ASTM D8071 - 17
Standard Test Method for Determination of Hydrocarbon Group Types and Select Hydrocarbon and Oxygenate Compounds in Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel Using Gas Chromatography with Vacuum Ultraviolet Absorption Spectroscopy Detection (GC-VUV)
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Significance and Use
5.1 The determination of class group composition of automotive spark-ignition fuels as well as quantification of various individual species such as oxygenates and aromatics in automotive fuels is useful for evaluating quality and expected performance, as well as compliance with various governmental regulations.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method is a standard procedure for the determination of paraffins, isoparaffins, olefins, naphthenes, aromatics, ethanol, and methanol in automotive spark-ignition engine fuels using gas chromatography and vacuum ultraviolet detection (GC-VUV).
1.2 Concentrations of compound classes and certain individual compounds are determined by percent mass or percent volume.
1.2.1 The method is developed for testing automotive spark-ignition engine fuels having concentrations of approximately 6 % to 17 % by mass paraffins, 24 % to 70 % by mass isoparaffins, 0.1 % to 16 % by mass olefins, 1 % to 14 % by mass naphthenes, and 16 % to 58 % by mass aromatics. Pending confirmation by a full interlaboratory study, the method is projected to be applicable to a wider range of concentrations and matrices. Temporary repeatability has been determined on a limited subset of samples given in 17.1.
1.3 Individual aromatic components and groups of aromatics greater than 0.01 % by mass are determined.
1.3.1 The method is developed for testing automotive spark-ignition engine fuels having concentrations of 0.08 % to 2.2 % by mass benzene, 1.7 % to 15 % by mass toluene, 0.3 % to 3 % by mass ethylbenzene, 1.5 % to 17 % by mass total xylenes, 0.06 % to 0.6 % by mass naphthalene, and 0.06 % to 1.1 % by mass total methylnaphthalenes. Pending confirmation by a full interlaboratory study, the method is projected to be applicable to a wider range of concentrations and matrices. Temporary repeatability has been determined on a limited subset of samples given in Table 8.
1.4 Isooctane (2,2,4-trimethylpentane) content is determined in the range 0.1 % by mass to 22 % by mass.
1.5 Ethanol and methanol may be determined by this test method. Ethanol is determined in the range of 0.1 % by mass to 15.0 % by mass. Methanol is determined in the range of 0.1 % by mass to 1.0 % by mass. Temporary repeatability has been determined on a limited subset of samples containing ethanol given in 17.1. Repeatability for methanol is currently not available.
1.6 Individual hydrocarbon components are typically not baseline-separated by the procedure described in this test method, that is, some components will coelute. The coelutions are resolved at the detector using VUV absorbance spectra and deconvolution algorithms.
1.7 While this test method reports percent mass and percent volume for several specific components that may be present in automotive spark-ignition engine fuel, it does not attempt to speciate all possible components that may occur in automotive spark-ignition engine fuel. In particular, this test method is not intended as a type of detailed hydrocarbon analysis (DHA).
1.8 This test method has been tested for spark-ignition engine fuels; the method may apply to spark-ignition blending streams but has not been extensively tested for such applications.
1.9 Units—The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.10 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents (purchase separately) The documents listed below are referenced within the subject standard but are not provided as part of the standard.
ASTM Standards
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4307 Practice for Preparation of Liquid Blends for Use as Analytical Standards
D5842 Practice for Sampling and Handling of Fuels for Volatility Measurement
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measurement System Performance
D6300 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and Lubricants
D6730 Test Method for Determination of Individual Components in Spark Ignition Engine Fuels by 100Metre Capillary (with Precolumn) High-Resolution Gas Chromatography
D6792 Practice for Quality System in Petroleum Products and Lubricants Testing Laboratories
ICS Code
ICS Number Code 75.160.20 (Liquid fuels)
UNSPSC Code
UNSPSC Code 12350000(Compounds and mixtures); 15101506(Gasoline or Petrol)
Referencing This Standard
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DOI: 10.1520/D8071-17
Citation Format
ASTM D8071-17, Standard Test Method for Determination of Hydrocarbon Group Types and Select Hydrocarbon and Oxygenate Compounds in Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel Using Gas Chromatography with Vacuum Ultraviolet Absorption Spectroscopy Detection (GC-VUV), ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2017, www.astm.org
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