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Significance and Use
4.1 Materials made from photodegradable plastics are intended to deteriorate rapidly when exposed to solar radiation, oxygen, heat, moisture and other degrading elements of the weather. This practice is used for evaluating the photodegradability of plastics when exposed in an apparatus that produces simulated daylight (1,2)6 and controlled temperature and moisture. The exposure used in this practice is not intended to simulate the deterioration caused by localized weather phenomena such as atmospheric pollution, biological attack, and salt water exposure. There can be no positive correlation of exposure results between this and other laboratory weathering devices.
4.2 Variations in results can be expected when operating conditions are varied within the accepted limits of this practice. Therefore, all test results using this practice must be accompanied by the specific operating conditions required in Section 9. Refer to Practice G151 for detailed information on the caveats applicable to use of results obtained in accordance with this practice.
4.3 The results of laboratory exposure cannot be directly extrapolated to estimate absolute rate of deterioration by the environment because the acceleration factor is material dependent and can be significantly different for each material and for different formulations of the same material. However, exposure of a similar material of known outdoor performance, a control, at the same time as the test specimens allows comparison of the durability relative to that of the control under the test conditions. Evaluation in terms of relative durabilities also greatly improves the agreement in test results among different laboratories (3).
4.4 Test results will depend on the care that is taken to operate the equipment in accordance with Practice G155. Significant factors include regulation of line voltage, freedom from salt or other deposits from water, temperature and humidity control and condition and age of the burners and filters.
4.5 Before proceeding with this practice, it is common practice to reference the specifications of the material being tested. Any test specimen preparation, conditioning, dimensions, or testing parameters, or combination thereof, covered in the material specification shall take precedence over those mentioned in this practice. If there are no material specifications, then the default conditions apply.
1. Scope
1.1 This practice covers specific procedures and test conditions that are applicable for xenon arc exposure of photodegradable plastics conducted in accordance with Practices G151 and G155. This practice also covers the preparation of test specimens, the test conditions best suited for photodegradable plastics, and the evaluation of test results.
1.2 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
2. Referenced Documents (purchase separately) The documents listed below are referenced within the subject standard but are not provided as part of the standard.
ASTM Standards
D882 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Thin Plastic Sheeting
D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics
D1293 Test Methods for pH of Water
D2565 Practice for Xenon-Arc Exposure of Plastics Intended for Outdoor Applications
D3593 Test Method for Molecular Weight Averages/ Distribution of Certain Polymers by Liquid Size-Exclusion Chromatography (Gel Permeation Chromatography GPC) Using Universal Calibration
D3826 Practice for Determining Degradation End Point in Degradable Polyethylene and Polypropylene Using a Tensile Test
D3890 Test Method for Number of Strokes to Prime a Mechanical Pump Dispenser
D5870 Practice for Calculating Property Retention Index of Plastics
E691 Practice for Conducting an Interlaboratory Study to Determine the Precision of a Test Method
G113 Terminology Relating to Natural and Artificial Weathering Tests of Nonmetallic Materials
G141 Guide for Addressing Variability in Exposure Testing of Nonmetallic Materials
G147 Practice for Conditioning and Handling of Nonmetallic Materials for Natural and Artificial Weathering Tests
G151 Practice for Exposing Nonmetallic Materials in Accelerated Test Devices that Use Laboratory Light Sources
G155 Practice for Operating Xenon Arc Light Apparatus for Exposure of Non-Metallic Materials
G169 Guide for Application of Basic Statistical Methods to Weathering Tests
Other Standards
DIN 53384 Testing of Plastics: Artificial Weathering or Exposure in Laboratory Exposure Weathering or Exposure in Laboratory Exposure Apparatus to UV Radiation ISO 4892-2 Plastics--Method of Exposure to Laboratory Light Sources--Part 2, Xenon Arc Sources Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036. Publication C.I.E. No. 85 (1989) Publication No. CIE 85, 1 st Ed., 1989 Technical Report, Solar Spectral Irradiance, available from U.S. National Committee CIE, Mr. Thomas M. Lemons, TLA-Lighting Consultants, Inc., 72 Loring Ave., Salem, MA 01970.ICS Code
ICS Number Code 13.030.99 (Other standards related to wastes); 29.140.30 (Fluorescent lamps. Discharge lamps)
UNSPSC Code
UNSPSC Code 13100000(Rubber and elastomers)
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DOI: 10.1520/D5071-06R13
Citation Format
ASTM D5071-06(2013), Standard Practice for Exposure of Photodegradable Plastics in a Xenon Arc Apparatus, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2013, www.astm.org
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