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    ASTM E354 - 21

    Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of High-Temperature, Electrical, Magnetic, and Other Similar Iron, Nickel, and Cobalt Alloys

    Active Standard ASTM E354 | Developed by Subcommittee: E01.01

    Book of Standards Volume: 03.05

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    Significance and Use

    4.1 These test methods for the chemical analysis of metals and alloys are primarily intended as referee methods to test such materials for compliance with compositional specifications, particularly those under the jurisdiction of the ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, Stainless Steel and Related Alloys. It is assumed that all who use these test methods will be trained analysts capable of performing common laboratory procedures skillfully and safely. It is expected that work will be performed in a properly equipped laboratory under appropriate quality control practices such as those described in Guide E882.

    1. Scope

    1.1 These test methods cover the chemical analysis of high-temperature, electrical, magnetic, and other similar iron, nickel, and cobalt alloys having chemical compositions within the following limits:

     

      Element

    Composition Range, %

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

     

    Aluminum

    0.005

    to

    18.00

     

     

    Beryllium

    0.001

    to

     0.05

     

     

    Boron

    0.001

    to

     1.00

     

     

    Calcium

    0.002

    to

      0.05

     

     

    Carbon

    0.001

    to

     1.10

     

     

    Chromium

    0.10 

    to

    33.00

     

     

    Cobalt

    0.10 

    to

    75.00

     

     

    Columbium (Niobium)

    0.01 

    to

     6.0

     

     

    Copper

    0.01 

    to

    10.00

     

     

    Iron

    0.01 

    to

    85.00

     

     

    Magnesium

    0.001

    to

     0.05

     

     

    Manganese

    0.01 

    to

     3.0

     

     

    Molybdenum

    0.01 

    to

    30.0

     

     

    Nickel

    0.10 

    to

    84.0

     

     

    Nitrogen

    0.001

    to

     0.20

     

     

    Phosphorus

    0.002

    to

     0.08

     

     

    Silicon

    0.01 

    to

     5.00

     

     

    Sulfur

    0.002

    to

     0.10

     

     

    Tantalum

    0.005

    to

    10.0

     

     

    Titanium

    0.01 

    to

     5.00

     

     

    Tungsten

    0.01 

    to

    18.00

     

     

    Vanadium

    0.01 

    to

     3.25

     

     

    Zirconium

    0.01 

    to

     2.50

     

    1.2 The test methods in this standard are contained in the sections indicated below:

     

    Sections

     

     

    Aluminum, Total, by the 8-Quinolinol Gravimetric Method (0.20 %
       to 7.00 %)

    100 – 107

    Carbon, Total, by the Combustion-Thermal Conductivity Method—Discontinued 1986

    124 – 134

    Carbon, Total, by the Combustion Gravimetric Method (0.05 % to
     1.10 %)—Discontinued 2014

    79 – 89

    Chromium by the Atomic Absorption Spectrometry Method
       (0.006 % to 1.00 %)

    165 – 174

    Chromium by the Peroxydisulfate Oxidation—Titration Method
     (0.10 % to 33.00 %)

     175 – 183

    Chromium by the Peroxydisulfate-Oxidation Titrimetric Method—
       Discontinued 1980

    116 – 123

    Cobalt by the Ion-Exchange-Potentiometric Titration Method (2 %
       to 75 %)

     53 – 60

    Cobalt by the Nitroso-R-Salt Spectrophotometric Method (0.10 %
        to 5.0 %)

     61 – 70

    Copper by Neocuproine Spectrophotometric Method (0.01 % to
       10.00 %)

     90 – 99

    Copper by the Sulfide Precipitation-Electrodeposition Gravimetric
     Method (0.01 % to 10.00 %)

     71 – 78

    Iron by the Silver Reduction Titrimetric Method (1.0 % to 50.0 %)

    192 –199

    Manganese by the Metaperiodate Spectrophotometric Method
       (0.05 % to 2.00 %)

     9 – 18

    Molybdenum by the Ion Exchange—8-Hydroxyquinoline Gravi-
     metric Method (1.5 % to 30 %)

    184 – 191

    Molybdenum by the Thiocyanate Spectrophotometric Method
       (0.01 % to 1.50 %)

    153 – 164

    Nickel by the Dimethylglyoxime Gravimetric Method (0.1 % to
     84.0 %)

    135 – 142

    Phosphorus by the Molybdenum Blue Spectrophotometric Method
       (0.002 % to 0.08 %)

    19  – 30

    Silicon by the Gravimetric Method (0.05 % to 5.00 %)

    46  – 52

    Sulfur by the Gravimetric Method—Discontinued
       1988

    Former 30  – 36

    Sulfur by the Combustion-Iodate Titration Method (0.005 % to
     0.1 %)—Discontinued 2014

    37  – 45

    Sulfur by the Chromatographic Gravimetric Method—Discontinued
       1980

    108 – 115

    Tin by the Solvent Extraction–Atomic Absorption Spectrometry
       Method (0.002 % to 0.10 %)

    143  – 152

    1.3 Methods for the determination of carbon and sulfur not included in this standard can be found in Test Methods E1019.

    1.4 Some of the composition ranges given in 1.1 are too broad to be covered by a single method and therefore this standard contains multiple methods for some elements. The user must select the proper method by matching the information given in the Scope and Interference sections of each method with the composition of the alloy to be analyzed.

    1.5 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard.

    1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific hazards statements are given in Section 6 and in special “Warning” paragraphs throughout these test methods.

    1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.


    2. Referenced Documents (purchase separately) The documents listed below are referenced within the subject standard but are not provided as part of the standard.

    ASTM Standards

    D1193 Specification for Reagent Water

    E29 Practice for Using Significant Digits in Test Data to Determine Conformance with Specifications

    E50 Practices for Apparatus, Reagents, and Safety Considerations for Chemical Analysis of Metals, Ores, and Related Materials

    E60 Practice for Analysis of Metals, Ores, and Related Materials by Spectrophotometry

    E135 Terminology Relating to Analytical Chemistry for Metals, Ores, and Related Materials

    E173 Practice for Conducting Interlaboratory Studies of Methods for Chemical Analysis of Metals

    E350 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Carbon Steel, Low-Alloy Steel, Silicon Electrical Steel, Ingot Iron, and Wrought Iron

    E351 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Cast IronAll Types

    E352 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Tool Steels and Other Similar Medium- and High-Alloy Steels

    E353 Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Stainless, Heat-Resisting, Maraging, and Other Similar Chromium-Nickel-Iron Alloys

    E882 Guide for Accountability and Quality Control in the Chemical Analysis Laboratory

    E1019 Test Methods for Determination of Carbon, Sulfur, Nitrogen, and Oxygen in Steel, Iron, Nickel, and Cobalt Alloys by Various Combustion and Inert Gas Fusion Techniques

    E1601 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Evaluate the Performance of an Analytical Method

    E1806 Practice for Sampling Steel and Iron for Determination of Chemical Composition

    Other Document

    ISO5725 Precision of Test MethodsDetermination of Repeatability and Reproducibility for Inter-Laboratory Tests

    ICS Code

    ICS Number Code 77.140.40 (Steels with special magnetic properties)

    UNSPSC Code

    UNSPSC Code 11101712(Ferrous alloy); 11101711(Non ferrous alloy)

    Referencing This Standard
    Link Here
    Link to Active (This link will always route to the current Active version of the standard.)

    DOI: 10.1520/E0354-21

    Citation Format

    ASTM E354-21, Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of High-Temperature, Electrical, Magnetic, and Other Similar Iron, Nickel, and Cobalt Alloys, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2021, www.astm.org

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