ASTM D5501 - 20
Standard Test Method for Determination of Ethanol and Methanol Content in Fuels Containing Greater than 20 % Ethanol by Gas Chromatography
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Significance and Use
5.1 This test method provides a method of determining the percentage of ethanol in an ethanol-gasoline fuel blend over the range of 20 % by mass to 100 % by mass for compliance with fuel specifications and federal or local fuel regulations.
5.2 Ethanol content of denatured fuel ethanol for gasoline blending is required in accordance with Specification D4806.
5.3 Ethanol content of ethanol fuel blends for flexible-fuel automotive spark-ignition engines is required in accordance with Specification D5798.
5.4 This test method is acceptable for determining the percentage of ethanol for either denatured fuel ethanol or undenatured ethanol for use in industrial applications using Table 3(a) or Table 3(b).
5.4.1 Refer to local, federal, or other authorities having jurisdiction for information regarding the correct implementation of either Table 3(a) or Table 3(b).
5.4.2 Specific regulatory requirements for U.S. domestic fuel applications are given in Appendix X5 for information.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method covers the determination of the ethanol content of hydrocarbon blends containing greater than 20 % ethanol. This method is applicable to denatured fuel ethanol, ethanol fuel blends, and mid-level ethanol blends.
1.1.1 Ethanol is determined from 20 % by mass to 100 % by mass and methanol is determined from 0.01 % by mass to 0.6 % by mass. Equations used to convert these individual alcohols from percent by mass to percent by volume are provided.
Note 1: Fuels containing less than 20 % ethanol may be quantified using Test Method D5599, and less than 12 % ethanol may be quantified using Test Method D4815.
1.2 This test method does not purport to identify all individual components common to ethanol production or those components that make up the denaturant or hydrocarbon constituent of the fuel.
1.3 Water cannot be determined by this test method and shall be measured by a procedure such as Test Method D7923, E203, or E1064 and the result used to correct the concentrations determined by this method.
1.4 This test method is inappropriate for impurities that boil at temperatures higher than 225 °C or for impurities that cause poor or no response in a flame ionization detector, such as water.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are provided for information purposes only.
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents (purchase separately) The documents listed below are referenced within the subject standard but are not provided as part of the standard.
ASTM Standards
D1298 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, or API Gravity of Crude Petroleum and Liquid Petroleum Products by Hydrometer Method
D1364 Test Method for Water in Volatile Solvents (Karl Fischer Reagent Titration Method)
D4052 Test Method for Density, Relative Density, and API Gravity of Liquids by Digital Density Meter
D4057 Practice for Manual Sampling of Petroleum and Petroleum Products
D4175 Terminology Relating to Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants
D4307 Practice for Preparation of Liquid Blends for Use as Analytical Standards
D4626 Practice for Calculation of Gas Chromatographic Response Factors
D4806 Specification for Denatured Fuel Ethanol for Blending with Gasolines for Use as Automotive Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
D4815 Test Method for Determination of MTBE, ETBE, TAME, DIPE, tertiary-Amyl Alcohol and C1 to C4 Alcohols in Gasoline by Gas Chromatography
D5599 Test Method for Determination of Oxygenates in Gasoline by Gas Chromatography and Oxygen Selective Flame Ionization Detection
D5798 Specification for Ethanol Fuel Blends for Flexible-Fuel Automotive Spark-Ignition Engines
D6299 Practice for Applying Statistical Quality Assurance and Control Charting Techniques to Evaluate Analytical Measurement System Performance
D6792 Practice for Quality Management Systems in Petroleum Products, Liquid Fuels, and Lubricants Testing Laboratories
D7923 Test Method for Water in Ethanol and Hydrocarbon Blends by Karl Fischer Titration
E203 Test Method for Water Using Volumetric Karl Fischer Titration
E355 Practice for Gas Chromatography Terms and Relationships
E594 Practice for Testing Flame Ionization Detectors Used in Gas or Supercritical Fluid Chromatography
E1064 Test Method for Water in Organic Liquids by Coulometric Karl Fischer Titration
E1510 Practice for Installing Fused Silica Open Tubular Capillary Columns in Gas Chromatographs
E3237 Specification for Undenatured Ethanol from Biomass for Use in Industrial Applications
U.S. Federal Standards
27 CFR 30.22 Hydrometers and Thermometers 27 CFR 30.67 Table 7, for correction of volume of spirituous liquors to 60F 40 CFR 80.1426 How are RINs generated and assigned to batches of renewable fuel by renewable fuel producers or importers?ICS Code
ICS Number Code 75.160.20 (Liquid fuels)
Referencing This Standard
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DOI: 10.1520/D5501-20
Citation Format
ASTM D5501-20, Standard Test Method for Determination of Ethanol and Methanol Content in Fuels Containing Greater than 20 % Ethanol by Gas Chromatography, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2020, www.astm.org
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