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The estimation of thermal boundary conditions occurring during heat treatment processes is an essential requirement for characterization of heat transfer phenomena. In this work, the performance of four optimization techniques is studied. These models are the conjugate gradient method, the Levenberg-Marquardt method, the simplex method, and the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA II) algorithm. The models are used to estimate the heat transfer coefficient in 1D and 2D axis symmetrical cases during transient heat transfer. The performance of the optimization methods is demonstrated using numerical experiments.