SEDL / STP / STP142-EB / STP46253S

Surface Chemical Properties of Clay Minerals and Soils from Theoretical and Experimental Developments in Electroosmosis

Winterkorn, Hans F.
Professor of Civil Engineering, Princeton University, Princeton, N. J.

Pages: 9    Published: Jan 1953

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Abstract

The theoretical concepts of Helmholtz and Schmid are analyzed with respect to their consequences on electroosmotic water transmission in clay systems as a function of their porosities. New experimental evidence is adduced which proves the general validity of the Schmid concept, but which also shows a determinant influence of the hydration behavior of the system on the electroosmotic transmission picture. This influence makes electroosmosis a new and promising, non-destructive tool for probing into the hydration behavior of clay and similar systems. For this purpose, a simple apparatus was designed which permits measuring of electroosmotic transmission in swelling systems at definite porosities that remain unchanged throughout the experiment.