SYMPOSIA PAPER Published: 01 January 1997
STP13845S

Solid Adjuvant Systems — Formulations, Stability, and Efficacy

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Adjuvants are increasingly used as a means of reducing pesticides in the environment by providing biological enhancement. Incorporation of adjuvants with the active ingredients can produce added value and product differentiation. Examples of solid forms of adjuvants that can provide multiple benefits are not very common. Solid adjuvants have several advantages like elimination of containers (using water dispersible/soluble bags), capability of direct incorporation with solid formulations (wettable powders, water soluble/dispersible granules), and use as tank mix additives.

Formulated value added multibenefit adjuvant systems (Agrimax 3 ™) are described in the literature [Narayanan, 1993]. These are optimized microemulsions containing alkyl pyrrolidones, anionic surfactants and water insoluble copolymers derived from vinyl pyrrolidones. Agrimax systems are designed to provide increased spreading, penetration and rainfastness. A second type of adjuvants is copolymers of vinyl pyrrolidones containing positive pendant groups (Restrict ™). Restrict ™ polymers are shown to reduce leaching of pesticides from the soil [Narayanan, et. al., 1993 a].

The above adjuvant systems were converted to value added solid forms by the use of specific complexing agents like urea. Prototype compositionsderived from the above adjuvant systems, preparative methods, stability, physical properties, and biological performance are discussed. The role of urea as a complexing agent is also discussed.

Author Information

Narayanan, KS
International Specialty Products, Inc., ISP Management Company Inc., Wayne, New Jersey
Talion, M
International Specialty Products, Inc., ISP Management Company Inc., Wayne, New Jersey
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Details
Developed by Committee: E35
Pages: 241–256
DOI: 10.1520/STP13845S
ISBN-EB: 978-0-8031-5378-3
ISBN-13: 978-0-8031-2469-1