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Temperature Measurement Standards


ASTM's temperature measurement standards provide the material and property specifications, as well as guides for the testing, calibration, and use of laboratory, industrial, and clinical instruments used in the determination of thermal variables, particularly temperature. These include thermoelement materials, hydrometers, liquid-in-glass thermometers, thermocouples, resistance thermometers, and thermistor sensors. These instruments quantify thermal parameters by measuring some physical property of a working material that varies with temperature. They are then calibrated either by comparing their results with that of certified thermometers, or by checking them against known fixed points on the temperature scale. These temperature measurement standards are useful to medical and industrial supplies manufacturers, laboratories, and other producers and users of such thermal instruments in helping them fabricate quality equipments towards their safe and accurate utilisation.


List of temperature measurement standards developed by ASTM:

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Editorial and Terminology
DesignationTitle
E344 - 12 Terminology Relating to Thermometry and Hydrometry
E1594 - 11 Standard Guide for Expression of Temperature
Fundamentals in Thermometry
DesignationTitle
E563 - 11 Standard Practice for Preparation and Use of an Ice-Point Bath as a Reference Temperature
E1502 - 10 Standard Guide for Use of Fixed-Point Cells for Reference Temperatures
E1750 - 10 Standard Guide for Use of Water Triple Point Cells
E2488 - 09 Standard Guide for the Preparation and Evaluation of Liquid Baths Used for Temperature Calibration by Comparison
E2623 - 08e1 Standard Practice for Reporting Thermometer Calibrations
Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers and Hydrometers
DesignationTitle
E1 - 07 Standard Specification for ASTM Liquid-in-Glass Thermometers
E77 - 07 Standard Test Method for Inspection and Verification of Thermometers
E100 - 10 Standard Specification for ASTM Hydrometers
E126 - 05a Standard Test Method for Inspection, Calibration, and Verification of ASTM Hydrometers
E2251 - 11 Standard Specification for Liquid-in-Glass ASTM Thermometers with Low-Hazard Precision Liquids
Radiation Thermometry
DesignationTitle
E1256 - 11a Standard Test Methods for Radiation Thermometers (Single Waveband Type)
E2758 - 10 Standard Guide for Selection and Use of Wideband, Low Temperature Infrared Thermometers
E2847 - 11 Standard Practice for  Calibration and Accuracy Verification of Wideband Infrared Thermometers
Resistance Thermometers
DesignationTitle
E644 - 11 Standard Test Methods for Testing Industrial Resistance Thermometers
E879 - 12 Standard Specification for Thermistor Sensors for General Purpose and Laboratory Temperature Measurements
E1137 / E1137M - 08 Standard Specification for Industrial Platinum Resistance Thermometers
E2593 - 11e1 Standard Guide for Accuracy Verification of Industrial Platinum Resistance Thermometers
Thermocouples
DesignationTitle
E207 - 08 Standard Test Method for Thermal EMF Test of Single Thermoelement Materials by Comparison with a Reference Thermoelement of Similar EMF-Temperature Properties
E220 - 07a Standard Test Method for Calibration of Thermocouples By Comparison Techniques
E230 / E230M - 11e1 Standard Specification and Temperature-Electromotive Force (emf) Tables for Standardized Thermocouples
E235 / E235M - 12 Standard Specification for Type K and Type N Mineral-Insulated, Metal-Sheathed Thermocouples for Nuclear or for Other High-Reliability Applications
E452 - 02(2007) Standard Test Method for Calibration of Refractory Metal Thermocouples Using a Radiation Thermometer
E574 - 06 Standard Specification for Duplex, Base Metal Thermocouple Wire With Glass Fiber or Silica Fiber Insulation
E585 / E585M - 12 Standard Specification for Compacted Mineral-Insulated, Metal-Sheathed, Base Metal Thermocouple Cable
E601 - 07a Standard Test Method for Measuring Electromotive Force (emf) Stability of Base-Metal Thermoelement Materials with Time in Air
E608 / E608M - 06 Standard Specification for Mineral-Insulated, Metal-Sheathed Base Metal Thermocouples
E633 - 00(2005) Standard Guide for Use of Thermocouples in Creep and Stress-Rupture Testing to 1800°F (1000°C) in Air
E696 - 07 Standard Specification for Tungsten-Rhenium Alloy Thermocouple Wire
E780 - 06(2011) Standard Test Method for Measuring the Insulation Resistance of Mineral-Insulated, Metal-Sheathed Thermocouples and Thermocouple Cable at Room Temperature
E839 - 11 Standard Test Methods for Sheathed Thermocouples and Sheathed Thermocouple Cable
E1129 / E1129M - 08e1 Standard Specification for Thermocouple Connectors
E1159 - 98(2009) Standard Specification for Thermocouple Materials, Platinum-Rhodium Alloys, and Platinum
E1350 - 07 Standard Guide for Testing Sheathed Thermocouples, Thermocouples Assemblies, and Connecting Wires Prior to, and After Installation or Service
E1652 - 10 Standard Specification for Magnesium Oxide and Aluminum Oxide Powder and Crushable Insulators Used in the Manufacture of Metal-Sheathed Platinum Resistance Thermometers, Base Metal Thermocouples, and Noble Metal Thermocouples
E1684 - 10 Standard Specification for Miniature Thermocouple Connectors
E1751 / E1751M - 09e1 Standard Guide for Temperature Electromotive Force (emf) Tables for Non-Letter Designated Thermocouple Combinations
E2181 / E2181M - 11 Standard Specification for Compacted Mineral-Insulated, Metal-Sheathed, Noble Metal Thermocouples and Thermocouple Cable
E2730 - 10 Standard Practice for Calibration and Use of Thermocouple Reference Junction Probes in Evaluation of Electronic Reference Junction Compensation Circuits
E2820 - 11 Standard Test Method for Evaluating Thermal EMF Properties of Base-Metal Thermocouple Connectors
E2846 - 11 Standard Guide for Thermocouple Verification


Other standards developed by ASTM committees:

3D Imaging Standards

Additive Manufacturing Standards

Adhesive Standards

Aerospace Material Standards

Analytical Chemistry Standards

Asset Management Standards

Atmospheric Analysis Standards

Biotechnology Standards

Construction Standards

Adhesive Standards

Building Standards

Cement Standards and Concrete Standards

Fire Standards and Flammability Standards

Geotechnical Engineering Standards

Masonry Standards

Road Standards and Paving Standards

Roofing Standards

Thermal Insulation Standards

Wood Standards

Business Copy Product Standards

Carbon Standards

Catalyst Standards

Cement Standards and Concrete Standards

Coal Standards and Gas Standards

Composite Standards

Computerized System Standards

Consumer Product Evaluation Standards

Copper Standards

Corrosion Standards and Wear Standards

Durability of Nonmetallic Material Standards

Electrical Insulating Material Standards

Electrical Standards and Magnetic Conductor Standards

Electronics Standards

Environmental Standards

Atmospheric Analysis Standards

Environmental Assessment Standards and Risk Management Standards

Environmental Toxicology Standards

Waste Management Standards

Water Testing Standards

Fastener Standards

Fatigue Standards and Fracture Standards

Fire Standards and Flammability Standards

Forensic Science Standards

Geotechnical Engineering Standards

Glass Standards and Ceramic Standards

Industrial Chemical Standards

Industrial Hygiene Standards and Safety Standards

Laboratory Testing Standards

Leather Standards

Masonry Standards

Medical Device Standards and Implant Standards

Medical Service Standards and Medical Equipment Standards

Metals Standards

Analytical Chemistry Standards

Cast Iron Standards

Copper Standards

Corrosion Standards and Wear Standards

Fastener Standards

Fatigue Standards and Fracture Standards

Metallic Coating Standards

Nonferrous Metal Standards and Nonferrous Alloy Standards

Steel Standards

Molecular Spectroscopy Standards and Separation Science Standards

Nanotechnology Standards

Nondestructive Testing Standards

Nuclear Technology Standards

Oxygen Enriched Atmospheres Standards

Paint Standards and Related Coating Standards

Paper Standards and Packaging Standards

Petroleum Standards

Pharmaceutical Application Standards

Physical Measurement Standards

Physical Testing Standards and Mechanical Testing Standards

Plastic Pipe Standards

Plastics Standards

Quality Control Standards

Refractory Standards

Resilient Floor Covering Standards

Road Standards and Paving Standards

Rolling Element Bearing Standards

Roofing Standards

Rubber Standards

Search and Rescue Operations Standards

Security System Standards and Pedestrian / Walkway Safety Standards

Sensory Evaluation Standards

Soap Standards and Polish Standards

Sports Standards and Recreation Standards

Steel Standards

Sustainability Standards

Temperature Measurement Standards

Textile Standards

Thermal Analysis Standards

Thermal Insulation Standards

Underground Utility Standards

Unmanned Maritime Vehicle Standards

Waste Management Standards

Water Testing Standards

Wood Standards