SYMPOSIA PAPER Published: 01 January 1992
STP19597S

The Development of European Test Methods for the Measurement of Engine Oil Viscosities at Low Temperatures

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In response to the Society of Automotive Engineers' (SAE) desire to introduce cold-cranking viscosity limits measured at temperatures specified for each W-grade of engine oil, the Co-ordinating European Council (CEC) joined ASTM in 1982 in determining a precision statement for the so-called “Multi-Temperature CCS Method”. In 1990, CEC again collaborated with ASTM in a similar round-robin test which this time yielded a precision sufficiently encouraging for ASTM to ballot for Standard Test Method status. Two new techniques (differential scanning calorimetry and gas chromatography simulated distillation) differentiated between a limited population of good and poor industry pumpability reference oils. These techniques indicated that some model SAE 10W-30 oils blended from “critical” base oils could be potential pumpability problem oils despite acceptable borderline pumping viscosities in the Brookfield viscometric using the TP-1 cooldown cycle. The DSC and GC techniques are recommended as screening tests when developing new formulations. The development of a low-temperature oil pumpability test method employing the Brookfield viscometer in conjunction with the cooling cycle adopted in ASTM D4684-86 is described. Reference is made to a new, European-designed, high-precision viscometer for the measurement of low-temperature cranking viscosities.

Author Information

Vickars, MA
Huby, FJ
Jordan, CE
Bates, TW
Müller, HD
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Details
Developed by Committee: D02
Pages: 81–95
DOI: 10.1520/STP19597S
ISBN-EB: 978-0-8031-5201-4
ISBN-13: 978-0-8031-1438-8