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Significance and Use
5.1 The determination of oxygenates is important in the manufacture of ethene, propene, 1-3 butadiene, C4 hydrocarbons, and C5 hydrocarbons. Alcohols, ethers, aldehydes, and ketones are trace impurities in these hydrocarbons. Oxygenates decrease catalyst activity in downstream polymerization processes.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the gas chromatographic procedure for the quantitative determination of organic oxygenates in C2, C3, C4, and C5 matrices by multidimensional gas chromatography and flame ionization detection. This test method is applicable when the hydrocarbon matrices have a final boiling point not greater than 200 °C. Oxygenate compounds include, but are not limited to, those listed in Table 1. The linear working range for oxygenates is 0.50 mg/kg to 100 mg/kg.
TABLE 1 Oxygenates and Typical Retention Times
Components | Retention Time (min) |
Dimethyl ether | 6.18 |
Diethyl ether | 8.44 |
Acetaldehyde | 8.89 |
Ethyl tert-butyl ether | 10.66 |
Methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE) | 10.92 |
Diisopropyl ether | 11.22 |
Propionaldehyde (Propanal) | 12.00 |
Tertiary amyl methyl ether (TAME) | 13.19 |
Propyl ether | 14.00 |
Isobutylaldehyde | 14.10 |
Butylaldehyde | 14.50 |
Methanol | 14.91 |
Acetone | 15.39 |
Isovaleraldehyde | 16.00 |
Valeraldehyde | 16.10 |
2-Butanone (MEK) | 17.14 |
Ethanol | 17.51 |
N-propyl alcohol and isopropanol | 19.20 (co-elution) |
Allyl Alcohol | 20.00 |
Isobutanol, Tert-butyl alcohol, Sec-Butanol | 20.24 (co-elution) |
N-butanol | 20.84 |
1.2 This test method is intended to determine the mass concentration of each oxygenate in the hydrocarbon matrix. Oxygenate compound identification is determined by reference standards and column elution retention order.
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents (purchase separately) The documents listed below are referenced within the subject standard but are not provided as part of the standard.
ASTM Standards
D1265 Practice for Sampling Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases, Manual Method
D1835 Specification for Liquefied Petroleum (LP) Gases
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measurement System Performance
D6300 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias Data for Use in Test Methods for Petroleum Products and Lubricants
D6849 Practice for Storage and Use of Liquefied Petroleum Gases (LPG) in Sample Cylinders for LPG Test Methods
E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods
E355 Practice for Gas Chromatography Terms and Relationships
ICS Code
ICS Number Code 71.080.01 (Organic chemicals in general)
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DOI: 10.1520/D7423-17
Citation Format
ASTM D7423-17, Standard Test Method for Determination of Oxygenates in C2, C3, C4, and C5 Hydrocarbon Matrices by Gas Chromatography and Flame Ionization Detection, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2017, www.astm.org
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