Simultaneous Analysis of Amphetamine, Methamphetamine, and 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) in Urine Samples by Solid-Phase Extraction, Derivatization, and Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry
Gan, BK
Graduate students and professor, respectively, Department of Criminal Justice, University of Alabama at Birmingham. Birmingham, AL.

Baugh, D
Graduate students and professor, respectively, Department of Criminal Justice, University of Alabama at Birmingham. Birmingham, AL.

Liu, RH
Graduate students and professor, respectively, Department of Criminal Justice, University of Alabama at Birmingham. Birmingham, AL.

Walia, AS
Director, Environmental Health Research and Testing, Inc.. Birmingham, AL.


Abstract
A rapid and effective solid-phase extraction procedure using Bond Elute Certify™ bonded silica sorbent cartridges was adopted to extract amphetamine, methamphetamine, and 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA or Ecstasy) from urine samples. The extract was derivatized with trichloroacetic anhydride prior to gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) analysis with selected ion monitoring of the following ions: 190, 91, 188; 204, 91, 202; 162, 135, 202; 194, 123; and 211, 209 for the derivatized amphetamine, methamphetamine, MDMA, d₅-amphetamine, and d₉-methamphetamine, respectively. The first of the ions listed for each compound was used for quantitation. The compound d₅-amphetamine was used as the internal standard for amphetamine, and d₉-methamphetamine was used for methamphetamine and MDMA. Results showed a higher than 65% recovery and a reproducibility with less than a 5% coefficient of variation. When a sample size of 2 mL was used, the lowest detectable concentration was about 50 ng/mL, and a near-perfect fit can be obtained (within the 250 to 4000-ng/mL concentration range studied) using a second-order polynomial model.

Keywords:
3,4-methylenedioxyamphetamine, 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA), amphetamine, forensic science, gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), methamphetamine, solid-phase extraction, toxicology, urine

Paper ID: JFS365911331

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Author Gan BK, Baugh D, Liu RH, Walia AS Title Simultaneous Analysis of Amphetamine, Methamphetamine, and 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) in Urine Samples by Solid-Phase Extraction, Derivatization, and Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometry Symposium , Committee on