ASTM D7973 - 19
Standard Guide for Monitoring Failure Mode Progression in Plain Bearings
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Significance and Use
5.1 This standard is intended as a guideline for the justification of oil test selection for monitoring plain bearing conditions. One should employ a continuous benchmarking against similar applications to ensure lessons learned are continuously being implemented.
5.2 Selection of oil tests for the purpose of detecting plain bearing failure modes requires good understanding of equipment design, operating requirements, and surrounding conditions. Specifically, detailed knowledge is required of bearing design configuration, dimensional tolerances, load directions, design limitations, lubrication mechanisms, lubricant characteristics, and metallurgy of lubricated surfaces. Equipment criticality and accessibility as well as application of other monitoring techniques (for example, vibration, ultrasound, or thermal images) are also critical information in this analysis process. In addition, detailed knowledge of the lubricating oil is paramount.
5.3 To properly apply the FMEA methodology, users must understand the changes encountered in the system during all operating modes, their impact on design functions, and available monitoring techniques capable of detecting these changes. To demonstrate this approach, Section 6 will provide extensive descriptions of the plain bearing failure modes, their causes, and effects.
1. Scope
1.1 This guide covers an oil test selection process for plain bearing applications by applying the principles of Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) as described in Guide D7874.
1.2 This guide approaches oil analysis from a failure standpoint and includes both the bearing wear and fluid deterioration.
1.3 This guide pertains to improving equipment reliability, reducing maintenance costs, and enhancing the condition-based maintenance program primarily for industrial machinery by applying analytical methodology to an oil analysis program for the purpose of determining the detection capability of specific failure modes.
1.4 This guide reinforces the requirements for appropriate assembly and operation within the original design envelope, as well as the need for condition-based and time-based maintenance.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents (purchase separately) The documents listed below are referenced within the subject standard but are not provided as part of the standard.
ASTM Standards
D130 Test Method for Corrosiveness to Copper from Petroleum Products by Copper Strip Test
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
D664 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Titration
D665 Test Method for Rust-Preventing Characteristics of Inhibited Mineral Oil in the Presence of Water
D1500 Test Method for ASTM Color of Petroleum Products (ASTM Color Scale)
D5185 Test Method for Multielement Determination of Used and Unused Lubricating Oils and Base Oils by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrometry (ICP-AES)
D6304 Test Method for Determination of Water in Petroleum Products, Lubricating Oils, and Additives by Coulometric Karl Fischer Titration
D7042 Test Method for Dynamic Viscosity and Density of Liquids by Stabinger Viscometer (and the Calculation of Kinematic Viscosity)
D7685 Practice for In-Line, Full Flow, Inductive Sensor for Ferromagnetic and Non-ferromagnetic Wear Debris Determination and Diagnostics for Aero-Derivative and Aircraft Gas Turbine Engine Bearings
D7690 Practice for Microscopic Characterization of Particles from In-Service Lubricants by Analytical Ferrography
D7874 Guide for Applying Failure Mode and Effect Analysis (FMEA) to In-Service Lubricant Testing
D8112 Guide for Obtaining In-Service Samples of Turbine Operation Related Lubricating Fluid
Other Documents
ISO 11500 Hydraulic Fluid PowerDetermination of the Particulate Contamination Level of a Liquid Sample by Automatic Particle Counting Using the Light-extinction Principle ISO 4407ICS Code
ICS Number Code 21.100.10 (Plain bearings)
UNSPSC Code
UNSPSC Code 31171515(Plain bearings); 15121500(Lubricating preparations)
Referencing This Standard
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DOI: 10.1520/D7973-19
Citation Format
ASTM D7973-19, Standard Guide for Monitoring Failure Mode Progression in Plain Bearings, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2019, www.astm.org
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