Filtration, or removal control, is one of three methods currently available to provide acceptable indoor air quality in occupied spaces. While the other two methods, source and dilution control, are primarily employed for occupant needs, filtration has conventionally been used for protection of components within the heating, ventilating, and air conditioning systems. In this paper, filtration technology is reviewed with respect to current ventilation standards for occupants. The difference between ventilation and air quality control is discussed in terms of acceptability criteria and control methods. Parameters that relate these terms are identified and control strategies are proposed that can be used to optimize removal and dilution methods for occupant acceptability and cost-effectiveness.