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Coal Standards and Gas Standards


ASTM's coal and gas standards are instrumental in the testing and chemical analysis of coal, coke, natural gas and other gaseous fuels, as well as the combustion residues of coal and coke. The materials specifically covered by these standards can be in the form of lump coke, pulverized coal, bituminous coal, coke and coal ash, reformed gas, and polishing and etching coal. These standards also include the thermophysical property tables for methane, ethane, propane, normal butane, and isobutane. These standards allow laboratories and other chemical facilities to examine and assess these fuels to ensure safe handling and use.


List of coal standards and gas standards developed by ASTM:


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Analysis of Chemical Composition of Gaseous Fuels
DesignationTitle
D1945 - 03(2010) Standard Test Method for Analysis of Natural Gas by Gas Chromatography
D1946 - 90(2011) Standard Practice for Analysis of Reformed Gas by Gas Chromatography
D1988 - 06(2011) Standard Test Method for Mercaptans in Natural Gas Using Length-of-Stain Detector Tubes
D4810 - 06(2011) Standard Test Method for Hydrogen Sulfide in Natural Gas Using Length-of-Stain Detector Tubes
D4888 - 06(2011) Standard Test Method for Water Vapor in Natural Gas Using Length-of-Stain Detector Tubes
D4984 - 06(2011) Standard Test Method for Carbon Dioxide in Natural Gas Using Length-of-Stain Detector Tubes
Classification of Coals
DesignationTitle
D388 - 12 Standard Classification of Coals by Rank
D4596 - 09 Standard Practice for Collection of Channel Samples of Coal in a Mine
D5192 - 09 Standard Practice for Collection of Coal Samples from Core
Collection and Measurement of Gaseous Samples
DesignationTitle
D1071 - 83(2008) Standard Test Methods for Volumetric Measurement of Gaseous Fuel Samples
D5287 - 08 Standard Practice for Automatic Sampling of Gaseous Fuels
D5503 - 94(2008) Standard Practice for Natural Gas Sample-Handling and Conditioning Systems for Pipeline Instrumentation
Determination of Heating Value and Relative Density of Gaseous Fuels
DesignationTitle
D1070 - 03(2010) Standard Test Methods for Relative Density of Gaseous Fuels
D1826 - 94(2010) Standard Test Method for Calorific (Heating) Value of Gases in Natural Gas Range by Continuous Recording Calorimeter
D3588 - 98(2011) Standard Practice for Calculating Heat Value, Compressibility Factor, and Relative Density of Gaseous Fuels
D4891 - 89(2006) Standard Test Method for Heating Value of Gases in Natural Gas Range by Stoichiometric Combustion
Determination of Special Constituents of Gaseous Fuels
DesignationTitle
D1072 - 06 Standard Test Method for Total Sulfur in Fuel Gases by Combustion and Barium Chloride Titration
D1142 - 95(2006) Standard Test Method for Water Vapor Content of Gaseous Fuels by Measurement of Dew-Point Temperature
D4084 - 07 Standard Test Method for Analysis of Hydrogen Sulfide in Gaseous Fuels (Lead Acetate Reaction Rate Method)
D4468 - 85(2011) Standard Test Method for Total Sulfur in Gaseous Fuels by Hydrogenolysis and Rateometric Colorimetry
D5454 - 11e1 Standard Test Method for Water Vapor Content of Gaseous Fuels Using Electronic Moisture Analyzers
D5504 - 08 Standard Test Method for Determination of Sulfur Compounds in Natural Gas and Gaseous Fuels by Gas Chromatography and Chemiluminescence
D5954 - 98(2006) Standard Test Method for Mercury Sampling and Measurement in Natural Gas by Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy
D6228 - 10 Standard Test Method for Determination of Sulfur Compounds in Natural Gas and Gaseous Fuels by Gas Chromatography and Flame Photometric Detection
D6273 - 08 Standard Test Methods for Natural Gas Odor Intensity
D6968 - 03(2009) Standard Test Method for Simultaneous Measurement of Sulfur Compounds and Minor Hydrocarbons in Natural Gas and Gaseous Fuels by Gas Chromatography and Atomic Emission Detection
D7551 - 10 Standard Test Method for Determination of Total Volatile Sulfur in Gaseous Hydrocarbons and Liquefied Petroleum Gases and Natural Gas by Ultraviolet Fluorescence
Hydrogen and Fuel Cells
DesignationTitle
D7550 - 09 Standard Test Method for Determination of Ammonium, Alkali and Alkaline Earth Metals in Hydrogen and Other Cell Feed Gases by Ion Chromatography
D7606 - 11 Standard Practice for Sampling of High Pressure Hydrogen and Related Fuel Cell Feed Gases
D7634 - 10 Standard Test Method for Visualizing Particulate Sizes and Morphology of Particles Contained in Hydrogen Fuel by Microscopy
D7649 - 10 Standard Test Method for Determination of Trace Carbon Dioxide, Argon, Nitrogen, Oxygen and Water in Hydrogen Fuel by Jet Pulse Injection and Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometer Analysis
D7650 - 10 Standard Test Method for Test Method for Sampling of Particulate Matter in High Pressure Hydrogen used as a Gaseous Fuel with an In-Stream Filter
D7651 - 10 Standard Test Method for Gravimetric Measurement of Particulate Concentration of Hydrogen Fuel
D7652 - 11 Standard Test Method for Determination of Trace Hydrogen Sulfide, Carbonyl Sulfide, Methyl Mercaptan, Carbon Disulfide and Total Sulfur in Hydrogen Fuel by Gas Chromatography and Sulfur Chemiluminescence Detection
D7653 - 10 Standard Test Method for Determination of Trace Gaseous Contaminants in Hydrogen Fuel by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy
D7675 - 11 Standard Test Method for Test Method for the Determination of Total Hydrocarbons in Hydrogen by FID Based Total Hydrocarbon (THC) Analyzer
Major Elements in Ash and Trace Elements of Coal
DesignationTitle
D3682 - 01(2006) Standard Test Method for Major and Minor Elements in Combustion Residues from Coal Utilization Processes
D3683 - 11 Standard Test Method for Trace Elements in Coal and Coke Ash by Atomic Absorption
D3684 - 01(2006) Standard Test Method for Total Mercury in Coal by the Oxygen Bomb Combustion/Atomic Absorption Method
D3761 - 10 Standard Test Method for Total Fluorine in Coal by the Oxygen Bomb Combustion/Ion Selective Electrode Method
D4326 - 11 Standard Test Method for Major and Minor Elements in Coal and Coke Ash By X-Ray Fluorescence
D4606 - 03(2007) Standard Test Method for Determination of Arsenic and Selenium in Coal by the Hydride Generation/Atomic Absorption Method
D5016 - 08e1 Standard Test Method for Total Sulfur in Coal and Coke Combustion Residues Using a High-Temperature Tube Furnace Combustion Method with Infrared Absorption
D5987 - 96(2007) Standard Test Method for Total Fluorine in Coal and Coke by Pyrohydrolytic Extraction and Ion Selective Electrode or Ion Chromatograph Methods
D6316 - 09b Standard Test Method for Determination of Total, Combustible and Carbonate Carbon in Solid Residues from Coal and Coke
D6349 - 09 Standard Test Method for Determination of Major and Minor Elements in Coal, Coke, and Solid Residues from Combustion of Coal and Coke by Inductively Coupled Plasma—Atomic Emission Spectrometry
D6357 - 11 Test Methods for Determination of Trace Elements in Coal, Coke, & Combustion Residues from Coal Utilization Processes by Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission, Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass, & Graphite Furnace Atomic Absorption Spectrometry
D6414 - 01(2006) Standard Test Methods for Total Mercury in Coal and Coal Combustion Residues by Acid Extraction or Wet Oxidation/Cold Vapor Atomic Absorption
D6721 - 01(2006) Standard Test Method for Determination of Chlorine in Coal by Oxidative Hydrolysis Microcoulometry
D6722 - 11 Standard Test Method for Total Mercury in Coal and Coal Combustion Residues by Direct Combustion Analysis
D7348 - 08e1 Standard Test Methods for Loss on Ignition (LOI) of Solid Combustion Residues
Metallurgical Properties of Coal and Coke
DesignationTitle
D167 - 12a Standard Test Method for Apparent and True Specific Gravity and Porosity of Lump Coke
D293 - 93(2010) Standard Test Method for the Sieve Analysis of Coke
D720 - 91(2010) Standard Test Method for Free-Swelling Index of Coal
D2014 - 97(2010) Standard Test Method for Expansion or Contraction of Coal by the Sole-Heated Oven
D2639 - 08 Standard Test Method for Plastic Properties of Coal by the Constant-Torque Gieseler Plastometer
D3038 - 93(2010) Standard Test Method for Drop Shatter Test for Coke
D3402 / D3402M - 93(2008) Standard Test Method for Tumbler Test for Coke
D5263 - 93(2008)e1 Standard Test Method for Determining the Relative Degree of Oxidation in Bituminous Coal by Alkali Extraction
D5341 - 99(2010)e1 Standard Test Method for Measuring Coke Reactivity Index (CRI) and Coke Strength After Reaction (CSR)
D5515 - 97(2010)e1 Standard Test Method for Determination of the Swelling Properties of Bituminous Coal Using a Dilatometer
Methods of Analysis
DesignationTitle
D1412 - 07 Standard Test Method for Equilibrium Moisture of Coal at 96 to 97 Percent Relative Humidity and 30°C
D1756 - 02(2007) Standard Test Method for Determination as Carbon Dioxide of Carbonate Carbon in Coal
D1857 / D1857M - 04(2010) Standard Test Method for Fusibility of Coal and Coke Ash
D2492 - 02(2012) Standard Test Method for Forms of Sulfur in Coal
D2961 - 11 Standard Test Method for Single-Stage Total Moisture Less than 15% in Coal Reduced to 2.36-mm (No. 8 Sieve) Topsize
D3172 - 07a Standard Practice for Proximate Analysis of Coal and Coke
D3173 - 11 Standard Test Method for Moisture in the Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke
D3174 - 11 Standard Test Method for Ash in the Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke from Coal
D3175 - 11 Standard Test Method for Volatile Matter in the Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke
D3176 - 09 Standard Practice for Ultimate Analysis of Coal and Coke
D3177 - 02(2007) Standard Test Methods for Total Sulfur in the Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke
D3180 - 12 Standard Practice for Calculating Coal and Coke Analyses from As-Determined to Different Bases
D3302 / D3302M - 12 Standard Test Method for Total Moisture in Coal
D4208 - 02(2007) Standard Test Method for Total Chlorine in Coal by the Oxygen Bomb Combustion/Ion Selective Electrode Method
D4239 - 12 Standard Test Method for Sulfur in the Analysis Sample of Coal and Coke Using High-Temperature Tube Furnace Combustion
D5373 - 08 Standard Test Methods for Instrumental Determination of Carbon, Hydrogen, and Nitrogen in Laboratory Samples of Coal
D5865 - 12 Standard Test Method for Gross Calorific Value of Coal and Coke
D7569 - 10 Standard Practice for Determination of Gas Content of Coal-Direct Desorption Method
D7582 - 10e1 Standard Test Methods for Proximate Analysis of Coal and Coke by Macro Thermogravimetric Analysis
On-Line/At-Line Analysis of Gaseous Fuels
DesignationTitle
D7164 - 10 Standard Practice for On-line/At-line Heating Value Determination of Gaseous Fuels by Gas Chromatography
D7165 - 10 Standard Practice for Gas Chromatograph Based On-line/At-line Analysis for Sulfur Content of Gaseous Fuels
D7166 - 10 Standard Practice for Total Sulfur Analyzer Based On-line/At-line for Sulfur Content of Gaseous Fuels
D7314 - 10 Standard Practice for Determination of the Heating Value of Gaseous Fuels using Calorimetry and On-line/At-line Sampling
D7493 - 08 Standard Test Method for Online Measurement of Sulfur Compounds in Natural Gas and Gaseous Fuels by Gas Chromatograph and Electrochemical Detection
D7607 - 11 Standard Test Method for Analysis of Oxygen in Gaseous Fuels (Electrochemical Sensor Method)
Petrographic Analysis of Coal and Coke
DesignationTitle
D2797 / D2797M - 11a Standard Practice for Preparing Coal Samples for Microscopical Analysis by Reflected Light
D2798 - 11a Standard Test Method for Microscopical Determination of the Vitrinite Reflectance of Coal
D2799 - 11 Standard Test Method for Microscopical Determination of the Maceral Composition of Coal
D3997 / D3997M - 97(2009) Standard Practice for Preparing Coke Samples for Microscopical Analysis by Reflected Light
D5061 - 07 Standard Test Method for Microscopical Determination of the Textural Components of Metallurgical Coke
D5671 - 95(2011) Standard Practice for Polishing and Etching Coal Samples for Microscopical Analysis by Reflected Light
D7708 - 11 Standard Test Method for Microscopical Determination of the Reflectance of Vitrinite Dispersed in Sedimentary Rocks
Physical Characteristics of Coal
DesignationTitle
D197 - 87(2012) Standard Test Method for Sampling and Fineness Test of Pulverized Coal
D291 - 07(2012) Standard Test Method for Cubic Foot Weight of Crushed Bituminous Coal
D409 / D409M - 11ae1 Standard Test Method for Grindability of Coal by the Hardgrove-Machine Method
D440 - 07(2012) Standard Test Method of Drop Shatter Test for Coal
D441 - 07(2012) Standard Test Method of Tumbler Test for Coal
D4371 - 06(2012) Standard Test Method for Determining the Washability Characteristics of Coal
D4749 - 87(2012) Standard Test Method for Performing the Sieve Analysis of Coal and Designating Coal Size
D5114 - 90(2010) Standard Test Method for Laboratory Froth Flotation of Coal in a Mechanical Cell
D6172 - 98(2010) Standard Test Method for Determining the Volume of Bulk Materials Using Contours or Cross Sections Created by Direct Operator Compilation Using Photogrammetric Procedures
D6347 / D6347M - 05(2010) Standard Test Method for Determination of Bulk Density of Coal Using Nuclear Backscatter Depth Density Methods
D6542 - 05(2010) Standard Practice for Tonnage Calculation of Coal in a Stockpile
Sampling
DesignationTitle
D346 / D346M - 11 Standard Practice for Collection and Preparation of Coke Samples for Laboratory Analysis
D2013 / D2013M - 12 Standard Practice for Preparing Coal Samples for Analysis
D2234 / D2234M - 10 Standard Practice for Collection of a Gross Sample of Coal
D6543 - 00(2012) Standard Guide to the Evaluation of Measurements Made by On-Line Coal Analyzers
D6609 - 08 Standard Guide for Part-Stream Sampling of Coal
D6883 - 04 Standard Practice for Manual Sampling of Stationary Coal from Railroad Cars, Barges, Trucks, or Stockpiles
D7430 - 12 Standard Practice for Mechanical Sampling of Coal
Statistics
DesignationTitle
D121 - 09a Standard Terminology of Coal and Coke
D6796 - 02(2008) Standard Practice for Production of Coal, Coke and Coal Combustion Samples for Interlaboratory Studies
D7448 - 09 Standard Practice for Establishing the Competence of Laboratories Using ASTM Procedures in the Sampling and Analysis of Coal and Coke
Terminology Classification and Specifications
DesignationTitle
D4150 - 08 Standard Terminology Relating to Gaseous Fuels
Thermophysical Properties
DesignationTitle
D3956 - 07 Standard Specification for Methane Thermophysical Property Tables
D3984 - 08 Standard Specification for Ethane Thermophysical Property Tables
D4362 - 08 Standard Specification for Propane Thermophysical Property Tables
D4650 - 08 Standard Specification for Normal Butane Thermophysical Property Tables
D4651 - 08 Standard Specification for Isobutane Thermophysical Property Tables
D4784 - 93(2010) Standard for LNG Density Calculation Models
D7265 - 06 Standard Specification for Hydrogen Thermophysical Property Tables


Other standards developed by ASTM committees:


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