Significance and Use
This guide is intended as a reference for those concerned with the inspection of thin- or thick-film coating application to concrete and masonry substrates. It does not cover the application of cement-type coatings. A checklist is included as Appendix X1.1. Many of the details covered may be in a specification for a particular project. A specification for coating projects should include the coatings to be used.
1. Scope
1.1 This guide is intended as an information aid to painting inspectors in carrying out the task efficiently. It includes the key elements of surface preparation, coatings application, and final approval for both field and shop work. The items should be selected that are pertinent to a particular job.
Note 1—For additional helpful information, refer to the following documents:
Manual of Concrete Practice ACI 515R American Concrete Institute
Manual of Coating Work for Light Water Nuclear Power Plant Primary Containment and Other Safety Related Facilities
C 811 Practice for Surface Preparation of Concrete for Application of Chemical-Resistant Resin Monolithic Surfacings SSPC-PA Guide 3 - A Guide to Safety in Paint Application
Steel Structures Painting Manual Vol. 1- Good Painting Practices
Steel Structures Painting Manual Vol. 2 - Systems and Specifications
Manufacturers Specifications and Instructions (made available to the inspector for reference to special requirements for proper application)
Material Safety Data Sheets (needed to insure that personnel take necessary precautions in handling hazardous materials). Available from Materials manufacturer.
1.2 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. The values given in parentheses are for information only.
1.3 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of whomever uses this standard to consult and establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.
1.4 This guide is arranged in the following order:
| Section |
| Referenced Documents | 2 |
| ASTM Standards | 2.1 |
| | OSHA Standards | 2.2 |
| | ICRI Standards | 2.3 |
| | SSPC Standards | 2.4 |
| Significance and Use | 3 |
| Preparation for Inspection | 4 |
| Surface Preparation Methods and Requirements | 5 |
| Surface Preparation | 5.1 |
| Factors Affecting Coating Performance | 5.2 |
| Surface Condition | 5.2.1 |
| Cleanliness | 5.2.2 |
| Moisture | 5.2.3 |
| Surface Preparation Procedures | 5.3 |
| Dry Surface Cleaning | 5.3.1 |
| Water and Steam Cleaning | 5.3.2 |
| Mechanical Tool Cleaning | 5.3.3 |
| Hand Tool Cleaning | 5.3.3.1 |
| Power Tool Cleaning | 5.3.3.2 |
| Scarifying Machines | 5.3.3.3 |
| Pre- and Post-Surface Preparation | 5.3.3.4 |
| Finished Surface | 5.3.3.5 |
| Blast Cleaning | 5.3.4 |
| Water Blast Cleaning | 5.3.5 |
| Acid Etching | 5.3.6 |
| Precautions in Preparing Unpainted and | |
| Previously Painted Surfaces | 5.4 |
| Inspection of Surfaces Prior to Field Painting | 5.5 |
| New Construction | 5.5.1 |
| Maintenance Repainting | 5.5.2 |
| Cracks and Voids | 6 |
| Cracks | 6.1 |
| Cracks in Concrete | 6.1.1 |
| Joints in Concrete | 6.1.2 |
| Voids | 6.2 |
| Recoat Intervals | 6.3 |
| Coating Storage and Handling | 7 |
| Storage of Coating and Thinner | 7.1 |
| Mixing of Coatings | 7.2 |
| Thinning | 7.3 |
| Initial Samples | 7.3.1 |
| | Thinning of Coating | 7.3.2 |
| | Sampling of Thinned Coating | 7.3.3 |
| | Heating of Coating | 7.4 |
| Weather Considerations | 8 |
| | Drying | 8.1 |
| | Low Temperature | 8.2 |
| High Temperature | 8.3 |
| Moisture | 8.4 |
| Wind | 8.5 |
| Coating Application | 9 |
| Residual Contaminants | 9.1 |
| Quality Assurance | 9.2 |
| Film Defects | 9.2.1 |
| Brush Application | 9.3 |
| Spray Application | 9.4 |
| Roller Application | 9.5 |
| Miscellaneous Methods | 9.6 |
| Rate of Application | 9.7 |
| Additional Considerations | 10 |
| Ventilation | 10.1 |
| Painting Schedule | 10.2 |
| Film Integrity | 10.3 |
| Recoat Time | 10.4 |
| Coating System Failure | 10.5 |
| Inspection Equipment | 11 |
| General | 11.1 |
| Adhesion of Existing Coating | 11.1.1 |
| Portable Pull-Off Adhesion | 11.1.2 |
| Field Inspection Equipment | 11.2 |
| Drying and Curing Times | 11.2.1 |
| Thermometers | 11.2.1.1 |
| Relative Humidity and Dew Point | 11.2.1.2 |
| Viscosity Cups | 11.2.2 |
| Wet-Film Thickness Gages | 11.2.4 |
| Interchemical Gage | 11.2.4.1 |
| Notched Gage | 11.2.4.2 |
| Dry-Film Thickness Gages | 11.2.5 |
| Destructive Thickness Gage | 11.2.5.1 |
| Nondestructive Film Thickness Gages | 11.2.5.2 |
| Discontinuity (Holiday) Tester | 11.3 |
| Inspection Checklist | Appendix X1 |
2. Referenced Documents (purchase separately) 
The documents listed below are referenced within the subject standard but are not provided as part of the standard.
ASTM Standards
C811 Practice for Surface Preparation of Concrete for Application of Chemical-Resistant Resin Monolithic Surfacings
D1212 Test Methods for Measurement of Wet Film Thickness of Organic Coatings
D1475 Test Method For Density of Liquid Coatings, Inks, and Related Products
D3359 Test Methods for Measuring Adhesion by Tape Test
D4138 Practices for Measurement of Dry Film Thickness of Protective Coating Systems by Destructive, Cross-Sectioning Means
D4212 Test Method for Viscosity by Dip-Type Viscosity Cups
D4258 Practice for Surface Cleaning Concrete for Coating
D4259 Practice for Abrading Concrete
D4260 Practice for Liquid and Gelled Acid Etching of Concrete
D4262 Test Method for pH of Chemically Cleaned or Etched Concrete Surfaces
D4263 Test Method for Indicating Moisture in Concrete by the Plastic Sheet Method
D4285 Test Method for Indicating Oil or Water in Compressed Air
D4414 Practice for Measurement of Wet Film Thickness by Notch Gages
D4787 Practice for Continuity Verification of Liquid or Sheet Linings Applied to Concrete Substrates
D5064 Practice for Conducting a Patch Test to Assess Coating Compatibility
D6132 Test Method for Nondestructive Measurement of Dry Film Thickness of Applied Organic Coatings Using an Ultrasonic Gage
D6677 Test Method for Evaluating Adhesion by Knife
D7234 Test Method for Pull-Off Adhesion Strength of Coatings on Concrete Using Portable Pull-Off Adhesion Testers
E1907 Guide to Methods of Evaluating Moisture Conditions of Concrete Floors to Receive Resilient Floor Coverings
F1869 Test Method for Measuring Moisture Vapor Emission Rate of Concrete Subfloor Using Anhydrous Calcium Chloride
F2170 Test Method for Determining Relative Humidity in Concrete Floor Slabs Using in situ Probes
Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Standard
29CFR1910.1200 Hazard Communication
International Concrete Repair Institute
GuidelineNo.03732 Selecting and Specifying Concrete Surface Preparation for Sealers, Coatings, and Polymer Overlays
SSPC Standards
SSPC-SP13/NACENo.6 Surface Preparation of Concrete
Keywords
abrasive blasting; acid treatment (concrete); adhesion; chemical cleaning; coatings; concrete; detergents; inspection; laitance; masonry; moisture; Inspection--coating applications; Moisture analysis--paints/related coatings/materials; Substrates--coating applications; Acid treatment (concrete); Chemical cleaning; Concrete; Inspection personnel/inspectors; Laitance; Abrasive blasting; Masonry substrates; Paint inspectors;
ICS Code
ICS Number Code 87.020 (Paint coating processes); 91.060.10 (Walls. Partitions. Facades)
DOI: 10.1520/D6237-09
ASTM International is a member of CrossRef.
Citing ASTM Standards
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