One of the first proposals to improve the thermal oxidation stability of aviation turbine fuels was the use of additives [1-4]. Initial work focused on antioxidants which had demonstrated useful performance for storage stability of other petroleum products-gasoline, diesel fuel, and heating oils. Modest, if any, benefits were found for the conventional hindered phenols and amines. Another class of additives, dispersants, exerted significant improvement in filter tests in the ASTM Coker or similar devices. Filtration times were extended from 200 to 800% for some additive/fuel combinations. Some fuels did not respond to dispersants, however. Further, dispersants interfere with separation of water from fuels. These initial results encouraged scientists to follow the promising leads, and research on defining the role of additives continues to the present.