ASTM D5284 - 09(2017)
Standard Test Method for Sequential Batch Extraction of Waste with Acidic Extraction Fluid
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Significance and Use
4.1 This test method is intended as a means for obtaining sequential extracts of a waste. The extracts may be used to estimate the release of certain constituents of the waste under the laboratory conditions described in this test method.
4.2 The pH of the extraction fluid used in this test method is to reflect the pH of acidic precipitation in the geographic region in which the waste being tested is to be disposed.
Note 1: Possible sources of information concerning the pH of precipitation in the geographic region of interest include state and federal environmental agencies, state universities, libraries, etc.
Note 2: For sequential batch extraction of waste using a nonacidic extraction fluid, see Test Method D4793.
4.3 An intent of this test method is for the final pH of each of the extracts to reflect the interaction of the extractant with the buffering capacity of the waste.
4.4 This test method is not intended to provide extracts that are representative of the actual leachate produced from a waste in the field or to produce extracts to be used as the sole basis of engineering design.
4.5 This test method has not been demonstrated to simulate actual disposal site leaching conditions.
4.6 This test method produces extracts that are amenable to the determination of both major and minor (trace) constituents. When minor constituents are being determined, it is especially important that precautions be taken in sample storage and handling to avoid possible contamination of the samples.
4.7 This test method has been tested to determine its applicability to certain inorganic components in the waste. This test method has not been tested for applicability to organic substances, volatile matter (see Note 5), or biologically active samples.
4.8 The agitation technique, rate, liquid-to-solid ratio, and filtration conditions specified in the procedure may not be suitable for extracting all types of wastes (see Sections 7 and 8 and Appendix X1).
1. Scope
1.1 This test method provides a procedure for the sequential leaching of a waste containing at least 5 % dry solids in order to generate solutions to be used to determine the constituents leached under the specified testing conditions.
1.2 This test method calls for the shaking of a known weight of waste with acidic extraction fluid of a specified composition as well as the separation of the liquid phase for analysis. The pH of the extraction fluid is to reflect the pH of acidic precipitation in the geographic region in which the waste being tested is to be disposed. The procedure is conducted ten times in sequence on the same sample of waste, and it generates ten solutions.
1.3 This test method is intended to describe the procedure for performing sequential batch extractions only. It does not describe all types of sampling and analytical requirements that may be associated with its application.
1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.5 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.6 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents (purchase separately) The documents listed below are referenced within the subject standard but are not provided as part of the standard.
ASTM Standards
D75/D75M Practice for Sampling Aggregates
D420 Guide to Site Characterization for Engineering Design and Construction Purposes
D653 Terminology Relating to Soil, Rock, and Contained Fluids
D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D2234/D2234M Practice for Collection of a Gross Sample of Coal
D2777 Practice for Determination of Precision and Bias of Applicable Test Methods of Committee D19 on Water
D3370 Practices for Sampling Water from Closed Conduits
D4793 Test Method for Sequential Batch Extraction of Waste with Water
ICS Code
ICS Number Code 13.030.40 (Installations and equipment for waste disposal and treatment)
UNSPSC Code
UNSPSC Code 77100000(Environmental management)
Referencing This Standard
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DOI: 10.1520/D5284-09R17
Citation Format
ASTM D5284-09(2017), Standard Test Method for Sequential Batch Extraction of Waste with Acidic Extraction Fluid, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2017, www.astm.org
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