SYMPOSIA PAPER Published: 01 January 1990
STP20099S

Biodegradation and Reduction in Aquatic Toxicity of the Persistent Riot Control Material 1,4-Dibenz-Oxazepine

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1,4-Dibenz oxazepine (CR), a strong sensory irritant, has previously been reported as recalcitrant to degradation. Alcaligenes denitrificans denitrificans, CR-1, ATCC #53957, isolated from microcosms spiked with CR, shows potential as a tool for the degradation of CR waste. A. denitrificans were found to have an extremely high tolerance to CR (200 mg/L). The isolates grew well on the synthetic media spiked with 200 mg/L CR, but showed minimal growth on the microcosm media without CR. No detrimental effects of CR-1 on Daphnia magna were observed. After ten days, the organisms were able to reduce the CR concentration from 200 to 25 mg/L. After 22 days, the concentration of CR was below detectable limits. Ten days after A. denitrificans was inoculated into a stock solution of CR, the toxicity to D. magna was reduced more than 50% but not eliminated. Treatment of the CR solution with A. denitrificans resulted in the elimination of toxicity to Selenastrum capricornutum. In trying to elucidate the degradation pathway, it was discovered that CR-1 also degrades o-nitrophenol, 3-methylcatechol, and catechol.

Author Information

Haley, MV
Environmental Toxicology Branch, Aberdeen Proving Grounds, MD
Vickers, EL
Environmental Toxicology Branch, Aberdeen Proving Grounds, MD
Cheng, T-C
Environmental Toxicology Branch, Aberdeen Proving Grounds, MD
DeFrank, J
Chemical Research Development and Engineering Center, Aberdeen Proving Grounds, MD
Justus, TA
U.S. Army Medical Research Institute for Chemical Defense, Aberdeen Proving Grounds, MD
Landis, WG
Environmental Toxicology Branch, Aberdeen Proving Grounds, MD Institute of Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, Huxley College of Environmental Studies, Western Washington University, Bellingham, WA
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Details
Developed by Committee: E47
Pages: 60–76
DOI: 10.1520/STP20099S
ISBN-EB: 978-0-8031-5151-2
ISBN-13: 978-0-8031-1460-9