ASTM D116 - 86(2016)
Standard Test Methods for Vitrified Ceramic Materials for Electrical Applications
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Significance and Use
3.1 For any given ceramic composition, one or more of the properties covered herein may be of more importance for a given insulating application than the other properties. Thus, it may be appropriate that selected properties be specified for testing these ceramic materials.
3.2 Pertinent statements of the significance of individual properties may be found in the sections pertaining to such properties.
1. Scope
1.1 These test methods outline procedures for testing samples of vitrified ceramic materials that are to be used as electrical insulation. Where specified limits are mentioned herein, they shall not be interpreted as specification limits for completed insulators.
1.2 These test methods are intended to apply to unglazed specimens, but they may be equally suited for testing glazed specimens. The report section shall indicate whether glazed or unglazed specimens were tested.
1.3 The test methods appear as follows:
| Procedure | Section |
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| Compressive strength | 6 | C773 |
| Dielectric strength | 13 | D618, D149 |
| Elastic properties | 8 | C623 |
| Electrical resistivity | 15 | D618, D257, D1829 |
| Flexural strength | 7 | C674, F417 |
| Hardness | 9 | C730, E18 |
| Porosity | 5 | C373 |
| Relative permittivity and dissipation factor | 14 | D150, D2149, D2520 |
| Specific gravity | 4 | C20, C329, F77 |
| Thermal conductivity | 10 | C177, C408 |
| Thermal expansion | 12 | C539, E288 |
| Thermal shock resistance | 11 |
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1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Specific precaution statements are given in 11.3, 13.5, and 15.3.
2. Referenced Documents (purchase separately) The documents listed below are referenced within the subject standard but are not provided as part of the standard.
ASTM Standards
C20 Test Methods for Apparent Porosity, Water Absorption, Apparent Specific Gravity, and Bulk Density of Burned Refractory Brick and Shapes by Boiling Water
C177 Test Method for Steady-State Heat Flux Measurements and Thermal Transmission Properties by Means of the Guarded-Hot-Plate Apparatus
C329 Test Method for Specific Gravity of Fired Ceramic Whiteware Materials
C373 Test Method for Water Absorption, Bulk Density, Apparent Porosity, and Apparent Specific Gravity of Fired Whiteware Products, Ceramic Tiles, and Glass Tiles
C408 Test Method for Thermal Conductivity of Whiteware Ceramics
C539 Test Method for Linear Thermal Expansion of Porcelain Enamel and Glaze Frits and Ceramic Whiteware Materials by Interferometric Method
C623 Test Method for Youngs Modulus, Shear Modulus, and Poissons Ratio for Glass and Glass-Ceramics by Resonance
C674 Test Methods for Flexural Properties of Ceramic Whiteware Materials
C730 Test Method for Knoop Indentation Hardness of Glass
C773 Test Method for Compressive (Crushing) Strength of Fired Whiteware Materials
D149 Test Method for Dielectric Breakdown Voltage and Dielectric Strength of Solid Electrical Insulating Materials at Commercial Power Frequencies
D150 Test Methods for AC Loss Characteristics and Permittivity (Dielectric Constant) of Solid Electrical Insulation
D257 Test Methods for DC Resistance or Conductance of Insulating Materials
D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing
D638 Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics
D1829 Test Method for Electrical Resistance of Ceramic Materials at Elevated Temperatures
D2149 Test Method for Permittivity (Dielectric Constant) And Dissipation Factor Of Solid Dielectrics At Frequencies To 10 MHz And Temperatures To 500C
D2520 Test Methods for Complex Permittivity (Dielectric Constant) of Solid Electrical Insulating Materials at Microwave Frequencies and Temperatures to 1650C
E18 Test Methods for Rockwell Hardness of Metallic Materials
E288 Specification for Laboratory Glass Volumetric Flasks
F77 Test Method for Apparent Density of Ceramics for Electron Device and Semiconductor Application
F417 Test Method for Flexural Strength (Modulus of Rupture) of Electronic-Grade Ceramics
ICS Code
ICS Number Code 81.040.30 (Glass products); 81.060.01 (Ceramics in general)
UNSPSC Code
UNSPSC Code 39121721(Electrical insulators)
Referencing This Standard
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DOI: 10.1520/D0116-86R16
Citation Format
ASTM D116-86(2016), Standard Test Methods for Vitrified Ceramic Materials for Electrical Applications, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA, 2016, www.astm.org
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