This test method is designed to produce compressive property data for material specifications, research and development, quality assurance, and structural design and analysis. Factors that influence the compressive response and should therefore be reported include the following: material, methods of material preparation and layup, specimen stacking sequence, specimen preparation, specimen conditioning, environment of testing, specimen alignment and gripping, speed of testing, time at temperature, void content, and volume percent reinforcement. Properties, in the test direction, that may be obtained from this test method include:

Ultimate compressive strength,

Ultimate compressive strain,

Compressive (linear or chord) modulus of elasticity,

Poisson's ratio in compression, and

Transition strain.

1. Scope

1.1 This test method determines the in-plane compressive properties of polymer matrix composite materials reinforced by high-modulus fibers. The composite material forms are limited to continuous-fiber or discontinuous-fiber reinforced composites for which the elastic properties are specially orthotropic with respect to the test direction. This test procedure introduces the compressive force into the specimen through shear at wedge grip interfaces. This type of force transfer differs from the procedure in Test Method D 695 where compressive force is transmitted into the specimen by end-loading, Test Method D 6641/D 6641M where compressive force is transmitted by combined shear and end loading, and Test Method D 5467/D 5467M where compressive force is transmitted by subjecting a honeycomb core sandwich beam with thin skins to four-point bending.

1.2 This test method is applicable to composites made from unidirectional tape, wet-tow placement, textile (for example, fabric), short fibers, or similar product forms. Some product forms may require deviations from the test method.

1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text the inch-pounds units are shown in brackets. The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system must be used independently of the other. Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard.

Note 1—Additional procedures for determining compressive properties of resin-matrix composites may be found in Test Methods D 695, D 5467/D 5467M, and D 6641/D 6641M.

1.4 This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.

2. Referenced Documents (purchase separately) The documents listed below are referenced within the subject standard but are not provided as part of the standard.

ASTM Standards

D695 Test Method for Compressive Properties of Rigid Plastics

D792 Test Methods for Density and Specific Gravity (Relative Density) of Plastics by Displacement

D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics

D2584 Test Method for Ignition Loss of Cured Reinforced Resins

D2734 Test Methods for Void Content of Reinforced Plastics

D3171 Test Methods for Constituent Content of Composite Materials

D3878 Terminology for Composite Materials

D5229/D5229M Test Method for Moisture Absorption Properties and Equilibrium Conditioning of Polymer Matrix Composite Materials

D5379/D5379M Test Method for Shear Properties of Composite Materials by the V-Notched Beam Method

D5467/D5467M Test Method for Compressive Properties of Unidirectional Polymer Matrix Composite Materials Using a Sandwich Beam

D6641/D6641M Test Method for Compressive Properties of Polymer Matrix Composite Materials Using a Combined Loading Compression (CLC) Test Fixture

E4 Practices for Force Verification of Testing Machines

E6 Terminology Relating to Methods of Mechanical Testing

E83 Practice for Verification and Classification of Extensometer Systems

E111 Test Method for Youngs Modulus, Tangent Modulus, and Chord Modulus

E122 Practice for Calculating Sample Size to Estimate, With Specified Precision, the Average for a Characteristic of a Lot or Process

E132 Test Method for Poissons Ratio at Room Temperature

E177 Practice for Use of the Terms Precision and Bias in ASTM Test Methods

E251 Test Methods for Performance Characteristics of Metallic Bonded Resistance Strain Gauges

E456 Terminology Relating to Quality and Statistics

E1237 Guide for Installing Bonded Resistance Strain Gages

E1309 Guide for Identification of Fiber-Reinforced Polymer-Matrix Composite Materials in Databases

E1434 Guide for Recording Mechanical Test Data of Fiber-Reinforced Composite Materials in Databases

E1471 Guide for Identification of Fibers, Fillers, and Core Materials in Computerized Material Property Databases

Other Documents

Keywords

composite materials; compressive modulus of elasticity; compressive properties; compressive strength; Poisson's ratio; Composites; Compression testing--aerospace materials; Compression testing--composites; Compressive modulus of elasticity; High modulus fibrous composites; Modulus of elasticity; Poisson's ratio; Polymers (composites); Resins (composite); Shear load; Shear testing--aerospace materials; Unsupported gage section

ICS Code

Citing ASTM Standards

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