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ASTM D4858 - 13
Standard Test Method for Determination of the Tendency of Lubricants to Promote Preignition in Two-Stroke-Cycle Gasoline Engines
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Significance and Use
5.1 Two-stroke-cycle gasoline engines are generally more prone to preignition than are four-stroke-cycle engines due to the absence of the internal cooling that takes place during the induction stroke of the four-stroke-cycle engines. Preignition can lead to major piston damage, either directly due to localized overheating or as the result of preignition-induced detonation. Some lubricant additives that are widely used in four-stroke-cycle gasoline engine oils are known to increase the probability of preignition in gasoline two-stroke-cycle engines. This procedure is used to determine the tendency of an oil to induce preignition in both water-cooled and air-cooled two-stroke-cycle gasoline engines.
1. Scope
1.1 This test method2 evaluates the performance of lubricants intended for use in two-stroke-cycle spark-ignition gasoline engines that are prone to preignition.
2. Referenced Documents (purchase separately) The documents listed below are referenced within the subject standard but are not provided as part of the standard.
ANSI Standard
ANSI MC 96.1 American National Standard for Temperature Measurement Thermocouples Available from American National Standards Institute (ANSI), 25 W. 43rd St., 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036, http://www.ansi.org.ASTM Standards
B152/B152M Specification for Copper Sheet, Strip, Plate, and Rolled Bar
D439 Specification for Automotive Gasoline
D445 Test Method for Kinematic Viscosity of Transparent and Opaque Liquids (and Calculation of Dynamic Viscosity)
D664 Test Method for Acid Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Titration
D874 Test Method for Sulfated Ash from Lubricating Oils and Additives
D910 Specification for Leaded Aviation Gasolines
D2270 Practice for Calculating Viscosity Index from Kinematic Viscosity at 40C and 100C
D2699 Test Method for Research Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
D2700 Test Method for Motor Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuel
D2885 Test Method for Determination of Octane Number of Spark-Ignition Engine Fuels by On-Line Direct Comparison Technique
D2896 Test Method for Base Number of Petroleum Products by Potentiometric Perchloric Acid Titration
D4857 Test Method for Determination of the Ability of Lubricants to Minimize Ring Sticking and Piston Deposits in Two-Stroke-Cycle Gasoline Engines Other Than Outboards
D4863 Test Method for Determination of Lubricity of Two-Stroke-Cycle Gasoline Engine Lubricants
E230 Specification and Temperature-Electromotive Force (EMF) Tables for Standardized Thermocouples
ICS Code
ICS Number Code 75.100 (Lubricants, industrial oils and related products)
UNSPSC Code
UNSPSC Code 15121500(Lubricating preparations)
Referencing This Standard
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DOI: 10.1520/D4858-13
Citation Format
ASTM D4858-13, Standard Test Method for Determination of the Tendency of Lubricants to Promote Preignition in Two-Stroke-Cycle Gasoline Engines, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2013, www.astm.org
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