Longitudinal and transverse compression testing of depleted uranium (U-0.75 Ti)/tungsten fiber (either pure tungsten or W-3Re) unidirectional composites has been carried out by using cylindrical specimens with various length-to-diameter (l/d) ratios. Inelastic column buckling was eliminated by using a proper l/d ratio for the specimen. The test fixture included constraining rings at the ends of the specimen to prevent brooming failure, and compressive loads were applied directly to the end faces of the specimen. The compressive yield strength of the longitudinal specimen increased linearly with volume fraction of fibers obeying a rule-of-mixture equation, and the composite did not fail catastrophically. However, the strength of the transverse specimens decreased with increasing fiber volume fraction and the specimen failed catastrophically on a plane 30 deg to the compression axis. Both longitudinal and transverse compressive strengths were significantly increased by heat treatment of the composite.