Journal Published Online: 01 January 1993
Volume 38, Issue 1

Experimental Observations on Adipocere Formation

CODEN: JFSCAS

Abstract

Adipocere, “grave wax,” is a waxy or greasy decomposition product formed by hydrolysis and hydrogenation of tissue fats. Once formed, it appears stable for extended periods. Adipocere has generally been considered to result from bacterial action, commonly in warm, damp, anaerobic environments. However, its frequency, rate of formation, factors affecting its formation and physical characteristics are not well defined. To study the frequency, time course, and effects of temperature and clothing on adipocere formation, we submerged human adipose tissue samples in aquaria under controlled conditions and conducted serial observations.

Adipocere formed with high frequency, within a few months, in tissues submerged in warm tap water; similar changes took longer, 12 to 18 months in cold water submersion. Presence of clothing over the tissue appeared to accelerate adipocere formation.

Author Information

Mellen, PFM
National Museum of Health and Medicine, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, DC Currently Office of the Armed Forces Medical Examiner, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, DC
Lowry, MA
National Museum of Health and Medicine, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, DC
Micozzi, MS
National Museum of Health and Medicine, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, DC
Pages: 3
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Stock #: JFS13379J
ISSN: 0022-1198
DOI: 10.1520/JFS13379J