ASTM D5576 - 00(2013) Standard Practice for Determination of Structural Features in Polyolefins and Polyolefin Copolymers by Infrared Spectrophotometry (FT-IR)

ASTM D5576 - 00(2013)

Standard Practice for Determination of Structural Features in Polyolefins and Polyolefin Copolymers by Infrared Spectrophotometry (FT-IR)

Active Standard ASTM D5576 | Developed by Subcommittee: D20.70

Book of Standards Volume: 08.03

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Abstract

This practice covers infrared spectrophotometry procedures for determining the molecular structural features such as types and number of branches in polyolefins and polyolefin copolymers. The structural features expressed by these determinations affect the ultimate polymeric properties and are useful in showing correlations with many performance properties. The apparatus is comprised of double beam or Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer, hot plate, microscope slides, compression molding press, metal plates, brass shims, micrometer, and film mounts. Materials shall include polyethylene terephthalate, aluminum, or matte finished teflon-fiberglass sheet. The concentration shall be calculated using either the Beer-Lambert law with the appropriate molar absorptivity or an appropriate calibration curve.

This abstract is a brief summary of the referenced standard. It is informational only and not an official part of the standard; the full text of the standard itself must be referred to for its use and application. ASTM does not give any warranty express or implied or make any representation that the contents of this abstract are accurate, complete or up to date.

1. Scope

1.1 This practice covers infrared procedures for determining the molecular structural features in polyolefins and polyolefin copolymers. The structural features of primary concern are the types and numbers of branches. Although this practice centers its attention on polyolefins and polyolefin copolymers, the techniques, with proper modification, can be used for some other polymers as well.

Note 1—Quantitative determinations require either an internal or an external evaluation of sample thickness. ASTM test methods available for specific features are listed in Tables 1 and 2.

TABLE 1 Polyolefin Structural Features Determined by FT-IR

Structure	Absorption Band, cm^–1	ASTM Test Method
Methyl group (polyethylene)	1378	D2238
Methyl group (eth-prop copol)	1380
Pendant methyl	935
Terminal vinyl	908	D6248
Trans-vinylene	965	D6248
Vinylidene	888	D3124

TABLE 2 Structural Features in Polyolefin Copolymer Determined by FT-IR

Structure	Absorption Band, cm^–1	ASTM Test Method
Vinyl acetate	609	D5594
	1020	D5594
	3270	D5594
Styrene	770–700
	1600–1500
Ethyl acrylate	1640–1730
	862	D3594
Ethylene acrylate	1280–1200
	1640–1625

1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of the regulatory limitations prior to use.

Note 2—There is no known ISO equivalent to this standard.

2. Referenced Documents (purchase separately) The documents listed below are referenced within the subject standard but are not provided as part of the standard.

ASTM Standards

D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics

D1505 Test Method for Density of Plastics by the Density-Gradient Technique

D1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to Plastics

D2238 Test Methods for Absorbance of Polyethylene Due to Methyl Groups at 1378 cm-1

D3124 Test Method for Vinylidene Unsaturation in Polyethylene by Infrared Spectrophotometry

D3594 Test Method for Copolymerized Ethyl Acrylate In Ethylene-Ethyl Acrylate Copolymers

D5594 Test Method for Determination of the Vinyl Acetate Content of Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate (EVA) Copolymers by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR)

D6248 Test Method for Vinyl and Trans Unsaturation in Polyethylene by Infrared Spectrophotometry

E131 Terminology Relating to Molecular Spectroscopy

E168 Practices for General Techniques of Infrared Quantitative Analysis

E932 Practice for Describing and Measuring Performance of Dispersive Infrared Spectrometers

E1421 Practice for Describing and Measuring Performance of Fourier Transform Mid-Infrared (FT-MIR) Spectrometers: Level Zero and Level One Tests

ICS Code

ICS Number Code 83.080.20 (Thermoplastic materials)

UNSPSC Code

UNSPSC Code 13102032(Thermoplastic polyolefin TPO)

Referencing This Standard

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DOI: 10.1520/D5576-00R13

Citation Format

ASTM D5576-00(2013), Standard Practice for Determination of Structural Features in Polyolefins and Polyolefin Copolymers by Infrared Spectrophotometry (FT-IR), ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2013, www.astm.org