MANUAL Published: 30 July 2021
MNL802019003203

Chapter 3 | Cationic and Amphoteric Surfactants

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This chapter describes cationic and amphoteric surfactants and their applications. Cationic surfactants comprise fatty amines and their derivatives (e.g., amidoamines and imidazolines), which only exhibit cationic surfactant behavior at low pH (i.e., in acidic solutions), and quaternary ammonium salts. Cationic surfactants also include fatty amine oxides and alkyl betaines (e.g., cocamidopropyl betaine), which have a charge-neutral structure but act cationic in acidic media. Because of the positive electrical charge on the hydrophilic moiety, the cationic surfactants exhibit unique properties, such superior emulsifying ability, the ability to soften surfaces and make them hydrophobic via adsorption, and static control and biocidal action; cationics are used in a number of household and industrial applications. One of their largest uses is as fabric softeners in laundry applications. One of the key attributes of amphoteric surfactants is their mildness. Because of this, they find extensive use in light-duty dishwashing liquids, liquid hand soaps, personal-care products, and cosmetics.

Author Information

Rizvi, Syed, Q. A.
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Pages: 91–117
DOI: 10.1520/MNL802019003203
ISBN-EB: 978-0-8031-7132-9
ISBN-13: 978-0-8031-7131-2