SYMPOSIA PAPER Published: 01 January 1990
STP20113S

Toxicity and Toxicokinetics of Pentachlorophenol and Carbaryl to and

Source

Two Great Lakes invertebrates, the amphipod Pontoporeia hoyi and the mysid shrimp Mysis relicta, were exposed to pentachlorophenol (PCP) and carbaryl to determine actue mortality. At pH 8, the LC50 for P. hoyi after 96 h was 0.6 ± 0.3 μg mL-1 for PCP, while that for carbaryl was 0.23 ± 0.04 μg mL-1. The LC50 for M. relicta at pH 8 and 96 h was 54.1 ± 10.3 μg mL-1 for PCP and for carbaryl 0.23 μg mL-1 (0.103–0.356, n = 2). The differences in the LC50 values between P. hoyi and M. relicta for PCP result in part from differences in the uptake clearances of the two animals, 3.1 ± 0.9 mL g-1 for P. hoyi compared to 0.4 ± 0.1 mL g-1 h-1 for M. relicta. A similar difference occurred in the respective carbaryl uptake clearances for the two organisms, 3.74 ± 0.63 mL g-1 h-1 for P. hoyi and 0.134 mL g-1 h-1 (0.135 to 0.133, n = 2) for M. relicta. The cumulative toxicant concentrations in the organisms that result in 50% mortality, LD50, were estimated from a toxicokinetics model that was parameterized with the measured uptake and elimination constants and the LC50 values. The M.relicta LD50 for PCP was approximately ten times larger than that for P. hoyi and confirmed the relative sensitivities of the organisms as described by their respective LC50 values. For carbaryl, the LD50 for P. hoyi was greater than that for M. relicta. Thus M. relicta is apparently more sensitive to accumulated carbaryl than P. hoyi despite the similar LC50 values for the two organisms.

Author Information

Landrum, PF
Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory, NOAA, Ann Arbor, MI
Dupuis, WS
Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory, NOAA, Ann Arbor, MI
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Developed by Committee: E47
Pages: 278–289
DOI: 10.1520/STP20113S
ISBN-EB: 978-0-8031-5151-2
ISBN-13: 978-0-8031-1460-9