SEDL / STP / STP987-EB / STP26234S



The Distribution and Quantitative Relationship of Oxygen and Inclusions in High-Carbon Ball Bearing Steel

Bombardelli, B
Assistant manager of quality assurance, chief metallographer, and commercial director, Acciaierie di Bolzano, S.p.A., Bolzano,

Pacchiani, G
Assistant manager of quality assurance, chief metallographer, and commercial director, Acciaierie di Bolzano, S.p.A., Bolzano,

Holzner, H
Assistant manager of quality assurance, chief metallographer, and commercial director, Acciaierie di Bolzano, S.p.A., Bolzano,

Hoo, JJC
General Bearing Corporation, Bauvelt, NY


Pages: 23    Published: Jan 1988


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Abstract

This paper summarizes the results of a series of investigations conducted in various time periods, in conjunction with each innovative change of equipment and process at Acciaierie di Bolzano S.p.A. in Bolzano, Italy. The results discussed are limited to three major areas of qualitative improvement for high-carbon ball bearing steel equivalent to AISI E 52100 grade: macroinclusions, microinclusions, and oxygen content. Based on the latest results obtained from the most up-to-date technology, a simplified method is proposed for the quality assurance sampling and testing in the production of AISI E 52100 steel.


Keywords:
macroinclusions, microinclusions, oxygen content, air melting, vacuum degassing, RH degassing, ASEA installation, ladle refining, top pouring, bottom pouring, shrouding, reoxidation, distribution of inclusions in ingots, homogeneity

Paper ID: STP26234S
Committee/Subcommittee: A01.28
DOI: 10.1520/STP26234S
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