long-term research program aimed at developing qualitative and quantitative design guidelines for the use of mechanical surface treatments designed to improve the fatigue life of structural components. High cycle fatigue tests were performed on planar four-point bending specimens derived from Ti-6Al-4V pancake forgings with a mill-annealed microstructure. The high cycle fatigue behavior of specimens with different surface conditions (as-forged and machined) in both an unpeened and a shot peened state was compared. In order to assess the fatigue failure mechanisms, detailed investigations of the surface layers were carried out. The as-forged surface state exhibits a stress distribution with significant compressive stresses near the surface, resulting in equilibrium tensile stresses in the depth. When the tensile stresses were exposed by machining a bordering surface, a distinct decrease in the fatigue strength was observed. In such cases, a shot peening treatment was shown to improve the fatigue strength. Square edges lead to a decrease in the fatigue strength, which could be aggravated by shot peening.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aTitanium.
=650  \0$amaterial characterization.
=650  \0$aAs-forged.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aResidual stresses.
=650  \0$aTitanium alloys.
=650  14$aTitanium alloys.
=650  24$aAs-forged.
=650  24$aFatigue.
=650  24$aResidual stresses.
=650  24$aEdges.
=700  1\$aRiedler, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aEichlseder, W.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102534.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102535
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102535$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102535$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH1091
=082  04$a628.922$223
=100  1\$aErny, C.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aExperimental and Numerical Analyses of Fatigue Behavior of Welded Cruciform Joints /$cC. Erny, D. Thévenet, J. Y. Cognard, M. Korner.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b18
=520  3\$aShip structures are commonly assembled by using welding process. Due to the swell, all ships are submitted to some variable and complex loadings. The welding process creates specific geometries at the weld toe where local stress concentrations are generated and also creates various mechanical properties in the heat affected zone. Accordingly, welded joints could be a critical area for fatigue damage. In a previous work, a methodology to predict fatigue life has been developed and tested on butt-welded joints. To go further, the present work focuses on more complex assemblies in order to validate this strategy and be able to estimate the fatigue life of representative naval structures. First, the methodology consists of the elastic shakedown study and then of a post-treatment which predicts the fatigue crack initiation. A comparison between experimental and numerical results is proposed in order to present the accuracy of the proposed strategy to predict fatigue life time of welded assemblies typical of shipbuilding applications.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$awelded joint.
=650  \0$amild steel.
=650  \0$afatigue threshold.
=650  14$aFatigue, welded joint, two-scale model, damage, crack initiation.
=700  1\$aThévenet, D.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aCognard, J. Y.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKorner, M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102535.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102539
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102539$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102539$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aLB2805
=082  04$a371.2/00973$223
=100  1\$aFonseca, Antonio Sergio Medeiros,$eauthor.
=245  10$aQuality Function Deployment Application on the Development of 100Cr6 Bearing Tubes /$cAntonio Sergio Medeiros Fonseca, Osvaldo Alves Ferreira Neto.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b3
=520  3\$aIn 2001, a Brazilian bearing seamless tubes producer started a 5-year-long research and development (R&D) program to upgrade the global quality of its 100Cr6 bearing tubes, nowadays becoming in line with the requirements of first class producers. This work describes the quality function deployment methodology applied to understand the customer’s needs and how the acquired knowledge was used to promote changes and developments in the production process, to improve quality control procedures on the key processes, and to prioritize investments along the whole manufacturing line (steel plant, tube rolling mill, and cold drawn plant). Present customer audits and quality reports demonstrate the great success of this R&D program, increasing customer satisfaction and enabling the company to sustain and enter new markets.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aQuality control.
=650  \0$aBearing tubes.
=650  \0$aQuality improvement.
=650  14$aQFD.
=650  24$a100Cr6 steel grade.
=650  24$aBearing tubes.
=650  24$aQuality improvement.
=700  1\$aNeto, Osvaldo Alves Ferreira,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102539.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102540
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102540$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102540$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA472
=082  04$a672$223
=100  1\$aOguma, N.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aLong Life Fatigue Fracture Induced by Interior Inclusions for High Carbon Chromium Bearing Steels Under Rotating Bending /$cN. Oguma, B. Lian, T. Sakai, K. Watanabe, Y. Odake.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b23
=520  3\$aThe characteristics of the long life fatigue fractures induced by interior nonmetallic inclusions for two types of high carbon chromium bearing steels were experimentally examined under rotating bending. Specimens were machined from the round bars with different diameters. One type was cut from the central area of a thin bar; the other type was cut from the medium area of the radius of a thick bar. As a result of the fatigue tests, the fatigue life of the latter type specimen was longer in the long life region. Crack initiation sites on fracture surfaces of all the failed specimens were observed by means of a scanning electron microscope. The number of alumina inclusions was decreased, and the average size of titanium nitride inclusions on fracture surfaces was smaller for the latter type specimens. And a characteristic rough surface of fine granular area (FGA) was observed in a circle around the inclusion on the fracture surface. The size of FGA tended to increase with an increase of the fatigue life and a decrease of the stress amplitude at the position of the inclusion. From a view point of fracture mechanics, the stress intensity factor range at the front of FGA, ⊿KFGA, was calculated for each specimen by using √area model. Values of ⊿KFGA of both type specimens were almost constant regardless of the stress amplitude at the site of inclusion, and the average value was about 5 MPa√m. That is, it seems that the fatigue life of the specimens cut from the thick bar was improved by downsizing the inclusion area on the fracture surface.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSteel, Bearing.
=650  \0$aSteel, Bearing$xCongresses.
=650  \0$abainitic microstructure.
=650  \0$aRotating bending.
=650  \0$aBearing steel.
=650  \0$aNonmetallic inclusion.
=650  14$aBearing steel.
=650  24$aRotating bending.
=650  24$aNonmetallic inclusion.
=650  24$aFine granular area (FGA)
=700  1\$aLian, B.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSakai, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWatanabe, K.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aOdake, Y.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102540.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102541
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102541$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102541$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA409
=082  04$a620.1126$223
=100  1\$aOberwinkler, C.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDefinition of the Influence of Pore Size on the Fatigue Limit Using Short Crack Propagation Experiments /$cC. Oberwinkler, H. Leitner, W. Eichlseder.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aAluminium high pressure die casting is used to reduce costs and weight of various components in the automotive industry. The main problem of components made by pressure die casting is connected with inherent flaws (porosity, oxide skins, etc.), which can hardly be avoided. Today the fatigue calculation of aluminium high pressure die cast parts is usually performed using two S/N curves—one account for the flawed basic material and one for the pore-free surface layer. This does not provide an accurate estimate for the computation of the lifetime or safety against failure of the component. In a cast component the number and size of pores increases towards the center. As a consequence the fatigue strength decreases. This inhomogeneous distribution throughout the component has to be taken into account for a realistic estimation of the fatigue strength. To do so, two models are required—one to compute the pore size distribution in the component [Oberwinkler, C., Leitner, H., and Eichlseder, W. “Improvement of an Existing Model to Estimate the Pore Distribution for A Fatigue Proof Design of Al HPDC Components,” TMS 2009, Shape Casting: 3rd Int. Symposium, 2009] and a material model [Oberwinkler, C., Leitner, H., and Eichlseder, W. “Computation of Fatigue Safety Factors for High-Pressure Die Cast (HPDC) Aluminium Components Taking into Account the Pore Size Distribution,” SAE World Congress 2009], which describes the influence of the defect size on the fatigue strength. This paper focuses on the definition of the correlation between the fatigue strength and the pore size. The lifetime of a component is defined by the crack growth if the crack initiation period can be neglected. Casting defects usually show high stress concentration factors due to their irregular shapes where cracks initiate. In this case the defect size is a part of the total crack length. Pores can be considered as physically short cracks because of their size of approximately 10–500 μm. The El-Haddad equation [El Haddad, M. H., Smith, K. N., and Topper, T. H., “Fatigue Crack Propagation of Short Cracks,” ASME Transactions, Vol. 101, 1979, pp. 42–46] has been used to describe the influence of the defect size on the fatigue strength. Short crack experiments have been performed to show that due to the shorter cracks the threshold stress intensity factor decreases below the threshold stress intensity factor of long cracks.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$afracture.
=650  \0$astress intensity.
=650  \0$aFracture mechanics$xMathematical models.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aFracture mechanics.
=650  14$aHigh-pressure die casting.
=650  24$aFatigue.
=650  24$aFracture mechanics.
=650  24$aPores.
=650  24$aEl-Haddad.
=700  1\$aLeitner, H.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aEichlseder, W.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102541.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102542
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102542$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102542$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQM23.2
=082  04$a611$223
=100  1\$aShirani, M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFatigue Crack Growth Simulation in Components with Random Defects /$cM. Shirani, G. Härkegård.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b25
=520  3\$aThe three dimensional distribution of defects within a fatigue specimen cut from a large spheroidal graphite cast iron component has been obtained by X-ray computed tomography. This distribution has been used as input for a fatigue assessment postprocessor for the calculation of fatigue life distribution in cast components.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHuman anatomy.
=650  \0$aTomography, X-Ray Computed.
=650  \0$aRadiotherapy.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aCasting defects.
=650  14$aSpheroidal graphite cast iron.
=650  24$aFatigue.
=650  24$aCasting defects.
=650  24$aX-ray computed tomography.
=650  24$aFatigue assessment postprocessor.
=700  1\$aHärkegård, G.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102542.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102543
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102543$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102543$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA472
=082  04$a672$223
=100  1\$aVegter, R. H.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Role of Hydrogen on Rolling Contact Fatigue Response of Rolling Element Bearings /$cR. H. Vegter, J. T. Slycke.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b32
=520  3\$aIt is generally accepted that the rolling contact fatigue (RCF) life of bearing components is strongly reduced when the hardened steel matrix contains hydrogen. Although frequently reported in the literature, a physically sound explanation to this phenomenon has not yet been presented. In recent work on building understanding around the nature of the RCF damage process, we have reported on the development of a physically based fatigue damage model. Here we discuss an attempt to interpret the role of hydrogen on the micro-plastic fatigue damage mechanism on the basis of this concept. In this context, the role of hydrogen on the RCF response has been studied in order to find evidence for and to determine its weakening effect on hardened and low-temperature tempered (bearing) steels. In order to perform valid tests, effort was put in controlling the hydrogen content in bearing components before testing using an electrochemical hydrogen charging process. A number of bearing tests were performed clearly showing differences in fatigue response with different amounts of hydrogen present in the microstructure. The results of testing of bearings with hydrogen-containing steel matrices are given. It was found that increased hydrogen content in bearing steel at 5 ppm (by weight) will significantly promote bearing spalling failure and enhance the formation and growth of so-called white-etching crack systems. This experimental information is interpreted in the light of the physically based fatigue damage model.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSteel, Bearing.
=650  \0$aSteel, Bearing$xCongresses.
=650  \0$abainitic microstructure.
=650  \0$aFatigue life.
=650  \0$aBearing steel.
=650  \0$aHydrogen.
=650  14$aHydrogen.
=650  24$aBearing steel.
=650  24$aFatigue life.
=700  1\$aSlycke, J. T.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102543.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102544
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102544$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102544$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA409
=082  04$a620.1126$223
=100  1\$aScibetta, M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffect of Cladding on Biaxially Loaded Underclad Part-Through Cracks /$cM. Scibetta, E. Lucon, T. Houben.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (18 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b50
=520  3\$aFracture toughness testing on standard specimens in the ductile to brittle transition regime is well established and standardized by the ASTM since 1997. However, its applicability to structural components and its potential conservatism remain a subject of concern. In structural integrity assessment of reactor pressure vessels submitted to an accidental loading condition called pressurized thermal shock, the cladding is generally considered not to play any role and is neglected. However, cladding has the ability to restrain the crack from opening due to its good ductility. To investigate the potential safety margin, a semielliptical crack introduced by fatigue is covered by a stainless steel cladding and specimens are tested under biaxial conditions in the ductile to brittle transition regime. Test results shows that cladding plays a significant role and contributes to an additional safety margin. In addition, cladding increases the potential for crack arrest.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$afracture.
=650  \0$aFracture mechanics.
=650  \0$atoughness.
=650  \0$aMaster curve.
=650  \0$aBiaxial loading.
=650  \0$aCladding.
=650  \0$aFracture toughness.
=650  \0$aTransferability.
=650  14$aFracture toughness.
=650  24$aMaster curve.
=650  24$aPressurized thermal shock.
=650  24$aTransferability.
=650  24$aCladding.
=650  24$aReactor pressure vessel.
=650  24$aBiaxial loading.
=700  1\$aLucon, E.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHouben, T.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102544.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102546
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102546$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102546$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP359.B46
=082  04$a662/.88$223
=100  1\$aHan, Jingtian,$eauthor.
=245  10$aLipase-Catalyzed Production of Biodiesel from Tallow /$cJingtian Han, Patrick Silcock, Martin Bell, John Birch.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b24
=520  3\$aThe use of enzymes (lipases) to convert triglycerides to acylesters (biodiesel) holds potential as an alternative to the conventional base catalyzed processes. Advantages include the ability to utilize impure feedstocks, less downstream processing, and potentially overcoming the requirement to dedicate expensive agricultural land for raw oil production. Lipid sources such as oleaginous microorganisms along with processing wastes may provide renewable substrates requiring minimal pre-processing. Transesterification of vegetable oils and restaurant grease has been studied using immobilized enzymes as catalysts with an optimal temperature of around 35°C. This study investigates ester formation from unrefined tallow at 50°C employing similar enzymes used for vegetable oils. Novozyme 435 (a commercially available immobilized enzyme) proved best at a loading of 2 % w/w based on tallow reaching 98 % conversion after 96 h using methanol as the chosen alcohol, with immobilized lipase from Pseudomonas cepacia (PS-30) (69 % conversion) proving superior to free PS-30 (11 % conversion), and the other lipases barely registering any activity. Immobilized PS-30 was chosen to investigate the effect of lipase level, alcohol reactant, water content of the tallow, grade of tallow, and influence of solvent or a solvent-free system. Results showed that water content of up to 0.6 % and the tallow grade had no effect on ester formation, while enzyme loadings of at least 4 % were needed to achieve a good conversion that plateaued at around 6–8 % water content. The primary alcohols ethanol, propanol, and butanol reacted equally efficiently with immobilized PS-30, reaching 96–99 % conversion, while methanol performed less well along with 2-propanol and 2-butanol where conversion was only in the range of 10–40 %. Transesterification reactions worked best in a non-polar environment with hexane as solvent (95 % conversion), with a higher polarity solvent, acetonitrile, also proving an efficient medium (80 % conversion), while solvents intermediate to these had little comparative activity, suggesting that solubility of reactants and products is a key driver in the conversion. Interestingly, petro-diesel proved to be a better solvent than using either a solvent-free system or a diethylether environment.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBiodiesel fuels.
=650  \0$aCalibration standards.
=650  \0$aBiodiesel.
=650  \0$aTransesterification.
=650  \0$aImmobilized lipases.
=650  \0$aBiocatalyst.
=650  \0$aTallow.
=650  14$aBiocatalyst.
=650  24$aBiodiesel.
=650  24$aImmobilized lipases.
=650  24$aTallow.
=650  24$aTransesterification.
=700  1\$aSilcock, Patrick,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBell, Martin,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBirch, John,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102546.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102547
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102547$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102547$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRK527
=082  04$a617.6/43$223
=100  1\$aSchaffer, Jeremy E.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMechanical Conditioning of Superelastic Nitinol Wire for Improved Fatigue Resistance /$cJeremy E. Schaffer.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b10
=520  3\$aMetallic wire used in medical devices contains small defects that must be accounted for in design to guard against failure. Sites of probable failure are often constituent inclusion particles, pores, or surface defects that behave as crack-like, stress concentrators. The aim of this research is to examine the effects of mechanical overload conditioning applied to medical-grade nitinol wire on fatigue performance. A mechanical overload conditioning treatment comprising a single axial tensile strain cycle of 11.5 % was applied at room temperature (300 K) to nominally Ti 50.9 at. % Ni wires with active Af 280 K. The conditioning strain cycle was applied to both plain wire samples with only process and melt-intrinsic defects and to samples which were milled by focused ion beam to produce a transverse 10×0.5×3 μm notch. Transmission electron microscopy was used to probe the root of the milled notch before and after overload conditioning in order to ascertain microstructural parameters responsible for property changes. Evidence of a plasticity-locked, mixed-phase, microstructure at the sharp defect root was found after conditioning. Samples were loaded in a rotary beam fatigue apparatus and cycled in air at 60 s−1 to a maximum of 109 cycles. The fatigue strain limit was increased by more than 20 % at 107 cycles in the conditioned versus non-conditioned plain wire.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aWire.
=650  \0$aMedical wire.
=650  \0$aNanocrystalline.
=650  \0$aNitinol wire.
=650  \0$aFatigue behavior.
=650  \0$aNitinol properties.
=650  14$aNitinol wire.
=650  24$aNanocrystalline.
=650  24$aMedical wire.
=650  24$aFatigue behavior.
=650  24$aNitinol properties.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102547.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102549
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102549$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102549$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQK495.E9
=082  04$a662.66$223
=100  1\$aSpaltmann, Dirk,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCO2-Neutral Fuels and Lubricants Based on Second Generation Oils such as Jatropha /$cDirk Spaltmann, Alexander von Gablenz, Mathias Woydt.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b26
=520  3\$aFor the production of raw materials, the generation of energy and for their mobility, the industrialized countries strongly depend on the import of fossil resources. Second generation resources, such as Jatropha, grow on arid soils and produce non-edible oils. Thus, their cultivation does not compete with food production for farmland. Oils of such plants are therefore suggested as sustainable, CO2-neutral and regenerative alternatives to fossil fuels and lubricants. The present work establishes one of the first functional profiles of second generation oils with properties relevant for the use as fuel or lubricants in order to validate the potential for substituting fossil resources. It concentrates on the characterization of oil gained from the Jatropha Curcas plant to be used as fuel and lubricant. Properties were determined such as pour point, flash point, lubricity of diesel-like fuel in high frequency reciprocating rig, high-temperature/high-shear viscosity, and viscosities as function of temperature, extreme pressure behavior, oxidation resistance as well as its toxicity and bio-degradability. These properties are compared to those of currently used plant oils and fossil oils. The fatty acid chain length distribution of Jatropha oil was determined and found to be close to that of palm oil. This qualifies Jatropha oil as a substitute, thus releasing the pressure on the prices of food based oils. First tribological characterizations were carried out and are presented here, showing impressive performance of the as pressed filtered pure Jatropha plant oil. In oil dilution tests carried out on piston-ring/cylinder-liner test rigs, the performance of oils processed from plants such as Jatropha are compared to ester-based, polyalkylene glycol based, and hydrocarbon-based oils. Finally, functional properties of Jatropha were compared to further possible second generation bio-oils and aspects of availability and costs are discussed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aJatropha$xBiotechnology.
=650  \0$aSecond Generation Oils.
=650  \0$aJatropha.
=650  \0$aLesquerella.
=650  \0$aFriction.
=650  \0$aWear.
=650  \0$aViscosity.
=650  14$a2nd generation bio-fuels.
=650  24$aJatropha.
=650  24$aLesquerella.
=650  24$aVHOSO.
=650  24$aSRV.
=650  24$aFriction.
=650  24$aWear.
=650  24$aHFRR.
=650  24$aHTHS.
=650  24$aViscosity.
=700  1\$avon Gablenz, Alexander,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWoydt, Mathias,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102549.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102551
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102551$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102551$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTD491
=082  04$a628.1/5$223
=100  1\$aHerrera, D. Angeles,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFatigue Crack Propagation in SAW Seam Welds of API 5L X42 Steel Pipe in the Radial Short Direction /$cD. Angeles Herrera, J. L. González Velázquez, A. de J. Morales Ramírez.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aFatigue crack propagation (FCP) rates in submerged arc welding (SAW) seam welds of 1524 steel (API 5L X42) pipe were measured by using an arc-shaped bend specimen with the same radius of curvature of the body of the pipe so the material did not have to be cold worked to get a flat shape nor extensively machined. The test direction was girth radial and the stress intensity factor (K) function was calibrated for this type of nonstandard specimen. The FCP tests were carried out in air at room temperature, testing the three zones: The base metal, the deposited metal, and the heat affected zone (HAZ). A fractographic analysis was done to analyze the role of the microstructure in the FCP in the three zones. It was found that the zone of greater resistance to FCP was the base metal, whereas the deposited metal showed the least resistance to crack propagation. FCP in the deposited metal and the HAZ behaved according to the Paris law, unlike the base metal, which showed a high data dispersion. The behavior in the base metal was attributed to the propagation of the crack in the transverse direction of the preferential alignment of the microstructure, while the deposited metal and the HAZ had a more homogeneous microstructure.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aWater-pipes.
=650  \0$aUnderground pipelines.
=650  \0$aBase metal (BM)
=650  \0$aDeposited metal (DM)
=650  \0$aPipe steel.
=650  14$aFatigue crack propagation (FCP)
=650  24$aBase metal (BM)
=650  24$aDeposited metal (DM)
=650  24$aHeat affected zone (HAZ)
=650  24$aGirth radial direction (CR)
=650  24$aPipe steel.
=700  1\$aVelázquez, J. L. González,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRamírez, A. de J. Morales,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102551.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102552
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102552$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102552$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA479.S7
=082  04$a620.1/7$223
=100  1\$aSchwartz, Julien,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFatigue Initiation Modeling of 316LN Steel Based on Nonlocal Plasticity Theory /$cJulien Schwartz, Olivier Fandeur, Colette Rey.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b20
=520  3\$aNucleation of intragranular cracks during low cycle fatigue is governed by various micro-structural phenomena. Complex dislocation arrangements and rearrangements have been identified in several experimental studies carried out on cyclically loaded steel specimens. Different dislocation structures, such as vein, ladder, and/or cell structures, have been observed. They are related to an inhomogeneous localization of plastic strain, which is mostly accommodated by the ladder structures of dislocations, also named persistent slip bands. These regions of intensive slip generate on the material surface intrusions and extrusions, called persistent slip markings. The emergence of this rough relief leads to the initiation of fatigue cracks and can be considered as the first sign of fatigue damage. For a better comprehension of crack nucleation in 316LN stainless steel, low cycle fatigue tests and numerical simulations were performed. Specimens of 316LN steel with polished shallow notches were cycled with constant loading amplitude. In situ observations with a long distance microscope and scanning electron microscopy and electron back scattered diffraction analyses were used to observe fatigue crack initiation. Persistent slip markings have been identified. In parallel, a three-dimensional finite element model of crystalline plasticity, named Cristal-ECP, has been developed in both ABAQUS™ and CAST3M™ finite element codes. The numerical studies performed on various polycrystalline aggregates of 316LN steel have shown a heterogeneous localization of strain in bands. For a more precise computation and to introduce a grain size effect, geometrically necessary dislocations directly related and computed with the lattice curvature have been introduced in Cristal-ECP. The first simulations have shown a real influence of the geometrically necessary dislocations on the hardening slope and more heterogeneous mechanical fields.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$astainless steel.
=650  \0$asensitization.
=650  \0$asteel.
=650  \0$aLattice curvature.
=650  \0$aLow cycle fatigue.
=650  \0$aCrack initiation.
=650  14$aLow cycle fatigue.
=650  24$aCrack initiation.
=650  24$aPersistent slip bands.
=650  24$aPersistent slip markings.
=650  24$a316LN stainless steel.
=650  24$aCrystalline plasticity.
=650  24$aGeometrically necessary dislocations.
=650  24$aLattice curvature.
=700  1\$aFandeur, Olivier,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRey, Colette,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102552.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102554
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102554$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102554$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP359.B46
=082  04$a662/.88$223
=100  1\$aRichards, Paul,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAddressing the Issue of Fuel Filter Fouling with Recent Changes in Fuel Quality /$cPaul Richards, Jim Barker, Stephen Cook.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b53
=520  3\$aThe recent introduction of biodiesel blends to the U.S. market has coincided with an increase in the reported problems of fouling of fuel filters and fuel injection equipment, manifested in power loss, noise, vibration, and increased filter changes. However, the introduction of biodiesel has to a large extent coincided with the introduction of ultra low sulfur diesel fuel and changes in engine technology, leading to higher fuel injection pressures. It is thus proposed that current incidences of fouling are not a problem brought about solely as a result of the introduction of biodiesel. A review of known fuel degradation mechanisms suggests that the effects of increased fuel pressure and also high shear environments should be examined as a probable cause of increasing deposit formation. Deposit formation on both fuel filters and injectors has previously been attributed to a variety of sources including: Biological contamination, both aerobic and non-aerobic, water contamination, adulteration with lubricating oil, fuel additive interactions, and biodiesel degradation. The deposits currently being encountered appear to be more akin to the high carbon content particles found in diesel exhaust than those previously described and are frequently found in the presence of deposit precursor molecules. This paper concentrates on the issue of fuel filter fouling, presents the analysis of currently encountered deposits, relates these results to some of the degradation mechanisms alluded to above, and suggests possible precursor molecules in fuels both pre and post stressing to support the proposed mechanisms. It is also shown that existing fuel quality tests do not correlate well with reported fouling propensity, suggesting that new test methods are required to ensure future fuels are fit for purpose.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBiodiesel fuels.
=650  \0$aCalibration standards.
=650  \0$aFilter blocking.
=650  \0$aBiodiesel.
=650  \0$aBiofuel.
=650  \0$aDiesel fuel.
=650  \0$aFuel degradation.
=650  \0$aCarbonaceous deposits.
=650  \0$aFuel filters.
=650  14$aHigh pressure fuel injection.
=650  24$aCarbonaceous deposits.
=650  24$aBiofuel.
=650  24$aBiodiesel.
=650  24$aULSD.
=650  24$aDiesel fuel.
=650  24$aFilter blocking.
=650  24$aFuel filters.
=650  24$aFuel degradation.
=700  1\$aBarker, Jim,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aCook, Stephen,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102554.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102556
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102556$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102556$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP359.B46
=082  04$a662/.88$223
=100  1\$aFaria, Fátima D.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDetermination of Ester Content in Different Kinds of Biodiesel /$cFátima D. Faria, Klaire O. Cerqueira, Glaucia P. Leal, Rosana C. L. Pereira, Manoel J. R. G. Neto.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b3
=520  3\$aSince the beginning of the Brazilian National Program of Production and Use of Biodiesel, Petrobras Research Center has been working in the evaluation of several raw materials for biodiesel production. Soybean, castor oil, animal fat, palm oil, and other raw materials have been studied. In Brazil, international methodologies have been used to analyze biodiesel samples. The existing international methods are not applicable to biodiesel samples from all sources. Due to the variety of existing raw materials in the country, it was necessary to develop a method for the determination of total ester content of biodiesel from any source, including animal fat, castor oil, palm, coconut, and others. A new Brazilian standard method, ABNT NBR 15764:2009 [1], was developed using gas chromatography and a mixture of esters as an external standard.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBiodiesel.
=650  \0$aBiodiesel fuels.
=650  \0$aCalibration standards.
=700  1\$aCerqueira, Klaire O.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLeal, Glaucia P.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPereira, Rosana C. L.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNeto, Manoel J. R. G.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102556.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102558
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102558$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102558$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.4
=082  04$a620.1/1292$223
=100  1\$aDvorak, Gregory,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDevelopment of a Sliding-Rolling Contact Fatigue Tester /$cGregory Dvorak, Marcellin Zahui, Bryce Mitton.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aContact fatigue failure is a common problem experienced in many applications such as bearings, gears, and railway tracks. In recent years, research companies have developed finishing processes that aim to improve components’ contact fatigue life. Preliminary rolling contact fatigue tests have shown that superfinishing processes could potentially improve a component’s contact fatigue life by 300 %. However, before these technologies can move from the laboratories to industrial platforms, more tests are needed to verify the claim. The objective of the work herein is to discuss the completion and verification of a sliding-rolling contact fatigue (S-RCF) test rig. This project is funded by the U.S. Army to assess the real benefit of superfinishing on the contact fatigue life of gears used in helicopter transmission boxes. The proposed tester design uses three rollers around a specimen, a hydraulic loading mechanism, and two servo motors. This configuration of the S-RCF tester allows for shorter testing time, more flexible testing parameters such as any combination of slide-roll ratio between the surfaces, any operating speed, and dry or lubricated testing conditions. Failure is detected with a state-of-the-art eddy current crack detection system, which can also be used to monitor and investigate crack growth for different materials, levels of superfinish, and operating conditions. Preliminary tests on a common gear material (AISI 8620 steel) were performed to assess the mechanical limits as well as the control software performance. This paper presents the detailed development and validation of the tester. It discusses issues involved with servo controllers, electronic gear ratio, and their ability to provide precise speed and slip ratios.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$arolling contact fatigue.
=650  \0$aRolling contact.
=650  \0$aMaterials$xFatigue.
=650  \0$aFatigue tester.
=650  14$aRolling contact fatigue.
=650  24$aFatigue tester.
=700  1\$aZahui, Marcellin,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMitton, Bryce,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102558.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102559
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102559$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102559$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA472
=082  04$a672$223
=100  1\$aLund, Thore B.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSub-Surface Initiated Rolling Contact Fatigue—Influence of Non-Metallic Inclusions, Processing History, and Operating Conditions /$cThore B. Lund.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b8
=520  3\$aA number of competing failure mechanisms are involved in bearing failure initiation. For well manufactured bearings operating under clean and well controlled running conditions, sub-surface initiated fatigue is the classical initiation form. Three mechanisms dominate the concept of sub-surface induced initiation and growth: (i) The well documented slow structural breakdown of the steel matrix due to accumulation of fatigue damage in a process superficially similar to tempering, (ii) stress induced generation of butterflies by a process enabling the growth of butterfly micro-cracks and accompanying wings at non-metallic inclusions, and (iii) surface induced hydrogen intrusion causing hydrogen-enhanced fatigue damage accumulation in the matrix. The development of butterflies as a function of contact stress, over-rolling, and non-metallic inclusion characteristics is presented, and the influence of metallurgical cleanliness and processing history on this progression is discussed. The results of laboratory conducted tests are compared to results from field applications where premature spallings have occurred. The progression from butterfly micro-cracks to extending cracks with non-etching borders has been studied. Special interest has been paid to the interaction between the non-metallic inclusion composition and morphology and their propensity to generate butterfly wing formations, as this may affect the way that inclusion harmfulness should be judged in rolling bearing steel quality assurance efforts. Complex oxy-sulfides are the main butterfly initiators in today’s bearing steels.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSteel, Bearing.
=650  \0$aSteel, Bearing$xCongresses.
=650  \0$abainitic microstructure.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aSteel making.
=650  \0$aBearing steel.
=650  \0$aHot forming reduction.
=650  14$aBearing steel.
=650  24$aSteel making.
=650  24$aHot forming reduction.
=650  24$aNon-metallic inclusions.
=650  24$aFatigue.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102559.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102560
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102560$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102560$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQP609.C37
=082  04$a572/.756$223
=100  1\$aSinghania, Reeta Rani,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPretreatment of Douglas Fir Wood Biomass for Improving Saccharification Efficiencies /$cReeta Rani Singhania, Simone Chiesa, Rajeev Kumar Sukumaran, Juan David Villegas, Anil K. Patel, Edgard Gnansounou, Ashok Pandey.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b15
=520  3\$aThe main aim of this study was to analyze dilute acid pretreatment for the Douglas fir wood in order to improve the efficiency of hydrolysis with an ultimate aim to produce bioethanol. Compositional analysis of the untreated Douglas fir biomass revealed the presence of 63.3 % carbohydrate of which 57.2 % was C6 sugars. The total lignin content was approximately 30 %. A partial fractional factorial design was opted for performing the pretreatment experiments employing sulfuric acid (H2SO4). Acid concentration, solids loading, residence time, reaction temperature, and particle size of feedstock were evaluated simultaneously for improving the enzymatic digestibility of Douglas fir biomass. Enzymatic saccharification of the pretreated biomass was done using a commercial cellulase preparation and the total reducing sugars liberated was monitored. Saccharification efficiency was correlated with the parameters and the best combination of parameters for obtaining feedstock suited for enzymatic saccharification was determined.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCellulases$xphysiology.
=650  \0$aDouglas fir wood.
=650  \0$aCellulase.
=650  \0$aBiomass.
=650  14$aDouglas fir wood.
=650  24$aBiomass.
=650  24$aDilute acid pretreatment.
=650  24$aCellulase.
=700  1\$aChiesa, Simone,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSukumaran, Rajeev Kumar,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aVillegas, Juan David,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPatel, Anil K.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGnansounou, Edgard,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPandey, Ashok,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102560.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102563
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102563$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102563$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA459
=082  04$a620.1/697$223
=100  1\$aSousa, Carlos Caldas,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCorrosion of Fe-Based Nanocrystalline Alloys with Soft Magnetic Properties /$cCarlos Caldas Sousa, Claudio Shyinti Kiminami.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b67
=520  3\$aIron-based nanocrystalline alloys have attracted increasing attention due to their good soft magnetic properties for industrial applications. These alloys combine low magnetic loss, high saturation magnetic flux density, low coercive force, and high permeability, which are important in soft magnetic materials applications. Corrosion not only decreases the service life of soft magnetic materials, creating the need for system replacement, but can also damage the soft magnetic properties of these alloys. This behavior can lead to serious consequences in several applications, e.g., when solenoid valves or magnetic sensors are used for controlling combustible fluids or pressure vessels. Therefore, in the past few years, considerable interest has focused on the effect of microstructure and composition on the corrosion of iron-based amorphous and nanocrystalline alloys and on the effect of corrosion on the magnetic properties of these materials. This paper describes the main families of nanocrystalline Fe-based alloys with soft magnetic properties and discusses their magnetic properties and applications. In addition, the effect of partial crystallization on corrosion resistance is examined, including a critical discussion about the mechanisms reported in the literature. Other points analyzed here are the relationship between nanocrystalline alloy corrosion and composition, the effect of main alloying elements such as Nb, Zr, and No, the effect of corrosion on the magnetic properties of nanocrystalline alloys, and trends for future investigations. The aim of this paper is to review the current body of knowledge about the corrosion of nanocrystalline Fe-based alloys with soft magnetic properties and to highlight the importance of corrosion on the behavior of nanocrystalline soft magnetic materials.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMagnetic Properties.
=650  \0$aMetals$xMagnetic properties.
=650  \0$aAmorphous structure.
=650  \0$aCorrosion.
=650  \0$aMagnetic soft.
=650  14$aCorrosion.
=650  24$aMagnetic soft.
=650  24$aNanocrystalline alloys.
=650  24$aAmorphous structure.
=700  1\$aKiminami, Claudio Shyinti,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102563.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102565
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102565$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102565$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP359.B46
=082  04$a662/.88$223
=100  1\$aSotiroudis, Vassilios T.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Potential of Biodiesel Production from Fatty Acid Methyl Esters of Some European/Mediterranean and Cosmopolitan Halophyte Seed Oils /$cVassilios T. Sotiroudis, Theodore G. Sotiroudis, Fragiskos N. Kolisis.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b57
=520  3\$aBiodiesel fuel, mainly produced from edible vegetable oils, has been proposed as a renewable substitute for petroleum diesel. However, there is growing concern about its role in rising food prices, accelerating deforestation, and displacing existing agricultural production. Moreover, given the progressive shortages of freshwater resources and arable land, a major target of investigations is to evaluate the potential utilization of promising salt-tolerant halophytic non-food crops for the sustainable production of oil-rich biomass, which will be converted to fuel. In this paper, an attempt has been made to look into the potential of the exploitation of native halophytic plants in European and Mediterranean arid or semi-arid lands that can prosper in seawater or brackish waters for diesel production in Europe. Fatty acid (FA) profiles of seed oils of 37 European and Mediterranean halophytic plant species including some of cosmopolitan distribution were examined. The saponification number, iodine value (IV), cetane index (CI), and gross heat of combustion of FA methyl esters (FAMEs) of oils were calculated from reported FAMEs compositions, and they varied from 165.3 to 193.3, from 71.8 to 173.7, from 35.9 to 60.0, and from 39.86 to 40.41 MJ/kg, respectively. FA seed oil content and composition, IV, CI, linolenic acid ME, and polyunsaturated ME (with ≥4 double bonds) contents were used to predict the quality of FAME of oil for use as biodiesel, according to EN 14214 European standard. Crithmum maritimum and Crambe maritima, having more than 30 % fixed oil in their seeds, were found most suitable as alternative vegetable oil sources for the production of biodiesel.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBiodiesel fuels.
=650  \0$aCalibration standards.
=650  \0$aBiodiesel.
=650  \0$aHalophyte seed oils.
=650  14$aBiodiesel.
=650  24$aFatty acid methyl esters.
=650  24$aHalophyte seed oils.
=700  1\$aSotiroudis, Theodore G.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKolisis, Fragiskos N.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102565.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102567
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102567$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102567$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aKF26
=082  04$a353.6$223
=100  1\$aWilks, Dylan,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSynthetic Jet Fuel Blend Analysis Using Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy /$cDylan Wilks.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (5 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aWith recent volatile oil prices and the desire to reduce dependence on foreign oil, the airline industry and military are looking at ways to supplement the fuel supply. Synthetic jet fuel has recently come to the forefront as a possible solution since it has chemical properties and energy density similar to that of petroleum based jet fuel. In order to successfully implement synthetic jet fuels into a fuel supply, it is essential to know the blend ratio of synthetic to standard jet fuel. A portable mid-infrared analyzer was evaluated as a possible tool to analyze the blend ratio. Preliminary results showed that portable mid-infrared analyzers have an accuracy better than 1 % by volume. Both commercial (Jet A) and military spec (JP-8) fuels were blended with different levels of synthetic jet fuel, and calibrations were generated on a portable mid-infrared spectrometer. The mid-infrared spectrometer performed within an acceptable accuracy with both fuels. In addition, it was possible to calibrate using Jet A fuel and predict the synthetic blend ratio on JP-8 fuel, so the calibration was robust enough to compensate for different fuel types. Further studies are underway in order to determine the effects of fuel additives and different synthetic fuel types on infrared analysis.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aJet planes$xFuel.
=650  \0$aJet fuel blend.
=650  \0$aMid-infrared.
=650  \0$aJet fuel.
=650  \0$aSynthetic jet fuel.
=650  \0$aInfrared spectrometer.
=650  14$aJet fuel.
=650  24$aMid-infrared.
=650  24$aSynthetic jet fuel.
=650  24$aJet fuel blend.
=650  24$aSynthetic paraffinic kerosine (SPK)
=650  24$aJet A.
=650  24$aJP-8.
=650  24$aInfrared spectrometer.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102567.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102568
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102568$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102568$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP339
=082  04$a662/.6692$223
=100  1\$aSrichuwong, Sathaporn,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCharacterization of Corn Grains for Dry-Grind Ethanol Production /$cSathaporn Srichuwong, Jelena Gutesa, Michael Blanco, Susan A. Duvick, Candice Gardner, Jay-Lin Jane.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b31
=520  3\$aThe objectives of this study were to understand how the composition of corn kernels and starch structure affected the enzyme hydrolysis of starch in dry-grind corn and the ethanol yield from yeast fermentation. Four selected corn inbred lines were used in this study. Starch in uncooked dry-grind corn samples showed greater enzyme digestibility than did the uncooked starch isolated from the same source by wet-milling process. The greater digestibility of starch in uncooked dry-grind corn correlated with a physical damage of starch granules. In contrast, starch in cooked dry-grind corn samples displayed less enzyme digestibility than did the cooked isolated starch. The difference could be attributed to interference caused by non-starch components in the dry-grind corn. The entrapment of starch in protein matrix and the formation of amylose-lipid helical complexes and/or retrograded starch may decrease the enzyme digestibility of starch in cooked dry-grind corn. Lab-scale ethanol production showed that ethanol yield after 72 h fermentation of the four corn inbred lines ranged between 34.3 and 38.0 g ethanol/100 g dry-grind corn. The conversion efficiency at 72 h of fermentation ranged between 86.8 % and 90.3 % of the theoretical ethanol yield. The highest ethanol yield was found in the corn line containing the largest starch content and the smallest amounts of lipid and protein.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$afuel ethanol.
=650  \0$abiofuels.
=650  \0$aEthanol as fuel.
=650  \0$aStarch.
=650  \0$aEnzyme hydrolysis.
=650  14$aCorn.
=650  24$aDry-grind ethanol production.
=650  24$aStarch.
=650  24$aEnzyme hydrolysis.
=700  1\$aGutesa, Jelena,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBlanco, Michael,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDuvick, Susan A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGardner, Candice,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aJane, Jay-Lin,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102568.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102569
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102569$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102569$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.9.C6
=082  04$a624.1/8$223
=100  1\$aZhang, S. G.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aGlass Formation and Mechanical Properties of Ti–Cu–Ni Alloys with High Ti Content /$cS. G. Zhang, G. H. Hu, Q. G. Meng, J. G. Li.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b20
=520  3\$aA series of Ti–Cu–Ni alloys with Ti content as high as 50–70 at. % expected to possess potential high glass-forming ability (GFA) was designed according to the ε criterion (Xia, M. X., Zhang, S. G., Ma, C. L., and Li, J. G., “Evaluation of Glass-Forming Ability for Metallic Glasses Based on Order-Disorder Competition,” Appl. Phys. Lett. Vol. 89, 2006, pp. 091917-1–091917-3) and were prepared by melt spinning and suck casting methods. The samples were examined by X-ray diffractometry, differential scanning calorimetry, optical microscopy, scanning electronic microscopy, and quasistatic compression test. The GFA of the melt-spun ribbons is enhanced with increasing ε. Ti58Cu32Ni10 alloy with the maximum designed ε value of 0.542 exhibits best GFA with a glass transition temperature of 627 K and a wide supercooled liquid region of 45 K. However, this alloy failed to form a fully glassy rod of 1 mm in diameter. Room temperature compression tests reveal that the 1 mm diameter Ti58Cu32Ni10 glass composite exhibits work-hardening characteristic, with ultimate compressive stress of 2418 MPa, yielding stress σ0.2 of 1448 MPa and about 7.8 % plastic strain. The combination of high strength and ductility was attributed to a dendritic TiCu(Ni) network embedded in the hard glass matrix.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$amechanical.
=650  \0$acomposites.
=650  \0$aComposite materials$xMechanical properties.
=650  \0$aMicrostructure.
=650  \0$aTi–Cu–Ni.
=650  \0$aMechanical properties.
=650  \0$aMetallic glass.
=650  \0$aGlass-forming ability.
=650  14$aTi–Cu–Ni.
=650  24$aGlass-forming ability.
=650  24$aMetallic glass.
=650  24$aMechanical properties.
=650  24$aMicrostructure.
=700  1\$aHu, G. H.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMeng, Q. G.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLi, J. G.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102569.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102571
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102571$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102571$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTS1088
=082  04$a676.0973$223
=100  1\$aDickerson, Catherine M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aBioproducts Process Pathways for Kraft Paper Mills /$cCatherine M. Dickerson, Jonathan Rubin.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b31
=520  3\$aEnergy use in the United States is heavily reliant on imported fossil fuels. Finding a way to produce renewable fuels that can replace these fossil fuels will address national security threats, sustainability concerns inherent in the use of fossil fuels, and keep manufacturing in rural areas. An important alternative fuel for the near term is ethanol, and producing it from a cellulosic feedstock allows the fuel source to remain independent of the food chain. A solid body of research has made it clear that a brand-new stand-alone biorefinery using biomass is not cost-effective under current business conditions. In light of this, we have looked at the economic viability of a co-located facility, specifically Kraft pulp mills in the State of Maine. We have looked at the opportunity to utilize the “near-neutral” extraction process developed at the University of Maine, whereby Kraft pulp mills can begin to meet the demand for alternative fuels. By incorporating the near-neutral extraction process within the pulping process, ethanol and acetic acid can be produced as “first stage” products while still producing pulp, thereby expanding the product line of the pulp mill while addressing the need for finding alternative to petroleum feedstocks. This paper discusses both the near-neutral extraction process and a thermochemical process that can be utilized in a Kraft pulp mill based biorefinery to produce ethanol and acetic acid as initial products. We analyze potential investment and production costs for a biorefinery based on studies that have looked specifically at this type of evolution, as well as cellulosic biorefineries that are based on other types of processes. We also identify potential “second stage” fuels that could be produced, as well as the modes of transportation that can be used to get the fuels and products to the existing infrastructure.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPaper mills $zUnited States$xHistory.
=650  \0$aPaper mills.
=650  \0$aPapermaking.
=650  \0$aAcetic acid.
=650  \0$aUniversity of Maine.
=650  \0$aCellulosic ethanol.
=650  \0$aBioproducts.
=650  \0$aBusiness.
=650  \0$aEconomics.
=650  \0$aKraft pulp mills.
=650  \0$aPathways.
=650  \0$aProduction costs.
=650  \0$aBiorefinery.
=650  14$aBioproducts.
=650  24$aBusiness.
=650  24$aPathways.
=650  24$aCellulosic ethanol.
=650  24$aBiorefinery.
=650  24$aEconomics.
=650  24$aKraft pulp mills.
=650  24$aUSA.
=650  24$aUniversity of Maine.
=650  24$aAcetic acid.
=650  24$aProduction costs.
=650  24$aCellulosic biorefineries.
=650  24$aNear neutral extraction process.
=700  1\$aRubin, Jonathan,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102571.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102574
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102574$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102574$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTD159.C3
=082  04$a660.2995$223
=100  1\$aAnastopoulos, G.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSynthesis of Biodiesel from Tobacco and Waste Frying Oil Using Heterogeneous KHCO3/Al2O3 Catalyst /$cG. Anastopoulos, A. Deligiannis, S. Kalligeros, D. Karonis, F. Zannikos, E. Lois.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b53
=520  3\$aThe transesterification of tobacco seed oil and used frying oil to methyl esters (biodiesel) was studied using potassium bicarbonate loaded on alumina as heterogeneous catalyst. Reaction parameters such as catalyst concentration, methanol to oil ratio, reaction time, and agitation speed on the conversion of tobacco seed and used frying oil were investigated. The catalyst loaded KHCO3 of 30 % m/m on Al2O3, after being calcined at 700°C for 6 h, was found to be the optimum catalyst. The quality of the methyl esters was tested according to the European standard EN 14214. The two types of biodiesel produced seemed to meet all the parameters of the European standard except the oxidation stability. In the case of used frying oil biodiesel, not only the oxidation stability was not met, but this biodiesel did not also meet the acid value and water content specifications.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aheterogeneous solid.
=650  \0$aHeterogeneous catalysis.
=650  \0$aSolid state chemistry.
=650  \0$aCalcination.
=650  \0$aTransesterification.
=650  \0$aMethyl esters.
=650  14$aTransesterification.
=650  24$aHeterogeneous solid catalyst.
=650  24$aMethyl esters.
=650  24$aLoading of KHCO3 on Al2O3.
=650  24$aCalcination.
=700  1\$aDeligiannis, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKalligeros, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKaronis, D.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aZannikos, F.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLois, E.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102574.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102575
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102575$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102575$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP359.B46
=082  04$a662/.88$223
=100  1\$aShah, Shailesh N.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aGlycerol Tri-Ester Derivatives as Diluent to Improve Low Temperature Properties of Vegetable Oils /$cShailesh N. Shah, Bryan R. Moser, Brajendra K. Sharma.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b21
=520  3\$aThe large-scale production of biodiesel has led to a surplus of glycerol, so the new commercial uses of this co-product are being sought. Twenty-three vegetable oils were screened using glycerol tris(2-ethylhexanoate) [GTEH] as a diluent to improve the low temperature properties. Epoxidized soybean oil (ESBO) and palm oil (PO) have shown maximum improvements in pour points (PPs) upon addition of GTEH as diluent. Maximum improvements in PP of 16 and 9°C were observed in ESBO and PO, with 50 and 25 vol % GTEH, respectively. The five vegetable oils (ESBO, PO, sunflower oil (SFO), mid-oleic SFO, and camelina oil (CO)) with maximum improvement in PP were studied further at lower concentrations of GTEH. The variation in PP response to GTEH is attributed to variations in the fatty acid compositions of the vegetable oils. This study demonstrates the viability of using GTEH as diluents with vegetable oils to improve their low temperature properties.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBiomass energy.
=650  \0$aBiodiesel fuels.
=650  \0$aCalibration standards.
=650  \0$aLow temperature.
=650  \0$aBiodiesel.
=650  \0$aGlycerol.
=650  \0$aDiluents.
=650  \0$aVegetable oils.
=650  \0$aLubricant.
=650  \0$aPour point.
=650  14$aBiodiesel.
=650  24$aGlycerol.
=650  24$aVegetable oils.
=650  24$aDiluents.
=650  24$aPour point.
=650  24$aLubricant.
=650  24$aLow temperature.
=700  1\$aMoser, Bryan R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSharma, Brajendra K.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102575.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102577
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102577$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102577$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD281.P6
=082  04$a547/.84$223
=100  1\$aDhurandhar, Heena,$eauthor.
=245  10$aKinetics of Crystallization of Co-Based Multi-Component Amorphous Alloy /$cHeena Dhurandhar, Ashmi T. Patel, T. Lilly Shanker Rao, Kirit N. Lad, Arun Pratap.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b48
=520  3\$aCrystallization is a thermally activated process in non-crystalline and amorphous solids. The kinetics of the solid state phase transformations can be studied using thermal analysis techniques such as differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). For the kinetic analysis of the crystallization process under non-isothermal conditions, the choice of a reliable method is very important. The methods for the analysis of non-isothermal data are, in general, derived by extending the formalism developed for isothermal conditions. Most methods for the kinetic analysis of crystallization processes rely on the isokinetic hypothesis to separate the kinetics of the transformation from its dependence on temperature. It is assumed that the transformation rate can be described by a differential equation separable in α (transformed fraction) and T (temperature), i.e., for continuous heating regime, (dα/dT)=(1/β)k(T)f(α), where β is the heating rate, k(T) is the rate constant, and f(α) is the kinetic function (reaction model). The crystallization kinetics of glassy Co66Si16B12Fe4Mo2 have been studied with DSC and analyzed using non-isothermal theoretical expressions. The Avrami exponent, (n), frequency factor, (A), and activation energy, (E), of crystallization are evaluated using Matusita and Sakka (MS) and modified Kissinger equations. Besides, isoconversional kinetic analysis has been applied to DSC data for the determination of these different kinetic parameters. The isoconversional methods calculate Eα values at progressive degrees of conversion, α, without modelistic assumptions, and hence, this approach takes care of the variation of kinetic parameters with the fraction crystallized. The activation energy has been determined using both linear integral and differential isoconversional methods and also by the non-linear isoconversional method suggested by Vyazovkin and Wight. These methods are found to give consistent results for E. Furthermore, a comparison has been made among various kinetic parameters obtained using different approaches to investigate the relative applicability and usefulness of the proposed methods.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPolymers.
=650  \0$aCrystalline polymers.
=650  \0$aIsoconversional.
=650  \0$aCrystallization.
=650  \0$aKinetic parameters.
=650  14$aCrystallization.
=650  24$aIsoconversional.
=650  24$aKinetic parameters.
=650  24$aIKP method.
=700  1\$aPatel, Ashmi T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRao, T. Lilly Shanker,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLad, Kirit N.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPratap, Arun,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102577.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102578
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102578$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102578$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP359.B46
=082  04$a662/.88$223
=100  1\$aWierzbicki, Volkmar,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDetermining the Oxidation Stability of Biodiesel and Blends Using a New Rapid Small Scale Oxidation Test (RSSOT)—The PetroOXY /$cVolkmar Wierzbicki.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aOxidation stability is a physical property of liquid fuels used to describe the ageing behavior of fuels during transport and storage. In biodiesel and its blends with diesel, oxidation of fuel can result in acid formation and polymer solids which plug filters and leave problematic deposits throughout the fuel supply system. ASTM Fuel Specification Standards include both 100 % biodiesel and biofuel-blends. Of all these fuel standards only ASTM D6751, which is for 100 % biodiesel “as a blendstock,” mentions the test method EN 14112. Although the following fuel specification standards permit the blending of biodiesel into the fuel, to date these standards have not yet identified a suitable oxidation stability test method for blended fuels: ASTM D975 for diesel fuel oils (<5 % biodiesel); ASTM D396 for burner fuel oils (<5 % biodiesel); and ASTM D7467 for diesel fuel oil (6–20 % biodiesel). ASTM D2274 is the most frequently used method to characterize ageing behavior of diesel by determining the polymer (sludge) content of artificially aged fuel. ASTM D02.14 approved two new test methods for evaluation of oxidation stability. ASTM D7545 is a new method for testing oxidation stability of middle-distillates. ASTM D7525 is the sister method for gasoline. These methods utilize a new rapid small scale oxidation tester (RSSOT) named PetroOXY. Within the RSSOT’s test chamber, a 5 mL sample of fuel is combined with oxygen, at 700 kPa, and heated to 140°C. This initiates a fast oxidation whose results are determined by the time needed to achieve a pressure drop of 10 % in the system. Testing confirmed that the time needed to achieve the 10 % drop in pressure is directly related to the sample’s oxidation stability. The RSSOT-method is quicker than other actual methods evaluating the oxidation stability biodiesel, petroleum middle-distillates, and blends. Round-robins based upon this have been conducted in Europe and Japan.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBiomass energy.
=650  \0$aBiodiesel fuels.
=650  \0$aCalibration standards.
=650  \0$aBiodiesel.
=650  \0$aDiesel.
=650  \0$aOxidation stability.
=650  14$aOxidation stability.
=650  24$aDiesel.
=650  24$aBiodiesel.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102578.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102579
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102579$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102579$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP355
=082  04$a662.6623$223
=100  1\$aBlignaut, Annalie,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Impact of Fischer–Tropsch Diesel on the Oxidation Stability of Biodiesel (FAME) Blends /$cAnnalie Blignaut, Lelani Collier, Marié Pretorius.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b23
=520  3\$aFischer–Tropsch (FT) distillates and first generation biodiesel are alternative fuels that can both be used directly as neat fuels in an internal combustion diesel engine or as blend stocks with conventional diesel fuel. Biodiesel is generally produced by the catalytic trans-esterification of triglycerides (vegetable oil) with methanol to form fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) and glycerol as a by-product. The FT process (or FT synthesis) is a catalyzed chemical reaction in which synthesis gas (syngas), a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen, is converted into liquid hydrocarbons of various compositions. The oxidation and thermal stability of diesel fuel are very important properties since unstable diesel fuels can form soluble gums and or insoluble organic particulates that can clog the fuel filters and fuels system components. In the quest for increased efficiency of internal combustion compression ignition engines, the engines are increasingly downsized and turbo charged. These developments, together with the latest demands from modern injector systems, place a greater demand on the oxidative and thermal stability performance of a fuel due to the exposure of fuels to higher temperatures in comparison to historic engine and injector designs. Recirculation of heated fuel can also cause injector deposits originating from either gum or particulate formation. Biodiesel (FAME) and FT diesel have shown to be fully compatible as blend components with conventional crude derived diesel. FT diesel, produced from the low temperature FT (LTFT) process, generally has a lower density and viscosity and good cold flow properties. It is also a very stable fuel, which compensates for the high viscosity and density, poor cold flow properties, and unstable nature associated with biodiesel (FAME). This paper discusses the results obtained from a comparative study of the oxidation stability (using the Rancimat methodology) of FT (high temperature FT and LTFT) and petroleum diesel fuels, blended with up to 20 vol % of soya and rapeseed derived biodiesel (FAME)
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSynthetic fuels$xRefining.
=650  \0$aFischer–Tropsch (FT)
=650  \0$aAlternative fuel.
=650  \0$aCrude derived diesel.
=650  \0$aSynthetic fuels.
=650  \0$aOxidation stability.
=650  14$aSynthetic fuels.
=650  24$aFischer–Tropsch (FT)
=650  24$aOxidation stability.
=650  24$aCrude derived diesel.
=650  24$aAlternative fuel.
=700  1\$aCollier, Lelani,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPretorius, Marié,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102579.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102580
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102580$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102580$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQP609.C37
=082  04$a572/.756$223
=100  1\$aMandali, Pavani,$eauthor.
=245  10$aImmobilization of Cellulase and Hemicellulases on Porous Glass Beads /$cPavani Mandali, Basil K. Dalaly.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b37
=520  3\$aExperiments on immobilization of cellulase complex (cellulase, Novozymes) and enzyme complex (cellulases and hemicellulases, Novozymes) were performed on porous Siran™ beads using covalent and non-covalent bonding methods. Free enzyme complex was used for hydrolyzing various pretreated biomass such as corn stover, distillers dried grain with solubles, switch grass and blue stem grass. Maximum activity of enzyme complex was found with corn stover and was used as a substrate for measuring cellulase and hemicellulases activities. Protein loading for immobilized cellulase complex and enzyme complex on Siran™ carriers was found in the range of 10.776–18.000 % and 19.932–23.082 %, respectively. Activity loading for immobilized cellulase complex with avicel was in the range of 16.610–22.026 %. For enzyme complex, activity loading was found in the range of 43.558–61.222 %, 8.274–19.124 %, and 7.180–14.114 % with avicel, xylan, and corn stover as substrates, respectively. Recycling experiments for immobilized cellulase complex and enzyme complex were carried out using various substrates, and the residual enzyme activity was measured after the third cycle. Carbodiimide bonded cellulase complex retained more residual enzyme activity with avicel (49.460 %), which indicates a good cross linker for cellulase immobilization. The enzyme complex bonded to carbodiimide, and glutaraldehyde retained residual activity of 44.160 % with xylan and 73.230 % with corn stover, respectively. Recycling studies showed greater retention in residual enzyme activity with covalent bonded enzymes than non-covalent bonded enzymes. Glutaraldehyde and carbodiimide were found to be effective cross linkers for immobilizing both cellulase and hemicellulases in covalent bonding method.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCellulases$xphysiology.
=650  \0$abiomass.
=650  \0$aCellulase.
=650  \0$aHemicellulase.
=650  \0$aRecycling.
=650  \0$aImmobilization.
=650  14$aCellulase.
=650  24$aHemicellulase.
=650  24$aImmobilization.
=650  24$aBiomass saccharification.
=650  24$aRecycling.
=700  1\$aDalaly, Basil K.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102580.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102581
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102581$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102581$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN23
=082  04$a672$223
=100  1\$aArtiaga, Ramón,$eauthor.
=245  10$aOxidation Stability of Soy and Palm Based Biodiesels Evaluated by Pressure Differential Scanning Calorimetry /$cRamón Artiaga, Jorge López-Beceiro, Javier Tarrío-Saavedra, José L. Mier, Salvador Naya, Carlos Gracia.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b50
=520  3\$aThe oxidation stabilizing effect of a substituted phenol on soy and palm based biodiesels was investigated according to the ASTM E2009 standard. Pressure differential scanning calorimetry (PDSC) measurements were used to evaluate the influence of oxygen pressure. A relationship was derived to describe the correlation between oxidation onset temperature and oxygen pressure. Additional standard differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis tests were performed in order to evaluate other thermal effects of the additive. The different behavior of both fuels was explained on the basis of their different physical and chemical properties. PDSC results were compared with the values obtained by the Rancimat method and the crystallization temperature observed by standard DSC was compared with the cold filter plugging point obtained according to the EN 116 standard.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aOxidation.
=650  \0$aStainless steel.
=650  \0$aBiodiesel.
=650  \0$aOxidation stability.
=650  14$aOxidation stability.
=650  24$aBiodiesel.
=650  24$aPDSC.
=700  1\$aLópez-Beceiro, Jorge,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTarrío-Saavedra, Javier,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMier, José L.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNaya, Salvador,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGracia, Carlos,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102581.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102582
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102582$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102582$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP359.A54
=082  04$a665.776/09711$223
=100  1\$aParkavi, K.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aReview of Key Research Efforts to Make Algae Fuels Sustainable /$cK. Parkavi, B. Mathumitha.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b42
=520  3\$aAlgae, a third generation biofuel feedstock, present one of the most attractive renewable fuel opportunities. Algae’s potential arises from its high biomass yield, ability to grow in a range of environments and its effectiveness as a bioremediation agent for CO2 sequestration and waste water treatment. Studies suggest that algae are the only biofeedstock that has the potential to completely replace world’s fossil transportation fuels. As a result, interest in algae as a source of fuel is high, but the fact remains that no one has yet shown that they can economically and reliably transform algae into fuel that significantly reduces our dependence on petroleum-based fuels. While a number of hurdles contribute to this scenario, based on our evaluation of this industry and processes, we have determined the three key hurdles to be: (a) Sub-optimal choice of algae strains/species; (b) cost of photobioreactor (specialized equipment in which algae are cultivated); and (c) cost of harvesting algae from the growth medium. In this review we identify various research efforts attempted to find solutions for the above three problems, evaluate each effort, and present our inferences on the efforts with the highest potential. We believe further improvements in these research efforts could make algae fuels commercially viable.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aOilgae.
=650  \0$aAlgae harvesting.
=650  \0$aAlgae fuel.
=650  \0$aPhotobioreactor.
=650  \0$aAlgal strains.
=650  14$aOilgae.
=650  24$aAlgae fuel.
=650  24$aAlgal strains.
=650  24$aPhotobioreactor.
=650  24$aAlgae harvesting.
=700  1\$aMathumitha, B.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102582.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102583
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102583$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102583$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTD886
=082  04$a628/.7466$223
=100  1\$aCantrell, Keri B.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aApplication of Thermogravimetric Analysis for the Proximate Analysis of Livestock Wastes /$cKeri B. Cantrell, Jerry H. Martin, Kyoung S. Ro.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b44
=520  3\$aThere is worldwide interest in deriving increasing amounts of energy from bio-based agricultural materials including not only lignocellulosic residues but also a significant quantity of available livestock manure. This manure can be used as a feedstock for various thermochemical conversion processes such as pyrolysis and gasification. In order to apply these processes, the manure must be properly characterized for volatile matter (VM) and ash contents. The determination of these components is not mentioned specifically in current ASTM standards for livestock manure. In this study, we employed the use of thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) for the rapid assessment of VM and ash content in swine, dairy, rabbit, and poultry manures using references from the ASTM coal and coke standards. The TGA assessment of VM in the manures were the same as those values found by non-automated means (ASTM D3175-07) ranging from 47 to 78 wt%db. The TGA assessment of the ash was also the same when compared to ash results via non-instrumental means following ASTM D3174-04. Ash values ranged from 4 to 47 wt%db. There was one exception when testing a high ash containing swine lagoon sludge. Under the TGA method, this sludge underwent more complete devolatilization and oxidation. This was primarily attributed to the small sample size leading to uniform internal heating. The modification of the TGA ash method aimed at shortening the run time generated similar results as both the original TGA method and non-automated method. Thus, TGA ash determination in manure should occur above 600°C with preferences for the following method: Zero-grade air at 2–4 furnace volumes/min, heating rate of 11°C⋅min−1, temperature range of 110–950°C, and isothermal hold at 950°C for 10 min. VM determination via TGA should follow ASTM D3175-07.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aLivestock Wastes.
=650  \0$aLivestock.
=650  \0$aOrganic wastes.
=650  \0$aStandard method.
=650  \0$aAnimal manure.
=650  \0$aVolatile matter.
=650  \0$aInstrumental analysis.
=650  14$aInstrumental analysis.
=650  24$aAnimal manure.
=650  24$aVolatile matter.
=650  24$aAsh.
=650  24$aStandard method.
=700  1\$aMartin, Jerry H.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRo, Kyoung S.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102583.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102584
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102584$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102584$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP359.B46
=082  04$a662/.88$223
=100  1\$aMcGinnis, Timothy P.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAnalytical Characterization of Sediment Formed in Soy Oil-Based B20 Biodiesel /$cTimothy P. McGinnis, Kim B. Peyton.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (17 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b29
=520  3\$aA thick, gel-like precipitate, which separated from a B20 blend, has been characterized using a variety of analytical techniques. The sediment formed in a blend of soy-based fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) and ultra low sulfur diesel (ULSD), which had been stored under ASTM D4625 conditions without the presence of antioxidant. Analysis indicates that the majority of the sediment consists of a wide variety of polar oxygenated compounds. These vary considerably in molecular weight. The lower molecular weight species arise due to oxidative cleavage of the methyl esters. Also present are free fatty acids formed due to hydrolysis of FAME. The highest molecular weight compounds are oxidized FAME that have not undergone cleavage and oligomers of the oxidized FAME. Monoglycerides and steryl glucosides are not significant components in this sediment. The sediment does contain some diesel fuel, intact FAME, and impurities, which are inherent to the FAME. A proposed scenario for the formation of this type of sediment is as follows: As free radical formation, oxidation, and hydrolysis occur in unsaturated methyl esters, there are numerous polar organic compounds formed. These vary widely in molecular weight and include carboxylic acids, alcohols, aldehydes, and ketones, as well as compounds containing combinations of these functional groups. All of these reaction products undergo aggregation due to their polarity differences with the bulk matrix. Included in these aggregates are the trace components present as impurities in the FAME, such as water, glycerol, glycerides, plant sterols, and steryl glucosides. Eventually, a level of thermodynamic instability is reached and phase separation occurs. While the aggregates and sediment contain significant polar functionality, they still maintain a very high degree of alkyl and olefinic character. As a result, intact FAME and diesel fuel components have a certain degree of solubility in the aggregated mixture and make up part of the precipitated sediment.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBiomass energy.
=650  \0$aBiodiesel fuels.
=650  \0$aCalibration standards.
=650  \0$aBiodiesel.
=650  \0$aOxidation.
=650  \0$aUnsaturation.
=650  \0$aSediment.
=650  \0$aStability.
=650  14$aB20.
=650  24$aSediment.
=650  24$aFAME.
=650  24$aULSD.
=650  24$aBiodiesel.
=650  24$aOxidation.
=650  24$aStability.
=650  24$aUnsaturation.
=700  1\$aPeyton, Kim B.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102584.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102586
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102586$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102586$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP339
=082  04$a662/.88$223
=100  1\$aMcLinden, M. O.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aStandard Reference Data for the Thermophysical Properties of Biofuels /$cM. O. McLinden, T. J. Bruno, M. Frenkel, M. L. Huber.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (18 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b69
=520  3\$aThe thermophysical properties of biofuels are required for the efficient design of their chemical processing, distribution, and utilization. We provide a review of biofuel properties research at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST). We are expanding two Standard Reference Databases to include biofuels. The ThermoData Engine will collect and evaluate all published property data on biofuel components. The NIST Reference Fluid Thermodynamic and Transport Properties database is a calculational database providing properties of biofuel components and blends based on thermodynamic and transport models. The property models in the databases implement an equation of state approach based on well defined reference fluids. Complex mixtures, including blends of biofuels with conventional fuels, are modeled as “surrogate blends,” i.e., a blend of perhaps a dozen components that captures the essential characteristics of a complex fuel. Surrogate blends are formulated from a “suite” of well-characterized pure compounds. Property measurements for the pure compounds in the surrogate suite include but are not limited to density, speed of sound, and viscosity. We have also carried out measurements on actual biofuel samples. A recent extension of the distillation curve that we have developed at NIST is proving very valuable in characterizing fuels. This “advanced distillation curve method” provides much more quantitative information than the traditional method, including chemical characterization of the different “cuts” as the distillation proceeds. We present examples of our measurements and models completed to date and outline future plans.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBiomass energy.
=650  \0$aCatalysis.
=650  \0$aDatabase.
=650  \0$aBiofuels.
=650  \0$aModels.
=650  \0$aStandards.
=650  \0$aTransport properties.
=650  14$aBiofuels.
=650  24$aDatabase.
=650  24$aModels.
=650  24$aStandards.
=650  24$aThermodynamic properties.
=650  24$aTransport properties.
=700  1\$aBruno, T. J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFrenkel, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHuber, M. L.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102586.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102588
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102588$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102588$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP358
=082  04$a662/.669$223
=100  1\$aBorges, P. P.,$eauthor.
=245  10$apH Measurement in Bioethanol by Using Different Electrodes and according to International Standards /$cP. P. Borges, I. C. S. Fraga, B. S. R. Marques, J. C. Dias, V. S. Cunha.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aThe importance of Brazilian bioethanol as biofuel has been increasing significantly. Its origin from renewable sugar cane is able to reduce carbon in the atmosphere and is one of the factors that contribute for reducing global warming. Because of the difficulty in measuring pH in nonaqueous solutions, Inmetro, the Brazilian Metrology Institute, has focused its attention on the needs for accurate and reliable pH measurements, as part of its work in developing and producing certified reference material (CRM) of bioethanol. This paper aims to present the studies of pH measurement in CRM of bioethanol from sugar cane (approximately 99.6 % ethanol content) using two commercial pH electrodes with different internal filling electrolytic solutions. One electrode, containing potassium chloride (KCl), was specified in the American standard, ASTM D6423, and the other one, containing lithium chloride (LiCl), was specified in the Brazilian standard, ABNT NBR 10891, and European standard EN 15490. These studies have shown that there was a significant difference among the pH values (more than 1.0 pH unit) measured by the different electrodes related to its internal filling solution. The results have shown that a harmonization of the standardization on the pH measurement is needed in order to make possible its use and application as analytical parameter.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBiomass energy.
=650  \0$apH Measurement.
=650  \0$aAlcohol as fuel.
=650  \0$aBioethanol.
=650  \0$aRegional standards.
=650  14$aBioethanol.
=650  24$aPH.
=650  24$aRegional standards.
=700  1\$aFraga, I. C. S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMarques, B. S. R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDias, J. C.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aCunha, V. S.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102588.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102590
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2011\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102590$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102590$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTD195.P4
=082  04$a333.823214/097987$223
=100  1\$aKapilan, N.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPerformance Characteristics of a Dual Fuel Engine Operated with Mahua Biodiesel and Liquefied Petroleum Gas /$cN. Kapilan, T. P. Ashok Babu, R. P. Reddy.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2011.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b17
=520  3\$aFuel crisis because of dramatic increase in vehicular population and environmental concerns have renewed the interest of the scientific community to look for alternative fuels of bio-origin such as vegetable oils and ethanol. India is looking at biodiesel derived from Mahua oil (MO), as one of the renewable alternative fuels for compression ignition (CI) engine. Although MO biodiesel (MOB) has several advantages over fossil diesel, in the present scenario, the use of biodiesel is restricted due to its high cost. In India, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) is easily available and is one of the cheapest gaseous fuels. Hence, use of LPG to fuel a CI engine along with MOB seems to be an option for substitution of fossil diesel. In the present work, LPG, which was fumigated along with the air and biodiesel was admitted into the engine cylinder through conventional fueling device as an igniter. A single cylinder CI engine was modified to work in dual fuel mode and engine tests were carried out at rated speed under variable load conditions. The performance of the engine in dual fuel mode was compared with the diesel. The dual fuel operation results in thermal efficiency close to the diesel and also reduces the NOx and smoke emissions significantly. From the experimental results, we concluded that biodiesel in dual fuel mode with cheaper gaseous fuel induction is an option for reducing the operating cost of the biodiesel fuelled CI engine.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPetroleum Gas.
=650  \0$aLiquefied.
=650  \0$aDual fuel mode.
=650  \0$aEngine performance.
=650  \0$aAlternative fuel.
=650  \0$aMahua oil.
=650  14$aAlternative fuel.
=650  24$aMahua oil.
=650  24$aDual fuel mode.
=650  24$aEngine performance.
=700  1\$aBabu, T. P. Ashok,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aReddy, R. P.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 8, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2011$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102590.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102605
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102605$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102605$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN23
=082  04$a672$223
=100  1\$aCasteletti, L. C.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aUse of Fe–31Mn–7.5Al–1.3Si–0.9C Alloy for Fabrication of Resistive Elements /$cL. C. Casteletti, A. Lombardi Neto, G. E. Totten, S. C. Heck, F. A. P. Fernandes.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (4 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b4
=520  3\$aAustenitic Fe–Mn–Al–Si–C steel provides excellent cold formability and good oxidation resistance for possible fabrication of resistive elements. In this work, austenitic Fe–31Mn–7.5Al–1.3Si–0.9C steel wire was obtained by cold rolling and then tested with respect to oxidation resistance and electrical resistive behavior. After being subjected to an isothermal oxidation test at 700°C in air, this steel exhibited behavior similar to that the AISI 304 stainless steel. When the test was conducted at 800°C, the performance was inferior to that the AISI 304 steel. However, after 40 h of testing, the mass-gain curve stabilized. From these results and the results of the electric resistance tests, the Fe–Mn–Al–Si alloy proved to be a promising candidate for substitution of thermo-resistive alloys of Ni–Cr and Fe–Ni–Cr for use at temperatures of up to 800°C. Such alloys provide the potential for cost performance savings by using lower cost alloying elements.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aoxidation stability.
=650  \0$aStainless steel.
=650  \0$aElectric.
=650  \0$aOxidation.
=650  \0$aElectrical properties.
=650  \0$aResistivity.
=650  14$aElectric.
=650  24$aResistivity.
=650  24$aFe–Mn–Al alloy.
=650  24$aElectrical properties.
=650  24$aOxidation.
=700  1\$aLombardi Neto, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTotten, G. E.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHeck, S. C.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFernandes, F. A. P.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102605.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102606
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102606$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102606$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTJ1186
=082  04$a671.5/3$223
=100  1\$aCasteletti, Luiz Carlos,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffect of the HVOF Deposition Process in the Chemical Composition of Tungsten Carbide Layers with Cobalt or Nickel Binders /$cLuiz Carlos Casteletti, Eduardo Augusto Brefere Arnoni, Frederico Augusto Pires Fernandes, Amadeu Lombardi Neto, George Edward Totten.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b23
=520  3\$aThe production of hardened surfaces on components to increase the wear resistance is a persistent technological challenge in the surfaces engineering. High velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) thermal spray process is used to produce coatings of high wear and/or corrosion resistance. Tungsten carbide with metallic binder is often used for this purpose. In this work, coatings of tungsten carbide with cobalt or nickel binder were produced by HVOF, process and characterized by optical and electron microscopy (SEM) tests, hardness and density tests, and X-ray diffraction analysis to verify the effect of the thermal spray deposition process in the powder used for the coating production. The HVOF process produced dense coatings with low porosity and oxidation levels and high average hardness, about 1100HV. The sprayed layer of WC-12 %Co contains intermetallics of the CoxWyCz type generated during the deposition process. No intermetallic formation was evidenced between the Ni and the WC on WC-10 %Ni layer. The HVOF deposition process did not significantly deteriorate the powders used.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMetal-cutting tools.
=650  \0$aburst testing.
=650  \0$aTungsten carbide.
=650  \0$aBinders.
=650  \0$aCobalt.
=650  14$aHVOF.
=650  24$aTungsten carbide.
=650  24$aBinders.
=650  24$aCobalt.
=650  24$aNickel.
=700  1\$aArnoni, Eduardo Augusto Brefere,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFernandes, Frederico Augusto Pires,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNeto, Amadeu Lombardi,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTotten, George Edward,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102606.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102612
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102612$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102612$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA472
=082  04$a672$223
=100  1\$aTsunekage, Norimasa,$eauthor.
=245  10$aInitiation Behavior of Crack Originated from Non-Metallic Inclusion in Rolling Contact Fatigue /$cNorimasa Tsunekage, Kazuya Hashimoto, Takeshi Fujimatsu, Kazuhiko Hiraoka.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b15
=520  3\$aRecently, it has been generally accepted that flaking life is dependent on the size of non-metallic inclusion under proper condition in bearing use. Statistics of extreme values to predict the maximum non-metallic inclusion size and ultrasonic test to assess large non-metallic inclusions in a large volume are widely used as practical methods for the evaluation of bearing steel cleanliness. Murakami’s formula is well known, which describes the relationship between non-metallic inclusion size and fatigue strength. However, the formula cannot be directly applied to rolling contact fatigue because of the difference in applied stress mode. While the equation was invented to predict the fatigue limit in principal stress mode, rolling contact fatigue is mainly caused by shear stress. It is expected that the condition of bearing use will be more critical due to the downsizing tendency in various industrial or automotive machine units. Thus the research on the flaking mechanism becomes more important from the viewpoint of global ecology because that is beneficial to the improvement in bearing life and methods for cleanliness evaluation. Due to the difficulty in experimental observation, however, the details of the flaking mechanism in rolling contact fatigue caused by non-metallic inclusion has not yet been clarified. Focusing on the relationship between non-metallic inclusion and initiation of the crack, the flaking mechanism is proposed in this paper.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSteel, Bearing.
=650  \0$aSteel, Bearing$xCongresses.
=650  \0$abainitic microstructure.
=650  \0$aBearing steel.
=650  \0$aCrack initiation.
=650  \0$aCrack propagation.
=650  \0$aOxides.
=650  14$aBearing steel.
=650  24$aRolling contact fatigue life.
=650  24$aCrack initiation.
=650  24$aCrack propagation.
=650  24$aNon-metallic inclusions.
=650  24$aOxides.
=650  24$aHot isostatic pressing.
=700  1\$aHashimoto, Kazuya,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFujimatsu, Takeshi,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHiraoka, Kazuhiko,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102612.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102615
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102615$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102615$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP359.B46
=082  04$a662/.88$223
=100  1\$aVicentim, M. P.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aWater Content Determination in Biodiesel :$bOptimization of Methodology in Coulometric Karl Fischer Titration /$cM. P. Vicentim, M. V. Barreto Sousa, V. Fernandes da Silva, V. Lionel Mateus, J. M. Rodrigues, V. Smarçaro da Cunha.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b15
=520  3\$aCoulometric Karl Fischer (KF) titration is a highly accurate technique employed for moisture determination in non-aqueous solvents. Methodology for coulometric titration in a KF apparatus coupled to an autosampler oven was optimized in order to improve the accuracy of moisture determination in biodiesel derived from soybean. Several parameters were investigated, and three of them were optimized according to a central composite 23 star experimental design. The highest accuracy for moisture determinations corresponded to a relative standard deviation of 1.48 %. It was reached when the KF titrator was operated with electrode without diaphragm, the sample mass was 4 g, and the oven temperature was set to 170°C. Other parameters, like carrier gas flux and extraction time, presented minimal or no effects for improving the accuracy of moisture determination.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBiomass energy.
=650  \0$aBiodiesel fuels.
=650  \0$aCalibration standards.
=650  \0$aMoisture.
=650  \0$aBiodiesel.
=650  \0$aSoybean.
=650  14$aBiodiesel.
=650  24$aKarl Fischer titration.
=650  24$aMoisture.
=650  24$aSoybean.
=700  1\$aBarreto Sousa, M. V.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFernandes da Silva, V.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMateus, V. Lionel,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRodrigues, J. M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSmarçaro da Cunha, V.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102615.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102617
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102617$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102617$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTS227.2
=082  04$a671.5/2$223
=100  1\$aCarboni, M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDetermination of ΔKth by Compression Pre-Cracking in a Structural Steel /$cM. Carboni, L. Patriarca, D. Regazzi.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b31
=520  3\$aThe traditional experimental procedures used to generate thresholds (known as “ΔK-decreasing” and “constant Kmax”) have been challenged because it seems they affect the experimental results, sometimes in a non conservative way. In order to fix this problem, different experimental procedures (“compression pre-cracking constant amplitude” and “compression pre-cracking load reduction” (CPLR)) based on a compression-compression pre-cracking of fracture mechanics specimens have been proposed. Up till now, such procedures are not yet wide-spread between fracture mechanics experimentalists. In particular, due to the recent introduction, CPLR has been applied only to few cases: Al alloys, Ti alloys, and high strength steels (ultimate tensile strength>1300 MPa), all in the shape of M(T) or C(T) specimens subjected to positive stress ratios. The present paper deals with the application of these novel “compression pre-cracking” procedures, with particular attention to CPLR, to the unexplored and technically very important case of the structurally mild A1N steel grade (very commonly used to produce European railway axles) in the shape of SE(B) specimens subjected to stress ratios varying between −2 and 0.85.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aStructural Steel.
=650  \0$aSteel, Structural$xWelding.
=650  \0$aWelded joints.
=650  14$aThreshold stress intensity factor range.
=650  24$aCompression pre-cracking.
=650  24$aA1N steel grade.
=700  1\$aPatriarca, L.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRegazzi, D.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102617.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102618
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102618$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102618$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP359.B46
=082  04$a662/.88$223
=100  1\$aDunn, Robert O.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCold Flow Properties of Biodiesel by Automatic and Manual Analysis Methods /$cRobert O. Dunn.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b47
=520  3\$aBiodiesel from most common feedstocks has inferior cold flow properties compared to conventional diesel fuel. Blends with as little as 10 vol % biodiesel content typically have significantly higher cloud point (CP), pour point (PP), and cold filter plugging point (CFPP) than No. 2 grade diesel fuel (DF2). Although PP and CFPP may be lowered by treating with cold flow improver additives, these additives do not reduce CP by more than 3–5°C. When stored in moderate temperature climates, biodiesel should be periodically monitored during cooler months. This work examines the use of automated ASTM test methods to reliably monitor CP, PP, and CFPP. Automated instruments have a number of advantages over manually operated apparatus, namely small sample volumes, consistency, speed of analysis, and accuracy of results. Some deviations in data from automated and manual techniques were observed across a diverse set of biodiesel samples. Biodiesel samples were analyzed by subambient differential scanning calorimetry performed at various heating and cooling scan rates for comparison with cold flow property results.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBiomass energy.
=650  \0$aBiodiesel fuels.
=650  \0$aCalibration standards.
=650  \0$aBiodiesel.
=650  \0$aBlends.
=650  \0$aCloud point.
=650  \0$aCrystallization onset.
=650  \0$aPour point.
=650  14$aBiodiesel.
=650  24$aBlends.
=650  24$aCloud point.
=650  24$aCold filter plugging point.
=650  24$aCrystallization onset.
=650  24$aDifferential scanning calorimeter.
=650  24$aPour point.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102618.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102619
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102619$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102619$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.9.C6
=082  04$a620.1/4$223
=100  1\$aDavidson, Barry D.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aRecommendations for an ASTM Standardized Test for Determining GIIc of Unidirectional Laminated Polymeric Matrix Composites /$cBarry D. Davidson, Sean S. Teller.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aThis study was aimed at finalizing the details of a standardized test to determine the Mode II interlaminar fracture toughness of laminated composites. A large number of end-notched flexure tests were performed on glass/epoxy, two graphite/epoxies, and on graphite/bismaleimide specimens. Tests were performed directly from the preimplanted insert as well as from Mode II precracks. Results were combined with those from previous experimental and numerical studies and used to extract recommendations for the proposed standard. A compliance calibration method of data reduction was used. It was found that the results from only two compliance tests, along with the compliance from the fracture toughness test, are sufficient to characterize a specimen’s compliance versus crack length relation. Furthermore, the unloading line and compliance data from the non-precracked toughness test can be used to accurately locate the new crack front, which allows determination of both the non-precracked and precracked toughness from the same specimen. It is shown that accurate and repeatable toughness values are obtained provided that the ratio of crack length to half-span length is 0.6, that compliance tests are performed to a target maximum load corresponding to 0.25 GIIc at each crack length, and that toughness values are only accepted if the actual energy release rate during compliance testing is in-between 15 and 35 % of the computed value of GIIc.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPolymeric Matrix Composites.
=650  \0$aCeramic-matrix composites.
=650  \0$aPolymeric composites.
=650  \0$aComposite.
=650  \0$aEnergy release rate.
=650  \0$aFracture.
=650  \0$aMode II.
=650  \0$aPrecrack.
=650  \0$aDelamination.
=650  \0$aInterlaminar.
=650  \0$aToughness.
=650  14$aMode II.
=650  24$aComposite.
=650  24$aDelamination.
=650  24$aEnergy release rate.
=650  24$aToughness.
=650  24$aENF.
=650  24$aCompliance calibration.
=650  24$aPrecrack.
=650  24$aInterlaminar.
=650  24$aFracture.
=700  1\$aTeller, Sean S.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102619.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102629
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102629$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102629$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA472
=082  04$a672$223
=100  1\$aAlley, Erick S.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aModeling the Influence of Microstructure in Rolling Contact Fatigue /$cErick S. Alley, Krich Sawamiphakdi, Patrick I. Anderson, Richard W. Neu.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (20 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b37
=520  3\$aCrack nucleation, first spall generation, and spall growth in rolling contact fatigue (RCF) are known to be highly sensitive to the heterogeneity of the microstructure. Yet the current state-of-the-art in the design of high performance bearing materials and microstructures is highly empirical requiring substantial lengthy experimental testing to validate the reliability and performance of these new materials and processes. We have laid the groundwork necessary to determine the influence of microstructure in RCF to aid in the development and processing of bearing steels. Microstructure attributes that may control the fatigue behavior are explicitly modeled in a 41xxx steel. The methodology is demonstrated by studying the role of an aluminum oxide inclusion embedded in a matrix of tempered martensite and retained austenite. The matrix is represented by crystal plasticity, which provides more realistic accumulations of localized plastic strains with cycling compare to homogenized J2 plasticity. As a demonstration of the approach, the relative influence of the volume fraction of retained austenite on RCF is evaluated.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSteel, Bearing.
=650  \0$aSteel, Bearing$xCongresses.
=650  \0$abainitic microstructure.
=650  \0$aMartensite.
=650  \0$aRetained austenite.
=650  \0$aBearing steel.
=650  \0$aTransformation.
=650  \0$aCrystal plasticity.
=650  14$aBearing steel.
=650  24$aRolling contact fatigue.
=650  24$aCrystal plasticity.
=650  24$aNon-metallic inclusion.
=650  24$aMartensite.
=650  24$aRetained austenite.
=650  24$aTransformation.
=700  1\$aSawamiphakdi, Krich,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAnderson, Patrick I.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNeu, Richard W.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102629.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102630
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102630$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102630$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aHV5810
=082  04$a362.29/8/0973$223
=100  1\$aLai, Junbiao,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCase Depth and Static Capacity of Surface Induction-Hardened Rings /$cJunbiao Lai, Pascal Ovize, Hans Kuijpers, Andrea Bacchettto, Stathis Ioannides.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aLarge-size slewing bearings are usually surface hardened by means of induction heating. The load-carrying capacity of the bearing is dependent on, among others, the depth of the hardened layer, i.e., case depth (CD). It is of crucial importance for bearing manufacturers to ensure that sufficient CD is produced to meet the required bearing capacity for the applications. Compared to through-hardened bearings, the calculation method for the load-carrying capacity of surface-hardened bearings, especially the induction-hardened bearings, is not well established. This paper reports on a new calculation method for the static capacity of induction-hardened rings. The method is based on consideration of both the plastic indentation on the raceway and the damage tolerance in the subsurface region. The models for evaluating plastic indentation and subsurface damage have been validated with the standing contact fatigue testing.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$acrack.
=650  \0$acrack initiation.
=650  \0$acrack tip opening.
=650  \0$aDefect tolerance.
=650  \0$aCase depth.
=650  \0$aCore crush.
=650  \0$aPlastic indentation.
=650  \0$aCracks.
=650  \0$aSlewing bearings.
=650  \0$aStatic capacity.
=650  14$aSurface induction hardening.
=650  24$aCase depth.
=650  24$aStatic capacity.
=650  24$aSlewing bearings.
=650  24$aPlastic indentation.
=650  24$aCore crush.
=650  24$aCracks.
=650  24$aDefect tolerance.
=700  1\$aOvize, Pascal,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKuijpers, Hans,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBacchettto, Andrea,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aIoannides, Stathis,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102630.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102637
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102637$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102637$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP155.75
=082  04$a660.2815$223
=100  1\$aSlusser, Joseph W.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aKeynote—Materials Selection for Oxidizer Service—Successes and Challenges /$cJoseph W. Slusser.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b14
=520  3\$aImproper selection of materials of construction for oxygen and other strong oxidizer applications can result in sudden catastrophic failure. Many available materials are flammable and will burn in oxidizer systems if sufficient ignition energy is provided. Because these combustion events occur suddenly, they cannot be monitored by periodic inspection. Also, a definitive cause after such an event is often difficult to determine because much of the evidence is destroyed. Materials selection and system design must be correct from the beginning. The key is to ensure the ignition energies imposed on the materials during operation of the system do not challenge the materials. Or, to state it differently, a designer must ensure that the materials selected have adequate compatibility to withstand the operating conditions (including transient conditions such as startups) without igniting. This paper will provide an overview of the science of oxygen compatibility and how Committee G04 efforts have helped improve safety. It will also comment on the technical issues the Committee may address in the future and a concern, shared with many similar organizations, of declining industry participation.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aOxygen.
=650  \0$aOxidizer.
=650  \0$aFlammability.
=650  \0$aOxygen compatibility.
=650  14$aOxygen.
=650  24$aOxygen compatibility.
=650  24$aOxidizer.
=650  24$aFlammability.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102637.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102641
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102641$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102641$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQA326
=082  04$a512/.55$223
=100  1\$aRafi, Muhammad Masood,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAnalytical Behaviors of Steel and CFRP Reinforced Concrete Beams in Fire /$cMuhammad Masood Rafi, Ali Nadjai.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (21 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b40
=520  3\$aThe study of thermal behaviors of concrete structures has been an area of great interest to researchers over a long period of time. This paper presents the details of analytical studies, which were carried out in order to investigate high temperature performance of steel or carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) bar reinforced concrete (RC) beams. This performance is considered to be highly dependent on elevated temperature properties of employed materials (i.e., concrete, steel, and FRP), concrete cracking model, and temperature related strain components. The effects of these parameters in relation to the experimental data were studied in order to establish those that are critical for the prediction of fire resistance of steel or FRP RC beams. Constitutive models for temperature dependent thermal expansion coefficient of concrete and steel have been proposed and validated against the recorded beam behaviors. The effects of transient creep strain were found insignificant in the studies presented in this paper. Non-orthogonal and orthogonal crack formations were found to be suitable for steel and CFRP reinforced beams, respectively. A highly non-linear rebar stress distribution was observed at the mid-span of the beam. Compressive stresses were produced in the steel bars, owing to their restrained thermal dilatation during heating.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aElevated temperature.
=650  \0$aOrthogonal crack.
=650  \0$aDeflection.
=650  \0$aDilatation.
=650  \0$aTransient strain.
=650  14$aElevated temperature.
=650  24$aOrthogonal crack.
=650  24$aTransient strain.
=650  24$aDilatation.
=650  24$aFRP.
=650  24$aDeflection.
=700  1\$aNadjai, Ali,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102641.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102643
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102643$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102643$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRC963.48
=082  04$a155.9/042$223
=100  1\$aLeopold, Gaëlle,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFatigue from an Induced Defect :$bExperiments and Application of Different Multiaxial Fatigue Approaches /$cGaëlle Leopold, Yves Nadot.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b17
=520  3\$aAn experimental database containing multiaxial fatigue results for C35 steel with induced defects has been previously published [Billaudeau, T., Nadot, Y., and Bezine, G., “Multiaxial Fatigue Limit for Defective Materials: Mechanisms and Experiments,” Acta Mater., Vol. 52, 2004, pp. 3911–3920; Nadot, Y., and Billaudeau, T., “Multiaxial Fatigue Limit Criterion for Defective Materials,” Eng. Fract. Mech., Vol. 73, 2006, pp. 112–133; Gadouini, H., Nadot, Y., and Rebours, C., “Influence of Mean Stress on the Multiaxial Fatigue Behaviour of Defective Materials,” Int. J. Fatigue, Vol. 30, 2008, pp. 1623–1633]. Artificial defects, in a range of 100–900 μm, are introduced at the surface of fatigue samples. The database contains experimental fatigue results for different defect size and geometry, and multiaxial loading cases with different load ratios. In the present study, five models predicting the fatigue limit of materials with defects are compared. Each model is carefully presented, predictions are compared, and input data are discussed. It is shown that it is necessary to take account for the stress distribution around the defect in order to have a good prediction for a multiaxial case.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$afatigue.
=650  \0$athermal-mechanical fatigue.
=650  \0$acrack growth.
=650  \0$aHigh cycle fatigue.
=650  \0$aMultiaxial fatigue.
=650  \0$aSmall notch.
=650  \0$aDefect.
=650  \0$aMean stress effect.
=650  14$aHigh cycle fatigue.
=650  24$aDefect.
=650  24$aMultiaxial fatigue.
=650  24$aSmall notch.
=650  24$aMean stress effect.
=700  1\$aNadot, Yves,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102643.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102647
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102647$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102647$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN672
=082  04$a671.36$223
=100  1\$aLiščić, Božidar,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPrediction of Quench-Hardness within the Whole Volume of Axially Symmetric Workpieces of Any Shape /$cBožidar Liščić, Saša Singer, Božo Smoljan.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (17 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b17
=520  3\$aA quench probe, based on the Temperature Gradient method was used to measure and record cooling curves when quenching real axially symmetric workpieces of any complex shape in liquid quenchants. Calculation of relevant heat transfer coefficients is based on the cooling curve measured just below surface of the cylindrical probe of 50-mm diameter. A two-dimensional computer program, based on the cooling time from 800°C to 500°C (t8/5), and the Jominy hardenability curve of the steel grade in question, is used to predict the hardness distribution within the whole volume of the workpiece, all at once, which is a unique feature of this method.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMetals$xQuenching.
=650  \0$aheat transfer coefficient.
=650  \0$aQuenching.
=650  \0$aHardness prediction.
=650  14$aQuenching.
=650  24$aHeat transfer coefficient.
=650  24$aHardness prediction.
=700  1\$aSinger, Saša,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSmoljan, Božo,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102647.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102657
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102657$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102657$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQA931
=082  04$a531/.382$223
=100  1\$aWu, W.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMeasurement of Mechanical Properties of Hydrated Cement Paste Using Resonant Ultrasound Spectroscopy /$cW. Wu, A. Al-Ostaz, J. Gladden, A. H.-D. Cheng, G. Li.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b31
=520  3\$aThe resonant ultrasound spectroscopy (RUS) experimental technique had been used successfully to measure the modulus of elasticity and Poisson’s ratio of hydrated cement paste. RUS is a modern nondestructive acoustic technique, which can be applied to determine the elastic properties of solids with high precision and great efficiency. By measuring the natural resonance frequencies for a single small parallelepiped cement paste sample with water cement ratio of 0.4, the elastic constants and, subsequently, the modulus (E) and Poisson’s ratio (v) were obtained. The results from RUS measurement, E=21.55 GPa and v=0.225, agree with the numerical modeling values.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aElasticity.
=650  \0$aHydrated cement paste.
=650  \0$aElastic constant.
=650  \0$aModulus of elasticity.
=650  14$aRUS.
=650  24$aElastic constant.
=650  24$aModulus of elasticity.
=650  24$aHydrated cement paste.
=700  1\$aAl-Ostaz, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGladden, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aCheng, A. H.-D.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLi, G.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102657.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102659
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102659$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102659$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP359.B46
=082  04$a662/.88$223
=100  1\$aMercer, Erin J.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aBiodiesel Synthesis via Recyclable Heterogeneous Catalyst :$bTitanium Niobate Nanosheet /$cErin J. Mercer, Fathi T. Halaweish.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b14
=520  3\$aA robust, heterogeneous, and recyclable catalyst to react upon broad range of feedstock for biodiesel processing so as to best utilize local oil/grease resources and whose optimal catalytic conditions are environmentally benign is sought to improve overall production of the alternative fuel. The application of titanium niobate nanosheets has been developed to transesterify soybean oil under environmentally favorable catalytic conditions. Experiments were conducted with a comprehensive study of the catalyst from its synthesis to analysis of the final biodiesel product. In the optimization of catalyst synthesis and its activation/reactivation, heating temperature and times and solvent washing were studied. The optimal catalyst was achieved with a 1:2:1 molar ratio of K2CO3:TiO2:Nb2O5 heated in a ThermoLyne® furnace at 500°C for 14 h. The application in biodiesel processing reached 99 % conversion in a flash reaction time of 5 min with a 1:2 methanol:soybean oil by weight and 6.5 wt % catalyst. Temperature was maintained at 66°C by a hot water jacket in a self-pressurized closed system. Initial reactions using used restaurant grease have shown 15 % conversion with optimization ongoing. Recycling and reactivating the catalyst have been studied and found to maintain efficiency in use. Transesterification was quantitatively analyzed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. An innovative method designed to adhere the titanium niobate nanosheets to silica beads is underway with the intention of industrial scale biodiesel application.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBiodiesel.
=650  \0$aBiodiesel fuels.
=650  \0$aCalibration standards.
=650  \0$aNon-edible feedstock.
=650  \0$aTransesterification.
=650  \0$aBiodiesel synthesis.
=650  14$aTransesterification.
=650  24$aBiodiesel synthesis.
=650  24$aFatty acid methyl ester.
=650  24$aFAME.
=650  24$aHeterogeneous catalysis.
=650  24$aTitanium niobate nanosheets.
=650  24$aNon-edible feedstock.
=700  1\$aHalaweish, Fathi T.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102659.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102660
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102660$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102660$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP248.65.P58
=082  04$a668.4/23$223
=100  1\$aIkkene, Rafika,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMeasurement of the Cooling Power of Polyethylene Glycol Aqueous Solutions Used as Quenching Media /$cRafika Ikkene, Zahia Koudil, Mohamed Mouzali.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b24
=520  3\$aSolutions of high molecular weight polymers are used widely in the heat treatment of metal alloys known as quenching. Water-soluble polymers offer a number of environmental, economic, and technical advantages, including eliminating the quench-oil fire hazard. The cooling power of water-soluble polymers such as polyethylene glycol (PEG) and salts aqueous solutions is studied with a cylindrical test probe of Inconel 600 by using a quenchometer. The dependences of the cooling rates, at each bath temperature, on polymer concentration and agitation are established. The present paper describes, through an understanding of the quenching mechanism, the effect that some parameters concerning the control of polymer quenchants have on their behavior. The effect of the salts on the quenching characteristics has also been studied. A study has been made of the relationship between the concentration of PEG, bath temperature, agitation, and cooling power in aqueous quenchants that contain up to 20 % of PEG. The presence of 5 % or less of the polymer in solution increased the cooling power of the quench in comparison with the water quenchant. However, increasing polymer concentration will decrease the cooling power as well as the maximum cooling rate because of the formation of the vapor blanket in the first phase of the quenching mechanism. The hardening power (HP) of the PEG quenchant solution was characterized on the cooling curve by the two critical points, CRF (the cooling rate at the ferrite/pearlite nose) and CRM (the cooling rate at the martensite start transformation), using an empirical relation giving HP in function of the measured polymer quenchant cooling characteristics. The highest HP was obtained in dilute solution of PEG having a concentration of 2.5 %, which reaches a value of 2051 at 20°C and 1951 at 45°C, under agitation.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aNanostructured materials.
=650  \0$aQuenching.
=650  \0$aPolyethylene glycol.
=650  \0$aCooling power.
=650  \0$aHardening power.
=650  \0$aHeat treatment.
=650  14$aHeat treatment.
=650  24$aQuenching.
=650  24$aPolyethylene glycol.
=650  24$aCooling power.
=650  24$aHardening power.
=700  1\$aKoudil, Zahia,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMouzali, Mohamed,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102660.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102663
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102663$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102663$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA679
=082  04$a693.21$223
=100  1\$aBennett, Richard M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aProposed Masonry Specified Compressive Strength Requirements /$cRichard M. Bennett.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b10
=520  3\$aCurrently the TMS 602-08, “Specification for Masonry Structures,” allows the specified compressive strength of masonry, fm′, to be determined using either the unit strength method or the prism test method. With regard to prism testing, the specification gives no requirements in terms of the number of prisms to be tested or how to use the results of the prism testing to determine the specified compressive strength. This paper summarizes the requirements of other codes and specifications and examines a statistical basis for determining a prism compressive strength, including the effects of sample size. It is recommended to use the 75th percent confidence on the ten-percentile value. This is reasonably consistent with other codes and specifications. A minimum of ten tests is recommended.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMasonry $xStandards$zEuropean Union countries.
=650  \0$aCompressive strength.
=650  \0$aPrisms.
=650  \0$aMasonry.
=650  14$aMasonry.
=650  24$aPrisms.
=650  24$aCompressive strength.
=650  24$aCode.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 2.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102663.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102667
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102667$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102667$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA683.5.B3
=082  04$a624.1/83423$223
=100  1\$aHussain, Raja Rizwan,$eauthor.
=245  10$aNovel Approach Towards Calculation of Averaged Activation Energy Based on Arrhenius Plot for Predicting the Effect of Temperature on Chloride Induced Corrosion of Steel in Concrete /$cRaja Rizwan Hussain, Tetsuya Ishida.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b15
=520  3\$aReinforced concrete structures exposed to aggressive environments such as severe chloride attack coupled with high temperature suffer from accelerated corrosion. The objective of this paper is to model and verify the effect of temperature on chloride induced corrosion potential and corrosion rate of steel in concrete by incorporating a novel approach towards calculation of averaged activation energy based on Arrhenius plot. This paper presents a semiempirical corrosion modeling approach which obeys the basic corrosion science laws and is also verified by the experimentation involving a wide range of chloride and temperature variations (0 %–10 % total chlorides and 20–60°C temperatures). The modeling task has been incorporated by the use of a concrete durability model developed by our research group at the University of Tokyo as a computational platform on which the coupled temperature-chloride induced corrosion throughout the life of reinforced concrete structures is examined in both space and time domains.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aReinforced concrete construction.
=650  \0$aChloride.
=650  \0$aReinforced concrete.
=650  \0$aTemperature.
=650  \0$aModeling.
=650  \0$aCorrosion.
=650  \0$aArrhenius plot.
=650  14$aTemperature.
=650  24$aChloride.
=650  24$aArrhenius plot.
=650  24$aCorrosion.
=650  24$aModeling.
=650  24$aReinforced concrete.
=700  1\$aIshida, Tetsuya,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102667.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102670
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102670$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102670$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTE250
=082  04$a625.8$223
=100  1\$aAbdelrahman, Magdy,$eauthor.
=245  10$aIncorporation of Property-Based Testing in Coarse Aggregate Specifications for Pavement Applications /$cMagdy Abdelrahman, Amy Hardy.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b45
=520  3\$aThe demand for pavement facilities that can handle increasing loads escalates the need for high quality aggregate material. While once plentiful, quality aggregate sources are starting to diminish. When aggregates are eliminated locally by resource depletion as well as land development that prohibits mining, the cost of construction can rise significantly. The cost of transporting quality aggregate materials from other places that comply with specifications can be very expensive. Coarse aggregate specifications for pavement mixtures for many states are outdated, with some sections dating back to around the 1930s. Specifications do not reflect the current level of knowledge concerning testing methodologies of desirable aggregate properties for pavement applications, especially at the local and low volume level. There is a need to evaluate the quality of aggregates based on the suitability of property-based testing requirements. A better understanding of testing requirements used to evaluate material properties can lead to a better utilization of local aggregate materials and reduce the reliance on diminishing high quality sources. This study investigates what property-based testing requirements have been established in current specifications as well as new areas of testing that need to be developed. A questionnaire of professionals defined a set of testing requirements for different pavement applications, which were then compared to the currently specified testing requirements. The results concluded that gaps exist in how professionals define quality aggregate compared to what current specifications define as quality aggregate. This creates the need for the inclusion of more property-based testing that could better characterize aggregates based on pavement performance. This type of characterization could open up the possibility of utilizing local materials that are normally rejected for lower volume applications.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aasphalt materials.
=650  \0$afailure criteria.
=650  \0$aPavements, Asphalt.
=650  \0$aAggregate.
=650  \0$aConcrete aggregate.
=650  \0$aAsphalt pavements.
=650  \0$aConcrete pavements.
=650  \0$aPavements.
=650  14$aAggregate.
=650  24$aConcrete aggregate.
=650  24$aPavements.
=650  24$aAsphalt pavements.
=650  24$aConcrete pavements.
=700  1\$aHardy, Amy,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102670.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102681
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102681$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102681$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQE601.2
=082  04$a552/.06$223
=100  1\$aGerzeski, Roger,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFractography of ASTM D2512 Tested Polymeric Isotropic Material Residuals Generated External to the Impacting Indenter /$cRoger Gerzeski.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (44 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b52
=520  3\$aAn examination of the fracture surfaces found on residuals originating external to the specimen contacting indenter of a ASTM D2512 tested isotropic polymeric material has been conducted for the first time. The repeated appearance and interrelationship of a select series of distinct features was identified. Cracks which plunge from the surface into the bulk of the tested specimen were routinely observed. They are developed by the independent mechanism of sliding Hertzian fracture. Radial cracks, propagating through the entire thickness of the tested specimen, from the most central portion of the original specimen through to its back edge were always observed. They were developed by the independent mechanism of tensile hoop failure. This tensile hoop mechanism also caused the point loaded backside impact damage feature occasionally observed. Shield shaped cracks and indications of secondary point loaded impacts were also routinely observed. Extrinsically generated, finely crushed granular and/or flake powder was commonly found tenaciously adhering to the fractured and top edges of many of these residuals. This powder feature always exhibited indications of having flowed onto the residual and frequently indications of having experienced intense heating. The forced flow of the powder caused the powder’s surface to be heated by the mechanism of kinetic friction heating. While kinetic friction heating did generate features indicative of exposure to intense heat, there were effectively no lasting indications that ignition had originated on these external residuals.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aRocks$xTesting.
=650  \0$aElectromagnetic waves.
=650  \0$aHertzian fracture.
=650  \0$aTensile hoop failure.
=650  \0$aFractography.
=650  \0$aLOX compatibility.
=650  14$aHertzian fracture.
=650  24$aFractography.
=650  24$aTensile hoop failure.
=650  24$aASTM D2512.
=650  24$aLOX compatibility.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102681.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102692
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102692$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102692$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.38
=082  04$a620.1126$223
=100  1\$aDudzinski, David C.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aTemperature Calibration Techniques for TMF Testing /$cDavid C. Dudzinski, Wieslaw Beres, Raymond K. Kersey.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b10
=520  3\$aOne of the methods to control the rapid temperature changes during a thermomechanical fatigue (TMF) test involves the use of an infrared pyrometer for temperature measurement. The infrared pyrometer relies on the emissivity of the test coupon. One way to determine this emissivity is to use a disappearing filament pyrometer. This paper presents two emissivity calibration techniques: Strain measurement and application of non-permanent thermocouples. Both techniques were applied for TMF testing, and the advantages and disadvantages of these techniques are described. The results show that the temperature indicated by these methods can significantly differ when compared to the actual temperature of the test specimen measured by thermocouples. However, these variances can be mitigated by calibration.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$athermomechanical fatigue.
=650  \0$aMaterials$xFatigue.
=650  \0$aAlloys$xThermomechanical properties.
=650  \0$aEmissivity.
=650  14$aThermomechanical fatigue.
=650  24$aTMF.
=650  24$aDisappearing filament pyrometer (DFP)
=650  24$aEmissivity.
=700  1\$aBeres, Wieslaw,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKersey, Raymond K.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102692.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102693
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2011\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102693$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102693$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRD755.5
=082  04$a617.5/80592$223
=100  1\$aGoddard, James B.,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Brief History of the Development and Growth of the Corrugated Polyethylene Pipe Industry in North America /$cJames B. Goddard.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2011.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b25
=520  3\$aFrom 1966 to 2009, the corrugated polyethylene pipe industry has grown from its first introduction to greater than a$2.5 × 109 industry in North America and from 4 in. (100 mm) only to a product diameter range of 2 in. (50 mm) through 60 in. (1500 mm). Markets have changed and grown as well, from predominantly agricultural drainage applications to housing, commercial development, transportation, mining, industry, forestry, storm sewer, sanitary sewer, turf drainage, and stormwater treatment. Increases in diameters and expansion of markets have led to corresponding changes in manufacturing processes and development of appropriate standards and specifications.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPolyethylenes.
=650  \0$aTensile Stress.
=650  \0$aLow-Density Polyethylenes.
=650  \0$aCorrugated pipe.
=650  \0$aLand drainage.
=650  \0$aPipe.
=650  \0$aPolyethylene.
=650  \0$aPipe testing.
=650  \0$aStorm sewer.
=650  \0$aPipe specifications.
=650  \0$aCulvert.
=650  \0$aPipe history.
=650  14$aPipe.
=650  24$aPolyethylene.
=650  24$aCorrugated pipe.
=650  24$aCorrugated polyethylene pipe.
=650  24$aCulvert.
=650  24$aStorm sewer.
=650  24$aLand drainage.
=650  24$aPipe history.
=650  24$aPipe testing.
=650  24$aPipe specifications.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 8, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2011$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102693.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102695
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2009\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102695$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102695$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTC801
=082  04$a627/.52$223
=100  1\$aConlon, Jessica S.,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Robust Installation for Brick-Mold Windows and Doors Using Self-Adhered Flashing /$cJessica S. Conlon, Barbara K. O’Rourke, James D. Katsaros, Theresa A. Weston.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2009.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aCurrent standardized practices for window and door installation methodologies are typically based on fenestration products that feature integral flanges that form a continuous surface to mount and integrate the fenestration product to the water resistive barrier (WRB)/drainage plane of the wall. While these types of units form the majority of fenestration products available, there are several “non-integral” flange type systems that are also utilized in the construction industry. These include “brick-mold” windows and doors, field-applied flange windows, and non-flanged “box” windows. Due to the discontinuity between the mounting system and the window frame, these types of fenestration systems pose special challenges to achieve a robust, continuous, and water-resistant integration between the fenestration product and the wall, which is not adequately addressed by ASTM E2112, “Standard Practice for Installation of Exterior Windows, Doors, and Skylights” or other standardized methods. The paper describes an installation method for windows and doors with factory-applied brick-mold exterior casings and presents the performance characteristics in laboratory testing of units installed using the method.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aWater quality.
=650  \0$aCorrosion resistant materials.
=650  \0$aFlashing performance.
=650  \0$aFenestration system.
=650  \0$aMoisture intrusion.
=650  \0$aWater resistant.
=650  \0$aBrick-mold window.
=650  \0$aFlanged window.
=650  14$aFlashing performance.
=650  24$aBrick-mold window.
=650  24$aFlanged window.
=650  24$aNon-integral flanged window.
=650  24$aFenestration system.
=650  24$aWater resistant.
=650  24$aMoisture intrusion.
=700  1\$aO’Rourke, Barbara K.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKatsaros, James D.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWeston, Theresa A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 6, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2009$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102695.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102697
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102697$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102697$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA439
=082  04$a620.136$223
=100  1\$aStutzman, Paul,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffects of Analytical Precision on Bogue Calculations of Potential Portland Cement Composition /$cPaul Stutzman, D. Stephen Lane.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (18 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aUncertainty in ASTM C150-07 calculations of cement composition are assessed based upon the uncertainty in oxide determinations by different analytical methods. These methods include traditional chemical analyses (the “reference methods”), alternate chemical methods, X-ray fluorescence (XRF) using either a wavelength- or energy-dispersive detection system with either a fused glass or powdered specimen, atomic absorption, and inductively coupled plasma spectrometry. Within-laboratory and between-laboratory estimates for the CaO, SiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, and SO3 are determined for the different analytical methods using a paired sample approach used in cements proficiency testing. An analysis of variance test across these methods indicates that for CaO and SiO2, the methods do not return the same mean values; for Fe2O3, they do; and for Al2O3 and SO3, the results are mixed. XRF precision for CaO and SO3 is lower than the reference method for both glass and powder samples. Precision is lower for the powder compared to the glass, exception for Fe2O3. SiO2 XRF glass results exhibit similar precision to the reference methods, while the powder precisions are lower. Al2O3 precision for all X-ray methods and preparations exceed that of the reference method. All X-ray results are better than those from earlier studies indicating perhaps slight improvement in overall test performance within the industry. Box plots on Bogue-calculated values for each method indicate an overall agreement across methods, a consistency between the glass preparations for both wavelength-dispersive and energy-dispersive analyses, and a consistency between powder preparations for both XRF methods. An error propagation analysis is made to assess the effects of the uncertainty of the chemical analyses on the calculated phase compositions and to compare with the X-ray powder diffraction test method. The precision for the silicates and aluminates is similar, while ASTM C150-07 calculations for ferrite are more precise.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCement $xCongresses.
=650  \0$aBogue calculations.
=650  \0$aChemical analysis.
=650  \0$aCement.
=650  \0$aUncertainty.
=650  14$aBogue calculations.
=650  24$aCement.
=650  24$aChemical analysis.
=650  24$aPhase.
=650  24$aUncertainty.
=700  1\$aLane, D. Stephen,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102697.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102698
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=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
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=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102698$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102698$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.9.C6
=082  04$a620.1/186$223
=100  1\$aWang, John T.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aResidual Strain Effects on Bridging Stress of Cracked and Delaminated Fiber Metal Laminates /$cJohn T. Wang, Stephen W. Smith.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (24 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aAn analytical model is developed that accounts for the effects of both residual thermal strain and residual post-cure stretching strain in the prediction of the bridging stress and the crack opening displacement (COD) of cracked and delaminated fiber metal laminates. Two GLARE® tensile specimen configurations with center cracks in the aluminum layers, one with elliptically shaped delaminations and the other with rhomboidally shaped delaminations, are analyzed with the governing solutions of the analytical model. The shear deformations at the delamination front of either the resin rich region at the metal-fiber layer interface or the fiber layer itself are modeled. Analytical results show that the presence of residual thermal strain reduces the bridging stress while residual post-cure stretching strain increases the bridging stress. A high post-cure stretching level, inducing a greater bridging stress for lowering the COD and also affecting crack closure at crack tips, can result in an increased fatigue life. The use of either of the two shear models has negligible effect on the calculated bridging stress and COD. The analytical results are correlated with available test data of CODs for validating the analytical model.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aComposite materials$x Delamination$x Prevention.
=650  \0$aFiber metal laminate.
=650  \0$aPost-cure stretching.
=650  \0$aFatigue crack growth.
=650  \0$aDelamination.
=650  \0$aResidual strain.
=650  \0$aBridging stress.
=650  14$aFiber metal laminate.
=650  24$aBridging stress.
=650  24$aCrack opening displacement.
=650  24$aFatigue crack growth.
=650  24$aResidual strain.
=650  24$aPost-cure stretching.
=650  24$aDelamination.
=700  1\$aSmith, Stephen W.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102698.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
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=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102703$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102703$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aHV5810
=082  04$a362.29/8/0973$223
=100  1\$aHadidi-Moud, S.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Influence of Elastic Follow-Up on the Integrity of Structures /$cS. Hadidi-Moud, D. J. Smith.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b23
=520  3\$aBased on the traditional definitions associated with creep strain accumulation in defect free components, a generalised definition for “elastic follow-up” factor, Z, is proposed that characterises the influence of a “nonlinear” event experienced locally within a structure, i.e., creep, plasticity, cracking, growth of an existing crack, or any combination of such events, on the response of the structure to the applied loading. A “crack affected zone” approach is then outlined for evaluation of this parameter in a defective component. The significance of quantifying elastic follow-up in relation to integrity assessment procedures and the challenges facing its practical implication to the codes is discussed. The approach is finally examined through its application to two example problems; a standard test geometry, centre cracked plate and an external circumferential cracked thick cylinder, i.e., a conventional structural component.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$acrack.
=650  \0$acrack initiation.
=650  \0$acrack tip opening.
=650  \0$aElastic follow-up.
=650  \0$aStructural integrity.
=650  14$aElastic follow-up.
=650  24$aStructural integrity.
=650  24$aCrack.
=650  24$aStress classification.
=700  1\$aSmith, D. J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102703.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
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=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102707$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102707$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA679
=082  04$a693.21$223
=100  1\$aBennett, Richard M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aStatistical Analysis of Flexural Tensile Strength of Clay Masonry as a Function of Void Area /$cRichard M. Bennett, John P. Sanders, Jim Bryja.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (5 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aExtensive bond wrench testing of clay brick with different void areas has recently been performed. The data set is very comprehensive, testing different types of brick, brick with low and high initial rate of absorption, different mortar types, and voids ranging from 22 to 36 %. All pairwise combinations within each data set were compared with the U-test. The U-test tests for statistically significant difference between means of two data sets. The U-test is distribution-free, is nearly as statistically efficient as the t-test, can handle different sample sizes, and is robust against different variances. Approximately one-half of the comparisons showed no statistical difference in bond strength with different void areas. Of those that showed statistically significant difference, an essentially equal number showed higher bond strength with lower void area as those pairs that showed lower bond strength with lower void area. From the statistical testing, it is clear that flexural tensile strength is not a function of brick void percentage for the range of voids tested.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMasonry $xStandards$zEuropean Union countries.
=650  \0$aVoid area.
=650  \0$aBond strength.
=650  \0$aFlexural strength.
=650  \0$aMasonry.
=650  14$aMasonry.
=650  24$aFlexural strength.
=650  24$aVoid area.
=650  24$aBond strength.
=700  1\$aSanders, John P.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBryja, Jim,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102707.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102710
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102710$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102710$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA480.T54
=082  04$a669/.7322$223
=100  1\$aPardhi, Y.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFatigue Crack Propagation Behavior of an Inertia Friction Welded α/β Titanium Alloy /$cY. Pardhi, C. Dungey, G. Baxter, P. Bowen, T. P. Halford.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b27
=520  3\$aThe inertia friction welding process is being extensively investigated for the joining of high strength titanium alloys for aerospace applications. Although it offers solid state joining, the thermal cycle and deformation involved results in microstructural inhomogeneity across the weld interface. In this paper, the fatigue crack propagation behavior in an inertia welded microstructure in a high strength, high temperature α/β titanium alloy is considered. The fatigue crack propagation behavior in corner notched weld specimens at varying stress ratios is studied at room and elevated temperatures and compared with that of the parent material. Fatigue crack growth rates at lower stress intensity ranges are comparable with those in the parent material. However, in weld specimens tested at room temperature, unstable crack growth occurs at lower stress intensity range values compared to that at high temperature. Fracture surface observations show that this difference is related to a change in fracture mode from transgranular to intergranular/mixed mode during room temperature tests. This change in fatigue crack growth mechanism is deduced to be due to low ductility intergranular failure of grain boundary α in the refined transformed beta microstructure across the weld interface.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aTitanium.
=650  \0$aTitanium alloys.
=650  \0$aMicrostructure.
=650  14$aInertia friction welding.
=650  24$aα/β titanium alloy.
=650  24$aMicrostructure.
=650  24$aFatigue crack propagation.
=650  24$aStress intensity factor.
=700  1\$aDungey, C.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBaxter, G.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBowen, P.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHalford, T. P.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102710.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
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=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102712$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102712$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA472
=082  04$a672$223
=100  1\$aBathias, Claude,$eauthor.
=245  10$aGigacycle Fatigue Properties of Bearing Steels /$cClaude Bathias.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b17
=520  3\$aThe concept of a fatigue limit at 106 cycles that was introduced by Wohler in 1850 seems nowadays to be the wrong magnitude when considering the fatigue life of modern industrial applications such as automotive engines that run typically billions of cycles. The necessity to increase performances in terms of lifetime and safety in steel fabricated products remains an issue, although testing is becoming more time consuming and costly with current design products. It is the aim of our research to develop better understanding of fatigue properties of steels in the gigacycle domain. One way to approach this is to use a piezoelectric fatigue testing system working at ultrasonic frequency. This paper will describe the research done on several 52100 steels coming from Europe (NF100C6) and Japan (SUJ2). Different heat treatments have been applied to obtain different microstructures: Martensite and bainite with and without residual austenite. The fatigue tests, up to 1011 cycles, have been carried out using piezoelectric machines working at 20 and 30 kHz under tension-compression, tension-tension, and torsion only. A set of specimens has been tested also with a circular notch to observe the effect of stress concentration. Finally the thermal dissipation during testing has been determined using an infrared camera. It is confirmed that the influence of inclusions is a key problem.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSteel, Bearing.
=650  \0$aBearing steel.
=650  \0$aBearings (Machinery)
=650  \0$aFish eye.
=650  \0$aGigacycle fatigue.
=650  \0$aBearing curves.
=650  \0$aFlaw effect.
=650  14$aGigacycle fatigue.
=650  24$aSN curve.
=650  24$aBearing curves.
=650  24$aFish eye.
=650  24$aFlaw effect.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102712.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102713
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102713$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102713$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQ295
=082  04$a620.1126$223
=100  1\$aSchwalbe, Karl-Heinz,$eauthor.
=245  10$aOn the Beauty of Analytical Models for Fatigue Crack Propagation and Fracture—A Personal Historical Review /$cKarl-Heinz Schwalbe.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (53 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b99
=520  3\$aStarting from James Rice’s classical work on cyclic plastic stresses and deformations in the plastic zone of a Mode III loaded crack, it will be shown that the crack tip opening displacement of a Mode I crack in a work hardening material can be written in analytical form. This result was then used to formulate the blunting line for J-integral testing and to estimate the fatigue crack propagation rate of a number of materials. In a similar manner—based on the strain distribution within the plastic zone of a work hardening material—the initiation of crack extension under static loading was estimated. The stress distribution ahead of a crack and the Ritchie, Knott. and Rice model were applied to the ductile-to-brittle transition of ferritic steels as well as the transition temperature shift due to neutron irradiation. Inspired by Fong Shih’s contribution to the Electric Power Research Institute Handbook, a simple but straightforward method for expressing the δ5 crack opening displacement as a crack driving force for fully plastic conditions was developed, finally ending up in a comprehensive assessment method for cracked components. The application to mismatched welded joints was demonstrated to be possible if the yield load for mismatch is available; this latter task was performed using both slip line theory and finite element (FE) analyses. Application examples of these models will be shown, and it will be seen that estimates using these models are in reasonable agreement with experimental results and FE analyses. Several elements of these models have made their way to international codes and standards.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSelf-organizing systems.
=650  \0$aFracture mechanics.
=650  \0$aMetals$xFracture.
=650  \0$aCrack tip blunting.
=650  \0$aDuctile tearing.
=650  14$aFatigue crack propagation.
=650  24$aCrack tip blunting.
=650  24$aStructural assessment.
=650  24$aDuctile-to-brittle transition.
=650  24$aCrack opening displacement.
=650  24$aDuctile tearing.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102713.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
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=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102717$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102717$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.38
=082  04$a620.1/126$223
=100  1\$aKalluri, Sreeramesh,$eauthor.
=245  13$aAn Assessment of Cumulative Axial and Torsional Fatigue in a Cobalt-Base Superalloy /$cSreeramesh Kalluri, Peter J. Bonacuse.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b26
=520  3\$aCumulative fatigue under axial and torsional loading conditions can include both load-order (high/low and low/high) as well as load-type sequence (axial/torsional and torsional/axial) effects. Previously reported experimental studies on a cobalt-base superalloy, Haynes 188 at 538°C, addressed these effects. These studies characterized the cumulative axial and torsional fatigue behavior under high amplitude followed by low amplitude (Kalluri, S. and Bonacuse, P. J., “Cumulative Axial and Torsional Fatigue: An Investigation of Load-Type Sequence Effects,” in Multiaxial Fatigue and Deformation: Testing and Prediction, ASTM STP 1387, S. Kalluri, and P. J. Bonacuse, Eds., American Society for Testing and Materials, West Conshohocken, PA, 2000, pp. 281–301) and low amplitude followed by high amplitude (Bonacuse, P. and Kalluri, S. “Sequenced Axial and Torsional Cumulative Fatigue: Low Amplitude Followed by High Amplitude Loading,” Biaxial/Multiaxial Fatigue and Fracture, ESIS Publication 31, A. Carpinteri, M. De Freitas, and A. Spagnoli, Eds., Elsevier, New York, 2003, pp. 165–182) conditions. In both studies, experiments with the following four load-type sequences were performed: (a) axial/axial, (b) torsional/torsional, (c) axial/torsional, and (d) torsional/axial. In this paper, the cumulative axial and torsional fatigue data generated in the two previous studies are combined to generate a comprehensive cumulative fatigue database on both the load-order and load-type sequence effects. This comprehensive database is used to examine applicability of the Palmgren–Langer–Miner linear damage rule and a nonlinear damage curve approach for Haynes 188 subjected to the load-order and load-type sequencing described above. Summations of life fractions from the experiments are compared to the predictions from both the linear and nonlinear cumulative fatigue damage approaches. The significance of load-order versus load-type sequence effects for axial and torsional loading conditions is discussed. Possible reasons for the observed differences between the computed and observed summations of cycle fractions are rationalized in terms of the observed evolutions of cyclic axial and shear stress ranges in the cumulative fatigue tests.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMaterials$xFatigue.
=650  \0$aAxial loads.
=650  \0$aMaterials$xDynamic testing.
=650  \0$aAxial fatigue.
=650  \0$aCumulative fatigue.
=650  \0$aTorsional fatigue.
=650  14$aAxial fatigue.
=650  24$aTorsional fatigue.
=650  24$aCumulative fatigue.
=650  24$aCobalt-base superalloy.
=700  1\$aBonacuse, Peter J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102717.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102723
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102723$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102723$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA439
=082  04$a620.136$223
=100  1\$aFlynn, Russell T.,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Laboratory Evaluation of Plastic (Stucco) Cement-Based Plaster as a Barrier to Water Penetration of Concrete Masonry Construction at Hurricane Force Wind Speeds /$cRussell T. Flynn, Jim Gulde.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b14
=520  3\$aHurricanes cause significant damage to residential construction due to water intrusion. While it is assumed that Portland cement-based exterior plaster (stucco) applied to concrete masonry construction increases the resistance to water penetration, a review of the literature has found no comprehensive tests on this subject. This research was undertaken to provide some information as to the effectiveness of stucco made with plastic (stucco) cement in the prevention of water intrusion through the concrete block and stucco wall system. Results of walls tested in accordance with ASTM E514-06 indicate significant protection against wind driven rain at various wind speeds up to and exceeding those of a Category 5 hurricane.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aCement $xCongresses.
=650  \0$aCement.
=650  \0$aWater intrusion.
=650  \0$aHurricane force winds.
=650  \0$aStucco cement.
=650  14$aConcrete block and stucco (CBS)
=650  24$aDouble-back application.
=650  24$aExterior Portland cement-based plaster (stucco)
=650  24$aHurricane force winds.
=650  24$aStucco cement.
=650  24$aWater intrusion.
=700  1\$aGulde, Jim,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102723.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102725
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102725$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102725$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA679
=082  04$a693.21$223
=100  1\$aSanders, John P.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aTest Method for Determining the Efflorescence Potential of Masonry Materials Based on Soluble Salt Content /$cJohn P. Sanders, Denis A. Brosnan.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b19
=520  3\$aA single test method that is capable of determining the efflorescence potential for all materials in a masonry system is needed. The need for preconstruction testing is referenced in ASTM C1400-1—“Standard Guide for Reduction of Efflorescence Potential in New Masonry Walls”—but the standard acknowledges that there is not a suitable test method for all masonry materials. In the past, soluble salt measurements have been used to quantitatively access the efflorescence potential of masonry materials. To determine the water-soluble salt content of masonry materials, a simple leaching procedure was developed to remove the salts followed by quantification of the water-soluble salt content by ion chromatography. A series of modified efflorescence tests using salt solutions and real masonry materials has been used to determine the significance of water-soluble salt measurements. A clear threshold for soluble sulfate content that indicates a high potential for the development of visible efflorescence has been identified. Sulfate salts are the most common water-soluble compounds associated with efflorescence complaints.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMasonry $xStandards$zEuropean Union countries.
=650  \0$aEfflorescence.
=650  \0$aScumming.
=650  \0$aTesting.
=650  \0$aBrick.
=650  \0$aMortar.
=650  \0$aWater-soluble salts.
=650  \0$aMasonry.
=650  14$aEfflorescence.
=650  24$aMasonry.
=650  24$aWater-soluble salts.
=650  24$aWater–soluble compounds.
=650  24$aBrick.
=650  24$aMortar.
=650  24$aBloom.
=650  24$aScumming.
=650  24$aTesting.
=700  1\$aBrosnan, Denis A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102725.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102726
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102726$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102726$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA679
=082  04$a693.21$223
=100  1\$aSanders, John P.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aImproving the Thermal Resistance of Brick Masonry Systems /$cJohn P. Sanders, Denis A. Brosnan.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b14
=520  3\$aFinite element modeling was used to relate the coring or cell configuration of brick to the heat flow through brick masonry wall systems. Core or cell configurations that minimize thermal bridging through the brick thickness substantially reduced the heat flow through the masonry. The effect of bed depth on heat flow was also investigated. Larger units with optimized coring designs resulted in substantial reductions in heat flow. Heat flow through the mortar joint was also compared to heat flow through the brick. Wall designs that minimize the mortar joint thickness also reduce the heat flow. From these simulations, it is clear that a masonry system can be optimized to reduce heat flow. The effect of core or cell filling with various materials was also studied. Insulating materials reduce heat flow primarily by displacing mortar in the cores or cells.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMasonry $xStandards$zEuropean Union countries.
=650  \0$aR-value.
=650  \0$aThermal resistance.
=650  \0$aBrick.
=650  \0$aMortar.
=650  \0$aMasonry.
=650  14$aMasonry.
=650  24$aThermal resistance.
=650  24$aR-value.
=650  24$aBrick.
=650  24$aMortar.
=700  1\$aBrosnan, Denis A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102726.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102727
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102727$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102727$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTH9031
=082  04$a693.8/93$223
=100  1\$aPashina, Keith A.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCommon Sense and Masonry Repair /$cKeith A. Pashina, Steven M. Talafous.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references.
=520  3\$aThe maintenance and restoration of masonry structures are often repetitive processes. Many of the problems encountered are very common. Many problems requiring maintenance and repair could have been mitigated or prevented with a little foresight and coordination during the design and construction period. Why is so much effort expended on “repairing the repairs”? This paper discusses how common mistakes occur and why. Many of the perceived restraints on the design and construction phases such as time, budget, level of craftsmanship, and material costs do and should affect the project. However, these constraints must be balanced against the functionality of the masonry, such as durability, structural stability, weather barrier, and aesthetics. Through real-life examples, this paper describes a simple repair of rehabilitation process that will lead to a successful project outcome: Long lasting, low maintenance masonry structures. It takes into account the owner’s needs, priorities, and budgetary, physical, and time constraints before any design development or repair begins. For comparison, unsuccessful project outcomes from actual projects will also be explored.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHistoric buildings$xMaintenance and repair.
=650  \0$aMasonry $xMoisture.
=650  \0$aWalls$xMoisture.
=650  \0$aRepair approach.
=650  \0$aMasonry repair.
=650  \0$aLife expectancies.
=650  14$aMasonry repair.
=650  24$aRepair approach.
=650  24$aLife expectancies.
=700  1\$aTalafous, Steven M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102727.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102730
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102730$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102730$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aNA4120
=082  04$a721.04421$223
=100  1\$aLeafblad, Janelle L.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEvaluation and Repair of Thin Brick Veneer Facades /$cJanelle L. Leafblad, Carolyn L. Searls.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (17 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b27
=520  3\$aThin brick veneer is an exterior cladding system of brick from 3/8 to 3/4 in. thick attached to a substrate, used to imitate standard size brick veneer walls. There are three basic types of adhered installations with many variations within each type: brick precast into panels, panelized wall systems, and site-adhered thin brick. The most widely used system is thin brick site-adhered to exterior cement plaster or concrete walls with a bonding mortar, often with open joints. Building codes provide little guidance for adhered veneer. We have observed debonding of individual brick units, debonding of brick panels, cracking and spalling of brick due to corrosion of underlying elements, and water leakage. Repairs to thin brick veneer systems often consist of testing for loose brick units, removing and re-adhering brick units, and pointing the joints between brick units. The objectives of this paper are to review available construction systems using adhered thin brick veneer, codes and standards, discuss our experience in investigating failures of these systems, and present our recommendations for repairs and for new construction.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBricks.
=650  \0$aBrickwork.
=650  \0$aBuilding, Brick.
=650  \0$aSite-adhered.
=650  \0$aThin brick.
=650  \0$aPrecast panels.
=650  14$aThin brick.
=650  24$aPrecast panels.
=650  24$aPanelized wall systems.
=650  24$aSite-adhered.
=700  1\$aSearls, Carolyn L.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102730.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102734
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102734$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102734$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA169.3
=082  04$a620/.00452$223
=100  1\$aKlosowski, Jerome M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aNew Weathering Test Method for Sealants and Preliminary Experimental Results /$cJerome M. Klosowski, Patrick D. Gorman.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (19 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aA new sealant weathering test method expands on existing test methodologies. In ASTM C719, repeated movement cycles were shown to be important to reproduce some of the damage seen on real buildings. Weathering tests done previously demonstrate that water, sunlight (especially the UV portion), and heat are all important degradation factors that act on real buildings. Thus this new test combines water, heat, light, and movement acting on a sealant joint, fabricated to an ASTM C719 joint configuration, in artificial weathering machines. The joints are also subjected to identical movement in four different climates. Correlations of the damage done to various sealants in four varied U.S. climates and the artificial weathering machines are explored.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAccelerated life testing.
=650  \0$aReliability (Engineering)
=650  \0$aFailure time data analysis.
=650  \0$aAcrylic.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aSilicone.
=650  \0$aUrethane.
=650  \0$aAccelerated testing.
=650  \0$aArtificial weathering.
=650  \0$aOutdoor weathering.
=650  \0$aSealants.
=650  14$aAccelerated testing.
=650  24$aOutdoor weathering.
=650  24$aArtificial weathering.
=650  24$aSealants.
=650  24$aFatigue.
=650  24$aSilicone.
=650  24$aUrethane.
=650  24$aAcrylic.
=700  1\$aGorman, Patrick D.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102734.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102735
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102735$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102735$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTG325.6
=082  04$a624/.28$223
=100  1\$aKrogstad, Norbert V.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDetailing Masonry Veneer/Steel Stud Backup Systems at Fenestration Systems to Avoid Moisture Problems /$cNorbert V. Krogstad, Richard A. Weber, Michael J. Huhtala.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (17 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b1
=520  3\$aThrough more than 20 years of investigating water leakage and condensation problems, the authors have observed that a high percentage of moisture problems related to masonry walls are associated with the interface between masonry veneer and fenestration systems. These problems are often associated with wall systems in aggressive exposures where the drainage system and air seal details at interfaces are not adequately considered by the designers and contractors. In many cases, drainage systems are not provided or not properly installed at joints between these systems. Air barriers and vapor retarders often are not sealed to fenestration systems or contain voids that permit the flow of air into the wall system. Problems can occur when anchors, lintels, support angles, and sill flashings are either not thermally improved or where the location of thermal breaks is not coordinated with the location of insulation within the walls. This paper outlines considerations for detailing the interface between masonry veneer over steel stud wall systems and fenestration systems. The fenestration systems reviewed in this paper include typical storefront or operable windows and curtain walls. Both masonry systems with the insulation positioned within the stud space and systems with the insulation positioned within the masonry air space are discussed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBridges$xDrainage systems.
=650  \0$aElevated highways$xDrainage systems.
=650  \0$aSupport angle.
=650  \0$aThermal bridge.
=650  \0$aWater leakage.
=650  \0$aFlashing.
=650  \0$aCavity seal.
=650  \0$aCurtain wall.
=650  \0$aLintel.
=650  \0$aDrainage system.
=650  \0$aFenestration system.
=650  \0$aCondensation.
=650  \0$aInsulation.
=650  \0$aSteel stud backup.
=650  \0$aAir barrier.
=650  \0$aMasonry veneer.
=650  \0$aVapor retarder.
=650  \0$aStorefront.
=650  \0$aWindow.
=650  14$aMasonry veneer.
=650  24$aSteel stud backup.
=650  24$aDrainage system.
=650  24$aFlashing.
=650  24$aWater leakage.
=650  24$aCondensation.
=650  24$aAir barrier.
=650  24$aWater resistive barrier.
=650  24$aVapor retarder.
=650  24$aThermal bridge.
=650  24$aInsulation.
=650  24$aCavity seal.
=650  24$aFenestration system.
=650  24$aStorefront.
=650  24$aWindow.
=650  24$aCurtain wall.
=650  24$aSupport angle.
=650  24$aLintel.
=700  1\$aWeber, Richard A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHuhtala, Michael J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102735.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102740
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102740$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102740$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA679
=082  04$a693.21$223
=100  1\$aKlingner, Richard E.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSeismic Performance Tests of Masonry and Masonry Veneer /$cRichard E. Klingner, P. Benson Shing, W. Mark McGinley, David I. McLean, Hussein Okail, Seongwoo Jo.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (21 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aThis paper summarizes the preliminary findings of a research project on performance-based design of masonry and masonry veneer. The project includes quasi-static testing of clay masonry veneer with wood-stud and concrete masonry backings; shaking-table tests of concrete masonry and wood-stud wall segments with clay masonry veneer; and shaking-table tests of a full-scale wood-stud structure with clay masonry veneer and a concrete masonry structure with clay masonry veneer; and nonlinear analytical modeling. Based on the test results, recommendations are presented for refinements to current seismic design and detailing provisions for masonry and masonry veneer.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMasonry $xStandards$zEuropean Union countries.
=650  \0$aEarthquake.
=650  \0$aDesign.
=650  \0$aVeneer.
=650  \0$aMasonry.
=650  14$aEarthquake.
=650  24$aDesign.
=650  24$aMasonry.
=650  24$aVeneer.
=700  1\$aShing, P. Benson,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMcGinley, W. Mark,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMcLean, David I.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aOkail, Hussein,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aJo, Seongwoo,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102740.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102744
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=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102744$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102744$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aNA4120
=082  04$a721.04421$223
=100  1\$aChin, Ian R.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEfflorescence :$bEvaluation of Published Test Methods for Brick and Efforts to Develop a Masonry Assembly Test Method /$cIan R. Chin, Bill Behie.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b7
=520  3\$aThe test method determining the efflorescence potential of brick is found in ASTM C67-08, Standard Test Methods for Sampling and Testing Brick and Structural Clay Tile. This test method is based upon the “wick tests” performed at the National Bureau of Standards in 1930 to determine the tendency for 684 brick to effloresce. Both Britain and Russia have also published efflorescence test methods for brick. From 1995 through 2006, Task Group C15.02.26 on Efflorescence, a subcommittee of ASTM C15.02 on Brick and Structural Clay Tile, evaluated the effectiveness of the ASTM C67-08 efflorescence test method. C15.02 is a subcommittee of committee C15 on Manufactured Masonry Units. The performance results for the ASTM, British, Russian and a modified ASTM C67-08 test on a standard brick were compared. This evaluation revealed that the ASTM C67-08 and the Russian efflorescence test methods were equally effective in predicting efflorescence potential of brick. The British test method was shown not to be effective in predicting efflorescence potential of brick. The efflorescence that developed on the types of brick rated as “effloresced” was more extensive and intense on the brick tested by the ASTM C67-08 method than the brick tested by the Russian method. In 1998, Task Group C15.05.15 on Efflorescence of Masonry Assemblies of ASTM subcommittee C15.05 on Masonry Assemblies prepared ASTM C1400-07, Standard Guide for Reduction of Efflorescence Potential in New Masonry Walls. C15.05 is a subcommittee of committee C15 on Manufactured Masonry Units. Subsequently, Task Group C15.05.15 began testing to obtain information to develop a test method to predict efflorescence potential in new masonry assemblies. The testing is ongoing. The various test methods evaluated to date include the following: (1) Open top plastic box with brick test specimen inserted in each face and filling of the box with a slurry of the test mortar ingredients; (2) open top brick masonry box constructed with the brick and mortar test specimens and filling of the box with water; (3) brick masonry wallettes constructed with the brick and mortar test specimens and placed in 1-in.-deep water and exposed to moving air from a fan; and (4) masonry cubes made from ground-up brick test specimens and mortar test specimens and placed in 1-in.-deep water and exposed to moving air from a fan. This paper presents the results of the evaluation of the ASTM C67-08 efflorescence test method by Task Group C15.02.26 and of the efforts made to date by Task Group C15.05.15 to develop an efflorescence test method for masonry assemblages.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBricks.
=650  \0$aBrickwork.
=650  \0$aBuilding, Brick.
=650  \0$aEfflorescance.
=650  \0$aBrick.
=650  \0$aMortar.
=650  \0$aAssemblies.
=650  \0$aMasoury.
=650  14$aEfflorescance.
=650  24$aBrick.
=650  24$aMortar.
=650  24$aMasoury.
=650  24$aAssemblies.
=700  1\$aBehie, Bill,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102744.htm

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=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102747$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQP421
=082  04$a612.8/23$223
=100  1\$aRuedl, G.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAre ACL Injuries Related to Perceived Fatigue in Female Skiers? /$cG. Ruedl, A. Schranz, C. Fink, E. Pocecco, W. Nachbauer, M. Burtscher.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b30
=520  3\$aIn alpine skiing, knee injuries show marked sex differences, as female recreational skiers have a twofold greater incidence of knee injuries and a threefold higher anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury risk than male skiers. General preventive recommendations to reduce the incidence of ski injuries include avoiding fatigue. However, no study has yet examined to which extent ACL injuries in female recreational skiers are related to perceived fatigue. Therefore, 68 ACL injured female skiers and 136 matched controls were interviewed about skiing time and perception of fatigue in legs and the whole body at the time point of accident and questioning, respectively. In addition, skiing ability, self estimated fitness level, quantity and quality of breaks per run, sleeping quality, and group skiing and skill level of group members have been recorded. Patients and controls differ significantly regarding the duration of skiing as about 81 % of ACL injuries occurred within the first 3 h (odds ratio=4.4; P<0.001). In patients about 71 % and in controls about 27 % felt no fatigue or a trace of fatigue in their legs at the time of injury and questioning, respectively (P<0.001) . No other factors showed a significant difference. Therefore, fatigue seems no major risk factor for an ACL injury in female recreational skiing.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFatigue$xphysiopathology.
=650  \0$aFatigue$xetiology.
=650  \0$aFatigue$xpsychology.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aFemale skier.
=650  \0$aRisk factor.
=650  \0$aACL injury.
=650  14$aACL injury.
=650  24$aFatigue.
=650  24$aRisk factor.
=650  24$aFemale skier.
=700  1\$aSchranz, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFink, C.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPocecco, E.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNachbauer, W.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBurtscher, M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102747.htm

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=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102757$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102757$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA640.2
=082  04$a624.1/71$223
=100  1\$aZareh, H.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFinite Element Modeling of a Rockman Portable Dynamic Hardness Tester /$cH. Zareh, J. Martinez, M. Carter, J. Koenig.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b7
=520  3\$aA Rockman hardness tester is a type of portable dynamic hardness tester that is similar to a standard Rockwell hardness tester, except the full load is applied dynamically over a very short duration. Finite element models were developed for a Rockman hardness tester and a standard B scale Rockwell hardness tester. The Rockwell hardness tester model served as a benchmark problem to validate assumptions and modeling techniques used for the Rockman hardness tester model. Before developing the model of the Rockman hardness tester, the dynamic loading characteristics were determined using a piezoelectric force transducer. After solving both models comparisons were drawn between the two hardness testers.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aContinuum mechanics.
=650  \0$aFinite element method.
=650  \0$aStructural analysis (Engineering)
=650  \0$aRockwell.
=650  \0$aRockman.
=650  \0$aFinite element.
=650  14$aFinite element.
=650  24$aRockwell.
=650  24$aRockman.
=650  24$aPortable dynamic hardness test.
=700  1\$aMartinez, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aCarter, M.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKoenig, J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102757.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102770
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102770$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102770$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTD427.G55
=082  04$a363.7384$223
=100  1\$aPenner, Donald,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSpray Solution pH and Glyphosate Activity /$cDonald Penner, Jan Michael.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aIt was hypothesized 110 years ago that substances that dissolve in lipids pass more easily into cells than those that dissolve in water. Thus, weak acids such as glyphosate should more readily pass through the non-polar plant cuticle in the non-dissociated, more non-polar form. The objective of this study was to test this hypothesis in a series of studies in the greenhouse involving three weed species. The pH of the glyphosate spray solution was varied between 1.5 and 6. The glyphosate activity on giant foxtail, common lambsquarters, and velvetleaf (pH) was not affected by pH values between 1.5 and 6 when adjusted with hydrochloric acid (HCl). If diammonium sulfate, was also present, the results were similar; however, the glyphosate activity on velvetleaf was much greater. If the pH was lowered with sulfuric acid, H2SO4, an increase in the glyphosate activity on velvetleaf became evident as the pH was lowered from 6.0 to 1.5. This was attributed to the water conditioning effect of the SO4= in hard water. With tank-mixing glyphosate with 1 % NTNT (N TANK)® is a product of Adjuvants Plus, Kingsville, Ontario, Canada N9Y 255., a proprietary blend of surfactants and monocarbamide, which lowered the pH to 2.0, the water conditioning benefit of NT was decreased on velvetleaf as the pH was raised from 2.0 to 7.0. In summary, the hypothesis was disproved with respect to glyphosate.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAcculturation.
=650  \0$aHerbicide resistance.
=650  \0$aPlants$xEffect of herbicides on.
=650  \0$aSulfuric acid.
=650  \0$aDiammonium sulfate.
=650  \0$aOverton’s rule.
=650  \0$aWeed control.
=650  14$aDiammonium sulfate.
=650  24$aOverton’s rule.
=650  24$aSulfuric acid.
=650  24$aWeed control.
=700  1\$aMichael, Jan,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102770.htm

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=001  JAI102771
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=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
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=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102771$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102771$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP363
=082  04$a660$223
=100  1\$aHuang, Y.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAnalysis of Impact of Various Factors on Downwind Deposition Using a Simulation Method /$cY. Huang, W. Zhan, B. Fritz, S. Thomson, A. Fang.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b44
=520  3\$aThe drift of aerially applied crop protection and production materials is studied using a novel simulation-based design of experiments approach. Many factors that can potentially contribute to downwind deposition from aerial spray application are considered. This new approach can provide valuable information about the significant level of the impact from all factors and interactions among them that affect drift using simulation software such as AGDISP. The application efficiency, the total downwind drift, the cumulative downwind deposition between 30.48 m (100 ft) and 45.72 m (150 ft), and the deposition at 30.48 m (100 ft), 76.2 m (250 ft), and 152.4 m (500 ft) are established as the performance metrics. The most significant factors will be identified using statistical analysis based on simulation results, and suggestions for improvement will be made. Through preliminary study, the new simulation-based method has shown the potential for statistic analysis without conducting time-consuming field experiments. The new method can be used to search for the optimal spray conditions, which could be used to generate guidelines for applicators to achieve an optimal spray result. The effective use of simulation tool through the identification of significant factors can greatly simplify the field study.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSpray drying.
=650  \0$aDrying.
=650  \0$aSpraying.
=650  \0$aAerial application.
=650  \0$aSimulation.
=650  \0$aDesign of experiments.
=650  \0$aSpray drift.
=650  14$aSpray drift.
=650  24$aAerial application.
=650  24$aSimulation.
=650  24$aDesign of experiments.
=700  1\$aZhan, W.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFritz, B.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aThomson, S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFang, A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102771.htm

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=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102775$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102775$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTL795.5
=082  04$a629.47/1$223
=100  1\$aFritz, Bradley K.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEvaluation of Spray Drift Using Low-Speed Wind Tunnel Measurements and Dispersion Modeling /$cBradley K. Fritz, W. Clint Hoffmann, Norman B. Birchfield, Jay Ellenberger, Faruque Khan, W. E. Bagley, Jonathan W. Thornburg, Andrew Hewitt.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b14
=520  3\$aThe EPA’s proposed test plan for the validation testing of pesticide spray drift reduction technologies (DRTs) for row and field crops, focusing on the evaluation of ground application systems using the low-speed wind tunnel measurements and dispersion modeling, was evaluated. Relative drift reduction potential for a given DRT tested in a low-speed wind tunnel is derived from airborne droplet size measurements and airborne and deposited liquid volume measurements downwind from the spray nozzle. Measurements of droplet size and deposition data were made in a low-speed wind tunnel using standard reference nozzles. A blank emulsifiable concentration spray was applied at two different wind speeds. The wind tunnel dispersion (WTDISP) model was used to evaluate the drift potentials of each spray using the droplet size and spray flux measured in the wind tunnel. The specific objectives were (1) the evaluation of model accuracy by comparison of modeled downwind deposition to that measured in the wind tunnel, (2) the evaluation of drift reduction potential of the spray nozzles relative to a reference nozzle, and (3) the determination of low-speed wind tunnel data collection requirements for model input to optimize the evaluation process. The modeled deposition data did not compare well to the measured deposition data, but this was expected as the model was not meant to be used for this purpose. The tested nozzles were rated using the International Standards Organization drift classification standard. The drift ratings generally showed trends of larger droplet producing nozzles having greater drift reduction ratings. An examination of several scenarios using reduced model input requirements, which would decrease the low-speed wind tunnel data collection time, did not show any conclusive results. They suggest that further testing and refinement of the data collection process and the WTDISP model may support wider use of this system for the assessment of DRTs.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAstronomie.
=650  \0$aReusable space vehicles.
=650  \0$aWind tunnel testing.
=650  \0$aSpray droplet sizing.
=650  \0$aDrift.
=650  14$aDrift.
=650  24$aDRT.
=650  24$aDrift reduction technology.
=650  24$aSpray droplet sizing.
=700  1\$aHoffmann, W. Clint,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBirchfield, Norman B.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aEllenberger, Jay,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKhan, Faruque,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBagley, W. E.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aThornburg, Jonathan W.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHewitt, Andrew,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102775.htm

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=001  JAI102776
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102776$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102776$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTD811.5
=082  04$a628.5/3$223
=100  1\$aFritz, Bradley K.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSimulating and Characterizing Agricultural Ground Applications for Soil VOC Deposition Studies /$cBradley K. Fritz, W. Clint Hoffmann, Arlean Rohde, Christopher Warren, William Brock Faulkner.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b14
=520  3\$aReactive volatile organic compounds (VOCs) play a major role in the formation of photochemical oxidants in the atmosphere by reacting with oxides of nitrogen and solar ultraviolet energy producing ozone, which is a criteria pollutant regulated under the National Ambient Air Quality Standards. The United States is one of the most agriculturally productive countries in the world due in part to the use of chemical pesticides that consist of active ingredients that are typically non-volatile or semi-VOCs and inert ingredients such as solvents, emulsifiers, and diluents that may also be volatile. Presently, the VOC determination of emission factors from agricultural pesticide applications assumes that all of the inert VOC ingredients volatilize. This research focuses on the development of a laboratory methodology for applying agricultural spray formulations in accurate and measurable levels to support VOC deposition onto and loss from soil surfaces. Adapting a laboratory spray table system with a modified spray and deposition sampling scheme resulted in repeatable spray applications, with the deposition pattern being mapped across the treatment area. These mapped deposition values allow for measurements from soil samples to be correlated with actual spray deposition. This methodology provides for a rapid and repeatable means for surveying VOC deposition and losses from a variety of spray formulations under varying spray rates and spray droplet sizes.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aVolatile organic compounds$xAnalysis.
=650  \0$aVolatile organic compounds$xEnvironmental aspects.
=650  \0$aVolatile organic compounds$xHealth aspects.
=650  \0$aSpray table.
=650  \0$aSpray deposition.
=650  \0$aSpray simulation.
=650  14$aVolatile organic compounds (VOCs)
=650  24$aSpray table.
=650  24$aSpray simulation.
=650  24$aSpray deposition.
=700  1\$aHoffmann, W. Clint,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRohde, Arlean,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWarren, Christopher,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFaulkner, William Brock,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102776.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102777
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102777$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102777$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA681
=082  04$a624.1/834$223
=100  1\$aAl-Akhras, Nabil M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPerformance of Olive Waste Ash Concrete Exposed to Thermal Cycling /$cNabil M. Al-Akhras, Mousa F. Attom, Khaled M. Al-Akhras.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b16
=520  3\$aThis paper explores the influence of olive waste ash (OWA) on the performance of concrete to thermal cycling. The performance of concrete to thermal cycling was evaluated by measuring the compressive strength, electrical conductance, and visual inspection of cracks in concrete specimens. Three OWA replacements were utilized in the study: 7, 15, and 22 % by weight of sand. The other experimental parameters investigated in the study were aggregate type (crushed limestone and volcanic pumice), water to cement (w/c) ratio (0.4 and 0.6), and curing type (moist and autoclaving curing). After the initial moist curing, concrete specimens were exposed to thermal cycling regime in the range from 30 to 150°C during a period of 24 h using an electric furnace. The results of the study showed that thermal cycling of OWA concrete resulted in significant cracks and damage in concrete specimens. The OWA concrete was found more resistant to thermal cycling compared to plain concrete. Additionally, the resistance of OWA concrete to thermal cycling increased with increasing the OWA content. The OWA concrete containing pumice aggregate showed more resistance to thermal cycling than OWA concrete containing limestone aggregate. The resistance of OWA concrete at w/c ratio of 0.4 to thermal cycling was observed higher compared to OWA concrete at w/c ratio of 0.6. The autoclaved OWA concrete showed higher improvement to thermal cycling than the moist cured OWA concrete.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aConcrete construction$xMaintenance and repair.
=650  \0$aWaterproofing.
=650  \0$aConcrete coatings.
=650  \0$aConcrete.
=650  \0$aAutoclaving.
=650  \0$aThermal cycling.
=650  \0$aCompressive strength.
=650  \0$aOlive waste ash.
=650  14$aAutoclaving.
=650  24$aCompressive strength.
=650  24$aConcrete.
=650  24$aElectrical conductance.
=650  24$aOlive waste ash.
=650  24$aThermal cycling.
=700  1\$aAttom, Mousa F.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAl-Akhras, Khaled M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102777.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102786
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2011\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102786$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102786$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRA1190
=082  04$a363.1791$223
=100  1\$aMcCoy, Michael J.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aMesothelioma in Drywall Finishing Workers /$cMichael J. McCoy, Matthew E. Wolter, Kim E. Anderson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2011.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b79
=520  3\$aIn this manuscript, we evaluate the context in which workers were exposed to drywall joint compound based on the state-of-the-art of the construction industry during the post-World War II era through the 1970s and conduct a review of the scientific literature associated with the drywall trade and occupational exposure to airborne asbestos from drywall finishing work practices. Specifically, this manuscript evaluates the epidemiologic literature describing the apparent lack of association of mesothelioma to asbestos fibers utilized in drywall finishing materials in workers who were potentially occupationally exposed to short-fiber chrysotile asbestos contained in some drywall joint compound products during the post-World War II era through the early to mid-1970s. This manuscript also provides an understanding of the state-of-the-art in drywall joint compound manufacturing during this period.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aChrysotile$xEffets physiologiques.
=650  \0$aChrysotile$xToxicologie.
=650  \0$aChrysotile$xSécurité$xMesures.
=650  \0$aMesothelioma.
=650  \0$aChrysotile.
=650  \0$aShort-fiber.
=650  \0$aAsbestos.
=650  \0$aDrywall tapers.
=650  14$aChrysotile.
=650  24$aAsbestos.
=650  24$aMesothelioma.
=650  24$aDrywall joint compound.
=650  24$aDrywall tapers.
=650  24$aShort-fiber.
=700  1\$aWolter, Matthew E.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAnderson, Kim E.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 8, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2011$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102786.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102788
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2011\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102788$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102788$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA473
=082  04$a620.1/76$223
=100  1\$aKobasko, Nikolai I.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aCorrelation Between Chemical Composition of Steel, Optimal Hardened Layer, and Optimal Residual Stress Distribution /$cNikolai I. Kobasko.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2011.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (16 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b21
=520  3\$aA method for optimizing the chemical composition of steels to obtain optimal residual stress distribution throughout the section of a steel part is proposed, which is based on the analytical equation for the calculation of ideal critical diameter (DI). The advantage of this method consists of the opportunity to calculate the ideal critical size for a variety of geometries on the basis of their respective continuos-cooling transformation (CCT) diagrams. Detailed discussions are provided relating to the optimal depth of the hardened layer, which provides high surface compressive residual stresses and minimal tensile stresses in the core. It is also shown that the ratio of the DI to the diameter of the part with an optimal residual stress distribution should be the same, that is, DI/Dopt=const with steel parts of varying sizes. This relationship can be used for the development of new technologies for large-sized parts based on the results obtained for small parts. The service life of steel parts increases after intensive quenching due to the formation of high surface compressive residual stresses and improved mechanical properties. During intensive quenching, the effect of additional strengthening (super strengthening) of the material is observed, which is connected with the intensification of cooling process within the martensite range.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aResidual stresses.
=650  \0$aSteel$xFatigue.
=650  \0$aService life.
=650  \0$aSuper strengthening.
=650  \0$aChemical composition.
=650  14$aChemical composition.
=650  24$aOptimal hardened layer.
=650  24$aCompressive residual stresses.
=650  24$aSuper strengthening.
=650  24$aService life.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 8, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2011$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102788.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102791
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102791$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102791$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRA1247.C65
=082  04$a615.9/1$223
=100  1\$aSanto Filho, Dalni Malta do Espirito,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Influence of the Addition of Oils in the Diesel Fuel Density /$cDalni Malta do Espirito Santo Filho, Fernando Luiz Barbuda De Abreu, Roberto Guimarães Pereira, José Júlio Pinheiro dos Santos Júnior, José Renato Real Siqueira, Paulo Lyra Simões Ferreira, Thales de Paula Barbosa, Leandro Santos Lima, Felipe de Oliveira Baldner.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b18
=520  3\$aThe world is looking for changes in its energetic matrix through the use of biofuels to reduce the dependence on oil derivatives. Currently, the number of studies concerning mixtures of triglycerides from animals or plants with diesel fuel has risen due to efforts to reduce the consumption of diesel oil. This paper studies the behavior of the density of plant oils mixed with diesel fuel in relation to temperature, which is essential to guarantee engine efficiency. The density is related to the mass and to the volume being a critical property to the assessment of the subministered energy to the engine by the injection system, which behaves like a pump of positive displacement. Samples of the diesel fuel mixture were made with plant triglycerides in proportion and range of ∼5–20%. The densities of the samples were measured in a density meter with temperature varying between 18 and 25°C, as well as at 15°C, according to ASTM standard. Afterwards, the uncertainties of measurement were calculated, and the density change with respect to temperature is presented and shown in density variation curves. An analysis of the density variation curves shows that.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aDiesel fuels$xToxicology.
=650  \0$aHexachloroethane$xToxicology.
=650  \0$aSmoke screens$xToxicology.
=650  \0$aDensity meter.
=650  \0$aVegetable oils.
=650  \0$aDensity.
=650  14$aVegetable oils.
=650  24$aDensity.
=650  24$aDensity meter.
=650  24$aUncertainty of measurement.
=700  1\$aDe Abreu, Fernando Luiz Barbuda,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPereira, Roberto Guimarães,$eauthor.
=700  1\$ados Santos Júnior, José Júlio Pinheiro,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSiqueira, José Renato Real,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aFerreira, Paulo Lyra Simões,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBarbosa, Thales de Paula,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLima, Leandro Santos,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBaldner, Felipe de Oliveira,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102791.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102793
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2011\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102793$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102793$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQR1
=082  04$a576.648/4$223
=100  1\$aBehle, Robert W.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aImproving Formulations for Biopesticides :$bEnhanced UV Protection for Beneficial Microbes /$cRobert W. Behle, David L. Compton, James A. Kenar, David I. Shapiro-Ilan.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2011.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b63
=520  3\$aAs environmentally conscious consumers push for environmentally friendly pest control, interest in controlling insects with microbial-based biopesticides increases. Specific bacteria, fungi, and viruses can provide effective pest control when sprayed onto plants. However, these microbes are rapidly degraded by sunlight, which limits their field efficacy. One strategy to combat this degradation is to develop formulations to protect the beneficial microbe from sunlight energy, specifically the ultraviolet (UV) wavelengths. Formulation technologies (ingredients and processes) continue to be developed and adapted to provide UV protection. We have been conducting research on soyscreen and lignin as formulation ingredients to provide UV protection to a variety of insect pathogens. Soyscreen consists of feruloylated soy glycerides (FSG) specifically developed to absorb UV energy. Previous research demonstrated that FSG in oil-based formulations protected the viability of hydrophobic fungal conidia of Beauveria bassiana exposed to simulated sunlight, but not when applied in the field to oil absorbing substrates, including cabbage and tree bark. To prevent the FSG from being absorbed, the oil was encapsulated in starch using a jet cooking process forming a product with improved UV absorption. These starch-FSG composites may be useful to formulate aqueous-based systems without synthetic surfactants to deliver and protect microbial biopesticides. Lignin has been used with a spray-drying process to encapsulate insecticidal viruses, which are extremely sensitive to degradation by sunlight. The insoluble particles remain intact during application and can extend insecticidal activity by several days. Techniques are currently being developed to produce an adjuvant formulation with water-soluble lignin in an effort to provide UV protection for a broader range of commercial pesticides. These technologies are considered to be environmentally benign and are intended to fit in the biopesticide concept. The versatility of combining various products and processes provides variable formulations, some of which are suitable for specific biopesticide applications.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBaculoviruses.
=650  \0$aInsect Viruses$xgenetics.
=650  \0$aMolecular Biology.
=650  \0$aBeauveria bassiana.
=650  \0$aBiopesticide.
=650  \0$aEncapsulation.
=650  \0$aFormulation.
=650  \0$aLignin.
=650  \0$aSoyscreen.
=650  \0$aBaculovirus.
=650  \0$aAdjuvant.
=650  14$aBiopesticide.
=650  24$aFormulation.
=650  24$aUV.
=650  24$aSoyscreen.
=650  24$aLignin.
=650  24$aEncapsulation.
=650  24$aAdjuvant.
=650  24$aBeauveria bassiana.
=650  24$aBaculovirus.
=700  1\$aCompton, David L.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKenar, James A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aShapiro-Ilan, David I.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 8, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2011$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102793.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102797
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102797$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102797$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRA1225
=082  04$a615.9/54$223
=100  1\$aKhan, Faruque A.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aValidation Testing of Drift Reduction Technology Testing Protocol /$cFaruque A. Khan, Jay S. Ellenberger, Norman B. Birchfield, Michael Kosusko, Gabriel S. Rothman.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b15
=520  3\$aA number of pesticide application technologies offer the potential to reduce spray drift from pesticide applications. However, limited information exists on the effectiveness of these technologies in reducing spray drift. Working with a stakeholder technical panel under EPA’s Environmental Technology Council, the Office of Pesticide Programs in EPA has developed and is in the process of validating a testing protocol to verify the effectiveness of drift reduction technologies (DRTs). The DRT testing protocol was adapted from standard test methods and regulatory methods used in other countries and describes the testing approach that will be used to generate high-quality, peer-reviewed data for DRTs, including test design and quality assurance aspects. Both low-speed and high-speed wind tunnel tests were completed using a reference nozzle and two test nozzles to evaluate the performance of the generic DRT testing protocol. By Summer 2010, EPA anticipates to finalize this testing protocol based on the test results performed by EPA and other stakeholders. As a next step, EPA intends to encourage equipment manufacturers to voluntarily use the protocol for testing their equipment. Tested technologies that are proven to significantly reduce spray drift may be considered for addition to pesticide product labels by pesticide registrants and by EPA in its risk assessment and management decisions for the registration of new pesticide and uses and registration review (reevaluation) of currently registered pesticides. Pesticide product labels citing the use of DRTs could have reduced restrictions for applications, provide applicators with greater flexibility, and result in less off-target pesticide deposition. This paper will provide an update of EPA’s efforts to validate the DRT testing protocol and discuss future plans for using a validated protocol in evaluating DRTs in an effort to reduce load from unintended spray drift of pesticides in the environment.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPesticides$xadverse effects.
=650  \0$aFood Contamination.
=650  \0$aPesticide Residues.
=650  \0$aPesticide.
=650  \0$aDrift reduction.
=650  \0$aRisk reduction.
=650  \0$aVerification.
=650  \0$aSpray drift.
=650  \0$aTechnology.
=650  14$aPesticide.
=650  24$aSpray drift.
=650  24$aDrift reduction.
=650  24$aTechnology.
=650  24$aRisk reduction.
=650  24$aVerification.
=700  1\$aEllenberger, Jay S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBirchfield, Norman B.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKosusko, Michael,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRothman, Gabriel S.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102797.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102800
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102800$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102800$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQD281.P6
=082  04$a547/.84$223
=100  1\$aLeming, Donald,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDevelopment of a Novel Solvent-Based Formulation for Pesticides That Are Prone to Crystallization /$cDonald Leming, Valter Moreno, Gianfranco Paganini.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aMany of today’s most widely used pesticidal active ingredients (AIs) are crystalline solids with limited solubility in commonly used aromatic or aliphatic solvent systems. Many of those solid AIs can only be dissolved at suitable concentrations in very polar or slightly water-soluble solvents, such as cyclohexanone, isophorone, N-methylpyrrolidone, etc. The disadvantage of these solvents is that when they are used as the sole dissolving agent, they can lead to the crystallization of the AI upon dilution of the formulation with water, making the effective and uniform application of the AI impossible due to nozzle and/or filter plugging. In the United States, for example, products containing the azole fungicide, tebuconazole, are therefore mainly formulated as suspension concentrates rather than emulsifiable concentrates (ECs). We have developed a novel solvent-based EC formulation, which inhibits crystal growth when used with a variety of pesticidal actives, including triazole fungicides, in their concentrated and diluted aqueous compositions. This was achieved using a composition containing a water-insoluble solvent together with other stabilizers. This composition was used to prepare formulations of pesticidal AIs with a concentration from 200 to 250 AI g/L. The crystallization of the AI is prevented by the liquid composition, whose ingredients act not only as solvents but also as crystallization inhibitors during the application of the pesticide concentrate as a diluted aqueous spray. This paper presents data on the physical stability of the concentrated formulations, as well as for diluted aqueous spray mixtures, showing that no crystals will form under simulated use conditions. Specific illustrations of this novel approach to solving the complex crystallization problems associated with the above-mentioned class of “problematic” pesticidal compounds include several tebuconazole-based EC formulations. We will also present results from field trials to show their biological performance.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aChemical equilibrium.
=650  \0$aPolymers.
=650  \0$aCrystalline polymers.
=650  \0$aConquista.
=650  \0$aFungicide.
=650  \0$aTebuconazole.
=650  \0$aTriazole.
=650  \0$aCrystallization.
=650  \0$aFormulation.
=650  \0$aSoybean.
=650  \0$aInhibitors.
=650  \0$aAsian soybean rust.
=650  \0$aGlycine max.
=650  14$aCrystallization.
=650  24$aInhibitors.
=650  24$aFormulation.
=650  24$aTebuconazole.
=650  24$aTriazole.
=650  24$aFungicide.
=650  24$aGlycine max.
=650  24$aConquista.
=650  24$aSoybean.
=650  24$aAsian soybean rust.
=700  1\$aMoreno, Valter,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPaganini, Gianfranco,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102800.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102805
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102805$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102805$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC173.458.S62
=082  04$a530.413$223
=100  1\$aGandrud, Dale E.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAfter 30 Years, How ASTM E35.22 and Gandy Company Have Survived Change /$cDale E. Gandrud.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references.
=520  3\$aASTM E35 was organized in 1973 so industry, academic and government sectors can provide valuable assistance to EPA. Initially E35.22 equipment subcommittee concentrated on standard test methods characterizing equipment performance.  When granular guidelines were proposed to restrict characteristics allowed in commercial formulation, the formulation chemists became involved in that subcommittee.  They found E35.22 was a forum they could meet and contribute to the effort working with the engineers who founded the subcommittee.  Within 4 four years, the chemist and their suppliers became the majority, far outnumbering the engineers.  E35 has benefited greatly from that development.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aGranular materials$xPermeability.
=650  \0$aSoft condensed matter.
=650  \0$aWetting.
=650  \0$aGranular guidelines.
=650  14$aASTM E35 history.
=650  24$aE35 symposium history.
=650  24$aGranular guidelines.
=650  24$aEPA and ASTM E35.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102805.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102811
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2011\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102811$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102811$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aPZ7.7.H65
=082  04$a741.5/9$223
=100  1\$aBianchi, Giannina,$eauthor.
=245  10$aHelmet Use and Self-Reported Risk Taking in Skiing and Snowboarding /$cGiannina Bianchi, Othmar Brügger, Steffen Niemann, Mario Cavegn.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2011.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b23
=520  3\$aThe aim of this study is to examine the correlation between helmet use and on-slope ski conduct. During the months of February and March 2009, eight trained interviewers asked 1550 skiers and snowboarders at 20 ski resorts in the German and French speaking parts of Switzerland a series of questions. The skiers and snowboarders were asked about their reasons for wearing or not wearing a helmet and about their behavior and conduct on the slopes. Three categories of people were identified: (1) Helmet wearers, (2) those who do not wear a helmet but intend to buy one, and (3) those who do not wear a helmet and have no intention of buying one. After assessing the outcome of the survey by performing a variance analysis, significant differences were found between the self-reported on-slope conduct of the helmet wearers and those who choose not to wear a helmet. No difference in self-rated ski conduct was found between the two categories of people not wearing a helmet. A stepwise multivariate logistic regression was used to compare the different control factors on self-reported risk behavior. To summarize, by becoming a helmet wearer, skiers and snowboarders tend to demonstrate a greater degree of willingness to take risks on the slopes. For this reason, the theory of risk compensation cannot be entirely ruled out. More importantly, however, independent variables such as age, gender, number of falls per day, or years of experience were found to make a far greater contribution toward helping us understand a person’s willingness to take risks while skiing or snowboarding.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aGraphic novels.
=650  \0$aImagination$xFiction.
=650  \0$aSnowboarding$xFiction.
=650  \0$aRisk-taking.
=650  \0$aSkiing.
=650  \0$aSnowboarding.
=650  \0$aRisk compensation.
=650  \0$aSnow sport.
=650  \0$aSafety.
=650  14$aHelmet.
=650  24$aRisk compensation.
=650  24$aRisk-taking.
=650  24$aSkiing.
=650  24$aSnowboarding.
=650  24$aSafety.
=650  24$aSnow sport.
=700  1\$aBrügger, Othmar,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNiemann, Steffen,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aCavegn, Mario,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 8, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2011$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102811.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102814
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102814$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102814$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aPN1992.77
=082  04$a791.45/72$223
=100  1\$aSchmitt, Kai-Uwe,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAnalyzing the Riding Behavior of Recreational Skiers and Snowboarders /$cKai-Uwe Schmitt, Peter Niemetz, Markus Muser.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b6
=520  3\$aVideo recordings of a ski slope were used in combination with a video-based tracking software to analyze the riding behavior of skiers and snowboarders. It was shown that the methodology is a powerful tool to measure biomechanical parameters such as the speed and curve radii of individual skiers and snowboarders. A total of 6821 observations was recorded and evaluated. Average riding speeds ranged from 16 to 32 km/h (on the different parts of the slope that were analyzed) with maximum speeds of up to 113 km/h. Average curve radii between 6.2 and 9.3 m were measured.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSnowboarders$xDrama.
=650  \0$aChildren's films.
=650  \0$aSnowboarding.
=650  \0$aTrauma.
=650  \0$aSnowboard.
=650  \0$aSkiing.
=650  \0$aBiomechanics.
=650  \0$aCurve radius.
=650  \0$aSports.
=650  14$aSkiing.
=650  24$aSnowboard.
=650  24$aSpeed.
=650  24$aCurve radius.
=650  24$aBiomechanics.
=650  24$aSports.
=650  24$aTrauma.
=700  1\$aNiemetz, Peter,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMuser, Markus,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102814.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102815
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102815$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102815$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aKF26
=082  04$a333.79/68$223
=100  1\$aBurtscher, M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aGender-Specific Effects of Smoking and Alcohol Consumption on the Risk of Falling in Downhill Skiers /$cM. Burtscher, R. Pühringer, I. Werner, G. Ruedl, R. Sommersacher, T. Woldrich, W. Nachbauer.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (4 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b15
=520  3\$aMore than 90 % of all accidents on ski slopes are caused by falls without other skiers involved. Only little information is available about causes of falling. Recently, we identified several risk factors and triggers, including alcohol consumption and smoking, associated with an increased fall risk. The main goal of the present study was to focus on gender-specific effects of smoking and alcohol consumption on the risk of falling in downhill skiers. Randomized inquiries were performed on five occasions in five ski areas where 1607 downhill skiers, 928 males and 679 females, were interviewed by a standardized questionnaire. Data were collected on demographic characteristics, smoking habits, regular physical activity, skiing skills, preferred slopes, alcohol consumption, snow and weather conditions, and the number of preceding falls on the day of the inquiry. Conditional logistic-regression analysis was used to estimate adjusted odds ratios for fall outcome. Logistic-regression analysis revealed that the fall risk during skiing was increased only in males that are 30 years of age or older: 1.6-fold when they were non-smokers but drank alcohol and 2.2-fold when they were smokers and drank alcohol on the skiing day. In female skiers, this risk was increased in the age groups below 30 and those 30 years and older: 1.9- and 2.2-fold for smokers who did not drink alcohol, 2.2- and 2.8-fold when they were non-smokers but consumed alcohol, and 3.4- and 5.1-fold when they were smokers and drank alcohol on the skiing day. These findings demonstrate that being a smoker or drinking alcohol on the skiing day increases the risk of falling especially in female downhill skiers. The combination of both factors results in an additive risk increase. The avoidance of these risk factors could help to reduce the frequency of falls and probably also that of injuries particularly in female skiers.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aAlcohol as fuel.
=650  \0$aAutomobiles$xFuel consumption.
=650  \0$aMethanol as fuel.
=650  \0$aAlpine skiing.
=650  \0$aInjury prevention.
=650  \0$aFemale skiers.
=650  \0$aRisk factors.
=650  14$aAlpine skiing.
=650  24$aFemale skiers.
=650  24$aInjury prevention.
=650  24$aRisk factors.
=700  1\$aPühringer, R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWerner, I.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRuedl, G.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSommersacher, R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWoldrich, T.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNachbauer, W.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102815.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102817
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102817$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102817$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aPZ7.7.H65
=082  04$a741.5/9$223
=100  1\$aEkeland, Arne,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSkiing and Boarding Injuries on Norwegian Slopes during Two Winter Seasons /$cArne Ekeland, Andreas Rødven.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b21
=520  3\$aA central ski patrol-based registration of skiing and boarding injuries was performed by the Norwegian Ski Lift Association during the winter seasons of 2006/2007 and 2007/2008. A total of 8149 injured skiers/boarders and 6.024 million skier/boarder days were recorded during the two seasons, giving an injury rate of 1.35 injured per 1000 skier/boarder days. Most of the injuries occurred during alpine skiing (64 %) and snowboarding (31 %), compared to telemark skiing (2 %) and skiboarding (3 %). Wrist injuries were common among injured snowboarders (25 %) compared to 4–6 % for the others (P<0.001). The knee was the main injury location in alpine skiers (25 %) compared to 21 % among skiboarders, 19 % among telemarkers, and only 8 % among snowboarders (P<0.001). The percentage of knee injuries in females (30 %) was almost twice as high as for males (16 %) (P<0.001), whereas shoulder injuries was twice as high in males (16 %) as in females (7 %) (P<0.001). As percent of all injuries injured snowboarders suffered more fractures (30 %) than skiboarders (27 %), alpine (22 %), and telemark skiers (18 %) (P<0.001), but fracture of the lower leg was uncommon among snowboarders (0.5 %) and telemarkers (0.6 %) compared to alpine skiers (6 %) and skiboarders (9 %) (P<0.001). Lower leg fractures accounted for 5 % of the injured alpine skiers 20 years and older, 3 % for adolescents aged 13–19 years compared to 12 % for children 12 years and younger (P<0.001). Nineteen percent of the skiers/boarders were injured in terrain parks. They suffered more fractures and back injuries than those injured at other locations (P<0.001). Fifty-seven percent of injured skiers/boarders used helmet, and they had a lower prevalence of head injuries (15.9 %) than those without helmet (18.2 %) (P<0.01). In conclusion, injured alpine skiers were most prone to knee injuries, and skiboarders to lower leg fractures. This fracture was still a common injury for children in these two disciplines. Injured snowboarders were most prone to suffer wrist injuries. The prevalence of knee injuries among females was almost twice that of males, whereas the reverse was observed for shoulder injuries. Injured skiers/boarders wearing a helmet had a lower prevalence of head injuries than those without helmet.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aGraphic novels.
=650  \0$aImagination$xFiction.
=650  \0$aSnowboarding$xFiction.
=650  \0$aSkiing trauma.
=650  \0$aSkiboarding.
=650  \0$aSkiing.
=650  \0$aSnowboarding.
=650  \0$aChildren.
=650  \0$aAthletic injuries.
=650  \0$aFractures.
=650  \0$aSports.
=650  \0$aSprains.
=650  \0$aTibial fractures.
=650  14$aAge factors.
=650  24$aAthletic injuries.
=650  24$aChildren.
=650  24$aFractures.
=650  24$aSkiing.
=650  24$aSkiing trauma.
=650  24$aSnowboarding.
=650  24$aSkiboarding.
=650  24$aSports.
=650  24$aSprains.
=650  24$aTibial fractures.
=700  1\$aRødven, Andreas,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102817.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102818
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102818$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102818$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRS201.S57
=082  04$a615/.19$223
=100  1\$aWaddington, Gordon Stuart,$eauthor.
=245  10$aHydration Packs Modify Professional Skiers Hydration Levels in All Day Skiing :$bA Randomized Controlled Trial /$cGordon Stuart Waddington, Tracey J. Dickson, Stephen Douglas Trathen , Roger David Adams.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b14
=520  3\$aThe effect of a backpack hydration system on hydration levels of professional snowsport employees was explored by an interdisciplinary research team. On two consecutive days, a total of 33 subjects was involved in a study where on one day they would wear a backpack hydration pack, while on the other day they would hydrate as per their normal work practice. When the two days were compared, wearing a hydration pack resulted in significantly higher levels of hydration, 0.4 % (95 % CI 0.017–0.765, range of −1.40–3.00 %) significant at a 0.05 two-tailed level, at the end of the day. It is not clear as to whether this level of hydration change is important in terms of impacting on the skills required for safe snowsports participation. However, if the effects are continuous, any negative hydration change may be associated with some level of performance loss. This research raises important questions related to access to water by all users of snowsport resorts. If hydration levels may be impacted upon by the use of hydration packs, there may be other aspects of the design “equation” that may facilitate optimal hydration levels for snowsport participants.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPolymorphism (Crystallography)
=650  \0$aSolid dosage forms.
=650  \0$aSolvation.
=650  \0$aDesign.
=650  \0$aHydration.
=650  \0$aSnowsports.
=650  \0$aInjury.
=650  14$aHydration.
=650  24$aSnowsports.
=650  24$aInjury.
=650  24$aDesign.
=700  1\$aDickson, Tracey J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aTrathen , Stephen Douglas,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aAdams, Roger David,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102818.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102819
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102819$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102819$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aR857.M3
=082  04$a610.28$223
=100  1\$aZhang, W.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aApplication of New Solid Polymeric Dispersant, Easy-Sperse® P-20 (Spray-Dried Polymer Composites) in Suspension Concentrates and Water Dispersible Granule Formulations—Improvement in Suspensibility and Rain-fastnesss /$cW. Zhang, X. Qu, D. Jon, J. Patel, K. S. Narayanan.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b7
=520  3\$aEasy-Sperse® P-20 [ES P-20] is a synergistic, spray-dried composite of polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) and partially neutralized methyl vinyl ether maleic acid butyl/ethyl half ester polymer. In this work, ES P-20 was used as an additive in water-based suspension concentrate (SC) and water dispersible granule (WDG) for improving the suspensibility and rain-fastness performance of those samples. SC samples with 40 % Diuron, 30 % Isoproturon, and 40 % Imidacloprid were prepared. The suspensibility, rain-fastness, viscosity, pH, heat-aged stability, and particle size distribution were measured and compared. Our data showed that the use of ES P-20 could improve the SC suspensibility. The majority of the samples tested reached >70 % suspensibility at 0.2 %, 0.5 %, and 1 % active ingredients after dilution with water and after 4 h standing at room temperature. For some samples, the suspensibility was found to be >90 %, while the formulations without ES P-20 showed a suspensibility of <50 % in most cases. After adding ES P-20, the SC sample with 40 % Diuron also demonstrated better rain-fastness. This indicates that ES P-20 can enhance water resistance during water rinsing. WDG samples with 90 % Atrazine, 80 % Diuron, and 75 % Nicosulfuron were also made successfully using ES P-20 as one of the polymeric dispersants via a laboratory basket extruder. Performance data including friability/hardness, disintegration, wetting time, and suspensibility were evaluated. The data provided illustrate the advantage of using ES P-20 for improving the suspensibility in water. In conclusion, ES P-20 shows synergy with anionic dispersants in dispersing AIs. It also improves heat-aged stability and reduces settling of the AI with time. The formulations with ES P-20 showed increased resistance to water wash in our laboratory tests. The results demonstrated that ES P-20 can be used effectively in formulating zero volatile organic compound compositions like SC and WDG.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPolymeric composites.
=650  \0$aBiomedical materials.
=650  \0$aComposite materials.
=650  \0$aRain-fastness.
=650  \0$aSuspensibility.
=650  14$aEasy-Sperse® P-20.
=650  24$aSuspension concentrates (SCs)
=650  24$aWater dispersible granule (WDG)
=650  24$aSuspensibility.
=650  24$aRain-fastness.
=700  1\$aQu, X.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aJon, D.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPatel, J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNarayanan, K. S.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102819.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102820
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102820$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102820$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aSB953
=082  04$a632.94$223
=100  1\$aHoffmann, W. Clint,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSpray Drift Reduction Evaluations of Spray Nozzles Using a Standardized Testing Protocol /$cW. Clint Hoffmann, Bradley K. Fritz, Jonathan W. Thornburg, W. E. Bagley, Norman B. Birchfield, Jay Ellenberger.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b25
=520  3\$aThe development and testing of drift reduction technologies (DRTs) have come to the forefront of application research in the past few years in the United States. DRTs can be spray nozzles, sprayer modifications, spray delivery assistance, spray property modifiers (adjuvants), and/or landscape modifications. A protocol for testing DRTs in high speed wind tunnels has been previously reported and was expanded to test spray nozzles. This manuscript reports on the initial implementation of the DRT program for conducting DRT evaluations of three spray nozzles under high speed conditions (i.e.,45–65 m/s (100–140 mph)), which are relevant to the aerial application of crop production and protection materials. The spray nozzles were evaluated in the USDA-Agriculture Research Service High Speed Wind Tunnel facility. The droplet size of each of the nozzles with different airspeeds, spray pressures, and orientation was measured with a Sympatec Helos laser diffraction instrument. The droplet size spectra for each test were input in a spray dispersion model (AGDISP), which calculates the downwind drift expected from a typical aerial application scenario. As compared to the reference nozzle, the three spray nozzles reduced spray drift by 70–84 % as compared to the reference nozzle. The nozzles generated spray droplets with volume median diameters 60–80 μm larger than the reference nozzle. One of the aerial application industry’s best management practices (BMPs) is to not spray directly on the downwind edge of a field. The spray swath near this edge is moved upwind (i.e., offset) by 1/2 to 1 swath width. When this BMP was combined with the drift reductions from the spray nozzles, the amount of drift reduction was slightly increased; however, application efficiencies increased to 93–96 %. These results demonstrate the possibility of combining multiple drift reduction techniques and technologies to greatly reduce spray drift.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSpray nozzles$vHandbooks, manuals, etc.
=650  \0$aAerial spraying and dusting in agriculture$xEquipment and supplies$vHandbooks, manuals, etc.
=650  \0$aPesticides$xApplication$vHandbooks, manuals, etc.
=650  \0$aSpray droplet size.
=650  \0$aDroplet sizing.
=650  \0$aDrift.
=650  14$aDrift.
=650  24$aDRT.
=650  24$aDrift reduction technology.
=650  24$aDroplet sizing.
=650  24$aSpray droplet size.
=700  1\$aFritz, Bradley K.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aThornburg, Jonathan W.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBagley, W. E.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aBirchfield, Norman B.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aEllenberger, Jay,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102820.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102821
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102821$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102821$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRC392
=082  04$a616.8/491$223
=100  1\$aStewart, D.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEvaluating the Performance of Helmet Linings Incorporating Fluid Channels /$cD. Stewart, L. R. Young, R. Goel, G. Christou, M. D. Gilchrist.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b15
=520  3\$aPerformance advantages of incorporating fluid channels into a foam made of DERTEXDERTEX Corporation, Southfield, MI, USA. VN600 (vinyl nitrile) are evaluated. This foam has the potential to replace the traditional foam material of helmet liners, like expanded polystyrene (EPS). The experiments involved dropping a certified size E headform vertically onto a flat, solid anvil. Elastically deformable and resilient VN foam outperformed EPS during all impacts. Incorporating a viscous aqueous solution of 30 % by weight glycerin into 3/8 in. (0.95 cm) diameter channels machined through VN foam, reduced the peak headform acceleration by 12 % on first impact compared to VN foam samples without fluid channels. The reduction was 17 % when compared to EPS foam samples. The duration of the first impact increased by 27 % over EPS, significantly lowering the associated head injury criterion values. Repeated impact testing demonstrated an increasing performance advantage of incorporating fluid channels. Samples incorporating 30 % glycerin solution reduced the peak headform acceleration after six impacts by 50 % as compared to EPS.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHeadaches$xEtiology.
=650  \0$aWhiplash injuries.
=650  \0$aHead$xWounds and injuries$xComplications.
=650  \0$aImpact testing.
=650  \0$aVinyl nitrile foam.
=650  \0$aHead injury.
=650  14$aHelmet.
=650  24$aImpact testing.
=650  24$aSki injury.
=650  24$aVinyl nitrile foam.
=650  24$aHead injury.
=700  1\$aYoung, L. R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGoel, R.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aChristou, G.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aGilchrist, M. D.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102821.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102823
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102823$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102823$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRC392
=082  04$a616.8/491$223
=100  1\$aRokyta, Jan,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSkiing and Snowboarding Injuries in the Czech Republic in Winter Seasons 2003–2008 /$cJan Rokyta, Rudolf Chlad.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (4 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b8
=520  3\$aThe goal of our observation was to evaluate the trends in the number and anatomic location of injuries sustained during downhill skiing, snowboarding, and cross-country skiing during the six seasons between 2003 and 2008 in the major skiing areas in the Czech Republic. There is a total of 33 skiing areas in the Czech Republic with a total ski slope length of 350 km and an hourly capacity of 300,000 people. The total number of injuries per season is around 5500, with the majority of the injured being men. An increase in the prevalence of upper extremity and snowboarding injuries was observed, as well as a decrease in the prevalence of head injuries and all sustained during cross-country and downhill skiing. A surprising discovery was that the overall injury rate was ∼1.0 injury/1000 skier or snowboarder days and 0.1 injury/1000 cross-country skier days.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHeadaches$xEtiology.
=650  \0$aWhiplash injuries.
=650  \0$aHead$xWounds and injuries$xComplications.
=650  \0$aSkiing in Czech.
=650  \0$aHead injury.
=650  14$aSkiing in Czech.
=650  24$aMountain rescue service.
=650  24$aHead injury.
=650  24$aUpper extremity injury.
=700  1\$aChlad, Rudolf,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102823.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102824
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102824$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102824$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aGV838.672
=082  04$a797.23$223
=100  1\$aSchott, Wolfgang,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEmergency Release for Winter Sports Equipment /$cWolfgang Schott, Veit Senner.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b10
=520  3\$aUsing a pyrotechnical pill, Winter sports equipment can be electrically released and removed, where mechanical opening is impossible because of missing torque between binding and equipment, e.g., at avalanche and tree-well situations or at ski base jumping with a wingsuit. Since the pill driven binding opening is very fast (∼1 ms), it may also be advantageous at a ski downhill racer accident.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aScuba diving.
=650  \0$aScuba diving$xEquipment and supplies.
=650  \0$aWinter sports.
=650  \0$aTree-well.
=650  \0$aAvalanche situation.
=650  \0$aRescue systems.
=650  \0$aSafety equipment.
=650  14$aSafety equipment.
=650  24$aAvalanche situation.
=650  24$aTree-well.
=650  24$aRescue systems.
=700  1\$aSenner, Veit,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102824.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102826
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102826$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102826$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aGV856.7.A73
=082  04$a796.94097$223
=100  1\$aLingelbach, Bernd,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPolarizing Filters in Ski Sports /$cBernd Lingelbach, Gernot Jendrusch.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b10
=520  3\$aPolarizing filters are suitable, e.g., for driving/motoring. They also have great advantages for sailing or angling. But are they useful in alpine skiing? A natural source for at least partly polarized light is not only the scattered light in the sky but also the reflected light on special materials. The reflected light on snow might be partly polarized, especially for compressed snow (traces in the snow) or ice patches. Depending on the direction of the polarization of a filter, the amount of information might be reduced in a skiing area because these polarized icy patches might become invisible.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSPORTS & RECREATION$xWinter Sports.
=650  \0$aManners and customs.
=650  \0$aSnowmobiling.
=650  \0$aAlpine skiing.
=650  \0$aContrast perception.
=650  14$aContrast perception.
=650  24$aPolarized skiing goggles.
=650  24$aSafety in Winter sports.
=650  24$aAlpine skiing.
=700  1\$aJendrusch, Gernot,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102826.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102827
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102827$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102827$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQH545.S56
=082  04$a577.538099395$223
=100  1\$aFilippi Oberegger, Ulrich,$eauthor.
=245  10$aReaction Forces and Moments in Carved Turns /$cUlrich Filippi Oberegger, Peter Kaps, Walter Kerber, Martin Mössner, Kurt Schindelwig, Werner Nachbauer.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b27
=520  3\$aWe computed reaction forces and moments acting on a skier during a carved turn. We performed an inverse and a forward dynamic analysis. For a run of an elite skier, marker positions on skier and skis were obtained as functions of time from a video analysis and smoothed by splines. Linear velocities and accelerations were computed by differentiating the splines, angular velocities, and accelerations via rotation matrices. The forces acting at the right ski were measured with two Kistler force plates. For the inverse dynamics, we used an adapted Hanavan model for a skier consisting of upper body, left and right thighs, shanks, and skis. Applied forces considered were weight and ski-snow friction. Drag was neglected. By prescribing a lateral weight distribution from the outer to the inner ski during the turn, reaction forces and moments at the left and right ankle, knee and hip joints were computed from the Newton–Euler equations of motion for constrained rigid multibody systems. The forward dynamics was performed with a three-segment model of a mono-skier consisting of trunk, thigh, and shank. Rotational joints were assumed in knee and hip. The track and the joint angles were prescribed. The inward lean angle was determined by a balance condition that led to nonholonomic constraints. After formulating the equations of motion in descriptor form, the resulting differential-algebraic system was solved with the numerical code RADAU5. Computed and measured reaction forces and moments agreed well within the accuracy of the measurements. The calculated joint loads are consistent with results from the literature. The forward dynamics model can be used to simulate consecutive ski turns. With parameter studies, the effects of slope, tracks, segment properties, ski-snow friction, and velocity of the skier on joint loads and performance of a run can be investigated. Further, injury mechanisms can be analyzed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSkis and skiing$xEnvironmental aspects.
=650  \0$aSnow.
=650  \0$aAlpine Stufe.
=650  \0$aAlpine skiing.
=650  \0$aCarved turn.
=650  \0$aInjury prevention.
=650  \0$aSimulation.
=650  \0$aForward dynamics.
=650  \0$aInverse dynamics.
=650  \0$aReaction forces.
=650  \0$aReaction moments.
=650  14$aAlpine skiing.
=650  24$aCarved turn.
=650  24$aReaction forces.
=650  24$aReaction moments.
=650  24$aInverse dynamics.
=650  24$aForward dynamics.
=650  24$aSimulation.
=650  24$aInjury prevention.
=650  24$aDifferential-algebraic equation.
=650  24$aNonholonomic constraints.
=700  1\$aKaps, Peter,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aKerber, Walter,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMössner, Martin,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSchindelwig, Kurt,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aNachbauer, Werner,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102827.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102829
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102829$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102829$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aPZ7.7.H65
=082  04$a741.5/9$223
=100  1\$aHarley, Erin M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aReaction Times of Skiers and Snowboarders /$cErin M. Harley, Irving S. Scher, Lenka Stepan, Douglas E. Young, Jasper Shealy.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b7
=520  3\$aCollisions with obstacles, such as trees, rocks, and other people, are a common occurrence in the sports of skiing and snowboarding. Once an obstacle becomes visible, whether or not the skier has time to avoid it is largely determined by that skier’s reaction time (RT)—the time it takes to detect and identify the obstacle, make a decision about how to respond, and initiate that response. Stopping and turning RTs were measured in ten expert skiers and four expert snowboarders at Mammoth Mountain, California. Participants were told to search for a sign along a closed intermediate course and to execute the instruction on the sign as quickly as possible. The sign was positioned such that it was not visible until participants crested a berm. Two high-speed video cameras captured the movements of each participant. RT was defined as the time between when the sign first came into view and when the skier or snowboarder initiated a response (the time of initial ski, snowboard, or body movement away from the original path or arc of the participant). The average RT for skiers and snowboarders was 856 and 1056 ms, respectively. No difference in RT was observed between stopping and turning responses. These data can be used to estimate the limits of performance for an attentive, experienced skier or snowboarder under good environmental conditions.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aGraphic novels.
=650  \0$aImagination$xFiction.
=650  \0$aSnowboarding$xFiction.
=650  \0$aReaction time.
=650  \0$aSkiing.
=650  \0$aSnowboarding.
=650  \0$aObstacles.
=650  14$aReaction time.
=650  24$aSkiing.
=650  24$aSnowboarding.
=650  24$aObstacles.
=700  1\$aScher, Irving S.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aStepan, Lenka,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aYoung, Douglas E.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aShealy, Jasper,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102829.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102831
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102831$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102831$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aHV575
=082  04$a614.87$223
=100  1\$aFreudiger, Stefan,$eauthor.
=245  10$aRelative Motion of ACL Insertion Points In Vivo :$bA Case Study, Including Skiing Maneuvers /$cStefan Freudiger, Wolfgang Vogt, Dieter Wirz.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b22
=520  3\$aFASTRAK receivers were mounted on Kirschner-wires inserted in the distal femur and proximal tibia, respectively. Relative motions of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) insertion points were calculated for a hypothesised ACL while diagnostic and skiing load cases were applied to the knee. The highest strains, in descending order were: (i) Lachman test (13.5 %), (ii) 20 N•m internal rotation load (10.6 %) and (iii) latero-medial knee movement (6.4 %). The Lachman-procedure not only produces anterior tibial translation (5.5 mm) but as well internal rotation (10.0°). The medial knee movement produces valgus (2.3°) and external rotation (15.6°), but induces flexion (9.7°) as well, which therefore increases ACL load due to a non physiological instantaneous centre of rotation.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSkiing accidents.
=650  \0$aFirst Aid.
=650  \0$aSkiing.
=650  \0$aStrain.
=650  14$aAnterior cruciate ligament.
=650  24$aStrain.
=650  24$aIn vivo.
=650  24$aSkiing injury mechanism.
=650  24$aThree-dimensional knee motion.
=700  1\$aVogt, Wolfgang,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWirz, Dieter,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102831.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102834
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102834$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102834$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQC151.7
=082  04$a532.05$223
=100  1\$aHénault, E.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aComparison of Inclusion Assessment Rating Standards in Terms of Results and Reliability by Numerical Simulation /$cE. Hénault.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aToday, the cleanliness assessment of bearing steel is usually performed by using standard metallographic methods such as ASTM E45, DIN 50602, Norme Internationale ISO 4967, ASTM 2283, etc. These methods are based on the estimation of indexes, and they use either reference images given by charts (Plate I-r for use with ASTM E45) or the principle of the extreme values. The obtained indexes contribute to the quality assessment of a heat. As all these methods do not give the same results, they must be compared to determine the following: First, what the most appropriate method for a given case is and, second, what the reliability of each obtained result is. It is nearly impossible to answer these questions on the basis of a set of experimental measurements coming from these methods. Indeed, this approach is inevitably time-consuming and does not offer any guarantee as to the conclusions. The main reason is that no standard sample exists with known cleanliness properties. To solve this problem, we have developed a simulation approach. In this case, the different methods of cleanliness assessment are simulated on virtual samples. The inclusion populations are perfectly known in this kind of sample (number of inclusions per mm3, sizes, positions, etc.). To create them, the characteristic parameters of these populations (size distribution, elongation distribution, etc.) must be precisely obtained through experiments. To carry this out, an automatic system of measurement has been developed using a scanning electronic microscope and an energy dispersive spectrometer system. The model in this simulation approach takes into account the experimental conditions (detection limit, observed area, etc.) and gives numerical results according to the typical chart taken from the standard methods. So, it is possible to compare and to evaluate the reliability of the results from the different methods or to quantify the effects of a parameter of a method on the results. Moreover, it provides the reliability of an experimental result to meet the requirement of a given customer in a more precise way.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aDifferential equations, Partial$xMathematical models.
=650  \0$aNumerical analysis$xSimulation methods.
=650  \0$aSimulation.
=650  \0$aCleanliness.
=650  \0$aInclusions.
=650  \0$aReliability.
=650  14$aInclusions.
=650  24$aCleanliness.
=650  24$aStandard metallographic method.
=650  24$aSimulation.
=650  24$aReliability.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102834.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102838
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2011\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102838$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102838$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP1180.P65
=082  04$a668.4234$223
=100  1\$aPluimer, Michael,$eauthor.
=245  12$aA Service Life Assessment of Corrugated HDPE Drainage Pipe /$cMichael Pluimer.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2011.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b6
=520  3\$aABSTRACT: The service life of our nation’s infrastructure has become a topic of increasing focus in recent years. While above-ground infrastructure deterioration is readily apparent, the infrastructure beneath the surface can be much worse and yet is often largely ignored until it is too late. Since culverts and other buried structures typically are not inspected as frequently as above-ground structures such as bridges, the proper assessment and determination of their service life becomes very important. The design service life of corrugated high density polyethylene (HDPE) drainage pipe has been a subject of considerable research over the past several years. This paper presents a method for determination of long-term service life of corrugated HDPE pipe by utilizing some of the current widely accepted methods employed by the smooth-walled plastic pipe industry while modifying them somewhat to take into account the unique geometry and installation conditions of buried corrugated pipe. The resulting data when tested in accordance to this protocol indicate a service life in excess of 100 years.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPlastics.
=650  \0$aPlastic.
=650  \0$aCorrugated.
=650  \0$aPipe.
=650  \0$aPolyethylene.
=650  \0$aService life.
=650  \0$aCulvert.
=650  14$aService life.
=650  24$aHDPE.
=650  24$aCorrugated.
=650  24$aPipe.
=650  24$a100 years.
=650  24$aCulvert.
=650  24$aPolyethylene.
=650  24$aPlastic.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 8, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2011$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102838.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102839
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2011\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102839$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102839$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.22
=082  04$a620.1/1233$223
=100  1\$aWalker, Bob,$eauthor.
=245  10$aNorth America’s Cinderella Pipe Story :$bA Look at PVC Pipes’ Climb to the Top /$cBob Walker.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2011.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b40
=520  3\$aRemember the story of Cinderella? Cinderella was too poor and unworthy to ever become a princess. Similarly, when first introduced into the North American pipe market in the 1950s, PVC pipe was admonished by competitors and skeptics as having little chance to succeed. As a substitute for the well-established pipe mainstays of that era—iron, steel reinforced concrete, asbestos cement, and vitrified clay; PVC pipe was initially viewed as having insufficient strength and stiffness to be a viable contender. All of these early views had to be changed. This paper summarily chronicles how the questions and doubts surrounding PVC pipe’s performance capabilities were overcome, including the resolution of subsequently raised concerns. Through the consistent treatment of every issue with rational, technical, research based approaches; combined with an extensive in-service record of admirable performance; the use of PVC pipe has grown steadily through more than five decades. As a direct consequence, PVC pipes now account for the majority of all new water and sanitary sewer installations, exceeding the market shares of all the aforementioned established pipe materials combined. PVC pipe’s fairy godmother is proud, indeed!.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aRheology.
=650  \0$aViscoelastic materials$xThermomechanical properties.
=650  \0$aViscoplasticity.
=650  \0$aViscoelastic.
=650  \0$aAbrasion resistance.
=650  \0$aCorrosion resistance.
=650  \0$aCrack resistance.
=650  \0$aCyclic pressure.
=650  \0$aJoint leakage.
=650  \0$aSustainable.
=650  \0$aTapping.
=650  \0$aHealth.
=650  \0$aLong-term strength.
=650  \0$aStrength.
=650  \0$aDeflection.
=650  \0$aPermeation.
=650  \0$aRoot intrusion.
=650  \0$aDesign basis.
=650  \0$aFusion joints.
=650  \0$aTrenchless.
=650  \0$aEnvironment.
=650  \0$aJoint restraint.
=650  \0$aCapacity.
=650  \0$aEmbodied energy.
=650  \0$aSafety.
=650  14$aPVC pipe.
=650  24$aHealth.
=650  24$aEnvironment.
=650  24$aSafety.
=650  24$aViscoelastic.
=650  24$aLong-term strength.
=650  24$aCapacity.
=650  24$aDesign basis.
=650  24$aCorrosion resistance.
=650  24$aStrength.
=650  24$aDeflection.
=650  24$aCrack resistance.
=650  24$aRoot intrusion.
=650  24$aJoint leakage.
=650  24$aTapping.
=650  24$aJoint restraint.
=650  24$aPermeation.
=650  24$aAbrasion resistance.
=650  24$aCyclic pressure.
=650  24$aSustainable.
=650  24$aEmbodied energy.
=650  24$aGreen.
=650  24$aFusion joints.
=650  24$aHorizontal directional drilling.
=650  24$aTrenchless.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 8, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2011$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102839.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102840
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102840$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102840$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTE215
=082  04$a625.7/34$223
=100  1\$aKurdziel, John M.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aStress Crack Protocol for Finished Product Testing of Corrugated High Density Polyethylene Pipe /$cJohn M. Kurdziel.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b3
=520  3\$aThe primary load bearing component of a dual wall corrugated high density polyethylene pipe is the annular corrugated wall. It is this area that necessitates engineering evaluation with regard to the maximum permissible strains and the associated stress crack resistance of this thermoplastic material. This paper presents the protocol for evaluating the stresses in these critical structural members with new testing methods for determining the long-term stress capacity or service life for these members. This test method provides an alternate long-term stress crack evaluation protocol that will allow the user to design piping systems for a desired service life with more accuracy than simply specifying hydrostatic design basis rated resins.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHigh-density polyethylene.
=650  \0$aPipe, Plastic$xTesting.
=650  \0$aPolyethylene.
=650  \0$aService life.
=650  \0$aStress cracking.
=650  \0$aTest protocol.
=650  \0$aFracture mechanics.
=650  14$aStress cracking.
=650  24$aHDPE.
=650  24$aTest protocol.
=650  24$aCorrugated polyethylene pipe.
=650  24$aService life.
=650  24$aFracture mechanics.
=650  24$aNotch ring compression test.
=650  24$aStress crack resistance.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102840.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102841
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102841$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102841$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTE215
=082  04$a625.7/34$223
=100  1\$aSandstrum, Steve,$eauthor.
=245  10$aGuided Side-Bend :$bAn Alternative Qualification Method for Butt Fusion Joining of Polyethylene Pipe and Fittings /$cSteve Sandstrum, Dudley Burwell, Steve McGriff, Jim Craig, Harvey Svetlik.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (17 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b6
=520  3\$aHistorically, the procedure for butt fusion joining of polyethylene pipe has been qualified on the basis of two fundamental tests that are widely recognized within the industry. These are the tensile-impact (T-I) test method found in ASTM F2634-07 and the reverse-bend (RB) or bend-back test as described in ASTM F2620-06. Both of these test methods have been extensively utilized within the industry, and both have some specific limitations as it relates to qualification of butt fusion joining conducted in the field. ASTM F2634-07 is a highly sophisticated testing method involving precision instrumented laboratory equipment. This makes it impractical for an on-site qualification for butt fusion procedures in the field. The bend-back test, on the other hand, lends itself to field implementation, but as the method is applied to a larger diameter, heavy-walled pipe, the practicality of performing the test and safety considerations become a limiting factor. This paper will examine an alternative test method referred to as guided side-bend or full-face testing that appears very promising as an alternative to the RB test as described in ASTM F2620-06. The test method will be fully described, and data will be presented comparing T-I results and traditional bend-back results to those obtained using the side-bend test method. The discussion of the test results and safety considerations of the proposed test method will be addressed, and conclusions will be drawn regarding its future applicability.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aHigh-density polyethylene.
=650  \0$aPipe, Plastic$xTesting.
=650  \0$aPolyethylene.
=700  1\$aBurwell, Dudley,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMcGriff, Steve,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aCraig, Jim,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aSvetlik, Harvey,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102841.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102843
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102843$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102843$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP1175.E9
=082  04$a668.413$223
=100  1\$aPetroff, Larry J.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aSpecifying Plastic Pipes for Trenchless Applications /$cLarry J. Petroff.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b33
=520  3\$aPlastic pipes are widely used in trenchless applications for both rehabilitation and new construction. What makes a pipe suitable for trenchless installation? What material characteristics and pipe properties should a specifying engineer require from pipe in trenchless applications? Engineers often specify for the same project a number of piping products having significantly different properties. This paper assists the engineer in determining which properties and features are actually important and relevant to a trenchless application and thus which need to be addressed during design. Key properties and features include corrosion resistance, joint reliability, rapid crack propagation resistance, flexibility, static and surge pressure capacity, fatigue resistance, impact strength, pull-in strength, stiffness, safety and ease of tapping and transition to other piping materials, ease of repair, abrasion resistance, cold weather performance, and usage history. The relative importance of these factors to a trenchless application with respect to design, installation, and operation is discussed with an emphasis on the development and preparation of trenchless engineering specifications. In addition, this paper addresses the role that ASTM standards play in defining and quantifying many of these properties. Without standardization it would be hardly possible for a designer to properly select a piping product.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPolyvinyl chloride.
=650  \0$aPipe, Plastic$xDesign and construction.
=650  \0$aPlastics craft.
=650  \0$aPlastic pipe.
=650  \0$aPolyethylene pipe.
=650  \0$aFused joints.
=650  14$aPlastic pipe.
=650  24$aPolyethylene pipe.
=650  24$aPolyvinyl chloride pipe.
=650  24$aFused joints.
=650  24$aHorizontal directional drilling.
=650  24$aTrenchless technology.
=650  24$aRapid crack propagation.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102843.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102846
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2011\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102846$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102846$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aHD9662.P483
=082  04$a338.4766849094$223
=100  1\$aVolgstadt, Frank,$eauthor.
=245  10$aYesterday, Today, and Now :$bPolyamide-11 Gas Piping at 200 psig Under the New Rules /$cFrank Volgstadt.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2011.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (15 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references.
=520  3\$aThis paper will explore and explain the Dec. 24, 2008, PHMSA rulemaking resulting in revisions to 192.123, permitting the use of polyamide-11 (PA-11) plastic gas piping in gas distribution systems at pressures of up to 200 psig using a design factor of 0.4 without waivers or special permits. The paper will also explore (1) PA-11 properties and attributes; (2) PA-11 and polyethylene piping in complimentary but not competing plastic gas piping applications; (3) PA-11 piping as a cost effective alternate to steel piping; (4) updates on some existing, special permit (waiver) installations made prior to the Dec. 24, 2008, rulemaking; (5) standard PA-11 installations as well as unique applications into which PA-11 piping is being introduced; and (6) how to install PA-11 piping.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMarket surveys.
=650  \0$aPlastic pipe industry.
=650  \0$aPolyamide-11.
=650  \0$aGas pipe.
=650  \0$aHigh pressure.
=650  \0$aPlastic pipe.
=650  \0$aGas distribution.
=650  14$aPolyamide-11.
=650  24$aPA-11.
=650  24$aGas pipe.
=650  24$aPlastic pipe.
=650  24$aHigh pressure.
=650  24$aGas distribution.
=650  24$aNylon-11.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 8, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2011$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102846.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102849
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2011\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102849$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102849$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA409
=082  04$a620.1126$223
=100  1\$aMruk, Stanley A.,$eauthor.
=245  14$aThe Hydrostatic Stress Board of Plastics Pipe Institute :$bThe First 50 Years /$cStanley A. Mruk.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2011.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (14 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aThe activities and the policies issued by the Hydrostatic Stress Board (HSB) of the Plastics Pipe Institute have significantly enhanced the reliability of pressure rated thermoplastics pipe and the quality of ASTM, American Water Works Association, and other standards that cover such pipes. HSB policies define procedures for the forecasting of the long-term hydrostatic strength of thermoplastics piping materials and for the reducing of this strength into a hydrostatic design stress (HDS). HSB policies have been developed and are periodically updated under the light of our most current understanding of the factors that affect significant strength under actual service conditions. In support of the development of the most appropriate policies the HSB has also conducted various investigative activities. This paper reports on the major contributions that have been made by the HSB. Furthermore, it does so with reference to an overview of the factors that are now recognized as affecting the significant strength under actual service conditions and those that need to be considered when reducing a particular measure of strength into the most appropriate value of a HDS for an intended application.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aContraintes (Mécanique)
=650  \0$aFracture mechanics.
=650  \0$aDesign factor.
=650  \0$aService factor.
=650  \0$aStandards.
=650  14$aThermoplastics pressure pipe.
=650  24$aHydrostatic design stress.
=650  24$aLong-term hydrostatic strength.
=650  24$aDesign factor.
=650  24$aService factor.
=650  24$aFracture mechanics behavior.
=650  24$aStandards.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 8, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2011$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102849.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102850
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2011\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102850$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102850$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aHD9662.P483
=082  04$a338.4766849094$223
=100  1\$aBoros, Stephen,$eauthor.
=245  10$aLong-Term Hydrostatic Strength and Design of Thermoplastic Piping Compounds /$cStephen Boros.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2011.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b13
=520  3\$aThere has been tremendous growth in the use of thermoplastic piping systems since their introduction more than 50 years ago. They bring a host of benefits in the form of long-term performance and reliability, ease of installation, and not being prone to corrosion and tuberculation. It was clear early on that thermoplastics could not be evaluated in the same way metallic components would be in similar applications. However, over time the understanding of these materials has matured, and as this understanding continues to develop we must not lose sight of the evaluation methodologies used for establishing the long-term hydrostatic strength of these compounds, and how that strength has been successfully used in designing these systems. This paper will give an overview of the basic methodology used to establish the long-term hydrostatic strength of thermoplastic compounds, and how that strength is used for engineering design in a safe and reliable manner.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMarket surveys.
=650  \0$aPlastic pipe industry.
=650  \0$aThermoplastic.
=650  \0$aPlastic pipe.
=650  \0$aStrength.
=650  \0$aDesign.
=650  \0$aStress.
=650  14$aPlastic pipe.
=650  24$aStrength.
=650  24$aDesign.
=650  24$aStress.
=650  24$aThermoplastic.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 8, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2011$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102850.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102851
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2011\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102851$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102851$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aRC372
=082  04$a616.8/53003$223
=100  1\$aHoward, Amster,$eauthor.
=245  10$aHow to Crawl Through a Pipe—Terminology /$cAmster Howard.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2011.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (5 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b7
=520  3\$aPersonal inspections, such as “crawl throughs” or “walk-throughs,” of buried pipelines need standardized terminology for describing the interior condition of a pipe. In many cases, personal inspection is less expensive and more effective than a closed circuit television inspection. Remote video inspection of a pipeline interior is a valuable method of inspecting pipeline interiors. However, when accessible, a personal inspection can provide quantitative data not available from video inspection. The Pipeline Assessment and Certification Program (PACP) of the National Association of Sewer Service Companies promotes a uniform system of describing conditions encountered during video inspections of pipe. However, there are no national standards, programs, or instructions for terminology of observations made during a personal inspection. A condition assessment protocol, such as the PACP system, would also be useful. The descriptive terms and nomenclature of the PACP is generally recommended for use in personal pipeline inspections, modified for the means and methods available during “crawl-through” and “walk-through” investigations.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aEpilepsy$xTerminology.
=650  \0$aEpilepsy$xDictionaries.
=650  \0$aAnticonvulsants$xDictionaries.
=650  \0$aAcceptance.
=650  \0$aPipe.
=650  \0$aCracks deformation.
=650  \0$aInspection.
=650  \0$aTerminology.
=650  14$aPipe.
=650  24$aInspection.
=650  24$aTerminology.
=650  24$aAcceptance.
=650  24$aCracks deformation.
=650  24$aCCTV.
=650  24$aPACP.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 8, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2011$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102851.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102852
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2011\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102852$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102852$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTE215
=082  04$a625.7/34$223
=100  1\$aBrachman, R. W. I.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDesign and Performance of Plastic Drainage Pipes in Environmental Containment Facilities /$cR. W. I. Brachman.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2011.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (13 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b30
=520  3\$aPlastic drainage pipes are an essential component of modern engineered barrier systems used in municipal and hazardous solid waste landfills. The design and performance of plastic pipes in these applications is significantly different than conventional municipal sewers and culverts. For example, the plastic pipe may be surrounded by very coarse gravel backfill which results in additional local bending stresses from the irregular loading and support for the pipe. These plastic pipes also experience local stress concentrations from the perforations required to collect fluid. Both of these factors are exacerbated by potentially large overburden pressures acting above the pipe. They must also perform their function while being exposed to chemicals in landfill leachate for long periods of time and at temperatures significantly larger than those for conventional sewers and culverts. The influence of coarse gravel backfill, large perforations, large overburden stresses, chemical exposure and elevated temperatures on the long-term performance of plastic drainage pipes is examined.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aDrainage pipes$xTesting.
=650  \0$aPipe, Plastic$xTesting.
=650  \0$aPolyethylene.
=650  \0$aAntioxidant depletion.
=650  \0$aLandfills.
=650  \0$aPerforations.
=650  14$aLandfills.
=650  24$aLeachate collection pipes.
=650  24$aPerforations.
=650  24$aAntioxidant depletion.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 8, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2011$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102852.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102854
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2011\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102854$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102854$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP1175.E9
=082  04$a668.413$223
=100  1\$aHayes, Michael D.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aChallenges in Investigating Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride Pipe Failures /$cMichael D. Hayes, Michael L. Hanks, Frank E. Hagan, Dale Edwards, Don Duvall.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2011.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b22
=520  3\$aChlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC) is increasingly replacing steel pipe in fire protection systems due to lower cost and ease of installation. However, CPVC is susceptible to failure by mechanisms other than those typically experienced with steel pipe. The losses and remediation costs associated with a simple pipe failure can be extraordinary, as a failed pipe can cause significant water damage to a high-rise building. Identifying the cause(s) of pipe failure can be challenging for a number of reasons. First, CPVC pipes can fail by several mechanisms, including high pressure, impact, environmental stress cracking (ESC), and manufacturing defects. ESC can be particularly vexing during a failure investigation. Potential ESC agents include many lower molecular weight and highly mobile compounds, which are soluble in the polymer. Common construction compounds such as adhesives, plumber’s putty, fire barrier caulks, cutting oils, and glycol-based antifreezes are potential ESC agents. Second, the situation is complicated by the fact that only trace amounts of a contaminant may be necessary to cause ESC. The pipe failure event also tends to flush out the contaminants, further reducing their concentration on the pipe surface. What little contaminant remains can be difficult to identify or “fingerprint.” In addition, pipe defects including incomplete fusion, thermal damage, excessive residual stresses, or irregular molecular weight distributions may also contribute to ESC failures. Yet, they are not always apparent or easy to detect. This paper explores the challenges encountered during numerous failure investigations and reviews the state of the art in testing and analysis as applied to ESC in CPVC pipes.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPolyvinyl chloride.
=650  \0$aPipe, Plastic$xDesign and construction.
=650  \0$aPlastics craft.
=650  \0$aPipe.
=650  14$aCPVC.
=650  24$aPipe.
=650  24$aEnvironmental stress cracking (ESC)
=700  1\$aHanks, Michael L.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHagan, Frank E.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aEdwards, Dale,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aDuvall, Don,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 8, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2011$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102854.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102855
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2011\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102855$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102855$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN871.25
=082  04$a622.3381$223
=100  1\$aFisher, Craig,$eauthor.
=245  10$aTensile Testing of a Push-On Restrained Joint PVC Pipe /$cCraig Fisher, Guido Quesada.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2011.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (9 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b2
=520  3\$aPipes installed using trenchless methods such as horizontal directional drilling (HDD) are subjected to tensile forces during installation. Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipe employing the Bulldog Restraint System (BRS) is being used for installation via HDD. Tensile tests were conducted for assemblies of PVC pipe 4 in. through 8 in. in diameter using BRS. The test specimens were subjected to constant displacement; load and strain were measured. The observations from and results of the tests are reported in this paper.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aDirectional drilling.
=650  \0$aHorizontal gas well drilling.
=650  14$aPVC pipe.
=650  24$aHorizontal directional drilling (HDD)
=650  24$aInternally restrained joint.
=700  1\$aQuesada, Guido,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 8, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2011$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102855.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102856
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2011\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102856$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102856$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aVM321
=082  04$a623.820230288$223
=100  1\$aFranzen, Tom,$eauthor.
=245  10$aTechnical Considerations When Fabricating PVC Pressure Fittings /$cTom Franzen, Craig Fisher, Shah Rahman.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2011.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references.
=520  3\$aUnlike the fully automated production of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pressure pipes and injection molded fittings that involve large production volumes, manufacture of fabricated PVC pressure fittings is labor-intensive and involves short production runs. Fabricating PVC fittings is as much an art as it is a science. It is important to understand the steps involved in the manufacture process to appreciate the considerable amount of engineering and design that goes into their production. Quality control measures that are in place, as well as the importance of meeting various applicable industry standards, are discussed. Development of various unique configurations of fittings as well as advances in technology within the industry, such as an integral joint restraint mechanism, is also discussed.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBoats and boating$xMaintenance and repair.
=650  \0$aFiberglass boats$xMaintenance and repair.
=650  \0$aWooden boats$xMaintenance and repair.
=650  \0$aFitting manufacture.
=650  \0$aButt fusion.
=650  \0$aBends.
=650  \0$aFiberglass.
=650  14$aPVC fabricated fittings.
=650  24$aFitting manufacture.
=650  24$aTees.
=650  24$aWyes.
=650  24$aBends.
=650  24$aButt fusion.
=650  24$aFiberglass.
=650  24$aIntegrated joint restraint.
=700  1\$aFisher, Craig,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aRahman, Shah,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 8, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2011$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102856.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102857
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102857$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102857$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aHM1271
=082  04$a303.3/85$223
=100  1\$aYowell, James,$eauthor.
=245  10$aFood Use Inert Ingredient Proposed Data Set /$cJames Yowell.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (2 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references.
=520  3\$aA discussion of the proposed data for establishing a tolerance or exemption from the requirement of a tolerance for inert ingredients used in pesticide formulations.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aToleration.
=650  \0$aCultural pluralism.
=650  \0$aEquality.
=650  \0$aTolerance.
=650  \0$aExemption.
=650  \0$aData set.
=650  \0$aInert.
=650  14$aInert.
=650  24$aTolerance.
=650  24$aExemption.
=650  24$aData set.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102857.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102859
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2011\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102859$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102859$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTN871.25
=082  04$a622.3381$223
=100  1\$aBotteicher, Richard (Bo),$eauthor.
=245  10$aUnique Calibration Case Study for Predictive Model of Installation Loads for Directional Drilled Fusible PVC Pipe /$cRichard (Bo) Botteicher, Samuel T. Ariaratnam.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2011.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b21
=520  3\$aThe nature of the horizontal directional drilling (HDD) process necessitates the use of pipe products that are capable of being pulled into final alignment via a tensile force, as opposed to being pushed or jacked by segmental means. While steel and high density polyethylene pipes have been historically used with HDD methodology, a fusible polyvinylchloride pipe (FPVCP) product has been one relatively recent addition to the materials available for the installation of water, wastewater, pressure, and non-pressure infrastructure. Maximum safe pull load criteria have been developed for this material, and recent research was focused on aligning current predictive pull force modeling with this material for use in HDD application. Recent work has presented the predictive model and general validation of its use with FPVCP. One particular set of monitored HDD installations that was gathered during the field validation stage of the research provided unique insight into the use of the predictive model to calculate the required pulling force for use in HDD installation methodology. An overview of the model background, field validation study, and specific case study will be reviewed. Specific conclusions regarding this case study relate to the importance of drilling fluid accuracy in the model.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aDirectional drilling.
=650  \0$aHorizontal gas well drilling.
=650  \0$aPVC pipe.
=650  \0$aModeling.
=650  \0$aFusion.
=650  14$aHorizontal directional drilling.
=650  24$aPVC pipe.
=650  24$aPull force.
=650  24$aFusion.
=650  24$aModeling.
=700  1\$aAriaratnam, Samuel T.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 8, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2011$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102859.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102860
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102860$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102860$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTD657
=082  04$a551.488$223
=100  1\$aMcGrath, Timothy J.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDesigning Stormwater Chambers to Meet AASHTO Specifications /$cTimothy J. McGrath, David Mailhot.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b8
=520  3\$aThermoplastic stormwater chambers have been successfully used on many projects to meet current federal regulations controlling discharges from newly developed sites. These structures are commonly located under parking lots or roadways and subjected to vehicular loads on a regular basis. Given this application, it is logical to design these structures for loads specified in the AASHTO LRFD Specifications for Highway Bridges, which provide design procedures for thermoplastic culvert pipe for use under roadways. However, experience has shown that many drainage engineers are not familiar with the AASHTO Specifications and have difficulty evaluating product manufacturer’s claims relative to AASHTO requirements. This paper presents the key aspects of the AASHTO specifications that should be applied to stormwater chamber design, such as determining applicable loads, load factors, design of profile sections, and consideration of time dependent properties. Also addressed are design matters for chambers not directly addressed by AASHTO. Of particular importance in developing unique structures is the validation of designs and chamber safety levels through full scale testing.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aStormwater infiltration$zWisconsin$zGreen Bay.
=650  \0$aStormwater infiltration.
=650  \0$aUrban runoff$xManagement.
=700  1\$aMailhot, David,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102860.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102861
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102861$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102861$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.9.C6
=082  04$a620.118$223
=100  1\$aBass, Brent J.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDesign Development of Large Thermoplastic Chambers for Stormwater Retention /$cBrent J. Bass, Timothy J. McGrath, David Mailhot, Keng-Wit Lim.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b8
=520  3\$aThermoplastic chambers for stormwater retention applications have been in use for many years. One design, an arch-shaped chamber with a 51 in. nominal width and a 30 in. nominal height, has seen widespread acceptance. This paper reports on the development of a structural design for a similar chamber with a 76 in. nominal width and 45 in. nominal height. Development tasks included evaluation of stiffened corrugation designs to permit the use of larger corrugations, evaluation of arch stiffness and stub compression capacity of the chambers, and full-scale field tests of both welded prototype chambers and production chambers. The development program was focused on demonstrating that the chambers met the target safety levels of AASHTO specifications for shallow burial depths with live loads and for deep conditions.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFibrous composites.
=650  \0$aThermoplastic composites.
=650  \0$aComposite materials.
=650  \0$aThermoplastic.
=650  \0$aChamber.
=650  \0$aStormwater.
=650  14$aThermoplastic.
=650  24$aStormwater.
=650  24$aChamber.
=650  24$aAASHTO.
=700  1\$aMcGrath, Timothy J.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aMailhot, David,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aLim, Keng-Wit,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102861.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102862
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2011\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102862$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102862$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP757
=082  04$a665/.74/05$223
=100  1\$aWolf, Richard,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPolyamide 12 Natural Gas Distribution Systems Operating at Pressures Greater Than 125 Psig /$cRichard Wolf.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2011.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b18
=520  3\$aAs a result of the long history of use of polyethylene systems in natural gas distribution systems, the advantages of thermoplastic distribution systems over steel systems are clearly recognized. These advantages include both short-term economic benefits due to advantages in total installed costs and long-term life service benefits due to the excellent corrosion resistance of thermoplastic systems. Historically, a weak point of the thermoplastic systems currently in use commercially are limitations in use due to operating pressure and end use temperature constraints. Initiatives exist within the natural gas distribution sector to identify materials capable of offering the advantages of currently available thermoplastic systems while extending the operating pressure range and end use temperature. Polyamide 12 has been identified as one material capable of meeting these needs. In 2004, a project was initiated by UBE Industries, Ltd. to evaluate the feasibility for use of polyamide 12 in natural gas distribution systems in the United States. The objective of the project was to develop a polyamide 12 natural gas distribution system capable of operating at pressures greater than that imposed by current restrictions and at temperatures above those achieved by commercially available thermoplastic systems. U.S. regulatory restrictions limit the use of thermoplastic systems to a maximum operating pressure of 125 psig. As the project progressed, the scope was expanded to include global activities. The project was broken into two distinct phases. Phase 1, from February 2004 to December 2006, included a comprehensive laboratory evaluation and limited field service use to determine the feasibility for use of polyamide 12 natural gas distribution systems operating at pressures greater than 125 psig and elevated temperatures. Long-term strength performance, slow crack growth and rapid crack propagation characteristics, the effect of secondary stresses along with extensive testing to accepted industry test methods were evaluated. Studies were conducted to develop a full set of installation, maintenance, and operating procedures for the use of polyamide 12 systems. Additionally, several small scale private property installations took place as part of the phase 1 project. Based on the positive results from laboratory and field evaluations of polyamide 12 systems, a phase 2 project was developed. The objective of the phase 2 project was to commercialize the use of polyamide 12 systems for use at pressures greater than 125 psig. During this phase of the project, installations are being performed with utilities in North America within their respective operating areas. These installations are being performed under special permits in cooperation with the respective federal and state regulatory bodies. As a separate activity, samples have been removed from the trial installations at specific time intervals and characterized for retention of physical and mechanical properties. The sample removal and evaluation study is an ongoing activity. The results of the project demonstrate that polyamide 12 offers a viable, cost effective alternative to steel pipe for systems operating above the range of currently available thermoplastic systems capability. In terms of both pressure bearing capabilities and high temperature operating performance, polyamide 12 systems extend the range of use for thermoplastic systems in natural gas distribution applications. The paper presents an overview of the laboratory analysis and field installation activities performed in the polyamide 12 gas distribution systems project. The data are presented in the context of compliance to the active ASTM polyamide 12 standards.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aGas distribution.
=650  \0$aGas pipelines.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 8, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2011$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102862.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102863
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2011\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102863$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102863$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTD491
=082  04$a628.15$223
=100  1\$aGross, Steven B.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aTrenchless Case History—University of Denver’s Use of High-Performance Restrained-Joint Water Distribution Pipe /$cSteven B. Gross, Brenden Tippets.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2011.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b3
=520  3\$aThe benefits of trenchless technology are well understood by all in our industry—more cost-effective and less disruptive to streets, driveways, and landscaping. However, what is often less clear to many engineers and city officials faced with a wide selection of materials and processes is just what type of pipe is best suited for a particular trenchless application. This paper will present the engineering considerations involved in selecting thermoplastic water distribution pipe for directional drilling projects, focusing on assembly considerations, structural and flow performance, pressure-handling capacity, joint integrity, and compatibility with existing systems. These concepts are illustrated by the experiences at the University of Denver, where trenchless technology was successfully utilized on an irrigation system in an area where conventional pipe installation techniques were determined to be unsatisfactory.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPipe fitting.
=650  \0$aPiping.
=650  \0$aWater$xDistribution.
=700  1\$aTippets, Brenden,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 8, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2011$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102863.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102864
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102864$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102864$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA679
=082  04$a693.21$223
=100  1\$aFarmer, Matthew C.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDesign and Use of Expansion Joints in New and Existing Clay Masonry Wall Systems /$cMatthew C. Farmer, Edward A. Gerns.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (18 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b4
=520  3\$aIn modern masonry wall construction, integration of expansion joints (both vertical and horizontal) has become commonplace, but the rationale behind their width, placement, detailing, and maintenance is often misunderstood. With restoration projects and older wall systems it is often not clear whether expansion joints are needed and should be added as part of a restoration. Older structures in particular offer unique challenges. Damage of masonry wall systems can occur as a result of volume changes in the masonry materials despite the presence of expansion joints; this is frequently because joints are placed or installed inappropriately for the construction of the wall system, the particular wall geometry, or other factors related to the placement of joints designed to accommodate movement. This paper attempts to clarify and expand on the reasoning behind many of the standard guidelines commonly used for joint placement, size, and spacing. In addition, suggestions are provided for joint placement and detailing in several atypical situations, such as existing buildings, parapets, solid masonry wall systems, and window lintels. Factors leading to the need for expansion joints are reviewed, along with several lesser known concepts regarding expansion joint implementation. Also addressed are common problems with installation and maintenance of existing expansion joints.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aMasonry $xStandards$zEuropean Union countries.
=700  1\$aGerns, Edward A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102864.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102865
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2011\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102865$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102865$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP1175.E9
=082  04$a668.413$223
=100  1\$aHauser, Ray L.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEnvironmental Stress Cracking of Commercial CPVC Pipes /$cRay L. Hauser.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2011.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (7 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b6
=520  3\$aA study has been made by the author to learn effects of single and of mixed glycols causing environmental stress cracking of CPVC pipes made by four different manufacturers from two different resin suppliers. The study has shown that a mixture of ethylene glycol and propylene glycol is more damaging to CPVC pipe than either of the glycols by itself in the same relative concentration in water. The study also showed that one pipe resin containing a “tail” of lower molecular weight resin is somewhat more susceptible to cracking than the other resin. A secondary study also shows that the test method is appropriate for quickly evaluating chemicals in anti-corrosion treatments on steel pipes in sprinkler systems that can be particularly damaging to CPVC pipe.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPolyvinyl chloride.
=650  \0$aPipe, Plastic$xDesign and construction.
=650  \0$aPlastics craft.
=650  \0$aFire sprinkler pipe.
=650  \0$aGlycol.
=650  14$aFire sprinkler pipe.
=650  24$aChlorinated polyvinylchloride, CPVC.
=650  24$aEnvironmental stress cracking.
=650  24$aGlycol.
=650  24$aMicrobially induced corrosion inhibitor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 8, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2011$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102865.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102869
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102869$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102869$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTD427.G55
=082  04$a363.7384$223
=100  1\$aZollinger, Richard K.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aEffect of Hard Water and Ammonium Sulfate on Weak Acid Herbicide Activity /$cRichard K. Zollinger, John D. Nalewaja, Dallas E. Peterson, Bryan G. Young.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b22
=520  3\$aGlyphosate is a weak acid herbicide and can bind with calcium in the spray carrier. Diammonium sulfate is commonly used as an adjuvant with glyphosate to enhance phytotoxicity and overcome antagonistic effect of these cations. Most postemergence herbicides are also weak acid herbicides. Data is limited for other weak acid herbicides and the effect of diammonium sulfate in enhancing herbicide activity and overcoming antagonism. Field studies were conducted with aminopyralid, tembotrione, dicamba plus diflufenzopyr, and glufosinate to determine if (1) these weak acid herbicides are enhanced by ammonium, (2) if they are antagonized by calcium and magnesium in the spray solution, (3) if diammonium sulfate overcomes salt antagonism, and (4) if a previously published equation for the amount of ammonium sulfate required to overcome salt antagonism of glyphosate based on cation concentration in spray water correctly predicts to other weak acid herbicides. The activity of the four weak acid herbicides increased with the addition of ammonium to the spray solution, all were antagonized by calcium and magnesium, and diammonium sulfate overcame the antagonism. The previously published equation to calculate the amount the diammonium sulfate needed to overcome 500 and 1000 ppm hardness was accurate and can be used for these herbicides and possibly other weak acid herbicides.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aGlyphosate$xEnvironmental aspects$xEcuador.
=650  \0$aGlyphosate$xPhysiological effect$xEcuador.
=650  \0$aAcculturation.
=650  \0$aDicamba.
=650  \0$aAminopyralid.
=650  \0$aAmmonium sulfate.
=650  \0$aGlufosinate.
=650  \0$aGlyphosate.
=650  \0$aTembotrione.
=650  \0$aAntagonism.
=650  \0$aWeak acid herbicides.
=650  14$aAminopyralid.
=650  24$aDicamba.
=650  24$aGlufosinate.
=650  24$aGlyphosate.
=650  24$aTembotrione.
=650  24$aAmmonium sulfate.
=650  24$aWeak acid herbicides.
=650  24$aAntagonism.
=700  1\$aNalewaja, John D.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aPeterson, Dallas E.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aYoung, Bryan G.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 6.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102869.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102870
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2011\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102870$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102870$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA418.14
=082  04$a620.11233$223
=100  1\$aSharff, Phillip A.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aBuilding Knowledge from Failure Analysis of Plastic Pipe and Other Hydraulic Structures /$cPhillip A. Sharff, Simon C. Bellemare, Lisa M. Witmer.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2011.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (17 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b11
=520  3\$aStructural plastics have long shown exceptional performance in products used for fluid transport and containment, such as pipes, tanks, and drainage structures. The development and use of plastics enhances the versatility and durability of these important infrastructure components, as well as their economy. However, like all materials, plastics have performance limitations, and serious failures can occur as the result of improper design, fabrication, or installation. Understanding failure mechanisms of plastics can provide valuable insight into those limitations and aid the designer, manufacturer, and installer in optimizing structural and functional performance. We review forensic techniques, including field investigation, material and mechanical laboratory tests, optical and scanning electron microscopy, and stress analysis. The example cases highlight mechanical, environmental and installation issues. These include failure to account for material creep and fatigue, defects in fusion bonding, incompatibility of solvent cement, strength limitation of joint elements, and improper installation techniques. The case studies suggest ways to avoid similar mistakes in the future.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aStructural Materials.
=650  \0$aStructural Mechanics.
=650  \0$aConcrete$xPlastic properties$xMathematical models.
=650  \0$aStructural plastic.
=650  \0$aFatigue.
=650  \0$aInstallation.
=650  \0$aInvestigation.
=650  14$aStructural plastic.
=650  24$aCreep.
=650  24$aFatigue.
=650  24$aInstallation.
=650  24$aInvestigation.
=700  1\$aBellemare, Simon C.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aWitmer, Lisa M.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 8, Issue 3.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2011$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102870.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102873
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2011\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102873$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102873$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTP1185.P5
=082  04$a668.49$223
=100  1\$aZhadanovsky, Igor,$eauthor.
=245  10$aPlastic Tubing Prospect to Replace Cast Iron Conduit in Steam Heating Systems /$cIgor Zhadanovsky.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2011.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b15
=520  3\$aSteam heating systems become obsolete because of water hammering, noise, high heat loss, installation cost, and poor control. The replacement of metal piping by a coaxial two tube thermoplastic conduit resolves all issues of current steam heating systems along with improvements in heating comfort level, energy efficiency, and maintenance and equipment durability. Polysulfone materials are proposed for the plastic conduit and fluoropolymers for the end connections to the radiators.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPipelines.
=650  \0$aPlastics.
=650  \0$aPumps, filters, pipes, fittings, tubing, valves, pressure vessels and steam generators.
=650  \0$aTubing.
=650  \0$aSteam heating system.
=650  \0$aPolysulfone fittings.
=650  14$aSteam heating system.
=650  24$aPlastic steam conduit.
=650  24$aPolysulfone fittings.
=650  24$aTubing.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 8, Issue 1.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2011$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102873.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102874
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102874$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102874$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQA76.9.T48
=082  04$a025.04$223
=100  1\$aLindner, Gregory J.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aChemical Clustering for Risk Assessment :$bFatty Alcohol Alkoxylates /$cGregory J. Lindner.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b7
=520  3\$aFatty alcohol alkoxylates are non-ionic surface active compounds comprised of a hydrophobic fatty alcohol moiety of variable chain length linked to a hydrophilic polyalkoxylate chain of repeating alkylene oxide subunits containing ethylene and propylene oxides. Materials falling inside this group that are derived from a fatty alcohol and ethylene oxide alone are referred to as fatty alcohol ethoxylates. The unifying features of this class include (1) the use of fatty alcohol fractions drawn from alkyl chains between 4 and 100 carbons in length, each with deliberately wide or narrow ranges and falling within or across specific groups, and (2) the chemical addition to these fractions of specific numbers of repeating structural units of an alkylene oxide in molar ratios ranging from 2 to 100 for ethylene oxide and from 0 to 30 for propylene oxide. A useful rationale establishing the cohesiveness of grouping, or “clustering,” of this family of chemistry is described based on a comparison of similarities across chemical structures contained in the cluster, the continuum of predictable change in associated physiochemical properties, and the accompanying consistency in underlying biological data. A semiquantitative approach is described using the accessible non-confidential information.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aDocument clustering.
=650  \0$aInformation retrieval.
=650  \0$aSemantic Web.
=650  \0$aClustering.
=650  \0$aRisk assessment.
=650  14$aFatty alcohol alkoxylate.
=650  24$aFatty alcohol ethoxylate.
=650  24$aClustering.
=650  24$aConstituent comparison.
=650  24$aRisk assessment.
=650  24$aStructure-property relationship.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102874.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102875
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102875$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102875$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aHV575
=082  04$a614.87$223
=100  1\$aShealy, J. E.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAging Trends in Alpine Skiing /$cJ. E. Shealy, C. F. Ettlinger, R. J. Johnson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (6 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b10
=520  3\$aAs the skiing population in the United States ages, what are the concerns with regard to age-related injuries and possible injury prevention strategies? Between December 1972 and April 2006 the authors evaluated prospectively 18 692 injuries sustained by 17 197 skiers that were reported to the injury clinic which operated in the base lodge of a moderate size northern Vermont ski area. Data from a total of 3966 uninjured randomly selected controls were also collected. During that time approximately 6 830 200 skier-visits were accrued by the area. The overall injury rate averaged 365 mean days between injuries over the 34 years of the study and decreased by approximately 50 % over the period. The regressed mean age of the injured population during that time increased from 22.8 to 32.4 years-of-age. The control population increased from 22.9 to 35.8 years-of-age. The increase in the age of the skiing public roughly matches the age increases in the U.S. population. This analysis divides the 34 years of the study into two equal sized periods: An early and a later one. The population is then divided into two age cohorts (55 and under, and over 55 years of age) to see what trends can be identified that are age-related as opposed to time-related. The various injuries have been grouped into 13 major injury groups for the purpose of analysis. Seven of the 13 injury groups show a lower risk of injury for skiers over 55 than the general skiing public; ranging from 11 % to as much as 42 % lower. Five injury groups show no difference. The only increased major injury group found to be age-related is tibial plateau fractures, at 5.7 times higher than the general skiing population. Overall the over 55 age group is at a lower risk of injury than the general skiing public.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aSkiing accidents.
=650  \0$aFirst Aid.
=650  \0$aSkiing.
=650  \0$aAge-related injuries.
=650  \0$aSkiing injuries.
=650  \0$aEpidemiology.
=650  14$aSkiing injuries.
=650  24$aEpidemiology.
=650  24$aAge-related injuries.
=650  24$aAge-related injury rates.
=700  1\$aEttlinger, C. F.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aJohnson, R. J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 4.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102875.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102882
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102882$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102882$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aNA4120
=082  04$a721.04421$223
=100  1\$aCyphers, Rex A.,$eauthor.
=245  10$aComparative Study of Freeze and Thaw Test Procedures on Molded Brick /$cRex A. Cyphers, A. Rhett Whitlock.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (8 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b7
=520  3\$aA testing program was conducted to compare the results of three different freeze/thaw test procedures on molded brick. The bricks were tested in accordance with ASTM C67-02a (performed continuously without weekend interruptions), Dutch Standard NEN 2872-89 (Nederlands Normalisatie-Instituut (Netherlands Standards Institute—NEN)), and a non-standardized test similar to tests performed by other researchers that included boiling the brick prior to freezing, referred to as the “Boil to Freeze” test. The effects of the tests were compared by assessing visual damage and measuring changes in ultrasonic pulse velocity measurements and 24 h cold water absorption values on each brick before and after freeze/thaw testing. In addition to the freeze/thaw tests, the bricks were also tested for basic physical properties including compressive strength and absorption. A statistical analysis was made of the test results to compare the effects (severity) of three different freeze/thaw tests.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aBricks.
=650  \0$aBrickwork.
=650  \0$aBuilding, Brick.
=650  \0$aBrick testing.
=650  \0$aStatistical analysis.
=650  \0$aFreeze/thaw.
=650  \0$aDurability.
=650  14$aFreeze/thaw.
=650  24$aDurability.
=650  24$aBrick testing.
=650  24$aStatistical analysis.
=700  1\$aRhett Whitlock, A.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 5.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102882.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102884
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102884$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102884$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA357.5.M43
=082  04$a620.1/064/0287$223
=100  1\$aQin, Kuide,$eauthor.
=245  10$aAssessment of Oil Dispersion Pesticide Formulations Using Rheology and Near Infrared Centrifugation Techniques /$cKuide Qin, F. Nelson Keeney, M. Paige Oliver.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (11 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b4
=520  3\$aOil dispersion (OD), as a formulation type in the pesticide industry, has become more important over the past few years. This increased importance is due to (1) new water sensitive active ingredients, (2) the compatibility of active ingredient mixtures, (3) the need to build-in adjuvancy properties, and (4) customer preference of liquid formulations. Unlike well known technologies such as aqueous suspension concentrates (SCs), for which scientists have extensive experience in formulation practices resulting in readily available technologies for developing a stable formulation, OD is a relatively new technology. Technical knowledge for developing a stable OD formulation is still an area that needs significant investigation. The present work seeks to determine useful criteria for characterizing and predicting long term stability of OD formulations using readily accessible technologies such as rheological measurements and centrifugation. The characterization results are reported for systems that are commercially available from two agricultural companies.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFluid dynamic measurements.
=650  \0$aComplex fluids.
=650  \0$aPolymer.
=650  \0$aCentrifuge.
=650  \0$aOil dispersion.
=650  \0$aRheology.
=650  14$aOil dispersion.
=650  24$aPesticide formulation.
=650  24$aRheology.
=650  24$aCentrifuge.
=700  1\$aKeeney, F. Nelson,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aOliver, M. Paige,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102884.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102885
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102885$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102885$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aHV8079.55
=082  04$a388.314$223
=100  1\$aShealy, Jasper,$eauthor.
=245  10$aJumper Kinematics on Terrain Park Jumps :$bRelationship between Takeoff Speed and Distance Traveled /$cJasper Shealy, Irving Scher, Lenka Stepan, Erin Harley.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (10 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b8
=520  3\$aThe performance of individuals jumping tabletop features in terrain parks has not been widely studied. A field study was conducted to measure the takeoff speed and horizontal distance achieved by jumpers at two tabletop style jump features: A smaller jump at Snow Summit, CA and a larger jump at Mammoth Mountain, CA, USA. Analyses were also conducted to determine the effects of equipment type (skis versus snowboard) on jumper kinematics. Before each data collection session, the physical dimensions of the jump were measured and recorded. For consecutive jumpers, the speed parallel to the ramp was measured at the end of the takeoff by using a laser speed trap accurate to 0.11 m/s. The landing zone was marked at 3.0 m intervals with colored dye, beginning just past the flat deck portion of the jump. A high-definition video camera was used to record the landing of each jumper, and the landing point of the projected center of mass was determined by using photogrammetry, accurate to within 5 cm. The actual landing distances measured in the field were compared to predicted landing distances by using ordinary ballistic equations. A total of 280 jumps was observed on the two features: 105 on skis and 175 on snowboards. The correlation coefficients between the square of the takeoff speed and the landing distance for the smaller and larger jumps were 0.75 (R2=0.56) and 0.41 (R2=0.16), respectively. The measured landing distances differed significantly from those predicted by models using the ballistic equations of motion. The average landing distance beyond the knuckle was 2.4 m on the smaller jump and 2.1 m on the larger jump. For both features, skier and snowboarder jumpers did not differ in average landing distance.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aStopping Distance.
=650  \0$aCrash Speed.
=650  \0$aAccident Reconstruction.
=650  \0$aDistance.
=650  \0$aJumping.
=650  \0$aTerrain park.
=650  \0$aTabletop features.
=650  14$aJumping.
=650  24$aSpeed.
=650  24$aDistance.
=650  24$aTabletop features.
=650  24$aTerrain park.
=700  1\$aScher, Irving,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aStepan, Lenka,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHarley, Erin,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 10.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102885.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102888
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2011\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102888$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102888$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTD491
=082  04$a628.1/5$223
=100  1\$aHoward, Amster,$eauthor.
=245  10$aDeflection Lag, Load Lag, and Time Lag of Buried Flexible Pipe /$cAmster Howard.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2011.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (5 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b12
=520  3\$aThe Iowa formula was published by Professor M. G. Spangler of Iowa State Univ. in 1941 to predict the deflection of buried flexible pipe. In the equation, he used the term “deflection lag” to describe the increase in flexible pipe defection after the maximum load was reached over the pipe. Unfortunately, the term is currently improperly used in ASTM, AWWA, and ASCE manuals and standards to reflect the increase in deflection starting the day the backfill is completed over the pipe, rather than when the maximum load occurs. The maximum load on a pipe is generally not attained until after 3–12 months after construction. The history of the deflection lag term and the use of the term “load lag” by Professor Spangler are explored. For the increase in pipe deflection following construction completion, the use of the term “time lag” should be used. A table of time lag values for use in estimating deflection is presented. The table is based on empirical data from field measurements.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aWater-pipes.
=650  \0$aUnderground pipelines.
=650  \0$aPipe, Steel.
=650  \0$aCouplings, Flexible.
=650  \0$aFlexible pipe.
=650  \0$aTime lag.
=650  \0$aDeflection.
=650  \0$aDesign.
=650  \0$aInstallation.
=650  \0$aTime effects.
=650  14$aFlexible pipe.
=650  24$aDeflection.
=650  24$aDesign.
=650  24$aInstallation.
=650  24$aTime effects.
=650  24$aSoil–structure interaction.
=650  24$aTime lag.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 8, Issue 8.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2011$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102888.htm

=LDR  03762nab  2200553 i 4500
=001  JAI102892
=003  IN-ChSCO
=005  20161219061000.0
=006  m|||||o|||||||||||
=007  cr\|n||||||||n
=008  161219s2010\\\\pau|||||o|||||||||||eng||
=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102892$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102892$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aQ175
=082  04$a501$223
=100  1\$aGoss, G. Robert,$eauthor.
=245  10$aGranular Formulations and Active Ingredient Distribution from a Rotary Spreader /$cG. Robert Goss, Y. Bernal, A. Johnsonbaugh, R. Henderson.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (5 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references$b9
=520  3\$aWhen using a spinner spreader, particle size distribution may affect a gravimetric distribution pattern, larger particles being thrown farther than smaller particles. If active ingredient (AI) concentrations were uneven with respect to particle size, it is possible that a gravimetric distribution analysis (i.e., a spreader calibration) would not accurately reflect AI distribution. This paper discusses granule uniformity and its effect on granular formulation gravimetric distribution and AI distribution. A more uniform particle size provides a more even AI distribution.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aPhysics$xPhilosophy.
=650  \0$aUniformity of nature.
=650  \0$aGranule.
=650  \0$aRotary spreader.
=650  \0$aUniformity.
=650  14$aParticle size distribution.
=650  24$aGravimetric distribution.
=650  24$aUniformity.
=650  24$aRotary spreader.
=650  24$aGranule.
=700  1\$aBernal, Y.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aJohnsonbaugh, A.,$eauthor.
=700  1\$aHenderson, R.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 7.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.org/DIGITAL_LIBRARY/JOURNALS/JAI/PAGES/JAI102892.htm

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=024  7\$a10.1520/JAI102893$2doi
=037  \\$bASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Dr., West Conshohocken, PA 19428
=037  \\$aJAI102893$bASTM
=040  \\$aASTM$cSCOPE$beng$erda
=041  \\$aeng
=050  \4$aTA357.5.M43
=082  04$a620.1/064/0287$223
=100  1\$aHalecky, Alan,$eauthor.
=245  10$aOD Formulations Structured with Self-Activating Organically Modified Clays /$cAlan Halecky, Gregory J. Lindner.
=264  \1$aWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International,$c2010.
=300  \\$a1 online resource (12 pages) :$billustrations, figures, tables
=336  \\$atext$2rdacontent
=337  \\$acomputer$2rdamedia
=338  \\$aonline resource$2rdacarrier
=347  \\$atext file$bPDF$2rda
=504  \\$aIncludes bibliographical references.
=520  3\$aAn oil dispersion (OD) or oil flowable is a suspension of a solid active ingredient in an oil medium. ODs may be used to deliver water sensitive actives and are an efficient means of delivering oil adjuvancy. The use of self-activating organically modified clays overcomes stability problems that OD formulators encountered using conventional organically modified clays. The impact of surfactants and processing parameters on OD performance is described.
=541  \\$aASTM International$3PDF$cPurchase price$hUSD25.
=588  \\$aDescription based on publisher's website, viewed December 19, 2016.
=650  \0$aFluid dynamic measurements.
=650  \0$aComplex fluids.
=650  \0$aPolymer.
=650  \0$aOil flowable.
=650  \0$aOil dispersion.
=650  \0$aRheology.
=650  14$aOil dispersion.
=650  24$aOil flowable.
=650  24$aOrganically modified clay.
=650  24$aRheology.
=650  24$aPolymeric dispersants.
=700  1\$aLindner, Gregory J.,$eauthor.
=710  2\$aASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.$tJournal of ASTM International.
=710  2\$aAmerican Society for Testing and Materials.
=773  0\$tJournal of ASTM International.$gVolume 7, Issue 9.$dWest Conshohocken, Pa. :$bASTM International, 2010$x1546-962X$yJAIOAD
=856  40$uhttp://www.astm.