ASTM D3694 - 96(2017)
Standard Practices for Preparation of Sample Containers and for Preservation of Organic Constituents
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Significance and Use
4.1 There are four basic steps necessary to obtain meaningful analytical data: preparation of the sample container, sampling, sample preservation, and analysis. In fact these four basic steps comprise the analytical method and for this reason no step should be overlooked. Although the significance of preservation is dependent upon the time between sampling and the analysis, unless the analysis is accomplished within 2 h after sampling, preservation is preferred and usually required.
1. Scope
1.1 These practices cover the various means of (1) preparing sample containers used for collection of waters to be analyzed for organic constituents and (2) preservation of such samples from the time of sample collection until the time of analysis.
1.2 The sample preservation practice is dependent upon the specific analysis to be conducted. See Section 9 for preservation practices listed with the corresponding applicable general and specific constituent test method. The preservation method for waterborne oils is given in Practice D3325. Use of the information given herein will make it possible to choose the minimum number of sample preservation practices necessary to ensure the integrity of a sample designated for multiple analysis. For further considerations of sample preservation, see the Manual on Water.2
1.3 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.
1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety, health, and environmental practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. For specific hazard statements, see 6.7, 6.24, and 8.1.3.
1.5 This international standard was developed in accordance with internationally recognized principles on standardization established in the Decision on Principles for the Development of International Standards, Guides and Recommendations issued by the World Trade Organization Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) Committee.
2. Referenced Documents (purchase separately) The documents listed below are referenced within the subject standard but are not provided as part of the standard.
ASTM Standards
D1129 Terminology Relating to Water
D1193 Specification for Reagent Water
D1252 Test Methods for Chemical Oxygen Demand (Dichromate Oxygen Demand) of Water
D1783 Test Methods for Phenolic Compounds in Water
D2036 Test Methods for Cyanides in Water
D2330 Test Method for Methylene Blue Active Substances
D2579 Test Method for Total Organic Carbon in Water
D2580 Test Method for Phenols in Water by Gas-Liquid Chromatography
D2908 Practice for Measuring Volatile Organic Matter in Water by Aqueous-Injection Gas Chromatography
D3113 Test Methods for Sodium Salts of EDTA in Water
D3325 Practice for Preservation of Waterborne Oil Samples
D3371 Test Method for Nitriles in Aqueous Solution by Gas-Liquid Chromatography
D3534 Test Method for Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs) in Water
D3590 Test Methods for Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen in Water
D3695 Test Method for Volatile Alcohols in Water by Direct Aqueous-Injection Gas Chromatography
D3856 Guide for Management Systems in Laboratories Engaged in Analysis of Water
D3871 Test Method for Purgeable Organic Compounds in Water Using Headspace Sampling
D3921 Test Method For Oil and Grease and Petroleum Hydrocarbons in Water
D3973 Test Method for Low-Molecular Weight Halogenated Hydrocarbons in Water
D4129 Test Method for Total and Organic Carbon in Water by High Temperature Oxidation and by Coulometric Detection
D4165 Test Method for Cyanogen Chloride in Water
D4193 Test Method for Thiocyanate in Water
D4281 Test Method for Oil and Grease (Fluorocarbon Extractable Substances) by Gravimetric Determination
D4282 Test Method for Determination of Free Cyanide in Water and Wastewater by Microdiffusion
D4374 Test Methods for Cyanides in Water--Automated Methods for Total Cyanide, Weak Acid Dissociable Cyanide, and Thiocyanate
D4515 Practice for Estimation of Holding Time for Water Samples Containing Organic Constituents
D4657 Test Method for Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Water
D4744 Test Method for Organic Halides in Water by Carbon AdsorptionMicrocoulometric Detection
D4763 Practice for Identification of Chemicals in Water by Fluorescence Spectroscopy
D4779 Test Method for Total, Organic, and Inorganic Carbon in High Purity Water by Ultraviolet (UV) or Persulfate Oxidation, or Both, and Infrared Detection
D4839 Test Method for Total Carbon and Organic Carbon in Water by Ultraviolet, or Persulfate Oxidation, or Both, and Infrared Detection
D4841 Practice for Estimation of Holding Time for Water Samples Containing Organic and Inorganic Constituents
D4983 Test Method for Cyclohexylamine, Morpholine, and Diethylaminoethanol in Water and Condensed Steam by Direct Aqueous Injection Gas Chromatography
D5175 Test Method for Organohalide Pesticides and Polychlorinated Biphenyls in Water by Microextraction and Gas Chromatography
D5176 Test Method for Total Chemically Bound Nitrogen in Water by Pyrolysis and Chemiluminescence Detection
D5315 Test Method for Determination of N-Methyl-Carbamoyloximes and N-Methylcarbamates in Water by Direct Aqueous Injection HPLC with Post-Column Derivatization
D5316 Test Method for 1,2-Dibromoethane and 1,2-Dibromo-3-Chloropropane in Water by Microextraction and Gas Chromatography
D5317 Test Method for Determination of Chlorinated Organic Acid Compounds in Water by Gas Chromatography with an Electron Capture Detector
D5412 Test Method for Quantification of Complex Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Mixtures or Petroleum Oils in Water
D5475 Test Method for Nitrogen- and Phosphorus-Containing Pesticides in Water by Gas Chromatography with a Nitrogen-Phosphorus Detector
D5790 Test Method for Measurement of Purgeable Organic Compounds in Water by Capillary Column Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry
D5812 Test Method for Determination of Organochlorine Pesticides in Water by Capillary Column Gas Chromatography
ICS Code
ICS Number Code 71.040.20 (Laboratory ware and related apparatus)
UNSPSC Code
UNSPSC Code 41104000(Sampling equipment)
Referencing This Standard
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DOI: 10.1520/D3694-96R17
Citation Format
ASTM D3694-96(2017), Standard Practices for Preparation of Sample Containers and for Preservation of Organic Constituents, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2017, www.astm.org
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