Certain rubber articles, for example, seals, gaskets, hoses, diaphragms, and sleeves, may be exposed to oils, greases, fuels, and other fluids during service. The exposure may be continuous or intermittent and may occur over wide temperature ranges.

Properties of rubber articles deteriorate during exposure to these liquids, affecting the performance of the rubber part, which can result in partial failure.

This test method attempts to simulate service conditions through controlled accelerated testing, but may not give any direct correlation with actual part performance, since service conditions vary too widely. It yields comparative data on which to base judgment as to expected service quality.

This test method is suitable for specification compliance testing, quality control, referee purposes, and research and development work.

1. Scope

1.1 This test method covers the required procedures to evaluate the comparative ability of rubber and rubber-like compositions to withstand the effect of liquids. It is designed for testing: (1) specimens of vulcanized rubber cut from standard sheets (see Practice D3182), (2) specimens cut from fabric coated with vulcanized rubber (see Test Methods D751), or (3) finished articles of commerce (see Practice D3183). This test method is not applicable to the testing of cellular rubbers, porous compositions, and compressed sheet packing, except as described in 11.2.2.

1.2 ASTM Oils No. 2 and No. 3, formerly used in this test method as standard test liquids, are no longer commercially available and in 1993 were replaced with IRM 902 and IRM 903, respectively (see Appendix X1 for details).

1.3 ASTM No. 1 Oil, previously used in this test method as a standard test liquid, is no longer commercially available and in 2005 was replaced with IRM 901; refer to Table 1 and Appendix X3 for details.

1.4 ASTM No. 5 Oil was accepted into Specification D5900 as an industry reference material in 2010 and designated as IRM 905. The composition, and properties of this immersion oil were not changed and the data in Table 1 remains current. Refer to Appendix X4 for other details.

2. Referenced Documents (purchase separately) The documents listed below are referenced within the subject standard but are not provided as part of the standard.

ASTM Standards

SAE Standards

Index Terms

elevated temperature; fluid immersion; immersion oil; IRM reference oil; liquid immersion; reference fuel; reference oil; rubber articles; rubber products; service liquid; Accelerated aging/testing--rubber/related materials; Breaking strength/tenacity--rubber; Bursting strength--rubber; Change in length; Dimensional change; Elevated temperature tests--rubber; Elongation--rubber; Evaporation loss; Fluid immersion; Fuel oils; Fuels (test medias); Hardness tests; Immersion--rubber materials/applications; Liquids immersion--effect on rubber; Oils (test medias); Reference fuel; Rubber adhesion; Service liquid; Tear resistance; Tensile properties/testing--rubber/related materials; Testing methods--rubber; Volume change; Water displacement test;

ICS Code

ICS Number Code 83.060 (Rubber)

Citing ASTM Standards

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