ASTM F2097 - 16
Standard Guide for Design and Evaluation of Primary Flexible Packaging for Medical Products
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Significance and Use
4.1 This design and evaluation guide describes multiple categories for evaluating flexible medical packages and packaging materials. These include safety, barrier properties, durability, package and seal integrity, visibility and appearance, processing, printing ink properties, and package performance.
4.2 The intent of this design and evaluation guide is to evaluate all cited categories and select those that are applicable. Once the product has been characterized and the sterilization methodology has been defined, there are numerous sets of requirements for any specific package. This design and evaluation guide provides an avenue for assessing these requirements and choosing test methods for both evaluating the package design and monitoring package compliance.
Note 1: Many of the standards included in this guide are consensus standards that are recognized by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Selection and use of a U.S. FDA recognized consensus standard is voluntary and the sole responsibility of the user in determining its applicability. For further information, consult the U.S. FDA Medical Device Standards Program at http://www.fda.gov/MedicalDevices/DeviceRegulationandGuidance/Standards/default.htm.
4.3 Product characterization shall include mass or weight, geometry (length and width, height, and shape) and product composition.
4.4 All categories must be considered for applicability.
4.5 The Summary of Test Methods for Medical Packaging Design and Evaluation (Fig. 1) provides a compact graphical presentation of the test methods referenced in this guide.
This practice is designed as conditioning prior to testing for overnight or two-day delivery systems of a single parcel packaging system or as a standalone test for climatic stressing of packaging systems. This practice does not cover refrigerated, frozen food storage, or cryogenic storage conditions. Only the climatic environments encountered in various regions of the world are covered by this practice.
1. Scope
1.1 This guide provides directions for the design and evaluation of primary flexible packages for medical products. The package materials must be selected appropriately for manufacturing process, end use, and the product being packaged.
1.2 This guide provides a compendium of test methods, practices, and procedures. Specific individual test methods must be selected based on the pertinent characteristics of the specific product to be packaged and the purpose for testing, research and development, or compliance. Not all test methods will be applicable.
1.3 This guide does not address acceptability criteria, which need to be determined jointly by the package producer and the medical products manufacturer.
1.4 This guide does not assess the product to be packaged or the sterilization method to be used.
1.5 The units cited in the referenced standard should be used.
2. Referenced Documents (purchase separately) The documents listed below are referenced within the subject standard but are not provided as part of the standard.
ASTM Standards
D374 Test Methods for Thickness of Solid Electrical Insulation
D589 Test Method for Opacity of Paper (15 Diffuse Illuminant A, 89 % Reflectance Backing and Paper Backing)
D638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
D645/D645M Test Method for Thickness of Paper and Paperboard
D726 Test Method for Resistance of Nonporous Paper to Passage of Air
D882 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Thin Plastic Sheeting
D1003 Test Method for Haze and Luminous Transmittance of Transparent Plastics
D1434 Test Method for Determining Gas Permeability Characteristics of Plastic Film and Sheeting
D1709 Test Methods for Impact Resistance of Plastic Film by the Free-Falling Dart Method
D1777 Test Method for Thickness of Textile Materials
D1894 Test Method for Static and Kinetic Coefficients of Friction of Plastic Film and Sheeting
D1922 Test Method for Propagation Tear Resistance of Plastic Film and Thin Sheeting by Pendulum Method
D1938 Test Method for Tear-Propagation Resistance (Trouser Tear) of Plastic Film and Thin Sheeting by a Single-Tear Method
D2019 Test Method for Dirt in Paper and Paperboard
D2457 Test Method for Specular Gloss of Plastic Films and Solid Plastics
D3078 Test Method for Determination of Leaks in Flexible Packaging by Bubble Emission
D3079 Test Method for Water Vapor Transmission of Flexible Heat-Sealed Packages for Dry Products
D3335 Test Method for Low Concentrations of Lead, Cadmium, and Cobalt in Paint by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy
D3420 Test Method for Pendulum Impact Resistance of Plastic Film
D3718 Test Method for Low Concentrations of Chromium in Paint by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy
D3776 Test Methods for Mass Per Unit Area (Weight) of Fabric
D3985 Test Method for Oxygen Gas Transmission Rate Through Plastic Film and Sheeting Using a Coulometric Sensor
D4169 Practice for Performance Testing of Shipping Containers and Systems
D4279 Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission of Shipping Containers--Constant and Cycle Methods
D4321 Test Method for Package Yield of Plastic Film
D4332 Practice for Conditioning Containers, Packages, or Packaging Components for Testing
D4754 Test Method for Two-Sided Liquid Extraction of Plastic Materials Using FDA Migration Cell
D5264 Practice for Abrasion Resistance of Printed Materials by the Sutherland Rub Tester
D7386 Practice for Performance Testing of Packages for Single Parcel Delivery Systems
E398 Test Method for Water Vapor Transmission Rate of Sheet Materials Using Dynamic Relative Humidity Measurement
F17 Terminology Relating to Flexible Barrier Packaging
F88 Test Method for Seal Strength of Flexible Barrier Materials
F99 Guide for Writing a Specification for Flexible Barrier Rollstock Materials
F151 Test Method for Residual Solvents in Flexible Barrier Materials
F372 Test Method for Water Vapor Transmission Rate of Flexible Barrier Materials Using an Infrared Detection Technique
F392 Test Method for Flex Durability of Flexible Barrier Materials
F748 Practice for Selecting Generic Biological Test Methods for Materials and Devices
F813 Practice for Direct Contact Cell Culture Evaluation of Materials for Medical Devices
F895 Test Method for Agar Diffusion Cell Culture Screening for Cytotoxicity
F904 Test Method for Comparison of Bond Strength or Ply Adhesion of Similar Laminates Made from Flexible Materials
F1140 Test Methods for Internal Pressurization Failure Resistance of Unrestrained Packages
F1249 Test Method for Water Vapor Transmission Rate Through Plastic Film and Sheeting Using a Modulated Infrared Sensor
F1306 Test Method for Slow Rate Penetration Resistance of Flexible Barrier Films and Laminates
F1307 Test Method for Oxygen Transmission Rate Through Dry Packages Using a Coulometric Sensor
F1443 Practice for Using 0.008-in. (0.203-mm) Aperture Reflectometers as Test Instruments for Measuring Visual Image Quality of Business Copy Images
F1608 Test Method for Microbial Ranking of Porous Packaging Materials (Exposure Chamber Method)
F1884 Test Methods for Determining Residual Solvents in Packaging Materials
F1886 Test Method for Determining Integrity of Seals for Medical Packaging by Visual Inspection
F1921 Test Methods for Hot Seal Strength (Hot Tack) of Thermoplastic Polymers and Blends Comprising the Sealing Surfaces of Flexible Webs
F1927 Test Method for Determination of Oxygen Gas Transmission Rate, Permeability and Permeance at Controlled Relative Humidity Through Barrier Materials Using a Coulometric Detector
F1929 Test Method for Detecting Seal Leaks in Porous Medical Packaging by Dye Penetration
F1980 Guide for Accelerated Aging of Sterile Barrier Systems for Medical Devices
F2029 Practices for Making Heatseals for Determination of Heatsealability of Flexible Webs as Measured by Seal Strength
F2054 Test Method for Burst Testing of Flexible Package Seals Using Internal Air Pressurization Within Restraining Plates
F2095 Test Methods for Pressure Decay Leak Test for Flexible Packages With and Without Restraining Plates
F2096 Test Method for Detecting Gross Leaks in Packaging by Internal Pressurization (Bubble Test)
F2203 Test Method for Linear Measurement Using Precision Steel Rule
F2217 Practice for Coating/Adhesive Weight Determination
F2227 Test Method for Non-Destructive Detection of Leaks in Non-sealed and Empty Packaging Trays by CO2 Tracer Gas Method
F2228 Test Method for Non-Destructive Detection of Leaks in Packaging Which Incorporates Porous Barrier Material by CO2 Tracer Gas Method
F2250 Practice for Evaluation of Chemical Resistance of Printed Inks and Coatings on Flexible Packaging Materials
F2251 Test Method for Thickness Measurement of Flexible Packaging Material
F2252 Practice for Evaluating Ink or Coating Adhesion to Flexible Packaging Materials Using Tape
F2338 Test Method for Nondestructive Detection of Leaks in Packages by Vacuum Decay Method
F2391 Test Method for Measuring Package and Seal Integrity Using Helium as the Tracer Gas
F2475 Guide for Biocompatibility Evaluation of Medical Device Packaging Materials
F2476 Test Method for the Determination of Carbon Dioxide Gas Transmission Rate (CO2TR) Through Barrier Materials Using An Infrared Detector
F2559 Guide for Writing a Specification for Sterilizable Peel Pouches
F2622 Test Method for Oxygen Gas Transmission Rate Through Plastic Film and Sheeting Using Various Sensors
F2638 Test Method for Using Aerosol Filtration for Measuring the Performance of Porous Packaging Materials as a Surrogate Microbial Barrier
F2714 Test Method for Oxygen Headspace Analysis of Packages Using Fluorescent Decay
F2824 Test Method for Mechanical Seal Strength Testing for Round Cups and Bowl Containers with Flexible Peelable Lids
F2825 Practice for Climatic Stressing of Packaging Systems for Single Parcel Delivery
F2981 Test Method for Verifying Nonporous Flexible Barrier Material Resistance to the Passage of Air
F3004 Test Method for Evaluation of Seal Quality and Integrity Using Airborne Ultrasound
F3039 Test Method for Detecting Leaks in Nonporous Packaging or Flexible Barrier Materials by Dye Penetration
F3136 Test Method for Oxygen Gas Transmission Rate through Plastic Film and Sheeting using a Dynamic Accumulation Method
EN/ISO Standards
EN 868/1 Annex C Gurley, Schopper, Dye Penetration ISO 10993 Biological Evaluation of Medical DevicesICS Code
ICS Number Code 11.020 (Medical sciences and health care facilities in general); 55.020 (Packaging and distibution of goods in general)
UNSPSC Code
UNSPSC Code 24120000(Packaging materials)
Referencing This Standard
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DOI: 10.1520/F2097-16
Citation Format
ASTM F2097-16, Standard Guide for Design and Evaluation of Primary Flexible Packaging for Medical Products, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2016, www.astm.org
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