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This study adds an additional question to the existing Chinese version of the safety attitudes questionnaire (SAQ) to discuss the relationships between the dimensions of the Chinese version of SAQ and the overall perception of the patient safety culture in a regional teaching hospital in Taiwan from the viewpoint of the medical staff. This study uses linear regression with forward selection to assess the perceptions from all of the medical staff by using the data sets in 2015 and 2016. The input variables are eight dimensions, whereas the dependent variable is the overall satisfaction of the patient safety culture in this hospital. The results show that four dimensions are found to significantly affect the overall satisfaction of the patient safety culture. Moreover, it is found that working conditions is the most important dimension in these two years and has the most positive impact on the overall satisfaction. Hospital management needs to pay more attention to working conditions first. In addition to working conditions, safety climate is the other essential dimension identified in both 2015 and 2016; that is, hospital management needs to have a strong and proactive organizational commitment to safety for all of the medical staff to improve the overall satisfaction of the patient safety culture.