ASTM D3730 - 17
Standard Guide for Testing High-Performance Interior Architectural Wall Coatings
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Abstract
This guide covers the selection and use of test methods for high-performance interior architectural wall coatings (HIPAC) designed for wall surfaces of steel, masonry (poured concrete, concrete block, or cinder block), and plaster or gypsum wallboard. HIPAC are tough, extra-durable organic coating systems applied as continuous (seamless) film and cure to a hard finish. HIPAC are not usually intended for ceilings and floors, and would not ordinarily be used in homes. The types of resin ordinarily used are epoxy-polyamide, two-package; polyester-epoxy, twopackage; and polyurethane, one-package or two-package. Practical requirements for HIPAC vary with substrate type and climate conditions. The tests for measuring the properties enumerated below are detailed. Liquid coating properties include: (1) skinning, (2) condition in container, (3) coarse particles and foreign matter, (4) density or weight per gallon, (5) fineness of dispersion, (6) odor, (7) flash point, (8) dilution stability, (9) volatile content, (10) free diisocyanate content, and (11) package stability. Coating application and film formation properties include: (1) brush, roller, and spray application properties, (2) rheological properties, (3) curing, (4) wet-film thickness, and (5) touch-up uniformity. Dry coating appearance includes: (1) color difference, (2) directional reference, (3) gloss, (4) hiding power, and (5) yellowness index. Dry coating properties include: (1) abrasion resistance, (2) adhesion, (3) impact resistance, (4) chemical resistance, (5) washability and cleansability, (6) mildew resistance, (7) perspiration resistance, (8) heat and cold resistance, (9) heat and humidity resistance, (10) fire hazards, and (11) dry-film thickness.
This abstract is a brief summary of the referenced standard. It is informational only and not an official part of the standard; the full text of the standard itself must be referred to for its use and application. ASTM does not give any warranty express or implied or make any representation that the contents of this abstract are accurate, complete or up to date.
1. Scope
1.1 This guide covers the selection and use of test methods for high-performance interior architectural wall coatings (HIPAC) that differ from more conventional coatings by being tougher, more stain-resistant, more abrasion-resistant and, ordinarily, designed to be applied to wall surfaces of steel, masonry (poured concrete, concrete block, or cinder block), and plaster or gypsum wallboard. The tests that are listed in Table 1 and Table 2 are designed to measure performance properties. These tests may not all be required for each HIPAC system. Selection of the test methods to be followed must be governed by experience and the requirements in each individual case, together with agreement between the purchaser and the seller.
1.2 High-performance architectural coatings are tough, extra-durable organic coating systems that are applied as a continuous (seamless) film and cure to a hard finish. The finish can be high gloss, semigloss, or low gloss as desired. These coatings are resistant to persistent heat, humidity, abrasion, staining, chemicals, and fungus growth. They are used in areas where humidity, wear, or unusual chemical resistance requirements, particularly to soiling, are required and where strong detergents are used to maintain sanitary conditions. Halls and stairways in public buildings, lavatories, stall showers, locker areas, animal pens, and biological laboratories are typical applications. In addition, food processing plants, dairies, restaurants, schools, and transport terminals frequently use HIPAC systems. These are effective in many areas of building interiors compared with tile and are of low materials and maintenance costs. They are used as a complete system only as recommended by the manufacturer since the individual coats in a system are formulated to be compatible with each other. HIPAC systems should be applied only to properly prepared surfaces such as steel or masonry, including cinder blocks and cement blocks. They can be applied over plaster and gypsum wallboard. Ordinarily, a prime or fill coat, if required, is part of the system.
1.3 While they are excellent for walls, HIPAC are not usually intended for ceilings and floors. They would not ordinarily be used in homes, although parents with small children might want to use HIPAC coatings on some walls.
1.4 The types of resin ordinarily used are the following: epoxy-polyamide, two-package; polyester-epoxy, two-package; polyurethane, one-package or two-package. However, other resin types are not excluded provided they can meet the requirements (performance specifications) laid down by the purchaser.
1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
TABLE 1 List of Standards in Sectional Order
| Property | Section | ASTM | Federal |
| Sampling: | 5.2 | D3925 | ... |
| Liquid Paint Properties: |
|
|
|
| Skinning | 7.1 | D154 |
|
| Condition in container | 7.2 | ... | 3011 |
| Coarse particles and foreign matter | 7.3 | D185 |
|
| Density or weight per gallon | 7.4 | D1475 |
|
| Fineness of dispersion | 7.5 | D1210 |
|
| Flash point | 7.7 | D93, D3278 |
|
| Dilution stability | 7.8 | ... | 4203 |
| Volatile content | 7.9 | D2369 | ... |
| Free diisocyanate content | 7.10 | D3432 | ... |
| Package stability | 7.11 |
|
|
| Heat stability | 7.11.1 | D1849 |
|
| Settling | 7.11.2 | D869 |
|
| Color Acceptance | 7.12 | D5326 |
|
| Coating Application and Film Formation: |
|
|
|
| Application properties | 8.1 | ... | 4541 |
| Brush application | 8.1.1 | ... | 2141 |
| Brush drag | 8.1.1.1 | D4958 | ... |
| Roller application | 8.1.2 | ... | 2112 |
| Roller spatter | 8.1.2.1 | D4707 | ... |
| Spray application | 8.1.3 | ... | 2131 |
| Open time | 8.1.4 | D7488 |
|
| Rheological properties | 8.2 | ... | ... |
| Consistency (low-shear viscosity) | 8.2.1 | D562 | ... |
| Rheological properties of non-Newtonian liquids | 8.2.2 | D2196, D4287 | ... |
| Sag resistance | 8.2.3 | D4400 | ... |
| Leveling properties | 8.2.4 | D4062 | ... |
| Curing properties | 8.3 | ... | ... |
| Wet-film thickness | 8.4 | D1212 | ... |
| Touch-up uniformity | 8.5 | D3928, D7489 |
|
| Low Temperature Coalescence | 8.6 | D3793, D7306 |
|
| Enamel holdout | 8.7 | D7786 |
|
| Appearance of Dry Coating: |
|
|
|
| Color appearance | 9.1.1 | ... | ... |
| Color differences by visual comparison | 9.1.2 | D1729 | ... |
| Color differences using instrumental | 9.1.3 | D2244 | ... |
| Directional reflectance | 9.2 | E1347 | ... |
| Gloss, 60° | 9.3 | D523 | ... |
| Hiding power | 9.4 | D344, D2805, D5150 | ... |
| Yellowness index | 9.5 | E313 |
|
| Properties of Dry Film: |
|
|
|
| Abrasion resistance | 10.1 | D4060 | ... |
| Adhesion | 10.2 | D4541 | ... |
| Wet Adhesion | 10.2.1 | D6900 | 6301 |
| Impact resistance | 10.3 | D2794 | ... |
| Chemical resistance | 10.4 | D1308 | ... |
| Washability and cleansability | 10.5 | ... | ... |
| Washability | 10.5.1 | D2486, D4213 | ... |
| Cleansability | 10.5.2 | D3450, D4828 | ... |
| Stainblocking | 10.6 | D7514 |
|
| Mildew resistance | 10.7 | D3273 | ... |
| Perspiration resistance | 10.8 | ... | ... |
| Heat and cold resistance | 10.9 | D1211 | ... |
| Heat and humidity resistance | 10.10 | D2247 | ... |
| Fire hazards | 10.11 | E84 |
|
| Dry-film thickness | 10.12 | D1005, D1186, D1400 |
|
| Burnish Resistance | 10.13 | D6736 |
|
TABLE 2 Alphabetical List of Test Methods
| Test Method | Section | ASTM | Federal Test |
| Abrasion resistance | 10.1 | D4060 |
|
| Adhesion | 10.2 | D4541 | ... |
| Application properties | 8.1 | ... | 4541 |
| Brush application | 8.1.1 | ... | 2141 |
| Brush drag | 8.1.1.1 | D4958 | ... |
| Burnish Resistance | 10.13 | D6736 |
|
| Chemical resistance | 10.4 | D1308A | ... |
| Cleansability | 10.5.2 | D3450, D4828 | ... |
| Coarse particles and foreign matter | 7.3 | D185 |
|
| Color Acceptance | 7.12 | D5326 |
|
| Color appearance | 9.1.1 | ... | ... |
| Color differences by visual comparison | 9.1.2 | D1729 | ... |
| Color differences using instrumental | 9.1.3 | D2244 | ... |
| Condition in container | 7.2 | ... | 3011 |
| Consistency (low-shear viscosity) | 8.2.1 | D562 | ... |
| Curing properties | 8.3 | ... | ... |
| Density or weight per gallon | 7.4 | D1475 | ... |
| Dilution stability | 7.8 | ... | 4203 |
| Directional reflectance | 8.2 | E1347 | ... |
| Dry-film thickness | 10.12 | D1005, D1186, D1400 | ... |
| Enamel holdout | 8.7 | D7786 |
|
| Fineness of dispersion | 7.5 | D1210 | ... |
| Fire hazards | 10.11 | E84 |
|
| Flash point | 7.7 | D93, D3278 | ... |
| Free diisocyanate content | 7.10 | D3432 |
|
| Gloss (60-deg specular) | 9.3 | D523 |
|
| Heat and cold resistance | 10.9 | D1211A | ... |
| Heat and humidity resistance | 10.10 | D2247A | ... |
| Heat stability | 7.11.1 | D1849 |
|
| Hiding power | 9.4 | D344, D2805, D5150 | ... |
| Impact resistance | 10.3 | ... | ... |
| Leveling properties | 8.2.4 | D4062 | ... |
| Low Temperature Coalescence | 8.6 | D3793, D7306 | ... |
| Mildew resistance | 10.7 | D3273 | ... |
| Open time of latex | 8.1.4 | D7488 |
|
| Package stability | 7.11 |
|
|
| Perspiration resistance | 10.8 | ... | ... |
| Rheological properties of non-Newtonian liquids | 8.2.2 | D2196, D4287 | ... |
| Roller application | 8.1.2 | ... | 2112 |
| Roller spatter | 8.1.2.1 | D4707 | ... |
| Sag resistance | 8.2.3 | D4400 | ... |
| Sampling | 5.2 | D3925 | ... |
| Settling | 7.11.2 | D869 |
|
| Skinning | 7.1 | D154 |
|
| Spray application | 8.3 | ... | 2131 |
| Stainblocking | 10.6 | D7514 |
|
| Touch-up uniformity | 8.5 | D3928, D7489 |
|
| Volatile content | 7.9 | D2369 | ... |
| Washability | 10.5.1 | D2486, D4213 | ... |
| Wet Adhesion | 10.2.1 | D6900 | 6301 |
| Wet-film thickness | 8.4 | D1212 | ... |
| Yellowness index | 9.5 | E313 |
|
1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For a specific hazard statement, see the note in 7.6.
1.7 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents (purchase separately) The documents listed below are referenced within the subject standard but are not provided as part of the standard.
ASTM Standards
D16 Terminology for Paint, Related Coatings, Materials, and Applications
D93 Test Methods for Flash Point by Pensky-Martens Closed Cup Tester
D154 Guide for Testing Varnishes
D185 Test Methods for Coarse Particles in Pigments
D344 Test Method for Relative Hiding Power of Paints by the Visual Evaluation of Brushouts
D523 Test Method for Specular Gloss
D562 Test Method for Consistency of Paints Measuring Krebs Unit (KU) Viscosity Using a Stormer-Type Viscometer
D869 Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Settling of Paint
D1005 Test Method for Measurement of Dry-Film Thickness of Organic Coatings Using Micrometers
D1186 Test Methods for Nondestructive Measurement of Dry Film Thickness of Nonmagnetic Coatings Applied to a Ferrous Base
D1210 Test Method for Fineness of Dispersion of Pigment-Vehicle Systems by Hegman-Type Gage
D1211 Test Method for Temperature-Change Resistance of Clear Nitrocellulose Lacquer Films Applied to Wood
D1212 Test Methods for Measurement of Wet Film Thickness of Organic Coatings
D1296 Test Method for Odor of Volatile Solvents and Diluents
D1308 Test Method for Effect of Household Chemicals on Clear and Pigmented Organic Finishes
D1400 Test Method for Nondestructive Measurement of Dry Film Thickness of Nonconductive Coatings Applied to a Nonferrous Metal Base
D1475 Test Method For Density of Liquid Coatings, Inks, and Related Products
D1729 Practice for Visual Appraisal of Colors and Color Differences of Diffusely-Illuminated Opaque Materials
D1849 Test Method for Package Stability of Paint
D2196 Test Methods for Rheological Properties of Non-Newtonian Materials by Rotational Viscometer
D2244 Practice for Calculation of Color Tolerances and Color Differences from Instrumentally Measured Color Coordinates
D2247 Practice for Testing Water Resistance of Coatings in 100% Relative Humidity
D2369 Test Method for Volatile Content of Coatings
D2486 Test Methods for Scrub Resistance of Wall Paints
D2794 Test Method for Resistance of Organic Coatings to the Effects of Rapid Deformation (Impact)
D2805 Test Method for Hiding Power of Paints by Reflectometry
D3273 Test Method for Resistance to Growth of Mold on the Surface of Interior Coatings in an Environmental Chamber
D3278 Test Methods for Flash Point of Liquids by Small Scale Closed-Cup Apparatus
D3432 Test Method for Unreacted Toluene Diisocyanates in Urethane Prepolymers and Coating Solutions by Gas Chromatography
D3450 Test Method for Washability Properties of Interior Architectural Coatings
D3793 Test Method for Low-Temperature Coalescence of Latex Paint Films by Porosity Measurement
D3925 Practice for Sampling Liquid Paints and Related Pigmented Coatings
D3928 Test Method for Evaluation of Gloss or Sheen Uniformity
D4060 Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Organic Coatings by the Taber Abraser
D4062 Test Method for Leveling of Paints by Draw-Down Method
D4213 Test Method for Scrub Resistance of Paints by Abrasion Weight Loss
D4287 Test Method for High-Shear Viscosity Using a Cone/Plate Viscometer
D4400 Test Method for Sag Resistance of Paints Using a Multinotch Applicator
D4541 Test Method for Pull-Off Strength of Coatings Using Portable Adhesion Testers
D4585 Practice for Testing Water Resistance of Coatings Using Controlled Condensation
D4707 Test Method for Measuring Paint Spatter Resistance During Roller Application
D4828 Test Methods for Practical Washability of Organic Coatings
D4958 Test Method for Comparison of the Brush Drag of Latex Paints
D5150 Test Method for Hiding Power of Architectural Paints Applied by Roller
D5326 Test Method for Color Development in Tinted Latex Paints
D6736 Test Method for Burnish Resistance of Latex Paints
D6900 Test Method for Wet Adhesion of Latex Paints to a Gloss Alkyd Enamel Substrate
D7306 Practice for Testing Low Temperature Film-Formation of Latex Paints by Visual Observation
D7488 Test Method for Open Time of Latex Paints
D7489 Practice for Evaluating Touch-Up Properties of Architectural Coatings under Various Environmental Conditions
D7514 Test Method for Evaluating Ink Stainblocking of Architectural Paint Systems by Visual Assessment
D7786 Test Method for Determining Enamel Holdout
E84 Test Method for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials
E105 Practice for Probability Sampling of Materials
E313 Practice for Calculating Yellowness and Whiteness Indices from Instrumentally Measured Color Coordinates
E1347 Test Method for Color and Color-Difference Measurement by Tristimulus Colorimetry
ICS Code
ICS Number Code 87.040 (Paints and varnishes)
UNSPSC Code
UNSPSC Code 46181533(Protective coats)
Referencing This Standard
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DOI: 10.1520/D3730-17
Citation Format
ASTM D3730-17, Standard Guide for Testing High-Performance Interior Architectural Wall Coatings, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2017, www.astm.org
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