Journal Published Online: 02 December 2010
Volume 8, Issue 1

Hydride Platelet Reorientation in Zircaloy Studied with Synchrotron Radiation Diffraction

CODEN: JAIOAD

Abstract

Hydrogen ingress into zirconium alloy fuel cladding in light water reactors can degrade cladding performance as a result of the formation of brittle hydrides. In service, hydrides normally precipitate in the circumferential direction and are homogeneously distributed through the cladding thickness in ideal cases. However, temperature and stress gradients in the cladding can promote hydrogen redistribution. This hydrogen redistribution is responsible for the formation of hydride rims, dissolution, and reorientation of hydride precipitates and for the formation of brittle hydrides at stress concentration locations, all of which can reduce cladding resistance to failure. Thus, it is crucial to understand the kinetics of hydride dissolution and precipitation under load and at temperature. Studies of hydrogen behavior in zirconium alloys are normally performed post facto, which causes them to suffer both from a scarcity of data points and from the confounding effects of studying hydrides at room temperature that might be dissolved at higher temperature. In the current study, we have used synchrotron radiation diffraction to study the kinetics of hydride precipitation and dissolution in situ (under load and at temperature). Samples of hydrided Zircaloy-4 were examined in transmission by using 80 keV synchrotron radiation while undergoing heating and cooling in a furnace. Temperatures ranged from 20 to 550°C, and loads from 75 to 100 MPa were applied. The hydrides dissolved and reprecipitated in a different orientation when sufficiently high loads were applied. Through careful study of the intensities and full-width half maxima of the diffraction peaks as a function of time, load, and temperature, it was possible to identify the characteristic diffraction patterns for the reoriented hydrides so that the kinetics of dissolution, reprecipitation, and orientation of the hydrides could be followed. The analysis of the diffraction patterns allowed a detailed understanding of the kinetics of hydride evolution under temperature and stress, as presented in this work.

Author Information

Colas, Kimberly
Dept. of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, Penn State Univ., University Park, PA
Motta, Arthur
Dept. of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering, Penn State Univ., University Park, PA
Daymond, Mark
Dept. of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Queen’s Univ., Kingston, ON, Canada
Kerr, Matthew
Dept. of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Queen’s Univ., Kingston, ON, Canada
Almer, Jonathan
Advanced Photon Source, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, IL
Pages: 17
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Stock #: JAI103033
ISSN: 1546-962X
DOI: 10.1520/JAI103033