The glass transition is dependent on the thermal history, softening agents or additives of the material to be tested. For amorphous and semicrystalline materials the assignment of a glass transition temperature may lead to important information about thermal history, processing conditions, stability, progress of chemical reactions, and mechanical and electrical behavior.

Thermomechanical analysis provides a rapid means of detecting changes in hardness or linear dimensional change associated with the glass transition. Dimensional changes measured as a specimen is heated over the T_g region may include the interaction of several effects: an increase in the coefficient of expansion, a decrease in the modulus, which under a constant stress leads to increased extension, stress relief leading to irreversible dimensional change (shrinkage in one dimension, expansion in another dimension), and physical aging effects which change the kinetics of the dimensional change.

This test method is useful for research and development, quality control, and specification acceptance testing; particularly of films and fibers.

1. Scope

1.1 This test method covers a procedure for the assignment of a glass transition temperature of materials on heating using thermomechanical measurements.

1.2 This test method may be used as a complement to Test Method E1545 and is applicable to amorphous or to partially crystalline materials in the form of films, fibers, wires, etc. that are sufficiently rigid to inhibit extension during loading at ambient temperature.

1.3 The generally applicable temperature range for this test method is −100 to 600°C. This temperature range may be altered depending upon the instrumentation used.

1.4 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.

1.5 There is no ISO method equivalent to this method.

1.6 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

2. Referenced Documents (purchase separately) The documents listed below are referenced within the subject standard but are not provided as part of the standard.

ASTM Standards

E473 Terminology Relating to Thermal Analysis and Rheology

E1142 Terminology Relating to Thermophysical Properties

E1545 Test Method for Assignment of the Glass Transition Temperature by Thermomechanical Analysis

E1970 Practice for Statistical Treatment of Thermoanalytical Data

E2602 Test Method for the Assignment of the Glass Transition Temperature by Modulated Temperature Differential Scanning Calorimetry

Keywords

glass transition; glass transition temperature; T_g; tensile mode; thermomechanical analysis (TMA); thermodilatometry; Glass transition (Tg) temperature; Tensile mode; Thermodilatometry; Thermomechanical analysis (TMA);

ICS Code

ICS Number Code 81.040.01 (Glass in general)

Citing ASTM Standards

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