SYMPOSIA PAPER Published: 01 January 1952
STP46771S

Changes in Characteristics of Portland Cement as Exhibited by Laboratory Tests Over the Period 1904 to 1950

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This paper describes the changes in composition, fineness, and strength-producing characteristics of Type I portland cement as exhibited by laboratory tests over the period 1904 to 1950. The principal changes have been an increase in the average computed C3S content and an increase in fineness, each of which has contributed to higher concrete strengths at all ages up to 10 yr, the latest age of test reported in the paper. Most of these changes occurred during the period 1926 to 1940. Under given conditions of test, current Type I cements attain a strength of 3000 psi in about 4 days and 6000 psi in about 40 days whereas it required about 28 days and 8 years respectively to attain these strengths in comparable concretes made with cements purchased during the period 1916 to 1920. It is particularly noteworthy that, although the changes in composition and fineness have greatly increased the strength at early ages, the gain in strength of moist-cured concrete from 28 days to 10 years has remained approximately the same, about 3000 psi. Included in the paper are data comparing composition, fineness, strength-producing characteristics, volume change, heat of hydration, and sulfate resistance of the five types of portland cement covered by ASTM Specification C 150-49.

Author Information

Gonnerman, H., F.
Portland Cement Assn., Chicago, Ill.
Lerch, William
Portland Cement Assn., Chicago, Ill.
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Details
Developed by Committee: C01
Pages: 1–56
DOI: 10.1520/STP46771S
ISBN-EB: 978-0-8031-6967-8
ISBN-13: 978-0-8031-6515-1